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Wan Y, Zhou J, Zhang P, Lin X, Li H. Inhibition of spinal Rac1 attenuates chronic inflammatory pain by regulating the activation of astrocytes. Cell Signal 2024; 114:110972. [PMID: 37984604 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal astrocyte-mediated neuroinflammation is an important mechanism for the maintenance of chronic inflammatory pain. Previous studies have investigated that Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) is closely related to astrocyte activation after central nervous system injury. However, the role of Rac1 in astrocyte activation in chronic inflammatory pain has not been reported. METHODS Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced chronic inflammatory pain model and LPS-stimulated astrocytes were used to investigate the role of Rac1 in astrocyte activation and the underlying mechanism. Rac1-interfering adeno-associated virus (AAV) targeting astrocytes was delivered to spinal astrocytes by intrathecal administration and a Rac1 specific inhibitor, NSC23766, was used to block cultured astrocytes. The glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), proinflammatory cytokines, p-NF-κB, and nod-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome were detected by RT-qPCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence to investigate the activation of astrocytes. RESULTS CFA induced spinal astrocyte activation and increased the expression of active Rac1 in spinal astrocytes. Knockdown of astrocyte Rac1 alleviated chronic inflammatory pain and inhibited astrocyte activation. Inhibition of Rac1 activation in cultured astrocytes decreased the expression of GFAP and proinflammatory cytokines. Knockdown of Rac1 inhibited the increase of expression of NLRP3 inflammasome and phosphorylation of NF-κB in the spinal lumbar enlargement after CFA injection. Similarly, the inhibition of Rac1 suppressed the increase of NLRP3 inflammasome and p-NF-κB protein level after LPS stimulation. CONCLUSION Knockdown of astrocyte Rac1 attenuated CFA-induced hyperalgesia and astrocyte activation possibly by blocking the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome and phosphorylation of NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantong Wan
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jieshu Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuemei Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Park J, Lee C, Kim YT. Effects of Natural Product-Derived Compounds on Inflammatory Pain via Regulation of Microglial Activation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:941. [PMID: 37513853 PMCID: PMC10386117 DOI: 10.3390/ph16070941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory pain is a type of pain caused by tissue damage associated with inflammation and is characterized by hypersensitivity to pain and neuroinflammation in the spinal cord. Neuroinflammation is significantly increased by various neurotransmitters and cytokines that are expressed in activated primary afferent neurons, and it plays a pivotal role in the development of inflammatory pain. The activation of microglia and elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines are the hallmark features of neuroinflammation. During the development of neuroinflammation, various intracellular signaling pathways are activated or inhibited in microglia, leading to the regulation of inflammatory proteins and cytokines. Numerous attempts have been conducted to alleviate inflammatory pain by inhibiting microglial activation. Natural products and their compounds have gained attention as potential candidates for suppressing inflammatory pain due to verified safety through centuries of use. Many studies have also shown that natural product-derived compounds have the potential to suppress microglial activation and alleviate inflammatory pain. Herein, we review the literature on inflammatory mediators and intracellular signaling involved in microglial activation in inflammatory pain, as well as natural product-derived compounds that have been found to suppress microglial activation. This review suggests that natural product-derived compounds have the potential to alleviate inflammatory pain through the suppression of microglial activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Park
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Changho Lee
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Tai Kim
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
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Rafiyan M, Sadeghmousavi S, Akbarzadeh M, Rezaei N. Experimental animal models of chronic inflammation. CURRENT RESEARCH IN IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 4:100063. [PMID: 37334102 PMCID: PMC10276141 DOI: 10.1016/j.crimmu.2023.100063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a general term for a wide variety of both physiological and pathophysiological processes in the body which primarily prevents the body from diseases and helps to remove dead tissues. It has a crucial part in the body immune system. Tissue damage can recruit inflammatory cells and cytokines and induce inflammation. Inflammation can be classified as acute, sub-acute, and chronic. If it remained unresolved and lasted for prolonged periods, it would be considered as chronic inflammation (CI), which consequently exacerbates tissue damage in different organs. CI is the main pathophysiological cause of many disorders such as obesity, diabetes, arthritis, myocardial infarction, and cancer. Thus, it is critical to investigate different mechanisms involved in CI to understand its processes and to find proper anti-inflammatory therapeutic approaches for it. Animal models are one of the most useful tools for study about different diseases and mechanisms in the body, and are important in pharmacological studies to find proper treatments. In this study, we discussed the various experimental animal models that have been used to recreate CI which can help us to enhance the understanding of CI mechanisms in human and contribute to the development of potent new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Rafiyan
