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Tang JY, Chuang YT, Shiau JP, Yen CY, Chang FR, Tsai YH, Farooqi AA, Chang HW. Connection between Radiation-Regulating Functions of Natural Products and miRNAs Targeting Radiomodulation and Exosome Biogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12449. [PMID: 37569824 PMCID: PMC10419287 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are cell-derived membranous structures primarily involved in the delivery of the payload to the recipient cells, and they play central roles in carcinogenesis and metastasis. Radiotherapy is a common cancer treatment that occasionally generates exosomal miRNA-associated modulation to regulate the therapeutic anticancer function and side effects. Combining radiotherapy and natural products may modulate the radioprotective and radiosensitizing responses of non-cancer and cancer cells, but there is a knowledge gap regarding the connection of this combined treatment with exosomal miRNAs and their downstream targets for radiation and exosome biogenesis. This review focuses on radioprotective natural products in terms of their impacts on exosomal miRNAs to target radiation-modulating and exosome biogenesis (secretion and assembly) genes. Several natural products have individually demonstrated radioprotective and miRNA-modulating effects. However, the impact of natural-product-modulated miRNAs on radiation response and exosome biogenesis remains unclear. In this review, by searching through PubMed/Google Scholar, available reports on potential functions that show radioprotection for non-cancer tissues and radiosensitization for cancer among these natural-product-modulated miRNAs were assessed. Next, by accessing the miRNA database (miRDB), the predicted targets of the radiation- and exosome biogenesis-modulating genes from the Gene Ontology database (MGI) were retrieved bioinformatically based on these miRNAs. Moreover, the target-centric analysis showed that several natural products share the same miRNAs and targets to regulate radiation response and exosome biogenesis. As a result, the miRNA-radiomodulation (radioprotection and radiosensitization)-exosome biogenesis axis in regard to natural-product-mediated radiotherapeutic effects is well organized. This review focuses on natural products and their regulating effects on miRNAs to assess the potential impacts of radiomodulation and exosome biogenesis for both the radiosensitization of cancer cells and the radioprotection of non-cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Yang Tang
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, PhD Program in Life Sciences, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Ping Shiau
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Yu Yen
- School of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Rong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (F.-R.C.); (Y.-H.T.)
| | - Yi-Hong Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (F.-R.C.); (Y.-H.T.)
| | - Ammad Ahmad Farooqi
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Islamabad 54000, Pakistan
| | - Hsueh-Wei Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, PhD Program in Life Sciences, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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Tao T, Zhang P, Zeng Z, Wang M. Advances in autophagy modulation of natural products in cervical cancer. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 314:116575. [PMID: 37142142 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Natural products play a critical role in drug development and is emerging as a potential source of biologically active metabolites for therapeutic intervention, especially in cancer therapy. In recent years, there is increasing evidence that many natural products may modulate autophagy through various signaling pathways in cervical cancer. Understanding the mechanisms of these natural products helps to develop medications for cervical cancer treatments. AIM OF THE STUDY In recent years, there is increasing evidence that many natural products may modulate autophagy through various signaling pathways in cervical cancer. In this review, we briefly introduce autophagy and systematically describe several classes of natural products implicated in autophagy modulation in cervical cancer, hoping to provide valuable information for the development of cervical cancer treatments based on autophagy. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched for studies on natural products and autophagy in cervical cancer on the online database and summarized the relationship between natural products and autophagy modulation in cervical cancer. RESULTS Autophagy is a lysosome-mediated catabolic process in eukaryotic cells that plays an important role in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, including cervical cancer. Abnormal expression of cellular autophagy and autophagy-related proteins has been implicated in cervical carcinogenesis, and human papillomavirus infection can affect autophagic activity. Flavonoids, alkaloids, polyphenols, terpenoids, quinones, and other compounds are important sources of natural products that act as anticancer agents. In cervical cancer, natural products exert the anticancer function mainly through the induction of protective autophagy. CONCLUSIONS The regulation of cervical cancer autophagy by natural products has significant advantages in inducing apoptosis, inhibiting proliferation, and reducing drug resistance in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Tao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhi Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
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Bernitsa S, Dayan R, Stephanou A, Tzvetanova ID, Patrikios IS. Natural biomolecules and derivatives as anticancer immunomodulatory agents. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1070367. [PMID: 36700235 PMCID: PMC9868674 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1070367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advancements in chemotherapy, the issue of resistance and non-responsiveness to many chemotherapeutic drugs that are currently in clinical use still remains. Recently, cancer immunotherapy has gathered attention as a novel treatment against select cancers. Immunomodulation is also emerging as an effective strategy to improve efficacy. Natural phytochemicals, with known anticancer properties, been reported to mediate their effects by modulating both traditional cancer pathways and immunity. The mechanism of phytochemical mediated-immunomodulatory activity may be attributed to the remodeling of the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment and the sensitization of the immune system. This allows for improved recognition and targeting of cancer cells by the immune system and synergy with chemotherapeutics. In this review, we will discuss several well-known plant-derived biomolecules and examine their potential as immunomodulators, and therefore, as novel immunotherapies for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rotem Dayan
- School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Zuo S, Wang Z, Zhao L, Wang J. Gold nanoplatform for near-infrared light-activated radio-photothermal gas therapy in breast cancer. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 10:1098986. [PMID: 36686245 PMCID: PMC9853036 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1098986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Although radiotherapy is one of the most common treatments for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), it frequently has unsatisfactory therapeutic outcomes due to the radiation resistance of tumor tissues. Therefore, a synergistic strategy is urgently needed to increase therapeutic responses and prolong patient survival. Herein, we constructed gold nanocages (GNCs) loaded with a hyperpyrexia-sensitive nitric oxide (NO) donor (thiolate cupferron) to integrate extrinsic radiosensitization, local photothermal therapy, and near-infrared-activated NO gas therapy. The resulting nanoplatform (GNCs@NO) showed a high photothermal conversion efficiency, which induced the death of cancer cells and facilitated rapid NO release in tumor tissues. The radiosensitizing efficacy of GNCs@NO was further demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, the released NO reacted with the reactive oxide species induced by radiotherapy to produce more toxic reactive nitrogen species, exerting a synergistic effect to improve anticancer efficacy. Thus, GNCs@NO demonstrated excellent effects as a combination therapy with few adverse effects. Our work proposes a promising nanoplatform for the radio/photothermal/gas treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Zuo
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Liping Zhao
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China,*Correspondence: Jing Wang,
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Izadparast F, Riahi-Zajani B, Yarmohammadi F, Hayes AW, Karimi G. Protective effect of berberine against LPS-induced injury in the intestine: a review. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:2365-2378. [PMID: 35852392 PMCID: PMC9645259 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2100682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory condition caused by an unbalanced immunological response to infection, which affects numerous organs, including the intestines. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS; also known as endotoxin), a substance found in Gram-negative bacteria, plays a major role in sepsis and is mostly responsible for the disease's morbidity and mortality. Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid found in a variety of plant species that has anti-inflammatory properties. For many years, berberine has been used to treat intestinal inflammation and infection. Berberine has been reported to reduce LPS-induced intestinal damage. The potential pathways through which berberine protects against LPS-induced intestinal damage by inhibiting NF-κB, suppressing MAPK, modulating ApoM/S1P pathway, inhibiting COX-2, modulating Wnt/Beta-Catenin signaling pathway, and/or increasing ZIP14 expression are reviewed.Abbreviations: LPS, lipopolysaccharide; TLR, Toll-like receptor; MD-2, myeloid differentiation factor 2; CD14, cluster of differentiation 14; LBP, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein; MYD88, myeloid differentiation primary response 88; NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa light-chain enhancer of activated B cells; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; IL, interleukin; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor-alpha; Caco-2, cyanocobalamin uptake by human colon adenocarcinoma cell line; MLCK, myosin light-chain kinase; TJ, tight junction; IκBα, nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, alpha; IBS, irritable bowel syndrome; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK; GVB, gut-vascular barrier; ApoM, apolipoprotein M; S1P, sphingosine-1-phosphate; VE-cadherin, vascular endothelial cadherin; AJ, adherens junction; PV1, plasmalemma vesicle-associated protein-1; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; Wnt, wingless-related integration site; Fzd, 7-span transmembrane protein Frizzled; LRP, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein; TEER, transendothelial/transepithelial electrical resistance; COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; IGF, insulin-like growth factor; IGFBP, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein; ZIP, Zrt-Irt-like protein; PPAR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors; p-PPAR, phosphorylated-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors; ATF, activating transcription factors; SOD, superoxide dismutase; GSH-Px, glutathione peroxidase; SARA, subacute ruminal acidosis; IPEC-J2, porcine intestinal epithelial cells; ALI, acute lung injury; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Izadparast
