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Auricchio AM, Baroni S, Rezai Jahromi B, Valz Gris A, Sturiale CL, Ceccarelli GM, Obersnel M, Menna G, Martinelli R, Napoli G, Scarcia L, Alexandre A, Caricato A, Di Bonaventura R, Albanese A, Marchese E, Covino M, Olivi A, Della Pepa GM. Predicting Role of GFAP and UCH-L1 biomarkers in Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: a preliminary study to evaluate in the short-term their correlation with severity of bleeding and prognosis. J Clin Neurosci 2024; 126:119-127. [PMID: 38870641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2024.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spontaneous non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (sSAH) is a severe brain vascular accident. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) can be theoretically assayed to predict a patient's progression, picturing different aspects of clinical failure after sSAH. The study aims to: a) explore the correlation between sSAH blood volume and biomarkers variation; b) evaluate if these can be predictive of the neurogenic response after sSAH and be prognostic of patient outcome; c) establish eventual threshold levels of biomarkers to define patients' clinical outcome. METHODS Blood volumetry at CT scan upon admission, GFAP and UCH-L1 were collected at 24 h, at 72 h, and after 7 days from hemorrhage. Trends and cut-off serum sampling were determined. Clinical outcome was assessed with mRS scale at 14 days. RESULTS A strong correlation between GFAP and UCH-L1 and blood diffusion volume in all explored serum intervals related to unfavorable outcome. GFAP and UCH-L1 were very early predictors of unfavorable outcomes at 24 h from sSAH (p = 0.002 and 0.011 respectively). Threshold levels of UCH-L1 apparently revealed a very early, early and late predictor of unfavorable outcomes. CONCLUSION GFAP and UCH-L1 represent a potential tool for prompt monitoring and customization of therapies in neurosurgical patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Auricchio
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Silvia Baroni
- Department of Diagnostic and Laboratory Medicine, Unity of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Molecular Biology, Corelab, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensive Care and Perioperative Clinics Research, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Behnam Rezai Jahromi
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Angelica Valz Gris
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Section of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmelo Lucio Sturiale
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Maria Ceccarelli
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Obersnel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Grazia Menna
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Renata Martinelli
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Napoli
- Department of Diagnostic and Laboratory Medicine, Unity of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Molecular Biology, Corelab, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Scarcia
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Alexandre
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Anselmo Caricato
- Department of Emergency, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rina Di Bonaventura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Albanese
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Marchese
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Covino
- Emergency Medicine Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Olivi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maria Della Pepa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Bagg MK, Hicks AJ, Hellewell SC, Ponsford JL, Lannin NA, O'Brien TJ, Cameron PA, Cooper DJ, Rushworth N, Gabbe BJ, Fitzgerald M. The Australian Traumatic Brain Injury Initiative: Statement of Working Principles and Rapid Review of Methods to Define Data Dictionaries for Neurological Conditions. Neurotrauma Rep 2024; 5:424-447. [PMID: 38660461 PMCID: PMC11040195 DOI: 10.1089/neur.2023.0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The Australian Traumatic Brain Injury Initiative (AUS-TBI) aims to develop a health informatics approach to collect data predictive of outcomes for persons with moderate-severe TBI across Australia. Central to this approach is a data dictionary; however, no systematic reviews of methods to define and develop data dictionaries exist to-date. This rapid systematic review aimed to identify and characterize methods for designing data dictionaries to collect outcomes or variables in persons with neurological conditions. Database searches were conducted from inception through October 2021. Records were screened in two stages against set criteria to identify methods to define data dictionaries for neurological conditions (International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision: 08, 22, and 23). Standardized data were extracted. Processes were checked at each stage by independent review of a random 25% of records. Consensus was reached through discussion where necessary. Thirty-nine initiatives were identified across 29 neurological conditions. No single established or recommended method for defining a data dictionary was identified. Nine initiatives conducted systematic reviews to collate information before implementing a consensus process. Thirty-seven initiatives consulted with end-users. Methods of consultation were "roundtable" discussion (n = 30); with facilitation (n = 16); that was iterative (n = 27); and frequently conducted in-person (n = 27). Researcher stakeholders were involved in all initiatives and clinicians in 25. Importantly, only six initiatives involved persons with lived experience of TBI and four involved carers. Methods for defining data dictionaries were variable and reporting is sparse. Our findings are instructive for AUS-TBI and can be used to further development of methods for defining data dictionaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew K. Bagg
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Amelia J. Hicks
- School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Monash-Epworth Rehabilitation Research Centre, Epworth Healthcare, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah C. Hellewell
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jennie L. Ponsford
- School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Monash-Epworth Rehabilitation Research Centre, Epworth Healthcare, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Natasha A. Lannin
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Terence J. O'Brien
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter A. Cameron
- National Trauma Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Emergency and Trauma Centre, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - D. Jamie Cooper
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Intensive Care and Hyperbaric Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nick Rushworth
- Brain Injury Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Belinda J. Gabbe
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Health Data Research UK, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Singleton Park, United Kingdom
| | - Melinda Fitzgerald
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
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Shah VA, Hinson HE, Reznik ME, Hahn CD, Alexander S, Elmer J, Chou SHY. Common Data Elements for Disorders of Consciousness: Recommendations from the Working Group on Biospecimens and Biomarkers. Neurocrit Care 2024; 40:58-64. [PMID: 38087173 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-023-01883-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC), laboratory and molecular biomarkers may help define endotypes, identify therapeutic targets, prognosticate outcomes, and guide patient selection in clinical trials. We performed a systematic review to identify common data elements (CDEs) and key design elements (KDEs) for future coma and DoC research. METHODS The Curing Coma Campaign Biospecimens and Biomarkers work group, composed of seven invited members, reviewed existing biomarker and biospecimens CDEs and conducted a systematic literature review for laboratory and molecular biomarkers using predetermined search words and standardized methodology. Identified CDEs and KDEs were adjudicated into core, basic, supplemental, or experimental CDEs per National Institutes of Health classification based on level of evidence, reproducibility, and generalizability across different diseases through a consensus process. RESULTS Among existing National Institutes of Health CDEs, those developed for ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, and subarachnoid hemorrhage were most relevant to DoC and included. KDEs were common to all disease states and included biospecimen collection time points, baseline indicator, biological source, anatomical location of collection, collection method, and processing and storage methodology. Additionally, two disease core, nine basic, 24 supplemental, and 59 exploratory biomarker CDEs were identified. Results were summarized and generated into a Laboratory Data and Biospecimens Case Report Form (CRF) and underwent public review. A final CRF version 1.0 is reported here. CONCLUSIONS Exponential growth in biomarkers development has generated a growing number of potential experimental biomarkers associated with DoC, but few meet the quality, reproducibility, and generalizability criteria to be classified as core and basic biomarker and biospecimen CDEs. Identification and adaptation of KDEs, however, contribute to standardizing methodology to promote harmonization of future biomarker and biospecimens studies in DoC. Development of this CRF serves as a basic building block for future DoC studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishank A Shah
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Neurology, Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - H E Hinson
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael E Reznik
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Cecil D Hahn
- Division of Neurology, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sheila Alexander
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jonathan Elmer
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sherry H-Y Chou
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Nampei M, Suzuki Y, Nakajima H, Oinaka H, Kawakita F, Suzuki H. Acute-Phase Plasma Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor Predicting Outcomes after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in the Elderly. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1701. [PMID: 38338974 PMCID: PMC10855834 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has increased with the aging of the population, but the outcome for elderly SAH patients is very poor. Therefore, predicting the outcome is important for determining whether to pursue aggressive treatment. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a matricellular protein that is induced in the brain, and the plasma levels could be used as a biomarker for the severity of metabolic diseases. This study investigated whether acute-phase plasma PEDF levels could predict outcomes after aneurysmal SAH in the elderly. Plasma samples and clinical variables were collected over 1-3 days, post-SAH, from 56 consecutive elderly SAH patients ≥75 years of age registered in nine regional stroke centers in Japan between September 2013 and December 2016. The samples and variables were analyzed in terms of 3-month outcomes. Acute-phase plasma PEDF levels were significantly elevated in patients with ultimately poor outcomes, and the cutoff value of 12.6 µg/mL differentiated 3-month outcomes with high sensitivity (75.6%) and specificity (80.0%). Acute-phase plasma PEDF levels of ≥12.6 µg/mL were an independent and possibly better predictor of poor outcome than previously reported clinical variables. Acute-phase plasma PEDF levels may serve as the first biomarker to predict 3-month outcomes and to select elderly SAH patients who should be actively treated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hidenori Suzuki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (M.N.); (Y.S.); (H.N.); (H.O.); (F.K.)
