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Kamei T, Kudo T, Yamane H, Ishibashi F, Takada Y, Honda S, Maezawa Y, Ikeda K, Oyamada Y. Unique electrophysiological property of a novel Nav1.7, Nav1.8, and Nav1.9 sodium channel blocker, ANP-230. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 721:150126. [PMID: 38776832 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channel subtypes, Nav1.7, Nav1.8, and Nav1.9 are predominantly expressed in peripheral sensory neurons. Recent genetic studies have revealed that they are involved in pathological pain processing and that the blockade of Nav1.7, Nav1.8, or Nav1.9 will become a promising pharmacotherapy especially for neuropathic pain. A growing number of drug discovery programs have targeted either of the subtypes to obtain a selective inhibitor which can provide pain relief without affecting the cardiovascular and central nervous systems, though none of them has been approved yet. Here we describe the in vitro characteristics of ANP-230, a novel sodium channel blocker under clinical development. Surprisingly, ANP-230 was shown to block three pain-related subtypes, human Nav1.7, Nav1.8, and Nav1.9 with similar potency, but had only low inhibitory activity to human cardiac Nav1.5 channel and rat central Nav channels. The voltage clamp experiments using different step pulse protocols revealed that ANP-230 had a "tonic block" mode of action without state- and use-dependency. In addition, ANP-230 caused a depolarizing shift of the activation curve and decelerated gating kinetics in human Nav1.7-stably expressing cells. The depolarizing shift of activation curve was commonly observed in human Nav1.8-stably expressing cells as well as rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. These data suggested a quite unique mechanism of Nav channel inhibition by ANP-230. Finally, ANP-230 reduced excitability of rat dorsal root ganglion neurons in a concentration dependent manner. Collectively, these promising results indicate that ANP-230 could be a potent drug for neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Kamei
- Pharmacology Research Unit, Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, 554-0022, Japan; Regenerative & Cellular Medicine Kobe Center, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Kobe, 650-0047, Japan.
| | - Takehiro Kudo
- Pharmacology Research Unit, Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, 554-0022, Japan
| | - Hana Yamane
- Pharmacology Research Unit, Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, 554-0022, Japan; Regenerative & Cellular Medicine Kobe Center, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Ishibashi
- Pharmacology Research Unit, Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, 554-0022, Japan; Platform Technology Research Unit, Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, 554-0022, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Takada
- Pharmacology Research Unit, Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, 554-0022, Japan; Global Corporate Strategy, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Tokyo, 104-8356, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Honda
- Pharmacology Research Unit, Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, 554-0022, Japan; Sumika Chemical Analysis Service, Ltd., Osaka, 554-0022, Japan
| | - Yasuyo Maezawa
- Pharmacology Research Unit, Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, 554-0022, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Ikeda
- Pharmacology Research Unit, Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, 554-0022, Japan; Platform Technology Research Unit, Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, 554-0022, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Oyamada
- Pharmacology Research Unit, Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, 554-0022, Japan; AlphaNavi Pharma Inc., Osaka, 564-0053, Japan
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Chen L, Jiang J, Dou B, Feng H, Liu J, Zhu Y, Zhang B, Zhou T, Wei GW. Machine learning study of the extended drug-target interaction network informed by pain related voltage-gated sodium channels. Pain 2024; 165:908-921. [PMID: 37851391 PMCID: PMC11021136 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pain is a significant global health issue, and the current treatment options for pain management have limitations in terms of effectiveness, side effects, and potential for addiction. There is a pressing need for improved pain treatments and the development of new drugs. Voltage-gated sodium channels, particularly Nav1.3, Nav1.7, Nav1.8, and Nav1.9, play a crucial role in neuronal excitability and are predominantly expressed in the peripheral nervous system. Targeting these channels may provide a means to treat pain while minimizing central and cardiac adverse effects. In this study, we construct protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks based on pain-related sodium channels and develop a corresponding drug-target interaction network to identify potential lead compounds for pain management. To ensure reliable machine learning predictions, we carefully select 111 inhibitor data sets from a pool of more than 1000 targets in the PPI network. We employ 3 distinct machine learning algorithms combined with advanced natural language processing (NLP)-based embeddings, specifically pretrained transformer and autoencoder representations. Through a systematic screening process, we evaluate the side effects and repurposing potential of more than 150,000 drug candidates targeting Nav1.7 and Nav1.8 sodium channels. In addition, we assess the ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) properties of these candidates to identify leads with near-optimal characteristics. Our strategy provides an innovative platform for the pharmacological development of pain treatments, offering the potential for improved efficacy and reduced side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Chen
- Research Center of Nonlinear Science, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, P R. China
| | - Jian Jiang
- Research Center of Nonlinear Science, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, P R. China
- Department of Mathematics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Bozheng Dou
- Research Center of Nonlinear Science, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, P R. China
| | - Hongsong Feng
- Department of Mathematics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Jie Liu
- Research Center of Nonlinear Science, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, P R. China
| | - Yueying Zhu
- Research Center of Nonlinear Science, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, P R. China
| | - Bengong Zhang
- Research Center of Nonlinear Science, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, P R. China
| | - Tianshou Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Computational Mathematics, Guangdong Province, and School of Mathematics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P R. China
| | - Guo-Wei Wei
- Department of Mathematics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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3
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Zhao C, Zhou X, Shi X. The influence of Nav1.9 channels on intestinal hyperpathia and dysmotility. Channels (Austin) 2023; 17:2212350. [PMID: 37186898 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2023.2212350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The Nav1.9 channel is a voltage-gated sodium channel. It plays a vital role in the generation of pain and the formation of neuronal hyperexcitability after inflammation. It is highly expressed in small diameter neurons of dorsal root ganglions and Dogiel II neurons in enteric nervous system. The small diameter neurons in dorsal root ganglions are the primary sensory neurons of pain conduction. Nav1.9 channels also participate in regulating intestinal motility. Functional enhancements of Nav1.9 channels to a certain extent lead to hyperexcitability of small diameter dorsal root ganglion neurons. The hyperexcitability of the neurons can cause visceral hyperalgesia. Intestinofugal afferent neurons and intrinsic primary afferent neurons in enteric nervous system belong to Dogiel type II neurons. Their excitability can also be regulated by Nav1.9 channels. The hyperexcitability of intestinofugal afferent neurons abnormally activate entero-enteric inhibitory reflexes. The hyperexcitability of intrinsic primary afferent neurons disturb peristaltic waves by abnormally activating peristaltic reflexes. This review discusses the role of Nav1.9 channels in intestinal hyperpathia and dysmotility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xi Zhou
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoliu Shi
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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4
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Loose S, Lischka A, Kuehs S, Nau C, Heinemann SH, Kurth I, Leipold E. Peripheral temperature dysregulation associated with functionally altered Na V1.8 channels. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:1343-1355. [PMID: 37695396 PMCID: PMC10567936 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02856-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
The voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.8 is prominently expressed in the soma and axons of small-caliber sensory neurons, and pathogenic variants of the corresponding gene SCN10A are associated with peripheral pain and autonomic dysfunction. While most disease-associated SCN10A variants confer gain-of-function properties to NaV1.8, resulting in hyperexcitability of sensory neurons, a few affect afferent excitability through a loss-of-function mechanism. Using whole-exome sequencing, we here identify a rare heterozygous SCN10A missense variant resulting in alteration p.V1287I in NaV1.8 in a patient with a 15-year history of progressively worsening temperature dysregulation in the distal extremities, particularly in the feet. Further symptoms include increasingly intensifying tingling and numbness in the fingers and increased sweating. To assess the impact of p.V1287I on channel function, we performed voltage-clamp recordings demonstrating that the alteration confers loss- and gain-of-function characteristics to NaV1.8 characterized by a right-shifted voltage dependence of channel activation and inactivation. Current-clamp recordings from transfected mouse dorsal root ganglion neurons further revealed that NaV1.8-V1287I channels broaden the action potentials of sensory neurons and increase their firing rates in response to depolarizing current stimulations, indicating a gain-of-function mechanism of the variant at the cellular level in a heterozygous setting. The data support the hypothesis that the properties of NaV1.8 p.V1287I are causative for the patient's symptoms and that nonpainful peripheral paresthesias should be considered part of the clinical spectrum of NaV1.8-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Loose
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care & CBBM - Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Annette Lischka
- Institute for Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Samuel Kuehs
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care & CBBM - Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Carla Nau
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care & CBBM - Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Stefan H Heinemann
- Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biophysics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena and Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Ingo Kurth
- Institute for Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Enrico Leipold
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care & CBBM - Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Luebeck, Germany.
