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Losurdo P, de Manzini N, Palmisano S, Grassi M, Parisi S, Rizzolio F, Tierno D, Biasin A, Grassi C, Truong NH, Grassi G. Potential Application of Small Interfering RNA in Gastro-Intestinal Tumors. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1295. [PMID: 36297407 PMCID: PMC9612316 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the progress made in the diagnoses and therapy of gastrointestinal cancers, these diseases are still plagued by a high mortality. Thus, novel therapeutic approaches are urgently required. In this regard, small interfering RNA (siRNA), double-stranded RNA molecules able to specifically target the mRNA of pathological genes, have the potential to be of therapeutic value. To be effective in the human body, siRNAs need to be protected against degradation. Additionally, they need to target the tumor, leaving the normal tissue untouched in an effort to preserve organ function. To accomplish these tasks, siRNAs have been formulated with smart delivery systems such has polymers and lipids. While siRNA protection is not particularly difficult to achieve, their targeting of tumor cells remains problematic. Here, after introducing the general features of gastrointestinal cancers, we describe siRNA characteristics together with representative delivery systems developed for gastrointestinal cancers. Afterward, we present a selection of research papers employing siRNAs against upper- and lower- gastrointestinal cancers. For the liver, we also consider papers using siRNAs to combat liver cirrhosis, a relevant risk factor for liver cancer development. Finally, we present a brief description of clinical trials employing siRNAs for gastrointestinal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Losurdo
- Surgical Clinic Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Hospital of Cattinara, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, Cattinara University Hospital, Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Nicolò de Manzini
- Surgical Clinic Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Hospital of Cattinara, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvia Palmisano
- Surgical Clinic Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Hospital of Cattinara, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Mario Grassi
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, Trieste University, Via Valerio 6, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Salvatore Parisi
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Pordenone, 33081 Aviano, Italy
- Doctoral School in Molecular Biomedicine, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy
| | - Flavio Rizzolio
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Pordenone, 33081 Aviano, Italy
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, 30123 Venezia, Italy
| | - Domenico Tierno
- Department of Life Sciences, Cattinara University Hospital, Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Alice Biasin
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, Trieste University, Via Valerio 6, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Chiara Grassi
- Degree Course in Medicine, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy
| | - Nhung Hai Truong
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, VNUHCM—University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Application, VNUHCM—University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Gabriele Grassi
- Department of Life Sciences, Cattinara University Hospital, Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
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Abdel Ghafar MT, Soliman NA. Metadherin (AEG-1/MTDH/LYRIC) expression: Significance in malignancy and crucial role in colorectal cancer. Adv Clin Chem 2022; 106:235-280. [PMID: 35152973 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2021.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metadherin (AEG-1/MTDH/LYRIC) is a 582-amino acid transmembrane protein, encoded by a gene located at chromosome 8q22, and distributed throughout the cytoplasm, peri-nuclear region, nucleus, and nucleolus as well as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). It contains several structural and interacting domains through which it interacts with transcription factors such as nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (PLZF), staphylococcal nuclease domain containing 1 (SND1) and lung homing domain (LHD). It is regulated by miRNAs and mediates its oncogenic function via activation of cell proliferation, survival, migration and metastasis, as well as, angiogenesis and chemoresistance via phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/AKT (PI3K/AKT), NF-κB, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Wnt signaling pathways. In this chapter, metadherin is reviewed highlighting its role in mediating growth, metastasis and chemoresistance in colorectal cancer (CRC). Metadherin, as well as its variants, and antibodies are associated with CRC progression, poorer prognosis, decreased survival and advanced clinico-pathology. The potential of AEG-1/MTDH/LYRIC as a diagnostic and prognostic marker as well as a therapeutic target in CRC is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nema A Soliman
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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3
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Chen Y, Huang S, Guo R, Chen D. Metadherin-mediated mechanisms in human malignancies. Biomark Med 2021; 15:1769-1783. [PMID: 34783585 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2021-0298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metadherin (MTDH) has been recognized as a novel protein that is critical for the progression of multiple types of human malignancies. Studies have reported that MTDH enhances the metastatic potential of cancer cells by regulating multiple signaling pathways. miRNAs and various tumor-related proteins have been shown to interact with MTDH, making it a potential therapeutic target as well as a biomarker in human malignancies. MTDH plays a critical role in inflammation, angiogenesis, hypoxia, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and autophagy. In this review, we present the function and mechanisms of MTDH for cancer initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyuan Chen
- The Second Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, 650000, PR China
| | - Sheng Huang
- The Second Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, 650000, PR China
| | - Rong Guo
- The Second Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, 650000, PR China
| | - Dedian Chen
- The Second Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, 650000, PR China
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Sriramulu S, Sun XF, Malayaperumal S, Ganesan H, Zhang H, Ramachandran M, Banerjee A, Pathak S. Emerging Role and Clinicopathological Significance of AEG-1 in Different Cancer Types: A Concise Review. Cells 2021; 10:1497. [PMID: 34203598 PMCID: PMC8232086 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor breakthrough is driven by genetic or epigenetic variations which assist in initiation, migration, invasion and metastasis of tumors. Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) protein has risen recently as the crucial factor in malignancies and plays a potential role in diverse complex oncogenic signaling cascades. AEG-1 has multiple roles in tumor growth and development and is found to be involved in various signaling pathways of: (i) Ha-ras and PI3K/AKT; (ii) the NF-κB; (iii) the ERK or mitogen-activated protein kinase and Wnt or β-catenin and (iv) the Aurora-A kinase. Recent studies have confirmed that in all the hallmarks of cancers, AEG-1 plays a key functionality including progression, transformation, sustained angiogenesis, evading apoptosis, and invasion and metastasis. Clinical studies have supported that AEG-1 is actively intricated in tumor growth and progression which includes esophageal squamous cell, gastric, colorectal, hepatocellular, gallbladder, breast, prostate and non-small cell lung cancers, as well as renal cell carcinomas, melanoma, glioma, neuroblastoma and osteosarcoma. Existing studies have reported that AEG-1 expression has been induced by Ha-ras through intrication of PI3K/AKT signaling. Conversely, AEG-1 also activates PI3K/AKT pathway and modulates the defined subset of downstream target proteins via crosstalk between the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Hedgehog signaling cascade which further plays a crucial role in metastasis. Thus, AEG-1 may be employed as a biomarker to discern the patients of those who are likely to get aid from AEG-1-targeted medication. AEG-1 may play as an effective target to repress tumor development, occlude metastasis, and magnify the effectiveness of treatments. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanism of AEG-1 in the process of carcinogenesis and its involvement in regulation of crosstalk between the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Hedgehog signaling. We also highlight the multifaceted functions, expression, clinicopathological significance and molecular inhibitors of AEG-1 in various cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmitha Sriramulu
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India; (S.S.); (S.M.); (H.G.); (M.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Xiao-Feng Sun
- Department of Oncology, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Sarubala Malayaperumal
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India; (S.S.); (S.M.); (H.G.); (M.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Harsha Ganesan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India; (S.S.); (S.M.); (H.G.); (M.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Orebro University, SE-701 82 Orebro, Sweden;
| | - Murugesan Ramachandran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India; (S.S.); (S.M.); (H.G.); (M.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India; (S.S.); (S.M.); (H.G.); (M.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India; (S.S.); (S.M.); (H.G.); (M.R.); (A.B.)
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5
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Manna D, Sarkar D. Multifunctional Role of Astrocyte Elevated Gene-1 (AEG-1) in Cancer: Focus on Drug Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081792. [PMID: 33918653 PMCID: PMC8069505 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Chemotherapy is a major mode of treatment for cancers. However, cancer cells adapt to survive in stressful conditions and in many cases, they are inherently resistant to chemotherapy. Additionally, after initial response to chemotherapy, the surviving cancer cells acquire new alterations making them chemoresistant. Genes that help adapt the cancer cells to cope with stress often contribute to chemoresistance and one such gene is Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1). AEG-1 levels are increased in all cancers studied to date and AEG-1 contributes to the development of highly aggressive, metastatic cancers. In this review, we provide a comprehensive description of the mechanism by which AEG-1 augments tumor development with special focus on its ability to regulate chemoresistance. We also discuss potential ways to inhibit AEG-1 to overcome chemoresistance. Abstract Cancer development results from the acquisition of numerous genetic and epigenetic alterations in cancer cells themselves, as well as continuous changes in their microenvironment. The plasticity of cancer cells allows them to continuously adapt to selective pressures brought forth by exogenous environmental stresses, the internal milieu of the tumor and cancer treatment itself. Resistance to treatment, either inherent or acquired after the commencement of treatment, is a major obstacle an oncologist confronts in an endeavor to efficiently manage the disease. Resistance to chemotherapy, chemoresistance, is an important hallmark of aggressive cancers, and driver oncogene-induced signaling pathways and molecular abnormalities create the platform for chemoresistance. The oncogene Astrocyte elevated gene-1/Metadherin (AEG-1/MTDH) is overexpressed in a diverse array of cancers, and its overexpression promotes all the hallmarks of cancer, such as proliferation, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis and chemoresistance. The present review provides a comprehensive description of the molecular mechanism by which AEG-1 promotes tumorigenesis, with a special emphasis on its ability to regulate chemoresistance.
