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Peczkowski KK, Mashali MA, Saad NS, Hare A, Campbell CM, Whitson BA, Mokadam NA, Janssen PML. Quantification of Cardiac Adipose Tissue in Failing and Nonfailing Human Myocardium. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e025405. [PMID: 35730642 PMCID: PMC9333403 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.025405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Because body mass index (BMI) is generally used clinically to define obesity and to estimate body adiposity, BMI likely is positively correlated with epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) level. Based on echocardiography, previous outcomes on this matter have varied from almost absent to rather strong correlations between BMI and EAT. The purpose of our study was to unambiguously examine EAT content and determine if correlations exist between EAT content and BMI, cause of heart failure, or contractile force. Methods and Results We qualitatively scored 150 human hearts ex vivo on EAT distribution. From each heart, multiple photographs of the heart were taken, and both atrial and ventricular adipose tissue levels were semiquantitatively scored. Main findings include a generally higher EAT content on nonfailing hearts compared with end‐stage failing hearts (atrial adipose tissue level 5.70±0.13 vs. 5.00±0.12, P<0.001; ventricular adipose tissue level 5.14±0.16 vs. 4.57±0.12, P=0.0048). The results also suggest that EAT quantity is not strongly correlated with BMI in nonfailing (atrial adipose tissue level r=0.069, ventricular adipose tissue level r=0.14) or failing (atrial adipose tissue level r=−0.022, ventricular adipose tissue level r=0.051) hearts. Atrial EAT is closely correlated with ventricular EAT in both nonfailing (r=0.92, P<0.001) and failing (r=0.87, P<0.001) hearts. Conclusions EAT volume appears to be inversely proportional to severity of or length of time with heart failure based on our findings. Based on a lack of correlation with BMI, it is incorrect to assume high EAT volume given high body fat percentage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyra K Peczkowski
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology College of Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus OH.,Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute The Ohio State University Columbus OH
| | - Mohammed A Mashali
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology College of Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus OH.,Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute The Ohio State University Columbus OH
| | - Nancy S Saad
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology College of Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus OH.,Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute The Ohio State University Columbus OH
| | - Austin Hare
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology College of Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus OH.,Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute The Ohio State University Columbus OH
| | - Courtney M Campbell
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology College of Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus OH.,Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute The Ohio State University Columbus OH.,Department of Internal Medicine College of Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus OH
| | - Bryan A Whitson
- Division of Cardiac Surgery College of Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus OH
| | - Nahush A Mokadam
- Division of Cardiac Surgery College of Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus OH
| | - Paul M L Janssen
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology College of Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus OH.,Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute The Ohio State University Columbus OH.,Department of Internal Medicine College of Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus OH
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Image segmentation of post-mortem computed tomography data in forensic imaging: Methods and applications. FORENSIC IMAGING 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fri.2021.200483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Yin R, Tang X, Wang T, Shi H, Wang X, Wang X, Pan C. Cardiac CT scanning in coronary artery disease: Epicardial fat volume and its correlation with coronary artery lesions and left ventricular function. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:2961-2968. [PMID: 32855661 PMCID: PMC7444410 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major and common disease that poses a threat to human health. Recent studies suggested that epicardial fat may have an important role in the pathogenesis of CAD. Therefore, the association between epicardial fat volume (EFV) and left ventricular function with CAD was investigated in the present study. A total of 61 patients with suspected CAD who underwent CT scanning were enrolled. Baseline data, parameters of left heart function and EFV of the subjects were collected and analyzed. The degree of coronary artery lesions was assessed using the Gensini score. Pearson's correlation analysis and a logistic regression model were applied to assess the association between EFV and risk factors for CAD, the Gensini score and left ventricular function index. A total of 29 female and 32 male subjects with a median age of 63 years were enrolled. The median body mass index (BMI) of the subjects was 23.37 kg/m2 and the median EFV was 86.41 cm3. It was revealed that risk factors of CAD, specially hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, history of myocardial infarction and smoking, had no significant association with the EFV (P>0.05); however, the EFV was significantly positively correlated with the BMI (r=0.479, P<0.0001), interventricular septal thickness (r=0.436, P=0.004), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (r=0.350, P=0.0058), left ventricular end diastolic diameter (r=0.265, P=0.0388), left ventricular mass (r=0.445, P=0.0003) and left ventricular mass index (r=0.371, P=0.0035). However, no correlation was identified between the EFV and the Gensini score (r=0.131, P=0.3137). In conclusion, the EFV measured by cardiac CT scanning was positively correlated with the BMI and left ventricular function, but was not associated with the presence of CAD according to the Gensini scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruohan Yin
