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Cherait A, Banks WA, Vaudry D. The Potential of the Nose-to-Brain Delivery of PACAP for the Treatment of Neuronal Disease. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2032. [PMID: 37631246 PMCID: PMC10459484 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Research on the neuroprotective effect of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and its use as a therapeutic agent has grown over the past 30 years. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments have shown that PACAP exerts a strong neuroprotective effect in many central and peripheral neuronal diseases. Various delivery routes have been employed from intravenous (IV) injections to intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration, leading either to systemic or topical delivery of the peptide. Over the last decade, a growing interest in the use of intranasal (IN) administration of PACAP and other therapeutic agents has emerged as an alternative delivery route to target the brain. The aim of this review is to summarize the findings on the neuroprotective effect of PACAP and to discuss how the IN administration of PACAP could contribute to target the effects of this pleiotropic peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Cherait
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm U1245, Medical Faculty, Normandie Univ, F-76000 Rouen, France;
- Department of Second Cycle, Higher School of Agronomy Mostaganem, Mostaganem 27000, Algeria
- Laboratory of Cellular Toxicology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar Annaba, B.P. 12, Annaba 23000, Algeria
| | - William A. Banks
- Geriatric Research Educational and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, USA
- Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
| | - David Vaudry
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm U1245, Medical Faculty, Normandie Univ, F-76000 Rouen, France;
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm US51, Regional Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy (PRIMACEN), Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Normandie Univ, F-76000 Rouen, France
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2
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Apostol CR, Bernard K, Tanguturi P, Molnar G, Bartlett MJ, Szabò L, Liu C, Ortiz JB, Saber M, Giordano KR, Green TRF, Melvin J, Morrison HW, Madhavan L, Rowe RK, Streicher JM, Heien ML, Falk T, Polt R. Design and Synthesis of Brain Penetrant Glycopeptide Analogues of PACAP With Neuroprotective Potential for Traumatic Brain Injury and Parkinsonism. FRONTIERS IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2022; 1. [PMID: 35237767 PMCID: PMC8887546 DOI: 10.3389/fddsv.2021.818003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There is an unmet clinical need for curative therapies to treat neurodegenerative disorders. Most mainstay treatments currently on the market only alleviate specific symptoms and do not reverse disease progression. The Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), an endogenous neuropeptide hormone, has been extensively studied as a potential regenerative therapeutic. PACAP is widely distributed in the central nervous system (CNS) and exerts its neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects via the related Class B GPCRs PAC1, VPAC1, and VPAC2, at which the hormone shows roughly equal activity. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) also activates these receptors, and this close analogue of PACAP has also shown to promote neuronal survival in various animal models of acute and progressive neurodegenerative diseases. However, PACAP's poor pharmacokinetic profile (non-linear PK/PD), and more importantly its limited blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability has hampered development of this peptide as a therapeutic. We have demonstrated that glycosylation of PACAP and related peptides promotes penetration of the BBB and improves PK properties while retaining efficacy and potency in the low nanomolar range at its target receptors. Furthermore, judicious structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies revealed key motifs that can be modulated to afford compounds with diverse selectivity profiles. Most importantly, we have demonstrated that select PACAP glycopeptide analogues (2LS80Mel and 2LS98Lac) exert potent neuroprotective effects and anti-inflammatory activity in animal models of traumatic brain injury and in a mild-toxin lesion model of Parkinson's disease, highlighting glycosylation as a viable strategy for converting endogenous peptides into robust and efficacious drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Apostol
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, BIO5, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Kelsey Bernard
- Graduate Interdisciplinary Program in Physiological Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | | | - Gabriella Molnar
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Mitchell J Bartlett
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Lajos Szabò
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, BIO5, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Chenxi Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, BIO5, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - J Bryce Ortiz
- Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, United States.,Department of Child Health, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, United States.,Phoenix Veteran Affairs Health Care System, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Maha Saber
- Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, United States.,Department of Child Health, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Katherine R Giordano
- Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, United States.,Department of Child Health, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, United States.,Phoenix Veteran Affairs Health Care System, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Tabitha R F Green
- Department of Child Health, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - James Melvin
- Department of Child Health, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, United States.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Helena W Morrison
- College of Nursing, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Lalitha Madhavan
- Graduate Interdisciplinary Program in Physiological Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.,Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Rachel K Rowe
- Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, United States.,Department of Child Health, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, United States.,Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - John M Streicher
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Michael L Heien
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, BIO5, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Torsten Falk
- Graduate Interdisciplinary Program in Physiological Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.,Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Robin Polt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, BIO5, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
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3
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Bakalar D, Sweat S, Drossel G, Jiang SZ, Samal BS, Stroth N, Xu W, Zhang L, Zhang H, Eiden LE. Relationships between constitutive and acute gene regulation, and physiological and behavioral responses, mediated by the neuropeptide PACAP. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 135:105447. [PMID: 34741979 PMCID: PMC8900973 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Since the advent of gene knock-out technology in 1987, insight into the role(s) of neuropeptides in centrally- and peripherally-mediated physiological regulation has been gleaned by examining altered physiological functioning in mammals, predominantly mice, after genetic editing to produce animals deficient in neuropeptides or their cognate G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). These results have complemented experiments involving infusion of neuropeptide agonists or antagonists systemically or into specific brain regions. Effects of gene loss are often interpreted as indicating that the peptide and its receptor(s) are required for the physiological or behavioral responses elicited in wild-type mice at the time of experimental examination. These interpretations presume that peptide/peptide receptor gene deletion affects only the expression of the peptide/receptor itself, and therefore impacts physiological events only at the time at which the experiment is conducted. A way to support 'real-time' interpretations of neuropeptide gene knock-out is to demonstrate that the wild-type transcriptome, except for the deliberately deleted gene(s), in tissues of interest, is preserved in the knock-out mouse. Here, we show that there is a cohort of genes (constitutively PACAP-Regulated Genes, or cPRGs) whose basal expression is affected by constitutive knock-out of the Adcyap1 gene in C57Bl6/N mice, and additional genes whose expression in response to physiological challenge, in adults, is altered or impaired in the absence of PACAP expression (acutely PACAP-Regulated Genes, or aPRGs). Distinguishing constitutive and acute transcriptomic effects of neuropeptide deficiency on physiological function and behavior in mice reveals alternative mechanisms of action, and changing functions of neuropeptides, throughout the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Bakalar