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5
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Almomani R, Sopacua M, Marchi M, Ślęczkowska M, Lindsey P, de Greef BTA, Hoeijmakers JGJ, Salvi E, Merkies ISJ, Ferdousi M, Malik RA, Ziegler D, Derks KWJ, Boenhof G, Martinelli-Boneschi F, Cazzato D, Lombardi R, Dib-Hajj S, Waxman SG, Smeets HJM, Gerrits MM, Faber CG, Lauria G. Genetic Profiling of Sodium Channels in Diabetic Painful and Painless and Idiopathic Painful and Painless Neuropathies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098278. [PMID: 37175987 PMCID: PMC10179245 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a frequent feature of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and small fiber neuropathy (SFN). Resolving the genetic architecture of these painful neuropathies will lead to better disease management strategies, counselling and intervention. Our aims were to profile ten sodium channel genes (SCG) expressed in a nociceptive pathway in painful and painless DPN and painful and painless SFN patients, and to provide a perspective for clinicians who assess patients with painful peripheral neuropathy. Between June 2014 and September 2016, 1125 patients with painful-DPN (n = 237), painless-DPN (n = 309), painful-SFN (n = 547) and painless-SFN (n = 32), recruited in four different centers, were analyzed for SCN3A, SCN7A-SCN11A and SCN1B-SCN4B variants by single molecule Molecular inversion probes-Next Generation Sequence. Patients were grouped based on phenotype and the presence of SCG variants. Screening of SCN3A, SCN7A-SCN11A, and SCN1B-SCN4B revealed 125 different (potential) pathogenic variants in 194 patients (17.2%, n = 194/1125). A potential pathogenic variant was present in 18.1% (n = 142/784) of painful neuropathy patients vs. 15.2% (n = 52/341) of painless neuropathy patients (17.3% (n = 41/237) for painful-DPN patients, 14.9% (n = 46/309) for painless-DPN patients, 18.5% (n = 101/547) for painful-SFN patients, and 18.8% (n = 6/32) for painless-SFN patients). Of the variants detected, 70% were in SCN7A, SCN9A, SCN10A and SCN11A. The frequency of SCN9A and SCN11A variants was the highest in painful-SFN patients, SCN7A variants in painful-DPN patients, and SCN10A variants in painless-DPN patients. Our findings suggest that rare SCG genetic variants may contribute to the development of painful neuropathy. Genetic profiling and SCG variant identification should aid in a better understanding of the genetic variability in patients with painful and painless neuropathy, and may lead to better risk stratification and the development of more targeted and personalized pain treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowida Almomani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
- Clinical Genomics Unit, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Maurice Sopacua
- Department of Neurology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Margherita Marchi
- Neuroalgology Unit, IRCCS Foundation "Carlo Besta" Neurological Institute, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Milena Ślęczkowska
- Clinical Genomics Unit, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Lindsey
- Clinical Genomics Unit, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bianca T A de Greef
- Department of Neurology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Janneke G J Hoeijmakers
- Department of Neurology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Erika Salvi
- Neuroalgology Unit, IRCCS Foundation "Carlo Besta" Neurological Institute, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Ingemar S J Merkies
- Department of Neurology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Curaçao Medical Center, 4365+37Q, J. H. J. Hamelbergweg, Willemstad, Curacao
| | - Maryam Ferdousi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9P, UK
| | - Rayaz A Malik
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9P, UK
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar
| | - Dan Ziegler
- German Diabetes Centre, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kasper W J Derks
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Gidon Boenhof
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Filippo Martinelli-Boneschi
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Neurological Disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Cazzato
- Neuroalgology Unit, IRCCS Foundation "Carlo Besta" Neurological Institute, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Lombardi
- Neuroalgology Unit, IRCCS Foundation "Carlo Besta" Neurological Institute, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Sulayman Dib-Hajj
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Stephen G Waxman
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Hubert J M Smeets
- Clinical Genomics Unit, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Monique M Gerrits
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Catharina G Faber
- Department of Neurology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Giuseppe Lauria
- Neuroalgology Unit, IRCCS Foundation "Carlo Besta" Neurological Institute, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
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6
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Brackx W, de Cássia Collaço R, Theys M, Cruyssen JV, Bosmans F. Understanding the physiological role of Na V1.9: Challenges and opportunities for pain modulation. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 245:108416. [PMID: 37061202 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Voltage-activated Na+ (NaV) channels are crucial contributors to rapid electrical signaling in the human body. As such, they are among the most targeted membrane proteins by clinical therapeutics and natural toxins. Several of the nine mammalian NaV channel subtypes play a documented role in pain or other sensory processes such as itch, touch, and smell. While causal relationships between these subtypes and biological function have been extensively described, the physiological role of NaV1.9 is less understood. Yet, mutations in NaV1.9 can cause striking disease phenotypes related to sensory perception such as loss or gain of pain and chronic itch. Here, we explore our current knowledge of the mechanisms by which NaV1.9 may contribute to pain and elaborate on the challenges associated with establishing links between experimental conditions and human disease. This review also discusses the lack of comprehensive insights into NaV1.9-specific pharmacology, an unfortunate situation since modulatory compounds may have tremendous potential in the clinic to treat pain or as precision tools to examine the extent of NaV1.9 participation in sensory perception processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayra Brackx
- Molecular Physiology and Neurophysics Group, Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rita de Cássia Collaço
- Molecular Physiology and Neurophysics Group, Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Margaux Theys
- Molecular Physiology and Neurophysics Group, Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jolien Vander Cruyssen
- Molecular Physiology and Neurophysics Group, Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frank Bosmans
- Molecular Physiology and Neurophysics Group, Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.
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Okuda H, Inoue S, Oyamada Y, Koizumi A, Youssefian S. Reduced pain sensitivity of episodic pain syndrome model mice carrying a Nav1.9 mutation by ANP-230, a novel sodium channel blocker. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15423. [PMID: 37151704 PMCID: PMC10161610 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The sodium channel Nav1.9 is expressed in the sensory neurons of small diameter dorsal root ganglia that transmit pain signals, and gain-of-function Nav1.9 mutations have been associated with both painful and painless disorders. We initially determined that some Nav1.9 mutations are responsible for familial episodic pain syndrome observed in the Japanese population. We therefore generated model mice harboring one of the more painful Japanese mutations, R222S, and determined that dorsal root ganglia hyperexcitability was the cause of the associated pain. ANP-230 is a novel non-opioid drug with strong inhibitory effects on Nav1.7, 1.8 and 1.9, and is currently under clinical trials for patients suffering from familial episodic pain syndrome. However, little is known about its mechanism of action and effects on pain sensitivity. In this study, we therefore investigated the inhibitory effects of ANP-230 on the hypersensitivity of Nav1.9 p.R222S mutant model mouse to pain. In behavioral tests, ANP-230 reduced the pain response of the mice, particularly to heat or mechanical stimuli, in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, ANP-230 suppressed the repetitive firing of dorsal root ganglion neurons of these mutant mice. Our results clearly demonstrate that ANP-230 is an effective analgesic for familial episodic pain syndrome resulting from DRG neuron hyperexcitability, and that such analgesic effects are likely to be of clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Okuda
- Department of Pain Pharmacogenetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho Kamigyo‐ward, Kyoto, 602‐8566, Japan
- Corresponding author.
| | - Sumiko Inoue
- Department of Pain Pharmacogenetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Oyamada
- Department of Pain Pharmacogenetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- AlphaNavi Pharma Inc., Osaka, 564-0053, Japan
| | - Akio Koizumi
- Department of Pain Pharmacogenetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Institute of Public Health and Welfare Research, Kyoto, 616-8141, Japan
- Corresponding author. Department of Pain Pharmacogenetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Shohab Youssefian
- Department of Pain Pharmacogenetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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8
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Marchese-Rojas M, Islas ÁA, Mancilla-Simbro C, Millan-PerezPeña L, León JS, Salinas-Stefanon EM. Inhibition of the Human Neuronal Sodium Channel Na v1.9 by Arachidonyl-2-Chloroethylamide, An Analogue of Anandamide in a hNa v1.9/rNa v1.4 Chimera, An Experimental and in Silico Study. Neuroscience 2023; 511:39-52. [PMID: 36156289 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Cannabinoids regulate analgesia, which has aroused much interest in identifying new pharmacological therapies in the management of refractory pain. Voltage-gated Na+ channels (Navs) play an important role in inflammatory and neuropathic pain. In particular, Nav1.9 is involved in nociception and the understanding of its pharmacology has lagged behind because it is difficult to express in heterologous systems. Here, we utilized the chimeric channel hNav1.9_C4, that comprises the extracellular and transmembrane domains of hNav1.9, co-expressed with the ß1 subunit on CHO-K1 cells to characterize the electrophysiological effects of ACEA, a synthetic surrogate of the endogenous cannabinoid anandamide. ACEA induced a tonic block, decelerated the fast inactivation, markedly shifted steady-state inactivation in the hyperpolarized direction, decreasing the window current and showed use-dependent block, with a high affinity for the inactivated state (ki = 0.84 µM). Thus, we argue that ACEA possess a local anaesthetic-like profile. To provide a mechanistic understanding of its mode of action at the molecular level, we combined induced fit docking with Monte Carlo simulations and electrostatic complementarity. In agreement with the experimental evidence, our computer simulations revealed that ACEA binds Tyr1599 of the local anaesthetics binding site of the hNav1.9, contacting residues that bind cannabinol (CBD) in the NavMs channel. ACEA adopted a conformation remarkably similar to the crystallographic conformation of anandamide on a non-homologous protein, obstructing the Na+ permeation pathway below the selectivity filter to occupy a highly conserved binding pocket at the intracellular side. These results describe a mechanism of action, possibly involved in cannabinoid analgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Marchese-Rojas
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Physiology, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Mexico
| | - Ángel A Islas
- Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Estudios de Posgrado, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Mexico; Laboratory of Computational Molecular Simulations, Department of Pharmacy, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Mexico.
| | - Claudia Mancilla-Simbro
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Physiology, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Mexico
| | | | - Jorge S León
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Physiology, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Mexico
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9
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Pathological changes of the sural nerve in patients with familial episodic pain syndrome. Neurol Sci 2022; 43:5605-5614. [PMID: 35524925 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-022-06107-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Familial episodic pain syndrome type 3 (FEPS3) is an inherited disorder characterized by the early-childhood onset of severe episodic pain that primarily affects the distal extremities. As skin biopsy has revealed a reduction in intraepidermal nerve fiber density and degeneration of the unmyelinated axons, it remains unclear whether FEPS3 patients have pathological changes in the peripheral nerve. METHODS The clinical features of patients with FEPS3 were summarized in a large autosomal dominant family. Sural nerve biopsies were conducted in two patients. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed in the index patient. Sanger sequencing was used to analyze family co-segregation. RESULTS Fourteen members exhibited typical and uniform clinical phenotypes characterized by length-dependent and age-dependent severe episodic pain affecting the distal extremities, which can be relieved with anti-inflammatory medicine. The WES revealed a heterozygous mutation c.665G > A (p.R222H) in the SCN11A gene, which was co-segregated with the clinical phenotype in this family. A sural biopsy in patient V:1, who was experiencing episodic pain at 16 years old, showed normal structure, while the sural nerve in patient IV:1, whose pain attack had completely diminished at 42 years old, displayed a decrease of the density of unmyelinated axons with the axonal degeneration. CONCLUSIONS The clinical phenotype of FEPS3 showed distinctive characteristics that likely arise from dysfunctional nociceptive neurons that lack detectable pathological alterations in the nerve fibers. Nevertheless, long-term dysfunction of the Nav1.9 channel may cause degeneration of the unmyelinated fibers in FEPS3 patient with pain remission.
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Bailly F. The challenge of differentiating fibromyalgia from small-fiber neuropathy in clinical practice. Joint Bone Spine 2021; 88:105232. [PMID: 34082128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2021.105232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Fibromyalgia and small fibre neuropathy are two diseases leading to chronic widespread pain, and it is difficult to differentiate them in order to provide appropriate care. In this review, we will describe the pathophysiological and clinical differences between fibromyalgia and small fibre neuropathy. In fibromyalgia, pain is increased by dysregulation of central pain processing while small fibre neuropathy pain is related to loss or dysfunction of intraepidermal small nerve fibres. Higher pain intensity; stabbing pain and paraesthesia; allodynia; dry eyes/mouth; changed pattern or sweating on body; skin colour alterations/modifications; reduced hair/nail growth on lower extremities; warm or cold hypoesthesia could be more common in small fibre neuropathy whereas headache or temporo-mandibular disorder point toward fibromyalgia. Length-dependent distribution of pain is common in small fibre neuropathy but can also affect the whole body. Anxiety or depression are common in these two diseases, but post-traumatic stress disorder and physical or sexual abuse in childhood or adulthood suggest fibromyalgia. Inflammatory disease or musculoskeletal disease is frequently reported with fibromyalgia whereas metabolic disorders (especially diabetes mellitus), neurotoxic exposure, Sjogren's syndrome, sarcoidosis, HIV are the main diseases associated with small fibre neuropathy. Skin biopsy, quantitative sensory testing, laser evoked potentials, confocal corneal microscopy or electrochemical skin conductance can help to discriminate between fibromyalgia and small fibre neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Bailly
- Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière - Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Rheumatology department, Pain unit, 47-83, boulevard de l'hôpital, 75013 Paris, France.
