1
|
Kim SH, Ahn BC, Lee DE, Kim KH, Hyun JW, Kim MJ, Park NY, Kim HJ, Lee Y. Blood Neurofilament Light Chain and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein as Promising Screening Biomarkers for Brain Metastases in Patients with Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6397. [PMID: 38928104 PMCID: PMC11204234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of brain metastases (BMs) in patients with lung cancer (LC) predominantly relies on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a method that is constrained by high costs and limited accessibility. This study explores the potential of serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) and serum glial fibrillary acidic protein (sGFAP) as screening biomarkers for BMs in LC patients. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 700 LC cases at the National Cancer Center, Korea, from July 2020 to June 2022, measuring sNfL and sGFAP levels at initial LC diagnosis. The likelihood of BM was evaluated using multivariate analysis and a predictive nomogram. Additionally, we prospectively monitored 177 samples from 46 LC patients initially without BM. Patients with BMs (n= 135) had significantly higher median sNfL (52.5 pg/mL) and sGFAP (239.2 pg/mL) levels compared to those without BMs (n = 565), with medians of 17.8 pg/mL and 141.1 pg/mL, respectively (p < 0.001 for both). The nomogram, incorporating age, sNfL, and sGFAP, predicted BM with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.877 (95% CI 0.84-0.914), showing 74.8% sensitivity and 83.5% specificity. Over nine months, 93% of samples from patients without BM remained below the cutoff, while all patients developing BMs showed increased levels at detection. A nomogram incorporating age, sNfL, and sGFAP provides a valuable tool for identifying LC patients at high risk for BM, thereby enabling targeted MRI screenings and enhancing diagnostic efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hyun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Beung-Chul Ahn
- Center for Lung Cancer, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Eun Lee
- Biostatistics Collaboration Team, Research Core Center, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hoon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Won Hyun
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jeong Kim
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Young Park
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjoo Lee
- Center for Lung Cancer, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Grau-Mercier L, Grandpierre RG, Alonso S, Savey A, Le Floch A, de Oliveira F, Masia T, Jory N, Coisy F, Claret PG. S100B serum level: A relevant biomarker for the management of non-traumatic headaches in emergency care? Am J Emerg Med 2023; 68:132-137. [PMID: 37001377 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2023.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnostic of primary or secondary headaches in emergency units is mostly based on brain imaging, which is expensive and sometimes hardly accessible. An increase in serum S100B protein has already been found in several neurological conditions inducing brain damage. The objective of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of S100B serum assay to distinguish primary and secondary headaches among patients with non-traumatic headaches in the emergency department. METHODS This was a phase 2, prospective, monocentric diagnostic study. Eighty-one adult patients with non-traumatic headaches in the emergency department were included. In addition to the usual management, a blood assay of the S100B protein was performed in the emergency department, as well as a brain MRI between 48 and 96 h if not performed during the initial management. The primary or secondary headache diagnosis was made at one month by an expert committee, blindly of the results of the S100B assay. The primary outcome was the blood assay of the S100B protein. RESULTS There was 63 patients for analysis in the primary headache group and 17 in the secondary headache group. The S100B protein assay was significantly higher in secondary headaches than primary headaches, with an AUC of the ROC curve of 0.67. The optimal threshold of 0.06 μg.L-1 allowed to obtain those diagnostic characteristics: sensitivity 75% [48; 93], specificity 62% [48; 74], PPV 35% [20; 54] and NPV 90% [76; 97]. The association between the S100B protein level and the onset of pain was significantly higher for patients with headaches <3 h. CONCLUSION The assay of the S100B protein could be useful in the management of this pathology in emergencies. Future studies taking into account dosing time and etiologies could be conducted in order to refine its use in practice.