- Section on Molecular Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Heath - Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD. NIH, USA
| | - Sean Sweat
- Section on Molecular Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Heath - Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD. NIH, USA
| | - Gunner Drossel
- Section on Molecular Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Heath - Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD. NIH, USA
| | - Sunny Z. Jiang
- Section on Molecular Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Heath - Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD. NIH, USA
| | - Babru S. Samal
- Section on Molecular Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Heath - Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD. NIH, USA
| | - Nikolas Stroth
- Section on Molecular Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Heath - Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD. NIH, USA
| | - Wenqin Xu
- Section on Molecular Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Heath - Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD. NIH, USA
| | - Limei Zhang
- Section on Molecular Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Heath - Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD. NIH, USA,Department of Physiology, Autonomous National University of Mexico (UNAM) Medical School, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Haiying Zhang
- Section on Molecular Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Heath - Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD. NIH, USA
| | - Lee E. Eiden
- Section on Molecular Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Heath - Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD. NIH, USA,Correspondence Lee E. Eiden, Ph.D., Section on Molecular Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Heath – Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD. NIH, USA, Phone: +13014964110,
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Shili I, Hamdi Y, Marouani A, Ben Lasfar Z, Ghrairi T, Lefranc B, Leprince J, Vaudry D, Olfa MK. Long-term protective effect of PACAP in a fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) model. Peptides 2021; 146:170630. [PMID: 34481915 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal ethanol exposure provokes teratogenic effects, due to oxidative stress and massive neuronal apoptosis in the developing brain that result in lifelong behavioral abnormalities. PACAP exerts anti-oxidative and neuroprotective activities on neuronal cells, and prevents ethanol neurotoxicity. The present study focused on the ability of PACAP to protect the brain of 30-day-old mice (P30) from prenatal alcohol exposure induced oxidative damage and toxicity. Pregnant mice were divided randomly into 4 groups, i.e. control group, ethanol group (1.5 g/kg ip daily injection), PACAP group (5 μg intrauterine daily injection) and an ethanol plus PACAP group. Offspring prenatally exposed to ethanol had decreased body weight and reduced cell survival. Moreover, production of ROS was sharply enhanced in the brain of prenatal ethanol-exposed animals, associated with an elevation in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes, and an increase of oxidative damages as shown by the accumulation of the lipid oxidation marker malondialdehyde and of protein carbonyl compounds. Intrauterine administration of PACAP during the gestational period restored the endogenous antioxidant system, prevented ROS overproduction and promoted the survival of dissociated cells from animals prenatally exposed to ethanol. Behavioral tests revealed that P30 animals exposed to ethanol during the prenatal period exhibited reduced motor activity, altered exploratory interest and increased anxiety. However, PACAP treatment significantly attenuated these behavioral impairments. This study demonstrates that PACAP exerts a potent neuroprotective effect against alcohol toxicity during brain development, and indicates that PACAP and/or PACAP analogs might be a useful tool for treatment of alcohol intoxication during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilhem Shili
- University Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, LR18ES03, Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Cellular Physiopathology and Biomelcules Valorisation, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia; Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Communication and Differentiation, Neuropeptides, Neuronal Death and Cell Plasticity Team, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Yosra Hamdi
- University Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, LR18ES03, Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Cellular Physiopathology and Biomelcules Valorisation, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ammar Marouani
- Institut Pasteur Tunisia, Laboratory of Venins and Toxines, B.P. 74, 1002 Tunis-Belvédère, Tunisia
| | - Zakaria Ben Lasfar
- Institut Pasteur Tunisia, Laboratory of Venins and Toxines, B.P. 74, 1002 Tunis-Belvédère, Tunisia
| | - Taoufik Ghrairi
- University Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, LR18ES03, Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Cellular Physiopathology and Biomelcules Valorisation, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Benjamin Lefranc
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Communication and Differentiation, Neuropeptides, Neuronal Death and Cell Plasticity Team, 76000 Rouen, France; Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Regional Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy (PRIMACEN), 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Jérôme Leprince
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Communication and Differentiation, Neuropeptides, Neuronal Death and Cell Plasticity Team, 76000 Rouen, France; Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Regional Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy (PRIMACEN), 76000 Rouen, France
| | - David Vaudry
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Communication and Differentiation, Neuropeptides, Neuronal Death and Cell Plasticity Team, 76000 Rouen, France; Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Regional Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy (PRIMACEN), 76000 Rouen, France.
| | - Masmoudi-Kouki Olfa
- University Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, LR18ES03, Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Cellular Physiopathology and Biomelcules Valorisation, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia.
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5
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Protective Effects of PACAP in a Rat Model of Diabetic Neuropathy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910691. [PMID: 34639032 PMCID: PMC8509403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) is a neuropeptide with a widespread occurrence and diverse effects. PACAP has well-documented neuro- and cytoprotective effects, proven in numerous studies. Among others, PACAP is protective in models of diabetes-associated diseases, such as diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy. As the neuropeptide has strong neurotrophic and neuroprotective actions, we aimed at investigating the effects of PACAP in a rat model of streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathy, another common complication of diabetes. Rats were treated with PACAP1-38 every second day for 8 weeks starting simultaneously with the streptozotocin injection. Nerve fiber morphology was examined with electron microscopy, chronic neuronal activation in pain processing centers was studied with FosB immunohistochemistry, and functionality was assessed by determining the mechanical nociceptive threshold. PACAP treatment did not alter body weight or blood glucose levels during the 8-week observation period. However, PACAP attenuated the mechanical hyperalgesia, compared to vehicle-treated diabetic animals, and it markedly reduced the morphological signs characteristic for neuropathy: axon–myelin separation, mitochondrial fission, unmyelinated fiber atrophy, and basement membrane thickening of endoneurial vessels. Furthermore, PACAP attenuated the increase in FosB immunoreactivity in the dorsal spinal horn and periaqueductal grey matter. Our results show that PACAP is a promising therapeutic agent in diabetes-associated complications, including diabetic neuropathy.