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5
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Savarraj JPJ, McBride DW, Park E, Hinds S, Paz A, Gusdon A, Xuefang R, Pan S, Ahnstedt H, Colpo GD, Kim E, Zhao Z, McCullough L, Choi HA. Leucine-Rich Alpha-2-Glycoprotein 1 is a Systemic Biomarker of Early Brain Injury and Delayed Cerebral Ischemia After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care 2023; 38:771-780. [PMID: 36577901 PMCID: PMC10247387 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-022-01652-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND After subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), early brain injury (EBI) and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) lead to poor outcomes. Discovery of biomarkers indicative of disease severity and predictive of DCI is important. We tested whether leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is a marker of severity, DCI, and functional outcomes after SAH. METHODS We performed untargeted proteomics using mass spectrometry in plasma samples collected at < 48 h of SAH in two independent discovery cohorts (n = 27 and n = 45) and identified LRG1 as a biomarker for DCI. To validate our findings, we used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and confirmed this finding in an internal validation cohort of plasma from 72 study participants with SAH (22 DCI and 50 non-DCI). Further, we investigated the relationship between LRG1 and markers of EBI, DCI, and poor functional outcomes (quantified by the modified Rankin Scale). We also measured cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of LRG1 and investigated its relationship to EBI, DCI, and clinical outcomes. RESULTS Untargeted proteomics revealed higher plasma LRG1 levels across EBI severity and DCI in both discovery cohorts. In the validation cohort, the levels of LRG1 were higher in the DCI group compared with the non-DCI group (mean (SD): 95 [44] vs. 72 [38] pg/ml, p < 0.05, Student's t-test) and in study participants who proceeded to have poor functional outcomes (84 [39.3] vs. 72 [43.2] pg/ml, p < 0.05). Elevated plasma LRG1 levels were also associated with markers of EBI. However, CSF levels of LRG1 were not associated with EBI severity or the occurrence of DCI. CONCLUSIONS Plasma LRG1 is a biomarker for EBI, DCI, and functional outcomes after SAH. Further studies to elucidate the role of LRG1 in the pathophysiology of SAH are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jude P J Savarraj
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Devin W McBride
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Eunsu Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Sarah Hinds
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Atzhiry Paz
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Aaron Gusdon
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ren Xuefang
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Sheng Pan
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hilda Ahnstedt
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gabriela Delevati Colpo
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eunhee Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics and Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Louise McCullough
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Huimahn Alex Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Li J, Liu W, Anniwaer A, Li B, Chen Y, Yu Z, Yu X. The Role of MicroRNAs in Predicting the Neurological Outcome of Patients with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Meta-analysis. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s10571-023-01327-7. [PMID: 36943493 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01327-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease with an extremely poor prognosis. The molecular mechanism and biomarkers involved in neurological outcome after SAH still need to be explored. This study assessed the microRNA expression characteristics of SAH patients with different neurological outcomes by meta-analysis. Public databases were searched from database inception until December 2022. The study reported that microRNA expression data in SAH patients with different neurological outcomes were included in the analysis. The differential expression of miRNAs was evaluated by meta-analysis. Overrepresentation analysis was performed for the targeted genes of significant miRNAs. The XGBoost algorithm was used to assess the predictive ability for neurological outcomes with clinical characteristics and significantly expressed miRNAs. Seven studies were finally included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that the levels of miR-152-3p (SMD: - 0.230; 95% CI - 0.389, - 0.070; padj = 0.041), miR-221-3p (SMD: - 0.286; 95% CI - 0.446, - 0.127; padj = 0.007), and miR-34a-5p (SMD: - 0.227; 95% CI - 0.386, - 0.067; padj = 0.041) were significantly lower in SAH patients with good neurological outcomes than in those with poor neurological outcomes. The PI3K-AKT signaling pathway may have an important role in neurological recovery after SAH. Based on the XGBoost algorithm, the neurological outcome could be accurately predicted with clinical characteristics plus the three miRNAs. The expression levels of miR-152-3p, miR-221-3p, and miR-34a-5p were significantly lower in patients with good neurological outcomes than in those with poor outcomes. These miRNAs can serve as potential predictive biomarkers for neurological outcomes. The molecular mechanism and biomarkers involved in neurological outcome after SAH still need to be explored. Our study analyzed microRNA expression characteristics of SAH patients with different neurological outcomes by meta-analysis. After analyze studies reporting the microRNA expression data in SAH patients with different neurological outcomes, results show that the levels of miR-152-3p, miR-221-3p, and miR-34a-5p were significantly lower in SAH patients with good neurological outcomes than in those with poor neurological outcomes. The PI3K-AKT signaling pathway may have an important role in neurological recovery after SAH. Based on the XGBoost algorithm, the neurological outcome could be accurately predicted with clinical characteristics plus the three miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, Xinjiang Province, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, Xinjiang Province, China
| | - Ankaerjiang Anniwaer
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, Xinjiang Province, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, Xinjiang Province, China
| | - Yutang Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, Xinjiang Province, China
| | - Zhaoxia Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, Xinjiang Province, China.
| | - Xiangyou Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, Xinjiang Province, China.
