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D’Onofrio L, Amendolara R, Mignogna C, Leto G, Tartaglione L, Mazzaferro S, Maddaloni E, Buzzetti R. Lack of Association between Serum Chitotriosidase Activity and Arterial Stiffness in Type 2 Diabetes without Cardiovascular Complications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15809. [PMID: 37958794 PMCID: PMC10648693 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitotriosidase (CHIT), a mammalian chitinase secreted by neutrophils and activated macrophages, is increased in both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Arterial stiffness rises early in T2D and increases the risk of CVD. The aim of this study is to evaluate CHIT activity as an early biomarker of arterial stiffness in people with T2D free from overt vascular complications. In this cross-sectional study, arterial stiffness as measured using standard pulse wave velocity (PWV) was evaluated in 174 people with T2D without overt vascular disease. Then, we measured CHIT serum activity with an electrochemiluminescence assay in two subgroups of participants: 35 with the highest (high-PWV) and 40 with the lowest (low-PWV) PWV values. CHIT activity was no different between the low-PVW and high-PWV groups (12.7 [9.6-17.9] vs. 11.4 [8.8-15.0] nmol/mL/h, respectively). Compared with the low-PWV group, the high-PWV participants were older (p < 0.001); had a longer duration of diabetes (p = 0.03); higher ankle-brachial index ABI (p = 0.04), systolic blood pressure (p = 0.002), diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.005), fasting blood glucose (p = 0.008), and HbA1c (p = 0.005); and lower eGFR (p = 0.03) and body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.01). No association was present with sex, duration of diabetes, age, BMI, peripheral blood pressure, laboratory parameters, and glucose-lowering medications or ongoing antihypertensive therapy. Although no association was found, this study provides novel data about the association of CHIT activity with CVD, focusing on a specific outcome (arterial stiffness) in a well-defined population of subjects with T2D without established CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca D’Onofrio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.D.); (R.A.); (C.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Rocco Amendolara
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.D.); (R.A.); (C.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Carmen Mignogna
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.D.); (R.A.); (C.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Gaetano Leto
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy;
| | - Lida Tartaglione
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Sandro Mazzaferro
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Ernesto Maddaloni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.D.); (R.A.); (C.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Raffaella Buzzetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.D.); (R.A.); (C.M.); (E.M.)
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Jayashree K, Senthilkumar GP, Vadivelan M, Parameswaran S. Circulating 18-Glycosyl Hydrolase Protein Chitiotriosidase-1 is Associated with Renal Dysfunction and Systemic Inflammation in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Int J Appl Basic Med Res 2023; 13:159-167. [PMID: 38023595 PMCID: PMC10666838 DOI: 10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_42_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chitotriosidase-1 (CHIT-1) is a marker of macrophage activation and recently attributed to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, its role in the development and progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has been sparsely discussed in the recent literature. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional exploratory study, 81 participants with T2DM were classified into two groups based on the presence of DKD. Their anthropometric, biochemical, and pathological profiles were estimated. Circulatory CHIT-1 concentration was determined using the enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA) in plasma. Results CHIT-1 was significantly elevated in diabetic nephropathy, independent of age and gender. It is associated with severity of kidney disease, as assessed using urinary protein-creatinine ratio (uPCR) in a multiple linear regression model, independent of age, gender, diabetes duration, and insulin resistance. CHIT-1 positively predicted the likelihood of DKD in the study population (area under the curve = 0.724, P < 0.05). The duration of diabetes correlated positively with uPCR and negatively with estimated glomerular-filtration rate. Neutrophil-Lymphocyte ratio was elevated in participants with DKD. This well-established marker of systemic inflammation exhibited significant positive association with CHIT-1. Conclusion Plasma CHIT-1 protein is elevated in DKD and associated with disease progression. It is capable of reflecting disease severity and is closely related to systemic inflammation possibly caused by pro-inflammatory circulatory immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuppuswami Jayashree
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | | | - Mehalingam Vadivelan
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Sreejith Parameswaran
- Department of Nephrology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