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VIP Stabilizes the Cytoskeleton of Schlemm's Canal Endothelia via Reducing Caspase-3 Mediated ZO-1 Endolysosomal Degradation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9397960. [PMID: 34552687 PMCID: PMC8452417 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9397960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives In glaucomatous eyes, the main aqueous humor (AH) outflow pathway is damaged by accumulated oxidative stress arising from the microenvironment, vascular dysregulation, and aging, which results in increased outflow resistance and ocular hypertension. Schlemm's canal (SC) serves as the final filtration barrier of the main AH outflow pathway. The present study is aimed at investigating the possible regulation of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on the cytoskeleton by stabilizing ZO-1 in SC. Methods Model of chronic ocular hypertension (COH) induced by episcleral venous cauterization was treated with topical VIP. The ultrastructure of junctions, ZO-1 levels, and permeability of the SC inner wall to FITC-dextran (70 kDa) were detected in the COH models. The F-actin distribution, F/G-actin ratio, and ZO-1 degradation pathway in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and HEK 293 cells were investigated. Results ZO-1 in the outer wall of the SC was less than that in the inner wall. COH elicited junction disruption, ZO-1 reduction, and increased permeability of the SC inner wall to FITC-dextran in rats. ZO-1 plays an essential role in maintaining the F/G-actin ratio and F-actin distribution. VIP treatment attenuated the downregulation of ZO-1 associated with COH or H2O2-induced oxidative damage. In H2O2-stimulated HUVECs, the caspase-3 inhibitor prevents ZO-1 disruption. Caspase-3 activation promoted endolysosomal degradation of ZO-1. Furthermore, a decrease in caspase-3 activation and cytoskeleton redistribution was demonstrated in VIP + H2O2-treated cells. The knockdown of ZO-1 or the overexpression of caspase-3 blocked the effect of VIP on the cytoskeleton. Conclusion This study provides insights into the role of VIP in stabilizing the interaction between the actin cytoskeleton and cell junctions and may provide a promising targeted strategy for glaucoma treatment.
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Chua LL, Ho P, Toh J, Tan EK. Chetomin rescues pathogenic phenotype of LRRK2 mutation in drosophila. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:18561-18570. [PMID: 32990658 PMCID: PMC7585092 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is a complex protein kinase involved in a diverse set of functions. Mutations in LRRK2 are a common cause of autosomal dominant familial Parkinson's disease. Peroxiredoxin 2 (PRDX2) belongs to a family of anti-oxidants that protect cells from oxidative stress. Importantly, PRDX2 is a cytoplasmic protein, similar to Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2, which localizes predominantly in the cytosol. Here, we demonstrated that Leurice-rich repeat kinase 2 phosphorylates PRDX2 in Drosophila, leading to a loss of dopaminergic neurons, climbing ability and shortened lifespan. These pathogenic phenotypes in the LRRK2 Drosophila were rescued with transgenic expression of PRDX2. Chetomin, a PRDX2 mimic, belongs to a class of epidithio-diketopiperazine fungal secondary metabolites (containing a dithiol group that has hydrogen peroxide-reducing activity). As proof of principle, we demonstrated that Chetomin recapitulated the rescue in these mutant Drosophila. Our findings suggest that Chetomin can be a potential therapeutic compound in LRRK2 linked Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ling Chua
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Patrick Ho
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Joanne Toh
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Eng-King Tan
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore,Department of Neurology, Singapore General Hospital Singapore 169856, Singapore,Neuroscience Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke-NUS School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
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Solés-Tarrés I, Cabezas-Llobet N, Vaudry D, Xifró X. Protective Effects of Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide and Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Against Cognitive Decline in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:221. [PMID: 32765225 PMCID: PMC7380167 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is one of the major symptoms in most neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s (AD), Parkinson (PD), and Huntington diseases (HD), affecting millions of people worldwide. Unfortunately, there is no treatment to cure or prevent the progression of those diseases. Cognitive impairment has been related to neuronal cell death and/or synaptic plasticity alteration in important brain regions, such as the cerebral cortex, substantia nigra, striatum, and hippocampus. Therefore, compounds that can act to protect the neuronal loss and/or to reestablish the synaptic activity are needed to prevent cognitive decline in neurodegenerative diseases. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) are two highly related multifunctional neuropeptides widely distributed in the central nervous system (CNS). PACAP and VIP exert their action through two common receptors, VPAC1 and VPAC2, while PACAP has an additional specific receptor, PAC1. In this review article, we first presented evidence showing the therapeutic potential of PACAP and VIP to fight the cognitive decline observed in models of AD, PD, and HD. We also reviewed the main transduction pathways activated by PACAP and VIP receptors to reduce cognitive dysfunction. Furthermore, we identified the therapeutic targets of PACAP and VIP, and finally, we evaluated different novel synthetic PACAP and VIP analogs as promising pharmacological tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Solés-Tarrés
- New Therapeutic Targets Group (TargetsLab), Department of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Núria Cabezas-Llobet
- New Therapeutic Targets Group (TargetsLab), Department of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - David Vaudry
- Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Communication and Differentiation, Neuropeptides, Neuronal Death and Cell Plasticity Team, Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Inserm, Rouen, France
| | - Xavier Xifró
- New Therapeutic Targets Group (TargetsLab), Department of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
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Proteomics analysis of Schwann cell-derived exosomes: a novel therapeutic strategy for central nervous system injury. Mol Cell Biochem 2019; 457:51-59. [PMID: 30830528 PMCID: PMC6548868 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-019-03511-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are nanometer-sized vesicles involved in intercellular communication, and they are released by various cell types. To learn about exosomes produced by Schwann cells (SCs) and to explore their potential function in repairing the central nervous system (CNS), we isolated exosomes from supernatants of SCs by ultracentrifugation, characterized them by electron microscopy and immunoblotting and determined their protein profile using proteomic analysis. The results demonstrated that Schwann cell-derived exosomes (SCDEs) were, on average, 106.5 nm in diameter, round, and had cup-like concavity and expressed exosome markers CD9 and Alix but not tumor susceptibility gene (TSG) 101. We identified a total of 433 proteins, among which 398 proteins overlapped with the ExoCarta database. According to their specific functions, we identified 12 proteins that are closely related to CNS repair and classified them by different potential mechanisms, such as axon regeneration and inflammation inhibition. Gene Oncology analysis indicated that SCDEs are mainly involved in signal transduction and cell communication. Biological pathway analysis showed that pathways are mostly involved in exosome biogenesis, formation, uptake and axon regeneration. Among the pathways, the neurotrophin, PI3K-Akt and cAMP signaling pathways played important roles in CNS repair. Our study isolated SCDEs, unveiled their contents, presented potential neurorestorative proteins and pathways and provided a rich proteomics data resource that will be valuable for future studies of the functions of individual proteins in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Reglodi D, Toth D, Vicena V, Manavalan S, Brown D, Getachew B, Tizabi Y. Therapeutic potential of PACAP in alcohol toxicity. Neurochem Int 2019; 124:238-244. [PMID: 30682380 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol addiction is a worldwide concern as its detrimental effects go far beyond the addicted individual and can affect the entire family as well as the community. Considerable effort is being expended in understanding the neurobiological basis of such addiction in hope of developing effective prevention and/or intervention strategies. In addition, organ damage and neurotoxicological effects of alcohol are intensely investigated. Pharmacological approaches, so far, have only provided partial success in prevention or treatment of alcohol use disorder (AUD) including the neurotoxicological consequences of heavy drinking. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is an endogenous 38 amino-acid neuropeptide with demonstrated protection against neuronal injury, trauma as well as various endogenous and exogenous toxic agents including alcohol. In this mini-review, following a brief presentation of alcohol addiction and its neurotoxicity, the potential of PACAP as a therapeutic intervention in toxicological consequences of this devastating disorder is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Reglodi
- Department of Anatomy, MTA-PTE PACAP Research Team, University of Pecs Medical School, Hungary.