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Suzuki Y, Oinaka H, Nakajima H, Nampei M, Kawakita F, Miura Y, Yasuda R, Toma N, Suzuki H. Plasma Fibulin-5 Levels as an Independent Predictor of a Poor Outcome after an Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315184. [PMID: 36499510 PMCID: PMC9740042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a poor-outcome disease with a delayed neurological exacerbation. Fibulin-5 (FBLN5) is one of matricellular proteins, some of which have been involved in SAH pathologies. However, no study has investigated FBLN5's roles in SAH. This study was aimed at examining the relationships between serially measured plasma FBLN5 levels and neurovascular events or outcomes in 204 consecutive aneurysmal SAH patients, including 77 patients (37.7%) with poor outcomes (90-day modified Rankin Scale 3-6). Plasma FBLN5 levels were not related to angiographic vasospasm, delayed cerebral ischemia, and delayed cerebral infarction, but elevated levels were associated with severe admission clinical grades, any neurological exacerbation and poor outcomes. Receiver-operating characteristic curves indicated that the most reasonable cut-off values of plasma FBLN5, in order to differentiate 90-day poor from good outcomes, were obtained from analyses at days 4-6 for all patients (487.2 ng/mL; specificity, 61.4%; and sensitivity, 62.3%) and from analyses at days 7-9 for only non-severe patient (476.8 ng/mL; specificity, 66.0%; and sensitivity, 77.8%). Multivariate analyses revealed that the plasma FBLN5 levels were independent determinants of the 90-day poor outcomes in both all patients' and non-severe patients' analyses. These findings suggest that the delayed elevation of plasma FBLN5 is related to poor outcomes, and that FBLN5 may be a new molecular target to reveal a post-SAH pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hidenori Suzuki
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-59-232-1111; Fax: +81-59-231-5212
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Abstract
Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is the third most common subtype of stroke. Incidence has decreased over past decades, possibly in part related to lifestyle changes such as smoking cessation and management of hypertension. Approximately a quarter of patients with SAH die before hospital admission; overall outcomes are improved in those admitted to hospital, but with elevated risk of long-term neuropsychiatric sequelae such as depression. The disease continues to have a major public health impact as the mean age of onset is in the mid-fifties, leading to many years of reduced quality of life. The clinical presentation varies, but severe, sudden onset of headache is the most common symptom, variably associated with meningismus, transient or prolonged unconsciousness, and focal neurological deficits including cranial nerve palsies and paresis. Diagnosis is made by CT scan of the head possibly followed by lumbar puncture. Aneurysms are commonly the underlying vascular cause of spontaneous SAH and are diagnosed by angiography. Emergent therapeutic interventions are focused on decreasing the risk of rebleeding (ie, preventing hypertension and correcting coagulopathies) and, most crucially, early aneurysm treatment using coil embolisation or clipping. Management of the disease is best delivered in specialised intensive care units and high-volume centres by a multidisciplinary team. Increasingly, early brain injury presenting as global cerebral oedema is recognised as a potential treatment target but, currently, disease management is largely focused on addressing secondary complications such as hydrocephalus, delayed cerebral ischaemia related to microvascular dysfunction and large vessel vasospasm, and medical complications such as stunned myocardium and hospital acquired infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Claassen
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Soojin Park
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
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Mahajan C, Kapoor I, Prabhakar H. A Narrative Review on Translational Research in Acute Brain Injury. JOURNAL OF NEUROANAESTHESIOLOGY AND CRITICAL CARE 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1744399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThere has been a constant endeavor to reduce the mortality and morbidity associated with acute brain injury. The associated complex mechanisms involving biomechanics, markers, and neuroprotective drugs/measures have been extensively studied in preclinical studies with an ultimate aim to improve the patients' outcomes. Despite such efforts, only few have been successfully translated into clinical practice. In this review, we shall be discussing the major hurdles in the translation of preclinical results into clinical practice. The need is to choose an appropriate animal model, keeping in mind the species, age, and gender of the animal, choosing suitable outcome measures, ensuring quality of animal trials, and carrying out systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental studies before proceeding to human trials. The interdisciplinary collaboration between the preclinical and clinical scientists will help to design better, meaningful trials which might help a long way in successful translation. Although challenging at this stage, the advent of translational precision medicine will help the integration of mechanism-centric translational medicine and patient-centric precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charu Mahajan
- Department of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Indu Kapoor
- Department of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Hemanshu Prabhakar
- Department of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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10
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Hanin A, Denis JA, Frazzini V, Cousyn L, Imbert-Bismut F, Rucheton B, Bonnefont-Rousselot D, Marois C, Lambrecq V, Demeret S, Navarro V. Neuron Specific Enolase, S100-beta protein and progranulin as diagnostic biomarkers of status epilepticus. J Neurol 2022; 269:3752-3760. [PMID: 35190890 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-022-11004-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Status epilepticus (SE) is a life-threatening prolonged epileptic seizure. A rapid diagnosis is fundamental to initiate antiepileptic treatment and to prevent the development of neurological sequels. Several serum and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers have been proposed to help in the diagnosis of SE. Nevertheless, previous studies were conducted on too small patient cohorts, precluding the utilization of interesting biomarkers for the SE diagnosis. Here, we aimed to assess the ability of Neuron Specific Enolase (NSE), S100-beta protein (S100B) and progranulin to help in the diagnosis of SE in a large cohort of patients (36 control patients, 56 patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy and 82 SE patients). Blood NSE, S100B and progranulin levels were higher in SE patients when compared with control patients or patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Both NSE and progranulin levels were higher in cerebrospinal fluid from SE patients when compared with control patients. The receiver-operating characteristics curves revealed good accuracy at detecting SE for serum S100B (AUC 0.748) and plasma progranulin (AUC 0.756). The performances were lower for serum NSE (AUC 0.624). Eighty-four percent of patients with serum S100B levels above 0.09 ng/mL presented with a SE, whereas 90% of patients without SE had serum S100B levels lower than 0.09 ng/mL. Serum S100B levels were not significantly different according to SE etiology, SE semiology or SE refractoriness. Our results confirm that NSE, S100B and progranulin levels are increased after SE. We suggest that serum S100B levels might be added to clinical evaluation and electroencephalogram to identify difficult-to-diagnose form of SE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Hanin
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Epilepsy Unit and Clinical Neurophysiology Department, DMU Neurosciences, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Alexandre Denis
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Endocrine and Oncological Biochemistry Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Valerio Frazzini
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Epilepsy Unit and Clinical Neurophysiology Department, DMU Neurosciences, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Louis Cousyn
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Epilepsy Unit and Clinical Neurophysiology Department, DMU Neurosciences, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | - Benoit Rucheton
- AP-HP, Metabolic Biochemistry Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Bonnefont-Rousselot
- AP-HP, Metabolic Biochemistry Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.,UTCBS, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Clémence Marois
- AP-HP, Neuro-Intensive Care Unit, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Virginie Lambrecq
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Epilepsy Unit and Clinical Neurophysiology Department, DMU Neurosciences, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Demeret
- AP-HP, Neuro-Intensive Care Unit, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Navarro
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France. .,AP-HP, Epilepsy Unit and Clinical Neurophysiology Department, DMU Neurosciences, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France. .,Sorbonne Université, Paris, France. .,AP-HP, Center of Reference for Rare Epilepsies, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.