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bamdad Riahi-Zajani
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Yarmohammadi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - A. Wallace Hayes
- Center for Environmental Occupational Risk Analysis and Management, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Lan Y, Wang H, Wu J, Meng X. Cytokine storm-calming property of the isoquinoline alkaloids in Coptis chinensis Franch. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:973587. [PMID: 36147356 PMCID: PMC9485943 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.973587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread worldwide and its effects have been more devastating than any other infectious disease. Importantly, patients with severe COVID-19 show conspicuous increases in cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-1, IL-18, and IL-17, with characteristics of the cytokine storm (CS). Although recently studied cytokine inhibitors are considered as potent and targeted approaches, once an immunological complication like CS happens, anti-viral or anti-inflammation based monotherapy alone is not enough. Interestingly, certain isoquinoline alkaloids in Coptis chinensis Franch. (CCFIAs) exerted a multitude of biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, and immunomodulatory etc, revealing a great potential for calming CS. Therefore, in this timeline review, we report and compare the effects of CCFIAs to attenuate the exacerbation of inflammatory responses by modulating signaling pathways like NF-ĸB, mitogen-activated protein kinase, JAK/STAT, and NLRP3. In addition, we also discuss the role of berberine (BBR) in two different triggers of CS, namely sepsis and viral infections, as well as its clinical applications. These evidence provide a rationale for considering CCFIAs as therapeutic agents against inflammatory CS and this suggestion requires further validation with clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejia Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiasi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Jiasi Wu, ; Xianli Meng,
| | - Xianli Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Jiasi Wu, ; Xianli Meng,
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7
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He L, Zhong Z, Chen M, Liang Q, Wang Y, Tan W. Current Advances in Coptidis Rhizoma for Gastrointestinal and Other Cancers. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:775084. [PMID: 35046810 PMCID: PMC8762280 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.775084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a serious disease with an increasing number of reported cases and high mortality worldwide. Gastrointestinal cancer defines a group of cancers in the digestive system, e.g., liver cancer, colorectal cancer, and gastric cancer. Coptidis Rhizoma (C. Rhizoma; Huanglian, in Chinese) is a classical Chinese medicinal botanical drug for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders and has been shown to have a wide variety of pharmacological activity, including antifungal, antivirus, anticancer, antidiabetic, hypoglycemic, and cardioprotective effects. Recent studies on C. Rhizoma present significant progress on its anticancer effects and the corresponding mechanisms as well as its clinical applications. Herein, keywords related to C. Rhizoma, cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, and omics were searched in PubMed and the Web of Science databases, and more than three hundred recent publications were reviewed and discussed. C. Rhizoma extract along with its main components, berberine, palmatine, coptisine, magnoflorine, jatrorrhizine, epiberberine, oxyepiberberine, oxyberberine, dihydroberberine, columbamine, limonin, and derivatives, are reviewed. We describe novel and classic anticancer mechanisms from various perspectives of pharmacology, pharmaceutical chemistry, and pharmaceutics. Researchers have transformed the chemical structures and drug delivery systems of these components to obtain better efficacy and bioavailability of C. Rhizoma. Furthermore, C. Rhizoma in combination with other drugs and their clinical application are also summarized. Taken together, C. Rhizoma has broad prospects as a potential adjuvant candidate against cancers, making it reasonable to conduct additional preclinical studies and clinical trials in gastrointestinal cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luying He
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhangfeng Zhong
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Zhangfeng Zhong, ; Yitao Wang, ; Wen Tan,
| | - Man Chen
- Oncology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qilian Liang
- Oncology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Zhangfeng Zhong, ; Yitao Wang, ; Wen Tan,
| | - Wen Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhangfeng Zhong, ; Yitao Wang, ; Wen Tan,
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Lahiri D, Nag M, Garai S, Ray RR. The Chemistry of Antibiofilm Phytocompounds. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 21:1034-1047. [PMID: 32767942 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200807135243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Phytocompounds are long known for their therapeutic uses due to their competence as antimicrobial agents. The antimicrobial activity of these bioactive compounds manifests their ability as an antibiofilm agent and is thereby proved to be competent to treat the widespread biofilm-associated chronic infections. The rapid development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria has made the treatment of these infections almost impossible by conventional antibiotic therapy, which forced a switch-over to the use of phytocompounds. The present overview deals with the classification of a huge array of phytocompounds according to their chemical nature, detection of their target pathogen, and elucidation of their mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dibyajit Lahiri
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Engineering & Management, Kolkata, India
| | - Moupriya Nag
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Engineering & Management, Kolkata, India
| | - Sayantani Garai
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Engineering & Management, Kolkata, India
| | - Rina Rani Ray
- Department of Biotechnology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal, India
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Prebble AR, Weishaar KM, Thamm DH, Leary D, LaRue SM, Martin T, Boss MK. Increased incidence of gastrointestinal toxicity in canine cancer patients treated with concurrent abdominal radiation therapy and toceranib phosphate. Vet Comp Oncol 2021; 20:142-153. [PMID: 34310002 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are used to treat human and canine cancers and may be combined with radiation therapy (RT) to enhance tumor control due their anticancer and antiangiogenic effects; however, recent case reports have emerged describing incidences of gastrointestinal toxicity when antiangiogenic therapies are combined with hypofractionated radiotherapy in human cancer patients. We evaluated the incidence of gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity in dogs receiving concurrent hypofractionated abdominal RT and the TKI toceranib (TOC) compared to those receiving abdominal RT alone, TOC alone, or concurrent non-abdominal RT and TOC. Medical records of canine cancer patients were retrospectively reviewed and identified dogs were included in the following treatment categories: dogs which received RT to a portion of the abdomen and concurrent TOC (n = 19), abdominal RT alone (n-29), TOC alone (n = 20), or non-abdominal RT plus TOC (n = 9). Toxicities were graded using the Veterinary Cooperative Oncology Group - Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events criteria and compared to published data on TOC-associated GI toxicity. Patients receiving TOC while undergoing abdominal RT had significantly increased rates of any grade of diarrhea (p = 0.002), hyporexia (p = 0.0045), and vomiting (p = 0.003), as well as severe hyporexia (p = 0.003) when compared across the treatment groups. This retrospective study reveals significantly increased incidences of GI toxicity when abdominal RT is combined with TOC in canine patients. These findings are in-line with the clinical concerns reported for increased normal tissue toxicity in human patients when antiangiogenics are combined with RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber R Prebble
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Kristen M Weishaar
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Douglas H Thamm
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Del Leary
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Susan M LaRue
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Tiffany Martin
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Mary-Keara Boss
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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The use of complementary and integrative therapies as adjunct interventions during radiotherapy: a systematic review. Support Care Cancer 2021; 29:6201-6209. [PMID: 33822240 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-021-06173-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Literature supporting the efficacy of complementary and integrative medicine (CIM) alongside radiotherapy is fragmented with varying outcomes and levels of evidence. This review summarizes the available evidence on CIM used with radiotherapy in order to inform clinicians. METHODS A systematic literature review identified studies on the use of CIM during radiotherapy. Inclusion required the following criteria: the study was interventional, CIM therapy was for human patients with cancer, and CIM therapy was administered concurrently with radiotherapy. Data points of interest were collected from included studies. A subset was identified as high-quality using the Jadad scale. Fisher's exact test was used to assess the association between study results, outcome measured, and type of CIM. RESULTS Overall, 163 articles met inclusion. Of these, 68 (41.7%) were considered high-quality trials. Articles published per year increased over time (p < 0.01). Frequently identified therapies were biologically based therapies (47.9%), mind-body therapies (23.3%), and alternative medical systems (13.5%). Within the subset of high-quality trials, 60.0% of studies reported a favorable change with CIM while 40.0% reported no change. No studies reported an unfavorable change. Commonly assessed outcome types were patient-reported (41.1%) and provider-reported (21.5%). Rate of favorable change did not differ based on type of CIM (p = 0.90) or outcome measured (p = 0.24). CONCLUSIONS Concurrent CIM may reduce radiotherapy-induced toxicities and improve quality of life, suggesting that physicians should discuss CIM with patients receiving radiotherapy. This review provides a broad overview of investigations on CIM use during radiotherapy and can inform how radiation oncologists advise their patients about CIM.