| | - Denes Toth
- Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Pecs Medical School, Hungary
| | - Viktoria Vicena
- Department of Anatomy, MTA-PTE PACAP Research Team, University of Pecs Medical School, Hungary
| | - Sridharan Manavalan
- Department of Anatomy, MTA-PTE PACAP Research Team, University of Pecs Medical School, Hungary; Department of Basic Sciences, National University of Health Sciences, Florida, USA
| | - Dwayne Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Bruk Getachew
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Yousef Tizabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
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AMPK Activation of PGC-1α/NRF-1-Dependent SELENOT Gene Transcription Promotes PACAP-Induced Neuroendocrine Cell Differentiation Through Tolerance to Oxidative Stress. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:4086-4101. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1352-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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12
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Protective effects of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide against neurotoxic agents. Neurotoxicology 2018; 66:185-194. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Medvedev A, Buneeva O, Gnedenko O, Ershov P, Ivanov A. Isatin, an endogenous nonpeptide biofactor: A review of its molecular targets, mechanisms of actions, and their biomedical implications. Biofactors 2018; 44:95-108. [PMID: 29336068 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Isatin (indole-2,3-dione) is an oxidized indole. It is widely distributed in mammalian tissues and body fluids, where isatin concentrations vary significantly from <0.1 to > 10 µM. Isatin output is increased under conditions of stress. Exogenously administered isatin is characterized by low toxicity, mutagenicity, and genotoxicity in vivo. Cytotoxic effects of isatin on various cell cultures are usually observed at concentrations exceeding 100 µM. Binding of [3 H]isatin to rat brain sections is consistent with its physiological concentrations. Proteomic analysis of mouse and rat brain isatin-binding proteins revealed about 90 individual proteins, which demonstrated significant interspecies differences (rat versus mouse). Certain evidence exist that redox state(s) and possibly other types of posttranslational modifications regulate affinity of target proteins to isatin. Recent data suggest that interacting with numerous intracellular isatin binding proteins, isatin can act as a regulator of complex protein networks in norm and pathology. Physiological concentrations of isatin in vitro inhibit monoamine oxidase B and natriuretic peptide receptor guanylate cyclase, higher (neuroprotective) concentrations (50-400 μM) cause apoptosis of various (including malignant tumor) cell lines and influence expression of certain apoptosis-related genes. Being administered in vivo, isatin exhibits various behavioral effects; it attenuates manifestations of MPTP-induced parkinsonism and tumor growth in experimental animal models. © 2017 BioFactors, 44(2):95-108, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei Medvedev
- Department of Proteomic Research and Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Buneeva
- Department of Proteomic Research and Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Oksana Gnedenko
- Department of Proteomic Research and Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel Ershov
- Department of Proteomic Research and Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexis Ivanov
- Department of Proteomic Research and Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
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Amri F, Ghouili I, Amri M, Carrier A, Masmoudi-Kouki O. Neuroglobin protects astroglial cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress and apoptotic cell death. J Neurochem 2016; 140:151-169. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Amri
- Université de Tunis El Manar; Faculté des Sciences de Tunis; UR/11ES09 Laboratory of Functional Neurophysiology and Pathology; Tunisia
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM); INSERM U1068; CNRS UMR7258; Aix-Marseille Université UM105; Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy; Marseille France
| | - Ikram Ghouili
- Université de Tunis El Manar; Faculté des Sciences de Tunis; UR/11ES09 Laboratory of Functional Neurophysiology and Pathology; Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Amri
- Université de Tunis El Manar; Faculté des Sciences de Tunis; UR/11ES09 Laboratory of Functional Neurophysiology and Pathology; Tunisia
| | - Alice Carrier
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM); INSERM U1068; CNRS UMR7258; Aix-Marseille Université UM105; Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy; Marseille France
| | - Olfa Masmoudi-Kouki
- Université de Tunis El Manar; Faculté des Sciences de Tunis; UR/11ES09 Laboratory of Functional Neurophysiology and Pathology; Tunisia
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15
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Douiri S, Bahdoudi S, Hamdi Y, Cubì R, Basille M, Fournier A, Vaudry H, Tonon MC, Amri M, Vaudry D, Masmoudi-Kouki O. Involvement of endogenous antioxidant systems in the protective activity of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative damages in cultured rat astrocytes. J Neurochem 2016; 137:913-30. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Salma Douiri
- Laboratory of Functional Neurophysiology and Pathology; Research Unit UR/11ES09; Department of Biological Sciences; Faculty of Science of Tunis; University Tunis El Manar; Tunis Tunisia
| | - Seyma Bahdoudi
- Laboratory of Functional Neurophysiology and Pathology; Research Unit UR/11ES09; Department of Biological Sciences; Faculty of Science of Tunis; University Tunis El Manar; Tunis Tunisia
- Inserm U982; Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Communication and Differentiation; University of Rouen; Mont-Saint-Aignan France
| | - Yosra Hamdi
- Laboratory of Functional Neurophysiology and Pathology; Research Unit UR/11ES09; Department of Biological Sciences; Faculty of Science of Tunis; University Tunis El Manar; Tunis Tunisia
| | - Roger Cubì
- Inserm U982; Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Communication and Differentiation; University of Rouen; Mont-Saint-Aignan France
| | - Magali Basille
- Inserm U982; Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Communication and Differentiation; University of Rouen; Mont-Saint-Aignan France
- Regional Platform for Cell Imaging of Normandie (PRIMACEN); Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation; University of Rouen; Mont-Saint-Aignan France