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Loeffler CR, Tartaglione L, Friedemann M, Spielmeyer A, Kappenstein O, Bodi D. Ciguatera Mini Review: 21st Century Environmental Challenges and the Interdisciplinary Research Efforts Rising to Meet Them. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:3027. [PMID: 33804281 PMCID: PMC7999458 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Globally, the livelihoods of over a billion people are affected by changes to marine ecosystems, both structurally and systematically. Resources and ecosystem services, provided by the marine environment, contribute nutrition, income, and health benefits for communities. One threat to these securities is ciguatera poisoning; worldwide, the most commonly reported non-bacterial seafood-related illness. Ciguatera is caused by the consumption of (primarily) finfish contaminated with ciguatoxins, potent neurotoxins produced by benthic single-cell microalgae. When consumed, ciguatoxins are biotransformed and can bioaccumulate throughout the food-web via complex pathways. Ciguatera-derived food insecurity is particularly extreme for small island-nations, where fear of intoxication can lead to fishing restrictions by region, species, or size. Exacerbating these complexities are anthropogenic or natural changes occurring in global marine habitats, e.g., climate change, greenhouse-gas induced physical oceanic changes, overfishing, invasive species, and even the international seafood trade. Here we provide an overview of the challenges and opportunities of the 21st century regarding the many facets of ciguatera, including the complex nature of this illness, the biological/environmental factors affecting the causative organisms, their toxins, vectors, detection methods, human-health oriented responses, and ultimately an outlook towards the future. Ciguatera research efforts face many social and environmental challenges this century. However, several future-oriented goals are within reach, including digital solutions for seafood supply chains, identifying novel compounds and methods with the potential for advanced diagnostics, treatments, and prediction capabilities. The advances described herein provide confidence that the tools are now available to answer many of the remaining questions surrounding ciguatera and therefore protection measures can become more accurate and routine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R. Loeffler
- National Reference Laboratory of Marine Biotoxins, Department Safety in the Food Chain, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (A.S.); (O.K.); (D.B.)
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Luciana Tartaglione
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
- CoNISMa—National Inter-University Consortium for Marine Sciences, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196 Rome, Italy
| | - Miriam Friedemann
- Department Exposure, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Astrid Spielmeyer
- National Reference Laboratory of Marine Biotoxins, Department Safety in the Food Chain, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (A.S.); (O.K.); (D.B.)
| | - Oliver Kappenstein
- National Reference Laboratory of Marine Biotoxins, Department Safety in the Food Chain, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (A.S.); (O.K.); (D.B.)
| | - Dorina Bodi
- National Reference Laboratory of Marine Biotoxins, Department Safety in the Food Chain, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (A.S.); (O.K.); (D.B.)
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12
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Matsubara Y, Okuda H, Harada KH, Youssefian S, Koizumi A. Mechanical allodynia triggered by cold exposure in mice with the Scn11a p.R222S mutation: a novel model of drug therapy for neuropathic pain related to Na V1.9. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 394:299-306. [PMID: 32970203 PMCID: PMC7835175 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01978-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mutations within the SCN11A gene which encodes the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.9 mainly expressed in small fiber sensory neurons have been associated with neuropathic disorders; however, suitable medications have not been fully investigated. To develop drug therapies against NaV1.9-related neuropathic pain, we aimed to establish a novel model using mice carrying the Scn11a p.R222S mutation initially identified in patients with familial episodic limb pain that is characterized by paroxysmal pain induced by fatigue or bad weather conditions. We investigated the influence of cold exposure (4 °C, overnight) on the behavioral and biochemical phenotypes of Scn11a p.R222S mutant (R222S) and wild type C57BL/6N (WT) mice. We also tested the effects of acetaminophen (125, 250 mg/kg, perorally, p.o.) and traditional Japanese medicine, goshajinkigan (0.5 or 1.0 g/kg, p.o.), which are analgesic drugs prescribed to patients with neuropathic pain, in this model of cold-induced mechanical allodynia in R222S mice.Cold-exposed R222S mice exhibited enhanced mechanical allodynia and thermal hypersensitivity compared with WT mice. The decrease of the mechanical withdrawal threshold in R222S mice was reversible 24 h after housing at room temperature. There was no significant change in the levels of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, or interferon-γ in the plasma or spinal cords of WT and R222S mice after cold exposure. Both acetaminophen (250 mg/kg) and goshajinkigan (1.0 g/kg) significantly attenuated mechanical allodynia in R222S mice. The model of cold-induced mechanical allodynia in mice with the Scn11a p.R222S mutation is novel and useful for evaluating analgesic drugs for intractable neuropathies related to NaV1.9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Matsubara
- Tsumura Kampo Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Ibaraki, Japan.
- Laboratory of Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Hiroko Okuda
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kouji H Harada
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shohab Youssefian
- Laboratory of Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akio Koizumi
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Social Health Medicine Welfare Laboratory, Public Interest Incorporated Association Kyoto Hokenkai, Kyoto, Japan
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13
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Almomani R, Marchi M, Sopacua M, Lindsey P, Salvi E, de Koning B, Santoro S, Magri S, Smeets HJM, Martinelli Boneschi F, Malik RR, Ziegler D, Hoeijmakers JGJ, Bönhof G, Dib-Hajj S, Waxman SG, Merkies ISJ, Lauria G, Faber CG, Gerrits MM. Evaluation of molecular inversion probe versus TruSeq® custom methods for targeted next-generation sequencing. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238467. [PMID: 32877464 PMCID: PMC7467307 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Resolving the genetic architecture of painful neuropathy will lead to better disease management strategies. We aimed to develop a reliable method to re-sequence multiple genes in a large cohort of painful neuropathy patients at low cost. In this study, we compared sensitivity, specificity, targeting efficiency, performance and cost effectiveness of Molecular Inversion Probes-Next generation sequencing (MIPs-NGS) and TruSeq® Custom Amplicon-Next generation sequencing (TSCA-NGS). Capture probes were designed to target nine sodium channel genes (SCN3A, SCN8A-SCN11A, and SCN1B-SCN4B). One hundred sixty-six patients with diabetic and idiopathic neuropathy were tested by both methods, 70 patients were validated by Sanger sequencing. Sensitivity, specificity and performance of both techniques were comparable, and in agreement with Sanger sequencing. The average targeted regions coverage for MIPs-NGS was 97.3% versus 93.9% for TSCA-NGS. MIPs-NGS has a more versatile assay design and is more flexible than TSCA-NGS. The cost of MIPs-NGS is >5 times cheaper than TSCA-NGS when 500 or more samples are tested. In conclusion, MIPs-NGS is a reliable, flexible, and relatively inexpensive method to detect genetic variations in a large cohort of patients. In our centers, MIPs-NGS is currently implemented as a routine diagnostic tool for screening of sodium channel genes in painful neuropathy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowida Almomani
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Clinical Genomics Unit, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- MHeNs school of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Margherita Marchi
- Neuroalgology Units, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico “Carlo Besta” Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurice Sopacua
- MHeNs school of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick Lindsey
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Clinical Genomics Unit, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Erika Salvi
- Neuroalgology Units, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico “Carlo Besta” Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Bart de Koning
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Silvia Santoro
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Neurological Disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Magri
- Neuroalgology Units, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico “Carlo Besta” Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Hubert J. M. Smeets
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Clinical Genomics Unit, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- MHeNs school of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Filippo Martinelli Boneschi
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Neurological Disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Rayaz R. Malik
- Institute of Human Development, Centre for Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Manchester and Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Center, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Dan Ziegler
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Janneke G. J. Hoeijmakers
- MHeNs school of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Gidon Bönhof
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sulayman Dib-Hajj
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale, New Haven, United States of America
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale, New Haven, United States of America
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Stephen G. Waxman
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale, New Haven, United States of America
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale, New Haven, United States of America
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Ingemar S. J. Merkies
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, St Elisabeth Hospital, Willemstad, Curaçao
| | - Giuseppe Lauria
- Neuroalgology Units, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico “Carlo Besta” Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Catharina G. Faber
- MHeNs school of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Monique M. Gerrits
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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14
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Painful and painless mutations of SCN9A and SCN11A voltage-gated sodium channels. Pflugers Arch 2020; 472:865-880. [PMID: 32601768 PMCID: PMC7351857 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-020-02419-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chronic pain is a global problem affecting up to 20% of the world’s population and has a significant economic, social and personal cost to society. Sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) detect noxious stimuli and transmit this sensory information to regions of the central nervous system (CNS) where activity is perceived as pain. DRG neurons express multiple voltage-gated sodium channels that underlie their excitability. Research over the last 20 years has provided valuable insights into the critical roles that two channels, NaV1.7 and NaV1.9, play in pain signalling in man. Gain of function mutations in NaV1.7 cause painful conditions while loss of function mutations cause complete insensitivity to pain. Only gain of function mutations have been reported for NaV1.9. However, while most NaV1.9 mutations lead to painful conditions, a few are reported to cause insensitivity to pain. The critical roles these channels play in pain along with their low expression in the CNS and heart muscle suggest they are valid targets for novel analgesic drugs.