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CYP1B1 as a therapeutic target in cardio-oncology. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 134:2897-2927. [PMID: 33185690 PMCID: PMC7672255 DOI: 10.1042/cs20200310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular complications have been frequently reported in cancer patients and survivors, mainly because of various cardiotoxic cancer treatments. Despite the known cardiovascular toxic effects of these treatments, they are still clinically used because of their effectiveness as anti-cancer agents. In this review, we discuss the growing body of evidence suggesting that inhibition of the cytochrome P450 1B1 enzyme (CYP1B1) can be a promising therapeutic strategy that has the potential to prevent cancer treatment-induced cardiovascular complications without reducing their anti-cancer effects. CYP1B1 is an extrahepatic enzyme that is expressed in cardiovascular tissues and overexpressed in different types of cancers. A growing body of evidence is demonstrating a detrimental role of CYP1B1 in both cardiovascular diseases and cancer, via perturbed metabolism of endogenous compounds, production of carcinogenic metabolites, DNA adduct formation, and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Several chemotherapeutic agents have been shown to induce CYP1B1 in cardiovascular and cancer cells, possibly via activating the Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR), ROS generation, and inflammatory cytokines. Induction of CYP1B1 is detrimental in many ways. First, it can induce or exacerbate cancer treatment-induced cardiovascular complications. Second, it may lead to significant chemo/radio-resistance, undermining both the safety and effectiveness of cancer treatments. Therefore, numerous preclinical studies demonstrate that inhibition of CYP1B1 protects against chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity and prevents chemo- and radio-resistance. Most of these studies have utilized phytochemicals to inhibit CYP1B1. Since phytochemicals have multiple targets, future studies are needed to discern the specific contribution of CYP1B1 to the cardioprotective and chemo/radio-sensitizing effects of these phytochemicals.
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Yang Y, Vong CT, Zeng S, Gao C, Chen Z, Fu C, Wang S, Zou L, Wang A, Wang Y. Tracking evidences of Coptis chinensis for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease from pharmacological, pharmacokinetic to clinical studies. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 268:113573. [PMID: 33181286 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Coptis chinensis (C. chinensis, Huanglian in Chinese), a famous traditional herbal medicine used for clearing heat and detoxification since thousands of years ago, is widely and traditionally used for clinical treatment of stomach inflammation, duodenum and digestive tract ulcers alone or through combing with other herbs in compound formulations. AIM OF THE REVIEW Through literature reviews of C. chinensis and berberine (one of the most important bioactive compounds derived from this plant) for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), this review aims to provide beneficial information for further exploration of the potent bioactive constituents from C. chinensis, deep investigation on the molecular mechanisms for the treatment of IBD, as well as further research and development of brand new products from C. chinensis for clinical therapy of IBD. METHODS "C. chinensis" and "IBD" were selected as the main keywords, and various online search engines, such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure database (CNKI) and other publication resources, were used for searching literatures. RESULTS To present, C. chinensis together with other herbs are involved in plenty of Chinese herbal prescriptions for the treatment of IBD, but little research focused on the single therapeutic effects of C. chinensis or extracts from this herb for the treatment of this disease. Berberine, one of important and representative bioactive compound isolated from C. chinensis, was reported to treat IBD effectively at a big arising speed in recent years. However, systematically and comprehensively reviews on the research of C. chinensis and berberine for the treatment of IBD from the aspects of chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetics as well as clinical studies are seldom accomplished by researchers. Bioactive components from C. chinensis exert therapeutic effects for the treatment of IBD mainly through the inhibition of oxidative stress, antinociception, protection of intestinal mucosal epithelial barrier, regulation of T helper cells, as well as antibacterial activity. Although numerous studies on bioactive compounds from C. chinense have been performed by clinical investigators in recent years, most of them should be performed in a more strict and standard way to ensure the safety and efficacy of these compounds. CONCLUSIONS Berberine is considered as the representative and effective component from C. chinensis, but many other chemical components isolated from C. chinensis also have therapeutic effects for the treatment of IBD, which need deep research and further exploration. To accelerate research and development of C. chinensis and its bioactive components for the treatment of IBD, clinical trials are needed to clarify the effectiveness and safety of these chemical components from C. chinensis, as well as their molecular mechanisms for IBD treatment in vitro and in vivo. It is believed that continuous research and exploration on C. chinensis together with its bioactive compounds will bring great hope to the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Chi Teng Vong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
| | - Shan Zeng
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610052, China.
| | - Caifang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
| | - Zhejie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
| | - Chaomei Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China.
| | - Anqi Wang
- School of Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China.
