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Heidari Moghadam R, Babajani F, Karami A, Elieh-Ali-Komi D, Hoseini F, Salehi N, Elahirad S, Mohammadi-Noori E, Mohammadi H, Kiani A. Association of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 Promoter Variants, Their Serum Levels, and Activities with Aortic Valve Calcification (AVC) in a Population from Western Iran. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2024; 28:223-232. [PMID: 38708584 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2023.0370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) enzyme gene polymorphisms MMP-2-1575G/A and MMP-9-1562C/T promoter polymorphism, their serum levels, and activity are associated with aortic valve calcification (AVC). Materials and Methods: The synergistic link between the risk of AVC and the alleles T and A of MMP-9 and MMP-2 was investigated, respectively. Ninety-two cases with AVC and 92 healthy individuals from the west of Iran were included, and MMP- 2-1575G/A and MMP-9-1562C/T promoter polymorphisms were detected using PCR-RFLP. The serum levels and activity of MMP-2 and -9 were assessed using ELISA and gelatin zymography methods, respectively. In addition, serum biochemical markers, including FBS, urea and creatinine, cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL, calcium, phosphorus, and blood pressure: systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were measured. Results: Heart valve calcification disease was associated with a comparatively higher frequency of the A allele of the MMP2-1575 variation (p = 0.002). In addition, the frequency of T allele of the MMP9-1562 variant was higher than the control group (p = 0.007). Conclusion: MMP-2 and MMP-9 serum levels and activities were observed to be considerably higher in the experimental group than in the control group (p < 0.001). Patients are more susceptible to cardiovascular disease than the control group due to elevated serum levels and activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Heidari Moghadam
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Babajani
- Students Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Afshin Karami
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Daniel Elieh-Ali-Komi
- Institute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Faeghe Hoseini
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Nahid Salehi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Saeed Elahirad
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ehsan Mohammadi-Noori
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hossein Mohammadi
- Students Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amir Kiani
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Elieh-Ali-Komi D, Bot I, Rodríguez-González M, Maurer M. Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Mast Cells in Atherosclerotic Plaque Progression and Destabilization. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2024; 66:30-49. [PMID: 38289515 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-024-08981-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are commonly recognized for their crucial involvement in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases, but over time, it has come to light that they also play a role in the pathophysiology of non-allergic disorders including atherosclerosis. The involvement of MCs in the pathology of atherosclerosis is supported by their accumulation in atherosclerotic plaques upon their progression and the association of intraplaque MC numbers with acute cardiovascular events. MCs that accumulate within the atherosclerotic plaque release a cocktail of mediators through which they contribute to neovascularization, plaque progression, instability, erosion, rupture, and thrombosis. At a molecular level, MC-released proteases, especially cathepsin G, degrade low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and mediate LDL fusion and binding of LDL to proteoglycans (PGs). Through a complicated network of chemokines including CXCL1, MCs promote the recruitment of among others CXCR2+ neutrophils, therefore, aggravating the inflammation of the plaque environment. Additionally, MCs produce extracellular traps which worsen inflammation and contribute to atherothrombosis. Altogether, evidence suggests that MCs actively, via several underlying mechanisms, contribute to atherosclerotic plaque destabilization and acute cardiovascular syndromes, thus, making the study of interventions to modulate MC activation an interesting target for cardiovascular medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Elieh-Ali-Komi
- Institute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ilze Bot
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marcus Maurer
- Institute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology, Berlin, Germany.