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15
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Alsaloum M, Estacion M, Almomani R, Gerrits MM, Bönhof GJ, Ziegler D, Malik R, Ferdousi M, Lauria G, Merkies IS, Faber CG, Dib-Hajj S, Waxman SG. A gain-of-function sodium channel β2-subunit mutation in painful diabetic neuropathy. Mol Pain 2020; 15:1744806919849802. [PMID: 31041876 PMCID: PMC6510061 DOI: 10.1177/1744806919849802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a global challenge with many diverse health sequelae, of which diabetic peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common. A substantial number of patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy develop chronic pain, but the genetic and epigenetic factors that predispose diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients to develop neuropathic pain are poorly understood. Recent targeted genetic studies have identified mutations in α-subunits of voltage-gated sodium channels (Navs) in patients with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Mutations in proteins that regulate trafficking or functional properties of Navs could expand the spectrum of patients with Nav-related peripheral neuropathies. The auxiliary sodium channel β-subunits (β1–4) have been reported to increase current density, alter inactivation kinetics, and modulate subcellular localization of Nav. Mutations in β-subunits have been associated with several diseases, including epilepsy, cancer, and diseases of the cardiac conducting system. However, mutations in β-subunits have never been shown previously to contribute to neuropathic pain. We report here a patient with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy and negative genetic screening for mutations in SCN9A, SCN10A, and SCN11A—genes encoding sodium channel α-subunit that have been previously linked to the development of neuropathic pain. Genetic analysis revealed an aspartic acid to asparagine mutation, D109N, in the β2-subunit. Functional analysis using current-clamp revealed that the β2-D109N rendered dorsal root ganglion neurons hyperexcitable, especially in response to repetitive stimulation. Underlying the hyperexcitability induced by the β2-subunit mutation, as evidenced by voltage-clamp analysis, we found a depolarizing shift in the voltage dependence of Nav1.7 fast inactivation and reduced use-dependent inhibition of the Nav1.7 channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Alsaloum
- 1 Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,2 Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, CT, USA.,3 Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mark Estacion
- 1 Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,2 Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rowida Almomani
- 4 Department of Clinical Genomics, University Medical Center Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,5 Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Monique M Gerrits
- 4 Department of Clinical Genomics, University Medical Center Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,6 Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Gidon J Bönhof
- 7 Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dan Ziegler
- 7 Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,1 8German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany.,9 Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rayaz Malik
- 10 Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar.,11 Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Maryam Ferdousi
- 11 Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Giuseppe Lauria
- 12 Neuroalgology Unit, IRCCS Foundation "Carlo Besta" Neurological Institute, Milan, Italy.,13 Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco," University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ingemar Sj Merkies
- 6 Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,14 Department of Neurology, St. Elisabeth Hospital, Willemstad, Curaçao
| | - Catharina G Faber
- 6 Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Sulayman Dib-Hajj
- 1 Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,2 Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stephen G Waxman
- 1 Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,2 Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, CT, USA
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17
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Sizova DV, Huang J, Akin EJ, Estacion M, Gomis-Perez C, Waxman SG, Dib-Hajj SD. A 49-residue sequence motif in the C terminus of Nav1.9 regulates trafficking of the channel to the plasma membrane. J Biol Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)49917-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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18
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Sizova DV, Huang J, Akin EJ, Estacion M, Gomis-Perez C, Waxman SG, Dib-Hajj SD. A 49-residue sequence motif in the C terminus of Nav1.9 regulates trafficking of the channel to the plasma membrane. J Biol Chem 2019; 295:1077-1090. [PMID: 31822564 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic and functional studies have confirmed an important role for the voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.9 in human pain disorders. However, low functional expression of Nav1.9 in heterologous systems (e.g. in human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells) has hampered studies of its biophysical and pharmacological properties and the development of high-throughput assays for drug development targeting this channel. The mechanistic basis for the low level of Nav1.9 currents in heterologous expression systems is not understood. Here, we implemented a multidisciplinary approach to investigate the mechanisms that govern functional Nav1.9 expression. Recombinant expression of a series of Nav1.9-Nav1.7 C-terminal chimeras in HEK293 cells identified a 49-amino-acid-long motif in the C terminus of the two channels that regulates expression levels of these chimeras. We confirmed the critical role of this motif in the context of a full-length channel chimera, Nav1.9-Ct49aaNav1.7, which displayed significantly increased current density in HEK293 cells while largely retaining the characteristic Nav1.9-gating properties. High-resolution live microscopy indicated that the newly identified C-terminal motif dramatically increases the number of channels on the plasma membrane of HEK293 cells. Molecular modeling results suggested that this motif is exposed on the cytoplasmic face of the folded C terminus, where it might interact with other channel partners. These findings reveal that a 49-residue-long motif in Nav1.9 regulates channel trafficking to the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria V Sizova
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.,Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut 06516
| | - Jianying Huang
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.,Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut 06516
| | - Elizabeth J Akin
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.,Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut 06516
| | - Mark Estacion
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.,Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut 06516
| | - Carolina Gomis-Perez
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.,Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut 06516
| | - Stephen G Waxman
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06510 .,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.,Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut 06516
| | - Sulayman D Dib-Hajj
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06510 .,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.,Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut 06516
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19
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Spider Knottin Pharmacology at Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels and Their Potential to Modulate Pain Pathways. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11110626. [PMID: 31671792 PMCID: PMC6891507 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11110626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channels (NaVs) are a key determinant of neuronal signalling. Neurotoxins from diverse taxa that selectively activate or inhibit NaV channels have helped unravel the role of NaV channels in diseases, including chronic pain. Spider venoms contain the most diverse array of inhibitor cystine knot (ICK) toxins (knottins). This review provides an overview on how spider knottins modulate NaV channels and describes the structural features and molecular determinants that influence their affinity and subtype selectivity. Genetic and functional evidence support a major involvement of NaV subtypes in various chronic pain conditions. The exquisite inhibitory properties of spider knottins over key NaV subtypes make them the best lead molecules for the development of novel analgesics to treat chronic pain.
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20
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Huang J, Estacion M, Zhao P, Dib-Hajj FB, Schulman B, Abicht A, Kurth I, Brockmann K, Waxman SG, Dib-Hajj SD. A Novel Gain-of-Function Nav1.9 Mutation in a Child With Episodic Pain. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:918. [PMID: 31551682 PMCID: PMC6733892 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.9 is a threshold channel that regulates action potential firing. Nav1.9 is preferentially expressed in myenteric neurons, and small-diameter dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and trigeminal ganglion neurons including nociceptors. Recent studies have demonstrated a monogenic Mendelian link of Nav1.9 to human pain disorders. Gain-of-function variants in Nav1.9, which cause smaller depolarizations of RMP, have been identified in patients with familial episodic pain type 3 (FEPS3) and the more common pain disorder small fiber neuropathy. To explore the phenotypic spectrum of Nav1.9 channelopathy, here we report a new Nav1.9 mutation, N816K, in a child with early-onset episodic pain in both legs, episodic abdominal pain, and chronic constipation. Sequencing of further selected pain genes was normal. N816K alters a residue at the N-terminus of loop 2, proximal to the cytoplasmic terminus of transmembrane segment 6 in domain II. Voltage-clamp recordings demonstrate that Nav1.9-N816K significantly increases current density and hyperpolarizes voltage-dependence of activation by 10 mV, enabling a larger window current. Current-clamp recordings in DRG neurons shows that N816K channels depolarize RMP of small DRG neurons by 7 mV, reduce current threshold of firing an action potential and render DRG neurons hyperexcitable. Taken together these data demonstrate gain-of-function attributes of the newly described N816K mutation at the channel and cellular levels, which are consistent with a pain phenotype in the carrier of this mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Huang
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Mark Estacion
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Fadia B Dib-Hajj
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Betsy Schulman
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Angela Abicht
- Medizinisch Genetisches Zentrum, Munich, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ingo Kurth
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Human Genetics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Knut Brockmann
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stephen G Waxman
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Sulayman D Dib-Hajj
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States
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21
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Abstract
Acute pain is adaptive, but chronic pain is a global challenge. Many chronic pain syndromes are peripheral in origin and reflect hyperactivity of peripheral pain-signaling neurons. Current treatments are ineffective or only partially effective and in some cases can be addictive, underscoring the need for better therapies. Molecular genetic studies have now linked multiple human pain disorders to voltage-gated sodium channels, including disorders characterized by insensitivity or reduced sensitivity to pain and others characterized by exaggerated pain in response to normally innocuous stimuli. Here, we review recent developments that have enhanced our understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms in human pain and advances in targeting sodium channels in peripheral neurons for the treatment of pain using novel and existing sodium channel blockers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulayman D Dib-Hajj
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA; .,Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs, Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, USA
| | - Stephen G Waxman
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA; .,Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs, Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, USA
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22
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Bennett DL, Clark AJ, Huang J, Waxman SG, Dib-Hajj SD. The Role of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels in Pain Signaling. Physiol Rev 2019; 99:1079-1151. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00052.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute pain signaling has a key protective role and is highly evolutionarily conserved. Chronic pain, however, is maladaptive, occurring as a consequence of injury and disease, and is associated with sensitization of the somatosensory nervous system. Primary sensory neurons are involved in both of these processes, and the recent advances in understanding sensory transduction and human genetics are the focus of this review. Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) are important determinants of sensory neuron excitability: they are essential for the initial transduction of sensory stimuli, the electrogenesis of the action potential, and neurotransmitter release from sensory neuron terminals. Nav1.1, Nav1.6, Nav1.7, Nav1.8, and Nav1.9 are all expressed by adult sensory neurons. The biophysical characteristics of these channels, as well as their unique expression patterns within subtypes of sensory neurons, define their functional role in pain signaling. Changes in the expression of VGSCs, as well as posttranslational modifications, contribute to the sensitization of sensory neurons in chronic pain states. Furthermore, gene variants in Nav1.7, Nav1.8, and Nav1.9 have now been linked to human Mendelian pain disorders and more recently to common pain disorders such as small-fiber neuropathy. Chronic pain affects one in five of the general population. Given the poor efficacy of current analgesics, the selective expression of particular VGSCs in sensory neurons makes these attractive targets for drug discovery. The increasing availability of gene sequencing, combined with structural modeling and electrophysiological analysis of gene variants, also provides the opportunity to better target existing therapies in a personalized manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L. Bennett
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Alex J. Clark
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jianying Huang
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Stephen G. Waxman
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Sulayman D. Dib-Hajj
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
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23
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Eijkenboom I, Sopacua M, Hoeijmakers JGJ, de Greef BTA, Lindsey P, Almomani R, Marchi M, Vanoevelen J, Smeets HJM, Waxman SG, Lauria G, Merkies ISJ, Faber CG, Gerrits MM. Yield of peripheral sodium channels gene screening in pure small fibre neuropathy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2019; 90:342-352. [PMID: 30554136 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2018-319042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain is common in peripheral neuropathy. Recent genetic studies have linked pathogenic voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) variants to human pain disorders. Our aims are to determine the frequency of SCN9A, SCN10A and SCN11A variants in patients with pure small fibre neuropathy (SFN), analyse their clinical features and provide a rationale for genetic screening. METHODS Between September 2009 and January 2017, 1139 patients diagnosed with pure SFN at our reference centre were screened for SCN9A, SCN10A and SCN11A variants. Pathogenicity of variants was classified according to established guidelines of the Association for Clinical Genetic Science and frequencies were determined. Patients with SFN were grouped according to the VGSC variants detected, and clinical features were compared. RESULTS Among 1139 patients with SFN, 132 (11.6%) patients harboured 73 different (potentially) pathogenic VGSC variants, of which 50 were novel and 22 were found in ≥ 1 patient. The frequency of (potentially) pathogenic variants was 5.1% (n=58/1139) for SCN9A, 3.7% (n=42/1139) for SCN10A and 2.9% (n=33/1139) for SCN11A. Only erythromelalgia-like symptoms and warmth-induced pain were significantly more common in patients harbouring VGSC variants. CONCLUSION (Potentially) pathogenic VGSC variants are present in 11.6% of patients with pure SFN. Therefore, genetic screening of SCN9A, SCN10A and SCN11A should be considered in patients with pure SFN, independently of clinical features or underlying conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Eijkenboom
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Clinical Genomics Unit, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,MHeNs School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Maurice Sopacua
- MHeNs School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Janneke G J Hoeijmakers
- MHeNs School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bianca T A de Greef
- MHeNs School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Lindsey
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Clinical Genomics Unit, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rowida Almomani
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Clinical Genomics Unit, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,MHeNs School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Margherita Marchi
- Neuroalgology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Jo Vanoevelen
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Clinical Genomics Unit, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hubertus J M Smeets
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Clinical Genomics Unit, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,MHeNs School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen G Waxman
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Centre for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Giuseppe Lauria
- Neuroalgology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ingemar S J Merkies
- MHeNs School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, St. Elisabeth Hospital, Willemstad, Curaçao
| | - Catharina G Faber
- MHeNs School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Monique M Gerrits
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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24
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Eijkenboom I, Sopacua M, Otten AB, Gerrits MM, Hoeijmakers JG, Waxman SG, Lombardi R, Lauria G, Merkies IS, Smeets HJ, Faber CG, Vanoevelen JM. Expression of pathogenic SCN9A mutations in the zebrafish: A model to study small-fiber neuropathy. Exp Neurol 2019; 311:257-264. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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25
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Familial episodic limb pain in kindreds with novel Nav1.9 mutations. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208516. [PMID: 30557356 PMCID: PMC6296736 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously performed genetic analysis in six unrelated families with infantile limb pain episodes, characterized by cold-induced deterioration and mitigation in adolescence, and reported two new mutations p.R222H/S in SCN11A responsible for these episodes. As no term described this syndrome (familial episodic pain: FEP) in Japanese, we named it as”小児四肢疼痛発作症”. In the current study, we recruited an additional 42 new unrelated Japanese FEP families, between March 2016 and March 2018, and identified a total of 11 mutations in SCN11A: p.R222H in seven families, and p.R225C, p.F814C, p.F1146S, or p.V1184A, in independent families. A founder mutation, SCN11A p.R222H was confirmed to be frequently observed in patients with FEP in the Tohoku region of Japan. We also identified two novel missense variants of SCN11A, p.F814C and p.F1146S. To evaluate the effects of these latter two mutations, we generated knock-in mouse models harboring p.F802C (F802C) and p.F1125S (F1125S), orthologues of the human p.F814C and p.F1146S, respectively. We then performed electrophysiological investigations using dorsal root ganglion neurons dissected from the 6–8 week-old mice. Dissected neurons of F802C and F1125S mice showed increased resting membrane potentials and firing frequency of the action potentials (APs) by high input–current stimulus compared with WT mice. Furthermore, the firing probability of evoked APs increased in low stimulus input in F1125S mice, whereas several AP parameters and current threshold did not differ significantly between either of the mutations and WT mice. These results suggest a higher level of excitability in the F802C or F1125S mice than in WT, and indicate that these novel mutations are gain of function mutations. It can be expected that a considerable number of potential patients with FEP may be the result of gain of function SCN11A mutations.