| | - Alain Fournier
- INRS - Institut Armand-Frappier; Laval Quebec Canada
- Laboratoire International Associé Samuel de Champlain; Institut Armand-Frappier; Laval Quebec Canada
- International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain; University of Rouen; Mont-Saint-Aignan France
| | - Hubert Vaudry
- Inserm U982; Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Communication and Differentiation; University of Rouen; Mont-Saint-Aignan France
- Regional Platform for Cell Imaging of Normandie (PRIMACEN); Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation; University of Rouen; Mont-Saint-Aignan France
- International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain; University of Rouen; Mont-Saint-Aignan France
| | - Marie-Christine Tonon
- Inserm U982; Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Communication and Differentiation; University of Rouen; Mont-Saint-Aignan France
- Regional Platform for Cell Imaging of Normandie (PRIMACEN); Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation; University of Rouen; Mont-Saint-Aignan France
| | - Mohamed Amri
- Laboratory of Functional Neurophysiology and Pathology; Research Unit UR/11ES09; Department of Biological Sciences; Faculty of Science of Tunis; University Tunis El Manar; Tunis Tunisia
| | - David Vaudry
- Inserm U982; Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Communication and Differentiation; University of Rouen; Mont-Saint-Aignan France
- Regional Platform for Cell Imaging of Normandie (PRIMACEN); Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation; University of Rouen; Mont-Saint-Aignan France
- International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain; University of Rouen; Mont-Saint-Aignan France
| | - Olfa Masmoudi-Kouki
- Laboratory of Functional Neurophysiology and Pathology; Research Unit UR/11ES09; Department of Biological Sciences; Faculty of Science of Tunis; University Tunis El Manar; Tunis Tunisia
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16
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Mitchell RM, Tajuddin N, Campbell EM, Neafsey EJ, Collins MA. Ethanol preconditioning of rat cerebellar cultures targets NMDA receptors to the synapse and enhances peroxiredoxin 2 expression. Brain Res 2016; 1642:163-169. [PMID: 27021955 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies indicate that light-moderate alcohol (ethanol) consumers tend to have reduced risks of cognitive impairment and progression to dementia during aging. Exploring possible mechanisms, we previously found that moderate ethanol preconditioning (MEP, 20-30mM) of rat brain cultures for several days instigated neuroprotection against β-amyloid peptides. Our biochemical evidence implicated the NMDA receptor (NMDAR) as a potential neuroprotective "sensor", specifically via synaptic NMDAR signaling. It remains unclear how ethanol modulates the receptor and its downstream targets to engender neuroprotection. Here we confirm with deconvolution microscopy that MEP of rat mixed cerebellar cultures robustly increases synaptic NMDAR localization. Phospho-activation of the non-receptor tyrosine kinases Src and Pyk2, known to be linked to synaptic NMDAR, is also demonstrated. Additionally, the preconditioning enhances levels of an antioxidant protein, peroxiredoxin 2 (Prx2), reported to be downstream of synaptic NMDAR signaling, and NMDAR antagonism with memantine (earlier found to abrogate MEP neuroprotection) blocks the Prx2 elevations. To further link Prx2 with antioxidant-based neuroprotection, we circumvented the ethanol preconditioning-NMDAR pathway by pharmacologically increasing Prx2 with the naturally-occurring cruciferous compound, 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione (D3T). Thus, D3T pretreatment elevated Prx2 expression to a similar extent as MEP, while concomitantly preventing β-amyloid neurotoxicity; D3T also protected the cultures from hydrogen peroxide toxicity. The findings support a mechanism that couples synaptic NMDAR signaling, Prx2 expression and augmented antioxidant defenses in ethanol preconditioning-induced neuroprotection. That this mechanism can be emulated by a cruciferous vegetable constituent suggests that such naturally-occurring "neutraceuticals" may be useful in therapy for oxidative stress-related dementias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Mitchell
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL 60153, United States
| | - Nuzhath Tajuddin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL 60153, United States
| | - Edward M Campbell
- Department of Cell & Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL 60153, United States
| | - Edward J Neafsey
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL 60153, United States
| | - Michael A Collins
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL 60153, United States.
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Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide Reverses Ammonium Metavanadate-Induced Airway Hyperresponsiveness in Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015. [PMID: 26199679 PMCID: PMC4496651 DOI: 10.1155/2015/787561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The rate of atmospheric vanadium is constantly increasing due to fossil fuel combustion. This environmental pollution favours vanadium exposure in particular to its vanadate form, causing occupational bronchial asthma and bronchitis. Based on the well admitted bronchodilator properties of the pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), we investigated the ability of this neuropeptide to reverse the vanadate-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in rats. Exposure to ammonium metavanadate aerosols (5 mg/m3/h) for 15 minutes induced 4 hours later an array of pathophysiological events, including increase of bronchial resistance and histological alterations, activation of proinflammatory alveolar macrophages, and increased oxidative stress status. Powerfully, PACAP inhalation (0.1 mM) for 10 minutes alleviated many of these deleterious effects as demonstrated by a decrease of bronchial resistance and histological restoration. PACAP reduced the level of expression of mRNA encoding inflammatory chemokines (MIP-1α, MIP-2, and KC) and cytokines (IL-1α and TNF-α) in alveolar macrophages and improved the antioxidant status. PACAP reverses the vanadate-induced airway hyperresponsiveness not only through its bronchodilator activity but also by counteracting the proinflammatory and prooxidative effects of the metal. Then, the development of stable analogs of PACAP could represent a promising therapeutic alternative for the treatment of inflammatory respiratory disorders.
