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Hsu CM, Hsu CC, Wu RW, Huang CC, Chen YC. Interplay between fat, muscle, bone mass, and oteophytes and risk for tophaceous gout. J Investig Med 2023; 71:58-61. [PMID: 36316064 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2022-002407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Tophaceous gout is a common arthritis caused by the deposition of urate crystals and is related to limited joint function. Although there are reports that uric acid (UA) is associated with bone mineral density (BMD), little is known about the relationship between UA, osteophytes, and muscle. This cross-sectional case-control study was performed in patients with tophaceous gout. The control group included patients without gout. All subjects underwent BMD and body composition analyses. Age, sex, alcohol consumption, smoking, and radiography of both knees were recorded. Adjusted ORs for tophaceous gout were calculated using the logistical regression models. A total of 150 male patients were enrolled, including 65 individuals with tophaceous gout and 85 without gout. The mean age of the patients with tophaceous gout was 59.94±12.40 years, while that of individuals without gout was 61.29±11.57 years (p=0.492). Patients with tophaceous gout have a higher mean body mass index, fat mass, appendicular lean mass, BMD, and osteophytes. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that fat mass (OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.27 to 3.18), appendicular lean mass (OR 4.27, 95% CI 1.86 to 9.83), and osteophytes (OR 5.88, 95% CI 1.72 to 20.13) were significantly associated with tophaceous gout. In the current study, higher fat mass, high muscle mass, and osteophyte formation were found to increase the risk of tophaceous gout, as the association is the most than can be inferred from a cross-sectional study. Therefore, reducing body fat and weight management may prevent tophaceous gout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Min Hsu
- Department of Anesthesiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Cheng Hsu
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Re-Wen Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Cheng Huang
- Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chou Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Millward DJ. Interactions between Growth of Muscle and Stature: Mechanisms Involved and Their Nutritional Sensitivity to Dietary Protein: The Protein-Stat Revisited. Nutrients 2021; 13:729. [PMID: 33668846 PMCID: PMC7996181 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood growth and its sensitivity to dietary protein is reviewed within a Protein-Stat model of growth regulation. The coordination of growth of muscle and stature is a combination of genetic programming, and of two-way mechanical interactions involving the mechanotransduction of muscle growth through stretching by bone length growth, the core Protein-Stat feature, and the strengthening of bone through muscle contraction via the mechanostat. Thus, growth in bone length is the initiating event and this is always observed. Endocrine and cellular mechanisms of growth in stature are reviewed in terms of the growth hormone-insulin like growth factor-1 (GH-IGF-1) and thyroid axes and the sex hormones, which together mediate endochondral ossification in the growth plate and bone lengthening. Cellular mechanisms of muscle growth during development are then reviewed identifying (a) the difficulties posed by the need to maintain its ultrastructure during myofibre hypertrophy within the extracellular matrix and the concept of muscle as concentric "bags" allowing growth to be conceived as bag enlargement and filling, (b) the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the mechanotransduction of satellite and mesenchymal stromal cells, to enable both connective tissue remodelling and provision of new myonuclei to aid myofibre hypertrophy and (c) the implications of myofibre hypertrophy for protein turnover within the myonuclear domain. Experimental data from rodent and avian animal models illustrate likely changes in DNA domain size and protein turnover during developmental and stretch-induced muscle growth and between different muscle fibre types. Growth of muscle in male rats during adulthood suggests that "bag enlargement" is achieved mainly through the action of mesenchymal stromal cells. Current understanding of the nutritional regulation of protein deposition in muscle, deriving from experimental studies in animals and human adults, is reviewed, identifying regulation by amino acids, insulin and myofibre volume changes acting to increase both ribosomal capacity and efficiency of muscle protein synthesis via the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and the phenomenon of a "bag-full" inhibitory signal has been identified in human skeletal muscle. The final section deals with the nutritional sensitivity of growth of muscle and stature to dietary protein in children. Growth in length/height as a function of dietary protein intake is described in the context of the breastfed child as the normative growth model, and the "Early Protein Hypothesis" linking high protein intakes in infancy to later adiposity. The extensive paediatric studies on serum IGF-1 and child growth are reviewed but their clinical relevance is of limited value for understanding growth regulation; a role in energy metabolism and homeostasis, acting with insulin to mediate adiposity, is probably more important. Information on the influence of dietary protein on muscle mass per se as opposed to lean body mass is limited but suggests that increased protein intake in children is unable to promote muscle growth in excess of that linked to genotypic growth in length/height. One possible exception is milk protein intake, which cohort and cross-cultural studies suggest can increase height and associated muscle growth, although such effects have yet to be demonstrated by randomised controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Joe Millward
