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Mycobacteria-Based Vaccines as Immunotherapy for Non-urological Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071802. [PMID: 32635668 PMCID: PMC7408281 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The arsenal against different types of cancers has increased impressively in the last decade. The detailed knowledge of the tumor microenvironment enables it to be manipulated in order to help the immune system fight against tumor cells by using specific checkpoint inhibitors, cell-based treatments, targeted antibodies, and immune stimulants. In fact, it is widely known that the first immunotherapeutic tools as immune stimulants for cancer treatment were bacteria and still are; specifically, the use of Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) continues to be the treatment of choice for preventing cancer recurrence and progression in non-invasive bladder cancer. BCG and also other mycobacteria or their components are currently under study for the immunotherapeutic treatment of different malignancies. This review focuses on the preclinical and clinical assays using mycobacteria to treat non-urological cancers, providing a wide knowledge of the beneficial applications of these microorganisms to manipulate the tumor microenvironment aiming at tumor clearance.
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Wang S, Huang W, Li K, Yao Y, Yang X, Bai H, Sun W, Liu C, Ma Y. Engineered outer membrane vesicle is potent to elicit HPV16E7-specific cellular immunity in a mouse model of TC-1 graft tumor. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:6813-6825. [PMID: 28979120 PMCID: PMC5602458 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s143264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Currently, therapeutic tumor vaccines under development generally lack significant effects in human clinical trials. Exploring a powerful antigen delivery system is a potential approach to improve vaccine efficacy. We sought to explore engineered bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) as a new vaccine carrier for efficiently delivering tumor antigens and provoking robust antitumor immune responses. MATERIALS AND METHODS First, the tumoral antigen human papillomavirus type 16 early protein E7 (HPV16E7) was presented on Escherichia coli-derived OMVs by genetic engineering methods, acquiring the recombinant OMV vaccine. Second, the ability of recombinant OMVs delivering their components and the model antigen green fluorescent protein to antigen-presenting cells was investigated in the macrophage Raw264.7 cells and in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells in vitro. Third, it was evaluated in TC-1 graft tumor model in mice that the recombinant OMVs displaying HPV16E7 stimulated specific cellular immune response and intervened the growth of established tumor. RESULTS E. coli DH5α-derived OMVs could be taken up rapidly by dendritic cells, for which vesicle structure has been proven to be important. OMVs significantly stimulated the expression of dendritic cellmaturation markers CD80, CD86, CD83 and CD40. The HPV16E7 was successfully embedded in engineered OMVs through gene recombinant techniques. Subcutaneous immunization with the engineered OMVs induced E7 antigen-specific cellular immune responses, as shown by the increased numbers of interferon-gamma-expressing splenocytes by enzyme-linked immunospot assay and interferon-gamma-expressing CD4+ and CD8+ cells by flow cytometry analyses. Furthermore, the growth of grafted TC-1 tumors in mice was significantly suppressed by therapeutic vaccination. The recombinant E7 proteins presented by OMVs were more potent than those mixed with wild-type OMVs or administered alone for inducing specific cellular immunity and suppressing tumor growth. CONCLUSION The results indicated that the nano-grade OMVs might be a useful vaccine platform for antigen delivery in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases.,Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Huang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases.,Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Kui Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases.,Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Yao
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases.,Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases.,Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongmei Bai
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases.,Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjia Sun
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases.,Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Cunbao Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases.,Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanbing Ma
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Diseases.,Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, People's Republic of China
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Roopngam P, Liu K, Mei L, Zheng Y, Zhu X, Tsai HI, Huang L. Hepatitis C virus E2 protein encapsulation into poly d, l-lactic- co-glycolide microspheres could induce mice cytotoxic T-cell response. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:5361-5370. [PMID: 27789948 PMCID: PMC5072560 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s109081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is known to cause hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. E2 envelope glycoprotein of HCV type (HCV-E2) has been reported to bind human host cells and is a major target for developing anti-HCV vaccines. However, the therapeutic vaccine for infected patients still needs further development. The vaccine aims to provide cytotoxic T-cells to eliminate infected cells and hepatocellular carcinoma. Currently, there is no effective HCV therapeutic vaccine because most chronically infected patients rarely generate cytotoxic T-cells, even though they have high levels of neutralizing antibodies. Therefore, the adjuvant must be applied to enhance the efficacy of the therapeutic vaccine. In this study, we constructed HCV1b-E2 recombinant protein, a truncated form of peptide, to combine with an effective vaccine adjuvant and delivery system by using poly d,l-lactic-co-glycolide (PLGA) microspheres. HCV1b-E2 protein was effectively encapsulated into PLGA microspheres (HCV1b-E2-PLGA) as a strategy to deliver an insoluble form of HCV1b-E2 protein. The size and shape of PLGA microspheres were generated properly to carry an insoluble form of viral peptide in vivo. The encapsulated viral protein was slowly and continuously released from PLGA microspheres, which indicated the property of the adjuvant. HCV1b-E2-PLGA can trigger a cell-mediated immune response by inducing an expression of mice CD8+ T-cells. Our results demonstrated that HCV1b-E2-PLGA-immunized mice have a significantly increased CD8+ T-cell number, whereas HCV1b-E2-immunized mice have a lower number of CD8+ T-cells. Moreover, HCV1b-E2-PLGA could induce a specific antibody to viral protein, and the immune cells could secrete IFN-γ, which is a significant cytokine for viral response. Thus, HCV1b-E2-PLGA is shown to have adjuvant property and efficacy in the murine model, which is a good strategy to develop HCV prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyachat Roopngam
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; The Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene and Antibody Therapy, Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Division of Life and Health Sciences, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Kewei Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; The Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene and Antibody Therapy, Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Division of Life and Health Sciences, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Mei
- The Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene and Antibody Therapy, Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Division of Life and Health Sciences, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zheng