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Onnis C, Virmani R, Kawai K, Nardi V, Lerman A, Cademartiri F, Scicolone R, Boi A, Congiu T, Faa G, Libby P, Saba L. Coronary Artery Calcification: Current Concepts and Clinical Implications. Circulation 2024; 149:251-266. [PMID: 38227718 PMCID: PMC10794033 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.065657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Coronary artery calcification (CAC) accompanies the development of advanced atherosclerosis. Its role in atherosclerosis holds great interest because the presence and burden of coronary calcification provide direct evidence of the presence and extent of coronary artery disease; furthermore, CAC predicts future events independently of concomitant conventional cardiovascular risk factors and to a greater extent than any other noninvasive biomarker of this disease. Nevertheless, the relationship between CAC and the susceptibility of a plaque to provoke a thrombotic event remains incompletely understood. This review summarizes the current understanding and literature on CAC. It outlines the pathophysiology of CAC and reviews laboratory, histopathological, and genetic studies, as well as imaging findings, to characterize different types of calcification and to elucidate their implications. Some patterns of calcification such as microcalcification portend increased risk of rupture and cardiovascular events and may improve prognosis assessment noninvasively. However, contemporary computed tomography cannot assess early microcalcification. Limited spatial resolution and blooming artifacts may hinder estimation of degree of coronary artery stenosis. Technical advances such as photon counting detectors and combination with nuclear approaches (eg, NaF imaging) promise to improve the performance of cardiac computed tomography. These innovations may speed achieving the ultimate goal of providing noninvasively specific and clinically actionable information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Onnis
- Department of Radiology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.), di Cagliari – Polo di Monserrato s.s. 554 Monserrato (Cagliari) 09045, ITALY
| | - Renu Virmani
- Department of Cardiovascular Pathology, CVPath Institute, 19 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD
| | - Kenji Kawai
- Department of Cardiovascular Pathology, CVPath Institute, 19 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD
| | - Valentina Nardi
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Amir Lerman
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Roberta Scicolone
- Department of Radiology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.), di Cagliari – Polo di Monserrato s.s. 554 Monserrato (Cagliari) 09045, ITALY
| | - Alberto Boi
- Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Brotzu, Cagliari Italy
| | - Terenzio Congiu
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.), di Cagliari – Ospedale San Giovanni di Dio (Cagliari) 09100 ITALY
| | - Gavino Faa
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.), di Cagliari – Ospedale San Giovanni di Dio (Cagliari) 09100 ITALY
| | - Peter Libby
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Luca Saba
- Department of Radiology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.), di Cagliari – Polo di Monserrato s.s. 554 Monserrato (Cagliari) 09045, ITALY
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Atiakshin D, Kostin A, Shishkina V, Burtseva A, Buravleva A, Volodkin A, Elieh-Ali-Komi D, Buchwalow I, Tiemann M. Space-Flight- and Microgravity-Dependent Alteration of Mast Cell Population and Protease Expression in Digestive Organs of Mongolian Gerbils. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13604. [PMID: 37686410 PMCID: PMC10488096 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cell (MC)-specific proteases are of particular interest for space biology and medicine due to their biological activity in regulating targets of a specific tissue microenvironment. MC tryptase and chymase obtain the ability to remodel connective tissue through direct and indirect mechanisms. Yet, MC-specific protease expression under space flight conditions has not been adequately investigated. Using immunohistochemical stainings, we analyzed in this study the protease profile of the jejunal, gastric, and hepatic MC populations in three groups of Mongolian gerbils-vivarium control, synchronous experiment, and 12-day orbital flight on the Foton-M3 spacecraft-and in two groups-vivarium control and anti-orthostatic suspension-included in the experiment simulating effects of weightlessness in the ground-based conditions. After a space flight, there was a decreased number of MCs in the studied organs combined with an increased proportion of chymase-positive MCs and MCs with a simultaneous content of tryptase and chymase; the secretion of specific proteases into the extracellular matrix increased. These changes in the expression of proteases were observed both in the mucosal and connective tissue MC subpopulations of the stomach and jejunum. Notably, the relative content of tryptase-positive MCs in the studied organs of the digestive system decreased. Space flight conditions simulated in the synchronous experiment caused no similar significant changes in the protease profile of MC populations. The space flight conditions resulted in an increased chymase expression combined with a decreased total number of protease-positive MCs, apparently due to participating in the processes of extracellular matrix remodeling and regulating the state of the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii Atiakshin
- Research and Educational Resource Center for Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultra-structural Analysis Innovative Technologies, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (D.A.); (A.K.); (A.V.)
- Research Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine, Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, 394036 Voronezh, Russia; (V.S.); (A.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Andrey Kostin
- Research and Educational Resource Center for Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultra-structural Analysis Innovative Technologies, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (D.A.); (A.K.); (A.V.)
| | - Viktoriya Shishkina
- Research Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine, Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, 394036 Voronezh, Russia; (V.S.); (A.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Alexandra Burtseva
- Research Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine, Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, 394036 Voronezh, Russia; (V.S.); (A.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Anastasia Buravleva
- Research Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine, Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, 394036 Voronezh, Russia; (V.S.); (A.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Artem Volodkin
- Research and Educational Resource Center for Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultra-structural Analysis Innovative Technologies, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (D.A.); (A.K.); (A.V.)
| | - Daniel Elieh-Ali-Komi
- Institute of Allergology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany;
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Igor Buchwalow
- Research and Educational Resource Center for Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultra-structural Analysis Innovative Technologies, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (D.A.); (A.K.); (A.V.)