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Okawa K, Tabata E, Kida Y, Uno K, Suzuki H, Kamaya M, Bauer PO, Oyama F. Irreversible evolutionary loss of chitin-degrading ability in the chitinase-like protein Ym1 under positive selection in rodents. Protein Sci 2023; 32:e4620. [PMID: 36883357 PMCID: PMC10031810 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Ym1 (chitinase-like 3, Chil3) expressed in mice is a nonenzymatic chitinase-like protein, which shows 67% identity with mouse acidic chitinase (Chia). Similar to Chia, Ym1 is overexpressed in asthma and parasitic infections in mouse lungs. Due to the lack of chitin-degrading activity, the biomedical role of Ym1 under these pathophysiological conditions remains to be determined. In this study, we investigated what region and amino acid changes in Ym1 resulted in the loss of enzymatic activity. Replacing two amino acids at the catalytic motif to obtain a Chia-like sequence (N136D and Q140E; MT-Ym1) did not activate the protein. We conducted a comparative study of Ym1 and Chia. We found that three protein segments-(i) the catalytic motif residues, (ii) exons 6 and 7, and (iii) exon 10-are responsible for chitinase activity loss in Ym1. We show that replacing each of these three segments in Chia that are also involved in substrate recognition and binding by the Ym1 sequence can fully abolish the enzymatic activity. In addition, we show that there have been extensive gene duplication events at the Ym1 locus specific to the rodent lineages. Consistent with this result, Ym1 orthologs from the rodent genome were under positive selection when analyzed through the CODEML program. These data suggest that numerous amino acid substitutions in the regions involved in the chitin recognition, binding, and degradation ability of the ancestor Ym1 molecule lead to the irreversible inactivation of the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Okawa
- Department of Chemistry and Life ScienceKogakuin UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Eri Tabata
- Department of Chemistry and Life ScienceKogakuin UniversityTokyoJapan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (PD)TokyoJapan
| | - Yuta Kida
- Department of Chemistry and Life ScienceKogakuin UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Kyohei Uno
- Department of Chemistry and Life ScienceKogakuin UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Hidetoshi Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry and Life ScienceKogakuin UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Minori Kamaya
- Department of Applied ChemistryKogakuin UniversityTokyoJapan
| | | | - Fumitaka Oyama
- Department of Chemistry and Life ScienceKogakuin UniversityTokyoJapan
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Di Francesco AM, Verrecchia E, Manna S, Urbani A, Manna R. The chitinases as biomarkers in immune-mediate diseases. Clin Chem Lab Med 2022:cclm-2022-0767. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-0767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The role of chitinases has been focused as potential biomarkers in a wide number of inflammatory diseases, in monitoring active disease state, and predicting prognosis and response to therapies. The main chitinases, CHIT1 and YKL-40, are derived from 18 glycosyl hydrolases macrophage activation and play important roles in defense against chitin-containing pathogens and in food processing. Moreover, chitinases may have organ- as well as cell-specific effects in the context of infectious diseases and inflammatory disorders and able to induce tissue remodelling. The CHIT1 measurement is an easy, reproducible, reliable, and cost-effective affordable assay. The clinical use of CHIT1 for the screening of lysosomal storage disorders is quite practical, when proper cut-off values are determined for each laboratory. The potential of CHIT1 and chitinases has not been fully explored yet and future studies will produce many surprising discoveries in the immunology and allergology fields of research. However, since the presence of a null CHIT1 gene in a subpopulation would be responsible of false-negative values, the assay should be completed with the other markers such ACE and, if necessary, by genetic analysis when CHIT1 is unexpected low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Maria Di Francesco
- Periodic Fever and Rare Diseases Research Centre, Catholic University of Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - Elena Verrecchia
- Periodic Fever and Rare Diseases Research Centre, Catholic University of Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - Stefano Manna
- Periodic Fever and Rare Diseases Research Centre, Catholic University of Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Institute of Internal Medicine, Policlinico A. Gemelli Foundation IRCCS , Rome , Italy
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Policlinico A. Gemelli Foundation IRCCS , Rome , Italy
| | - Raffaele Manna
- Periodic Fever and Rare Diseases Research Centre, Catholic University of Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
- Institute of Internal Medicine, Policlinico A. Gemelli Foundation IRCCS , Rome , Italy
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Cutaș A, Drugan C, Roman G, Rusu A, Cătană CS, Achimaș-Cadariu A, Drugan T. Evaluation of Chitotriosidase and Neopterin as Biomarkers of Microvascular Complications in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:263. [PMID: 33567717 PMCID: PMC7916086 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11020263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The chronic complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) are accompanied by inflammatory manifestations. Our study aimed to evaluate a possible association between the inflammatory status (reflected by serum chitotriosidase and neopterin) and the timely evolution and occurrence of chronic microvascular complications in patients with type 1 DM. This observational, cross-sectional study included 82 type 1 DM patients from the Centre for Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Our results demonstrated a link between the extent of inflammation, evaluated by the enzymatic activity of circulating chitotriosidase, and the onset of microvascular complications, especially diabetic neuropathy and retinopathy. Chitotriosidase enzymatic activity showed an ascending evolution over time. In non-smoking patients, the increase in chitotriosidase activity was correlated with the extent of microalbuminuria and the decline of glomerular filtration rate, while in smokers, only the presence of a positive correlation between chitotriosidase activity and disease progression was noticed. According to our results, the time span between the moment of diagnosis and the onset of microvascular complications was longer in non-smokers than in smokers. These results also imply that increased chitotriosidase activity may be a predictor of endothelial dysfunction in type 1 DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ancuța Cutaș
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.); (A.A.-C.); (T.D.)