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
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13
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Devarajan N, Jayaraman S, Mahendra J, Venkatratnam P, Rajagopal P, Palaniappan H, Ganesan SK. Berberine-A potent chemosensitizer and chemoprotector to conventional cancer therapies. Phytother Res 2021; 35:3059-3077. [PMID: 33559280 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are mainstay treatments for cancer patients. However, their clinical outcomes are highly limited by the resistance of malignant tumors to these therapies and the incurrence of serious damages in vital organs. This in turn necessitates the development of adjunct drugs that overcomes chemo/radioresistance in refractory cancers and protects vital organs from the cytotoxic effects of cancer therapies. In recent years, Berberine (BBR), a natural isoquinoline alkaloid has garnered more attention due to its potent chemosensitizing and chemoprotective properties. BBR effectively sensitizes refractory cancers to chemotherapy and radiotherapy by ameliorating the diverse events underlying therapy resistance. Furthermore, it protects the heart, liver, lungs, and kidneys from severe damages caused by these therapies. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying the chemo/radiosensitizing and chemo/radioprotective potential of BBR during cancer treatment. Also, we highlight the limitations that hamper the clinical application of BBR as an adjunct drug and how novel innovations have been made in recent years to circumvent these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalini Devarajan
- Central Research Laboratory, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Selvaraj Jayaraman
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Jaideep Mahendra
- Department of Periodontology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, and Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - Purushothaman Venkatratnam
- Central Research laboratory, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Ponnulakshmi Rajagopal
- Central Research Laboratory, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Hema Palaniappan
- Department of Pharmacology, Coimbatore Medical College, Coimbatore, India
| | - Senthil Kumar Ganesan
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Structural Biology & Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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14
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Mujtaba MA, Akhter MH, Alam MS, Ali MD, Hussain A. An updated review on therapeutic potential and recent advances in drug delivery of Berberine: Current status and future prospect. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 23:60-71. [PMID: 33557735 DOI: 10.2174/1389201022666210208152113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Natural products are well known for their high potency with minimum side effects. Plant extracts are the most commonly used natural products because of their ease of availability and relatively low production cost. Berberine (BBR), a phytochemical component of some Chinese medicinal herbs (most commonlyBerberis vulgaris), is an isoquinoline alkaloid with several biological and pharmacological effects including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumour, antimicrobial, antidepressant,hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic, and hypoglycemic actions. Interestingly, multiple studies have shown that BBR is a potential drug candidate with a multi-spectrum therapeutic application. However, the oral delivery of BBR is challenged owing to its poor bioavailability. Therefore, its oral bioavailability needs to be enhanced before it can be used in many clinical applications. This review provides an overview of the various studies that support the broad range of pharmacological activities of BBR. Also, it includes a section to address the issues and challenges related with the drug and methods to improve the properties of BBR such as solubility, stability and bioavailability that may be explored to help patients reap the maximum benefit from this potentially useful drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ali Mujtaba
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University. Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Mohammad Daud Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam. Saudi Arabia
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451. Saudi Arabia
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15
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Mortazavi H, Nikfar B, Esmaeili SA, Rafieenia F, Saburi E, Chaichian S, Heidari Gorji MA, Momtazi-Borojeni AA. Potential cytotoxic and anti-metastatic effects of berberine on gynaecological cancers with drug-associated resistance. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 187:111951. [PMID: 31821990 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Gynaecological disorders, such as cervical, ovarian, and endometrial cancers are the second most prevalent cancer types in women worldwide. Therapeutic approaches for gynaecological cancers involve chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery. However, lifespan is not improved, and novel medications are required. Among various phytochemicals, berberine, a well-known natural product, has been shown to be a promising cancer chemopreventive agent. Pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy of berberine have been investigated in the several experiments against numerous diseases. Here, we aimed to provide a literature review from available published investigations showing the anticancer effects of berberine and its various synthetic analogues against gynaecological disorders, including cervical, ovarian, and endometrial cancers. In conclusion, berberine has been found to efficiently inhibit viability, proliferation, and migration of cancer cells, mainly, via induction of apoptosis by both mitochondrial dependent and -independent pathways. Additionally, structural modification of berberine showed that berberine analogues can improve its antitumor effects against gynaecological cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Mortazavi
- Geriatric Care Research Center, Department of Geriatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Banafsheh Nikfar
- Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Medical Manners Research Center, Pars Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed-Alireza Esmaeili
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rafieenia
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Saburi
- Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shahla Chaichian
- Endometriosis Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Heidari Gorji
- Diabetes Research Center, Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Nasibeh Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Amir Abbas Momtazi-Borojeni
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran; Nanotechnology Research Center, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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16
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Xu L, Zhang Y, Xue X, Liu J, Li ZS, Yang GY, Song Y, Pan Y, Ma Y, Hu S, Wen A, Jia Y, Rodriguez LM, Tull MB, Benante K, Khan SA, Cao Y, Jovanovic B, Richmond E, Umar A, Bergan R, Wu K. A Phase I Trial of Berberine in Chinese with Ulcerative Colitis. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2019; 13:117-126. [PMID: 31619442 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-19-0258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Chinese natural product, berberine, has biological properties that support its potential efficacy as a colon cancer prevention agent. Its longstanding use in China to treat gastrointestinal tract and rheumatologic disorders is generally regarded as safe, supporting initial investigations in an at-risk population, such as individuals with ulcerative colitis. However, the safety of berberine in this population is not established. Individuals living in China with biopsy-proven ulcerative colitis, ≤grade 2 dysplasia, and with a ulcerative colitis disease activity index (UCDAI) score ≤1 on mesalamine, were randomized 3:1 in a double-blind phase I trial to berberine 900 mg/day or placebo for 3 months, with the primary objective of assessing safety. Blood samples and biopsies of the colorectum, from prespecified locations, were collected prior to and following therapy. Secondary endpoints included changes in UCDAI score, and in tissue and plasma markers of inflammation. Of toxicities at least possibly related, one episode of grade 3 elevation in transaminases and one episode of grade 1 nausea were observed among 12 individuals on berberine, and none were observed among 4 on placebo. The mean plasma berberine concentration was 3.5 nmol/L after berberine treatment, significantly higher than 0.5 nmol/L with placebo. Berberine significantly decreased the Geboes grade in colonic tissue, but had a nonsignificant effect on other tissue or blood biomarkers related to cell growth and inflammation. The combination of berberine and mesalamine is well tolerated in Chinese with ulcerative colitis and may enhance mesalamine's anti-inflammatory effects in colonic tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xianmin Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zeng-Shan Li
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guang-Yu Yang
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ying Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yueyun Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sijun Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Aidong Wen
- Department of Pharmacology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanyan Jia
- Department of Pharmacology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Luz Maria Rodriguez
- Division of Cancer Prevention, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland.,Walter Reed Military Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mary Beth Tull
- Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kelly Benante
- Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Seema A Khan
- Department of Surgery and Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ying Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Borko Jovanovic
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Asad Umar
- Division of Cancer Prevention, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Raymond Bergan
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.