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11
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Jiang F, Chen Z, Hu J, Liu Q. Serum Soluble Scavenger Receptor A Levels are Associated with Delayed Cerebral Ischemia and Poor Clinical Outcome After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Prospective Observational Study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2022; 18:2529-2541. [PMID: 36349344 PMCID: PMC9637348 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s387487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Scavenger receptor A (SRA), a pattern recognition molecule, is implicated in immune response after acute brain injury. We strived to identify serum soluble SRA (sSRA) as a potential biomarker of prognosis after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). METHODS In this prospective observational study, we quantified serum sSRA levels of 131 aSAH patients and 131 healthy controls. A poor outcome was defined as extended Glasgow outcome scale (GOSE) scores of 1-4 at 90 days after injury. Relations of serum sSRA levels to severity, delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) and poor outcome were assessed using multivariate analysis. Predictive efficiency was determined via area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). RESULTS Serum sSRA levels were markedly higher in aSAH patients than in controls (median, 2.9 ng/mL versus 1.0 ng/mL; P < 0.001). Serum sSRA levels were independently correlated with Hunt-Hess scores (beta, 0.569; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.244-0.894; P = 0.001), modified Fisher scores (beta, 0.664; 95% CI, 0.254-1.074; P = 0.002) and 90-day GOSE scores (beta, -0.275; 95% CI, -0.440-0.110; P = 0.005). Serum sSRA levels independently predicted DCI (odds ratio, 1.305; 95% CI, 1.012-1.687; P = 0.040) and a poor outcome (odds ratio, 2.444; 95% CI, 1.264-4.726; P = 0.008), as well as showed significant accuracy for the discrimination of DCI (AUC, 0.753; 95% CI, 0.649-0.857; P < 0.001) and a poor outcome (AUC, 0.800; 95% CI, 0.721-0.880; P < 0.001). Its combination with Hunt-Hess scores and modified Fisher scores displayed significantly improved AUCs for predicting DCI and poor outcome, as compared to any of them (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION There is a significant elevation of serum sSRA levels after aSAH, which in close correlation with illness severity, are independently associated with DCI and poor clinical outcome after aSAH. Hypothetically, SRA may regulate immune response in acute brain injury after aSAH and serum sSRA is presumed to be a potential prognostic biomarker of aSAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Ningbo, 315336, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Branch, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315336, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhicheng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Ningbo, 315336, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Branch, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315336, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiemiao Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Ningbo, 315336, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Branch, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315336, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianzhi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Ningbo, 315336, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Branch, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315336, People's Republic of China
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12
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Morel S, Bijlenga P, Kwak BR. Intracranial aneurysm wall (in)stability-current state of knowledge and clinical perspectives. Neurosurg Rev 2021; 45:1233-1253. [PMID: 34743248 PMCID: PMC8976821 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-021-01672-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Intracranial aneurysm (IA), a local outpouching of cerebral arteries, is present in 3 to 5% of the population. Once formed, an IA can remain stable, grow, or rupture. Determining the evolution of IAs is almost impossible. Rupture of an IA leads to subarachnoid hemorrhage and affects mostly young people with heavy consequences in terms of death, disabilities, and socioeconomic burden. Even if the large majority of IAs will never rupture, it is critical to determine which IA might be at risk of rupture. IA (in)stability is dependent on the composition of its wall and on its ability to repair. The biology of the IA wall is complex and not completely understood. Nowadays, the risk of rupture of an IA is estimated in clinics by using scores based on the characteristics of the IA itself and on the anamnesis of the patient. Classification and prediction using these scores are not satisfying and decisions whether a patient should be observed or treated need to be better informed by more reliable biomarkers. In the present review, the effects of known risk factors for rupture, as well as the effects of biomechanical forces on the IA wall composition, will be summarized. Moreover, recent advances in high-resolution vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging, which are promising tools to discriminate between stable and unstable IAs, will be described. Common data elements recently defined to improve IA disease knowledge and disease management will be presented. Finally, recent findings in genetics will be introduced and future directions in the field of IA will be exposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Morel
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Centre Medical Universitaire, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Neurosurgery Division, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Philippe Bijlenga
- Neurosurgery Division, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Brenda R Kwak
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Centre Medical Universitaire, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
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13
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Zimmermann J, Weller J, Grub S, Kebir S, Lehmann F, Vatter H, Schuss P, Güresir E, Müller M. Arginase-1 Released into CSF After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Decreases Arginine/Ornithine Ratio: a Novel Prognostic Biomarker. Transl Stroke Res 2021; 13:382-390. [PMID: 34599427 PMCID: PMC9046143 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-021-00944-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We hypothesized that the enzyme arginase-1 is released into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during red blood cell lysis and contributes to dysregulated metabolism of the nitric oxide (NO) precursor L-arginine during aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). This prospective case-control study included 43 patients with aneurysmal SAH and ventricular drainage for clinical reasons. Longitudinal CSF samples (99) were obtained in the course of SAH. Patients were dichotomized regarding the occurrence of cerebral vasospasm syndrome (CVS) (N = 19). Arginase-1 and the amino acids L-arginine and L-ornithine were quantified in CSF. Outcome assessments included delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) and functional status after 3 months using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Arginase-1 was released into the CSF of SAH patients whereas this enzyme was undetectable in controls. Compared to patients without CVS, arginase-1 levels were higher in CVS patients until day 14 after clinical event. The well-known surrogate parameter for arginase acitivity, the L-arginine to L-ornithine ratio (Arg/Orn), correlated with CSF arginase-1 levels. Arg/Orn was reduced in patients with CVS from disease onset (days 1-3, p = 0.0009) until day 14. Logistic regression analysis of early Arg/Orn was predictive for CVS (p = 0.008) and DCI (p = 0.035), independent of age, Hunt and Hess grade, and intraventricular blood. Arg/Orn < 2.71 at disease onset predicted CVS with a sensitivity of 86.7% and specificity of 72.2%. Arg/Orn ≥ 2.71 predicted excellent functional outcome. We propose a novel mechanism contributing to NO deprivation during SAH: arginase-1 is released from erythrocytes into the CSF, leading to L-arginine consumption and reduced NO bioavailability. Furthermore, Arg/Orn is a robust predictor for occurrence of CVS, DCI, and functional outcome 3 months after aneurysmal SAH. Our data provide a novel prognostic biomarker and may contribute to the development of novel therapeutic strategies in SAH. Clinical Trial Registration-URL: http://www.drks.de . Unique identifier: DRKS00015293, date of registration: 13.09.2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Zimmermann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Johannes Weller
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sven Grub
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sied Kebir
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Felix Lehmann
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hartmut Vatter
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Patrick Schuss
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Erdem Güresir
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marcus Müller
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
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14