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Tang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P.R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P.R. China
| | - Haifeng Shi
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P.R. China
| | - Changjie Pan
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P.R. China
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Nishizawa A, Suemoto CK, Farias-Itao DS, Campos FM, Silva KCS, Bittencourt MS, Grinberg LT, Leite REP, Ferretti-Rebustini REL, Farfel JM, Jacob-Filho W, Pasqualucci CA. Morphometric measurements of systemic atherosclerosis and visceral fat: Evidence from an autopsy study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186630. [PMID: 29036197 PMCID: PMC5643130 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Morphometric measurements of systemic atherosclerosis and direct quantification of visceral fat are only possible using materials from autopsy studies. However, the few autopsy studies that have investigated the association of visceral fat with atherosclerosis had small sample sizes and focused on coronary arteries of young or middle-aged White subjects. We aimed to investigate the association of pericardial fat (PF) and abdominal visceral fat (AVF) with atherosclerosis in the aorta, coronary, carotid, and cerebral arteries in a large autopsy study. Materials and methods We evaluated deceased subjects aged 30 years or above. We dissected and weighted the PF and the AVF and evaluated the atherosclerotic burden in the aorta, as well as the carotid, coronary, and cerebral arteries using morphometric measurements. We also investigated the interaction of PF and AVF with age regarding the atherosclerotic burden. Results The mean age of the 240 included subjects was 64.8±15.3 years, and 63% was male. Greater PF was associated with a higher degree of aortic atherosclerosis after adjusting for confounding variables (coefficient = 4.39, 95% CI = 0.83; 7.94, p = 0.02). Greater AVF was associated with a higher coronary stenosis index (coefficient = 1.49, 95% CI = 0.15; 2.83, p = 0.03) and a greater number of coronary plaques (coefficient = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.24; 1.19, p = 0.003). We did not find an association of PF or AVF with carotid or cerebral atherosclerotic burden. We found a significant interaction of AVF (coefficient = -0.08; 95% CI = -0.14; -0.02, p = 0.009) and PF (coefficient = -0.87, 95% CI = -1.70; -0.04, p = 0.04) with age regarding carotid artery atherosclerotic burden. Conclusions Greater AVF was associated with greater atherosclerotic burden and extent in coronary arteries, while greater PF correlated with a higher degree of atherosclerosis in the aorta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Nishizawa
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathology (LIM-22), Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Pathophysiology in Aging Lab/Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group (LIM-22), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Claudia K. Suemoto
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathology (LIM-22), Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Pathophysiology in Aging Lab/Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group (LIM-22), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Discipline of Geriatrics, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela S. Farias-Itao
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathology (LIM-22), Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Pathophysiology in Aging Lab/Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group (LIM-22), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda M. Campos
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathology (LIM-22), Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karen C. S. Silva
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathology (LIM-22), Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Pathophysiology in Aging Lab/Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group (LIM-22), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcio S. Bittencourt
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital and State of São Paulo Cancer Institute (ICESP), University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Preventive Medicine Center, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein and School of Medicine, Faculdade Israelita de Ciência da Saúde Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lea T. Grinberg
- Pathophysiology in Aging Lab/Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group (LIM-22), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata E. P. Leite
- Pathophysiology in Aging Lab/Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group (LIM-22), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Discipline of Geriatrics, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata E. L. Ferretti-Rebustini
- Pathophysiology in Aging Lab/Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group (LIM-22), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, University of São Paulo Nursing School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jose M. Farfel
- Pathophysiology in Aging Lab/Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group (LIM-22), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Discipline of Geriatrics, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wilson Jacob-Filho
