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Law AMK, Chen J, Colino‐Sanguino Y, de la Fuente LR, Fang G, Grimes SM, Lu H, Huang RJ, Boyle ST, Venhuizen J, Castillo L, Tavakoli J, Skhinas JN, Millar EKA, Beretov J, Rossello FJ, Tipper JL, Ormandy CJ, Samuel MS, Cox TR, Martelotto L, Jin D, Valdes‐Mora F, Ji HP, Gallego‐Ortega D. ALTEN: A High-Fidelity Primary Tissue-Engineering Platform to Assess Cellular Responses Ex Vivo. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103332. [PMID: 35611998 PMCID: PMC9313544 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To fully investigate cellular responses to stimuli and perturbations within tissues, it is essential to replicate the complex molecular interactions within the local microenvironment of cellular niches. Here, the authors introduce Alginate-based tissue engineering (ALTEN), a biomimetic tissue platform that allows ex vivo analysis of explanted tissue biopsies. This method preserves the original characteristics of the source tissue's cellular milieu, allowing multiple and diverse cell types to be maintained over an extended period of time. As a result, ALTEN enables rapid and faithful characterization of perturbations across specific cell types within a tissue. Importantly, using single-cell genomics, this approach provides integrated cellular responses at the resolution of individual cells. ALTEN is a powerful tool for the analysis of cellular responses upon exposure to cytotoxic agents and immunomodulators. Additionally, ALTEN's scalability using automated microfluidic devices for tissue encapsulation and subsequent transport, to enable centralized high-throughput analysis of samples gathered by large-scale multicenter studies, is shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M. K. Law
- The Kinghorn Cancer CentreGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSW2010Australia
| | - Jiamin Chen
- Division of OncologyDepartment of MedicineStanford UniversityCalifornia94305USA
| | - Yolanda Colino‐Sanguino
- Cancer Epigenetic Biology and Therapeutics LaboratoryChildren's Cancer InstituteRandwickNSW2052Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of New South Wales SydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Laura Rodriguez de la Fuente
- The Kinghorn Cancer CentreGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSW2010Australia
- Cancer Epigenetic Biology and Therapeutics LaboratoryChildren's Cancer InstituteRandwickNSW2052Australia
| | - Guocheng Fang
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD)Faculty of ScienceThe University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW2007Australia
| | - Susan M. Grimes
- Division of OncologyDepartment of MedicineStanford UniversityCalifornia94305USA
| | - Hongxu Lu
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD)Faculty of ScienceThe University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW2007Australia
| | - Robert J. Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of MedicineStanford UniversityCalifornia94305USA
| | - Sarah T. Boyle
- Centre for Cancer BiologySA Pathology and University of South AustraliaAdelaideSA5000Australia
| | - Jeron Venhuizen
- The Kinghorn Cancer CentreGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSW2010Australia
| | - Lesley Castillo
- The Kinghorn Cancer CentreGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSW2010Australia
| | - Javad Tavakoli
- School of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Technology SydneyNSW2007Australia
| | - Joanna N. Skhinas
- The Kinghorn Cancer CentreGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSW2010Australia
| | - Ewan K. A. Millar
- Department of Anatomical PathologyNSW Health PathologySt George HospitalKogarahNSW2217Australia
- St George & Sutherland Clinical SchoolUNSW SydneyNSW2217Australia
| | - Julia Beretov
- Department of Anatomical PathologyNSW Health PathologySt George HospitalKogarahNSW2217Australia
- St George & Sutherland Clinical SchoolUNSW SydneyNSW2217Australia
| | | | - Joanne L. Tipper
- School of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Technology SydneyNSW2007Australia
- School of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of LeedsLS2 9JTUK
- Department of Engineering Sciences and MathematicsLuleå University of TechnologyLuleå97187Sweden
| | - Christopher J. Ormandy
- The Kinghorn Cancer CentreGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSW2010Australia
- St. Vincent's Clinical SchoolFaculty of MedicineUniversity of New South Wales SydneyNSW2010Australia
| | - Michael S. Samuel
- Centre for Cancer BiologySA Pathology and University of South AustraliaAdelaideSA5000Australia
- Adelaide Medical SchoolFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of AdelaideAdelaide5000Australia
| | - Thomas R. Cox
- The Kinghorn Cancer CentreGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSW2010Australia
- St. Vincent's Clinical SchoolFaculty of MedicineUniversity of New South Wales SydneyNSW2010Australia
| | - Luciano Martelotto
- Single Cell CoreSystems BiologyHarvard Medical SchoolHarvard UniversityMassachusetts02115USA
| | - Dayong Jin
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD)Faculty of ScienceThe University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW2007Australia
| | - Fatima Valdes‐Mora
