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Zhan CL, Zhou D, Sun MH, Jiang WJ, Lee SH, Li XH, Lu QY, Kim JD, Lee GH, Sim JM, Chung HJ, Cho ES, Sa SJ, Cui XS. In Vivo-Matured Oocyte Resists Post-Ovulatory Aging through the Hub Genes DDX18 and DNAJC7 in Pigs. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:867. [PMID: 39061935 PMCID: PMC11274268 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Assisted reproduction technology (ART) procedures are often impacted by post-ovulatory aging (POA), which can lead to reduced fertilization rates and impaired embryo development. This study used RNA sequencing analysis and experimental validation to study the similarities and differences between in vivo- and vitro-matured porcine oocytes before and after POA. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between fresh in vivo-matured oocyte (F_vivo) and aged in vivo-matured oocyte (A_vivo) and DEGs between fresh in vitro-matured oocyte (F_vitro) and aged in vitro-matured oocyte (A_vitro) were intersected to explore the co-effects of POA. It was found that "organelles", especially "mitochondria", were significantly enriched Gene Ontology (GO) terms. The expression of genes related to the "electron transport chain" and "cell redox homeostasis" pathways related to mitochondrial function significantly showed low expression patterns in both A_vivo and A_vitro groups. Weighted correlation network analysis was carried out to explore gene expression modules specific to A_vivo. Trait-module association analysis showed that the red modules were most associated with in vivo aging. There are 959 genes in the red module, mainly enriched in "RNA binding", "mRNA metabolic process", etc., as well as in GO terms, and "spliceosome" and "nucleotide excision repair" pathways. DNAJC7, IK, and DDX18 were at the hub of the gene regulatory network. Subsequently, the functions of DDX18 and DNAJC7 were verified by knocking down their expression at the germinal vesicle (GV) and Metaphase II (MII) stages, respectively. Knockdown at the GV stage caused cell cycle disorders and increase the rate of abnormal spindle. Knockdown at the MII stage resulted in the inefficiency of the antioxidant melatonin, increasing the level of intracellular oxidative stress, and in mitochondrial dysfunction. In summary, POA affects the organelle function of oocytes. A_vivo oocytes have some unique gene expression patterns. These genes may be potential anti-aging targets. This study provides a better understanding of the detailed mechanism of POA and potential strategies for improving the success rates of assisted reproductive technologies in pigs and other mammalian species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Lin Zhan
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (C.-L.Z.); (D.Z.); (M.-H.S.); (W.-J.J.); (S.-H.L.); (X.-H.L.); (Q.-Y.L.); (J.-D.K.); (G.-H.L.); (J.-M.S.)
| | - Dongjie Zhou
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (C.-L.Z.); (D.Z.); (M.-H.S.); (W.-J.J.); (S.-H.L.); (X.-H.L.); (Q.-Y.L.); (J.-D.K.); (G.-H.L.); (J.-M.S.)
| | - Ming-Hong Sun
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (C.-L.Z.); (D.Z.); (M.-H.S.); (W.-J.J.); (S.-H.L.); (X.-H.L.); (Q.-Y.L.); (J.-D.K.); (G.-H.L.); (J.-M.S.)
| | - Wen-Jie Jiang
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (C.-L.Z.); (D.Z.); (M.-H.S.); (W.-J.J.); (S.-H.L.); (X.-H.L.); (Q.-Y.L.); (J.-D.K.); (G.-H.L.); (J.-M.S.)
| | - Song-Hee Lee
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (C.-L.Z.); (D.Z.); (M.-H.S.); (W.-J.J.); (S.-H.L.); (X.-H.L.); (Q.-Y.L.); (J.-D.K.); (G.-H.L.); (J.-M.S.)
| | - Xiao-Han Li
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (C.-L.Z.); (D.Z.); (M.-H.S.); (W.-J.J.); (S.-H.L.); (X.-H.L.); (Q.-Y.L.); (J.-D.K.); (G.-H.L.); (J.-M.S.)
| | - Qin-Yue Lu
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (C.-L.Z.); (D.Z.); (M.-H.S.); (W.-J.J.); (S.-H.L.); (X.-H.L.); (Q.-Y.L.); (J.-D.K.); (G.-H.L.); (J.-M.S.)
| | - Ji-Dam Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (C.-L.Z.); (D.Z.); (M.-H.S.); (W.-J.J.); (S.-H.L.); (X.-H.L.); (Q.-Y.L.); (J.-D.K.); (G.-H.L.); (J.-M.S.)
| | - Gyu-Hyun Lee
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (C.-L.Z.); (D.Z.); (M.-H.S.); (W.-J.J.); (S.-H.L.); (X.-H.L.); (Q.-Y.L.); (J.-D.K.); (G.-H.L.); (J.-M.S.)
| | - Jae-Min Sim
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (C.-L.Z.); (D.Z.); (M.-H.S.); (W.-J.J.); (S.-H.L.); (X.-H.L.); (Q.-Y.L.); (J.-D.K.); (G.-H.L.); (J.-M.S.)
| | - Hak-Jae Chung
- The Center for Reproductive Control, TNT Research Co., Ltd., Jiphyeonjungang 3-gil 13, Sejong-si 30141, Republic of Korea;
| | - Eun-Seok Cho
- Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan-si 31000, Republic of Korea;
| | - Soo-Jin Sa
- Planning and Coordination Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea;
| | - Xiang-Shun Cui
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (C.-L.Z.); (D.Z.); (M.-H.S.); (W.-J.J.); (S.-H.L.); (X.-H.L.); (Q.-Y.L.); (J.-D.K.); (G.-H.L.); (J.-M.S.)