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Yu F, Saand A, Xing C, Lee JW, Hsu L, Palmer OP, Jackson V, Tang L, Ning M, Du R, Kochanek PM, Lo EH, Chou SHY. CSF lipocalin-2 increases early in subarachnoid hemorrhage are associated with neuroinflammation and unfavorable outcome. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2021; 41:2524-2533. [PMID: 33951946 PMCID: PMC8504948 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x211012110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Lipocalin-2 mediates neuro-inflammation and iron homeostasis in vascular injuries of the central nervous system (CNS) and is upregulated in extra-CNS systemic inflammation. We postulate that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood lipocalin-2 levels are associated with markers of inflammation and functional outcome in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). We prospectively enrolled 67 SAH subjects, serially measured CSF and plasma lipocalin-2, matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) on post-SAH days 1-5 and assessed outcome by modified Rankin Scale (mRS) every 3 months. Unfavorable outcome is defined as mRS > 2. Twenty non-SAH patients undergoing lumbar drain trial were enrolled as controls. Lipocalin-2 was detectable in the CSF and significantly higher in SAH compared to controls (p < 0.0001). Higher CSF LCN2 throughout post-SAH days 1-5 was associated with unfavorable outcome at 3 (p = 0.0031) and 6 months (p = 0.014). Specifically, higher CSF lipocalin-2 on post-SAH days 3 (p = 0.036) and 5 (p = 0.016) were associated with unfavorable 3-month outcome. CSF lipocalin-2 levels positively correlated with CSF IL-6, TNF-α and MMP-9 levels. Higher plasma lipocalin-2 levels over time were associated with worse 6-month outcome. Additional studies are required to understand the role of lipocalin-2 in SAH and to validate CSF lipocalin-2 as a potential biomarker for SAH outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yu
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Aisha Saand
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Changhong Xing
- Department of Pathology, South Western Medical Center, University of Texas, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jong Woo Lee
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Liangge Hsu
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Octavia P Palmer
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Vanessa Jackson
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lu Tang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - MingMing Ning
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rose Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patrick M Kochanek
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Pediatrics and Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Eng H Lo
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sherry H-Y Chou
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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15
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Zhou J, Ying X, Zhang J, Chen M, Chen M. Emerging role of serum dickkopf-1 in prognosis of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 521:116-121. [PMID: 34252424 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wnt signaling pathway is involved in early brain injury after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Dickkopf-1 acts as a secreted Wnt antagonist. We analyzed the relationship between dickkopf-1 concentrations and clinical outcomes of aSAH. METHODS Serum dickkopf-1 concentrations were determined in 132 aSAH patients and 100 control individuals using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. patients' characteristics, the World Federation of Neurological Surgeons (WFNS) Scale and modified Fisher grade were assessed. At 3-month follow-up, functional outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale score; dichotomized as poor [score 1-3] or good [score 4-5]) was recorded. The multivariate logistic regression model was constructed to discern the association of serum dickkopf-1 concentrations with outcome. RESULTS Compared with controls, serum dickkopf-1 concentrations were substantially raised after aSAH. Dickkopf-1 concentrations were highly related to WFNS score and modified Fisher score. Patients with a poor outcome had significantly increased dickkopf-1 concentrations. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, serum dickkopf-1 appeared as an independent predictor of poor outcome. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that serum dickkopf-1 concentrations predicted poor outcome efficiently. CONCLUSIONS Serum dickkopf-1 concentrations were strongly associated with the severity and poor outcome of aSAH, suggesting that serum dickkopf-1 may be a novel biomarker for predicting poor outcome in aSAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, 1111 Jiangnan Road, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Xiang Ying
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, 1111 Jiangnan Road, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, 1111 Jiangnan Road, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Maosong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, 1111 Jiangnan Road, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Mengzong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, 1111 Jiangnan Road, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang Province, PR China
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16
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Claassen J, Akbari Y, Alexander S, Bader MK, Bell K, Bleck TP, Boly M, Brown J, Chou SHY, Diringer MN, Edlow BL, Foreman B, Giacino JT, Gosseries O, Green T, Greer DM, Hanley DF, Hartings JA, Helbok R, Hemphill JC, Hinson HE, Hirsch K, Human T, James ML, Ko N, Kondziella D, Livesay S, Madden LK, Mainali S, Mayer SA, McCredie V, McNett MM, Meyfroidt G, Monti MM, Muehlschlegel S, Murthy S, Nyquist P, Olson DM, Provencio JJ, Rosenthal E, Sampaio Silva G, Sarasso S, Schiff ND, Sharshar T, Shutter L, Stevens RD, Vespa P, Videtta W, Wagner A, Ziai W, Whyte J, Zink E, Suarez JI. Proceedings of the First Curing Coma Campaign NIH Symposium: Challenging the Future of Research for Coma and Disorders of Consciousness. Neurocrit Care 2021; 35:4-23. [PMID: 34236619 PMCID: PMC8264966 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-021-01260-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Coma and disorders of consciousness (DoC) are highly prevalent and constitute a burden for patients, families, and society worldwide. As part of the Curing Coma Campaign, the Neurocritical Care Society partnered with the National Institutes of Health to organize a symposium bringing together experts from all over the world to develop research targets for DoC. The conference was structured along six domains: (1) defining endotype/phenotypes, (2) biomarkers, (3) proof-of-concept clinical trials, (4) neuroprognostication, (5) long-term recovery, and (6) large datasets. This proceedings paper presents actionable research targets based on the presentations and discussions that occurred at the conference. We summarize the background, main research gaps, overall goals, the panel discussion of the approach, limitations and challenges, and deliverables that were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Claassen
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, 177 Fort Washington Avenue, MHB 8 Center, Room 300, New York City, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Yama Akbari
- Departments of Neurology, Neurological Surgery, and Anatomy & Neurobiology and Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Sheila Alexander
- Acute and Tertiary Care, School of Nursing and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Kathleen Bell
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Thomas P Bleck
- Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Melanie Boly
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jeremy Brown
- Office of Emergency Care Research, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sherry H-Y Chou
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael N Diringer
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Brian L Edlow
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brandon Foreman
- Departments of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Joseph T Giacino
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olivia Gosseries
- GIGA Consciousness After Coma Science Group, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Theresa Green
- School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
| | - David M Greer
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel F Hanley
- Division of Brain Injury Outcomes, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jed A Hartings
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Raimund Helbok
- Neurocritical Care Unit, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J Claude Hemphill
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - H E Hinson
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Karen Hirsch
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Theresa Human
- Department of Pharmacy, Barnes Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michael L James
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Neurology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nerissa Ko
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Kondziella
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sarah Livesay
- College of Nursing, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lori K Madden
- Center for Nursing Science, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Shraddha Mainali
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Stephan A Mayer
- Department of Neurology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Victoria McCredie
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, Department of Respirology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Molly M McNett
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Geert Meyfroidt
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven and University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martin M Monti
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Psychology, Brain Injury Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Susanne Muehlschlegel
- Departments of Neurology, Anesthesiology/Critical Care, and Surgery, Medical School, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Santosh Murthy
- Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Paul Nyquist