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Khan M, Sarkar D. The Scope of Astrocyte Elevated Gene-1/Metadherin (AEG-1/MTDH) in Cancer Clinicopathology: A Review. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12020308. [PMID: 33671513 PMCID: PMC7927008 DOI: 10.3390/genes12020308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its initial cloning in 2002, a plethora of studies in a vast number of cancer indications, has strongly established AEG-1 as a bona fide oncogene. In all types of cancer cells, overexpression and knockdown studies have demonstrated that AEG-1 performs a seminal role in regulating proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis and chemoresistance, the defining cancer hallmarks, by a variety of mechanisms, including protein-protein interactions activating diverse oncogenic pathways, RNA-binding promoting translation and regulation of inflammation, lipid metabolism and tumor microenvironment. These findings have been strongly buttressed by demonstration of increased tumorigenesis in tissue-specific AEG-1 transgenic mouse models, and profound resistance of multiple types of cancer development and progression in total and conditional AEG-1 knockout mouse models. Additionally, clinicopathologic correlations of AEG-1 expression in a diverse array of cancers establishing AEG-1 as an independent biomarker for highly aggressive, chemoresistance metastatic disease with poor prognosis have provided a solid foundation to the mechanistic and mouse model studies. In this review a comprehensive analysis of the current and up-to-date literature is provided to delineate the clinical significance of AEG-1 in cancer highlighting the commonality of the findings and the discrepancies and discussing the implications of these observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maheen Khan
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA;
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Massey Cancer Center, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-804-827-2339
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Shen M, Xie S, Rowicki M, Michel S, Wei Y, Hang X, Wan L, Lu X, Yuan M, Jin JF, Jaschinski F, Zhou T, Klar R, Kang Y. Therapeutic Targeting of Metadherin Suppresses Colorectal and Lung Cancer Progression and Metastasis. Cancer Res 2021; 81:1014-1025. [PMID: 33239430 PMCID: PMC8026491 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-1876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal and lung cancers account for one-third of all cancer-related deaths worldwide. Previous studies suggested that metadherin (MTDH) is involved in the development of colorectal and lung cancers. However, how MTDH regulates the pathogenesis of these cancers remains largely unknown. Using genetically modified mouse models of spontaneous colorectal and lung cancers, we found that MTDH promotes cancer progression by facilitating Wnt activation and by inducing cytotoxic T-cell exhaustion, respectively. Moreover, we developed locked nucleic acid-modified (LNA) MTDH antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) that effectively and specifically suppress MTDH expression in vitro and in vivo. Treatments with MTDH ASOs in mouse models significantly attenuated progression and metastasis of colorectal, lung, and breast cancers. Our study opens a new avenue for developing therapies against colorectal and lung cancers by targeting MTDH using LNA-modified ASO. SIGNIFICANCE: This study provides new insights into the mechanism of MTDH in promoting colorectal and lung cancers, as well as genetic and pharmacologic evidence supporting the development of MTDH-targeting therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhong Shen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Shanshan Xie
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Michelle Rowicki
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Sven Michel
- Secarna Pharmaceuticals GmbH & Co. KG, Planegg/Martinsried, Germany
| | - Yong Wei
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Xiang Hang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Liling Wan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Xin Lu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Min Yuan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - John F Jin
- Firebrand Therapeutics, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Frank Jaschinski
- Secarna Pharmaceuticals GmbH & Co. KG, Planegg/Martinsried, Germany
| | - Tianhua Zhou
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer Institute of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard Klar
- Secarna Pharmaceuticals GmbH & Co. KG, Planegg/Martinsried, Germany
| | - Yibin Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey.
- Cancer Metabolism and Growth Program, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
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Deng J, Zhang Q, Lu L, Fan C. Long Noncoding RNA DLGAP1-AS1 Promotes the Aggressive Behavior of Gastric Cancer by Acting as a ceRNA for microRNA-628-5p and Raising Astrocyte Elevated Gene 1 Expression. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:2947-2960. [PMID: 32431541 PMCID: PMC7197941 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s246166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The long noncoding RNA DLGAP1 antisense RNA 1 (DLGAP1-AS1) plays well-defined roles in the malignant progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to determine whether DLGAP1-AS1 affects the aggressive behavior of gastric cancer (GC). Methods DLGAP1-AS1 expression in GC tissue samples and cell lines was determined by reverse-transcription quantitative PCR. GC cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and tumor growth in vitro as well as in vivo were examined by the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, flow-cytometric analysis, transwell migration and invasion assays, and xenograft model experiments, respectively. Results DLGAP1-AS1 was overexpressed in GC tissue samples and cell lines. Among patients with GC, the increased level of DLGAP1-AS1 correlated with tumor size, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and shorter overall survival. The knockdown of DLGAP1-AS1 suppressed GC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro, as well as promoted cell apoptosis and hindered tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, DLGAP1-AS1 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA for microRNA-628-5p (miR-628-5p) in GC cells, thereby increasing the expression of the miR-628-5p target astrocyte elevated gene 1 (AEG-1). Functionally, the recovery of the miR-628-5p/AEG-1 axis output attenuated the effects of DLGAP1-AS1 knockdown in GC cells. Conclusion DLGAP1-AS1 is a pleiotropic oncogenic lncRNA in GC. DLGAP1-AS1 plays a pivotal part in the oncogenicity of GC in vitro and in vivo by regulating the miR-628-5p/AEG-1 axis. DLGAP1-AS1, miR-628-5p, and AEG-1 form a regulatory pathway to facilitate GC progression, suggesting this pathway as an effective target for the treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiying Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Gaomi People's Hospital, Gaomi, Shandong 261500, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gaomi People's Hospital, Gaomi, Shandong 261500, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianwei Lu
- Department of Radiology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunxia Fan
- Department of General Surgery, Gaomi People's Hospital, Gaomi, Shandong 261500, People's Republic of China
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Abdel Ghafar MT, Gharib F, Abdel-Salam S, Elkhouly RA, Elshora A, Shalaby KH, El-Guindy D, El-Rashidy MA, Soliman NA, Abu-Elenin MM, Allam AA. Role of serum Metadherin mRNA expression in the diagnosis and prediction of survival in patients with colorectal cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:2509-2519. [PMID: 32088817 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05334-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Early diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) are important for improving patients' survival. Metadherin is an oncogene that plays a pivotal role in carcinogenesis and can be suggested as a cancer biomarker. This study aimed to elucidate the efficacy of serum Metadherin mRNA expression as a potential non-invasive biomarker for early diagnosis of CRC in relation to other screening markers as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19.9 (CA19.9) and Fecal occult blood (FOB) and also to assess its relationship with the tumor stage and survival rate. A convenience series of 86 CRC cases (group I) were recruited with 78 subjects as controls (group II). Serum Metadherin mRNA expression level was determined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Serum Metadherin mRNA expression level was significantly elevated in CRC cases when compared with controls (P < 0.001). For CRC diagnosis; Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analyses revealed that the diagnostic accuracy of serum Metadherin mRNA (AUC = 0.976) was significantly higher than other routine CRC screening markers as CEA, CA19.9 and FOB. The combined accuracy of these markers (AUC = 0.741) was increased when used with serum Metadherin mRNA (AUC = 0.820). High serum Metadherin mRNA expression was associated with poorly differentiated histological grade, advanced tumor stage and lower survival rate. AUC of Metadherin was 0.820 for differentiating advanced versus early tumor stages. Serum Metadherin mRNA expression is a useful non-invasive biomarker for CRC. It can be used for screening and early diagnosis of CRC and can increase the efficacy of other routine CRC screening markers when it is estimated in CRC patients with them. It is also associated with advanced tumor stage and a lower survival rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tarek Abdel Ghafar
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Aljaysh st, Medical Campus, Tanta, 31511, Egypt.
| | - Fatma Gharib
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Sherief Abdel-Salam
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed Elshora
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Khaled H Shalaby
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Dina El-Guindy
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | - Nema A Soliman
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mira Maged Abu-Elenin
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Alzahraa A Allam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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10
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Rong C, Shi Y, Huang J, Wang X, Shimizu R, Mori Y, Murai A, Liang J. The Effect of Metadherin on NF-κB Activation and Downstream Genes in Ovarian Cancer. Cell Transplant 2020; 29:963689720905506. [PMID: 32207338 PMCID: PMC7444209 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720905506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most aggressive gynecological cancer. Even with the advances in detection and therapeutics, it still remains clinically challenging and there is a pressing need to identify novel therapeutic strategies. In searching for rational molecular targets, we identified metadherin (MTDH), a multifunctional gene associated with several tumor types but previously unrecognized in OC. In this study, we found the MTDH is overexpressed in OC tissues. Through in vitro assays with overexpression cells, we characterized the role of MTDH. We confirmed MTDH stable overexpression significantly increased the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-1β. Interestingly, NF-kappa-B (NF-κB) and MTDH were found in a feed-forward loop motif. Thus, our findings support the notion that the MTDH and NF-κB signaling network contributes to OC traits. MTDH represents a new OC-associated gene that can contribute to insights of OC biology and suggests other treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhong Rong
- Departments of Gynecology and Obstetrics ,China–Japan
Friendship Hospital
| | - Yanfen Shi
- Department of Pathology, China–Japan Friendship Hospital,
Beijing, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Departments of Gynecology and Obstetrics ,China–Japan
Friendship Hospital
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Changping Hospital
of Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Risa Shimizu
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Gunma
University, Maebeshi, Japan
| | - Yuki Mori
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Gunma
University, Maebeshi, Japan
| | - Akiko Murai
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, University of Chicago,
Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jing Liang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, China–Japan
Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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11
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Jiang H, Gu J, Du J, Qi X, Qian C, Fei B. A 21‑gene Support Vector Machine classifier and a 10‑gene risk score system constructed for patients with gastric cancer. Mol Med Rep 2019; 21:347-359. [PMID: 31939629 PMCID: PMC6896370 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) ranks fifth in terms of incidence and third in terms of tumor mortality worldwide. The present study was designed to construct a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier and risk score system for GC. The GSE62254 (training set) and GSE26253 (validation set 2) datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Furthermore, the gene expression profile of GC (validation set 1) was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between recurrent and non‑recurrent samples were determined using the limma package. The feature genes were selected using the Caret package, and an SVM classifier was built using the e1071 package. Using the penalized package, the optimal predictive genes for constructing a risk score system were screened. Finally, stratification analysis of clinical factors and pathway enrichment analysis were performed using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. A total of 239 DEGs were identified in GSE62254, among which 114 DEGs were significantly associated with both recurrence‑free survival and overall survival. Subsequently, 21 feature genes were screened from the 114 DEGs, and an SVM classifier was built. A risk score system for survival prediction was constructed, following the selection of 10 optimal genes, including A‑kinase anchoring protein 12, angiopoietin‑like protein 1, cysteine‑rich sequence 1, myeloid/lymphoid or mixed‑lineage leukemia, translocated to chromosome 11, neuron navigator 3, neurobeachin, nephroblastoma overexpressed, pleiotrophin, tumor suppressor candidate 3 and zinc finger and SCAN domain containing 18. The stratification analysis revealed that pathological stage was an independent prognostic clinical factor in the high‑risk group. Additionally, eight significant pathways were associated with the 10‑gene signature. The SVM classifier and risk score system may be applied for classifying and predicting the prognosis of patients with GC, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214062, P.R. China