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2
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Neira JA, Conrad JV, Rusteika M, Chu LF. The progress of induced pluripotent stem cells derived from pigs: a mini review of recent advances. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1371240. [PMID: 38979033 PMCID: PMC11228285 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1371240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Pigs (Sus scrofa) are widely acknowledged as an important large mammalian animal model due to their similarity to human physiology, genetics, and immunology. Leveraging the full potential of this model presents significant opportunities for major advancements in the fields of comparative biology, disease modeling, and regenerative medicine. Thus, the derivation of pluripotent stem cells from this species can offer new tools for disease modeling and serve as a stepping stone to test future autologous or allogeneic cell-based therapies. Over the past few decades, great progress has been made in establishing porcine pluripotent stem cells (pPSCs), including embryonic stem cells (pESCs) derived from pre- and peri-implantation embryos, and porcine induced pluripotent stem cells (piPSCs) using a variety of cellular reprogramming strategies. However, the stabilization of pPSCs was not as straightforward as directly applying the culture conditions developed and optimized for murine or primate PSCs. Therefore, it has historically been challenging to establish stable pPSC lines that could pass stringent pluripotency tests. Here, we review recent advances in the establishment of stable porcine PSCs. We focus on the evolving derivation methods that eventually led to the establishment of pESCs and transgene-free piPSCs, as well as current challenges and opportunities in this rapidly advancing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime A Neira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Reproductive Biology and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - J Vanessa Conrad
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Reproductive Biology and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Margaret Rusteika
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Reproductive Biology and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Li-Fang Chu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Reproductive Biology and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Li J, Zhao T, Guan D, Pan Z, Bai Z, Teng J, Zhang Z, Zheng Z, Zeng J, Zhou H, Fang L, Cheng H. Learning functional conservation between human and pig to decipher evolutionary mechanisms underlying gene expression and complex traits. CELL GENOMICS 2023; 3:100390. [PMID: 37868039 PMCID: PMC10589632 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2023.100390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Assessment of genomic conservation between humans and pigs at the functional level can improve the potential of pigs as a human biomedical model. To address this, we developed a deep learning-based approach to learn the genomic conservation at the functional level (DeepGCF) between species by integrating 386 and 374 functional profiles from humans and pigs, respectively. DeepGCF demonstrated better prediction performance compared with the previous method. In addition, the resulting DeepGCF score captures the functional conservation between humans and pigs by examining chromatin states, sequence ontologies, and regulatory variants. We identified a core set of genomic regions as functionally conserved that plays key roles in gene regulation and is enriched for the heritability of complex traits and diseases in humans. Our results highlight the importance of cross-species functional comparison in illustrating the genetic and evolutionary basis of complex phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Li
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Tianjing Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Dailu Guan
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Zhangyuan Pan
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Zhonghao Bai
- Center for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics (QGG), Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jinyan Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhili Zheng
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jian Zeng
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Huaijun Zhou
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Lingzhao Fang
- Center for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics (QGG), Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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4
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Endo Y, Kamei KI, Hasegawa K, Okita K, Ito H, Terada S, Inoue-Murayama M. Generation and gene expression profiles of Grevy's zebra induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2022; 31:250-257. [PMID: 35316100 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2021.0253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can serve as a biological resource for functional and conservation research for various species. This realisation has led to the generation of iPSCs from many species, including those identified as endangered. However, the understanding of species variation in mammalian iPSCs remains largely unknown. To gain insight into species variation in iPSCs, we generated iPSCs from a new species Grevy's zebra (Equus grevyi; gz-iPSCs), which has been listed as endangered in the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) Red List. We isolated primary fibroblast cells from an individual and successfully reprogrammed them into iPSCs. The generated gz-iPSCs continued to grow under primed-type culture condition and showed pluripotency and differentiation potential. To describe the molecular characteristics of gz-iPSCs, we performed RNA sequencing analysis. The gz-iPSC transcriptome showed robust expression of pluripotency associated genes reported in human and mouse, suggesting evolutionary conservation among the species. This study provides insight into the iPSCs from a rare species and helps the understanding of the gene expression basis underlying mammalian PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ken-Ichiro Kamei
- Kyoto University - Yoshida Campus, 12918, Kyoto, Japan, 606-8501;
| | | | | | | | - Shiho Terada
- Kyoto University - Yoshida Campus, 12918, Kyoto, Japan;
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5
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Zhang R, Yu S, Shen Q, Zhao W, Zhang J, Wu X, Zhu Z, Wu X, Li N, Peng S, Hua J. AXIN2 Reduces the Survival of Porcine Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (piPSCs). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312954. [PMID: 34884759 PMCID: PMC8658036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The establishment of porcine pluripotent stem cells (piPSCs) is critical but remains challenging. All piPSCs are extremely sensitive to minor perturbations of culture conditions and signaling network. Inhibitors, such as CHIR99021 and XAV939 targeting the WNT signaling pathway, have been added in a culture medium to modify the cell regulatory network. However, potential side effects of inhibitors could confine the pluripotency and practicability of piPSCs. This study aimed to investigate the roles of AXIN, one component of the WNT pathway in piPSCs. Here, porcine AXIN1 and AXIN2 genes were knocked-down or overexpressed. Digital RNA-seq was performed to explore the mechanism of cell proliferation and apoptosis. We found that (1) overexpression of the porcine AXIN2 gene significantly reduced survival and negatively impacted the pluripotency of piPSCs, and (2) knockdown of AXIN2, a negative effector of the WNT signaling pathway, enhanced the expression of genes involved in cell cycle but reduced the expression of genes related to cell differentiation, death, and apoptosis.
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6
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Pieri NCG, de Souza AF, Botigelli RC, Pessôa LVDF, Recchia K, Machado LS, Glória MH, de Castro RVG, Leal DF, Fantinato Neto P, Martins SMMK, Dos Santos Martins D, Bressan FF, de Andrade AFC. Porcine Primordial Germ Cell-Like Cells Generated from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Under Different Culture Conditions. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 18:1639-1656. [PMID: 34115317 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10198-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Culture conditions regulate the process of pluripotency acquisition and self-renewal. This study aimed to analyse the influence of the in vitro environment on the induction of porcine induced pluripotent stem cell (piPSCs) differentiation into primordial germ cell-like cells (pPGCLCs). piPSC culture with different supplementation strategies (LIF, bFGF, or LIF plus bFGF) promoted heterogeneous phenotypic profiles. Continuous bFGF supplementation during piPSCs culture was beneficial to support a pluripotent state and the differentiation of piPSCs into pPGCLCs. The pPGCLCs were positive for the gene and protein expression of pluripotent and germinative markers. This study can provide a suitable in vitro model for use in translational studies and to help answer numerous remaining questions about germ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naira Caroline Godoy Pieri
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.