- The Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene and Antibody Therapy, Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Division of Life and Health Sciences, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianbing Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; The Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene and Antibody Therapy, Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Division of Life and Health Sciences, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Hsiang-I Tsai
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; The Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene and Antibody Therapy, Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Division of Life and Health Sciences, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Laiqiang Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; The Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene and Antibody Therapy, Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Division of Life and Health Sciences, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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Menderes G, Black J, Schwab CL, Santin AD. Immunotherapy and targeted therapy for cervical cancer: an update. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2015; 16:83-98. [PMID: 26568261 DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2016.1121108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The prognosis of patients with metastatic cervical cancer is poor with a median survival of 8-13 months. Despite the potency of chemotherapeutic drugs, this treatment is rarely curative and should be considered palliative only. In the last few years, a better understanding of Human papillomavirus tumor-host immune system interactions and the development of new therapeutics targeting immune check points have renewed interest in the use of immunotherapy in cervical cancer patients. Moreover, next generation sequencing has emerged as an attractive option for the identification of actionable driver mutations and other markers. In this review, we provide background information on the molecular biology of cervical cancer and summarize immunotherapy studies, targeted therapies, including those with angiogenesis inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors recently completed or currently on-going in cervical cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulden Menderes
- a Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Jonathan Black
- a Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Carlton L Schwab
- a Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Alessandro D Santin
- a Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA
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Wahiduzzaman M, Sharma C, Dey B, Bhatla N, Singh N. Development of chimeric candidate vaccine against HPV18: a proof of concept. Immunol Res 2015; 62:189-97. [PMID: 25929429 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-015-8650-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are prerequisite for the development of cervical cancer, with HPV16 and HPV18 being the most prevalent. Despite the fact that two prophylactic vaccines against HPVs are in the market, wide-scale application of the vaccine in developing countries is a major problem as far as cost of the vaccine and lack of therapeutic efficacy are concerned. Hence, the aim of our study was to develop HPV18 L1E7 chimeric virus-like particles (CVLPs) vaccine candidate possessing both, prophylactic and therapeutic potential against HPV18-associated cervical cancer. In this study, we have developed a potential candidate vaccine against HPV18 involving HPV18 L1E7 CVLPs, which was expressed in E. coli and assembled in vitro. These CVLPs were able to induce a neutralizing antibody response as well as a cell-mediated immune response in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Wahiduzzaman
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Room No. 3027A, New Delhi, 110029, India,
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Guo J, Yang Y, Xiao W, Sun W, Yu H, Du L, Lustigman S, Jiang S, Kou Z, Zhou Y. A truncated fragment of Ov-ASP-1 consisting of the core pathogenesis-related-1 (PR-1) domain maintains adjuvanticity as the full-length protein. Vaccine 2015; 33:1974-80. [PMID: 25736195 PMCID: PMC7115538 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The Onchocerca volvulus activation-associated secreted protein-1 (Ov-ASP-1) has good adjuvanticity for a variety of antigens and vaccines, probably due to its ability activate antigen-processing cells (APCs). However, the functional domain of Ov-ASP-1 as an adjuvant is not clearly defined. Based on the structural prediction of this protein family, we constructed a 16-kDa recombinant protein of Ov-ASP-1 that contains only the core pathogenesis-related-1 (PR-1) domain (residues 10-153), designated ASPPR. We found that ASPPR exhibits adjuvanticity similar to that of the full-length Ov-ASP-1 (residues 10-220) for various antigens, including ovalbumin (OVA), HBsAg protein antigen, and the HIV peptide 5 (Pep5) antigen, but it is more suitable for vaccine design in ASPPR-antigen fusion proteins, and more stable in PBS than Ov-ASP-1 stored at -70 °C. These results suggest that ASPPR might be the functional region of Ov-ASP-1 as an adjuvant, and therefore could be developed as an adjuvant for human use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Wenjun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Weilai Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Hong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Lanying Du
- Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sara Lustigman
- Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shibo Jiang
- Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, USA; Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihua Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China.
| | - Yusen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China.
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Teng WQ, Chen XP, Xue XC, Zhang Y, Tan XJ, Sun G, Wang Y, Wang L. Distribution of 37 human papillomavirus types in parotid gland tumor tissues. Oncol Lett 2013; 7:834-838. [PMID: 24527091 PMCID: PMC3919866 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2013.1770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been shown to be associated with human tumorigenesis. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the association between HPV infection and parotid gland tumors. Paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 59 cases of parotid gland tumors and 20 normal oral mucosa were subjected to DNA extraction and flow-through hybridization and gene chip technology to detect infection of 37 HPV types. The HPV-positive rate was 57.6% in parotid gland tumor paraffin-embedded tissue specimens, whereas, the normal control group was negative for HPV. The HPV-positive rate was 59.6% in parotid gland benign tumor tissues and 42.9% in parotid malignant tissues. HPV infection in parotid gland tumors was dominated by the high-risk subtypes (80.7%), which mainly consisted of HPV 16, 18 and 52 (61.4%). In addition, parotid gland tumor tissues were found to be infected by multiple or single types of HPV, but were predominantly infected by mixed HPV types. In this study, we found that the occurrence of parotid gland tumor is correlated with HPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Qiang Teng
- Graduate College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ping Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Cheng Xue
- Graduate College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Jun Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Wanzhou Shanghai Hospital, Chongqing 404100, P.R. China
| | - Guangbin Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Graduate College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
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