| | - Jiming Gu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214062, P.R. China
| | - Jun Du
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214062, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowei Qi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214062, P.R. China
| | - Chengjia Qian
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214062, P.R. China
| | - Bojian Fei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214062, P.R. China
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12
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Lv S, Zhang J, He Y, Liu Q, Wang Z, Liu B, Shi L, Wu Y. MicroRNA‐520e targets AEG‐1 to suppress the proliferation and invasion of colorectal cancer cells through Wnt/GSK‐3β/β‐catenin signalling. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 47:158-167. [PMID: 31574178 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samei Lv
- Digestive Department of the Elderly Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital Xi’an China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Digestive Department of the Elderly Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital Xi’an China
| | - Yu He
- Digestive Department of the Elderly Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital Xi’an China
| | - Qian Liu
- Digestive Department of the Elderly Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital Xi’an China
| | - Zongyan Wang
- Digestive Department of the Elderly Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital Xi’an China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of General Surgery Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital Xi’an China
| | - Liping Shi
- Digestive Department of the Elderly Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital Xi’an China
| | - Youwei Wu
- Digestive Department of the Elderly Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital Xi’an China
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13
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Wu S, Zhang Z, Wu D, Chen H, Qian X, Wang X, Huang W. AEG-1 promotes the growth of gastric cancer through the upregulation of eIF4E expression. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:5887-5895. [PMID: 31413586 PMCID: PMC6659790 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s213604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: AEG-1 has been proven to be tumor enhancer in gastric cancer. However, its mechanism has not yet been fully clarified. Methods: Gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments were conducted to determine the role of eIF4E in AEG-1-induced growth of gastric cancer cells and xenografts of a nude mouse model. Western blot analysis and SRB assay were used to determine the protein expression levels and survival cell numbers. Results: Silencing the expression of AEG-1 inhibited the growth of gastric cancer cells in parallel with a decreased eIF4E and cyclin D1 expression; however, the overexpression of AEG-1 promoted cell growth and increased eIF4E and cyclin D1 expression. Moreover, the overexpression of eIF4E partially reversed the AEG-1 silencing-induced reduction of cyclin D1 and the inhibition of cell growth. An eIF4E knockdown also partially reversed the AEG-1 overexpression-induced upregulation of cyclin D1 and cell growth. Notably, manipulating the expression of eIF4E did not affect the expression of AEG-1. Finally, the silencing of AEG-1 expression inhibited the growth of SGC-7901 xenografts in parallel with the downregulation of eIF4E and cyclin D1 expression in the nude mouse model. Conclusion: AEG-1 promoted the growth of gastric cancer through upregulation of eIF4E/cyclin D1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310016, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuhao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, People's Republic of China.,Department of Basic Medicine, Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province 222000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongling Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xixi Qian
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuerong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Huang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Nanjing Hospital (Nanjing First Hospital), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210006, People's Republic of China
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14
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Zhang Z, Qin H, Jiang B, Chen W, Cao W, Zhao X, Yuan H, Qi W, Zhuo D, Guo H. miR-30e-5p suppresses cell proliferation and migration in bladder cancer through regulating metadherin. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:15924-15932. [PMID: 31069875 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that miR-30e-5p is dysregulated in several human carcinomas; however, the mechanism of miR-30e-5p in bladder cancer (BCa) remains unknown. Here, we confirmed that the expression of miR-30e-5p was decreased in human BCa specimens and cell lines by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Upregulation of miR-30e-5p decreased the proliferation and migration in T24 and UM-UC-3 cells. Metadherin (MTDH) was a potential target for miR-30e-5p through bioinformatics analysis. Dual-luciferase assays were conducted to validate the interaction between miR-30e-5p and MTDH, which demonstrates that the relative luciferase activity was significantly downregulated after transfected miR-30e-5p mimic compared with control mimic in 293T cells. We also detected that whether silencing of MTDH by using small interfering(si)-MTDH matched effects caused by miR-30e-5p overexpression in BCa cells lines by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation, and transwell assay, and we found the effects of silencing of MTDH same as miR-30e-5p overexpression. Furthermore, we verified that the restoration of MTDH in miR-30e-5p-overexpressed BCa cells rescued the inhibitory effects of miR-30e-5p. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that miR-30e-5p may inhibit BCa cells growth and invasiveness by targeting MTDH and may be a promising therapeutic agent for treating clinical BCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Zhang
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Haixiang Qin
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenmin Cao
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaozhi Zhao
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Yuan
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Qi
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Zhuo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongqian Guo
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Zhang L, Singh A, Plaisier C, Pruett N, Ripley RT, Schrump DS, Hoang CD. Metadherin Is a Prognostic Apoptosis Modulator in Mesothelioma Induced via NF-κB-Mediated Signaling. Transl Oncol 2019; 12:859-870. [PMID: 31054476 PMCID: PMC6500914 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapies against malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) have yielded disappointing results, in part, because pathologic mechanisms remain obscure. In searching for rational molecular targets, we identified metadherin (MTDH), a multifunctional gene associated with several tumor types but previously unrecognized in MPM. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis delineated associations between higher MTDH expression and lower patient survival from three independent MPM cohorts (n = 349 patients). Through in vitro assays with overexpression and downregulation constructs in MPM cells, we characterized the role of MTDH. We confirmed in vivo the phenotype of altered MTDH expression in a murine xenograft model. Transcriptional regulators of MTDH were identified by chromatin immunoprecipitation. Overexpression of both MTDH mRNA (12-fold increased) and protein levels was observed in tumor tissues. MTDH stable overexpression significantly augmented proliferation, invasiveness, colony formation, chemoresistance, and an antiapoptosis phenotype, while its suppression showed opposite effects in MPM cells. Interestingly, NF-κB and c-Myc (in a feed-forward loop motif) contributed to modulating MTDH expression. Knockdown of MTDH expression profoundly retarded xenograft tumor growth. Thus, our findings support the notion that MTDH integrates upstream signals from certain transcription factors and mediates pathogenic interactions contributing to MPM traits. MTDH represents a new MPM-associated gene that can contribute to insights of MPM biology and, as such, suggest other treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Thoracic Surgery Branch, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anand Singh
- Thoracic Surgery Branch, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christopher Plaisier
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Nathanael Pruett
- Thoracic Surgery Branch, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - R Taylor Ripley
- Dept. of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David S Schrump
- Thoracic Surgery Branch, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chuong D Hoang
- Thoracic Surgery Branch, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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16
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Zhang M, Liu P, Xu F, He Y, Xie X, Jiang X. Vinculin promotes gastric cancer proliferation and migration and predicts poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:14107-14115. [PMID: 30989694 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Vinculin is a highly conserved protein involved in cell proliferation, migration, and adhesion. However, the effects of vinculin on gastric cancer (GC) remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to explore the functional role of vinculin in GC, as well as its underlying mechanism. Expression of vinculin in patients with GC was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry. Overall survival was evaluated by the Kaplan-Meier method with the log-rank test. The relationship between vinculin and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with GC was further identified. In addition, we assessed the expression of vinculin in GC cell lines. Besides, vinculin was suppressed or overexpressed by transfection with small interfering (si-vinculin) or pcDNA-vinculin and then cell viability, cell apoptosis, and/or migration was respectively examined by the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2, 5-biphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay, flow cytometer, and scratch assay, respectively. Moreover, the cell cycle- and apoptosis-related proteins were detected by Western blot analysis. The expression of vinculin was significantly increased in the GC tissues and cells compared with the nontumor tissues or cells. Vinculin protein positive staining was mainly located in the cell membrane and cytoplasm. Moreover, vinculin was significantly associated with Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) and poor differentiation. Patients with high vinculin levels had significantly worse overall survival than those with low levels. Suppression of vinculin significantly decreased cell viability and migration and promoted cell apoptosis. However, overexpression of vinculin statistically increased cell viability but had no effects on cell apoptosis. Vinculin promotes GC proliferation and migration and predicts poor prognosis in patients with GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Famei Xu
- Department of Pathology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanlong He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangjun Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangjun Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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17
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Peng Y, Li H, Chen D. Silencing astrocyte elevated gene-1 attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and mucosal barrier injury in NCM460 cells by suppressing the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Cell Biol Int 2018; 43:56-64. [PMID: 30489008 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Peng
- Emergency Department; Jingmen No. 1 People's Hospital; No. 168 Xiangshan Road Jingmen Hubei Province 448000 China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery; Jingmen No. 1 People's Hospital; No. 168 Xiangshan Road Jingmen Hubei Province 448000 China
| | - Dandan Chen
- Department of General Surgery; Jingmen No. 1 People's Hospital; No. 168 Xiangshan Road Jingmen Hubei Province 448000 China
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18
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Jin H, Shi X, Zhao Y, Peng M, Kong Y, Qin D, Lv X. MicroRNA-30a Mediates Cell Migration and Invasion by Targeting Metadherin in Colorectal Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2018; 17:1533033818758108. [PMID: 29478367 PMCID: PMC5833214 DOI: 10.1177/1533033818758108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs play critical roles in the occurrence and progression in various cancers including colorectal cancer. Here, we found that microRNA-30a expression was significantly downregulated in colorectal cancer tissues compared to adjacent noncancerous tissues, and the suppression levels of microRNA-30a were significantly associated with tumor differentiation and lymph node metastasis. We also discovered that the expression level of microRNA-30a was inversely proportional to the invasive potential of several colorectal cancer cell lines. Moreover, overexpression of microRNA-30a in colorectal cancer cells inhibited activity of cell migration and invasion. Luciferase reporter assay confirmed metadherin could be a direct target of microRNA-30a, as the overexpression of microRNA-30a decreased metadherin expression at both the protein and messenger RNA levels. Furthermore, the knockdown of metadherin expression in SW620 significantly decreased cell metastasis and invasion. The upregulation of metadherin at the protein level negatively correlated with the expression of microRNA-30a in colorectal cancer tissues, and this upregulation could partially attenuate the effect induced by microRNA-30a. These findings indicate that microRNA-30a may act as a tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer and that microRNA-30a represses cell migration and invasion by decreasing metadherin, highlighting the therapeutic potential of microRNA-30a and metadherin in colorectal cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Jin