| | - Cristina Drugan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Gabriela Roman
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.R.); (A.R.)
| | - Adriana Rusu
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.R.); (A.R.)
| | - Cristina Sorina Cătană
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Andrei Achimaș-Cadariu
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.); (A.A.-C.); (T.D.)
| | - Tudor Drugan
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.); (A.A.-C.); (T.D.)
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Li B, Li N, Guo S, Zhang M, Li J, Zhai N, Wang H, Zhang Y. The changing features of serum adropin, copeptin, neprilysin and chitotriosidase which are associated with vascular endothelial function in type 2 diabetic retinopathy patients. J Diabetes Complications 2020; 34:107686. [PMID: 32768333 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2020.107686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Adropin (AD), copeptin (CP), neprilysin (NEP) and chitotriosidase (CHIT1) have been associated with the regulation of vascular endothelial function. In this work, we analyzed the plasma concentrations of cytokines (AD, CP, NEP and CHIT1) in type 2 diabetic patients with or without retinopathy (DR) to predict the risk of DR for diabetic patients. METHOD A total of 392 patients diagnosed as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 120 healthy volunteers as a control group were enrolled in this study. T2DM patients were divided into three groups: diabetes without retinopathy (NDR, n = 174) group, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR, n = 118) group and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR, n = 100) group. The serum AD, CP, NEP and CHIT1 levels of subjects were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS We reported a significant decrease in AD and a significant increase in CP, NEP and CHIT1 in NDR as well as DR patients when compared with controls (p < 0.05), the lower level of AD and significantly higher levels of CP, NEP and CHIT1 were seen in DR patients compared to NDR group (p < 0.05), at the same time, we observed the lowest level of AD and the highest levels of CP, NEP and CHIT1 in the PDR group. Logistic regression analysis showed that AD was a protective factor for DR, conversely, CP, NEP and CHIT1 were the independent risk factors (p < 0.05). Moreover, receiver operating characteristic curve analyses indicated that CP had greater diagnosis capacity with an AUC (the areas under the ROC curve) of 0.901 than AD, NEP, CHIT1 for DR patients. CONCLUSION The decreased AD level and the elevated CP, NEP and CHIT1 levels involved in vascular endothelial function may be evidence facilitating the presence of DR. Thereby they can be explored to use as promising non-invasive biomarkers for prediction of DR severity, distinguishing DR from diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoxin Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Baoding NO.1 Central Hospital, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China; Hebei Provincial Center for Optical Sensing Innovations, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Baoding NO.1 Central Hospital, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China; Hebei Provincial Center for Optical Sensing Innovations, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Shuqin Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Baoding NO.1 Central Hospital, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China; Hebei Provincial Center for Optical Sensing Innovations, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Mali Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Baoding NO.1 Central Hospital, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China; Hebei Provincial Center for Optical Sensing Innovations, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Baoding NO.1 Central Hospital, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China; Hebei Provincial Center for Optical Sensing Innovations, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Na Zhai
- Department of Endocrinology, Baoding NO.1 Central Hospital, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China; Hebei Provincial Center for Optical Sensing Innovations, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China
| | - He Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Baoding NO.1 Central Hospital, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China; Hebei Provincial Center for Optical Sensing Innovations, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Yunliang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Baoding NO.1 Central Hospital, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China; Hebei Provincial Center for Optical Sensing Innovations, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China.