| | - Aline Fernanda de Souza
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, SP, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Ramon Cesar Botigelli
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Kaiana Recchia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas Simões Machado
- Department of Biochemistry, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - Mayra Hirakawa Glória
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, SP, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Raquel Vasconcelos Guimarães de Castro
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Diego Feitosa Leal
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Fantinato Neto
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, SP, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | | | - Daniele Dos Santos Martins
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Fernandes Bressan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, SP, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - André Furugen Cesar de Andrade
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
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7
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Su Y, Zhu J, Salman S, Tang Y. Induced pluripotent stem cells from farm animals. J Anim Sci 2021; 98:5937369. [PMID: 33098420 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of the induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) technology has revolutionized the world on the establishment of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) across a great variety of animal species. Generation of iPSCs from domesticated animals would provide unrestricted cell resources for the study of embryonic development and cell differentiation of these species, for screening and establishing desired traits for sustainable agricultural production, and as veterinary and preclinical therapeutic tools for animal and human diseases. Induced PSCs from domesticated animals thus harbor enormous scientific, economical, and societal values. Although much progress has been made toward the generation of PSCs from these species, major obstacles remain precluding the exclamation of the establishment of bona fide iPSCs. The most prominent of them remain the inability of these cells to silence exogenous reprogramming factors, the obvious reliance on exogenous factors for their self-renewal, and the restricted development potential in vivo. In this review, we summarize the history and current progress in domestic farm animal iPSC generation, with a focus on swine, ruminants (cattle, ovine, and caprine), horses, and avian species (quails and chickens). We also discuss the problems associated with the farm animal iPSCs and potential future directions toward the complete reprogramming of somatic cells from farm animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Su
- Department of Animal Science, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- Department of Animal Science, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
| | - Saleh Salman
- Department of Animal Science, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
| | - Young Tang
- Department of Animal Science, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
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8
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Korody ML, Ford SM, Nguyen TD, Pivaroff CG, Valiente-Alandi I, Peterson SE, Ryder OA, Loring JF. Rewinding Extinction in the Northern White Rhinoceros: Genetically Diverse Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Bank for Genetic Rescue. Stem Cells Dev 2021; 30:177-189. [PMID: 33406994 PMCID: PMC7891310 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2021.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Extinction rates are rising, and current conservation technologies may not be adequate for reducing species losses. Future conservation efforts may be aided by the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from highly endangered species. Generation of a set of iPSCs from multiple members of a species can capture some of the dwindling genetic diversity of a disappearing species. We generated iPSCs from fibroblasts cryopreserved in the Frozen Zoo®: nine genetically diverse individuals of the functionally extinct northern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum cottoni) and two from the closely related southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum). We used a nonintegrating Sendai virus reprogramming method and developed analyses to confirm the cells' pluripotency and differentiation potential. This work is the first step of a long-term interdisciplinary plan to apply assisted reproduction techniques to the conservation of this highly endangered species. Advances in iPSC differentiation may enable generation of gametes in vitro from deceased and nonreproductive individuals that could be used to repopulate the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa L Korody
- San Diego Zoo Global, Beckman Center for Conservation Research, Escondido, California, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sarah M Ford
- San Diego Zoo Global, Beckman Center for Conservation Research, Escondido, California, USA
| | - Thomas D Nguyen
- San Diego Zoo Global, Beckman Center for Conservation Research, Escondido, California, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Cullen G Pivaroff
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Iñigo Valiente-Alandi
- San Diego Zoo Global, Beckman Center for Conservation Research, Escondido, California, USA
| | - Suzanne E Peterson
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Oliver A Ryder
- San Diego Zoo Global, Beckman Center for Conservation Research, Escondido, California, USA
| | - Jeanne F Loring
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California, USA
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9
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Liu Y, Zhang Y, Cui J. Recognized trophoblast-like cells conversion from human embryonic stem cells by BMP4 based on convolutional neural network. Reprod Toxicol 2020; 99:39-47. [PMID: 33249234 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The use of models of stem cell differentiation to trophoblastic cells provides an effective perspective for understanding the early molecular events in the establishment and maintenance of human pregnancy. In combination with the newly developed deep learning technology, the automated identification of this process can greatly accelerate the contribution to relevant knowledge. Based on the transfer learning technique, we used a convolutional neural network to distinguish the microscopic images of Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) from differentiated trophoblast -like cells (TBL). To tackle the problem of insufficient training data, the strategies of data augmentation were used. The results showed that the convolutional neural network could successfully recognize trophoblast cells and stem cells automatically, but could not distinguish TBL from the immortalized trophoblast cell lines in vitro (JEG-3 and HTR8-SVneo). We compare the recognition effect of the commonly used convolutional neural network, including DenseNet, VGG16, VGG19, InceptionV3, and Xception. This study extends the deep learning technique to trophoblast cell phenotype classification and paves the way for automatic bright-field microscopic image analysis of trophoblast cells in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Gynecological Oncology Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University Translational Medicine Platform, Zhengzhou University, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University Translational Medicine Platform, Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Jinquan Cui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Gynecological Oncology Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University Translational Medicine Platform, Zhengzhou University, China.