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Z, Liu H, Gong Y, Cheng Y. Establishment and validation of an aging-related risk signature associated with prognosis and tumor immune microenvironment in breast cancer. Eur J Med Res 2022; 27:317. [PMID: 36581948 PMCID: PMC9798726 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-022-00924-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) is a highly malignant and heterogeneous tumor which is currently the cancer with the highest incidence and seriously endangers the survival and prognosis of patients. Aging, as a research hotspot in recent years, is widely considered to be involved in the occurrence and development of a variety of tumors. However, the relationship between aging-related genes (ARGs) and BC has not yet been fully elucidated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression profiles and clinicopathological data were acquired in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. Firstly, the differentially expressed ARGs in BC and normal breast tissues were investigated. Based on these differential genes, a risk model was constructed composed of 11 ARGs via univariate and multivariate Cox analysis. Subsequently, survival analysis, independent prognostic analysis, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and nomogram were performed to assess its ability to sensitively and specifically predict the survival and prognosis of patients, which was also verified in the validation set. In addition, functional enrichment analysis and immune infiltration analysis were applied to reveal the relationship between the risk scores and tumor immune microenvironment, immune status and immunotherapy. Finally, multiple datasets and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were utilized to verify the expression level of the key genes. RESULTS An 11-gene signature (including FABP7, IGHD, SPIB, CTSW, IGKC, SEZ6, S100B, CXCL1, IGLV6-57, CPLX2 and CCL19) was established to predict the survival of BC patients, which was validated by the GEO cohort. Based on the risk model, the BC patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups, and the high-risk patients showed worse survival. Stepwise ROC analysis and Cox analyses demonstrated the good performance and independence of the model. Moreover, a nomogram combined with the risk score and clinical parameters was built for prognostic prediction. Functional enrichment analysis revealed the robust relationship between the risk model with immune-related functions and pathways. Subsequent immune microenvironment analysis, immunotherapy, etc., indicated that the immune status of patients in the high-risk group decreased, and the anti-tumor immune function was impaired, which was significantly different with those in the low-risk group. Eventually, the expression level of FABP7, IGHD, SPIB, CTSW, IGKC, SEZ6, S100B, CXCL1, IGLV6-57 and CCL19 was identified as down-regulated in tumor cell line, while CPLX2 up-regulated, which was mostly similar with the results in TCGA and Human Protein Atlas (HPA) via RT-PCR. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our study constructed a risk model composed of ARGs, which could be used as a solid model for predicting the survival and prognosis of BC patients. Moreover, this model also played an important role in tumor immunity, providing a new direction for patient immune status assessment and immunotherapy selection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zitao Wang
- grid.412632.00000 0004 1758 2270Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei China
| | - Hua Liu
- grid.412632.00000 0004 1758 2270Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei China
| | - Yiping Gong
- grid.412632.00000 0004 1758 2270Department of Breast Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei China
| | - Yanxiang Cheng
- grid.412632.00000 0004 1758 2270Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tian C, Wang Y, Song X. Prognostic Characteristics of Immune-Related Genes and the Related Regulatory Axis in Patients With Stage N+M0 Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:878219. [PMID: 35785160 PMCID: PMC9243266 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.878219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BRCA) has the highest incidence rate among female tumours. The function of the immune system affects treatment efficacy and prognosis in patients with BRCA. However, the exact role of immune-related genes (IRGs) in stage N+M0 BRCA is unknown. We constructed a predictive risk scoring model with five IRGs (CDH1, FGFR3, INHBA, S100B, and SCG2) based on the clinical, mutation, and RNA sequencing data of individuals with stage N+M0 BRCA sourced from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Results from the Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute validation cohort suggested that regardless of clinical stage, tumour size, or the number of lymph node metastases, this model was able to reliably discriminate low-risk patients from high-risk ones and assess the prognosis of patients with stage N+M0 BRCA, and low-risk patients could benefit more from immunotherapy than high-risk patients. In addition, significant inter-group variations in immunocyte infiltration and the tumour microenvironment were observed. Moreover, risk score and age were found to be independent factors in multivariate COX regression analysis, which influenced