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Hu L, Liu Y, Yuan Z, Guo H, Duan R, Ke P, Meng Y, Tian X, Xiao F. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase alleviates epileptic seizures by repressing reactive oxygen species production to promote signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-mediated N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptors inhibition. Redox Biol 2024; 74:103236. [PMID: 38875958 PMCID: PMC11225908 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of epilepsy remains unclear; however, a prevailing hypothesis suggests that the primary underlying cause is an imbalance between neuronal excitability and inhibition. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is a key enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway, which is primarily involved in deoxynucleic acid synthesis and antioxidant defense mechanisms and exhibits increased expression during the chronic phase of epilepsy, predominantly colocalizing with neurons. G6PD overexpression significantly reduces the frequency and duration of spontaneous recurrent seizures. Furthermore, G6PD overexpression enhances signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) expression, thus influencing N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptors expression, and subsequently affecting seizure activity. Importantly, the regulation of STAT1 by G6PD appears to be mediated primarily through reactive oxygen species signaling pathways. Collectively, our findings highlight the pivotal role of G6PD in modulating epileptogenesis, and suggest its potential as a therapeutic target for epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Hu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ziwei Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Haokun Guo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ran Duan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Pingyang Ke
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yuan Meng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China; Key Laboratory of Major Brain Disease and Aging Research (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Fei Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China; Key Laboratory of Major Brain Disease and Aging Research (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Hernández-Ochoa B, Ortega-Cuellar D, González-Valdez A, Cárdenas-Rodríguez N, Mendoza-Torreblanca JG, Contreras-García IJ, Pichardo-Macías LA, Bandala C, Gómez-Manzo S. COVID-19 in G6PD-deficient patients, oxidative stress, and neuropathology. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:1307-1325. [PMID: 35578850 DOI: 10.2174/1568026622666220516111122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is an enzyme that regulates energy metabolism mainly through the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). It is well known that this enzyme participates in the antioxidant/oxidant balance via the synthesis of energy-rich molecules: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate reduced (NADPH), the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FADH) and glutathione (GSH), controlling reactive oxygen species generation. Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is considered a public health problem which has caused approximately 4.5 million deaths since December 2019. In relation to the role of G6PD in COVID-19 development, it is known from the existing literature that G6PD-deficient patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 are more susceptible to thrombosis and hemolysis, suggesting that G6PD deficiency facilitates infection by SARS-CoV-2. In relation to G6PD and neuropathology, it has been observed that deficiency of this enzyme is also present with an increase in oxidative markers. In relation to the role of G6PD and the neurological manifestations of COVID-19, it has been reported that the enzymatic deficiency in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 exacerbates the disease, and, in some clinical reports, an increase in hemolysis and thrombosis was observed when patients were treated with hydroxychloroquine (OH-CQ), a drug with oxidative properties. In the present work, we summarize the evidence of the role of G6PD in COVID-19 and its possible role in the generation of oxidative stress and glucose metabolism deficits and inflammation present in this respiratory disease and its progression including neurological manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Hernández-Ochoa
- Laboratorio de Inmunoquímica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, 06720, Mexico
| | - Daniel Ortega-Cuellar
- Laboratorio de Nutrición Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City 04530, Mexico
| | - Abigail González-Valdez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
| | - Noemí Cárdenas-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, 04530, Mexico
| | | | | | - Luz Adriana Pichardo-Macías
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Mexico City, 07738, Mexico
| | - Cindy Bandala
- Division de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, 14389, Mexico.,Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, 11340, Mexico
| | - Saúl Gómez-Manzo
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Genética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, 04530, Mexico
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Aleissa M, Aloraini T, Alsubaie LF, Hassoun M, Abdulrahman G, Swaid A, Eyaid WA, Mutairi FA, Ababneh F, Alfadhel M, Alfares A. Common disease-associated gene variants in a Saudi Arabian population. Ann Saudi Med 2022; 42:29-35. [PMID: 35112591 PMCID: PMC8812157 DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.2022.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Screening programs for the most prevalent conditions occurring in a country is an evidence-based prevention strategy. The burden of autosomal recessive disease variations in Saudi Arabia is high because of the highly consanguineous population. The optimal solution for estimating the carrier frequency of the most prevalent diseases is carrier screening. OBJECTIVES Identify the most influential recessive alleles associated with disease in the Saudi population. DESIGN We used clinical whole-exome sequencing data from an in-house familial database to evaluate the most prevalent genetic variations associated with disease in a Saudi population. SETTINGS King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) and King Abdulaziz Medical City. METHODS Whole exome sequencing data obtained from clinical studies of family members, a cohort of 1314 affected and unaffected individuals, were filtered using the in-house pipeline to extract the most prevalent variant in the dataset. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Most prevalent genetic variations associated with disease in the Saudi population. SAMPLE SIZE 1314 affected and unaffected individuals. RESULTS We identified 37 autosomal recessive variants and two heterozygous X-linked variants in 35 genes associated with the most prevalent disorders, which included hematologic (32%), endocrine (21%), metabolic (11%) and immunological (10%) diseases. CONCLUSION This study provides an update of the most frequently occurring alleles, which support future carrier screening programs. LIMITATIONS Single center that might represent the different regions but may be biased. In addition, most of the families included in the database are part of the proband's genetic identification for specific phenotypes. CONFLICT OF INTEREST None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Aleissa
- From the Division of Translational Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City.,From the Department of Molecular Genetics, Public Health Laboratory, Public Health Authority, Riyadh.,From the College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taghrid Aloraini
- From the Division of Translational Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City.,From the King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences
| | - Lamia Fahad Alsubaie
- From the Department of Genetics, King Abdullah Specialized Children Hospital, King Abdulaziz Medical City, MNGHA.,From the King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences
| | - Madawi Hassoun
- From the Division of Translational Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City.,From the King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences
| | - Ghada Abdulrahman
- From the Division of Translational Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City.,From the King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences
| | - Abdulrahman Swaid
- From the Department of Genetics, King Abdullah Specialized Children Hospital, King Abdulaziz Medical City, MNGHA.,From the King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences
| | - Wafa Al Eyaid
- From the Department of Genetics, King Abdullah Specialized Children Hospital, King Abdulaziz Medical City, MNGHA.,From the King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences
| | - Fuad Al Mutairi
- From the Department of Genetics, King Abdullah Specialized Children Hospital, King Abdulaziz Medical City, MNGHA.,From the King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences
| | - Faroug Ababneh
- From the Department of Genetics, King Abdullah Specialized Children Hospital, King Abdulaziz Medical City, MNGHA.,From the King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences
| | - Majid Alfadhel
- From the Department of Genetics, King Abdullah Specialized Children Hospital, King Abdulaziz Medical City, MNGHA.,From the King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences
| | - Ahmed Alfares
- From the Division of Translational Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City.,From the King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences.,From the Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim
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