- Division of Neurosciences Critical Care, Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - DaiWai M Olson
- Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - J Javier Provencio
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Eric Rosenthal
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gisele Sampaio Silva
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein Israelite Hospital and Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Simone Sarasso
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicholas D Schiff
- Department of Neurology and Brain Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Tarek Sharshar
- Department of Intensive Care, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Lori Shutter
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert D Stevens
- Division of Neurosciences Critical Care, Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Paul Vespa
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Walter Videtta
- National Hospital Alejandro Posadas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Amy Wagner
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Wendy Ziai
- Division of Neurosciences Critical Care, Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John Whyte
- Moss Rehabilitation Research Institute, Elkins Park, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Zink
- Division of Neurosciences Critical Care, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jose I Suarez
- Division of Neurosciences Critical Care, Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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17
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Veldeman M, Lepore D, Höllig A, Clusmann H, Stoppe C, Schubert GA, Albanna W. Procalcitonin in the context of delayed cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 2021; 135:29-37. [PMID: 32886914 DOI: 10.3171/2020.5.jns201337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) initiates a deleterious cascade activating multiple inflammatory processes, which can contribute to delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). Procalcitonin (PCT) is an established marker for sepsis treatment monitoring, and its time course in the context of DCI after aSAH remains unclear. The aim of this trial was to assess the predictive and confirmative value of PCT levels in the context of DCI. METHODS All patients admitted to the authors' institution with aSAH between 2014 and 2018 were prospectively screened for eligibility. Daily PCT levels were recorded alongside relevant aSAH characteristics. The predictive and confirmative values of PCT levels were assessed using a receiver operating characteristic and area under the curve (AUC) analysis. The course of PCT levels around the DCI event was evaluated in an infection-free subgroup of patients. RESULTS A total of 132 patients with aSAH were included. Early PCT levels (first 3 days post-aSAH) had a low predictive value for the development of DCI (AUC 0.661, standard error [SE] 0.050; p = 0.003) and unfavorable long-term outcome (i.e., Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended scores 1-4; AUC 0.674, SE 0.054; p = 0.003). In a subgroup analysis of infection-free patients (n = 72), PCT levels were higher in patients developing DCI (p = 0.001) and DCI-related cerebral infarction (p = 0.002). PCT concentrations increased gradually after DCI and decreased with successful intervention. In refractory cases progressing to cerebral infarction, PCT levels showed a secondary increase. CONCLUSIONS Early higher PCT levels were associated with the later development of DCI and unfavorable outcome. Analysis of PCT beyond the first couple of days after hemorrhage is hampered by nosocomial infections. In infection-free patients, however, PCT levels rise during DCI and an additional increase develops in patients developing cerebral infarction. Clinical trial registration no.: NCT02142166 (clinicaltrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Lepore
- 2Intensive Care and Intermediate Care, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; and
- 3Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, Belgium
| | | | | | - Christian Stoppe
- 2Intensive Care and Intermediate Care, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; and
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18
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Pan J, Lao L, Shen J, Huang S, Zhang T, Fan W, Yan M, Gu J, Liu W. Utility of serum NOX4 as a potential prognostic biomarker for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 517:9-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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19
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Weiland J, Beez A, Westermaier T, Kunze E, Sirén AL, Lilla N. Neuroprotective Strategies in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (aSAH). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5442. [PMID: 34064048 PMCID: PMC8196706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) remains a disease with high mortality and morbidity. Since treating vasospasm has not inevitably led to an improvement in outcome, the actual emphasis is on finding neuroprotective therapies in the early phase following aSAH to prevent secondary brain injury in the later phase of disease. Within the early phase, neuroinflammation, thromboinflammation, disturbances in brain metabolism and early neuroprotective therapies directed against delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) came into focus. Herein, the role of neuroinflammation, thromboinflammation and metabolism in aSAH is depicted. Potential neuroprotective strategies regarding neuroinflammation target microglia activation, metalloproteases, autophagy and the pathway via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), NF-κB and finally the release of cytokines like TNFα or IL-1. Following the link to thromboinflammation, potential neuroprotective therapies try to target microthrombus formation, platelets and platelet receptors as well as clot clearance and immune cell infiltration. Potential neuroprotective strategies regarding metabolism try to re-balance the mismatch of energy need and supply following aSAH, for example, in restoring fuel to the TCA cycle or bypassing distinct energy pathways. Overall, this review addresses current neuroprotective strategies in aSAH, hopefully leading to future translational therapy options to prevent secondary brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Weiland
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider Str. 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (A.B.); (T.W.); (E.K.); (A.-L.S.)
| | - Alexandra Beez
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider Str. 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (A.B.); (T.W.); (E.K.); (A.-L.S.)
| | - Thomas Westermaier
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider Str. 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (A.B.); (T.W.); (E.K.); (A.-L.S.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Helios-Amper Klinikum Dachau, Krankenhausstr. 15, 85221 Dachau, Germany
| | - Ekkehard Kunze
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider Str. 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (A.B.); (T.W.); (E.K.); (A.-L.S.)
| | - Anna-Leena Sirén
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider Str. 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (A.B.); (T.W.); (E.K.); (A.-L.S.)
| | - Nadine Lilla
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider Str. 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (A.B.); (T.W.); (E.K.); (A.-L.S.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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20
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Interleukin 6 and Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084133. [PMID: 33923626 PMCID: PMC8073154 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a prominent proinflammatory cytokine. Neuroinflammation in general, and IL-6 signaling in particular, appear to play a major role in the pathobiology and pathophysiology of aneurysm formation and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Most importantly, elevated IL-6 CSF (rather than serum) levels appear to correlate with delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI, “vasospasm”) and secondary (“vasospastic”) infarctions. IL-6 CSF levels may also reflect other forms of injury to the brain following SAH, i.e., early brain damage and septic complications of SAH and aneurysm treatment. This would explain why many researchers have found an association between IL-6 levels and patient outcomes. These findings clearly suggest CSF IL-6 as a candidate biomarker in SAH patients. However, at this point, discrepant findings in variable study settings, as well as timing and other issues, e.g., defining proper clinical endpoints (i.e., secondary clinical deterioration vs. angiographic vasospasm vs. secondary vasospastic infarct) do not allow for its routine use. It is also tempting to speculate about potential therapeutic measures targeting elevated IL-6 CSF levels and neuroinflammation in SAH patients. Corticosteroids and anti-platelet drugs are indeed used in many SAH cases (not necessarily with the intention to interfere with detrimental inflammatory signaling), however, no convincing benefit has been demonstrated yet. The lack of a robust clinical perspective against the background of a relatively large body of data linking IL-6 and neuroinflammation with the pathophysiology of SAH is somewhat disappointing. One underlying reason might be that most relevant studies only report correlative data. The specific molecular pathways behind elevated IL-6 levels in SAH patients and their various interactions still remain to be delineated. We are optimistic that future research in this field will result in a better understanding of the role of neuroinflammation in the pathophysiology of SAH, which in turn, will translate into the identification of suitable biomarkers and even potential therapeutic targets.