the outcome of patients with stage N+M0 BRCA. Based on the above findings, we plotted a prognostic nomogram. Finally, we constructed a lncRNA KCNQ1OT1-LINC00665-TUG1/miR-9-5p/CDH1 regulatory axis of the ceRNA network to explore the mechanism of BRCA progression. In summary, we conducted a systemic and extensive bioinformatics investigation and established an IRG-based prognostic scoring model. Finally, we constructed a ceRNA regulatory axis that might play a significant role in BRCA development. More research is required to confirm this result. Scoring system-based patient grouping can help predict the outcome of patients with stage N+M0 BRCA more effectively and determine their sensitivity to immunotherapies, which will aid the development of personalised therapeutic strategies and inspire the research and development of novel medications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chonglin Tian
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Yongsheng Wang, ; Xianrang Song,
| | - Xianrang Song
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Yongsheng Wang, ; Xianrang Song,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rehman AU, Khan P, Maurya SK, Siddiqui JA, Santamaria-Barria JA, Batra SK, Nasser MW. Liquid biopsies to occult brain metastasis. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:113. [PMID: 35538484 PMCID: PMC9088117 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01577-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain metastasis (BrM) is a major problem associated with cancer-related mortality, and currently, no specific biomarkers are available in clinical settings for early detection. Liquid biopsy is widely accepted as a non-invasive method for diagnosing cancer and other diseases. We have reviewed the evidence that shows how the molecular alterations are involved in BrM, majorly from breast cancer (BC), lung cancer (LC), and melanoma, with an inception in how they can be employed for biomarker development. We discussed genetic and epigenetic changes that influence cancer cells to breach the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and help to establish metastatic lesions in the uniquely distinct brain microenvironment. Keeping abreast with the recent breakthroughs in the context of various biomolecules detections and identifications, the circulating tumor cells (CTC), cell-free nucleotides, non-coding RNAs, secretory proteins, and metabolites can be pursued in human body fluids such as blood, serum, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine to obtain potential candidates for biomarker development. The liquid biopsy-based biomarkers can overlay with current imaging techniques to amplify the signal viable for improving the early detection and treatments of occult BrM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asad Ur Rehman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA
| | - Parvez Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA
| | - Shailendra Kumar Maurya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA
| | - Jawed A Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA.,Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA
| | | | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA.,Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA.,Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA
| | - Mohd Wasim Nasser
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA. .,Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gaebe K, Li AY, Das S. Clinical Biomarkers for Early Identification of Patients with Intracranial Metastatic Disease. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13235973. [PMID: 34885083 PMCID: PMC8656478 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The development of brain metastases, or intracranial metastatic disease (IMD), is a serious and life-altering complication for many patients with cancer. While there have been substantial advancements in the treatments available for IMD and in our understanding of its pathogenesis, conventional methods remain insufficient to detect IMD at an early stage. In this review, we discuss current research on biomarkers specific to IMD. In particular, we highlight biomarkers that can be easily accessed via the bloodstream or cerebrospinal fluid, including circulating tumor cells and DNA, as well as advanced imaging techniques. The continued development of these assays could enable clinicians to detect IMD prior to the development of IMD-associated symptoms and ultimately improve patient prognosis and survival. Abstract Nearly 30% of patients with cancer will develop intracranial metastatic disease (IMD), and more than half of these patients will die within a few months following their diagnosis. In light of the profound effect of IMD on survival and quality of life, there is significant interest in identifying biomarkers that could facilitate the early detection of IMD or identify patients with cancer who are at high IMD risk. In this review, we will highlight early efforts to identify biomarkers of IMD and consider avenues for future investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Gaebe
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 3K1, Canada; (K.G.); (A.Y.L.)
| | - Alyssa Y. Li
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 3K1, Canada; (K.G.); (A.Y.L.)
| | - Sunit Das
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 3K1, Canada; (K.G.); (A.Y.L.)