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26
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27
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Adi T, Estacion M, Schulman BR, Vernino S, Dib-Hajj SD, Waxman SG. A novel gain-of-function Na v1.7 mutation in a carbamazepine-responsive patient with adult-onset painful peripheral neuropathy. Mol Pain 2018; 14:1744806918815007. [PMID: 30392441 PMCID: PMC6856981 DOI: 10.1177/1744806918815007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.7 is a threshold channel in
peripheral dorsal root ganglion (DRG), trigeminal ganglion, and sympathetic
ganglion neurons. Gain-of-function mutations in Nav1.7 have been
shown to increase excitability in DRG neurons and have been linked to rare
Mendelian and more common pain disorders. Discovery of Nav1.7
variants in patients with pain disorders may expand the spectrum of painful
peripheral neuropathies associated with a well-defined molecular target, thereby
providing a basis for more targeted approaches for treatment. We screened the
genome of a patient with adult-onset painful peripheral neuropathy characterized
by severe burning pain and report here the new Nav1.7-V810M variant.
Voltage-clamp recordings were used to assess the effects of the mutation on
biophysical properties of Nav1.7 and the response of the mutant
channel to treatment with carbamazepine (CBZ), and multi-electrode array (MEA)
recordings were used to assess the effects of the mutation on the excitability
of neonatal rat pup DRG neurons. The V810M variant increases current density,
shifts activation in a hyperpolarizing direction, and slows kinetics of
deactivation, all gain-of-function attributes. We also show that DRG neurons
that express the V810M variant become hyperexcitable. The patient responded to
treatment with CBZ. Although CBZ did not depolarize activation of the mutant
channel, it enhanced use-dependent inhibition. Our results demonstrate the
presence of a novel gain-of-function variant of Nav1.7 in a patient
with adult-onset painful peripheral neuropathy and the responsiveness of that
patient to treatment with CBZ, which is likely due to the classical mechanism of
use-dependent inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talia Adi
- 1 Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,2 Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mark Estacion
- 1 Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,2 Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Betsy R Schulman
- 1 Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,2 Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Steven Vernino
- 3 Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sulayman D Dib-Hajj
- 1 Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,2 Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stephen G Waxman
- 1 Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,2 Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, CT, USA
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28
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Gonçalves TC, Benoit E, Partiseti M, Servent D. The Na V1.7 Channel Subtype as an Antinociceptive Target for Spider Toxins in Adult Dorsal Root Ganglia Neurons. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1000. [PMID: 30233376 PMCID: PMC6131673 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although necessary for human survival, pain may sometimes become pathologic if long-lasting and associated with alterations in its signaling pathway. Opioid painkillers are officially used to treat moderate to severe, and even mild, pain. However, the consequent strong and not so rare complications that occur, including addiction and overdose, combined with pain management costs, remain an important societal and economic concern. In this context, animal venom toxins represent an original source of antinociceptive peptides that mainly target ion channels (such as ASICs as well as TRP, CaV, KV and NaV channels) involved in pain transmission. The present review aims to highlight the NaV1.7 channel subtype as an antinociceptive target for spider toxins in adult dorsal root ganglia neurons. It will detail (i) the characteristics of these primary sensory neurons, the first ones in contact with pain stimulus and conveying the nociceptive message, (ii) the electrophysiological properties of the different NaV channel subtypes expressed in these neurons, with a particular attention on the NaV1.7 subtype, an antinociceptive target of choice that has been validated by human genetic evidence, and (iii) the features of spider venom toxins, shaped of inhibitory cysteine knot motif, that present high affinity for the NaV1.7 subtype associated with evidenced analgesic efficacy in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia C Gonçalves
- Sanofi R&D, Integrated Drug Discovery - High Content Biology, Paris, France.,Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire des Protéines, CEA de Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Evelyne Benoit
- Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire des Protéines, CEA de Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, UMR CNRS/Université Paris-Sud 9197, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Michel Partiseti
- Sanofi R&D, Integrated Drug Discovery - High Content Biology, Paris, France
| | - Denis Servent
- Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire des Protéines, CEA de Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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29
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Erickson A, Deiteren A, Harrington AM, Garcia‐Caraballo S, Castro J, Caldwell A, Grundy L, Brierley SM. Voltage-gated sodium channels: (Na V )igating the field to determine their contribution to visceral nociception. J Physiol 2018; 596:785-807. [PMID: 29318638 PMCID: PMC5830430 DOI: 10.1113/jp273461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic visceral pain, altered motility and bladder dysfunction are common, yet poorly managed symptoms of functional and inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal and urinary tracts. Recently, numerous human channelopathies of the voltage-gated sodium (NaV ) channel family have been identified, which induce either painful neuropathies, an insensitivity to pain, or alterations in smooth muscle function. The identification of these disorders, in addition to the recent utilisation of genetically modified NaV mice and specific NaV channel modulators, has shed new light on how NaV channels contribute to the function of neuronal and non-neuronal tissues within the gastrointestinal tract and bladder. Here we review the current pre-clinical and clinical evidence to reveal how the nine NaV channel family members (NaV 1.1-NaV 1.9) contribute to abdominal visceral function in normal and disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andelain Erickson
- Visceral Pain Research Group, Human Physiology, Centre for Neuroscience, College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth Australia5042Australia
- Centre for Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Discipline of Medicine, University of AdelaideSouth Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI)North TerraceAdelaideSouth Australia 5000Australia
| | - Annemie Deiteren
- Visceral Pain Research Group, Human Physiology, Centre for Neuroscience, College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth Australia5042Australia
- Centre for Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Discipline of Medicine, University of AdelaideSouth Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI)North TerraceAdelaideSouth Australia 5000Australia
| | - Andrea M. Harrington
- Visceral Pain Research Group, Human Physiology, Centre for Neuroscience, College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth Australia5042Australia
- Centre for Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Discipline of Medicine, University of AdelaideSouth Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI)North TerraceAdelaideSouth Australia 5000Australia
| | - Sonia Garcia‐Caraballo
- Visceral Pain Research Group, Human Physiology, Centre for Neuroscience, College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth Australia5042Australia
- Centre for Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Discipline of Medicine, University of AdelaideSouth Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI)North TerraceAdelaideSouth Australia 5000Australia
| | - Joel Castro
- Visceral Pain Research Group, Human Physiology, Centre for Neuroscience, College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth Australia5042Australia
- Centre for Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Discipline of Medicine, University of AdelaideSouth Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI)North TerraceAdelaideSouth Australia 5000Australia
| | - Ashlee Caldwell
- Visceral Pain Research Group, Human Physiology, Centre for Neuroscience, College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth Australia5042Australia
- Centre for Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Discipline of Medicine, University of AdelaideSouth Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI)North TerraceAdelaideSouth Australia 5000Australia
| | - Luke Grundy
- Visceral Pain Research Group, Human Physiology, Centre for Neuroscience, College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth Australia5042Australia
- Centre for Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Discipline of Medicine, University of AdelaideSouth Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI)North TerraceAdelaideSouth Australia 5000Australia
| | - Stuart M. Brierley
- Visceral Pain Research Group, Human Physiology, Centre for Neuroscience, College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth Australia5042Australia
- Centre for Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Discipline of Medicine, University of AdelaideSouth Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI)North TerraceAdelaideSouth Australia 5000Australia
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30
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Zorina-Lichtenwalter K, Parisien M, Diatchenko L. Genetic studies of human neuropathic pain conditions: a review. Pain 2018; 159:583-594. [PMID: 29240606 PMCID: PMC5828382 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown associations between genetic variants and neuropathic pain disorders. Rare monogenic disorders are caused by mutations of substantial effect size in a single gene, whereas common disorders are likely to have a contribution from multiple genetic variants of mild effect size, representing different biological pathways. In this review, we survey the reported genetic contributors to neuropathic pain and submit them for validation in a 150,000-participant sample of the U.K. Biobank cohort. Successfully replicated association with a neuropathic pain construct for 2 variants in IL10 underscores the importance of neuroimmune interactions, whereas genome-wide significant association with low back pain (P = 1.3e-8) and false discovery rate 5% significant associations with hip, knee, and neck pain for variant rs7734804 upstream of the MAT2B gene provide evidence of shared contributing mechanisms to overlapping pain conditions at the molecular genetic level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc Parisien
- Alan Edwards Pain Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Luda Diatchenko
- Alan Edwards Pain Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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31
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Wu Y, Ma H, Zhang F, Zhang C, Zou X, Cao Z. Selective Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Peptide Toxins from Animal Venom: Pharmacological Probes and Analgesic Drug Development. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:187-197. [PMID: 29161016 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channels (Navs) play critical roles in action potential generation and propagation. Nav channelopathy as well as pathological sensitization contribute to allodynia and hyperalgesia. Recent evidence has demonstrated the significant roles of Nav subtypes (Nav1.3, 1.7, 1.8, and 1.9) in nociceptive transduction, and therefore these Navs may represent attractive targets for analgesic drug discovery. Animal toxins are structurally diverse peptides that are highly potent yet selective on ion channel subtypes and therefore represent valuable probes to elucidate the structures, gating properties, and cellular functions of ion channels. In this review, we summarize recent advances on peptide toxins from animal venom that selectively target Nav1.3, 1.7, 1.8, and 1.9, along with their potential in analgesic drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation
and Translational Development, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Hui Ma
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation
and Translational Development, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation
and Translational Development, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Chunlei Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation
and Translational Development, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xiaohan Zou
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation
and Translational Development, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Zhengyu Cao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation
and Translational Development, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
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Martin C, Stoffer C, Mohammadi M, Hugo J, Leipold E, Oehler B, Rittner HL, Blum R. Na V1.9 Potentiates Oxidized Phospholipid-Induced TRP Responses Only under Inflammatory Conditions. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:7. [PMID: 29410612 PMCID: PMC5787077 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidized phospholipids (OxPL) like oxidized 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (OxPAPC) were recently identified as novel proalgesic targets in acute and chronic inflammatory pain. These endogenous chemical irritants are generated in inflamed tissue and mediate their pain-inducing function by activating the transient receptor potential channels TRPA1 and TRPV1 expressed in sensory neurons. Notably, prototypical therapeutics interfering with OxPL were shown to inhibit TRP channel activation and pain behavior. Here, we asked how OxPL excite primary sensory neurons of dorsal root ganglia (DRG neurons from mice of either sex). Acute stimulation of sensory neurons with the prototypical OxPL 1-palmitoyl-2-glutaryl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PGPC) evoked repetitive calcium spikes in small-diameter neurons. As NaV1.9, a voltage-gated sodium channel involved in nociceptor excitability, was previously shown to be essential for the generation of calcium spikes in motoneurons, we asked if this channel is also important for OxPL mediated calcium spike and action potential generation in nociceptors. In wild-type and NaV1.9-deficient neurons, the action potential firing rate and the calcium spike frequency to an acute PGPC stimulus was similar. When preincubated with inflammatory mediators, both, the action potential firing rate and the calcium spike frequency were markedly increased in response to an acute PGPC stimulus. However, this potentiating effect was completely lost in NaV1.9-deficient small-diameter neurons. After treatment with inflammatory mediators, the resting membrane potential of NaV1.9 KO neurons was slightly more negative than that of wild-type control neurons. This suggests that NaV1.9 channels are active under this condition and therefore increases the ease with which action potentials are elicited after OxPL stimulation. In summary, our data suggest that NaV1.9 has a switch function to potentiate the receptor potentials induced by OxPL under inflammatory conditions. Since human NaV1.9 has been shown to mediate painful and painless channelopathies, this study provides new insights into the mechanism by which NaV1.9 amplifies stimuli of endogenous irritants under inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Martin
