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Liang S, Ti Y, Huang J, Li X, Zhou W. Inhibition of Microglial Activation by Delayed Mild Hypothermia Reduced Preoligodendrocyte Injury in a Neonatal Rat Brain Slice Model. Ther Hypothermia Temp Manag 2023; 13:134-140. [PMID: 36862528 DOI: 10.1089/ther.2022.0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), characterized by distinctive form of white matter injury, often arises after neonatal cardiac surgery. Proven therapies for PVL are absent. In this study, we designed to quest therapeutic effects of delayed mild hypothermia on PVL and its mechanism in a neonatal rat brain slice model. With the increase of delayed mild hypothermia-treating time, the reduced expression of myelin basic protein and loss of preoligodendrocytes were significantly attenuated after oxygen-glucose deprivation. In addition, the proportion of ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1)-positive cells and the expression of Iba-1 were apparently reduced with the increased duration of mild hypothermia treatment. Furthermore, the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6 reduced after the mild hypothermia treatment relative to the control. Inhibition of microglial activation with prolonged mild hypothermia may be a potential strategy for white matter protection during cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermic circulatory arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suixin Liang
- Department of CICU and Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yunxing Ti
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junrong Huang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiuhong Li
- Department of CICU and Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenjia Zhou
- Department of CICU and Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Li Y, Lu H, Sun Y. Correlation of NO and ET-1 Levels with Blood Pressure Changes in Hemodialysis Patients after Arteriovenous Fistula Surgery. Front Surg 2022; 9:905372. [PMID: 35651688 PMCID: PMC9149304 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.905372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemodialysis (HD) is the most common renal replacement therapy for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and can significantly reduce mortality and improve the quality of life of patients. The occurrence of intradialytic hypotension and intradialytic hypertension are important risk factors for death and disability during dialysis in patients with ESRD, yet their etiology remains unclear, and some studies suggest that nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) may play an important role in these hemodynamic alterations. For this purpose we examined the changes in NO and ET-1 levels during hemodialysis in 30 patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) after arteriovenous fistula surgery. Thirty dialysis patients were divided into group I (stable blood pressure during dialysis), group II (Intradialytic hypotension) and group III (Intradialytic hypertension) according to the change of blood pressure (BP) during hemodialysis, with 10 cases in each group. BP of MHD patients were measured Pre-dialysis (Pre-D), at 1 h of dialysis (1h-D), at 2 h of dialysis (Mid-D, 2h-D), at 3 h of dialysis (3h-D), and at the end of dialysis (Post-D); and blood samples were taken from the arterial end at Pre-D, Mid-D, and Post-D to measure NO and ET-1 levels. The results of the analysis showed that as dialysis proceeded and ended, the NO levels in the three groups gradually decreased, with significant differences compared with those before dialysis (p < 0.05); the ET-1 levels in group III gradually increased, with significant differences compared with those before dialysis (p < 0.05), while the increasing trend of ET-1 levels in group I and group II was not significant. The increasing trend of MAP in group I was not significant (p > 0.05); MAP in group II showed a gradual decrease and MAP in group III showed an increasing trend, and the difference between MAP after dialysis and before dialysis was significant (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between ET-1 levels and MAP in Group III at Mid-D (r = 0.847, p = 0.002). This shows that serum ET-1 and NO levels are significantly higher than normal in MHD patients after arteriovenous endovascular fistula surgery, and both ET-1 and NO levels are changing during dialysis, and there may be a link between their changes and blood pressure changes. It is suggested that the blood pressure fluctuations that occur during dialysis in MHD patients may be related to endothelial cell dysfunction.
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Wiklund L, Sharma A, Patnaik R, Muresanu DF, Sahib S, Tian ZR, Castellani RJ, Nozari A, Lafuente JV, Sharma HS. Upregulation of hemeoxygenase enzymes HO-1 and HO-2 following ischemia-reperfusion injury in connection with experimental cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation: Neuroprotective effects of methylene blue. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2021; 265:317-375. [PMID: 34560924 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2021.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in neuronal injuries after cardiac arrest. Increased production of carbon monoxide (CO) by the enzyme hemeoxygenase (HO) in the brain is induced by the oxidative stress. HO is present in the CNS in two isoforms, namely the inducible HO-1 and the constitutive HO-2. Elevated levels of serum HO-1 occurs in cardiac arrest patients and upregulation of HO-1 in cardiac arrest is seen in the neurons. However, the role of HO-2 in cardiac arrest is not well known. In this review involvement of HO-1 and HO-2 enzymes in the porcine brain following cardiac arrest and resuscitation is discussed based on our own observations. In addition, neuroprotective role of methylene blue- an antioxidant dye on alterations in HO under in cardiac arrest is also presented. The biochemical findings of HO-1 and HO-2 enzymes using ELISA were further confirmed by immunocytochemical approach to localize selective regional alterations in cardiac arrest. Our observations are the first to show that cardiac arrest followed by successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation results in significant alteration in cerebral concentrations of HO-1 and HO-2 levels indicating a prominent role of CO in brain pathology and methylene blue during CPR followed by induced hypothermia leading to superior neuroprotection after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), not reported earlier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Wiklund
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Department of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Aruna Sharma
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Department of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Ranjana Patnaik
- Department of Biomaterials, School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Dafin F Muresanu
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; "RoNeuro" Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Seaab Sahib
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Z Ryan Tian
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Rudy J Castellani
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ala Nozari
- Anesthesiology & Intensive Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - José Vicente Lafuente
- LaNCE, Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Hari Shanker Sharma
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Department of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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When is a potential new neuroprotective treatment ready for translation? Pediatr Res 2020; 87:620-621. [PMID: 31706257 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-019-0673-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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