- Division of Neurosurgery, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kim SH, Gwak HS, Lee Y, Park NY, Han M, Kim Y, Kim SY, Kim HJ. Evaluation of Serum Neurofilament Light Chain and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein as Screening and Monitoring Biomarkers for Brain Metastases. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092227. [PMID: 34066445 PMCID: PMC8125258 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Approximately 20% of patients with cancer develop brain metastases (BM). Early BM diagnosis is critical to enable less invasive or toxic approaches. Sensitive and easy-to-use blood-based BM biomarkers may allow early diagnosis and appropriate timely treatment and may improve overall survival. This study aimed to evaluate the potential roles of serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) and serum glial fibrillary acidic protein (sGFAP) for diagnosing and monitoring BM. We found significant differences in the sNfL and the sGFAP levels between patients with and without BMs. The optimal cutoff-levels of sNfL and sGFAP had sensitivities of 91% and 91%, respectively, and combining the two biomarkers (sNfL or sGFAP) improved the sensitivity to up to 98%, with an overall accuracy higher than 91%. Thus, sNfL and sGFAP may be used as biomarkers for BM screening in patients with cancer. Abstract We evaluated the potential serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) and serum glial fibrillary acidic protein (sGFAP) roles in diagnosing and monitoring brain metastases (BMs). We included 70 patients with newly diagnosed BMs, 71 age- and cancer type-matched patients without BMs, and 67 healthy controls (HCs). We compared sNfL and sGFAP levels among the groups using a single-molecule array immunoassay. We prospectively followed 26 patients with BMs every 2–3 months by measuring sNfL and sGFAP levels and performing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. The sNfL and the sGFAP levels were higher in patients with BMs (medians: sNfL, 63.7 µL; sGFAP, 819.5 pg/µL) than in those without BMs (sNfL, 13.3 µL; sGFAP, 154 pg/µL; p < 0.001) and HCs (sNfL, 12.5 µL; sGFAP, 135 pg/µL; p < 0.001). The sNfL and the sGFAP cutoff levels had a sensitivity and a specificity of 91%. The sGFAP cutoff level had a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 97%. The sNfL and the sGFAP levels were related to the BM size but not to the primary cancer type. After BM treatment, sNfL and sGFAP levels decreased with reduced BM lesions on MRI; however, they increased when BMs progressed. sNfL and sGFAP are potential biomarkers for BM screening in cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hyun Kim
- Department of Neurology, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea; (N.-Y.P.); (Y.K.); (S.-Y.K.); (H.J.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-920-1683; Fax: +82-31-920-1275
| | - Ho-Shin Gwak
- Department of Cancer Control, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang 10408, Korea;
| | - Youngjoo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea;
| | - Na-Young Park
- Department of Neurology, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea; (N.-Y.P.); (Y.K.); (S.-Y.K.); (H.J.K.)
| | - Mira Han
- Biometric Research Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea;
| | - Yeseul Kim
- Department of Neurology, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea; (N.-Y.P.); (Y.K.); (S.-Y.K.); (H.J.K.)
| | - So-Yeon Kim
- Department of Neurology, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea; (N.-Y.P.); (Y.K.); (S.-Y.K.); (H.J.K.)
| | - Ho Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea; (N.-Y.P.); (Y.K.); (S.-Y.K.); (H.J.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Carcereny E, Fernández-Nistal A, López A, Montoto C, Naves A, Segú-Vergés C, Coma M, Jorba G, Oliva B, Mas JM. Head to head evaluation of second generation ALK inhibitors brigatinib and alectinib as first-line treatment for ALK+ NSCLC using an in silico systems biology-based approach. Oncotarget 2021; 12:316-332. [PMID: 33659043 PMCID: PMC7899557 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Around 3-7% of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which represent 85% of diagnosed lung cancers, have a rearrangement in the ALK gene that produces an abnormal activity of the ALK protein cell signaling pathway. The developed ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as crizotinib, ceritinib, alectinib, brigatinib and lorlatinb present good performance treating ALK+ NSCLC, although all patients invariably develop resistance due to ALK secondary mutations or bypass mechanisms. In the present study, we compare the potential differences between brigatinib and alectinib's mechanisms of action as first-line treatment for ALK+ NSCLC in a systems biology-based in silico setting. Therapeutic performance mapping system (TPMS) technology was used to characterize the mechanisms of action of brigatinib and alectinib and the impact of