- Animal Model Integrated Network (AMIN), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Sadeghmousavi
- Animal Model Integrated Network (AMIN), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Akbarzadeh
- Animal Model Integrated Network (AMIN), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
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Wang YT, Lu K, Yao DD, Zhang SX, Chen G. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect of Forsythiaside B on complete Freund's adjuvant-induced inflammatory pain in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 645:55-60. [PMID: 36680937 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pain is frequently reported in clinical practice. Therefore, it is important to identify effective therapy to relieve pain. In this work, we selected Forsythoside B (FB), a phenylethanoid glycoside isolated from Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl, to evaluate its effect in modulating inflammatory pain induced by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and the involved mechanisms. We discovered that FB could attenuate inflammatory pain triggered by CFA injection and exert anti-anxiety effects. In detail, proinflammatory cytokines, consisting of IL-6 and TNF-α, were decreased after FB administration in the CFA-injected mice. Furthermore, the FB application ameliorated the activation of ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), the microglia and astrocytes markers respectively. Therefore, our findings indicate that FB could be a promising treatment for chronic inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kai Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dan-Dan Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shu-Xia Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Shen H, Zhang J, Guo C, Gao X, Chen J, Chang C, Han X, Wang L. Characterization and optimization of hydrothermal extraction of quercetin from
Quercus
leaves using response surface methodology. CAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.24196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haoling Shen
- School of Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Jiaojiao Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Chensi Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Xiangyu Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Junying Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
- Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists Zhengzhou China
| | - Chun Chang
- School of Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
- Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists Zhengzhou China
| | - Xiuli Han
- School of Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
- Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists Zhengzhou China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design North Carolina A & T State University Greensboro North Carolina USA
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Yang Y, Sheng Q, Nie Z, Liu L, Zhang W, Chen G, Ye F, Shi L, Lv Z, Xie J, Wang D. Daphnetin inhibits spinal glial activation via Nrf2/HO-1/NF-κB signaling pathway and attenuates CFA-induced inflammatory pain. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 98:107882. [PMID: 34182245 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Daphnetin (7, 8-dihydroxycoumarin, DAPH), a coumarin derivative isolated from Daphne odora var., recently draws much more attention as a promising drug candidate to treat neuroinflammatory diseases due to its protective effects against neuroinflammation. However, itscontribution to chronic inflammatory pain is largely unknown. In the current work, we investigated the effects of DAPH in a murine model of inflammatory pain induced by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and its possible underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that DAPH treatment significantly attenuated mechanical allodynia provoked by CFA. A profound inhibition of spinal glial activation, followed by attenuated expression levels of spinal pro-inflammatory cytokines, was observed in DAPH-treated inflammatory pain mice. Further study demonstrated that DAPH mediated negative regulation of spinal NF-κB pathway, as well as its preferential activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in inflammatory pain mice. This study, for the first time, indicated that DAPH might preventthe development of mechanical allodynia in mice with inflammatory pain. And more importantly, these data provide evidence for the potential application of DAPH in the treatment of chronic inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Qing Sheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zuoming Nie
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Lili Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Wenping Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Guiqian Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Fei Ye
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Liyun Shi
- Department of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhengbing Lv
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Junjing Xie
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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