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10
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Shi B, Gao D, Zhong L, Zhi M, Weng X, Xu J, Li J, Du X, Xin Y, Gao J, Zhu Q, Cao S, Liu Z, Han J. IRF-1 expressed in the inner cell mass of the porcine early blastocyst enhances the pluripotency of induced pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:505. [PMID: 33246502 PMCID: PMC7694439 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01983-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite years of research, porcine-induced pluripotent stem cells (piPSCs) with germline chimeric capacity have not been established. Furthermore, the key transcription factors (TFs) defining the naïve state in piPSCs also remain elusive, even though TFs in the inner cell mass (ICM) are believed to be key molecular determinants of naïve pluripotency. In this study, interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) was screened to express higher in ICM than trophectoderm (TE). But the impact of IRF-1 on maintenance of pluripotency in piPSCs was not determined. METHODS Transcriptome profiles of the early ICM were analyzed to determine highly interconnected TFs. Cells carrying these TFs' reporter were used to as donor cells for somatic cell nuclear transfer to detect expression patterns in blastocysts. Next, IRF1-Flag was overexpressed in DOX-hLIF-2i piPSCs and AP staining, qRT-PCR, and RNA-seq were conducted to examine the effect of IRF-1 on pluripotency. Then, the expression of IRF-1 in DOX-hLIF-2i piPSCs was labeled by GFP and qRT-PCR was conducted to determine the difference between GFP-positive and GFP-negative cells. Next, ChIP-Seq was conducted to identify genes target by IRF-1. Treatment with IL7 in wild-type piPSCs and STAT3 phosphorylation inhibitor in IRF-1 overexpressing piPSCs was conducted to confirm the roles of JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway in IRF-1's regulation of pluripotency. Moreover, during reprogramming, IRF-1 was overexpressed and knocked down to determine the change of reprogramming efficiency. RESULTS IRF-1 was screened to be expressed higher in porcine ICM than TE of d6~7 SCNT blastocysts. First, overexpression of IRF-1 in the piPSCs was observed to promote the morphology, AP staining, and expression profiles of pluripotency genes as would be expected when cells approach the naïve state. Genes, KEGG pathways, and GO terms related to the process of differentiation were also downregulated. Next, in the wild-type piPSCs, high-level fluorescence activated by the IRF-1 promoter was associated with higher expression of naïve related genes in piPSCs. Analysis by ChIP-Seq indicated that genes related to the JAK-STAT pathway, and expression of IL7 and STAT3 were activated by IRF-1. The inhibitor of STAT3 phosphorylation was observed could revert the expression of primed genes in IRF-1 overexpressing cells, but the addition of IL7 in culture medium had no apparent change in the cell morphology, AP staining results, or expression of pluripotency related genes. In addition, knockdown of IRF-1 during reprogramming appeared to reduce reprogramming efficiency, whereas overexpression exerted the converse effect. CONCLUSION The IRF-1 expressed in the ICM of pigs' early blastocyst enhances the pluripotency of piPSCs, in part through promoting the JAK-STAT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbo Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dengfeng Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Liang Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Medicine for Diabetes, The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, China
| | - Minglei Zhi
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Junjun Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Junhong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xuguang Du
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yanli Xin
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qianqian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Suying Cao
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jianyong Han
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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11
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Wang CH, Chang CH, Lin TL, Fu RH, Huang YC, Chen SY, Shyu WC, Liu SP. The novel application of cordycepin in maintaining stem cell pluripotency and increasing iPS cell generation efficiency. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2187. [PMID: 32042022 PMCID: PMC7010772 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59154-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining the pluripotency of either embryonic stem (ES) cells or induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells is a fundamental part of stem cell research. In this study, we reported that cordycepin promoted the expression of pluripotency markers in ES and iPS cells. ES cells treated with cordycepin demonstrated their potential for generating embryoid bodies and differentiating into all three germ layers. The expression levels of phospho-Jak2, phospho-Stat3, integrin αV, and integrin β5 were increased after cordycepin treatment. Furthermore, the protein expression levels of IL-6 family proteins (IL-6, IL-11, LIF, oncostatin M (OSM), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF)), and epidermal growth factor (EGF) were also upregulated after cordycepin treatment, but were restored after co-treatment with a Jak2 inhibitor (AG490). The gene expression levels of Yamanaka factors were upregulated in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) after cordycepin treatment. Moreover, the generation efficiencies of iPS cells were elevated after cordycepin treatment. We found that iPS cells generated after cordycepin treatment, not only expressed pluripotency markers, but also showed the ability of differentiating into neuron stem/progenitor cells. Taken together, we demonstrated that cordycepin maintained the pluripotency of stem cells via regulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and Jak2/Stat3 signaling pathway and improved the generation efficiency of iPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chie-Hong Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsuan Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Li Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ru-Huei Fu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Center for Translational Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuen Huang
- Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yin Chen
- Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Woei-Cherng Shyu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Center for Translational Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ping Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Center for Translational Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Social Work, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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12
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Niu YJ, Zhou W, Nie ZW, Zhou D, Xu YN, Ock SA, Yan CG, Cui XS. Ubiquinol-10 delays postovulatory oocyte aging by improving mitochondrial renewal in pigs. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:1256-1271. [PMID: 31958774 PMCID: PMC7053629 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquinol-10, the reduced form of coenzyme Q10, protects mammalian cells from oxidative damage and enhances mitochondrial activity. However, the protective effect of ubiquinol-10 on mammalian oocytes is not well understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of ubiquinol-10 on porcine oocytes during postovulatory aging. Metaphase II oocytes were selected as fresh oocytes and further cultured for 48 h with different concentrations of ubiquinol-10 (0–400 μM) in vitro as a postovulatory aging model. After choosing the optimal concentration of ubiquinol-10 (100 μM) that maintained oocyte morphology and developmental competence during the progression of aging, the oocytes were randomly divided into five groups: fresh, control-24 h, ubiquinol-24 h, control-48 h, and ubiquinol-48 h. The results revealed that ubiquinol-10 significantly prevented aging-induced oxidative stress, GSH reduction, cytoskeleton impairment, apoptosis, and autophagy. Mitochondrial biogenesis (SIRT1 and PGC-1α) and mitophagy (PINK1 and PARKIN)-related proteins were decreased during aging. Addition of ubiquinol-10 prevented the aging-induced reduction of these proteins. Consequently, although mitochondrial content was decreased, the number of active mitochondria and ATP level were significantly increased upon treatment with ubiquinol-10. Thus, ubiquinol-10 has beneficial effects on porcine postovulatory aging oocytes owing to its antioxidant properties and ability to promote mitochondrial renewal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jie Niu
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Wenjun Zhou
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Zheng-Wen Nie
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Dongjie Zhou
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Yong-Nan Xu
- College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Sun A Ock
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Chang-Guo Yan
- College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Xiang-Shun Cui
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
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13
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Muscle tissue engineering in fibrous gelatin: implications for meat analogs. NPJ Sci Food 2019; 3:20. [PMID: 31646181 PMCID: PMC6803664 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-019-0054-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioprocessing applications that derive meat products from animal cell cultures require food-safe culture substrates that support volumetric expansion and maturation of adherent muscle cells. Here we demonstrate scalable production of microfibrous gelatin that supports cultured adherent muscle cells derived from cow and rabbit. As gelatin is a natural component of meat, resulting from collagen denaturation during processing and cooking, our extruded gelatin microfibers recapitulated structural and biochemical features of natural muscle tissues. Using immersion rotary jet spinning, a dry-jet wet-spinning process, we produced gelatin fibers at high rates (~ 100 g/h, dry weight) and, depending on process conditions, we tuned fiber diameters between ~ 1.3 ± 0.1 μm (mean ± SEM) and 8.7 ± 1.4 μm (mean ± SEM), which are comparable to natural collagen fibers. To inhibit fiber degradation during cell culture, we crosslinked them either chemically or by co-spinning gelatin with a microbial crosslinking enzyme. To produce meat analogs, we cultured bovine aortic smooth muscle cells and rabbit skeletal muscle myoblasts in gelatin fiber scaffolds, then used immunohistochemical staining to verify that both cell types attached to gelatin fibers and proliferated in scaffold volumes. Short-length gelatin fibers promoted cell aggregation, whereas long fibers promoted aligned muscle tissue formation. Histology, scanning electron microscopy, and mechanical testing demonstrated that cultured muscle lacked the mature contractile architecture observed in natural muscle but recapitulated some of the structural and mechanical features measured in meat products.