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
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Jin J, Bakker AD, Wu G, Klein-Nulend J, Jaspers RT. Physicochemical Niche Conditions and Mechanosensing by Osteocytes and Myocytes. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2019; 17:235-249. [PMID: 31428977 PMCID: PMC6817749 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-019-00522-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Bone and muscle mass increase in response to mechanical loading and biochemical cues. Bone-forming osteoblasts differentiate into early osteocytes which ultimately mature into late osteocytes encapsulated in stiff calcified matrix. Increased muscle mass originates from muscle stem cells (MuSCs) enclosed between their plasma membrane and basal lamina. Stem cell fate and function are strongly determined by physical and chemical properties of their microenvironment, i.e., the cell niche. RECENT FINDINGS The cellular niche is a three-dimensional structure consisting of extracellular matrix components, signaling molecules, and/or other cells. Via mechanical interaction with their niche, osteocytes and MuSCs are subjected to mechanical loads causing deformations of membrane, cytoskeleton, and/or nucleus, which elicit biochemical responses and secretion of signaling molecules into the niche. The latter may modulate metabolism, morphology, and mechanosensitivity of the secreting cells, or signal to neighboring cells and cells at a distance. Little is known about how mechanical loading of bone and muscle tissue affects osteocytes and MuSCs within their niches. This review provides an overview of physicochemical niche conditions of (early) osteocytes and MuSCs and how these are sensed and determine cell fate and function. Moreover, we discuss how state-of-the-art imaging techniques may enhance our understanding of these conditions and mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Jin
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Astrid D Bakker
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jenneke Klein-Nulend
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Richard T Jaspers
- Laboratory for Myology, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Alosami MH, Adnan S, Hameed EK. Serum uric acid level and bone mineral density in Iraqi postmenopausal women. THE EGYPTIAN RHEUMATOLOGIST 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejr.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Del Rocío Cruz-Guzmán O, Rodríguez-Cruz M, Almeida-Becerril T, Maldonado-Hernández J, Baeza CW. Muscle function and age are associated with loss of bone mineral density in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Muscle Nerve 2019; 59:417-421. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.26416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Oriana Del Rocío Cruz-Guzmán
- Laboratorio de Nutrición Molecular, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Nutrición, Hospital de Pediatría; Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI-IMSS; Av. Cuauhtémoc No. 330, Col. Doctores, Delegación, Cuauhtémoc, 06725 Ciudad de México México
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas; Instituto Politécnico Nacional; Ciudad de México Mexico
| | - Maricela Rodríguez-Cruz
- Laboratorio de Nutrición Molecular, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Nutrición, Hospital de Pediatría; Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI-IMSS; Av. Cuauhtémoc No. 330, Col. Doctores, Delegación, Cuauhtémoc, 06725 Ciudad de México México
| | - Tomas Almeida-Becerril
- Laboratorio de Nutrición Molecular, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Nutrición, Hospital de Pediatría; Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI-IMSS; Av. Cuauhtémoc No. 330, Col. Doctores, Delegación, Cuauhtémoc, 06725 Ciudad de México México
| | - Jorge Maldonado-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Nutrición Molecular, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Nutrición, Hospital de Pediatría; Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI-IMSS; Av. Cuauhtémoc No. 330, Col. Doctores, Delegación, Cuauhtémoc, 06725 Ciudad de México México
| | - Carlos Wong Baeza
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas; Instituto Politécnico Nacional; Ciudad de México Mexico
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López-Herradón A, Fujikawa R, Gómez-Marín M, Stedile-Lovatel JP, Mulero F, Ardura JA, Ruiz P, Muñoz I, Esbrit P, Mahíllo-Fernández I, Ortega-de Mues A. Impact of Chiropractic Manipulation on Bone and Skeletal Muscle of Ovariectomized Rats. Calcif Tissue Int 2017; 101:519-529. [PMID: 28755011 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-017-0304-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that chiropractic manipulation might exert positive effects in osteoporotic patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of chiropractic manipulation on bone structure and skeletal muscle in rats with bone loss caused by ovariectomy (OVX). The 6-month old Sprague-Dawley rats at 10 weeks following OVX or sham operation (Sh) did not suffer chiropractic manipulation (NM group) or were submitted to true chiropractic manipulation using the chiropractic adjusting instrument Activator V® three times/week for 6 weeks as follows: Force 1 setting was applied onto the tibial tubercle of the rat right hind limb (TM group), whereas the corresponding left hind limb received a false manipulation (FM group) consisting of ActivatorV® firing in the air and slightly touching the tibial tubercle. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were determined in long bones and L3-L4 vertebrae in all rats. Femora and tibia were analyzed by μCT. Mechano growth factor (MGF) was detected in long bones and soleus, quadriceps and tibial muscles by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The decrease of BMD and BMC as well as trabecular bone impairment in the long bones of OVX rats vs Sh controls was partially reversed in the TM group versus FM or NM rats. This bone improvement by chiropractic manipulation was associated with an increased MGF expression in the quadriceps and the anterior tibial muscle in OVX rats. These findings support the notion that chiropractic manipulation can ameliorate osteoporotic bone at least partly by targeting skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- A López-Herradón