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18
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Zhou Y, Duan S, Zhou Y, Yu S, Wu J, Wu X, Zhao J, Zhao Y. Sulfiredoxin-1 attenuates oxidative stress via Nrf2/ARE pathway and 2-Cys Prdxs after oxygen-glucose deprivation in astrocytes. J Mol Neurosci 2015; 55:941-50. [PMID: 25407820 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-014-0449-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Sulfiredoxin-1 (Srxn1), an endogenous antioxidant protein, is involved in keeping the balance of the cell's oxidation/reduction and can resist oxidative stress. However, the exact antioxidant effects of Srxn1 remain fully unclear. The study aims to examine the effects of Srxn1 on oxidative stress and explore the potential mechanisms in astrocytes with 6 h/oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), 24 h/respiration. In the study, silencing Srxn1 was performed before exposure to 6 h/OGD, 24 h/respiration in primary astrocytes. Decreased cell viability and increased cellular damage measured by CellTiter 96H AQueous Non-Radioactive Cell Proliferation Assay (MTS) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were observed in Srxn1 silencing astrocytes. In addition, Srxn1 silencing resulted in a decrease in both intracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH). NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor known to influence susceptibility to oxidative stress, upregulated Srxn1 expression during oxidative stress caused by OGD in the astrocytes. Electromobility shift assay (EMSA) demonstrated a decreased binding of Nrf2 to oligomers containing Srxn1 ter-specific antioxidant response element (ARE)-binding site in Nrf2 silencing astrocytes. We also found that a reduction of peroxiredoxin (Prdx)-SO3 was closely dependent on Srxn1. In addition, 2-Cys Prdxs protein levels were increased in the astrocytes exposed to OGD, as evaluated by immunoblot analysis. All taken together, the study suggested that silencing Srxn1 would result into increasing sensitivity to OGD-induced oxidative stress injury in astrocytes. Furthermore, Nrf2/ARE pathway was involved into Srxn1, playing its antioxidant protection against oxidative stress, all of which would provide a novel therapeutic theory for treating acute ischemic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Street, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
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19
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Cerebrospinal fluid biomarker candidates associated with human WNV neuroinvasive disease. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93637. [PMID: 24695528 PMCID: PMC3973578 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last decade, the epidemiology of WNV in humans has changed in the southern regions of Europe, with high incidence of West Nile fever (WNF) cases, but also of West Nile neuroinvasive disease (WNND). The lack of human vaccine or specific treatment against WNV infection imparts a pressing need to characterize indicators associated with neurological involvement. By its intimacy with central nervous system (CNS) structures, modifications in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) composition could accurately reflect CNS pathological process. Until now, few studies investigated the association between imbalance of CSF elements and severity of WNV infection. The aim of the present study was to apply the iTRAQ technology in order to identify the CSF proteins whose abundances are modified in patients with WNND. Forty-seven proteins were found modified in the CSF of WNND patients as compared to control groups, and most of them are reported for the first time in the context of WNND. On the basis of their known biological functions, several of these proteins were associated with inflammatory response. Among them, Defensin-1 alpha (DEFA1), a protein reported with anti-viral effects, presented the highest increasing fold-change (FC>12). The augmentation of DEFA1 abundance in patients with WNND was confirmed at the CSF, but also in serum, compared to the control individual groups. Furthermore, the DEFA1 serum level was significantly elevated in WNND patients compared to subjects diagnosed for WNF. The present study provided the first insight into the potential CSF biomarkers associated with WNV neuroinvasion. Further investigation in larger cohorts with kinetic sampling could determine the usefulness of measuring DEFA1 as diagnostic or prognostic biomarker of detrimental WNND evolution.
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20
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Choi JH, Kim DW, Yoo DY, Jeong HJ, Kim W, Jung HY, Nam SM, Kim JH, Yoon YS, Choi SY, Hwang IK. Repeated administration of PEP-1-Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase and PEP-1-peroxiredoxin-2 to senescent mice induced by D-galactose improves the hippocampal functions. Neurochem Res 2013; 38:2046-55. [PMID: 23892988 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-013-1112-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress initiates age-related reduction in hippocampal neurogenesis and the use of antioxidants has been proposed as an effective strategy to prevent or attenuate the reduction of neurogenesis in the hippocampus. In the present study, we investigated the effects of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) and/or peroxiredoxin-2 (PRX2) on cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation in the dentate gyrus in a model of D-galactose-induced aging model. For this study, we constructed an expression vector, PEP-1, fused PEP-1 with SOD1 or PRX2, and generated PEP-1-SOD1 and PEP-1-PRX2 fusion protein. The aging model was induced by subcutaneous injection of D-galactose (100 mg/kg) to 6-week-old male mice for 10 weeks. PEP-1, PEP-1-SOD1 and/or PEP-1-PRX2 fusion protein was intraperitoneally administered to these mice at 13-week-old once a day for 3 weeks and sacrificed at 30 min after the last administrations. The administration of PEP-1-SOD1 and/or PEP-1-PRX2 significantly improved D-galactose-induced deficits on the escape latency, swimming speeds, platform crossings, spatial preference for the target quadrant in Morris water maze test. In addition, the administration of PEP-1-SOD1 and/or PEP-1-PRX2 ameliorated D-galactose-induced reductions of cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation in the dentate gyrus and significantly reduced D-galactose-induced lipid peroxidation in the hippocampus. These effects were more prominent in the PEP-1-SOD1-treated group with PEP-1-PRX2. These results suggest that a SOD1 and/or PRX2 supplement to aged mice could improve the memory deficits, cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation in the dentate gyrus of D-galactose induced aged mice by reducing lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hoon Choi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, South Korea
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21
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Hyperoxia changes the balance of the thioredoxin/peroxiredoxin system in the neonatal rat brain. Brain Res 2012; 1484:68-75. [PMID: 23006780 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Revised: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and intrinsic antioxidant defense systems play an important role in both physiological cell signaling processes and many pathological states, including neurodegenerative disorders and oxygen-toxicity. Here we report that short exposures to non-physiologic oxygen levels change the balance of the ROS-dependent thioredoxin/peroxiredoxin system in the developing rat brain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of peroxiredoxins, thioredoxin 1, sulfiredoxin 1, and DJ-1 on gene and protein level under hyperoxic conditions. Six-days old Wistar rats were exposed to 80% oxygen for 6-48 h while sex-matched littermates were kept in room-air and served as controls. Oxygen-toxicity significantly induced upregulation of peroxiredoxins 1 and 2, peroxiredoxin sulfonic form, thioredoxin 1, and sulfiredoxin 1 in the brains of infant rats. Additionally, hyperoxia reduced the level of DJ-1, a hydroperoxide-responsive protein in the developing rat brain. The pathology of hyperoxia-mediated injury to the developing brain is still elusive and oxygen administration to neonates is often inevitable. These findings may provide evidence for the development of targeted therapeutic strategies to enhance the antioxidative defense of the immature brain.