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14
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Yuan Y, Park J, Tian Y, Choi J, Pasquariello R, Alexenko AP, Dai A, Behura SK, Roberts RM, Ezashi T. A six-inhibitor culture medium for improving naïve-type pluripotency of porcine pluripotent stem cells. Cell Death Discov 2019; 5:104. [PMID: 31240131 PMCID: PMC6579764 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-019-0184-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding essential signaling network requirements and making appropriate adjustments in culture conditions are crucial if porcine pluripotent stem cells (PSC) are to achieve their full potential. Here, we first used two protein factors (LIF and FGF2) and kinase inhibitor combinations in attempts to convert primed type lentiviral-reprogrammed porcine induced PSC (Lv-piPSC) into naïve-like state and developed a medium called FL6i. In addition to FGF2 and LIF, this medium contained inhibitors of MAPK14, MAPK8, TGFB1, MAP2K1, GSK3A and BMP. Crucially, the usual TGFB1 and BMP4 protein components of many stem cell media were replaced in FL6i with inhibitors of TGFB1 and BMP. With this medium, Lv-piPSC were readily transformed from their original primed state into cells that formed colonies with typical features of naïve-state stem cells. The FL6i medium also assisted generation of naïve-type piPSC lines from porcine embryonic fibroblasts with non-integrating episomal plasmids (Epi-piPSC). These lines, despite retaining variable amounts of vector DNA, expressed higher endogenous pPOU5F1 and pSOX2 than Lv-piPSC. They have been cultured without obvious morphological change for >45 passages and retained pluripotent phenotypes in terms of upregulation of genes associated with pluripotency, low expression of genes linked to emergence of somatic cell lineages, and ability to generate well differentiated teratomas in immune-compromised mice. FL6i conditions, therefore, appear to support elevated pluripotent phenotypes. However, FL6i was less able to support the generation of embryonic stem cells from porcine blastocysts. Although colonies with dome-shaped morphologies were evident and the cells had some gene expression features linked to pluripotency, the phenotypes were ultimately not stable. Pathway analysis derived from RNAseq data performed on the various cell lines generated in this study suggest the benefits of employing the FL6i medium on porcine cells reside in its ability to minimize TGFB1 and BMP signaling, which would otherwise de-stabilize the stem cell state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yuan
- 1Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.,2Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.,3Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine, Lone Tree, CO 80124 USA
| | - Jinkyu Park
- 1Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.,2Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.,4Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
| | - Yuchen Tian
- 1Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
| | - Jungmin Choi
- 5Laboratory of Human Genetics and Genomics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Rolando Pasquariello
- 3Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine, Lone Tree, CO 80124 USA.,6Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences-Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, University of Milan, Milano, 20133 Italy
| | - Andrei P Alexenko
- 1Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.,2Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
| | - Aihua Dai
- 1Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
| | - Susanta K Behura
- 2Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
| | - R Michael Roberts
- 1Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.,2Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
| | - Toshihiko Ezashi
- 1Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.,2Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
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15
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Genome-Wide Investigation and Functional Analysis of Sus scrofa RNA Editing Sites across Eleven Tissues. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10050327. [PMID: 31052161 PMCID: PMC6562383 DOI: 10.3390/genes10050327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the prevalence and importance of RNA editing have been illuminated in mammals. However, studies on RNA editing of pigs, a widely used biomedical model animal, are rare. Here we collected RNA sequencing data across 11 tissues and identified more than 490,000 RNA editing sites. We annotated their biological features, detected flank sequence characteristics of A-to-I editing sites and the impact of A-to-I editing on miRNA-mRNA interactions, and identified RNA editing quantitative trait loci (edQTL). Sus scrofa RNA editing sites showed high enrichment in repetitive regions with a median editing level as 15.38%. Expectedly, 96.3% of the editing sites located in non-coding regions including intron, 3' UTRs, intergenic, and gene proximal regions. There were 2233 editing sites located in the coding regions and 980 of them caused missense mutation. Our results indicated that to an A-to-I editing site, the adjacent four nucleotides, two before it and two after it, have a high impact on the editing occurrences. A commonly observed editing motif is CCAGG. We found that 4552 A-to-I RNA editing sites could disturb the original binding efficiencies of miRNAs and 4176 A-to-I RNA editing sites created new potential miRNA target sites. In addition, we performed edQTL analysis and found that 1134 edQTLs that significantly affected the editing levels of 137 RNA editing sites. Finally, we constructed PRESDB, the first pig RNA editing sites database. The site provides necessary functions associated with Sus scrofa RNA editing study.