- 1 Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoqing Shi
- 2 Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yanteng Zhao
- 1 Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mengle Peng
- 3 Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yongkui Kong
- 1 Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Dongchun Qin
- 2 Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xianping Lv
- 1 Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Ge X, Sui X, Fang X, Jiang Y, Ding M, Liu X, Wang X. A Preliminary Study on Metadherin as a Potential Marker for Progression of Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2018; 22:481-486. [PMID: 30117777 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2018.0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To determine if Metadherin (MTDH) expression levels are positively correlated with the clinical stage of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) based on MTDH being highly expressed in other type of tumors including melanoma, malignant glioma, breast cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma. In this study, we investigated the pathologic significance of MTDH and its potential in predicting DLBCL outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Tissue samples from 50 patients with DLBCL and 22 patients with lymph node reactive hyperplasia were collected and evaluated using immunohistochemical staining, microscopy, and western blotting. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression model were used for survival analysis of patients. RESULTS Our results show that the overexpression of the MTDH protein in tissues was observed in 66% of patients with DLBCL, whereas it was not overexpressed in the patients with reactive hyperplastic lymph nodes. While there was no correlation between MTDH overexpression with age, sex, presence of B symptoms, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in patients with DLBCL, this parameter was positively correlated with clinical stages. Moreover, MTDH-negative patients had significantly better prognoses compared with the MTDH-positive patients. CONCLUSION Our preliminary study indicates that MTDH may play an important role in the development of DLBCL, and that MTDH overexpression is potentially associated with the clinical progression of DLBCL. In addition, high expression levels of MTDH in tissues was correlated with a poorer prognosis for patients with DLBCL. As such, MTDH may be a potential therapeutic target for specific therapy. However, research on a larger group of patients is needed to verify these preliminary results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Ge
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaohui Sui
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaosheng Fang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yujie Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mei Ding
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan, Shandong, China
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20
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Yu DP, Zhou Y. Astrocyte Elevated Gene 1 (AEG-1) Acts as a Promoter Gene in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Cell Growth and Metastasis. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:8213-8223. [PMID: 30431025 PMCID: PMC6253984 DOI: 10.12659/msm.911010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is usually incurable once it progresses to metastatic stage. Hence, in-depth investigations to reveal the precise molecular mechanisms behind the metastasis of ccRCC are required to improve the therapeutic outcome of ccRCC. Material/Methods The level of astrocyte elevated gene 1 (AEG-1) in ccRCC tissues and cell lines was determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay. The MTS, colony formation, wound-healing, and Transwell invasion assays were used to assess the role of AEG-1 in ccRCC cells growth, migration, and invasion in vitro, respectively. Xenograft model and lung metastasis models were constructed to analyze the functions of AEG-1 in ccRCC cells growth and metastasis in vivo. Result We found that AEG-1 was overexpressed in ccRCC and was associated with the progression of ccRCC. Knocked-down AEG-1 impaired the migration and invasion of ccRCC cells in vitro. Furthermore, under-expression of AEG-1 caused complete inhibition of ccRCC cells growth and metastasis in vivo. In contrast, overexpression of AEG-1 significantly increased the migration and invasion ability of ccRCC cells in vitro. Finally, we revealed that AEG-1 boosted the metastatic ability of ccRCC cells via regulating Notch homolog 1 (Notch1). Conclusions The AEG-1/Notch1 signaling axis plays a vital role in ccRCC cell growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Peng Yu
- Department of Surgical Urology, The First People's Hospital of Jining City, Jining, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Surgical Urology, Wenshang County's First People's Hospital, Wenshang, Shandong, China (mainland)
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21
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Yang L, Tian Y, Leong WS, Song H, Yang W, Wang M, Wang X, Kong J, Shan B, Song Z. Efficient and tumor-specific knockdown of MTDH gene attenuates paclitaxel resistance of breast cancer cells both in vivo and in vitro. Breast Cancer Res 2018; 20:113. [PMID: 30227879 PMCID: PMC6145322 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-1042-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Drug resistance of paclitaxel (TAX), the first-line chemotherapy drug for breast cancer, was reported to develop in 90% of patients with breast cancer, especially metastatic breast cancer. Investigating the mechanism of TAX resistance of breast cancer cells and developing the strategy improving its therapeutic efficiency are crucial to breast cancer cure. Methods and Results We here report an elegant nanoparticle (NP)-based technique that realizes efficient breast cancer treatment of TAX. Using lentiviral vector-mediated gene knockdown, we first demonstrated that TAX therapeutic efficiency was closely correlated with metadherin (MTDH) gene expression in breast cancer cell lines. This finding was also supported by efficacy of TAX treatment in breast cancer patients from our clinical studies. Specifically, TAX treatment became more effective when MTDH expression was decreased in MCF-7 cancer cells by the blocking nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. Based on these findings, we subsequently synthesized a polymeric NP that could co-deliver MTDH-small interfering RNA (MTDH–siRNA) and TAX into the breast cancer tumors in tumor-bearing mice. The NPs were composed of a cationic copolymer, which wrapped TAX in the inside and adsorbed the negatively charged siRNA on their surface with high drug-loading efficiency and good stability. Conclusions NP-based co-delivery approach can effectively knock down the MTDH gene both in vitro and in vivo, which dramatically inhibits breast tumor growth, achieving effective TAX chemotherapy treatment without overt side effects. This study provides a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of a wide range of solid tumors highly expressing MTDH. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13058-018-1042-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- Breast Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Yanhua Tian
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Wei Sun Leong
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Heng Song
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Breast Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Meiqi Wang
- Breast Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Xinle Wang
- Breast Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Jing Kong
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Baoen Shan
- Breast Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Zhengchuan Song
- Breast Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China.
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Li Q, Wang M, Wang N, Wang J, Qi L, Mao P. Downregulation of microRNA-216b contributes to glioma cell growth and migration by promoting AEG-1-mediated signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 104:420-426. [PMID: 29787989 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates microRNA-216b (miR-216b) plays an important role in the development and progression of various cancers. However, little is known about the function of miR-216b in gliomas. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression level and functional significance of miR-216b in gliomas. We found that miR-216b was significantly downregulated in glioma specimens and cell lines. Overexpression of miR-216b suppressed the growth and migration of glioma cells, while miR-216b inhibition showed the opposite effects. Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) was predicted as a potential target gene of miR-216b by bioinformatics analysis. A dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-216b could directly target the 3'-untranslated region of AEG-1. RT-qPCR and western blot analysis showed that miR-216 negatively regulated AEG-1 expression in glioma cells. Correlation analysis revealed an inverse correlation between miR-216b and AEG-1 in clinical glioma specimens. miR-216b also regulated the activation of nuclear factor-κB and Wnt signaling in glioma cells. Moreover, restoration of AEG-1 expression partially reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-216b overexpression on glioma cell growth and migration. Overall, these results revealed a tumor suppressive role of miR-216b in glioma tumorigenesis, and identified AEG-1 as a target gene of miR-216b action. Our study suggests that miR-216b can be potentially targeted for the development of novel therapies for gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Maode Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Lei Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Ping Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
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Yang J, Bo L, Han T, Ding D, Nie M, Yin K. Pathway- and clinical-factor-based risk model predicts the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. Mol Med Rep 2018. [PMID: 29532879 PMCID: PMC5928624 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) has a high incidence and mortality rate. If discovered late, GC tends to have a poor prognosis. Improvements in the prognostic accuracy of GC through combined analysis of multiple relevant genes and clinical factors may solve this problem. In the present study, GSE62254 (including 300 GC tissues), obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, was used as a training set, and the mRNA-sequencing data of GC (including 384 GC tissues) downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas database served as a validation set. Based on the t-test and Wilcoxon test, the significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained by screening the intersecting DEGs. The prognosis-associated genes and clinical factors were identified using Cox regression analysis in the R survival package. The optimal prognosis-associated pathways were examined using the Cox-proportional hazards (Cox-PH) model in the R penalized package. Finally, risk prediction models were constructed and validated using the Cox-PH model and the Kaplan-Meier method, respectively. There were a total of 382 significant DEGs, including 268 upregulated genes and 114 downregulated genes. A total of 50 prognosis-associated genes were identified, 16 optimal prognosis-associated pathways (including mitochondrial pathway and the tyrosine-protein kinase JAK-signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway, which involve caspase 7, phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 3, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and collagen triple helix repeat containing 1) and four prognosis-associated clinical factors [including Pathologic_N, Pathologic_stage, mutL homolog 1 (MLH1) mutation and recurrence]. The pathway- and clinical-factor-based risk prediction model exhibited marked prognostic accuracy. The clinical-factor-based risk prediction model with improved P-values for prognosis prediction may be superior to the pathway-based risk prediction model in predicting the prognosis of GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchi Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Lumin Bo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Ting Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Dan Ding
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Mingming Nie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Kai Yin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
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Liang Y, Fu D, Hu G. Metadherin: An emerging key regulator of the malignant progression of multiple cancers. Thorac Cancer 2018; 2:143-148. [PMID: 27755853 DOI: 10.1111/j.1759-7714.2011.00064.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We and others recently identified the gene metadherin (MTDH) as a functional driver in multiple aspects of cancer progression. It is overexpressed in cancer cells originating from a variety of tissues, partially due to DNA amplification of the chromosomal 8q22 region where this gene resides. The rapidly accumulated data from MTDH studies of the past several years have documented its role in tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, cell proliferation, survival, anchorage-independent growth, metastasis and chemoresistance. In particular, it simultaneously helps the primary tumor cells to survive conventional chemotherapy and spread to distant organs, both of which are major contributors to cancer therapy failure and ultimately patient death. The efforts to elucidate the molecular mechanism of MTDH functions led to observations indicating its involvement in several prominent cancer-related signaling pathways including Ras, c-Myc, PI3K/AKT, NF-κB, Wnt/β-catenin, and more recently, microRNA machinery. Herein we will briefly summarize the studies that establish MTDH as a promising target for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Liang
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Da Fu
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohong Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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25