potential resistances and drug interferences with concomitant treatments. The analyses indicate that brigatinib and alectinib affect cell growth, apoptosis and immune evasion through ALK inhibition. However, brigatinib seems to achieve a more diverse downstream effect due to a broader cancer-related kinase target spectrum. Brigatinib also shows a robust effect over invasiveness and central nervous system metastasis-related mechanisms, whereas alectinib seems to have a greater impact on the immune evasion mechanism. Based on this in silico head to head study, we conclude that brigatinib shows a predicted efficacy similar to alectinib and could be a good candidate in a first-line setting against ALK+ NSCLC. Future investigation involving clinical studies will be needed to confirm these findings. These in silico systems biology-based models could be applied for exploring other unanswered questions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enric Carcereny
- Catalan Institute of Oncology B-ARGO Group, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Guillem Jorba
- Anaxomics Biotech, Barcelona, Spain
- Structural Bioinformatics (GRIB-IMIM), Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Baldomero Oliva
- Structural Bioinformatics (GRIB-IMIM), Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Allgöwer C, Kretz AL, von Karstedt S, Wittau M, Henne-Bruns D, Lemke J. Friend or Foe: S100 Proteins in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082037. [PMID: 32722137 PMCID: PMC7465620 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
S100 proteins are widely expressed small molecular EF-hand calcium-binding proteins of vertebrates, which are involved in numerous cellular processes, such as Ca2+ homeostasis, proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and inflammation. Although the complex network of S100 signalling is by far not fully deciphered, several S100 family members could be linked to a variety of diseases, such as inflammatory disorders, neurological diseases, and also cancer. The research of the past decades revealed that S100 proteins play a crucial role in the development and progression of many cancer types, such as breast cancer, lung cancer, and melanoma. Hence, S100 family members have also been shown to be promising diagnostic markers and possible novel targets for therapy. However, the current knowledge of S100 proteins is limited and more attention to this unique group of proteins is needed. Therefore, this review article summarises S100 proteins and their relation in different cancer types, while also providing an overview of novel therapeutic strategies for targeting S100 proteins for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Allgöwer
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (C.A.); (A.-L.K.); (M.W.); (D.H.-B.)
| | - Anna-Laura Kretz
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (C.A.); (A.-L.K.); (M.W.); (D.H.-B.)
| | - Silvia von Karstedt
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Cologne, Weyertal 115b, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
- CECAD Cluster of Excellence, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Straße 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne, Medical Faculty, University Hospital of Cologne, Weyertal 115b, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Mathias Wittau
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (C.A.); (A.-L.K.); (M.W.); (D.H.-B.)
| | - Doris Henne-Bruns
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (C.A.); (A.-L.K.); (M.W.); (D.H.-B.)
| | - Johannes Lemke
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (C.A.); (A.-L.K.); (M.W.); (D.H.-B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-731-500-53691
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wu KJ, Wang W, Wang HMD, Leung CH, Ma DL. Interfering with S100B-effector protein interactions for cancer therapy. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:1754-1761. [PMID: 32679172 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) is overexpressed in various malignant tumors, where it regulates cancer cell proliferation and metabolism by physical interactions with other molecules. Interfering with S100B-effector protein interactions is a potential strategy to treat malignant tumors. Although some S100B inhibitors have been discovered by virtual screening (VS), most target the S100B-p53 interaction. Hence, there is scope for the discovery of other S100B-effector protein interaction modulators for malignant tumors. In this review, we provide an overview of S100B-effector protein interaction inhibitor discovery using VS and discuss promising S100B-effector protein interaction targets that permit in silico analysis for drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Jia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macao SAR, China
| | - Wanhe Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hui-Min David Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macao SAR, China.