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21
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Bjerkne Wenneberg S, Odenstedt Hergès H, Svedin P, Mallard C, Karlsson T, Adiels M, Naredi S, Block L. Association between inflammatory response and outcome after subarachnoid haemorrhage. Acta Neurol Scand 2021; 143:195-205. [PMID: 32990943 PMCID: PMC7821330 DOI: 10.1111/ane.13353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Recent reports suggest an association between the inflammatory response after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) and patients' outcome. The primary aim of this study was to identify a potential association between the inflammatory response after aSAH and 1‐year outcome. The secondary aim was to investigate whether the inflammatory response after aSAH could predict the development of delayed cerebral ischaemia (DCI). Materials and methods This prospective observational pilot study included patients with an aSAH admitted to Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden, between May 2015 and October 2016. The patients were stratified according to the extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOSE) as having an unfavourable (score: 1–4) or favourable outcome (score: 5–8). Furthermore, patients were stratified depending on development of DCI or not. Patient data and blood samples were collected and analysed at admission and after 10 days. Results Elevated serum concentrations of inflammatory markers such as tumour necrosis factor‐α and interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐1Ra, C‐reactive protein and intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 were detected in patients with unfavourable outcome. When adjustments for Glasgow coma scale were made, only IL‐1Ra remained significantly associated with poor outcome (p = 0.012). The inflammatory response after aSAH was not predictive of the development of DCI. Conclusion Elevated serum concentrations of inflammatory markers were associated with poor neurological outcome 1‐year after aSAH. However, inflammatory markers are affected by many clinical events, and when adjustments were made, only IL‐1Ra remained significantly associated with poor outcome. The robustness of these results needs to be tested in a larger trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Bjerkne Wenneberg
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Institute of Clinical Sciences Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Helena Odenstedt Hergès
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Institute of Clinical Sciences Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Pernilla Svedin
- Department of Physiology Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Carina Mallard
- Department of Physiology Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Thomas Karlsson
- Biostatistics School of Public Health and Community Medicine Institute of Medicine Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Martin Adiels
- Biostatistics School of Public Health and Community Medicine Institute of Medicine Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Silvana Naredi
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Institute of Clinical Sciences Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Linda Block
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Institute of Clinical Sciences Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden
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22
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Spencer P, Jiang Y, Liu N, Han J, Li Y, Vodovoz S, Dumont AS, Wang X. Update: Microdialysis for Monitoring Cerebral Metabolic Dysfunction after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. J Clin Med 2020; 10:jcm10010100. [PMID: 33396652 PMCID: PMC7794715 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10010100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral metabolic dysfunction has been shown to extensively mediate the pathophysiology of brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The characterization of the alterations of metabolites in the brain can help elucidate pathophysiological changes occurring throughout SAH and the relationship between secondary brain injury and cerebral energy dysfunction after SAH. Cerebral microdialysis (CMD) is a tool that can measure concentrations of multiple bioenergetics metabolites in brain interstitial fluid. This review aims to provide an update on the implication of CMD on the measurement of metabolic dysfunction in the brain after SAH. A literature review was conducted through a general PubMed search with the terms “Subarachnoid Hemorrhage AND Microdialysis” as well as a more targeted search using MeSh with the search terms “Subarachnoid hemorrhage AND Microdialysis AND Metabolism.” Both experimental and clinical papers were reviewed. CMD is a suitable tool that has been used for monitoring cerebral metabolic changes in various types of brain injury. Clinically, CMD data have shown the dramatic changes in cerebral metabolism after SAH, including glucose depletion, enhanced glycolysis, and suppressed oxidative phosphorylation. Experimental studies using CMD have demonstrated a similar pattern of cerebral metabolic dysfunction after SAH. The combination of CMD and other monitoring tools has also shown value in further dissecting and distinguishing alterations in different metabolic pathways after brain injury. Despite the lack of a standard procedure as well as the presence of limitations regarding CMD application and data interpretation for both clinical and experimental studies, emerging investigations have suggested that CMD is an effective way to monitor the changes of cerebral metabolic dysfunction after SAH in real-time, and alternatively, the combination of CMD and other monitoring tools might be able to further understand the relationship between cerebral metabolic dysfunction and brain injury after SAH, determine the severity of brain injury and predict the pathological progression and outcomes after SAH. More translational preclinical investigations and clinical validation may help to optimize CMD as a powerful tool in critical care and personalized medicine for patients with SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yinghua Jiang
- Correspondence: (Y.J.); (X.W.); Tel.: +504-988-9117 (Y.J.); +504-988-2646 (X.W.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaoying Wang
- Correspondence: (Y.J.); (X.W.); Tel.: +504-988-9117 (Y.J.); +504-988-2646 (X.W.)
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23
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Matzen JS, Krogh CL, Forman JL, Garred P, Møller K, Bache S. Lectin complement pathway initiators after subarachnoid hemorrhage - an observational study. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:338. [PMID: 33183322 PMCID: PMC7661172 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01979-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This exploratory study investigated the time-course of lectin complement pathway (LCP) initiators in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), as well as their relationship to delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) and functional outcome. Methods Concentrations of ficolin-1, ficolin-2, ficolin-3, and mannose-binding lectin (MBL) were analyzed in CSF and plasma from patients with SAH. Samples were collected daily from admission until day 9 (CSF; N_PATIENTS = 63, n_SAMPLES = 399) and day 8 (plasma; N_PATIENTS = 50, n_SAMPLES = 358), respectively. Twelve neurologically healthy patients undergoing spinal anesthesia and 12 healthy blood donors served as controls. The development of DCI during hospitalization and functional outcome at 3 months (modified Rankin Scale) were registered for patients. Results On admission, CSF levels of all LCP initiators were increased in SAH patients compared with healthy controls. Levels declined gradually over days in patients; however, a biphasic course was observed for ficolin-1. Increased CSF levels of all LCP initiators were associated with a poor functional outcome in univariate analyses. This relationship persisted for ficolin-1 and MBL in multivariate analysis after adjustments for confounders (age, sex, clinical severity, distribution and amount of blood on CT-imaging) and multiple testing (1.87 ng/mL higher in average, 95% CI, 1.17 to 2.99 and 1.69 ng/mL higher in average, 95% CI, 1.09 to 2.63, respectively). In patients who developed DCI compared with those without DCI, CSF levels of ficolin-1 and MBL tended to increase slightly more over time (p_interaction = 0.021 and 0.033, respectively); however, no association was found after adjustments for confounders and multiple testing (p-adj_interaction = 0.086 and 0.098, respectively). Plasma ficolin-1 and ficolin-3 were lower in SAH patients compared with healthy controls on all days. DCI and functional outcome were not associated with LCP initiator levels in plasma. Conclusion Patients with SAH displayed elevated CSF levels of ficolin-1, ficolin-2, ficolin-3, and MBL. Increased CSF levels of ficolin-1 and MBL were associated with a poor functional outcome. Trial registration This study was a retrospective analysis of samples, which had been prospectively sampled and stored in a biobank. Registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01791257, February 13, 2013, and NCT02320539, December 19, 2014). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-020-01979-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeppe Sillesen Matzen
- Department of Neuroanaesthesiology, The Neuroscience Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Charlotte Loumann Krogh
- Department of Neuroanaesthesiology, The Neuroscience Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Julie Lyng Forman
- Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Garred
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, Section 7631, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kirsten Møller
- Department of Neuroanaesthesiology, The Neuroscience Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Bache
- Department of Neuroanaesthesiology, The Neuroscience Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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Frontera J, Mainali S, Fink EL, Robertson CL, Schober M, Ziai W, Menon D, Kochanek PM, Suarez JI, Helbok R, McNett M, Chou SHY. Global Consortium Study of Neurological Dysfunction in COVID-19 (GCS-NeuroCOVID): Study Design and Rationale. Neurocrit Care 2020; 33:25-34. [PMID: 32445105 PMCID: PMC7243953 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-020-00995-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the COVID-19 pandemic developed, reports of neurological dysfunctions spanning the central and peripheral nervous systems have emerged. The spectrum of acute neurological dysfunctions may implicate direct viral invasion, para-infectious complications, neurological manifestations of systemic diseases, or co-incident neurological dysfunction in the context of high SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. A rapid and pragmatic approach to understanding the prevalence, phenotypes, pathophysiology and prognostic implications of COVID-19 neurological syndromes is urgently needed. METHODS The Global Consortium to Study Neurological dysfunction in COVID-19 (GCS-NeuroCOVID), endorsed by the Neurocritical Care Society (NCS), was rapidly established to address this need in a tiered approach. Tier-1 consists of focused, pragmatic, low-cost, observational common data element (CDE) collection, which can be launched immediately at many sites in the first phase of this pandemic and is designed for expedited ethical board review with waiver-of-consent. Tier 2 consists of prospective functional and cognitive outcomes assessments with more detailed clinical, laboratory and radiographic data collection that would require informed consent. Tier 3 overlays Tiers 1 and 2 with experimental molecular, electrophysiology, pathology and imaging studies with longitudinal outcomes assessment and would require centers with specific resources. A multicenter pediatrics core has developed and launched a parallel study focusing on patients ages <18 years. Study sites are eligible for participation if they provide clinical care to COVID-19 patients and are able to conduct patient-oriented research under approval of an internal or global ethics committee. Hospitalized pediatric and adult patients with SARS-CoV-2 and with acute neurological signs or symptoms are eligible to participate. The primary study outcome is the overall prevalence of neurological complications among hospitalized COVID-19 patients, which will be calculated by pooled estimates of each neurological finding divided by the average census of COVID-19 positive patients over the study period. Secondary outcomes include: in-hospital, 30 and 90-day morality, discharge modified Rankin score, ventilator-free survival, ventilator days, discharge disposition, and hospital length of stay. RESULTS In a one-month period (3/27/20-4/27/20) the GCS-NeuroCOVID consortium was able to recruit 71 adult study sites, representing 17 countries and 5 continents and 34 pediatrics study sites. CONCLUSIONS This is one of the first large-scale global research collaboratives urgently assembled to evaluate acute neurological events in the context of a pandemic. The innovative and pragmatic tiered study approach has allowed for rapid recruitment and activation of numerous sites across the world-an approach essential to capture real-time critical neurological data to inform treatment strategies in this pandemic crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shraddha Mainali
- Division of Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ericka L Fink
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Courtney L Robertson
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, and Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins Children's Center, The Johns Hopkins University SOM, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michelle Schober
- Primary Children's Hospital, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Wendy Ziai
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David Menon
- Division of Anaesthesia, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Patrick M Kochanek
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Pediatrics, Bioengineering, and Clinical and Translational Science, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jose I Suarez
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Raimund Helbok
- Neurocritical Care Unit, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Molly McNett
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, 760 Kinnear Rd, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA.