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16
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Whitworth DJ, Limnios IJ, Gauthier ME, Weeratunga P, Ovchinnikov DA, Baillie G, Grimmond SM, Graves JAM, Wolvetang EJ. Platypus Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: The Unique Pluripotency Signature of a Monotreme. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 28:151-164. [PMID: 30417748 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2018.0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) is an egg-laying monotreme mammal whose ancestors diverged ∼166 million years ago from the evolutionary pathway that eventually gave rise to both marsupial and eutherian mammals. Consequently, its genome is an extraordinary amalgam of both ancestral reptilian and derived mammalian features. To gain insight into the evolution of mammalian pluripotency, we have generated induced pluripotent stem cells from the platypus (piPSCs). Deep sequencing of the piPSC transcriptome revealed that piPSCs robustly express the core eutherian pluripotency factors POU5F1/OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG. Given the more extensive role of SOX3 over SOX2 in avian pluripotency, our data indicate that between 315 and 166 million years ago, primitive mammals replaced the role of SOX3 in the vertebrate pluripotency network with SOX2. DAX1/NR0B1 is not expressed in piPSCs and an analysis of the platypus DAX1 promoter revealed the absence of a proximal SOX2-binding DNA motif known to be critical for DAX1 expression in eutherian pluripotent stem cells, suggesting that the acquisition of SOX2 responsiveness by DAX1 has facilitated its recruitment into the pluripotency network of eutherians. Using the RNAseq data, we were also able to demonstrate that in both fibroblasts and piPSCs, the expression ratio of X chromosomes to autosomes (X1-5 X1-5:AA) is approximately equal to 1, indicating that there is no upregulation of X-linked genes. Finally, the RNAseq data also allowed us to explore the process of X-linked gene inactivation in the platypus, where we determined that for any given gene, there is no preference for silencing of the maternal or paternal allele; that is, within a population of cells, the silencing of X-linked genes is not imprinted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deanne J Whitworth
- 1 School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, Australia.,2 Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Ioannis J Limnios
- 2 Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.,3 Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Acton, Australia.,4 Clem Jones Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | | - Dmitry A Ovchinnikov
- 2 Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Gregory Baillie
- 5 Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Sean M Grimmond
- 5 Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | | | - Ernst J Wolvetang
- 2 Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
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17
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Liu Y, Ding D, Liu H, Sun X. The accessible chromatin landscape during conversion of human embryonic stem cells to trophoblast by bone morphogenetic protein 4. Biol Reprod 2018; 96:1267-1278. [PMID: 28430877 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/iox028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) exposed to the growth factor bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) in the absence of FGF2 have been used as a model to study the development of placental development. However, little is known about the cis-regulatory mechanisms underlying this important process. In this study, we used the public available chromatin accessibility data of hESC H1 cells and BMP4-induced trophoblast (TB) cell lines to identify DNase I hypersensitive sites (DHSs) in the two cell lines, as well as the transcription factor (TF) binding sites within the DHSs. By comparing read profiles in H1 and TB, we identified 17 472 TB-specific DHSs. The TB-specific DHSs are enriched in terms of "blood vessel" and "trophectoderm," consisting of TF motifs family: Leucine Zipper, Helix-Loop-Helix, GATA, and ETS. To validate differential expression of the TFs binding to these motifs, we analyzed public available RNA-seq and microarray data in the same context. Finally, by integrating the protein-protein interaction data, we constructed a TF network for placenta development and identified top 20 key TFs through centrality analysis in the network. Our results indicate BMP4-induced TB system provided an invaluable model for the study of TB development and highlighted novel candidate genes in placenta development in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Dewu Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R. China.,Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Chizhou College, Chizhou, P.R. China
| | - Hongde Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R. China
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18
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Preserving self-renewal of porcine pluripotent stem cells in serum-free 3i culture condition and independent of LIF and b-FGF cytokines. Cell Death Discov 2018. [PMID: 29531818 PMCID: PMC5841441 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-017-0015-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Derivation of bona fide porcine pluripotent stem cells is still a critical issue because porcine embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are not available yet, and most of the culture conditions to maintain porcine induced pluripotent stem cells (piPSCs) are based on conditions for mouse and human iPS cells. In this study, we generated a doxycycline-inducible porcine iPS cell line (DOX-iPSCs) and used it to screen the optimal culture condition to sustain the self-renewal of piPSCs. We found that LIF and b-FGF were required for porcine cell reprogramming, but were not essential cytokines for maintaining the self-renewal and pluripotency of piPSCs. A serum-free 3i medium, which includes three inhibitors CHIR99021, SB431542, and PD0325901, three cytokines BMP4, SCF, and IL-6, and human platelet lysates (PL), was made through serious selections. In 3i condition, the doxycycline-inducible iPSCs could be passaged for a long term without the addition of doxycycline, and the flattened morphology of intermediate state piPSCs could convert to the naïve-like morphology with the increase in endogenous pluripotent gene expressions. Additionally, pPSC cell line isolated from 5.5 days blastocysts could be sustained in 3i medium and the expression of endogenous pluripotent genes OCT4, ESRRB, and STELLA was significantly increased. Our finding directed a new reprogramming strategy by using 3i condition to maintain and convert primed piPSCs into naïve-like pluripotent state. A combination of traditional LIF/b-FGF conditions and 3i condition may help us to find out an appropriate reprogramming approach to generate the naïve state of porcine iPSCs.