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Liao Z, Li Y, Zhou Y, Huang Q, Dong J. MicroRNA-197 inhibits gastric cancer progression by directly targeting metadherin. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:602-611. [PMID: 29115517 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fifth most frequent malignancy and the fourth most common cause of cancer‑associated mortality worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small RNAs that regulate several cellular processes. In particular, a large number of miRNAs are involved in gastric cancer formation and progression. Thus, miRNAs may be considered as effective diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic methods for gastric cancer. The aim of the current study was to detect miRNA (miR)‑197 expression in gastric cancer and to investigate its biological role and associated mechanism in gastric cancer. In the present study, miR‑197 expression was demonstrated to be considerably downregulated in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines. Its low expression level was associated with tumour size, invasive depth, tumour‑node‑metastasis staging and lymph node metastasis. High expression of miR‑197 inhibited tumour cell proliferation and invasion in vitro. Subsequently, metadherin (MTDH) was identified as a direct target gene of miR‑197 in gastric cancer, and this was confirmed by bioinformatics analysis, Dual‑luciferase reporter assay, reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. MTDH expression was upregulated in gastric cancer and was inversely correlated with miR‑197 expression levels. In addition, MTDH overexpression prevented the proliferation and inhibited invasion induced by miR‑197 overexpression. In addition, miR‑197 was demonstrated to regulate the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/AKT signalling pathway in gastric cancer. The results of the present study suggested that miR‑197 serves a tumour‑suppressing role in human gastric carcinogenesis and progression by regulating the MTDH/PTEN/AKT signalling pathway. The miR‑197/MTDH axis may provide a novel effective therapeutic target for patients with gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Liao
- Department of General Surgery, Renhe Hospital, Shanghai 200431, P.R. China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of General Surgery, Renhe Hospital, Shanghai 200431, P.R. China
| | - Yuanhang Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Renhe Hospital, Shanghai 200431, P.R. China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Renhe Hospital, Shanghai 200431, P.R. China
| | - Jian Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Renhe Hospital, Shanghai 200431, P.R. China
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Ding Q, Chen Y, Dong S, Xu X, Liu J, Song P, Yu C, Ma Z. Astrocyte elevated gene-1 is overexpressed in non-small-cell lung cancer and associated with increased tumour angiogenesis. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2017; 26:395-401. [PMID: 29049797 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivx340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuping Ding
- Department of Surgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingrong Chen
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shunli Dong
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuting Xu
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Pathology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pengtao Song
- Department of Pathology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Caihua Yu
- Department of Surgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhihong Ma
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Ma Z, Chen Y, Dong S, Xu X, Liu J, Song P, Yu C, Dai L. AEG-1 mRNA expression in non-small cell lung cancer is associated with increased tumor angiogenesis. Pathol Res Pract 2017; 213:1257-1263. [PMID: 28941723 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Astrocyte-elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) is implicated in the oncogenesis and angiogenesis of various types of human malignant disease. However, the angiogenesis roles of AEG-1 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain to be further elucidated. In the present study, the expression level of AEG-1 mRNA in seven human lung cell lines and 89 paired tissue samples (tumor tissues (TTs) and pair-matched normal adjacent tissues (PMNATs)) from NSCLC patients was detected by real-time PCR. Staining of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and intratumoral microvessel density (iMVD, labeled by CD105) were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, cell migration and invasion were evaluated by wound healing assay and transwell assays. AEG-1 mRNA level was significantly higher in human lung cancer cells and TTs than that in human normal bronchial epithelial cell line 16HBE and PMNATs, respectively (P<0.001). Higher AEG-1 mRNA level in patients with NSCLC was correlated with clinical stages (P=0.028), differentiation (P=0.042), and lymph node metastasis (P=0.004). Moreover, Upregulated AEG-1 mRNA expression level was associated with higher tumor angiogenesis, reflected by the increase of VEGF expression and iMVD counting (P=0.021, P<0.001). However, 95D cell line transfected with AEG-1 siRNA oligos (siAEG-1) exhibited no significant decrease of cell invasion or migration capacities when compared with the control cells (P>0.05).These results suggested that AEG-1 may play important roles at the transcription level in malignant transformation and tumor angiogenesis in NSCLC, and anti-AEG-1 mRNA expression may be a novel potential strategy for anti-angiogenic therapy of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Ma
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingrong Chen
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shunli Dong
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuting Xu
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Pathology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pengtao Song
- Department of Pathology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Caihua Yu
- Department of Surgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Licheng Dai
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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28
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Post-trimodality expression levels of metadherin (MTDH) as a prognostic biomarker for esophageal adenocarcinoma patients. Med Oncol 2017; 34:135. [PMID: 28685276 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-017-0994-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Resectable esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) patients often receive chemoradiation followed by surgery. However, most patients experience recurrences. Overexpression of MTDH, an oncoprotein with multiple functions, has been found to be associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer, glioblastoma, melanoma and various gastrointestinal malignancies, but not in EAC. We sought to establish its role in resistant EAC (post-treatment residual EAC). MTDH was assessed by immunohistochemistry in resected EAC, and results were correlated with clinical outcomes. MTDH expression was detectable in 72.5% (50/69) of patients, while expression levels were high (positive) in 50.7% (35/69). Of 69 patients analyzed, 25 had no relapse and 44 patients had a relapse (8 with local-regional and 36 with distant). The median follow-up duration was 3 years (0.4-11.6). The median overall survival was not associated with MTDH status (2.79 years for MTDH-negative and 3.60 years for MTDH-positive patients, p = 0.121). In addition, MTDH was not associated with either the type of relapse (local or distant), baseline clinical stage, tumor grade, presence of signet ring cells, surgical (yp) stage, percentage of residual EAC or presence of lymphovascular invasion. Our data reveal that MTDH is not a prognostic biomarker in resistant EAC after trimodality therapy.
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29
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Wu S, Yang L, Wu D, Gao Z, Li P, Huang W, Wang X. AEG-1 induces gastric cancer metastasis by upregulation of eIF4E expression. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:3481-3493. [PMID: 28661037 PMCID: PMC5706588 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and patients with lymph node, peritoneal and distant metastasis have a poor prognosis. Overexpression of Astrocyte-elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) has been reported to be correlated with the progression and metastasis of gastric cancer. However, its mechanisms are quite unclear. In this study, we found that elevated expression of AEG-1 was correlated with metastasis in human gastric cancer tissues. Moreover, gain- or loss-of-function of AEG-1, respectively, promoted or suppressed epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells. AEG-1 positively regulated eIF4E, MMP-9 and Twist expression. Manipulating eIF4E expression by transfection of overexpression constructs or siRNAs partially eliminated AEG-1-regulated EMT, cell migration and invasion. In addition, overexpression or knockdown of eIF4E promoted or suppressed EMT, cell migration and invasion in parallel with upregulation of MMP-9 and Twist expression, while manipulating eIF4E expression partially abrogated AEG-1-induced MMP-9 and Twist. Finally, silencing of AEG-1 expression not only inhibited tumour growth in parallel with downregulation of eIF4E, MMP-9 and Twist expression in a xenograft nude mouse model, but also suppressed lymph node and peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer in an orthotopic nude mouse model. These findings suggest that AEG-1 promotes gastric cancer metastasis through upregulation of eIF4E-mediated MMP-9 and Twist, which provides new diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Medical Oncology and Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dandan Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Basic Medicine, Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhongyuan Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenbin Huang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Nanjing Hospital (Nanjing First Hospital), Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuerong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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30
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Qi D, Lin H, Gao Y, Lin J, Hu LT, Zhao GQ. The expressions of metadherin and LEF-1 in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of ocular adnexal. Int J Ophthalmol 2017; 10:705-710. [PMID: 28546924 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2017.05.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the expressions of metadherin (astrocyte elevated gene-1, AEG-1) and lymphoid enhancer-binding factor-1 (LEF-1) in ocular adnexal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. METHODS The expressions of AEG-1 and LEF-1 were detected on specimens harvested from patients suffering from MALT lymphoma and lymphadenosis of ocular adnexal in Ophthalmology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from 2000 to 2015 by immunohistochemical and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. RESULTS AEG-1 and LEF-1 expressions in MALT lymphoma was respectively higher than that in lymphadenosis, both by immunohistochemical and PCR analysis (P<0.05). Diversity of AEG-1 and LEF-1 expressions in different Ann Arbor clinical stages showed a statistically significant result (P<0.05). A positive relevance between AEG-1 and LEF-1 was observed in MALT ocular adnexal lymphoma (r=0.435, P=0.016). CONCLUSION The over expressions of AEG-1 and LEF-1 at the level of protein and mRNA participates in the tumorigenesis of ocular adnexal MALT lymphoma. They should act as a new biological marker for pathological diagnosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Qi
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hong Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Li-Ting Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Gui-Qiu Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
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31
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Yin X, Feng H. Roles of AEG-1 in CNS neurons and astrocytes during noncancerous processes. J Neurosci Res 2017; 95:2086-2090. [PMID: 28370184 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Yin
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center; First Hospital of Jilin University; Changchun People's Republic of China
| | - Honglin Feng
- Department of Neurology; First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Harbin People's Republic of China
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Qian B, Yao Y, Liu C, Zhang J, Chen H, Li H. SU6668 modulates prostate cancer progression by downregulating MTDH/AKT signaling pathway. Int J Oncol 2017; 50:1601-1611. [PMID: 28339027 PMCID: PMC5403372 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.3926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths among men in Western counties and has increased in incidence also in China in recent years. Although diagnosis modalities for primary prostate cancer have markedly improved, there are still no effective therapies for metastatic prostate cancer. SU6668 is an inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase activity of three angiogenic receptors VEGFR2, PDGFRβ and FGFR1. There is strong experimental evidence that SU6668 can induce growth inhibition of various primary tumors. However, the function and molecular mechanism of SU6668 in prostate cancer has not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we found that SU6668 inhibited the proliferation and invasion of prostate cancer cells. Functional studies also demonstrated that SU6668 inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition in DU145 and LNCap cells. After treatment with SU6668, MTDH protein, which has been reported to be significantly overexpressed in many human tumor tissues, was downregulated in DU145 and LNCap cells. siRNA-mediated silencing of MTDH in prostate cancer cells decreased their proliferation and invasive capabilities, suggesting that SU6668 may inhibit cell proliferation and invasion of prostate cancer cells partly through downstream targeting of MTDH. Mechanistic investigations showed that AKT signaling pathway was inhibited after SU6668 treatment in prostate cancer cells. Moreover, a combination of SU6668 and PI3K-AKT pathway inhibitor LY29004 resulted in increased inhibition of cell proliferation and invasion in DU145 cells. Taken together, our findings revealed that SU6668 suppressed prostate cancer progression by downregulating MTDH/AKT signaling pathway and identified a promising therapeutic strategy for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjiang Qian
- Institute of Ningde Urological Research and Department of Urology, Affiliated Mindong Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fu'an, Fujian 355000, P.R. China
| | - Yi Yao