| | - Kaichun Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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17
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Fan D, Liu L, Wu Z, Cao M. Combating Neurodegenerative Diseases with the Plant Alkaloid Berberine: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential. Curr Neuropharmacol 2019; 17:563-579. [PMID: 29676231 PMCID: PMC6712296 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x16666180419141613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract: Neurodegenerative diseases are among the most serious health problems affecting millions of people worldwide. Such diseases are characterized by a progressive degeneration and / or death of neurons in the central nervous system. Currently, there are no therapeutic approaches to cure or even halt the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. During the last two decades, much attention has been paid to the neuroprotective and anti-neurodegenerative activities of compounds isolated from natural products with high efficacy and low toxicity. Accumulating evidence indicates that berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from traditional Chinese medicinal herbs, may act as a promising anti-neurodegenerative agent by inhibiting the activity of the most important pathogenic enzymes, ameliorating intracellular oxidative stress, attenuating neuroinflammation, triggering autophagy and protecting neurons against apoptotic cell death. This review attempts to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the therapeutic potential of berberine against neurodegenerative diseases, with a focus on the molecular mechanisms that underlie its effects on Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahua Fan
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Chinese and Wsetern Integrative Medicine, Shcool of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Liping Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhengzhi Wu
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Meiqun Cao
- Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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18
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Li XD, Wang Z, Wang XR, Shao D, Zhang X, Li L, Ge MF, Chang ZM, Dong WF. Berberine-loaded Janus gold mesoporous silica nanocarriers for chemo/radio/photothermal therapy of liver cancer and radiation-induced injury inhibition. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:3967-3982. [PMID: 31239666 PMCID: PMC6554520 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s206044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The combination of chemotherapy with radiotherapy serves as a common therapeutic strategy in clinics. However, it is unsatisfactory due to its poor therapeutic efficiency and severe side-effects originating from chemotherapy-exerted systemic toxicity as well as radiation-induced injury. Purpose: Hence, Berberine (Ber), an isoquinolin alkaloid with low toxicity and protective effects against radiotherapy, was used as a novel chemotherapeutic agent for chemo-radiotherapy of liver cancer. Patients and methods: We preloaded Ber into folic acid targeting Janus gold mesoporous silica nanocarriers (FA-JGMSNs) for overcoming the poor bioavailability of Ber. Furthermore, FA-JGMSNs were not only employed as radiosensitizers for expanding radiotherapeutic effect, but also used as photothermal agents for supplementing chemo-radiotherapeutic effect by local photothermal therapy. Results: In vitro and in vivo experiemtal results demonstrated the highly efficient anti-tumor effect, good biosafety as well as the effective protection of normal tissue of this nanoplatform. Conclusion: Based on its superb performance, we believe our work provided a feasible strategy for triple-therapies of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou215163, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Echocardiography, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou215163, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin-Rui Wang
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Shao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou215163, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou215163, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming-Feng Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou215163, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Min Chang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou215163, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Fei Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou215163, People’s Republic of China
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19
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Imenshahidi M, Hosseinzadeh H. Berberine and barberry (Berberis vulgaris): A clinical review. Phytother Res 2019; 33:504-523. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Imenshahidi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
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20
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Pathak R, Shah SK, Hauer-Jensen M. Therapeutic potential of natural plant products and their metabolites in preventing radiation enteropathy resulting from abdominal or pelvic irradiation. Int J Radiat Biol 2019; 95:493-505. [PMID: 30526224 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2018.1552374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Radiation-induced gastrointestinal injury or radiation enteropathy is an imminent risk during radiation therapy of abdominal or pelvic tumors. Despite remarkable technological advancements in image-guided radiation delivery techniques, the risk of intestinal injury after radiotherapy for abdominal or pelvic cancers has not been completely eliminated. The irradiated intestine undergoes varying degrees of adverse structural and functional changes, which can result in transient or long-term complications. The risk of development of enteropathy depends on dose, fractionation, and quality of radiation. Moreover, the patients' medical condition, age, inter-individual sensitivity to radiation and size of the treatment area are also risk factors of radiation enteropathy. Therefore, strategies are needed to prevent radiotherapy-induced undesirable alteration in the gastrointestinal tract. Many natural plant products, by virtue of their plethora of biological activities, alleviate the adverse effects of radiation-induced injury. The current review discusses potential roles and possible mechanisms of natural plant products in suppressing radiation enteropathy. Natural plant products have the potential to suppress intestinal radiation toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupak Pathak
- a Division of Radiation Health Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy , University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences , Little Rock , AR , USA
| | - Sumit K Shah
- b College of Medicine Department of Pathology , University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences , Little Rock , AR , USA
| | - Martin Hauer-Jensen
- a Division of Radiation Health Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy , University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences , Little Rock , AR , USA
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21
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Hesketh PJ, Kris MG, Basch E, Bohlke K, Barbour SY, Clark-Snow RA, Danso MA, Dennis K, Dupuis LL, Dusetzina SB, Eng C, Feyer PC, Jordan K, Noonan K, Sparacio D, Somerfield MR, Lyman GH. Antiemetics: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline Update. J Clin Oncol 2017; 35:3240-3261. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2017.74.4789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 369] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To update the ASCO guideline for antiemetics in oncology. Methods ASCO convened an Expert Panel and conducted a systematic review of the medical literature for the period of November 2009 to June 2016. Results Forty-one publications were included in this systematic review. A phase III randomized controlled trial demonstrated that adding olanzapine to antiemetic prophylaxis reduces the likelihood of nausea among adult patients who are treated with high emetic risk antineoplastic agents. Randomized controlled trials also support an expanded role for neurokinin 1 receptor antagonists in patients who are treated with chemotherapy. Recommendation Key updates include the addition of olanzapine to antiemetic regimens for adults who receive high-emetic-risk antineoplastic agents or who experience breakthrough nausea and vomiting; a recommendation to administer dexamethasone on day 1 only for adults who receive anthracycline and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy; and the addition of a neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist for adults who receive carboplatin area under the curve ≥ 4 mg/mL per minute or high-dose chemotherapy, and for pediatric patients who receive high-emetic-risk antineoplastic agents. For radiation-induced nausea and vomiting, adjustments were made to anatomic regions, risk levels, and antiemetic administration schedules. Rescue therapy alone is now recommended for low-emetic-risk radiation therapy. The Expert Panel reiterated the importance of using the most effective antiemetic regimens that are appropriate for antineoplastic agents or radiotherapy being administered. Such regimens should be used with initial treatment, rather than first assessing the patient’s emetic response with less-effective treatment. Additional information is available at www.asco.org/supportive-care-guidelines and www.asco.org/guidelineswiki .
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J. Hesketh
- Paul J. Hesketh, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington; Kimberly Noonan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mark G. Kris, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Ethan Basch and Stacie B. Dusetzina, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill; Sally Y. Barbour, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Kari Bohlke and Mark R. Somerfield, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Michael A. Danso, Virginia Oncology Associates, Virginia Beach; Michael A
| | - Mark G. Kris
- Paul J. Hesketh, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington; Kimberly Noonan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mark G. Kris, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Ethan Basch and Stacie B. Dusetzina, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill; Sally Y. Barbour, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Kari Bohlke and Mark R. Somerfield, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Michael A. Danso, Virginia Oncology Associates, Virginia Beach; Michael A
| | - Ethan Basch
- Paul J. Hesketh, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington; Kimberly Noonan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mark G. Kris, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Ethan Basch and Stacie B. Dusetzina, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill; Sally Y. Barbour, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Kari Bohlke and Mark R. Somerfield, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Michael A. Danso, Virginia Oncology Associates, Virginia Beach; Michael A
| | - Kari Bohlke
- Paul J. Hesketh, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington; Kimberly Noonan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mark G. Kris, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Ethan Basch and Stacie B. Dusetzina, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill; Sally Y. Barbour, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Kari Bohlke and Mark R. Somerfield, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Michael A. Danso, Virginia Oncology Associates, Virginia Beach; Michael A