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19
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Liang G, Yang Y, Niu G, Tang Z, Li K. Genome-wide profiling of Sus scrofa circular RNAs across nine organs and three developmental stages. DNA Res 2017; 24:523-535. [PMID: 28575165 PMCID: PMC5737845 DOI: 10.1093/dnares/dsx022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The spatio-temporal expression patterns of Circular RNA (circRNA) across organs and developmental stages are critical for its function and evolution analysis. However, they remain largely unclear in mammals. Here, we comprehensively analysed circRNAs in nine organs and three skeletal muscles of Guizhou miniature pig (S. scrofa), a widely used biomedical model animal. We identified 5,934 circRNAs and analysed their molecular properties, sequence conservation, spatio-temporal expression pattern, potential function, and interaction with miRNAs. S. scrofa circRNAs show modest sequence conservation with human and mouse circRNAs, are flanked by long introns, exhibit low abundance, and are expressed dynamically in a spatio-temporally specific manner. S. scrofa circRNAs show the greatest abundance and complexity in the testis. Notably, 31% of circRNAs harbour well-conserved canonical miRNA seed matches, suggesting that some circRNAs act as miRNAs sponges. We identified 149 circRNAs potentially associated with muscle growth and found that their host genes were significantly involved in muscle development, contraction, chromatin modification, cation homeostasis, and ATP hydrolysis-coupled proton transport; moreover, this set of genes was markedly enriched in genes involved in tight junctions and the calcium signalling pathway. Finally, we constructed the first public S. scrofa circRNA database, allowing researchers to query comprehensive annotation, expression, and regulatory networks of circRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoming Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.,Department of Pig Genomic Design and Breeding, Agricultural Genome Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Phenotype Analysis and Utilization of Agricultural Genome, Agricultural Genome Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
| | - Yalan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.,Department of Pig Genomic Design and Breeding, Agricultural Genome Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Phenotype Analysis and Utilization of Agricultural Genome, Agricultural Genome Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
| | - Guanglin Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhonglin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.,Department of Pig Genomic Design and Breeding, Agricultural Genome Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Phenotype Analysis and Utilization of Agricultural Genome, Agricultural Genome Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
| | - Kui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.,Department of Pig Genomic Design and Breeding, Agricultural Genome Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
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Zhang Y, Wang QC, Liu J, Xiong B, Cui XS, Kim NH, Sun SC. The small GTPase CDC42 regulates actin dynamics during porcine oocyte maturation. J Reprod Dev 2017; 63:505-510. [PMID: 28781348 PMCID: PMC5649100 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2017-034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian oocyte undergoes an asymmetric division during meiotic maturation, producing a small polar body and a haploid gamete. This process involves the dynamics of actin filaments, and the guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) protein superfamily is a major regulator of actin assembly. In the present study, the small GTPase CDC42 was shown to participate in the meiotic maturation of porcine oocytes. Immunofluorescent staining showed that CDC42 was mainly localized at the periphery of the oocytes, and accumulated with microtubules. Deactivation of CDC42 protein activity with the effective inhibitor ML141 caused a decrease in actin distribution in the cortex, which resulted in a failure of polar body extrusion. Moreover, western blot analysis revealed that besides the Cdc42-N-WASP pathway previously reported in mouse oocytes, the expression of ROCK and p-cofilin, two molecules involved in actin dynamics, was also decreased after CDC42 inhibition during porcine oocyte maturation. Thus, our study demonstrates that CDC42 is an indispensable protein during porcine oocyte meiosis, and CDC42 may interact with N-WASP, ROCK, and cofilin in the assembly of actin filaments during porcine oocyte maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qiao-Chu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Bo Xiong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiang-Shun Cui
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea
| | - Shao-Chen Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Yu T, Ma Y, Wang H. EpCAM Intracellular Domain Promotes Porcine Cell Reprogramming by Upregulation of Pluripotent Gene Expression via Beta-catenin Signaling. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46315. [PMID: 28393933 PMCID: PMC5385527 DOI: 10.1038/srep46315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous study showed that expression of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) was significantly upregulated in porcine induced pluripotent stem cells (piPSCs). However, the regulatory mechanism and the downstream target genes of EpCAM were not well investigated. In this study, we found that EpCAM was undetectable in fibroblasts, but highly expressed in piPSCs. Promoter of EpCAM was upregulated by zygotic activated factors LIN28, and ESRRB, but repressed by maternal factors OCT4 and SOX2. Knocking down EpCAM by shRNA significantly reduced the pluripotent gene expression. Conversely, overexpression of EpCAM significantly increased the number of alkaline phosphatase positive colonies and elevated the expression of endogenous pluripotent genes. As a key surface-to-nucleus factor, EpCAM releases its intercellular domain (EpICD) by a two-step proteolytic processing sequentially. Blocking the proteolytic processing by inhibitors TAPI-1 and DAPT could reduce the intracellular level of EpICD and lower expressions of OCT4, SOX2, LIN28, and ESRRB. We noticed that increasing intracellular EpICD only was unable to improve activity of EpCAM targeted genes, but by blocking GSK-3 signaling and stabilizing beta-catenin signaling, EpICD could then significantly stimulate the promoter activity. These results showed that EpCAM intracellular domain required beta-catenin signaling to enhance porcine cell reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yu
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yangyang Ma
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Huayan Wang
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Yang F, Wang N, Wang Y, Yu T, Wang H. Activin-SMAD signaling is required for maintenance of porcine iPS cell self-renewal through upregulation of NANOG and OCT4 expression. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:2253-2262. [PMID: 27996082 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Porcine induced pluripotent stem cells (piPSCs) retain the enormous potential for farm animal reproduction and translational medicine, and have been reported by many laboratories worldwide. Some piPSC lines were bFGF-dependence and showed mouse EpiSC-like morphology; other lines were LIF-dependence and showed mouse ESC-like morphology. Metastable state of piPSC line that required both LIF and bFGF was also reported. Because bona fide pig embryonic stem cells were not available, uncovering piPSC state-specific regulatory circuitries was the most important task. In this study, we explored the function of Activin-SMAD signaling pathway and its downstream activated target genes in piPSCs. Transcriptome analysis showed that genes involved in Activin-SMAD signaling pathway were evidently activated during porcine somatic cell reprogramming, regardless piPSCs were LIF- or bFGF-dependent. Addition of Activin A and overexpression of SMAD2/3 significantly promoted expressions of porcine NANOG and OCT4, whereas inhibition of Activin-SMAD signaling by SB431542 and SMAD7 reduced NANOG and OCT4 expressions, and induced piPSCs differentiation exiting from pluripotent state. Our data demonstrate that activation of Activin-SMAD signaling pathway by addition of Activin A in culture medium is necessary for maintenance of self-renewal in porcine pluripotent stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yaxian Wang
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tong Yu
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huayan Wang
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Construction of a Dual-Fluorescence Reporter System to Monitor the Dynamic Progression of Pluripotent Cell Differentiation. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:1390284. [PMID: 27999597 PMCID: PMC5143739 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1390284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oct4 is a crucial germ line-specific transcription factor expressed in different pluripotent cells and downregulated in the process of differentiation. There are two conserved enhancers, called the distal enhancer (DE) and proximal enhancer (PE), in the 5' upstream regulatory sequences (URSs) of the mouse Oct4 gene, which were demonstrated to control Oct4 expression independently in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs). We analyzed the URSs of the pig Oct4 and identified two similar enhancers that were highly consistent with the mouse DE and PE. A dual-fluorescence reporter was later constructed by combining a DE-free-Oct4-promoter-driven EGFP reporter cassette with a PE-free-Oct4-promoter-driven mCherry reporter cassette. Then, it was tested in a mouse ESC-like cell line (F9) and a mouse EpiSC-like cell line (P19) before it is formally used for pig. As a result, a higher red fluorescence was observed in F9 cells, while green fluorescence was primarily detected in P19 cells. This fluorescence expression pattern in the two cell lines was consistent with that in the early naïve pluripotent state and late primed pluripotent state during differentiation of mouse ESCs. Hence, this reporter system will be a convenient tool for screening out ESC-like naïve pluripotent stem cells from other metastable state cells in a heterogenous population.