| | - Sherry H-Y Chou
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Simpkins AN, Janowski M, Oz HS, Roberts J, Bix G, Doré S, Stowe AM. Biomarker Application for Precision Medicine in Stroke. Transl Stroke Res 2020; 11:615-627. [PMID: 31848851 PMCID: PMC7299765 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-019-00762-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Stroke remains one of the leading causes of long-term disability and mortality despite recent advances in acute thrombolytic therapies. In fact, the global lifetime risk of stroke in adults over the age of 25 is approximately 25%, with 24.9 million cases of ischemic stroke and 18.7 million cases of hemorrhagic stroke reported in 2015. One of the main challenges in developing effective new acute therapeutics and enhanced long-term interventions for stroke recovery is the heterogeneity of stroke, including etiology, comorbidities, and lifestyle factors that uniquely affect each individual stroke survivor. In this comprehensive review, we propose that future biomarker studies can be designed to support precision medicine therapeutic interventions after stroke. The current challenges in defining ideal biomarkers for stroke are highlighted, including consideration of disease course, age, lifestyle factors, and subtypes of stroke. This overview of current clinical trials includes biomarker collection, and concludes with an example of biomarker design for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. With the advent of "-omics" studies, neuroimaging, big data, and precision medicine, well-designed stroke biomarker trials will greatly advance the treatment of a disease that affects millions globally every year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis N Simpkins
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Miroslaw Janowski
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Helieh S Oz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jill Roberts
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Science, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Gregory Bix
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Sylvain Doré
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Neurology, Psychiatry, Pharmaceutics, Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ann M Stowe
- Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Science, Lexington, KY, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
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26
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Moraes L, Trias N, Brugnini A, Grille P, Lens D, Biestro A, Grille S. TH17/Treg imbalance and IL-17A increase after severe aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neuroimmunol 2020; 346:577310. [PMID: 32623101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2020.577310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and peripheral blood (PB) Treg, TH17 cells, TH1, TH2 and related cytokines in the acute phase of aSAH we assessed TH17, TH1, TH2, T regulatory cells and neutrophils in 39 aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) patients and 56 controls. PB TH17 cells and TH17/Treg ratio were higher in CSF and PB of aSAH patients. Serum and CSF IL-17A levels were increased in aSAH. Serum IL-17A levels were associated with vasospasm and ICU mortality. Study results support the role of TH17/IL17 axis in aSAH pathogenesis, turning it into a potential clinical biomarker and a novel target for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Moraes
- Cátedra de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital de Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av Italia s/n, 11300 Montevideo, Uruguay; Laboratorio de Citometria y Biologia Molecular, Departamento Básico de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av Italia s/n, 11300 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Natalia Trias
- Laboratorio de Citometria y Biologia Molecular, Departamento Básico de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av Italia s/n, 11300 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Andreina Brugnini
- Laboratorio de Citometria y Biologia Molecular, Departamento Básico de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av Italia s/n, 11300 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Pedro Grille
- Unidad de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Maciel, Administración de los Servicios de Salud del Estado (ASSE), 25 de Mayo 174, 11000 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Daniela Lens
- Laboratorio de Citometria y Biologia Molecular, Departamento Básico de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av Italia s/n, 11300 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Alberto Biestro
- Cátedra de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital de Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av Italia s/n, 11300 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Sofia Grille
- Laboratorio de Citometria y Biologia Molecular, Departamento Básico de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av Italia s/n, 11300 Montevideo, Uruguay; Cátedra de Hematología, Hospital de Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av Italia s/n, CP 11300 Montevideo, Uruguay.
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Anan M, Nagai Y, Fudaba H, Fujiki M. Lactate and Lactate Dehydrogenase in Cistern as Biomarkers of Early Brain Injury and Delayed Cerebral Ischemia of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2020; 29:104765. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.104765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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Suarez JI, Macdonald RL. The End of the Tower of Babel in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Common Data Elements at Last. Neurocrit Care 2020; 30:1-3. [PMID: 31152313 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-019-00751-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jose I Suarez
- Division of Neurosciences Critical Care, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans Street, Sheikh Zayed Building, 3014C, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
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Common Data Elements for Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Clinical Research: A National Institute for Neurological Disorders and Stroke and National Library of Medicine Project. Neurocrit Care 2020; 30:4-19. [PMID: 31087257 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-019-00723-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The goal for this project was to develop a comprehensive set of common data elements (CDEs), data definitions, case report forms and guidelines for use in unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIA) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) clinical research, as part of a new joint effort between the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) and the National Library of Medicine of the US National Institutes of Health. These UIA and SAH CDEs will join several other neurological disease-specific CDEs that have already been developed and are available for use by research investigators. METHODS A Working Group (WG) divided into eight sub-groups and a Steering Committee comprised of international UIA and SAH experts reviewed existing NINDS CDEs and instruments, created new elements when needed and provided recommendations for UIA and SAH clinical research. The recommendations were compiled, internally reviewed by the entire UIA and SAH WG and posted online for 6 weeks for external public comments. The UIA and SAH WG and the NINDS CDE team reviewed the final version before posting the SAH Version 1.0 CDE recommendations. RESULTS The NINDS UIA and SAH CDEs and supporting documents are publicly available on the NINDS CDE ( https://www.commondataelements.ninds.nih.gov/#page=Default ) and NIH Repository ( https://cde.nlm.nih.gov/home ) websites. The recommendations are organized into domains including Participant Characteristics and Outcomes and Endpoints. CONCLUSION Dissemination and widespread use of CDEs can facilitate UIA and SAH clinical research and clinical trial design, data sharing, and analyses of observational retrospective and prospective data. It is vital to maintain an international and multidisciplinary collaboration to ensure that these CDEs are implemented and updated when new information becomes available.
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