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Kimura M, Watanabe T, Sekine K, Ishizuka H, Ikejiri A, Sakaguchi M, Kamaya M, Yamanaka D, Matoska V, Bauer PO, Oyama F. Comparative functional analysis between human and mouse chitotriosidase: Substitution at amino acid 218 modulates the chitinolytic and transglycosylation activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:2895-2902. [PMID: 32853624 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Chitotriosidase (Chit1) and acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase) have been attracting research interest due to their involvement in various pathological conditions such as Gaucher's disease and asthma, respectively. Both enzymes are highly expressed in mice, while the level of AMCase mRNA was low in human tissues. In addition, the chitinolytic activity of the recombinant human AMCase was significantly lower than that of the mouse counterpart. Here, we revealed a substantially higher chitinolytic and transglycosylation activity of human Chit1 against artificial and natural chitin substrates as compared to the mouse enzyme. We found that the substitution of leucine (L) by tryptophan (W) at position 218 markedly reduced both activities in human Chit1. Conversely, the L218W substitution in mouse Chit1 increased the activity of the enzyme. These results suggest that Chit1 may compensate for the low of AMCase activity in humans, while in mice, highly active AMCase may supplements low Chit1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Kimura
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan; Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (PD), Koujimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan; Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Takashi Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Sekine
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan
| | - Hitomi Ishizuka
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan
| | - Aoi Ikejiri
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Sakaguchi
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan
| | - Minori Kamaya
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yamanaka
- Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Vaclav Matoska
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hematology and Immunology, Homolka Hospital, Roentgenova 37/2, Prague 150 00, Czech Republic
| | - Peter O Bauer
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hematology and Immunology, Homolka Hospital, Roentgenova 37/2, Prague 150 00, Czech Republic; Bioinova Ltd., Videnska 1083, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Fumitaka Oyama
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan.
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He H, Olesen CM, Pavel AB, Clausen ML, Wu J, Estrada Y, Zhang N, Agner T, Guttman-Yassky E. Tape-Strip Proteomic Profiling of Atopic Dermatitis on Dupilumab Identifies Minimally Invasive Biomarkers. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1768. [PMID: 32849633 PMCID: PMC7423990 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tape-stripping is a minimally invasive approach for skin sampling that captures the cutaneous immune/barrier abnormalities in atopic dermatitis (AD). However, tape-strips have not been used to evaluate molecular changes with therapeutic targeting. In this study, we sought to characterize the proteomic signature of tape-strips from AD patients, before and after dupilumab therapy. Twenty-six AD patients were treated with every-other-week dupilumab 300 mg for 16 weeks. Tape-strips from lesional and non-lesional skin were collected before and after treatment, and analyzed with the Olink proteomic assay. Using criteria of fold-change>1.5 and FDR < 0.05, 136 proteins significantly decreased after dupilumab treatment, corresponding to an overall mean improvement of 66.2% in the lesional vs. non-lesional AD proteome. Significant decreases after dupilumab were observed in immune markers related to general inflammation (MMP12), Th2 (CCL13/CCL17), Th17/Th22 (IL-12B, CXCL1, S100A12), and innate immunity (IL-6, IL-8, IL-17C), while the Th1 chemokines CXCL9/CXCL10 remained elevated. Proteins related to atherosclerosis/cardiovascular risk (e.g., SELE/E-selectin, IGFBP7, CHIT1/ chitotriosidase-1, AXL) also significantly decreased after treatment. Dupilumab therapy suppressed AD-related immune biomarkers and atherosclerosis/cardiovascular risk proteins. Tape-strip proteomics may be useful for monitoring therapeutic response in real-life settings, clinical trials, and longitudinal studies for AD and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen He
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Caroline M Olesen
- Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ana B Pavel
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Maja-Lisa Clausen
- Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jianni Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Yeriel Estrada
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Tove Agner
- Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emma Guttman-Yassky
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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9
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Kimura M, Umeyama T, Wakita S, Okawa K, Sakaguchi M, Matoska V, Bauer PO, Oyama F. Direct comparison of chitinolytic properties and determination of combinatory effects of mouse chitotriosidase and acidic mammalian chitinase. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 134:882-890. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.05.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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10
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Uehara M, Tabata E, Ishii K, Sawa A, Ohno M, Sakaguchi M, Matoska V, Bauer PO, Oyama F. Chitinase mRNA Levels Determined by QPCR in Crab-Eating Monkey (Macaca fascicularis) Tissues: Species-Specific Expression of Acidic Mammalian Chitinase and Chitotriosidase. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9050244. [PMID: 29747453 PMCID: PMC5977184 DOI: 10.3390/genes9050244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mice and humans express two active chitinases: acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase) and chitotriosidase (CHIT1). Both chitinases are thought to play important roles in specific pathophysiological conditions. The crab-eating monkey (Macaca fascicularis) is one of the most frequently used nonhuman primate models in basic and applied biomedical research. Here, we performed gene expression analysis of two chitinases in normal crab-eating monkey tissues by way of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) using a single standard DNA molecule. Levels of AMCase and CHIT1 messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were highest in the stomach and the lung, respectively, when compared to other tissues. Comparative gene expression analysis of mouse, monkey, and human using monkey–mouse–human hybrid standard DNA showed that the AMCase mRNA levels were exceptionally high in mouse and monkey stomachs while very low in the human stomach. As for the CHIT1 mRNA, we detected higher levels in the monkey lung when compared with those of mouse and human. The differences of mRNA expression between the species in the stomach tissues were basically reflecting the levels of the chitinolytic activities. These results indicate that gene expression of AMCase and CHIT1 differs between mammalian species and requiring special attention in handling data in chitinase-related studies in particular organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiko Uehara
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan.
| | - Eri Tabata
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan.