| | - Dik-Lung Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong 999077, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kondrup M, Nygaard AD, Madsen JS, Bechmann T. S100B as a biomarker for brain metastases in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Biomed Rep 2020; 12:204-208. [PMID: 32190309 PMCID: PMC7054701 DOI: 10.3892/br.2020.1277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain metastases are frequent in patients with lung cancer and a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Finding a biomarker predicting brain metastases could facilitate early start of treatment and thereby reduce morbidity and possibly improve overall survival. Previous studies suggest S100B as a possible biomarker for this purpose. This prospective study enrolled 185 patients with newly diagnosed stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A total of 22 patients had brain metastases verified by magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography at the time of enrollment. Serum S100B levels were measured in blood samples collected prior to any treatment from 22 patients who had brain metastases at enrollment and from 50 patients randomly selected from the remaining 163 patients without brain metastases at enrollment. No statistically significant difference was found in the levels of serum S100B between patients with and without brain metastases [range 0.018-0.209 µg/l, mean 0.049 µg/l, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.032-0.061 µg/l] and (range 0.016-0.130 µg/i, mean 0.044 µg/l, 95% CI, 0.037-0.051 µg/l), respectively, (P=0.852). Univariate analysis of prognostic factors for S100B indicated a correlation (P<0.2) with sex (P=0.088) and histology (adenocarcinoma vs. squamous cell carcinoma/others) (P=0.028). In the multivariate analysis only histology (P=0.029) remained statistically significant. Conclusion: The present study found no significant correlation between the level of serum S100B and the presence of brain metastases in patients with advanced NSCLC. The clear cut-off of S100B in patients with and without brain metastases reported in other studies could not be verified in this study. Further studies investigating the role of S100B as a biomarker for brain metastases in non-small cell lung cancer are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kondrup
- Department of Oncology, Vejle Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 7100 Vejle, Denmark
| | | | - Jonna Skov Madsen
- Institute of Regional Health Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- Biochemistry and Immunology, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 7100 Vejle, Denmark
| | - Troels Bechmann
- Department of Oncology, Vejle Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 7100 Vejle, Denmark
- Institute of Regional Health Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen L, Hu X, Wu H, Jia Y, Liu J, Mu X, Wu H, Zhao Y. Over-expression of S100B protein as a serum marker of brain metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer and its prognostic value. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:427-432. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
13
|
Rosmaninho P, Mükusch S, Piscopo V, Teixeira V, Raposo AA, Warta R, Bennewitz R, Tang Y, Herold-Mende C, Stifani S, Momma S, Castro DS. Zeb1 potentiates genome-wide gene transcription with Lef1 to promote glioblastoma cell invasion. EMBO J 2018; 37:e97115. [PMID: 29903919 PMCID: PMC6068449 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201797115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive brain tumor, with a subpopulation of stem-like cells thought to mediate its recurring behavior and therapeutic resistance. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) inducing factor Zeb1 was linked to tumor initiation, invasion, and resistance to therapy in glioblastoma, but how Zeb1 functions at molecular level and what genes it regulates remain poorly understood. Contrary to the common view that EMT factors act as transcriptional repressors, here we show that genome-wide binding of Zeb1 associates with both activation and repression of gene expression in glioblastoma stem-like cells. Transcriptional repression requires direct DNA binding of Zeb1, while indirect recruitment to regulatory regions by the Wnt pathway effector Lef1 results in gene activation, independently of Wnt signaling. Amongst glioblastoma genes activated by Zeb1 are predicted mediators of tumor cell migration and invasion, including the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Prex1, whose elevated expression is predictive of shorter glioblastoma patient survival. Prex1 promotes invasiveness of glioblastoma cells in vivo highlighting the importance of Zeb1/Lef1 gene regulatory mechanisms in gliomagenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Rosmaninho
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Susanne Mükusch
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Frankfurt University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Valerio Piscopo
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Vera Teixeira
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Alexandre Asf Raposo
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Rolf Warta
- Division of Experimental Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Romina Bennewitz
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Frankfurt University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yeman Tang
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christel Herold-Mende
- Division of Experimental Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefano Stifani
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stefan Momma
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Frankfurt University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Diogo S Castro
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Prognostic Roles of mRNA Expression of S100 in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:9815806. [PMID: 29607329 PMCID: PMC5828052 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9815806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The S100 protein family is involved in cancer cell invasion and metastasis, but its prognostic value in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been elucidated. In the present study we investigated the prognostic role of mRNA expression of each individual S100 in NSCLC patients through the Kaplan-Meier plotter (KM plotter) database. Expression of 14 members of the S100 family correlated with overall survival (OS) for all NSCLC patients; 18 members were associated with OS in adenocarcinoma, but none were associated with OS in squamous cell carcinoma. In particular, high mRNA expression level of S100B was associated with better OS in NSCLC patients. The prognostic value of S100 according to smoking status, pathological grades, clinical stages, and chemotherapeutic treatment of NSCLC was further assessed. Although the results should be further verified in clinical trials our findings provide new insights into the prognostic roles of S100 proteins in NSCLC and might promote development of S100-targeted inhibitors for the treatment of NSCLC.