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Raoult E, Roussel BD, Bénard M, Lefebvre T, Ravni A, Ali C, Vivien D, Komuro H, Fournier A, Vaudry H, Vaudry D, Galas L. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) stimulates the expression and the release of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in neuronal cells: involvement of tPA in the neuroprotective effect of PACAP. J Neurochem 2011; 119:920-31. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07486.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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23
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Goursaud S, Focant MC, Berger JV, Nizet Y, Maloteaux J, Hermans E. The VPAC
2
agonist peptide histidine isoleucine (PHI) up‐regulates glutamate transport in the corpus callosum of a rat model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (hSOD1
G93A
) by inhibiting caspase‐3 mediated inactivation of GLT‐1a. FASEB J 2011; 25:3674-86. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.11-182337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Goursaud
- Group of Neuropharmacology, Institute of NeuroscienceUniversité Catholique de Louvain Brussels Belgium
| | - Marylène C. Focant
- Group of Neuropharmacology, Institute of NeuroscienceUniversité Catholique de Louvain Brussels Belgium
| | - Julie V. Berger
- Group of Neuropharmacology, Institute of NeuroscienceUniversité Catholique de Louvain Brussels Belgium
| | - Yannick Nizet
- Laboratory of Experimental SurgeryInstitute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain Brussels Belgium
| | - Jean‐Marie Maloteaux
- Group of Neuropharmacology, Institute of NeuroscienceUniversité Catholique de Louvain Brussels Belgium
| | - Emmanuel Hermans
- Group of Neuropharmacology, Institute of NeuroscienceUniversité Catholique de Louvain Brussels Belgium
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Gasperini L, Piubelli C, Carboni L. Proteomics of rat hypothalamus, hippocampus and pre-frontal/frontal cortex after central administration of the neuropeptide PACAP. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 39:2921-35. [PMID: 21687973 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-1054-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2010] [Accepted: 06/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a neuropeptide that exerts pleiotropic functions, acting as a hypophysiotropic factor, a neurotrophic and a neuroprotective agent. The molecular pathways activated by PACAP to exert its physiological roles in brain are incompletely understood. In this study, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), prolactin, luteinising hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), brain-derived neurotrophic factor and corticosterone blood levels were determined before and 20, 40, 60, and 120 min after PACAP intracerebroventricular administration. PACAP treatment increased ACTH, corticosterone, LH and FSH blood concentrations, while it decreased TSH levels. A proteomics investigation was carried out in hypothalamus, hippocampus and pre-frontal/frontal cortex (P/FC) using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis at 120 min, the end-point suggested by studies on PACAP hypophysiotropic activities. Spots showing statistically significant alterations after PACAP treatment were identified by Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-Time of flight mass spectrometry. Identified proteins were consistent with PACAP involvement in different molecular processes in brain. Altered expression levels were observed for proteins involved in cytoskeleton modulation and synaptic plasticity: actin in the hypothalamus; stathmin, dynamin, profilin and cofilin in hippocampus; synapsin in P/FC. Proteins involved in cellular differentiation were also modulated: glutathione-S-transferase α and peroxiredoxin in hippocampus; nucleoside diphosphate kinase in P/FC. Alterations were detected in proteins involved in neuroprotection, neurodegeneration and apoptosis: ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase isozyme L1 and heat shock protein 90-β in hypothalamus; α-synuclein in hippocampus; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and prohibitin in P/FC. This proteomics study identified new proteins involved in molecular mechanisms mediating PACAP functions in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Gasperini
- Neurosciences CEDD, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Via A Fleming 4, 37135 Verona, Italy
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25
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Horvath G, Brubel R, Kovacs K, Reglodi D, Opper B, Ferencz A, Szakaly P, Laszlo E, Hau L, Kiss P, Tamas A, Racz B. Effects of PACAP on oxidative stress-induced cell death in rat kidney and human hepatocyte cells. J Mol Neurosci 2010; 43:67-75. [PMID: 20676802 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-010-9428-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2010] [Accepted: 07/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in various renal and hepatic pathologies, and reduction of oxidative stress-induced processes is an important protective strategy in tissues of diverse origins against harmful stimuli. Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a well-known cytotrophic and cytoprotective peptide. PACAP promotes cell survival in numerous cells and tissues exposed to various stimuli. Protective effects of PACAP have been shown in the kidney, but it is not known whether PACAP is protective against oxidative stress in renal cells. Little is known about the effects of PACAP in the liver. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether PACAP is protective against oxidative stress in primary rat kidney cell culture and whether PACAP has any effect on cell survival in human WRL-68 hepatocytes and HEP-G2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells subjected to oxidative stress. Cells were exposed to various concentrations of H(2)O(2) with or without PACAP co-treatment and cell viability was evaluated with the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide test (MTT). We found that oxidative stress induced a significant decrease in cell viability in both cell lines. PACAP could dose-dependently increase the percentage of living cells in kidney cells, but it failed to do so in hepatocytes. Given the survival-promoting effects of PACAP against oxidative stress in rat kidney, we conducted a further experiment to determine whether PACAP influences the markers of oxidative stress in vivo. We have proven earlier that PACAP was effective in kidney ischemia/reperfusion injury in vivo. In the present study, we determined the levels of the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde and the activity of the scavenger molecules glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) following kidney ischemia/reperfusion in rats. We found that PACAP significantly increased the level of GSH and counteracted the marked reduction of SOD activity after ischemia/reperfusion in vivo. In summary, the present study showed that while PACAP was able to significantly increase the cell survival in primary kidney cell cultures exposed to oxidative stress, possibly involving interaction with the endogenous scavenger system, it failed to influence the viability of normal or cancerous hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Horvath
- Department of Anatomy, University of Pécs, Szigeti u 12, 7624, Pécs, Hungary.