| | - Sally Y. Barbour
- Paul J. Hesketh, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington; Kimberly Noonan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mark G. Kris, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Ethan Basch and Stacie B. Dusetzina, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill; Sally Y. Barbour, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Kari Bohlke and Mark R. Somerfield, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Michael A. Danso, Virginia Oncology Associates, Virginia Beach; Michael A
| | - Rebecca Anne Clark-Snow
- Paul J. Hesketh, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington; Kimberly Noonan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mark G. Kris, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Ethan Basch and Stacie B. Dusetzina, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill; Sally Y. Barbour, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Kari Bohlke and Mark R. Somerfield, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Michael A. Danso, Virginia Oncology Associates, Virginia Beach; Michael A
| | - Michael A. Danso
- Paul J. Hesketh, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington; Kimberly Noonan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mark G. Kris, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Ethan Basch and Stacie B. Dusetzina, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill; Sally Y. Barbour, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Kari Bohlke and Mark R. Somerfield, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Michael A. Danso, Virginia Oncology Associates, Virginia Beach; Michael A
| | - Kristopher Dennis
- Paul J. Hesketh, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington; Kimberly Noonan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mark G. Kris, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Ethan Basch and Stacie B. Dusetzina, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill; Sally Y. Barbour, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Kari Bohlke and Mark R. Somerfield, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Michael A. Danso, Virginia Oncology Associates, Virginia Beach; Michael A
| | - L. Lee Dupuis
- Paul J. Hesketh, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington; Kimberly Noonan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mark G. Kris, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Ethan Basch and Stacie B. Dusetzina, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill; Sally Y. Barbour, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Kari Bohlke and Mark R. Somerfield, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Michael A. Danso, Virginia Oncology Associates, Virginia Beach; Michael A
| | - Stacie B. Dusetzina
- Paul J. Hesketh, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington; Kimberly Noonan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mark G. Kris, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Ethan Basch and Stacie B. Dusetzina, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill; Sally Y. Barbour, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Kari Bohlke and Mark R. Somerfield, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Michael A. Danso, Virginia Oncology Associates, Virginia Beach; Michael A
| | - Cathy Eng
- Paul J. Hesketh, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington; Kimberly Noonan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mark G. Kris, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Ethan Basch and Stacie B. Dusetzina, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill; Sally Y. Barbour, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Kari Bohlke and Mark R. Somerfield, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Michael A. Danso, Virginia Oncology Associates, Virginia Beach; Michael A
| | - Petra C. Feyer
- Paul J. Hesketh, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington; Kimberly Noonan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mark G. Kris, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Ethan Basch and Stacie B. Dusetzina, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill; Sally Y. Barbour, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Kari Bohlke and Mark R. Somerfield, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Michael A. Danso, Virginia Oncology Associates, Virginia Beach; Michael A
| | - Karin Jordan
- Paul J. Hesketh, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington; Kimberly Noonan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mark G. Kris, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Ethan Basch and Stacie B. Dusetzina, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill; Sally Y. Barbour, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Kari Bohlke and Mark R. Somerfield, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Michael A. Danso, Virginia Oncology Associates, Virginia Beach; Michael A
| | - Kimberly Noonan
- Paul J. Hesketh, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington; Kimberly Noonan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mark G. Kris, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Ethan Basch and Stacie B. Dusetzina, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill; Sally Y. Barbour, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Kari Bohlke and Mark R. Somerfield, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Michael A. Danso, Virginia Oncology Associates, Virginia Beach; Michael A
| | - Dee Sparacio
- Paul J. Hesketh, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington; Kimberly Noonan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mark G. Kris, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Ethan Basch and Stacie B. Dusetzina, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill; Sally Y. Barbour, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Kari Bohlke and Mark R. Somerfield, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Michael A. Danso, Virginia Oncology Associates, Virginia Beach; Michael A
| | - Mark R. Somerfield
- Paul J. Hesketh, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington; Kimberly Noonan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mark G. Kris, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Ethan Basch and Stacie B. Dusetzina, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill; Sally Y. Barbour, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Kari Bohlke and Mark R. Somerfield, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Michael A. Danso, Virginia Oncology Associates, Virginia Beach; Michael A
| | - Gary H. Lyman
- Paul J. Hesketh, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington; Kimberly Noonan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mark G. Kris, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Ethan Basch and Stacie B. Dusetzina, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill; Sally Y. Barbour, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Kari Bohlke and Mark R. Somerfield, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Michael A. Danso, Virginia Oncology Associates, Virginia Beach; Michael A
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Anti-apoptotic and moderate anti-inflammatory effects of berberine in sulfur mustard exposed keratinocytes. Toxicol Lett 2017; 293:2-8. [PMID: 28916288 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Skin affections after sulfur mustard (SM) exposure include erythema, blister formation and severe inflammation. An antidote or specific therapy does not exist. Anti-inflammatory compounds as well as substances counteracting SM-induced cell death are under investigation. In this study, we investigated the benzylisoquinoline alkaloide berberine (BER), a metabolite in plants like berberis vulgaris, which is used as herbal pharmaceutical in Asian countries, against SM toxicity using a well-established in vitro approach. Keratinocyte (HaCaT) mono-cultures (MoC) or HaCaT/THP-1 co-cultures (CoC) were challenged with 100, 200 or 300mM SM for 1h. Post-exposure, both MoC and CoC were treated with 10, 30 or 50μM BER for 24h. At that time, supernatants were collected and analyzed both for interleukine (IL) 6 and 8 levels and for content of adenylate-kinase (AK) as surrogate marker for cell necrosis. Cells were lysed and nucleosome formation as marker for late apoptosis was assessed. In parallel, AK in cells was determined for normalization purposes. BER treatment did not influence necrosis, but significantly decreased apoptosis. Anti-inflammatory effects were moderate, but also significant, primarily in CoC. Overall, BER has protective effects against SM toxicity in vitro. Whether this holds true should be evaluated in future in vivo studies.
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A systematic review of methodologies, endpoints, and outcome measures in randomized trials of radiation therapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Support Care Cancer 2017; 25:2019-2033. [PMID: 28364173 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-017-3685-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Clinical trials in radiation therapy-induced nausea and vomiting (RINV) appear to have varied methodologies, endpoints, and outcome measures. This complicates trial comparisons, weakens practice guideline recommendations, and contributes to variability in supportive care patterns of practice. We systematically reviewed RINV trials to describe and compare their pertinent design features. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ovid versions of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, EMBASE, and MEDLINE to January/February 2017 were searched for adult phase III trials of RINV management strategies. Key abstracted data included trial interventions and eligibility criteria, standard radiation therapy (RT) metrics, symptom assessment procedures, symptom definitions and grading systems, pre-specified and reported endpoints, and other outcome measures. RESULTS From 1166 references identified in the initial database search, we selected 34 trials for analysis that collectively randomized 4529 patients (median 61, range 11-1492). Twenty-eight trials (82%) were published prior to the year 2000. Twenty-seven trials (79%) involved multiple fraction RT and 7 (21%) single fraction RT. Twenty-four trials (71%) evaluated prophylactic interventions, 9 (26%) rescue interventions, and 1 trial did not specify. Thirty-three trials (97%) evaluated pharmacologic interventions. Twenty trials (59%) had patient report symptoms, 5 (15%) healthcare professionals or researchers, and 10 (29%) did not specify. Nausea was not defined in any trial but was reported as a stand-alone symptom in 26 trials (76%) and was graded in 20 (59%), with categorical qualitative scales being the most common method. Vomiting was defined in 3 trials (9%), was reported as a stand-alone symptom in 17 (47%), and was graded in 7 (21%), with continuous numerical scales being the most common method. Retching was defined in 3 trials, was not reported as a stand-alone symptom in any trial, and was graded in 1 (3%). Twenty-one trials (62%) created compound symptom measures that combined individual symptoms. Fifteen trials (44%) reported "emetic episode/event" measures but only 9 defined them. Seventeen trials (50%) reported complicated endpoints (e.g., "response," "control," "success") that combined multiple symptom or compound symptom measures, but 7 did not define them comprehensively. Ten trials (29%) defined a primary endpoint a priori. CONCLUSIONS Methodologies, endpoints, and outcome measures varied considerably among 34 randomized trials in RINV.