- Institute for Hematopathology, 22547 Hamburg, Germany;
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Wang LYT, Tan CS, Lai MKP, Hilal S. Factors Associated with RANTES, EMMPIRIN, MMP2 and MMP9, and the Association of These Biomarkers with Cardiovascular Disease in a Multi-Ethnic Population. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11247281. [PMID: 36555898 PMCID: PMC9782242 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11247281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The growing cardiovascular disease (CVD) epidemic calls for further research to identify novel biomarkers for earlier detection and as potential therapeutic targets. Biomarkers Regulated on Activation, Normal T Cell Expressed and Secreted (RANTES), extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2, and MMP-9) are linked to proatherogenic and proinflammatory pathways of CVD development, the majority of which are coronary artery disease (CAD) and stroke. We evaluated potential factors affecting these four biomarkers and established their association with CVD. METHODS This is a cross-sectional analysis using a nested case-control design involving 580 participants aged 21-75 years from the prospective multi-ethnic cohort study. A total of 290 CVD cases and 290 age-and sex-matched controls were identified. All participants underwent interviews, health screenings, and provided blood samples, including biomarkers RANTES, EMMPRIN, and MMPs. CVD was defined based on previous medical history. RESULTS The average age of the participants was 55.7(SD = 10.3) years of age, and 34.6% were female. Arrhythmia history and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were significant factors of logEMMPRIN (β = -0.124 [-0.245, -0.003] and β = 0.111 [0.0, 0.191], respectively). Only female sex (β = 0.189 [0.078, 0.300]) for logRANTES and age (β = 0.033 [0.010, 0.055]) for logMMP-2 and logMMP-9 were significant. The Indian ethnicity (β = 0.192 [0.048, 0.335]) and highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels (β = 0.063 [0.011, 0.116]) were statistically significant for logMMP-9. No association was detected between biomarkers and CVD. CONCLUSIONS In this multi-ethnic study cohort, RANTES was associated with sex, EMMPRIN was associated with a history of arrhythmia and LDL levels, MMP-2 with age, and MMP-9 with ethnicity and hs-CRP levels. The biomarker serum levels were not associated with CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laureen Yi-Ting Wang
- National University Heart Centre, National University Hospital Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Chuen Seng Tan
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore
| | - Mitchell K. P. Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- Memory, Aging and Cognition Centre, National University Health System, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Saima Hilal
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +65-6516-4988
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Laroui A, Galarneau L, Abolghasemi A, Benachenhou S, Plantefève R, Bouchouirab FZ, Lepage JF, Corbin F, Çaku A. Clinical significance of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in Fragile X Syndrome. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15386. [PMID: 36100610 PMCID: PMC9470743 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19476-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
High plasma matrix metalloproteases-9 (MMP-9) levels have been reported in Fragile X Syndrome in a limited number of animal and human studies. Since the results obtained are method-dependent and not directly comparable, the clinical utility of MMP-9 measurement in FXS remains unclear. This study aimed to compare quantitative gel zymography and ELISA and to determine which method better discriminates abnormal MMP-9 levels of individuals with FXS from healthy controls and correlates with the clinical profile. The active and total forms of MMP-9 were quantified respectively, by gel zymography and ELISA in a cohort of FXS (n = 23) and healthy controls (n = 20). The clinical profile was assessed for the FXS group using the Aberrant Behavior Checklist FXS adapted version (ABC-CFX), Adaptive Behavior Assessment System (ABAS), Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ), and Anxiety Depression and Mood Scale questionnaires. Method comparison showed a disagreement between gel zymography and ELISA with a constant error of − 0.18 [95% CI: − 0.35 to − 0.02] and a proportional error of 2.31 [95% CI: 1.53 to 3.24]. Plasma level of MMP-9 active form was significantly higher in FXS (n = 12) as compared to their age-sex and BMI matched controls (n = 12) (p = 0.039) and correlated with ABC-CFX (rs = 0.60; p = 0.039) and ADAMS (rs = 0.57; p = 0.043) scores. As compared to the plasma total form, the plasma MMP-9 active form better enables the discrimination of individuals with FXS from controls and correlates with the clinical profile. Our results highlight the importance of choosing the appropriate method to quantify plasma MMP-9 in future FXS clinical studies.
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