Collapse
|
15
|
Yen MC, Huang YC, Kan JY, Kuo PL, Hou MF, Hsu YL. S100B expression in breast cancer as a predictive marker for cancer metastasis. Int J Oncol 2017; 52:433-440. [PMID: 29345293 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In the tumor microenvironment, soluble molecules play important role in the establishment of a pre-metastatic niche. The S100 calcium-binding protein family are inflammatory molecules that contribute to the development of a pro-inflammatory tumor microenvironment. S100B belongs to the S100 family and serum S100B (also known as S100beta) serves as a marker for metastasis in lung cancer, ovarian cancer and melanoma. However, the association between S100B and the metastasis of breast cancer is not yet well understood. In the present study, a relatively low S100B expression was observed in the tumor samples compared to normal breast tissue among online microarray datasets. When the estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T, were treated with recombinant human S100B, cell migration was significantly inhibited and epithelial cadherin expression was increased. Our results revealed that a high S100B expression predicted a good overall survival in patients with ER-negative breast cancer, and good distant metastases-free survival in all patients with breast cancer via the analysis of the KM plotter and SurvExpress databases. Although previous studies have indicated that the interaction of S100B with wild-type p53 inhibits p53 function, a high S100B expression is associated with a good prognosis in patients with p53 mutant and p53 wild-type breast cancers. On the whole, our findings demonstrate that S100B treatment suppresses the migratory capacity of ER-negative breast cancer and that S100B expression may serve a predictive marker for metastasis in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Chi Yen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yung-Chi Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jung-Yu Kan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Po-Lin Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ya-Ling Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
A review of S100 protein family in lung cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 476:54-59. [PMID: 29146477 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
S100 protein family, representing 25 relatively small calcium binding proteins, has been reported to be involved in multiple stages of tumorigenesis and progression. These proteins are considered having potential value to be adopted as novel biomarkers in the detection and accurate prediction of many kinds of tumors, including lung cancer. As the one having the highest morbidity and mortality among all cancers, lung carcinoma is still occult for detection, especially at early stage. S100 proteins take participation in the lung neoplasia through playing intracellular and/or extracellular functions, therefore getting involved in a variety of biological processes such as differentiation, proliferation, and migration. A few members have also been testified to modulate TGF-β/Smad-3 mediated transcriptional activity of target genes involved in tumor promotion. In addition to that, a number of proteins in this family have already been reported to experience an abnormal trend in lung cancer at cell, serum and tissue levels. Thus, S100 proteins may serve as effective biomarkers for suspected or already diagnosed lung cancer patients. In future, S100 protein family might be applied as therapeutic targets in clinical treatment of lung cancer. In this review, we firstly summed up the biological and clinical evidence connecting S100 proteins and lung cancer, which has not been summarized before.
Collapse
|
17
|
Rouka E, Vavougios GD, Solenov EI, Gourgoulianis KI, Hatzoglou C, Zarogiannis SG. Transcriptomic Analysis of the Claudin Interactome in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Evaluation of the Effect of Disease Phenotype, Asbestos Exposure, and CDKN2A Deletion Status. Front Physiol 2017; 8:156. [PMID: 28377727 PMCID: PMC5359316 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly aggressive tumor primarily associated with asbestos exposure. Early detection of MPM is restricted by the long latency period until clinical presentation, the ineffectiveness of imaging techniques in early stage detection and the lack of non-invasive biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity. In this study we used transcriptome data mining in order to determine which CLAUDIN (CLDN) genes are differentially expressed in MPM as compared to controls. Using the same approach we identified the interactome of the differentially expressed CLDN genes and assessed their expression profile. Subsequently, we evaluated the effect of tumor histology, asbestos exposure, CDKN2A deletion status, and gender on the gene expression level of the claudin interactome. We found that 5 out of 15 studied CLDNs (4, 5, 8, 10, 15) and 4 out of 27 available interactors (S100B, SHBG, CDH5, CXCL8) were differentially expressed in MPM specimens vs. healthy tissues. The genes encoding the CLDN-15 and S100B proteins present differences in their expression profile between the three histological subtypes of MPM. Moreover, CLDN-15 is significantly under-expressed in the cohort of patients with previous history of asbestos exposure. CLDN-15 was also found significantly underexpressed in patients lacking the CDKN2A gene. These results warrant the detailed in vitro investigation of the role of CDLN-15 in the pathobiology of MPM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erasmia Rouka