- Institute of Ningde Urological Research and Department of Urology, Affiliated Mindong Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fu'an, Fujian 355000, P.R. China
| | - Changming Liu
- Institute of Ningde Urological Research and Department of Urology, Affiliated Mindong Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fu'an, Fujian 355000, P.R. China
| | - Jiabing Zhang
- Institute of Ningde Urological Research and Department of Urology, Affiliated Mindong Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fu'an, Fujian 355000, P.R. China
| | - Huihong Chen
- Institute of Ningde Urological Research and Department of Urology, Affiliated Mindong Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fu'an, Fujian 355000, P.R. China
| | - Huizhang Li
- Institute of Ningde Urological Research and Department of Urology, Affiliated Mindong Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fu'an, Fujian 355000, P.R. China
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33
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Wang J, Chen X, Tong M. Knockdown of astrocyte elevated gene-1 inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis and suppressed invasion in ovarian cancer cells. Gene 2017; 616:8-15. [PMID: 28323000 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence has demonstrated that AEG-1 (astrocyte elevated gene-1) plays a pivotal oncogenic role in tumorigenesis. However, the molecular mechanism by which AEG-1 exerts its oncogenic function is elusive in ovarian cancer. To explore the role and molecular insight on AEG-1-mediated tumorigenesis in ovarian cancer, multiple approaches are performed including MTT assay, flow cytometry for apoptosis and cell cycle assay, gene transfection, real-time RT-PCR, Western blotting, and Transwell assay. Our MTT assay showed that knockdown of AEG-1 by its siRNA significantly inhibited cell growth in ovarian cancer cells. Moreover, AEG-1 siRNA treatment induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and triggered cell apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. Notably, inhibition of AEG-1 suppressed cell migration and invasion in ovarian cancer cells. Intriguingly, we identified that knockdown of AEG-1 remarkably inhibited the activation of Akt pathway. Our results also validated that knockdown of AEG-1 inhibited the expression of MMP-2 and VEGF, which could lead to inhibition of cell migration and invasion. These data suggest that AEG-1 could be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiewen Wang
- Dept of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Dept of Liver Disease, The Fifth Hospital of Bengbu, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Maoqing Tong
- Dept of Cardiology, The Affiliated Ningbo First Hospital, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
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Wu N, Huang Y, Zou Z, Gimenez-Capitan A, Yu L, Hu W, Zhu L, Sun X, Sanchez JJ, Guan W, Liu B, Rosell R, Wei J. High BIM mRNA levels are associated with longer survival in advanced gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:1826-1834. [PMID: 28454330 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy drugs, including 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), oxaliplatin and docetaxel, are commonly used in the treatment of gastric cancer (GC). Apoptosis-relevant genes may be associated with drug resistance. In the present study, the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of B-cell lymphoma 2 interacting mediator of cell death (BIM), astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) and AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (AXL) were investigated in 131 advanced GC samples, and the expression levels of these genes were correlated with patients' overall survival (OS). All 131 patients received first-line FOLFOX combination chemotherapy with folinic acid and 5-FU, in which 56 patients were further treated with second-line docetaxel-based chemotherapy. A correlation between the mRNA expression levels of BIM and AEG-1 was observed (rs=0.30; P=0.002). There was no association between the mRNA expression levels of any of the individual genes analyzed and OS in patients only receiving first-line FOLFOX chemotherapy. In a subgroup of patients receiving docetaxel-based second-line chemotherapy, those with high or intermediate levels of BIM exhibited a median OS of 18.2 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 12.8-23.6], compared with 9.6 months (95% CI, 8.9-10.3) in patients with low BIM levels (P=0.008). However, there was no correlation between the mRNA expression levels of AEG-1 or AXL and OS. The risk of mortality was higher in patients with low BIM mRNA levels than in those with high or intermediate BIM mRNA levels (hazard ratio, 2.61; 95% CI, 1.21-5.62; P=0.010). Therefore, BIM may be considered as a biomarker to identify whether patients could benefit from docetaxel-based second-line chemotherapy in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandie Wu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Medical School of Nanjing University, Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Ying Huang
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Medical School of Nanjing University, Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Zhengyun Zou
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Medical School of Nanjing University, Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Ana Gimenez-Capitan
- Pangaea Biotech, Department of Oncology, USP Dexeus University Institute, Barcelona 08001, Spain
| | - Lixia Yu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Medical School of Nanjing University, Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Wenjing Hu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Medical School of Nanjing University, Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Lijing Zhu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Medical School of Nanjing University, Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Xia Sun
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Medical School of Nanjing University, Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Jose Javier Sanchez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid 28001, Spain
| | - Wenxian Guan
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Baorui Liu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Medical School of Nanjing University, Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Rafael Rosell
- Pangaea Biotech, Department of Oncology, USP Dexeus University Institute, Barcelona 08001, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain
| | - Jia Wei
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Medical School of Nanjing University, Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
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Vartak-Sharma N, Nooka S, Ghorpade A. Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) and the A(E)Ging HIV/AIDS-HAND. Prog Neurobiol 2016; 157:133-157. [PMID: 27090750 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent attempts to analyze human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-induced gene expression changes in astrocytes uncovered a multifunctional oncogene, astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1). Our previous studies revealed that AEG-1 regulates reactive astrocytes proliferation, migration and inflammation, hallmarks of aging and CNS injury. Moreover, the involvement of AEG-1 in neurodegenerative disorders, such as Huntington's disease and migraine, and its induction in the aged brain suggest a plausible role in regulating overall CNS homeostasis and aging. Therefore, it is important to investigate AEG-1 specifically in aging-associated cognitive decline. In this study, we decipher the common mechanistic links in cancer, aging and HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorders that likely contribute to AEG-1-based regulation of astrocyte responses and function. Despite AEG-1 incorporation into HIV-1 virions and its induction by HIV-1, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β, the specific role(s) of AEG-1 in astrocyte-driven HIV-1 neuropathogenesis are incompletely defined. We propose that AEG-1 plays a central role in a multitude of cellular stress responses involving mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and the nucleolus. It is thus important to further investigate AEG-1-based cellular and molecular regulation in order to successfully develop better therapeutic approaches that target AEG-1 to combat cancer, HIV-1 and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Vartak-Sharma
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, 76107-2699, USA; Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Japan; Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore, India
| | - Shruthi Nooka
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, 76107-2699, USA
| | - Anuja Ghorpade
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, 76107-2699, USA.
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Luo Y, Zhang X, Tan Z, Wu P, Xiang X, Dang Y, Chen G. Astrocyte Elevated Gene-1 as a Novel Clinicopathological and Prognostic Biomarker for Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Meta-Analysis with 2999 Patients. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145659. [PMID: 26710214 PMCID: PMC4692396 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There have been numerous articles as to whether the staining index (SI) of astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) adversely affects clinical progression and prognosis of gastrointestinal cancers. Nevertheless, controversy still exists in terms of correlations between AEG-1 SI and clinicopathological parameters including survival data. Consequently, we conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis to confirm the role of AEG-1 in clinical outcomes of gastrointestinal carcinoma patients. METHODS We performed a comprehensive search in PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang and Chinese VIP databases. STATA 12.0 (STATA Corp., College, TX) was used to analyze the data extracted from suitable studies and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was applied to assess the quality of included articles. RESULTS The current meta-analysis included 2999 patients and our results suggested that strong associations emerged between AEG-1 SI and histological differentiation (OR = 2.129, 95%CI: 1.377-3.290, P = 0.001), tumor (T) classification (OR = 2.272, 95%CI: 1.147-4.502, P = 0.019), lymph node (N) classification (OR = 2.696, 95%CI: 2.178-3.337, P<0.001) and metastasis (M) classification (OR = 3.731, 95%CI: 2.167-6.426, P<0.001). Furthermore, high AEG-1 SI was significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS) (HR = 2.369, 95%CI: 2.005-2.800, P<0.001) and deteriorated disease-free survival (DFS) (HR = 1.538, 95%CI: 1.171-2.020, P = 0.002). For disease-specific survival (DSS) and relapse-free survival (RFS), no statistically significant results were observed (HR = 1.573, 95%CI: 0.761-3.250, P = 0.222; HR = 1.432, 95%CI: 0.108-19.085, P = 0.786). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that high AEG-1 SI was significantly related to poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) (HR = 1.715, 95%CI: 1.211-2.410, P = 0.002), gastric carcinoma (GC) (HR = 2.255, 95%CI: 1.547-3.288, P<0.001), colorectal carcinoma (CRC) (HR = 2.922, 95%CI: 1.921-4.444, P<0.001), gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) (HR = 3.047, 95%CI: 1.685-5.509, P<0.001), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (HR = 2.245, 95%CI: 1.620-3.113, P<0.001), pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) (HR = 2.408, 95%CI: 1.625-3.568, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The current meta-analysis indicated that high AEG-1 SI might be associated with tumor progression and poor survival status in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. AEG-1 might play a vital role in promoting tumor aggression and could serve as a potential target for molecular treatments. Further clinical trials are needed to validate whether AEG-1 SI provides valuable insights into improving treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihuan Luo
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhong Tan
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peirong Wu
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuelian Xiang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiwu Dang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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Astrocyte elevated gene-1 promotes progression of cervical squamous cell carcinoma by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition via Wnt signaling. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2015; 25:345-55. [PMID: 25695541 DOI: 10.1097/igc.0000000000000381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the association of astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) with epithelial-mesenchymal transition of cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS The expression of proteins was determined by immunohistochemistry in tissues. Overexpression and knockdown of AEG-1 in SiHa cells were achieved by stable AEG-1 gene transfection (SiHa-AEG-1+) and AEG-1-siRNA (SiHa-AEG-1-), respectively. The cellular levels of messenger RNA and proteins were assessed with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. The cell invasion capacity was assessed by the chamber invasion assay. RESULTS AEG-1 was overexpressed in clinical CSCC and associated with lymph node metastasis, parametrial involvement, stromal invasion, and vascular invasion. A high level of vimentin and a low level of E-cadherin were also detected in the cancer tissues. AEG-1 expression was positively correlated with vimentin expression and negatively with E-cadherin expression in CSCC tissues. In addition, high level of AEG-1 was related to unfavorable prognosis of CSCC. On a cellular level, overexpression of AEG-1 was found to lead to an up-regulation of vimentin and a down-regulation of E-cadherin on messenger RNA and protein level in SiHa cells, whereas AEG-1 knockdown led to a contrary result. Meanwhile, the nuclear levels of NF-κB p65 and β-catenin were also increased in SiHa-AEG-1+, whereas their nuclear levels were decreased in SiHa-AEG-1-. Inhibition of Wnt signaling significantly reduced vimentin level and enhanced E-cadherin level in SiHa-AEG+, but inhibition of NF-κB signaling did not. SiHa-AEG-1+ and SiHa-AEG- showed an enhanced and a decreased invasive capacity, respectively. The enhanced invasiveness of SiHa-AEG-1+ was weakened by inhibition of Wnt signaling. CONCLUSIONS AEG-1 was associated with the progression of CSCC by promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition via Wnt signaling pathway.