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (DC1), Koujimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiro Ishii
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Meyer 3-166A, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| | - Akira Sawa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Meyer 3-166A, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| | - Misa Ohno
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan.
| | - Masayoshi Sakaguchi
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan.
| | - Vaclav Matoska
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hematology and Immunology, Homolka Hospital, 150 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Peter O Bauer
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hematology and Immunology, Homolka Hospital, 150 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
- Bioinova Ltd., 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Fumitaka Oyama
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan.
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Tabata E, Kashimura A, Kikuchi A, Masuda H, Miyahara R, Hiruma Y, Wakita S, Ohno M, Sakaguchi M, Sugahara Y, Matoska V, Bauer PO, Oyama F. Chitin digestibility is dependent on feeding behaviors, which determine acidic chitinase mRNA levels in mammalian and poultry stomachs. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1461. [PMID: 29362395 PMCID: PMC5780506 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19940-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitin, a polymer of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc), functions as a major structural component in chitin-containing organism including crustaceans, insects and fungi. Recently, we reported that acidic chitinase (Chia) is highly expressed in mouse, chicken and pig stomach tissues and that it can digest chitin in the respective gastrointestinal tracts (GIT). In this study, we focus on major livestock and domestic animals and show that the levels of Chia mRNA in their stomach tissues are governed by the feeding behavior. Chia mRNA levels were significantly lower in the bovine (herbivores) and dog (carnivores) stomach than those in mouse, pig and chicken (omnivores). Consistent with the mRNA levels, Chia protein was very low in bovine stomach. In addition, the chitinolytic activity of E. coli-expressed bovine and dog Chia enzymes were moderately but significantly lower compared with those of the omnivorous Chia enzymes. Recombinant bovine and dog Chia enzymes can degrade chitin substrates under the artificial GIT conditions. Furthermore, genomes of some herbivorous animals such as rabbit and guinea pig do not contain functional Chia genes. These results indicate that feeding behavior affects Chia expression levels as well as chitinolytic activity of the enzyme, and determines chitin digestibility in the particular animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Tabata
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0015, Japan
| | - Akinori Kashimura
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0015, Japan
| | - Azusa Kikuchi
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0015, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Masuda
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0015, Japan
| | - Ryo Miyahara
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0015, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hiruma
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0015, Japan
| | - Satoshi Wakita
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0015, Japan
| | - Misa Ohno
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0015, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Sakaguchi
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0015, Japan
| | - Yasusato Sugahara
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0015, Japan
| | - Vaclav Matoska
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hematology and Immunology, Homolka Hospital, Roentgenova 37/2, Prague, 150 00, Czech Republic
| | - Peter O Bauer
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hematology and Immunology, Homolka Hospital, Roentgenova 37/2, Prague, 150 00, Czech Republic
- Bioinova Ltd., Videnska 1083, Prague, 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Fumitaka Oyama
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0015, Japan.
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Turan E, Sozmen B, Eltutan M, Sozmen EY. Serum chitotriosidase enzyme activity is closely related to HbA1c levels and the complications in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2017; 11 Suppl 1:S503-S506. [PMID: 28392356 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2017.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Chitotriosidase, is a macrophage sourced enzyme which shows high activity during the course of various storage disorders such as Gaucher's Disease. The aforementioned macrophage sourced enzyme, which has a role in basic immune response, is also high in patients with diabetes. This study was designed to determine the chitotriosidase activities in patients with diabetes and the relationship between the complication of diabetes and chitotriosidase activity. MATERIALS METHODS This study included 76 patients with type2 diabetes mellitus and 76 healthy subjects. The chitotriosidase activity of all serum samples were determined by fluorometric method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The chitotriosidase activity of patients having complications (neuropathy or nephropathy) were statistically significantly higher (p<0.05) than those of the controls. When the chitotriosidase activity of patients was evaluated regarding their glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, a progressive increase in chitotriosidase activity was observed in patients. The chitotriosidase activity of patients having higher HbA1c>10% levels was statistically significant higher than those of the control group's (p<0.05). It is shown that chitotriosidase activity might be a marker for some complications and is closely related to HbA1c levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Turan
- Atatürk Training Hospital, Dept. of Internal Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bulent Sozmen
- Medical Park Hospital, Dept. of Internal Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mine Eltutan
- Atatürk Training Hospital, Dept. of Internal Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Eser Y Sozmen
- Ege University, Faculty of Medicine, Dept. of Medical Biochemistry, Izmir, Turkey.