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Kwon DJ, Hwang IS, Kim HR, Kim YR, Oh KB, Ock SA, Im GS, Lee JW, Hwang S. Aberrant methylation of Meg3 in alpha1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout pig induced pluripotent stem cells. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2016.1191543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Non integrative strategy decreases chromosome instability and improves endogenous pluripotency genes reactivation in porcine induced pluripotent-like stem cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27059. [PMID: 27245508 PMCID: PMC4887982 DOI: 10.1038/srep27059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pig is an emerging animal model, complementary to rodents for basic research and for biomedical and agronomical purposes. However despite the progress made on mouse and rat models to produce genuine pluripotent cells, it remains impossible to produce porcine pluripotent cell lines with germline transmission. Reprogramming of pig somatic cells using conventional integrative strategies remains also unsatisfactory. In the present study, we compared the outcome of both integrative and non-integrative reprogramming strategies on pluripotency and chromosome stability during pig somatic cell reprogramming. The porcine cell lines produced with integrative strategies express several pluripotency genes but they do not silence the integrated exogenes and present a high genomic instability upon passaging. In contrast, pig induced pluripotent-like stem cells produced with non-integrative reprogramming system (NI-iPSLCs) exhibit a normal karyotype after more than 12 months in culture and reactivate endogenous pluripotency markers. Despite the persistent expression of exogenous OCT4 and MYC, these cells can differentiate into derivatives expressing markers of the three embryonic germ layers and we propose that these NI-iPSLCs can be used as a model to bring new insights into the molecular factors controlling and maintaining pluripotency in the pig and other non-rodent mammalians.
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Petkov S, Glage S, Nowak-Imialek M, Niemann H. Long-Term Culture of Porcine Induced Pluripotent Stem-Like Cells Under Feeder-Free Conditions in the Presence of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors. Stem Cells Dev 2016; 25:386-94. [PMID: 26691930 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2015.0317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The reprogramming of somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is a complex process that involves significant epigenetic alterations in the reprogrammed cells. Epigenetic modifiers such as histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have been shown to increase the efficiency of derivation of iPSCs in humans and mice. In this study, we used three HDAC inhibitors, valproic acid, sodium butyrate, and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, together with ascorbic acid, for derivation and long-term feeder-free culture of porcine iPS-like cells. In the absence of exogenous growth factors and/or small molecules, these inhibitors were able to maintain the expression of key pluripotency markers, including genes known to be specific for naive pluripotent state in mouse stem cells, for over 60 passages under feeder-free conditions. Surprisingly, the cells became dependent on HDAC inhibitors for the maintenance of proliferation. Moreover, despite showing successful integration into blastocysts upon injection, the cells were unable to undergo normal differentiation in vitro and in vivo in the form of teratomas. Our results suggest that HDAC inhibitors maintain pluripotency gene expression of porcine iPSC-like cells in long-term culture, but prevent lineage specification, requiring further optimization of culture conditions for porcine iPSC derivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stoyan Petkov
- 1 Department of Biotechnology, Institute for Farm Animal Genetics (FLI) , Neustadt, Germany
| | - Silke Glage
- 2 Department of Experimental Pathology, Institute for Laboratory Animal Science , Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Monika Nowak-Imialek
- 1 Department of Biotechnology, Institute for Farm Animal Genetics (FLI) , Neustadt, Germany
| | - Heiner Niemann
- 1 Department of Biotechnology, Institute for Farm Animal Genetics (FLI) , Neustadt, Germany
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Yu Y, Gao Q, Zhao HC, Li R, Gao JM, Ding T, Bao SY, Zhao Y, Sun XF, Fan Y, Qiao J. Ascorbic acid improves pluripotency of human parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells through modifying imprinted gene expression in the Dlk1-Dio3 region. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:69. [PMID: 25879223 PMCID: PMC4425892 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0054-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Human parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells (hpESCs) are generated from artificially activated oocytes, however, the issue of whether hpESCs have equivalent differentiation ability to human fertilized embryonic stem cells remains controversial. Methods hpESCs were injected into male severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice and the efficiency of teratoma formation was calculated. Then the gene expression and methylation modification were detected by real time-PCR and bisulfate methods. Results Comparison of five hpESCs with different differentiation abilities revealed that levels of paternal genes in the Dlk1-Dio3 region on chromosome 14 in the hpESCs with high differentiation potential are enhanced, but strictly methylated and silenced in the hpESCs with lower differentiation potential. Treatment with ascorbic acid, rescued their ability to support teratoma formation and altered the expression profiles of paternally expressed genes in hpESCs that could not form teratoma easily. No differences in the expression of other imprinting genes were evident between hpESCs with higher and lower differentiation potential, except for those in the Dlk1-Dio3 region. Conclusions The Dlk1-Dio3 imprinting gene cluster distinguishes the differentiation ability of hpESCs. Moreover, modification by ascorbic acid may facilitate application of hpESCs to clinical settings in the future by enhancing their pluripotency. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-015-0054-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 HuaYuan North Road, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Qian Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 HuaYuan North Road, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong-cui Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 HuaYuan North Road, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 HuaYuan North Road, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Jiang-man Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 HuaYuan North Road, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ting Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 HuaYuan North Road, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Si-yu Bao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 HuaYuan North Road, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 HuaYuan North Road, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Xiao-fang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 63, Liwan District, Guangzhou City, 510150, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 HuaYuan North Road, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 63, Liwan District, Guangzhou City, 510150, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jie Qiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 HuaYuan North Road, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China.
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