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Dejda A, Chan P, Seaborn T, Coquet L, Jouenne T, Fournier A, Vaudry H, Vaudry D. Involvement of stathmin 1 in the neurotrophic effects of PACAP in PC12 cells. J Neurochem 2010; 114:1498-510. [PMID: 20569302 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06873.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells have been widely used to investigate the neurotrophic activities of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP). In particular, PACAP has been shown to promote differentiation and to inhibit apoptosis of PC12 cells. In order to identify the mechanisms mediating these effects, we sought for proteins that are phosphorylated upon PACAP treatment. High-performance liquid chromatography and 2D gel electrophoresis analysis, coupled with mass spectrometry, revealed that stathmin 1 is strongly phosphorylated within only 5 min of exposure to PACAP. Western blot experiments confirmed that PACAP induced a robust phosphorylation of stathmin 1 in a time-dependent manner. On the other hand, PACAP decreased stathmin 1 gene expression. Investigations of the signaling mechanisms known to be activated by PACAP revealed that phosphorylation of stathmin 1 was mainly mediated through the protein kinase A and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Blockage of stathmin 1 expression with small interfering RNA did not affect PC12 cell differentiation induced by PACAP but reduced the ability of the peptide to inhibit caspase 3 activity and significantly decreased its neuroprotective action. Taken together, these data demonstrate that stathmin 1 is involved in the neurotrophic effect of PACAP in PC12 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Dejda
- INSERM U982, Institut Fédératif de Recherches Multidisciplinaires sur les Peptides (IFRMP 23), Université de Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
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Comparison of intestinal warm ischemic injury in PACAP knockout and wild-type mice. J Mol Neurosci 2010; 42:435-42. [PMID: 20387008 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-010-9357-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2010] [Accepted: 03/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is present in the gastrointestinal tract and plays a central role in the intestinal physiology, mainly in the secretion and motility. The aim of our study was to compare the ischemic injury in wild-type and PACAP-38 knockout mice following warm mesenteric small bowel ischemia. Warm ischemia groups were designed with occlusion of superior mesenteric artery for 1, 3, and 6 h in wild-type (n = 10 in each group) and PACAP-38 knockout (n = 10 in each group) mice. Small bowel biopsies were collected after laparotomy (control) and at the end of the ischemia periods. To determine oxidative stress parameters, malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured. Tissue damage was analyzed by qualitative and quantitative methods on hematoxylin/eosin-stained sections. In PACAP-38 knockout animals, tissue MDA increased significantly after 3 and 6 h ischemia (133.97 ± 6,2; 141.86 ± 5,8) compared to sham-operated (100.92 ± 3,6) and compared to wild-type results (112.8 ± 2,1; 118.4 ± 1.03 μmol/g, p < 0.05). Meanwhile, tissue concentration of GSH and activity of SOD decreased significantly in knockout mice compared to wild-type form (GSH, 795.97 ± 10.4; 665.1 ± 8,8 vs. 893.23 ± μmol/g; SOD, 94.4 ± 1.4; 81.2 ± 3.9 vs. 208.09 ± 3,7 IU/g). Qualitative and quantitative histological results showed destruction of the mucous, submucous layers, and crypts in knockout mice compared to wild-type tissues. These processes correlated with the warm ischemia periods. Our present results propose an important protective effect of endogenous PACAP-38 against intestinal warm ischemia, which provides basis for further investigation to elucidate the mechanism of this protective effect.
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Ohtaki H, Satoh A, Nakamachi T, Yofu S, Dohi K, Mori H, Ohara K, Miyamoto K, Hashimoto H, Shintani N, Baba A, Matsunaga M, Shioda S. Regulation of Oxidative Stress by Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) Mediated by PACAP Receptor. J Mol Neurosci 2010; 42:397-403. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-010-9350-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2010] [Accepted: 03/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Buneeva O, Gnedenko O, Zgoda V, Kopylov A, Glover V, Ivanov A, Medvedev A, Archakov A. Isatin-binding proteins of rat and mouse brain: Proteomic identification and optical biosensor validation. Proteomics 2009; 10:23-37. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200900492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Vaudry D, Falluel-Morel A, Bourgault S, Basille M, Burel D, Wurtz O, Fournier A, Chow BKC, Hashimoto H, Galas L, Vaudry H. Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide and Its Receptors: 20 Years after the Discovery. Pharmacol Rev 2009; 61:283-357. [DOI: 10.1124/pr.109.001370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 829] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Crumeyrolle-Arias M, Buneeva O, Zgoda V, Kopylov A, Cardona A, Tournaire MC, Pozdnev V, Glover V, Medvedev A. Isatin binding proteins in rat brain: In situ imaging, quantitative characterization of specific [3H]isatin binding, and proteomic profiling. J Neurosci Res 2009; 87:2763-72. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.22104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Kim SU, Jin MH, Kim YS, Lee SH, Cho YS, Cho KJ, Lee KS, Kim YI, Kim GW, Kim JM, Lee TH, Lee YH, Shong M, Kim HC, Chang KT, Yu DY, Lee DS. Peroxiredoxin II preserves cognitive function against age-linked hippocampal oxidative damage. Neurobiol Aging 2009; 32:1054-68. [PMID: 19577336 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2009.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2008] [Revised: 05/19/2009] [Accepted: 05/27/2009] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), routinely produced in biological reactions, contribute to both normal aging and age-related decline in cognitive function. However, little is known regarding the involvement of specific antioxidants in the underlying mechanism(s). Here, we examined if peroxiredoxin II (Prx II) scavenges intracellular ROS that cause age-dependent mitochondrial decay in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons and subsequent impairment of learning and memory. Age-dependent mitochondrial ROS generation and long-term potentiation (LTP) decline were more prominent in hippocampal neurons in Prx II(-/-) than in wild-type mice. Additionally, Prx II(-/-) mice failed to activate synaptic plasticity-related cellular signaling pathways involving CREB, CaMKII, and ERK, or to maintain functional integrity of their mitochondria. Dietary vitamin E alleviated Prx II deficiency-related deficits, including mitochondrial decay and CREB signaling, resulting in restoration of the abrupt cognitive decline in aged Prx II(-/-) mice. These results suggest that Prx II help maintain hippocampal synaptic plasticity against age-related oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Uk Kim
- Aging Science Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
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