- Pathophysiology in Aging Lab/Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group (LIM-22), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Discipline of Geriatrics, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos A. Pasqualucci
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathology (LIM-22), Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Pathophysiology in Aging Lab/Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group (LIM-22), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Increased Epicardial Fat Thickness in Sudden Death From Stable Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 38:162-166. [DOI: 10.1097/paf.0000000000000310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Nishizawa A, Suemoto CK, Farias DS, Campos FM, da Silva KCS, Cuelho A, Leite REP, Ferretti-Rebustini REDL, Grinberg LT, Farfel JM, Jacob-Filho W, Pasqualucci CA. Association between adiposity and systemic atherosclerosis: a protocol of a cross-sectional autopsy study. Open Heart 2016; 3:e000433. [PMID: 27621828 PMCID: PMC5013354 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2016-000433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adiposity has been associated with atherosclerosis in clinical studies. However, few autopsy studies have investigated this association, and they had only examined the coronary artery disease. Moreover, most studies had small sample sizes and were limited to middle-aged or young adults. Our aim is to investigate the association between adiposity and systemic atherosclerosis in an autopsy study. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A sample of 240 deceased with 30 years or more will be evaluated. The sample size was calculated using the lowest correlation coefficient found in previous studies (r=0.109), assuming a power of 90% and α=0.05. We will collect information about sociodemographics, frequency of previous contact of the deceased's next of kin and cardiovascular risk factors. We will measure neck, waist and hip circumferences, weight, height and abdominal subcutaneous tissue thickness, and then we will calculate the body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio and body shape index. We will also weigh the pericardial and abdominal visceral fat, the heart, and we will measure the left ventricular wall thickness. We will evaluate the presence of myocardial infarction, the degree of atherosclerosis in the aorta, carotid, coronary and cerebral arteries and plaque composition in carotid, coronary and cerebral arteries. For each individual, we will fix arterial and adipose tissue samples in 10% formalin and freeze another adipose tissue sample at -80°C for future studies. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Brazil. Results will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Nishizawa
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathology (LIM-22), Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Pathophysiology in Aging Lab/Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group (LIM-22), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudia Kimie Suemoto
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathology (LIM-22), Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Pathophysiology in Aging Lab/Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group (LIM-22), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Discipline of Geriatrics, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Souza Farias
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathology (LIM-22), Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Pathophysiology in Aging Lab/Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group (LIM-22), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Marinho Campos
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathology (LIM-22), Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karen Cristina Souza da Silva
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathology (LIM-22), Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Pathophysiology in Aging Lab/Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group (LIM-22), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anderson Cuelho
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathology (LIM-22), Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Pathophysiology in Aging Lab/Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group (LIM-22), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata Elaine Paraízo Leite
- Pathophysiology in Aging Lab/Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group (LIM-22), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Discipline of Geriatrics, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata Eloah de Lucena Ferretti-Rebustini
- Pathophysiology in Aging Lab/Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group (LIM-22), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- University of São Paulo School of Nursing, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lea Tenenholz Grinberg
- Pathophysiology in Aging Lab/Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group (LIM-22), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - José Marcelo Farfel
- Pathophysiology in Aging Lab/Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group (LIM-22), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Discipline of Geriatrics, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wilson Jacob-Filho
- Pathophysiology in Aging Lab/Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group (LIM-22), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Discipline of Geriatrics, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Augusto Pasqualucci
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathology (LIM-22), Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Pathophysiology in Aging Lab/Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group (LIM-22), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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