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Kimura M, Wakita S, Ishikawa K, Sekine K, Yoshikawa S, Sato A, Okawa K, Kashimura A, Sakaguchi M, Sugahara Y, Yamanaka D, Ohno N, Bauer PO, Oyama F. Functional Properties of Mouse Chitotriosidase Expressed in the Periplasmic Space of Escherichia coli. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164367. [PMID: 27716783 PMCID: PMC5055312 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitotriosidase (Chit1) is an enzyme associated with various diseases, including Gaucher disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Alzheimer disease and cystic fibrosis. In this study, we first expressed mouse mature Chit1 fused with V5 and (His)6 tags at the C-terminus (Chit1-V5-His) in the cytoplasm of Escherichia coli and found that most of the expressed protein was insoluble. In contrast, Chit1 tagged with Protein A at the N-terminus and V5-His at the C-terminus, was expressed in the periplasmic space of E. coli as a soluble protein and successfully purified. We evaluated the chitinolytic properties of the recombinant enzyme using 4-nitrophenyl N,N’-diacetyl-β-D-chitobioside [4NP-chitobioside, 4NP-(GlcNAc)2] and found that its activity was comparable to CHO cells-expressed Chit1-V5-His. Optimal conditions for the E. coli-produced Chit1 were pH ~5.0 at 50°C. Chit1 was stable after 1 h incubation at pH 5.0~11.0 on ice and its chitinolytic activity was lost at pH 2.0, although the affinity to chitin remained unchanged. Chit1 efficiently cleaved crystalline and colloidal chitin substrates as well as oligomers of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) releasing primarily (GlcNAc)2 fragments at pH 5.0. On the other hand, (GlcNAc)3 was relatively resistant to digestion by Chit1. The degradation of 4NP-(GlcNAc)2 and (GlcNAc)3 was less evident at pH 7.0~8.0, while (GlcNAc)2 production from colloidal chitin and (GlcNAc)6 at these pH conditions remained strong at the neutral conditions. Our results indicate that Chit1 degrades chitin substrates under physiological conditions and suggest its important pathophysiological roles in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Kimura
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192–0015, Japan
| | - Satoshi Wakita
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192–0015, Japan
| | - Kotarou Ishikawa
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192–0015, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Sekine
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192–0015, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yoshikawa
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192–0015, Japan
| | - Akira Sato
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192–0015, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Okawa
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192–0015, Japan
| | - Akinori Kashimura
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192–0015, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Sakaguchi
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192–0015, Japan
| | - Yasusato Sugahara
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192–0015, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yamanaka
- Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192–0392, Japan
| | - Naohito Ohno
- Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192–0392, Japan
| | - Peter O Bauer
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, United States of America
| | - Fumitaka Oyama
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192–0015, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Żurawska-Płaksej E, Knapik-Kordecka M, Rorbach-Dolata A, Piwowar A. Increased chitotriosidase activity in plasma of patients with type 2 diabetes. Arch Med Sci 2016; 12:977-984. [PMID: 27695487 PMCID: PMC5016580 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2016.60093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chitotriosidase (CHIT1) is a chitinolytic enzyme involved mainly in the immune and inflammatory response. It shows increased activity in many pathologies, including in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study aimed to investigate this enzyme's activity in plasma of patients with ongoing T2D and indicate factors related to the increased activity of this enzyme. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ninety-one patients and 46 control subjects without abnormalities in carbohydrate metabolism and inflammatory states were enrolled in the study. Plasma CHIT1 activity was measured by a spectrofluorometric method. Routine laboratory parameters such as blood glucose, total cholesterol and HDL fraction, triglyceride, glycated hemoglobin, white blood cell count and C-reactive protein were measured by standard methods. RESULTS We found that the chitotriosidase activity was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in type 2 diabetic patients and positively associated with parameters of glycemic control (levels of glucose and glycated hemoglobin) and blood pressure. Plasma glucose level and systolic blood pressure were independent determinants of increased CHIT1 activity in T2D patients, even after adjustment for disease duration, body mass index, parameters of inflammation and lipid metabolism. We also found that increased CHIT1 activity was associated with occurrence of diabetic angiopathies. CONCLUSIONS This investigation indicates a possible role of chitotriosidase in the course of T2D, especially in relation to development of diabetic angiopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Knapik-Kordecka
- Department and Clinic of Angiology, Hypertension and Diabetology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Agnieszka Piwowar