- Cancer Epigenetic Biology and Therapeutics LaboratoryChildren's Cancer InstituteRandwickNSW2052Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of New South Wales SydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Hanlee P. Ji
- Division of OncologyDepartment of MedicineStanford UniversityCalifornia94305USA
| | - David Gallego‐Ortega
- The Kinghorn Cancer CentreGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSW2010Australia
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD)Faculty of ScienceThe University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW2007Australia
- School of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Technology SydneyNSW2007Australia
- St. Vincent's Clinical SchoolFaculty of MedicineUniversity of New South Wales SydneyNSW2010Australia
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Shi M, Chai Y, Zhang J, Chen X. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Associated Neuronal Death and Innate Immune Response in Neurological Diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 12:794580. [PMID: 35082783 PMCID: PMC8784382 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.794580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal death and inflammatory response are two common pathological hallmarks of acute central nervous system injury and chronic degenerative disorders, both of which are closely related to cognitive and motor dysfunction associated with various neurological diseases. Neurological diseases are highly heterogeneous; however, they share a common pathogenesis, that is, the aberrant accumulation of misfolded/unfolded proteins within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Fortunately, the cell has intrinsic quality control mechanisms to maintain the proteostasis network, such as chaperone-mediated folding and ER-associated degradation. However, when these control mechanisms fail, misfolded/unfolded proteins accumulate in the ER lumen and contribute to ER stress. ER stress has been implicated in nearly all neurological diseases. ER stress initiates the unfolded protein response to restore proteostasis, and if the damage is irreversible, it elicits intracellular cascades of death and inflammation. With the growing appreciation of a functional association between ER stress and neurological diseases and with the improved understanding of the multiple underlying molecular mechanisms, pharmacological and genetic targeting of ER stress are beginning to emerge as therapeutic approaches for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Chai
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin, China
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Santoni G, Amantini C, Nabissi M, Arcella A, Maggi F, Santoni M, Morelli MB. Functional In Vitro Assessment of VEGFA/NOTCH2 Signaling Pathway and pRB Proteasomal Degradation and the Clinical Relevance of Mucolipin TRPML2 Overexpression in Glioblastoma Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020688. [PMID: 35054871 PMCID: PMC8775570 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant glioma with an extremely poor prognosis. It is characterized by high vascularization and its growth depends on the formation of new blood vessels. We have previously demonstrated that TRPML2 mucolipin channel expression increases with the glioma pathological grade. Herein by ddPCR and Western blot we found that the silencing of TRPML2 inhibits expression of the VEGFA/Notch2 angiogenic pathway. Moreover, the VEGFA/Notch2 expression increased in T98 and U251 cells stimulated with the TRPML2 agonist, ML2-SA1, or by enforced-TRPML2 levels. In addition, changes in TRPML2 expression or ML2-SA1-induced stimulation, affected Notch2 activation and VEGFA release. An increased invasion capability, associated with a reduced VEGF/VEGFR2 expression and increased vimentin and CD44 epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers in siTRPML2, but not in enforced-TRPML2 or ML2-SA1-stimulated glioma cells, was demonstrated. Furthermore, an increased sensitivity to Doxorubicin cytotoxicity was demonstrated in siTRPML2, whereas ML2-SA1-treated GBM cells were more resistant. The role of proteasome in Cathepsin B-dependent and -independent pRB degradation in siTRPML2 compared with siGLO cells was studied. Finally, through Kaplan-Meier analysis, we found that high TRPML2 mRNA expression strongly correlates with short survival in GBM patients, supporting TRPML2 as a negative prognostic factor in GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Santoni
- School of Pharmacy, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy;
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (M.B.M.); Tel.: +39-0737403319 (G.S.); +39-0737403312 (M.B.M.)
| | - Consuelo Amantini
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.)
| | - Massimo Nabissi
- School of Pharmacy, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy;
| | - Antonietta Arcella
- Neuropathology Laboratory, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy;
| | - Federica Maggi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Santoni
- Oncology Unit, Macerata Hospital, 62100 Macerata, Italy;
| | - Maria Beatrice Morelli
- School of Pharmacy, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy;
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (M.B.M.); Tel.: +39-0737403319 (G.S.); +39-0737403312 (M.B.M.)
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