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital Würzburg, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Carolin Stoffer
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital Würzburg, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Milad Mohammadi
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital Würzburg, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julian Hugo
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital Würzburg, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Enrico Leipold
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Friedrich Schiller University Jena and Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Beatrice Oehler
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Heike L Rittner
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Robert Blum
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital Würzburg, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Zhou X, Xiao Z, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Tang D, Wu X, Tang C, Chen M, Shi X, Chen P, Liang S, Liu Z. Electrophysiological and Pharmacological Analyses of Na v1.9 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel by Establishing a Heterologous Expression System. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:852. [PMID: 29213238 PMCID: PMC5702848 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nav1. 9 voltage-gated sodium channel is preferentially expressed in peripheral nociceptive neurons. Recent progresses have proved its role in pain sensation, but our understanding of Nav1.9, in general, has lagged behind because of limitations in heterologous expression in mammal cells. In this work, functional expression of human Nav1.9 (hNav1.9) was achieved by fusing GFP to the C-terminal of hNav1.9 in ND7/23 cells, which has been proved to be a reliable method to the electrophysiological and pharmacological studies of hNav1.9. By using the hNav1.9 expression system, we investigated the electrophysiological properties of four mutations of hNav1.9 (K419N, A582T, A842P, and F1689L), whose electrophysiological functions have not been determined yet. The four mutations significantly caused positive shift of the steady-state fast inactivation and therefore increased hNav1.9 activity, consistent with the phenotype of painful peripheral neuropathy. Meanwhile, the effects of inflammatory mediators on hNav1.9 were also investigated. Impressively, histamine was found for the first time to enhance hNav1.9 activity, indicating its vital role in hNav1.9 modulating inflammatory pain. Taken together, our research provided a useful platform for hNav1.9 studies and new insight into mechanism of hNav1.9 linking to pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhou
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhen Xiao
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Xu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yunxiao Zhang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Dongfang Tang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinzhou Wu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Minzhi Chen
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoliu Shi
- Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Research, Department of Medical Genetics, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ping Chen
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Songping Liang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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Sun B, Li Y, Liu L, Chen Z, Ling L, Yang F, Liu J, Liu H, Huang X. SFN-SIQ, SFNSL and skin biopsy of 55 cases with small fibre involvement. Int J Neurosci 2017; 128:442-448. [PMID: 29077516 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2017.1398152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose/aim of the study: To date, there are no validated screening scales for small fibre neuropathy. This study investigated the small-fibre neuropathy and the symptom inventory questionnaire as well as the small fibre neuropathy screening list for small fibre neuropathy diagnosis. METHODS Fifty-five patients were divided into small fibre neuropathy and mixed fibre damage groups. Relevant scales, nerve conduction studies and skin biopsies were performed. Relationships between the intraepidermal nerve fibre density and different scales as well as the diagnostic and cut-off values (score at which Youden's index is largest) were determined. RESULTS Compared with healthy Chinese participants, 20 patients were diagnosed with small fibre neuropathy. Intraepidermal nerve fibre density was moderately and highly correlated with the small fibre neuropathy-symptom inventory questionnaire and small fibre neuropathy screening list, respectively. The diagnostic values were moderate and high for the small fibre neuropathy-symptom inventory questionnaire (cut-off value = 5, sensitivity = 80%, specificity = 81.8%) and small fibre neuropathy screening list (cut-off value = 8, sensitivity = 94.1%, specificity = 90.9%), respectively. There were no significant differences in the visual analogue scale between the small fibre neuropathy group, mixed small and large fibre neuropathy group, pure large fibre neuropathy group and the normal group. CONCLUSION Small fibre neuropathy-symptom inventory questionnaire and small fibre neuropathy screening list represent potential small fibre neuropathy screening tools. Abbreviations EMG electromyography ENA anti-extractable nuclear antigens ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate IENFD intraepidermal nerve fibre density IGT impaired glucose tolerance NCS nerve conduction studies NDS neuropathy disability score OGTT oral glucose tolerance test PGP protein gene product PN peripheral neuropathy ROC receiver operating characteristic curve ROC-AUC area under the ROC curve SFN small fibre neuropathy SFN-SIQ small-fibre neuropathy and symptom inventory questionnaire SFNSL small fibre neuropathy screening list VAS visual analogue scale WHO World Health Organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Sun
- a Department of Neurology , Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing , China
| | - Yifan Li
- a Department of Neurology , Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing , China
| | - Lizhi Liu
- a Department of Neurology , Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing , China
| | - Zhaohui Chen
- a Department of Neurology , Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing , China
| | - Li Ling
- a Department of Neurology , Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing , China
| | - Fei Yang
- a Department of Neurology , Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing , China
| | - Jiexiao Liu
- a Department of Neurology , Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing , China
| | - Hong Liu
- a Department of Neurology , Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing , China
| | - Xusheng Huang
- a Department of Neurology , Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing , China
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Terkelsen AJ, Karlsson P, Lauria G, Freeman R, Finnerup NB, Jensen TS. The diagnostic challenge of small fibre neuropathy: clinical presentations, evaluations, and causes. Lancet Neurol 2017; 16:934-944. [DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(17)30329-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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37
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Sun J, Duan G, Li N, Guo S, Zhang Y, Ying Y, Zhang M, Wang Q, Liu JY, Zhang X. SCN11A variants may influence postoperative pain sensitivity after gynecological surgery in Chinese Han female patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8149. [PMID: 28953656 PMCID: PMC5626299 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Nav1.9, encoded by sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 11 (SCN11A), is one of the main sodium channels involved in pain transmission. Dysfunction of Nav1.9 alters pain sensitivity, resulting in insensitivity to pain or familial episodic pain. Our purpose was to explore the effects of SCN11A single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on postoperative pain sensitivity in Chinese Han female patients after gynecological surgery.Here, we combined the methods of tag SNPs and candidate SNPs. The associations between eleven SCN11A SNPs and basic pain sensitivity in female healthy volunteers were analyzed using the Plink software. The SNPs associated with basic pain sensitivity were termed positive SCN11A SNPs. The effect of these positive SNPs on postoperative pain sensitivity was explored in patients undergoing elective gynecological laparoscopic surgery and receiving postoperative patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). We assessed pain intensity using the numeric pain rating scale (NRS) and recorded PCA consumption.Our results suggested that 5 SNPs (rs33985936, rs13080116, rs11720988, rs11709492, and rs11720013) in 11 tag and candidate SNPs were associated with basic pain sensitivity (P < .05). No evident association was found between the 5 positive SNPs and NRS (P > .05). However, among these positive SNPs, the minor alleles of rs33985936 and rs13080116 were significantly associated with increased PCA consumption (P < .01).To our knowledge, this is the first study to report that SCN11A SNPs affect postoperative pain sensitivity in Chinese Han women after gynecological surgery. The SNP rs33985936 and rs13080116 may serve as novel predictors for postoperative pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoli Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan
| | - Guangyou Duan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing
| | - Ningbo Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan
| | - Shanna Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai
| | - Ying Ying
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan
| | - Mi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan
| | - Qingli Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military
| | - Jing Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianwei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan
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38
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Balbi P, Massobrio P, Hellgren Kotaleski J. A single Markov-type kinetic model accounting for the macroscopic currents of all human voltage-gated sodium channel isoforms. PLoS Comput Biol 2017; 13:e1005737. [PMID: 28863150 PMCID: PMC5599066 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Modelling ionic channels represents a fundamental step towards developing biologically detailed neuron models. Until recently, the voltage-gated ion channels have been mainly modelled according to the formalism introduced by the seminal works of Hodgkin and Huxley (HH). However, following the continuing achievements in the biophysical and molecular comprehension of these pore-forming transmembrane proteins, the HH formalism turned out to carry limitations and inconsistencies in reproducing the ion-channels electrophysiological behaviour. At the same time, Markov-type kinetic models have been increasingly proven to successfully replicate both the electrophysiological and biophysical features of different ion channels. However, in order to model even the finest non-conducting molecular conformational change, they are often equipped with a considerable number of states and related transitions, which make them computationally heavy and less suitable for implementation in conductance-based neurons and large networks of those. In this purely modelling study we develop a Markov-type kinetic model for all human voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs). The model framework is detailed, unifying (i.e., it accounts for all ion-channel isoforms) and computationally efficient (i.e. with a minimal set of states and transitions). The electrophysiological data to be modelled are gathered from previously published studies on whole-cell patch-clamp experiments in mammalian cell lines heterologously expressing the human VGSC subtypes (from NaV1.1 to NaV1.9). By adopting a minimum sequence of states, and using the same state diagram for all the distinct isoforms, the model ensures the lightest computational load when used in neuron models and neural networks of increasing complexity. The transitions between the states are described by original ordinary differential equations, which represent the rate of the state transitions as a function of voltage (i.e., membrane potential). The kinetic model, developed in the NEURON simulation environment, appears to be the simplest and most parsimonious way for a detailed phenomenological description of the human VGSCs electrophysiological behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Balbi
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Scientific Institute of Pavia via Boezio IRCCS, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Massobrio
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and System Engineering (DIBRIS), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Jeanette Hellgren Kotaleski
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Computational Science and Technology, School of Computer Science and Communication, KTH The Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
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39