- Department of Toxicology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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Kadali S, Kolusu A, Sunkara S, Gummadi MR, Undamatla J. Clinical evaluation of chitotriosidase enzyme activity in Gaucher and Niemann Pick A/B diseases: A retrospective study from India. Clin Chim Acta 2016; 457:8-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Di Rosa M, Malaguarnera L. Chitotriosidase: A New Inflammatory Marker in Diabetic Complications. Pathobiology 2016; 83:211-9. [PMID: 27116685 DOI: 10.1159/000443932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitotriosidase (CHIT1) belongs to chitinase family. So far this enzyme has been the best investigated human chitinase regarding its biological activity and association with various disorders. In a healthy population, CHIT1 activity is very low and originates in the circulating polymorphonuclear cells. Conversely, during the development of acute/chronic inflammatory disorders, the enzymatic activity of CHIT1 increases significantly. Recently, CHIT1 has also been involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM). Mounting evidence from experimental studies revealing the increase of CHIT1 levels in pathological conditions, such as atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, acute ischemic stroke, cerebrovascular dementia, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and osteolytic processes suggest its critical role in the evolutions and complications of DM. This review is addressed to provide mechanistic insights by highlighting the relationship between CHIT1 and diabetes, and their contribution in the exacerbation of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelino Di Rosa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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17
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Association of chitotriosidase enzyme activity and genotype with the risk of nephropathy in type 2 diabetes. Clin Biochem 2016; 49:444-448. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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18
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Immunomodulatory Effects of Chitotriosidase Enzyme. Enzyme Res 2016; 2016:2682680. [PMID: 26881065 PMCID: PMC4735922 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2682680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitotriosidase enzyme (EC: 3.2.1.14) is the major active chitinase in the human body. It is produced mainly by activated macrophages, in which its expression is regulated by multiple intrinsic and extrinsic signals. Chitotriosidase was confirmed as essential element in the innate immunity against chitin containing organisms such as fungi and protozoa; however, its immunomodulatory effects extend far beyond innate immunity. In the current review, we will try to explore the expanding spectrum of immunological roles played by chitotriosidase enzyme in human health and disease and will discuss its up-to-date clinical value.
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Żurawska-Płaksej E, Ługowska A, Hetmańczyk K, Knapik-Kordecka M, Piwowar A. Neutrophils as a Source of Chitinases and Chitinase-Like Proteins in Type 2 Diabetes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141730. [PMID: 26517273 PMCID: PMC4627817 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The pathophysiological role of human chitinases and chitinase-like proteins (CLPs) is not fully understood. We aimed to determine the levels of neutrophil-derived chitotriosidase (CHIT1), acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase) and chitinase 3-like protein 1 (YKL-40) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and verify their association with metabolic and clinical conditions of these patients. METHODS Neutrophils were obtained from the whole blood by gradient density centrifugation from 94 T2D patients and 40 control subjects. The activities of CHIT1 and AMCase as well as leukocyte elastase (LE) were measured fluorometrically and concentration of YKL-40 immunoenzymatically. Also, routine laboratory parameters in serum/plasma were determined by standard methods. RESULTS The levels of all three examined proteins were about 2-times higher in diabetic patients in comparison to control subjects. They were significantly correlated with the activity of LE and increased progressively across tertiles of LE activity. Moreover, the activities of CHIT1 and AMCase were significantly correlated with each other. Metabolic compensation of diabetes did not influence the levels of these proteins. In the subgroup of patients with inflammatory evidence only YKL-40 concentration was significantly higher compared to those without inflammation. The highest levels of all three proteins were observed in patients with macroangiopathies. Insulin therapy was associated with lower levels of examined proteins. CONCLUSIONS We revealed that neutrophils may be an important source of the increased levels of chitinases and CLPs in T2D, and these proteins may participate in inflammatory mechanisms in the course of the disease and consequent development of diabetic angiopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Żurawska-Płaksej
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Ługowska
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Hetmańczyk
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Knapik-Kordecka
- Department of Angiology, Hypertension and Diabetology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Piwowar