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Imenshahidi M, Hosseinzadeh H. Berberis Vulgaris and Berberine: An Update Review. Phytother Res 2016; 30:1745-1764. [PMID: 27528198 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid present in several plants, including Coptis sp. and Berberis sp. Berberine is a customary component in Chinese medicine, and is characterized by a diversity of pharmacological effects. An extensive search in electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, Wiley, ProQuest, ISI, and Science Direct) were used to identify the pharmacological and clinical studies on Berberis vulgaris and berberine, during 2008 to 2015, using 'berberine' and 'Berberis vulgaris' as search words. We found more than 1200 new article studying the properties and clinical uses of berberine and B. vulgaris, for treating tumor, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia, inflammation, bacterial and viral infections, cerebral ischemia trauma, mental disease, Alzheimer disease, osteoporosis, and so on. In this article, we have updated the pharmacological effects of B. vulgaris and its active constituent, berberine. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Imenshahidi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Naveen CR, Gaikwad S, Agrawal-Rajput R. Berberine induces neuronal differentiation through inhibition of cancer stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in neuroblastoma cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:736-744. [PMID: 27235712 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Berberine, a plant alkaloid, has been used since many years for treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. It also shows promising medicinal use against metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative disorders and cancer; however its efficacy in neuroblastoma (NB) is poorly explored. HYPOTHESIS EMT is important in cancer stemness and metastasis resulting in failure to differentiate; thus targeting EMT and related pathways can have clinical benefits. STUDY DESIGN Potential of berberine was investigated for (i) neuronal differentiation and cancer stemness inhibition, (ii) underlying molecular mechanisms regulating cancer-stemness and (iii) EMT reversal. METHODS Using neuro2a (N2a) neuroblastoma cells (NB); we investigated effect of berberine on neuronal differentiation, cancer-stemness, EMT and underlying signalling by immunofluorescence, RT-PCR, Western blot. High glucose-induced TGF-β mediated EMT model was used to test EMT reversal potential by Western blot and RT-PCR. STRING analysis was done to determine and validate functional protein-interaction networks. RESULTS We demonstrate berberine induces neuronal differentiation accompanying increased neuronal differentiation markers like MAP2, β-III tubulin and NCAM; generated neurons were viable. Berberine attenuated cancer stemness markers CD133, β-catenin, n-myc, sox2, notch2 and nestin. Berberine potentiated G0/G1 cell cycle arrest by inhibiting proliferation, cyclin dependent kinases and cyclins resulting in apoptosis through increased bax/bcl-2 ratio. Restoration of tumor suppressor proteins, p27 and p53, indicate promising anti-cancer property. The induction of NCAM and reduction in its polysialylation indicates anti-migratory potential which is supported by down regulation of MMP-2/9. It increased epithelial marker laminin and smad and increased Hsp70 levels also suggest its protective role. Molecular insights revealed that berberine regulates EMT via downregulation of PI3/Akt and Ras-Raf-ERK signalling and subsequent upregulation of p38-MAPK. TGF-β secretion from N2a cells was potentiated by high glucose and negatively regulated by berberine through modulation of TGF-β receptors II and III. Berberine reverted mesenchymal markers, vimentin and fibronectin, with restoration of epithelial marker E-cadherin, highlighting the role of berberine in reversal of EMT. CONCLUSION Collectively, the study demonstrates prospective use of berberine against neuroblastoma as elucidated through inhibition of fundamental characteristics of cancer stem cells: tumorigenicity and failure to differentiation and instigates reversal in the EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Naveen
- Laboratory of Immunology, School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar (382 007), Gujarat, India
| | - Sagar Gaikwad
- Laboratory of Immunology, School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar (382 007), Gujarat, India
| | - Reena Agrawal-Rajput
- Laboratory of Immunology, School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar (382 007), Gujarat, India..
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Zhang L, Wang X, Lai M. Modulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal cancerous transition by natural products. Fitoterapia 2015; 106:247-55. [PMID: 26386389 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is mainly responsible for poor prognosis of cancer, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a significant process often activated during cancer invasion and metastasis. Therefore EMT could be an effective target of chemotherapy to inhibit cancer metastasis and improve prognosis. Considering that many chemotherapeutics are plant-based, we reviewed recent reports about natural products extracted from plants and cancer EMT prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Maode Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Chai Y, Wang J, Wang T, Yang Y, Su J, Shi F, Wang J, Zhou X, He B, Ma H, Liu Z. Application of 1H NMR spectroscopy-based metabonomics to feces of cervical cancer patients with radiation-induced acute intestinal symptoms. Radiother Oncol 2015; 117:294-301. [PMID: 26277430 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2015.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Radiation-induced acute intestinal symptoms (RIAISs) are a common complication of radiotherapy for cervical cancer. The aim of this study was to use (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H NMR) combined with chemometric analysis to develop a metabolic profile of patients with RIAISs. METHODS Fecal samples were collected from 66 patients with cervical cancer before and after pelvic radiotherapy. After radiotherapy, RIAISs occurred in eleven patients. We selected another 11 patients from participants without RIAISs whose age, stage, histological type and treatment methods are matched with RIAIS patients as the control group. (1)H NMR spectroscopy combined with multivariate pattern recognition analysis was used to generate metabolic profile data, as well as to establish a RIAIS-specific metabolic phenotype. RESULTS Orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis was used to distinguish samples between the pre- and post-radiotherapy RIAIS patients and between RIAIS patients and controls. Fecal samples from RIAIS patients after pelvic radiotherapy were characterized by increased concentrations of α-ketobutyrate, valine, uracil, tyrosine, trimethylamine N-oxide, phenylalanine, lysine, isoleucine, glutamine, creatinine, creatine, bile acids, aminohippurate, and alanine, accompanied by reduced concentrations of α-glucose, n-butyrate, methylamine, and ethanol relative to samples from RIAIS patients before pelvic radiotherapy, while in RIAIS patients relative to controls, trimethylamine, n-butyrate, fumarate and acetate were down-regulated and valine, TMAO, taurine, phenylalanine, lactate, isoleucine and creatinine were up-regulated. CONCLUSIONS We obtained the metabolic profile of RIAIS patients from fecal samples using NMR-based metabonomics. This profile has the potential to be developed into a novel clinical tool for RIAIS diagnosis or therapeutic monitoring, and could contribute to an improved understanding of the disease mechanism. However, because of the limitations of methods, technique, bacterial contamination of feces and small sample size, further research and verification are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlan Chai
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, PR China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, PR China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, PR China
| | - Yunyi Yang
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, PR China
| | - Jin Su
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, PR China
| | - Fan Shi
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, PR China
| | - Jiquan Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, PR China
| | - Xi Zhou
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, PR China; Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, PR China
| | - Bin He
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, PR China
| | - Hailin Ma
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, PR China
| | - Zi Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, PR China.