- Madrid College of Chiropractic, Real Centro Universitario Escorial-María Cristina, Paseo de los Alamillos, 2, San Lorenzo de El Escorial, 28200, Madrid, Spain
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo Mineral y Óseo, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS)-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Fujikawa
- Madrid College of Chiropractic, Real Centro Universitario Escorial-María Cristina, Paseo de los Alamillos, 2, San Lorenzo de El Escorial, 28200, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Gómez-Marín
- Madrid College of Chiropractic, Real Centro Universitario Escorial-María Cristina, Paseo de los Alamillos, 2, San Lorenzo de El Escorial, 28200, Madrid, Spain
| | - J P Stedile-Lovatel
- Madrid College of Chiropractic, Real Centro Universitario Escorial-María Cristina, Paseo de los Alamillos, 2, San Lorenzo de El Escorial, 28200, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Mulero
- Unidad de Imagen Molecular, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - J A Ardura
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo Mineral y Óseo, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS)-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Ruiz
- Madrid College of Chiropractic, Real Centro Universitario Escorial-María Cristina, Paseo de los Alamillos, 2, San Lorenzo de El Escorial, 28200, Madrid, Spain
| | - I Muñoz
- Madrid College of Chiropractic, Real Centro Universitario Escorial-María Cristina, Paseo de los Alamillos, 2, San Lorenzo de El Escorial, 28200, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Esbrit
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo Mineral y Óseo, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS)-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - I Mahíllo-Fernández
- Unidad de Epidemiología y Bioestadística, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Ortega-de Mues
- Madrid College of Chiropractic, Real Centro Universitario Escorial-María Cristina, Paseo de los Alamillos, 2, San Lorenzo de El Escorial, 28200, Madrid, Spain.
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Elevated Serum Uric Acid Is Associated with Greater Bone Mineral Density and Skeletal Muscle Mass in Middle-Aged and Older Adults. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154692. [PMID: 27144737 PMCID: PMC4856375 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Previous studies have suggested a positive link between serum uric acid (UA) and bone mineral density (BMD). In this study, we re-examined the association between UA and BMD and further explored whether this was mediated by skeletal muscle mass in a general Chinese population. Method This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 3079 (963 men and 2116 women) Chinese adults aged 40–75 years. Face-to-face interviews and laboratory analyses were performed to determine serum UA and various covariates. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to assess the BMD and appendicular skeletal muscle mass. The skeletal muscle mass index (SMI = ASM/Height2, kg/m2) for the total limbs, arms, and legs was then calculated. Results The serum UA was graded and, in general, was significantly and positively associated with the BMD and muscle mass, after adjustment for multiple covariates in the total sample. Compared with participants in lowest quartile of UA, those participants in highest quartile showed a 2.3%(whole body), 4.1%(lumbar spine), 2.4%(total hip), and 2.0% (femoral neck) greater BMDs. The mean SMIs in the highest (vs. lowest) quartile increased by 2.7% (total), 2.5% (arm), 2.7% (leg) respectively. In addition, path analysis suggested that the favorable association between UA and BMD might be mediated by increasing SMI. Conclusion The elevated serum UA was associated with a higher BMD and a greater muscle mass in a middle-aged and elderly Chinese population and the UA-BMD association was partly mediated by muscle mass.
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Bakker AD, Jaspers RT. IL-6 and IGF-1 Signaling Within and Between Muscle and Bone: How Important is the mTOR Pathway for Bone Metabolism? Curr Osteoporos Rep 2015; 13:131-9. [PMID: 25712618 PMCID: PMC4417129 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-015-0264-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) play an important role in the adaptation of both muscle and bone to mechanical stimuli. Here, we provide an overview of the functions of IL-6 and IGF-1 in bone and muscle metabolism, and the intracellular signaling pathways that are well known to mediate these functions. In particular, we discuss the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway which in skeletal muscle is known for its key role in regulating the rate of mRNA translation (protein synthesis). Since the role of the mTOR pathway in bone is explored to a much lesser extent, we discuss what is known about this pathway in bone and the potential role of this pathway in bone remodeling. We will also discuss the possible ways of influencing IGF-1 or IL-6 signaling by osteocytes and the clinical implications of pharmacological or nutritional modulation of the Akt/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid D. Bakker
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Richard T. Jaspers
- Laboratory for Myology, MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 9, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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