- Department of Toxicology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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Żurawska-Płaksej E, Kratz EM, Ferens-Sieczkowska M, Knapik-Kordecka M, Piwowar A. Changes in glycosylation of human blood plasma chitotriosidase in patients with type 2 diabetes. Glycoconj J 2015; 33:29-39. [DOI: 10.1007/s10719-015-9629-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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21
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Żurawska-Płaksej E, Ługowska A, Hetmańczyk K, Knapik-Kordecka M, Adamiec R, Piwowar A. Proteins from the 18 glycosyl hydrolase family are associated with kidney dysfunction in patients with diabetes type 2. Biomarkers 2014; 20:52-7. [PMID: 25519006 DOI: 10.3109/1354750x.2014.992475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate chitotriosidase (CHIT1) activity and chitinase-3-like protein 1 (YKL-40) concentration in plasma of type 2 diabetic patients and evaluate their relationship with kidney dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS 94 diabetic subjects and 33 controls were enrolled in the study. Plasma CHIT1 activity and YKL-40 concentration were measured along with routine laboratory parameters. RESULTS Levels of CHIT1 and YKL-40 in plasma of type 2 diabetic patients increased progressively with the degree of albuminuria. CHIT1 discriminated normoalbuminuric subjects from those with abnormal albuminuria better than YKL-40. CONCLUSIONS CHIT1represent a supportive biomarker connected with development of diabetic vascular complications, especially kidney dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Żurawska-Płaksej
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University , Wroclaw , Poland
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Inflammatory marker levels in obese adolescents with glucose intolerance: Increased chitotriosidase activity. Clin Biochem 2012; 45:281-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Revised: 12/10/2011] [Accepted: 12/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Kanneganti M, Kamba A, Mizoguchi E. Role of chitotriosidase (chitinase 1) under normal and disease conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 5:1-9. [PMID: 23439988 DOI: 10.2174/1875044301205010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian chitinases belong to the glycosyl hydrolase 18 family based on structural homology and the family includes a large number of bacterial and eukaryotic chitinases. Among the mammalian chitinases, chitotriosidase (CHIT1) and acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase) are capable of hydrolyzing the β-(1, 4)-linkage between the adjacent N-acetyl glucosamine residues of chitin. CHIT1 is one of the most abundantly secreted proteins, being mainly produced by activated macrophages and epithelial cells. CHIT1 plays a pivotal role in the context of infectious disease including malaria and fungi infections as a host defense towards chitin in pathogen's cell structure and as a diagnostic marker of disease. In contrast, CHI1 released by activated Kupffer cells in liver could induce hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis. Increased serum levels of CHIT1 were observed in patients with many disorders, including Gaucher's disease, bronchial asthma, and atherosclerosis. Therefore, CHIT1 seems to have dual (regulatory and pathogenic) roles depending on the disease and producing cell types during the inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasa Kanneganti
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Kundak AA, Tascilar ME, Abaci A, Devrim I, Ozgen IT, Demirtek U, Ozturk O, Olgun A, Kurt I. Serum chitotriosidase activity: is it a new inflammatory marker in obese children? J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2012; 25:63-7. [PMID: 22570952 DOI: 10.1515/jpem.2011.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Chitotriosidase (ChT) is an enzyme secreted by activated macrophages and involved in defense against, and in degradation of chitin-containing pathogens, such as fungi, nematodes, and insects. In addition, it plays an important role in the development of atherosclerosis related with systemic low-grade inflammation. To this effect of activity of ChT, we aimed to investigate serum ChT activity in obese subjects and to determine to relation with insulin resistance and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP). A total of 73 obese subjects (10.9 +/- 2.6 years of age, 44 male patients) and 41 age and gender-matched healthy lean subjects (11.6 +/- 2.9 years of age, 18 male patients) were included in this study, between 2007 and 2008. The criterion for diagnosing obesity was defined as the body mass index (BMI) being over 97th percentile of the same gender and age. Fasting serum glucose, insulin, hsCRP and ChT levels were measured. We compared the differences in variables between obese and lean subjects with Student's t-test compared after ascertaining that the data were normally distributed. All data were expressed as mean +/- standard deviation. There was statistically significant increase in serum ChT activity of obese subjects, while there was statistically significant difference in serum hsCRP levels when compared to healthy lean subjects (30.0 +/- 17.9 and 23.0 +/- 17.8, p=0.045; 2.3 +/- 3.1 and 0.7 +/- 1.2, p=0.001). Obese subjects had significantly higher BMI-SDS, TG and HOMA-IR and lower HDL-C levels when compared with the healthy lean subjects (p<0.05). Correlation analysis showed no significant correlation between serum ChT activity and hsCRP, HOMA-IR and BMI-SDS (p>0.05). Although the data need to be validated by further investigation, the observations made in this study seem to indicate that serum ChT activity may not be a useful marker for monitoring systemic low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance in obese subjects.
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