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Kumar A, Ekavali, Chopra K, Mukherjee M, Pottabathini R, Dhull DK. Current knowledge and pharmacological profile of berberine: An update. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 761:288-97. [PMID: 26092760 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Berberine, a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, occurs as an active constituent in numerous medicinal plants and has an array of pharmacological properties. It has been used in Ayurvedic and Chinese medicine for its antimicrobial, antiprotozoal, antidiarrheal and antitrachoma activity. Moreover, several clinical and preclinical studies demonstrate ameliorative effect of berberine against several disorders including metabolic, neurological and cardiological problems. This review provides a summary regarding the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic features of berberine, with a focus on the different mechanisms underlying its multispectrum activity. Studies regarding the safety profile, drug interactions and important clinical trials of berberine have also been included. Clinical trials with respect to neurological disorders need to be undertaken to exploit the beneficiary effects of berberine against serious disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Also, clinical studies to detect rare adverse effects of berberine need to be initiated to draw a complete safety profile of berberine and strengthen its applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar
- Neuropharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
| | - Ekavali
- Neuropharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Kanwaljit Chopra
- Neuropharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Madhurima Mukherjee
- Neuropharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Raghavender Pottabathini
- Neuropharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Dinesh K Dhull
- Neuropharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
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29
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Mittal A, Tabasum S, Singh RP. Berberine in combination with doxorubicin suppresses growth of murine melanoma B16F10 cells in culture and xenograft. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 21:340-347. [PMID: 24176840 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2013] [Revised: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is very aggressive and major cause of mortality due to skin cancer. Herein, we studied the anticancer effects of berberine, a plant alkaloid, in combination with doxorubicin on murine melanoma B16F10 cells in vitro and in vivo. This drug combination strongly inhibited cell growth and induced cell death, and caused G2/M arrest in cell cycle together with a decrease in Kip1/p27. Berberine showed stronger inhibitory effect on ERK1/2 phosphorylation as compared to Akt phosphorylation, whereas the combination of the drugs showed greater inhibitory effect on Akt phosphorylation. In murine B16F10 xenograft, cells were implanted into mice and treated with vehicle (methyl cellulose) or berberine (100mg/kg of body weight/day by oral gavage) or doxorubicin (4 mg/kg of body weight/week by intraperitoneal injection) or combination of berberine and doxorubicin. Berberine alone did not show any considerable effect on tumor growth as observed with doxorubicin, however, the combination of the two drugs resulted in a significant and strong decrease in tumor volume (85%, p<0.005) and tumor weight (78%, p<0.05) as compared to control. Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor samples showed that drug combination decreased PCNA-positive cells (82%, p<0.001) and increased cleaved caspase-3 positive cells (3-fold, p<0.05) indicating inhibition of proliferation and an increase in apoptosis, respectively. Overall, our findings suggest that berberine and doxorubicin could be a novel combination to inhibit melanoma tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Mittal
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Saba Tabasum
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Rana P Singh
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
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Gu L, Li N, Yu W, Gong J, Li Q, Zhu W, Li J. Berberine Reduces Rat Intestinal Tight Junction Injury Induced by Ischemia–Reperfusion Associated with the Suppression of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthesis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2013; 41:1297-312. [PMID: 24228602 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x13500870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Berberine (BBR) has been shown to attenuate the deleterious effects of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in the brain. We evaluated the effects of BBR on intestinal tight junction (TJ) changes during mesenteric I/R. I/R was induced in rats by the occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery and reperfusion. The rats were randomized into four groups: control, BBR, I/R, and I/R + BBR. Intestinal permeability was determined by the lactulose/mannitol test. The ileum and colon were harvested to assess mucosal injury and inducible nitric oxide synthase activity. The TJ ultrastructure was studied by transmission electron microscopy. The expressions and locations of the TJ proteins, occludin and ZO-1, in the epithelium were investigated by immunofluorescence microscopy. We also used Western blot analysis to detect the distribution of TJ proteins in lipid raft fractions. Our results suggest that I/R-induced intestinal TJ dysfunction can be improved by BBR, thereby demonstrating the therapeutic potential of BBR for intestinal I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Gu
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wenkui Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jianfeng Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiurong Li
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weiming Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jieshou Li
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
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Yao J, Kong W, Jiang J. Learning from berberine: Treating chronic diseases through multiple targets. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2013; 58:854-9. [PMID: 24174332 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-013-4568-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Although advances have been made, chemotherapy for chronic, multifactorial diseases such as cancers, Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes is far from satisfactory. Agents with different mechanisms of action are required. The botanic compound berberine (BBR) has been used as an over-the-counter antibacterial for diarrhea in China for many decades. Recent clinical studies have shown that BBR may be therapeutic in various types of chronic diseases. This review addresses BBR's molecular mechanisms of action and clinical efficacy and safety in patients with type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, heart diseases, cancers and inflammation. One of the advantages of BBR is its multiple-target effects in each of these diseases. The therapeutic efficacy of BBR may reflect a synergistic regulation of these targets, resulting in a comprehensive effect against these various chronic disorders. The safety of BBR may be due to its harmonious distribution into those targets. Although the single-target concept is still the principle for drug discovery and research, this review emphasizes the concept of a multiple target strategy, which may be an important approach toward the successful treatment of multifactorial chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yao
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - WeiJia Kong
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - JianDong Jiang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Menees S, Saad R, Chey WD. Agents that act luminally to treat diarrhoea and constipation. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2012; 9:661-74. [PMID: 22945441 DOI: 10.1038/nrgastro.2012.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Diarrhoea and constipation are common clinical complaints that negatively affect quality of life, reduce work productivity and lead to considerable health-care expenditure. A variety of therapies have been used to treat these conditions. Unlike drugs that require systemic absorption to exert their effects, luminally acting agents improve diarrhoea and constipation by altering intestinal and/or colonic motility, as well as mucosal absorption and secretion, through a variety of mechanisms. Examples of luminally acting agents for diarrhoea include peripherally acting opiate analogues, enkephalinase inhibitors, bile-acid binding agents, nonabsorbed antibiotics, probiotics, bismuth-containing compounds, berberine and agents with possible effects on intestinal secretion or permeability. Luminally acting drugs for constipation include bulking agents, surfactants, osmotics, stimulants, chloride-channel activators, probiotics, drugs that increase delivery of bile acids to the colon and natural therapies such as prunes and hemp seed extract. As the physiological effects of luminally acting drugs are largely confined to the gastrointestinal tract, these agents are unlikely to cause adverse effects outside of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy Menees
- University of Michigan Health System, 3912 Taubman Center, SPC 5362, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5362, USA
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Gu L, Li N, Gong J, Li Q, Zhu W, Li J. Berberine ameliorates intestinal epithelial tight-junction damage and down-regulates myosin light chain kinase pathways in a mouse model of endotoxinemia. J Infect Dis 2011; 203:1602-12. [PMID: 21592990 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jir147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine the protective effect of berberine in endotoxin-induced intestinal tight-junction injury in a mice model of endotoxinemia. METHODS Endotoxinemia was induced by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (10 mg/kg). Mice were randomized to 5 groups: control mice, berberine-treated mice, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-injected mice, mice pretreated with berberine, and mice administered berberine following LPS injection. Samples were collected 12 h after LPS treatment. RESULTS Ileal mucosal permeability to fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran assay indicated that berberine reduced the permeability of the gut barrier in endotoxinemia. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that pretreatement with berberine partly prevented ultrastructural disruption of tight junctions by LPS. Immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis were performed, and the results demonstrated that pretreatement with berberine partially reversed the redistribution of tight-junction proteins in colon epithelium and in membrane microdomains. Our data also indicated that pretreatement with berberine could suppress translocation, from cytoplasm to the nucleus, of nuclear factor-κB and myosin light chain kinase activation in the intestinal epithelium. CONCLUSIONS Pretreatement with berberine attenuates disruption of tight junctions in intestinal epithelium in a mice model of endotoxinemia. This may possibly have been mediated through down-regulation of the nuclear factor-κB and myosin light chain kinase pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Gu
- Department of General Surgery, Clinical School of Nanjing, Second Military Medical University, Nanjing JingLing Hospital, Nanjing, China.
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Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, there are approximately 2 billion annual cases of diarrhea worldwide. Diarrhea is the leading cause of death in children younger than 5 years and kills 1.5 million children each year. It is especially prevalent in the developing world, where mortality is related to dehydration, electrolyte disturbance, and the resultant acidosis, and in 2001, it accounted for 1.78 million deaths (3.7% of total deaths) in low- and middle-income countries. However, diarrhea is also a common problem in the developed world, with 211 million to 375 million episodes of infectious diarrheal illnesses in the United States annually, resulting in 73 million physician consultations, 1.8 million hospitalizations, and 3100 deaths. Furthermore, 4% to 5% of the Western population suffers from chronic diarrhea. Given the high prevalence of diarrhea, research has been directed at learning more about the cellular mechanisms underlying diarrheal illnesses in order to develop new medications directed at novel cellular targets. These cellular mechanisms and targets are discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra J Kent
- Department of Gastroenterology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
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