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Lu S, Xu J, Xu X, Hu S, Li B, Li W. The expression of astrocyte elevated gene-1 in human non-small-cell lung cancer and its relationship with postoperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Histopathology 2015; 67:817-26. [PMID: 25913216 DOI: 10.1111/his.12720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To examine the expression of astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and analyse the correlation between AEG-1 expression and the prognosis of the patients, particularly the relationship between AEG-1 expression and postoperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy. METHODS The expression of AEG-1 was analysed by immunohistochemistry in 225 primary NSCLC specimens and 42 adjacent normal lung tissue specimens. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the correlation between AEG-1 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of the patients as well as the predictive value of AEG-1. RESULTS The expression of AEG-1 was associated with the pathological stage (P < 0.001) and lymph node status (P = 0.028). A multivariate analysis indicated that AEG-1 expression was an independent prognostic factor for both overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). In the postoperative chemotherapy group, the OS (P = 0.014) and DFS (P = 0.009) in the low AEG-1 expression group were longer than the survival times in the high AEG-1 expression group. In the postoperative radiotherapy group, the local recurrence-free survival was significantly shorter in patients whose tumours showed high AEG-1 expression (P = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS AEG-1 expression could be a predictor for OS and DFS in NSCLC patients. Patients with low AEG-1 expression received the greatest benefit from both postoperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jianyu Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiangying Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Songliu Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenxin Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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ZHU HAIDAN, LIAO JIAZHI, HE XINGXING, LI PEIYUAN. The emerging role of astrocyte-elevated gene-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (Review). Oncol Rep 2015; 34:539-46. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Song Z, Wang Y, Li C, Zhang D, Wang X. Molecular Modification of Metadherin/MTDH Impacts the Sensitivity of Breast Cancer to Doxorubicin. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127599. [PMID: 25993398 PMCID: PMC4437901 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is a leading cause of death in women and with an increasing worldwide incidence. Doxorubicin, as a first-line anthracycline-based drug is conventional used on breast cancer clinical chemotherapy. However, the drug resistances limited the curative effect of the doxorubicin therapy in breast cancer patients, but the molecular mechanism determinants of breast cancer resistance to doxorubicin chemotherapy are not fully understood. In order to explore the association between metadherin (MTDH) and doxorubicin sensitivity, the differential expressions of MTDH in breast cancer cell lines and the sensitivity to doxorubicin of breast cancer cell lines were investigated. METHODS The mRNA and protein expression of MTDH were determined by real-time PCR and Western blot in breast cancer cells such as MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, MDA-MB-435S, MCF-7/ADR cells. Once MTDH gene was knocked down by siRNA in MCF-7/ADR cells and overexpressed by MTDH plasmid transfection in MDA-MB-231 cells, the cell growth and therapeutic sensitivity of doxorubicin were evaluated using MTT and the Cell cycle assay and apoptosis rate was determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS MCF-7/ADR cells revealed highly expressed MTDH and MDA-MB-231 cells had the lowest expression of MTDH. After MTDH gene was knocked down, the cell proliferation was inhibited, and the inhibitory rate of cell growth and apoptosis rate were enhanced, and the cell cycle arrest during the G0/G1 phase in the presence of doxorubicin treatment. On the other hand, the opposite results were observed in MDA-MB-231 cells with overexpressed MTDH gene. CONCLUSION MTDH gene plays a promoting role in the proliferation of breast cancer cells and its high expression may be associated with doxorubicin sensitivity of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenchuan Song
- Department of Breast Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University No. 169 Tian Shan Street, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Breast Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University No. 169 Tian Shan Street, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Breast Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University No. 169 Tian Shan Street, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Donghong Zhang
- Department of Breast Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University No. 169 Tian Shan Street, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Xinle Wang
- Department of Breast Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University No. 169 Tian Shan Street, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
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Jung HI, Ahn T, Bae SH, Chung JC, Kim H, Chin S, Jeong D, Cho HD, Lee MS, Kim HC, Kim CH, Baek MJ. Astrocyte elevated gene-1 overexpression in hepatocellular carcinoma: an independent prognostic factor. Ann Surg Treat Res 2015; 88:77-85. [PMID: 25692118 PMCID: PMC4325651 DOI: 10.4174/astr.2015.88.2.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) plays important roles in tumorigenesis such as proliferation, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and chemoresistance. We examined the expression of AEG-1 in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS Eighty-five samples were collected from patients with HCC who underwent surgery and were histopathologically confirmed to have HCC. Two independent pathologists, experienced in evaluating immunohistochemistry and blinded to the clinical outcomes of the patients, reviewed all samples. They determined AEG-1 expression semiquantitatively by assessing the percentage of positively stained immunoreactive cells and staining intensity. Clinicopathological data were analyzed in association with prognosis. RESULTS The association was estimated by univariate and multivariate analyses with Cox regression. Tumor size (hazard ratio [HR], 2.285; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.175-4.447; P = 0.015), microvascular invasion (HR, 6.754; 95% CI, 1.631-27.965; P = 0.008), and AEG-1 expression (HR, 4.756; 95% CI, 1.697-13.329; P = 0.003) were independent prognostic factors for overall survival. Those for disease-free survival rate were tumor size (HR, 2.245; 95% CI, 1.282-3.933; P = 0.005) and AEG-1 expression (HR, 1.916; 95% CI, 1.035-3.545; P = 0.038). The cumulative 5-year survival and recurrence rates were 89.2% and 50.0% in the low-expressing group and 24.5% and 82.4% in the high-expressing group, respectively. CONCLUSION The results suggest that AEG-1 overexpression could serve as a valuable prognostic marker in patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Il Jung
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Taesung Ahn
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Sang Ho Bae
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jun Chul Chung
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Hyungjoo Kim
- Department of Medical Science Research Institute, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Susie Chin
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Dongjun Jeong
- Department of Medical Science Research Institute, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hyon Doek Cho
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Moon Soo Lee
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hyung Chul Kim
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Chang Ho Kim
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Moo-Jun Baek
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
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Metadherin contributes to the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia partially through Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Med Oncol 2015; 32:479. [PMID: 25575438 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0479-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Metadherin (MTDH) is involved in aberrant proliferation, migration, and chemoresistance of tumor cells. It has been demonstrated that it can promote tumor growth by modulation multiple oncogenic signaling pathways. However, MTDH expression, significance, and related mechanism in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are still unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of MTDH in CLL and the involvement of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in MTDH effects. Overexpression of MTDH mRNAs was seen in CLL samples. MTDH expression was associated with Rai stage classification of CLL, and altered levels of β2-MG and lactate dehydrogenase in serum samples from patients. Overexpression of MTDH protein was seen in 87 % of CLL samples. Specific siRNAs inhibited MEC-1 cell growth and enhanced cell apoptosis (P < 0.05). Inhibition of MTDH expression resulted in decreased expression levels of lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF-1), and its downstream target genes c-myc and cyclin D1. And there was a strong correlation between MTDH and LEF-1 protein expression in 14 patients with CLL. The results demonstrate that MTDH is specifically expressed in B cell of CLL and exert a preservative role through activation of Wnt signaling pathway. Our findings indicated that MTDH may be a potential therapeutic target of CLL.