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Nav1.7-A1632G Mutation from a Family with Inherited Erythromelalgia: Enhanced Firing of Dorsal Root Ganglia Neurons Evoked by Thermal Stimuli. J Neurosci 2017; 36:7511-22. [PMID: 27413160 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0462-16.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.7 is a central player in human pain. Mutations in Nav1.7 produce several pain syndromes, including inherited erythromelalgia (IEM), a disorder in which gain-of-function mutations render dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons hyperexcitable. Although patients with IEM suffer from episodes of intense burning pain triggered by warmth, the effects of increased temperature on DRG neurons expressing mutant Nav1.7 channels have not been well documented. Here, using structural modeling, voltage-clamp, current-clamp, and multielectrode array recordings, we have studied a newly identified Nav1.7 mutation, Ala1632Gly, from a multigeneration family with IEM. Structural modeling suggests that Ala1632 is a molecular hinge and that the Ala1632Gly mutation may affect channel gating. Voltage-clamp recordings revealed that the Nav1.7-A1632G mutation hyperpolarizes activation and depolarizes fast-inactivation, both gain-of-function attributes at the channel level. Whole-cell current-clamp recordings demonstrated increased spontaneous firing, lower current threshold, and enhanced evoked firing in rat DRG neurons expressing Nav1.7-A1632G mutant channels. Multielectrode array recordings further revealed that intact rat DRG neurons expressing Nav1.7-A1632G mutant channels are more active than those expressing Nav1.7 WT channels. We also showed that physiologically relevant thermal stimuli markedly increase the mean firing frequencies and the number of active rat DRG neurons expressing Nav1.7-A1632G mutant channels, whereas the same thermal stimuli only increase these parameters slightly in rat DRG neurons expressing Nav1.7 WT channels. The response of DRG neurons expressing Nav1.7-A1632G mutant channels upon increase in temperature suggests a cellular basis for warmth-triggered pain in IEM. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Inherited erythromelalgia (IEM), a severe pain syndrome characterized by episodes of intense burning pain triggered by warmth, is caused by mutations in sodium channel Nav1.7, which are preferentially expressed in sensory and sympathetic neurons. More than 20 gain-of-function Nav1.7 mutations have been identified from IEM patients, but the question of how warmth triggers episodes of pain in IEM has not been well addressed. Combining multielectrode array, voltage-clamp, and current-clamp recordings, we assessed a newly identified IEM mutation (Nav1.7-A1632G) from a multigeneration family. Our data demonstrate gain-of-function attributes at the channel level and differential effects of physiologically relevant thermal stimuli on the excitability of DRG neurons expressing mutant and WT Nav1.7 channels, suggesting a cellular mechanism for warmth-triggered pain episodes in IEM patients.
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40
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Huang J, Vanoye CG, Cutts A, Goldberg YP, Dib-Hajj SD, Cohen CJ, Waxman SG, George AL. Sodium channel NaV1.9 mutations associated with insensitivity to pain dampen neuronal excitability. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:2805-2814. [PMID: 28530638 DOI: 10.1172/jci92373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channel (NaV) mutations cause genetic pain disorders that range from severe paroxysmal pain to a congenital inability to sense pain. Previous studies on NaV1.7 and NaV1.8 established clear relationships between perturbations in channel function and divergent clinical phenotypes. By contrast, studies of NaV1.9 mutations have not revealed a clear relationship of channel dysfunction with the associated and contrasting clinical phenotypes. Here, we have elucidated the functional consequences of a NaV1.9 mutation (L1302F) that is associated with insensitivity to pain. We investigated the effects of L1302F and a previously reported mutation (L811P) on neuronal excitability. In transfected heterologous cells, the L1302F mutation caused a large hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage-dependence of activation, leading to substantially enhanced overlap between activation and steady-state inactivation relationships. In transfected small rat dorsal root ganglion neurons, expression of L1302F and L811P evoked large depolarizations of the resting membrane potential and impaired action potential generation. Therefore, our findings implicate a cellular loss of function as the basis for impaired pain sensation. We further demonstrated that a U-shaped relationship between the resting potential and the neuronal action potential threshold explains why NaV1.9 mutations that evoke small degrees of membrane depolarization cause hyperexcitability and familial episodic pain disorder or painful neuropathy, while mutations evoking larger membrane depolarizations cause hypoexcitability and insensitivity to pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Huang
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine; and Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Administration Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Carlos G Vanoye
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alison Cutts
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Sulayman D Dib-Hajj
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine; and Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Administration Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Stephen G Waxman
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine; and Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Administration Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Alfred L George
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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41
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Ransdell JL, Dranoff E, Lau B, Lo WL, Donermeyer DL, Allen PM, Nerbonne JM. Loss of Navβ4-Mediated Regulation of Sodium Currents in Adult Purkinje Neurons Disrupts Firing and Impairs Motor Coordination and Balance. Cell Rep 2017; 19:532-544. [PMID: 28423317 PMCID: PMC5473293 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The resurgent component of voltage-gated Na+ (Nav) currents, INaR, has been suggested to provide the depolarizing drive for high-frequency firing and to be generated by voltage-dependent Nav channel block (at depolarized potentials) and unblock (at hyperpolarized potentials) by the accessory Navβ4 subunit. To test these hypotheses, we examined the effects of the targeted deletion of Scn4b (Navβ4) on INaR and on repetitive firing in cerebellar Purkinje neurons. We show here that Scn4b-/- animals have deficits in motor coordination and balance and that firing rates in Scn4b-/- Purkinje neurons are markedly attenuated. Acute, in vivo short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated "knockdown" of Navβ4 in adult Purkinje neurons also reduced spontaneous and evoked firing rates. Dynamic clamp-mediated addition of INaR partially rescued firing in Scn4b-/- Purkinje neurons. Voltage-clamp experiments revealed that INaR was reduced (by ∼50%), but not eliminated, in Scn4b-/- Purkinje neurons, revealing that additional mechanisms contribute to generation of INaR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Ransdell
- Departments of Developmental Biology and Internal Medicine , Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Edward Dranoff
- Departments of Developmental Biology and Internal Medicine , Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Brandon Lau
- Departments of Developmental Biology and Internal Medicine , Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Wan-Lin Lo
- Department of Pathology and Immunology , Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - David L Donermeyer
- Department of Pathology and Immunology , Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Paul M Allen
- Department of Pathology and Immunology , Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jeanne M Nerbonne
- Departments of Developmental Biology and Internal Medicine , Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Tanaka BS, Nguyen PT, Zhou EY, Yang Y, Yarov-Yarovoy V, Dib-Hajj SD, Waxman SG. Gain-of-function mutation of a voltage-gated sodium channel Na V1.7 associated with peripheral pain and impaired limb development. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:9262-9272. [PMID: 28381558 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.778779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Dominant mutations in voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.7 cause inherited erythromelalgia, a debilitating pain disorder characterized by severe burning pain and redness of the distal extremities. NaV1.7 is preferentially expressed within peripheral sensory and sympathetic neurons. Here, we describe a novel NaV1.7 mutation in an 11-year-old male with underdevelopment of the limbs, recurrent attacks of burning pain with erythema, and swelling in his feet and hands. Frequency and duration of the episodes gradually increased with age, and relief by cooling became less effective. The patient's sister had short stature and reported similar complaints of erythema and burning pain, but with less intensity. Genetic analysis revealed a novel missense mutation in NaV1.7 (2567G>C; p.Gly856Arg) in both siblings. The G856R mutation, located within the DII/S4-S5 linker of the channel, substitutes a highly conserved non-polar glycine by a positively charged arginine. Voltage-clamp analysis of G856R currents revealed that the mutation hyperpolarized (-11.2 mV) voltage dependence of activation and slowed deactivation but did not affect fast inactivation, compared with wild-type channels. A mutation of Gly-856 to aspartic acid was previously found in a family with limb pain and limb underdevelopment, and its functional assessment showed hyperpolarized activation, depolarized fast inactivation, and increased ramp current. Structural modeling using the Rosetta computational modeling suite provided structural clues to the divergent effects of the substitution of Gly-856 by arginine and aspartic acid. Although the proexcitatory changes in gating properties of G856R contribute to the pathophysiology of inherited erythromelalgia, the link to limb underdevelopment is not well understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Tanaka
- From the Department of Neurology.,the Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.,the Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut 06516
| | - Phuong T Nguyen
- the Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology and.,the Biophysics Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Eray Yihui Zhou
- the Department of Dermatology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China, and.,the Department of Dermatology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Yong Yang
- the Department of Dermatology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China, and
| | - Vladimir Yarov-Yarovoy
- the Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology and.,the Biophysics Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Sulayman D Dib-Hajj
- From the Department of Neurology.,the Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.,the Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut 06516
| | - Stephen G Waxman
- From the Department of Neurology, .,the Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.,the Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut 06516
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43
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Han C, Yang Y, Te Morsche RH, Drenth JPH, Politei JM, Waxman SG, Dib-Hajj SD. Familial gain-of-function Na v1.9 mutation in a painful channelopathy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2017; 88:233-240. [PMID: 27503742 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2016-313804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gain-of-function mutations in Nav1.9 have been identified in three families with rare heritable pain disorders, and in patients with painful small-fibre neuropathy. Identification and functional assessment of new Nav1.9 mutations will help to elucidate the phenotypic spectrum of Nav1.9 channelopathies. METHODS Patients from a large family with early-onset pain symptoms were evaluated by clinical examination and genomic screening for mutations in SCN9A and SCN11A. Electrophysiological recordings and multistate modelling analysis were implemented for functional analyses. RESULTS A novel Nav1.9 mutation, p.Arg222His, was identified in patients with early-onset pain in distal extremities including joints and gastrointestinal disturbances, but was absent from an asymptomatic blood relative. This mutation alters channel structure by substituting the highly conserved first arginine residue in transmembrane segment 4 (domain 1), the voltage sensor, with histidine. Voltage-clamp recordings demonstrate a hyperpolarising shift and acceleration of activation of the p.Arg222His mutant channel, which make it easier to open the channel. When expressed in dorsal root ganglion neurons, mutant p.Arg222His channels increase excitability via a depolarisation of resting potential and increased evoked firing. CONCLUSIONS This study expands the spectrum of heritable pain disorders linked to gain-of-function mutations in Nav1.9, strengthening human validation of this channel as a potential therapeutic target for pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyang Han
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Center for Restoration of Nervous System Function, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Center for Restoration of Nervous System Function, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Rene H Te Morsche
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost P H Drenth
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Juan M Politei
- Department of Neurology, Fundación para el Estudio de las Enfermedades Neurometabólicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Stephen G Waxman
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Center for Restoration of Nervous System Function, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sulayman D Dib-Hajj
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Center for Restoration of Nervous System Function, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
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44
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Structure-based assessment of disease-related mutations in human voltage-gated sodium channels. Protein Cell 2017; 8:401-438. [PMID: 28150151 PMCID: PMC5445024 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-017-0372-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channels are essential for the rapid upstroke of action potentials and the propagation of electrical signals in nerves and muscles. Defects of Nav channels are associated with a variety of channelopathies. More than 1000 disease-related mutations have been identified in Nav channels, with Nav1.1 and Nav1.5 each harboring more than 400 mutations. Nav channels represent major targets for a wide array of neurotoxins and drugs. Atomic structures of Nav channels are required to understand their function and disease mechanisms. The recently determined atomic structure of the rabbit voltage-gated calcium (Cav) channel Cav1.1 provides a template for homology-based structural modeling of the evolutionarily related Nav channels. In this Resource article, we summarized all the reported disease-related mutations in human Nav channels, generated a homologous model of human Nav1.7, and structurally mapped disease-associated mutations. Before the determination of structures of human Nav channels, the analysis presented here serves as the base framework for mechanistic investigation of Nav channelopathies and for potential structure-based drug discovery.
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45
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Genetic predictors of human chronic pain conditions. Neuroscience 2016; 338:36-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Rolyan H, Liu S, Hoeijmakers JG, Faber CG, Merkies IS, Lauria G, Black JA, Waxman SG. A painful neuropathy-associated Nav1.7 mutant leads to time-dependent degeneration of small-diameter axons associated with intracellular Ca2+ dysregulation and decrease in ATP levels. Mol Pain 2016; 12:1744806916674472. [PMID: 27821467 PMCID: PMC5102167 DOI: 10.1177/1744806916674472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Small fiber neuropathy is a painful sensory nervous system disorder characterized by damage to unmyelinated C- and thinly myelinated Aδ- nerve fibers, clinically manifested by burning pain in the distal extremities and dysautonomia. The clinical onset in adulthood suggests a time-dependent process. The mechanisms that underlie nerve fiber injury in small fiber neuropathy are incompletely understood, although roles for energetic stress have been suggested. In the present study, we report time-dependent degeneration of neurites from dorsal root ganglia neurons in culture expressing small fiber neuropathy-associated G856D mutant Nav1.7 channels and demonstrate a time-dependent increase in intracellular calcium levels [Ca2+]i and reactive oxygen species, together with a decrease in ATP levels. Together with a previous clinical report of burning pain in the feet and hands associated with reduced levels of Na+/K+-ATPase in humans with high altitude sickness, the present results link energetic stress and reactive oxygen species production with the development of a painful neuropathy that preferentially affects small-diameter axons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshvardhan Rolyan
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Neuroscience and Regeneration Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Shujun Liu
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Neuroscience and Regeneration Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Janneke Gj Hoeijmakers
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Catharina G Faber
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ingemar Sj Merkies
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, St. Elisabeth Hospital, Willemstad, Curaçao
| | - Giuseppe Lauria
- Neuroalgology Unit, IRCCS, Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Joel A Black
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Neuroscience and Regeneration Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stephen G Waxman
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Neuroscience and Regeneration Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
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47
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Voltage-gated sodium channels and pain-related disorders. Clin Sci (Lond) 2016; 130:2257-2265. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20160041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) are heteromeric transmembrane protein complexes. Nine homologous members, SCN1A–11A, make up the VGSC gene family. Sodium channel isoforms display a wide range of kinetic properties endowing different neuronal types with distinctly varied firing properties. Among the VGSCs isoforms, Nav1.7, Nav1.8 and Nav1.9 are preferentially expressed in the peripheral nervous system. These isoforms are known to be crucial in the conduction of nociceptive stimuli with mutations in these channels thought to be the underlying cause of a variety of heritable pain disorders. This review provides an overview of the current literature concerning the role of VGSCs in the generation of pain and heritable pain disorders.
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48
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Kleggetveit IP, Schmidt R, Namer B, Salter H, Helås T, Schmelz M, Jørum E. Pathological nociceptors in two patients with erythromelalgia-like symptoms and rare genetic Nav 1.9 variants. Brain Behav 2016; 6:e00528. [PMID: 27781142 PMCID: PMC5064340 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The sodium channel Nav 1.9 is expressed in peripheral nociceptors and has recently been linked to human pain conditions, but the exact role of Nav 1.9 for human nociceptor excitability is still unclear. METHODS C-nociceptors from two patients with late onset of erythromelalgia-like pain, signs of small fiber neuropathy, and rare genetic variants of Nav 1.9 (N1169S, I1293V) were assessed by microneurography. RESULTS Compared with patients with comparable pain phenotypes (erythromelalgia-like pain without Nav-mutations and painful polyneuropathy), there was a tendency toward more activity-dependent slowing of conduction velocity in mechanoinsensitive C-nociceptors. Hyperexcitability to heating and electrical stimulation were seen in some nociceptors, and other unspecific signs of increased excitability, including spontaneous activity and mechanical sensitization, were also observed. CONCLUSIONS Although the functional roles of these genetic variants are still unknown, the microneurography findings may be compatible with increased C-nociceptor excitability based on increased Nav 1.9 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge P. Kleggetveit
- Section of Clinical NeurophysiologyDepartment of NeurologyOslo University Hospital‐RikshospitaletOsloNorway
| | - Roland Schmidt
- Department of Clinical NeurophysiologyUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Barbara Namer
- Institute of Physiology and PathophysiologyFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | - Hugh Salter
- AstraZeneca Translational Science CentreDepartment of Clinical NeuroscienceKarolinska InstitutetSolnaSweden
| | - Tormod Helås
- Section of Clinical NeurophysiologyDepartment of NeurologyOslo University Hospital‐RikshospitaletOsloNorway
| | - Martin Schmelz
- Department of Anesthesiology MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany
| | - Ellen Jørum
- Section of Clinical NeurophysiologyDepartment of NeurologyOslo University Hospital‐RikshospitaletOsloNorway
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Huang CW, Lai HJ, Huang PY, Lee MJ, Kuo CC. The Biophysical Basis Underlying Gating Changes in the p.V1316A Mutant Nav1.7 Channel and the Molecular Pathogenesis of Inherited Erythromelalgia. PLoS Biol 2016; 14:e1002561. [PMID: 27653502 PMCID: PMC5031448 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Nav1.7 channel critically contributes to the excitability of sensory neurons, and gain-of-function mutations of this channel have been shown to cause inherited erythromelalgia (IEM) with neuropathic pain. In this study, we report a case of a severe phenotype of IEM caused by p.V1316A mutation in the Nav1.7 channel. Mechanistically, we first demonstrate that the Navβ4 peptide acts as a gating modifier rather than an open channel blocker competing with the inactivating peptide to give rise to resurgent currents in the Nav1.7 channel. Moreover, there are two distinct open and two corresponding fast inactivated states in the genesis of resurgent Na+ currents. One is responsible for the resurgent route and practically existent only in the presence of Navβ4 peptide, whereas the other is responsible for the “silent” route of recovery from inactivation. In this regard, the p.V1316A mutation makes hyperpolarization shift in the activation curve, and depolarization shift in the inactivation curve, vividly uncoupling inactivation from activation. In terms of molecular gating operation, the most important changes caused by the p.V1316A mutation are both acceleration of the transition from the inactivated states to the activated states and deceleration of the reverse transition, resulting in much larger sustained as well as resurgent Na+ currents. In summary, the genesis of the resurgent currents in the Nav1.7 channel is ascribable to the transient existence of a distinct and novel open state promoted by the Navβ4 peptide. In addition, S4–5 linker in domain III where V1316 is located seems to play a critical role in activation–inactivation coupling, chiefly via direct modulation of the transitional kinetics between the open and the inactivated states. The sustained and resurgent Na+ currents may therefore be correlatively enhanced by specific mutations involving this linker and relevant regions, and thus marked hyperexcitability in corresponding neural tissues as well as IEM symptomatology. Mutations in the Nav1.7 sodium channel cause idiopathic erythromelalgia. This study shows that the pathogenic resurgent sodium currents arise via modification of gating behavior rather than via competing pore block by the Navβ4 peptide. The gain-of-function mutation (p.V1316A) of the Nav1.7 channel causes inherited erythromelalgia (IEM), a disease characterized by extremely enhanced activity in relevant neural tissues that results in neuropathic pain. We found that the p.V1316A mutation alters the basic gating properties of the channel, leading to increased sustained currents during membrane depolarization and resurgent currents during repolarization. Neurons expressing these mutant channels are more difficult to maintain in a hyperpolarized state and are thus more excitable. We demonstrate that there is very likely a distinct set of open/inactivated (O/I) states responsible for the genesis of resurgent currents. We show that the p.V1316A mutation chiefly accelerates the I to O transition in this set, but also decelerates the transitions between different sets of O/I states, to cause the channel gating and cellular excitability changes. Contrary to the conventional view, we find that the Navβ4 peptide, a key element responsible for sizable resurgent currents, does not seem to act as a pore blocker that competes with the inactivation peptide. Instead, we show that it acts as a gating modifier of the Nav1.7 channel. Thus, the DIII/S4–5 linker, where V1316 is located, may play a critical role not only in O/I coupling but also in the couplings between different sets of O/I in the Nav1.7 channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiung-Wei Huang
- Department of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Jung Lai
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital Jinshan Branch, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yuan Huang
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jen Lee
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (MJL); (CCK)
| | - Chung-Chin Kuo
- Department of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (MJL); (CCK)
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50
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Ghovanloo MR, Aimar K, Ghadiry-Tavi R, Yu A, Ruben PC. Physiology and Pathophysiology of Sodium Channel Inactivation. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2016; 78:479-509. [PMID: 27586293 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channels are present in different tissues within the human body, predominantly nerve, muscle, and heart. The sodium channel is composed of four similar domains, each containing six transmembrane segments. Each domain can be functionally organized into a voltage-sensing region and a pore region. The sodium channel may exist in resting, activated, fast inactivated, or slow inactivated states. Upon depolarization, when the channel opens, the fast inactivation gate is in its open state. Within the time frame of milliseconds, this gate closes and blocks the channel pore from conducting any more sodium ions. Repetitive or continuous stimulations of sodium channels result in a rate-dependent decrease of sodium current. This process may continue until the channel fully shuts down. This collapse is known as slow inactivation. This chapter reviews what is known to date regarding, sodium channel inactivation with a focus on various mutations within each NaV subtype and with clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-R Ghovanloo
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - K Aimar
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - R Ghadiry-Tavi
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - A Yu
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - P C Ruben
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
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