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Zhou B, Yang J, Shu B, Liu K, Xue L, Su N, Liu J, Xi T. Overexpression of astrocyte-elevated gene-1 is associated with ovarian cancer development and progression. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:2981-90. [PMID: 25483832 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.3056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
It has previously been reported that astrocyte‑elevated gene‑1 (AEG‑1) has a critical role in the regulation of tumor development, and/or progression. However, the functional significance of AEG‑1 in human ovarian cancer remains unclear. The present study conducted an immunohistochemical analysis of ovarian tissues, and the association between AEG‑1 protein expression, clinicopathological features and outcomes were investigated. The gain or loss of AEG‑1 function was also examined, through exogenous overexpression or knockdown of expression by small interfering RNA, in ovarian cancer cells. Normal ovarian tissue exhibited very little or no AEG‑1 immunoreactivity, whereas high expression levels of AEG‑1 were detected in 12.7% of cystadenomas, 30.0% of borderline tumors, and 71.2% of ovarian carcinomas, respectively, as determined by immunohistochemistry. Statistical analyses demonstrated a significant correlation of AEG‑1 expression with differentiation (P=0.001), lymph node metastasis (P=0.008) and clinical staging (P=0.002). In addition, the overall survival time of patients with higher AEG‑1 expression levels was markedly shorter, as compared with patients with lower expression levels of AEG‑1 (P=0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated that AEG‑1 expression was an independent prognostic indicator of the survival of patients with ovarian cancer. Furthermore, exogenous overexpression of AEG‑1 in ovarian cancer cells was shown to significantly enhance cell proliferation, adhesion and invasion. Conversely, silencing AEG‑1 expression caused an inhibition of cell growth, adhesion and invasion. The results of the present study indicate that AEG‑1 is a valuable biomarker for the prediction of ovarian cancer prognosis, and AEG‑1 inhibition may be a potential therapeutic strategy for ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Jue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Bin Shu
- Department of Toxicology, Jiangsu Center of Safety Evaluation for Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Kunmei Liu
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, School of Laboratory Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Lezhen Xue
- Department of Toxicology, Jiangsu Center of Safety Evaluation for Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Ning Su
- Department of Toxicology, Jiangsu Center of Safety Evaluation for Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Toxicology, Jiangsu Center of Safety Evaluation for Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Tao Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
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Shen X, Si Y, Yang Z, Wang Q, Yuan J, Zhang X. MicroRNA-542-3p suppresses cell growth of gastric cancer cells via targeting oncogene astrocyte-elevated gene-1. Med Oncol 2014; 32:361. [PMID: 25432696 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0361-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been suggested to play critical roles in tumorigenesis as well as in the development of therapies for the treatment of cancers. However, the tumor-associated miRNAs in gastric cancers remain poorly understood. Here, we report on miR-542-3p in gastric cancers, which has been widely studied in other cancers as a tumor suppressor. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis demonstrated that miR-542-3p was significantly down-regulated in gastric cancer tissues (p < 0.0001) and cell lines (p < 0.001). Overexpression of miR-542-3p significantly inhibited cell growth of gastric cancer cells both in vitro (p < 0.01) and in vivo (p < 0.01). Notably, overexpression of miR-542-3p apparently reduced the protein expression of astrocyte-elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) (p < 0.01). The dual-luciferase reporter assay validated that miR-542-3p directly bound the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of AEG-1, which could be abolished by mutation of the predicted miR-542-3p binding site. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-542-3p markedly inhibited the activation of oncogenic signaling pathways including the Akt, β-catenin and nuclear factor-κB pathways. Additionally, overexpression of AEG-1 without the 3'-UTR partially reversed the cell growth arrest induced by miR-542-3p overexpression in gastric cancer cells (p < 0.05). Taken together, these data suggest that miR-542-3p might function as a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer, potentially by targeting the oncogene AEG-1, implying a potential role for miR-542-3p in the development of therapeutic methods for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinsheng Shen
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
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Dong L, Qin S, Li Y, Zhao L, Dong S, Wang Y, Zhang C, Han S. High expression of astrocyte elevated gene-1 is associated with clinical staging, metastasis, and unfavorable prognosis in gastric carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2014; 36:2169-78. [PMID: 25407490 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2827-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
More and more evidence has demonstrated that astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) is tightly associated with progression, metastasis, and unfavorable prognosis in many malignancies. However, the potential biological role of AEG-1 in gastric carcinoma (GC) has not been thoroughly delineated. In the current study, we found that AEG-1 mRNA and protein levels in GC tissues were significantly higher than those in normal gastric mucosa (P < 0.05). Simultaneously, statistical analysis displayed a significant correlation of high AEG-1 mRNA and protein expressions with differentiation status, TNM staging, invasive depth, and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). Most importantly, expressions of AEG-1 mRNA and protein in high clinical staging and metastatic GC tissues were dramatically higher than those in low clinical staging and non-metastatic GC tissues (P < 0.05). Stepwise investigation confirmed that the survival time of the patients with high AEG-1 level was shorter than those with low AEG-1 level or negative AEG-1 staining. Taken altogether, our data presented herein suggest that AEG-1 may be a novel predictor for metastasis and prognosis of the patients with GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangpeng Dong
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, Henan, 453100, China
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Li G, Xu J, Wang Z, Yuan Y, Li Y, Cai S, He Y. Low expression of SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 is a poor prognostic indicator for gastric cancer patients. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2014; 141:443-52. [PMID: 25261987 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-014-1838-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Inflammation plays an important role in gastric cancer (GC) development and progression. Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)-1 and SOCS-3 negatively regulate proinflammatory cytokine signaling; however, their prognostic significance in GC remains unknown. We evaluated the clinicopathological correlation and prognostic significance of SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 in GC. METHODS SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 mRNA levels were analyzed in 80 paired gastric tumor and adjacent normal mucosal tissues using a microarray dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to investigate the prognostic impact of SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 immunohistochemical expression on overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) in 186 consecutive GC patients who underwent curative surgery. RESULTS SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 mRNA expression levels were lower in gastric tumor tissues than in matched normal mucosa. OS and RFS were significantly longer in the high SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 expression groups than in their corresponding low expression groups (p < 0.05). High simultaneous SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 expression were associated with longer OS compared with low simultaneous SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 expression (68.8 vs. 22.2 months; p < 0.001). SOCS-1 [hazards ratio (HR) 0.54, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.33-0.87, p = 0.011] and SOCS-3 (HR 0.46, 95 % CI 0.26-0.80, p = 0.006) were independent prognostic factors for OS. Only SOCS-1 (HR 0.20, 95 % CI 0.11-0.38, p = 0.006) was an independent prognostic factor for RFS. CONCLUSION Low SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 expression are poor prognostic indicators in GC. GC patients with low SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 expression need close follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghua Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan 2nd Street, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
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Expression of astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) in human meningiomas and its roles in cell proliferation and survival. J Neurooncol 2014; 121:31-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s11060-014-1603-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Li G, Wang Z, Ye J, Zhang X, Wu H, Peng J, Song W, Chen C, Cai S, He Y, Xu J. Uncontrolled inflammation induced by AEG-1 promotes gastric cancer and poor prognosis. Cancer Res 2014; 74:5541-52. [PMID: 25092897 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-0968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Helicobacter pylori infection plays an important role in the development and progression of gastric cancer. The expression of astrocyte-elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) is increased in gastric cancer tissues, thereby contributing to the inflammatory response. We investigated whether and how AEG-1 regulated proinflammatory signaling in gastric cancer cells. We used human gastric cancer cell lines and athymic nude mice to investigate the role of AEG-1 in the regulation of the TLR4/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway and cancer invasion and compared the expression of AEG-1 and related proteins in 93 patients with gastric cancer by immunohistochemistry. In human gastric cancer cells, both AEG-1 and TLR4 could be induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. AEG-1 was upregulated via LPS-TLR4 signaling and in turn promoted nuclear translocation of the NF-κB p65 subunit. At the same time, AEG-1 overexpression decreased the levels of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) protein SOCS-1, a negative regulator of the TLR4 pathway. Furthermore, nude mice engrafted with AEG-1/TLR4-expressing cells demonstrated larger tumor volumes than control animals. In patients with gastric cancer, the expression of AEG-1 correlated with that of TLR4, SOCS-1, and NF-κB and was higher in tumors compared with noncancerous adjacent tissues. Overall survival in patients with gastric cancer with simultaneous expression of AEG-1 and TLR4 was poor. Our results demonstrate that AEG-1 can promote gastric cancer progression by a positive feedback TLR4/NF-κB signaling-related mechanism, thus providing new mechanistic explanation for the role of inflammation in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghua Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinning Ye
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Peng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wu Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuangqi Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shirong Cai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulong He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianbo Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Casimiro S, Fernandes A, Oliveira AG, Franco M, Pires R, Peres M, Matias M, Tato-Costa J, Guerra N, Ramos M, Cruz J, Costa L. Metadherin expression and lung relapse in patients with colorectal carcinoma. Clin Exp Metastasis 2014; 31:689-96. [PMID: 24946951 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-014-9659-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignant disease in men and the second in women worldwide. CRC relapse occurs mostly in liver and lungs, decreasing the 5-year survival to 6 %. Metadherin (MTDH) is overexpressed in several types of cancer, has been implicated in proliferation, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and chemoresistance, and is a factor of poor prognosis in CRC. In this work we addressed the prognostic significance of MTDH expression in CRC progression to the lungs. We found that MTDH gene was more frequently amplified (copy number >1.8) in patients with CRC and relapse to the lung, when compared to patients without lung metastases (17.4 vs 100 %; p < 0.001). We observed a correlation between MTDH gene copy number and MTDH expression by IHC (p = 0.0001). Next we also analyzed MTDH expression by IHC in samples from 85 patients diagnosed with CRC, stage II or III, M0, with at least 3 years of follow-up. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that lung relapse-free survival (HR 5.29, 95 % CI 1.90-14.77, p = 0.0004), liver relapse-free survival (HR 8.59, 95 % CI 0.99-74.18, p = 0.003), relapse-free survival (HR 4.85, 95 % CI 1.88-12.45, p = 0.0003) and overall survival (HR 3.75, 95 % CI 1.15-12.18, p = 0.018) were significantly lower in the group with high MTDH expression. Multivariate analysis showed that high MTDH expression was an independent factor for all outcomes. This study demonstrates that high MTDH expression is a biomarker of relapse in CRC, including lung-specific relapse. Determination of MTDH expression in primary CRC may be useful in the earlier detection of lung metastases in patients with high expression and increased risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Casimiro
- Luis Costa Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Ed. Egas Moniz, Room P3A5, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisbon, Portugal,
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Huang Y, Li LEP. Progress of cancer research on astrocyte elevated gene-1/Metadherin (Review). Oncol Lett 2014; 8:493-501. [PMID: 25009642 PMCID: PMC4081432 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor development is initiated by an accumulation of numerous genetic and epigenetic alterations that promote tumor initiation, invasion and metastasis. Astrocyte elevated gene-1 [AEG-1; also known as Metadherin (MTDH) and Lysine-rich CEACAM1 co-isolated (LYRIC)] has emerged in recent years as a potentially crucial mediator of tumor malignancy, and a key converging point of a complex network of oncogenic signaling pathways. AEG-1/MTDH has a multifunctional role in tumor development that has been found to be involved in the following signaling cascades: i) The Ha-Ras and PI3K/Akt pathways; ii) the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway; iii) the ERK/mitogen-activated protein kinase and Wnt/β-catenin pathways; and iv) the Aurora-A kinase signaling pathway. Studies have established that AEG-1/MTDH is crucial in tumor progression, including transformation, the evasion of apoptosis, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis. In addition, recent clinical studies have convincingly associated AEG-1/MTDH with tumor progression and poor prognosis in a number of cancer types, including hepatocellular, esophageal squamous cell, gallbladder and renal cell carcinomas, breast, non-small cell lung, prostate, gastric and colorectal cancers, and glioma, melanoma, neuroblastoma and osteosarcoma. AEG-1/MTDH may be used as a biomarker to identify subgroups of patients who require more intensive treatments and who are likely to benefit from AEG-1/MTDH-targeted therapies. The therapeutic targeting of AEG-1/MTDH may simultaneously block metastasis, suppress tumor growth and enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China ; Department of General Surgery, Zao Zhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, Shandong 277101, P.R. China
| | - LE-Ping Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
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