- Gradute Program in Primary Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly Larissa, Greece
| | - Georgios D Vavougios
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Thessaly Medical School Larissa, Greece
| | - Evgeniy I Solenov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesNovosibirsk, Russia; Department of Physiology, Novosibirsk State UniversityNovosibirsk, Russia
| | - Konstantinos I Gourgoulianis
- Gradute Program in Primary Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of ThessalyLarissa, Greece; Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Thessaly Medical SchoolLarissa, Greece
| | - Chrissi Hatzoglou
- Gradute Program in Primary Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of ThessalyLarissa, Greece; Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Thessaly Medical SchoolLarissa, Greece; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of ThessalyLarissa, Greece
| | - Sotirios G Zarogiannis
- Gradute Program in Primary Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of ThessalyLarissa, Greece; Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Thessaly Medical SchoolLarissa, Greece; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of ThessalyLarissa, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Darlix A, Lamy PJ, Lopez-Crapez E, Braccini AL, Firmin N, Romieu G, Thézenas S, Jacot W. Serum NSE, MMP-9 and HER2 extracellular domain are associated with brain metastases in metastatic breast cancer patients: predictive biomarkers for brain metastases? Int J Cancer 2016; 139:2299-311. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Darlix
- Department of Medical Oncology; Institut Régional Du Cancer Montpellier ICM; Montpellier France
| | - Pierre-Jean Lamy
- Department of Clinical Research; Clinique Beausoleil; Montpellier France
- Department of Biology and Oncogenetic; Institut Régional Du Cancer Montpellier ICM; Montpellier France
| | - Evelyne Lopez-Crapez
- Translational Research Unit; Institut Régional Du Cancer Montpellier ICM; Montpellier France
| | - Antoine Laurent Braccini
- Department of Medical Oncology and Radiothérapy, Centre Azuréen De Cancérologie; 1 Place Du Docteur Jean Luc Broquerie Mougins France
| | - Nelly Firmin
- Department of Medical Oncology; Institut Régional Du Cancer Montpellier ICM; Montpellier France
| | - Gilles Romieu
- Department of Medical Oncology; Institut Régional Du Cancer Montpellier ICM; Montpellier France
| | - Simon Thézenas
- Biometrics Unit; Institut Régional Du Cancer Montpellier ICM; Montpellier France
| | - William Jacot
- Department of Medical Oncology; Institut Régional Du Cancer Montpellier ICM; Montpellier France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li F, Sun L, Zhang S. Acquirement of DNA copy number variations in non-small cell lung cancer metastasis to the brain. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:1701-7. [PMID: 26259861 PMCID: PMC4564092 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain metastasis is a major complication of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and leads to most of the mortality of this disease. However, the biological mechanisms and molecular features in brain metastasis of NSCLC are poorly understood. In the present study, we compared whole-genome copy number variations (CNVs) between a primary lung adenocarcinoma and secondary metastatic brain lesion from the same patient using array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH). The number of CNV regions was markedly higher in the secondary metastatic tumor than the primary tumor in the lung. In detail, the common CNVs in both tumors included gains of 7p22, 7p12-p11, 7q11, 7q22, 21q22, and 19q13; gains of 1p33-p34, 1q22, 5p13 and 14q11 whereas losses of 3p, 4q31, 5q, 11p15, Xp21-p22 and Xq21 were identified only in the secondary lesion. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis revealed that the genes with amplified copy numbers in both tumors were related to such processes as DNA replication and mismatch repair. Genes only amplified in the metastatic tumor were enriched in processes that include leukocyte migration and organ development, and genes with a lower copy number in the secondary tumor included the processes of proteolysis regulation, negative regulation of cell proliferation and cell adhesion. These findings provided new insight into the genomic mechanism of the spread of lung adenocarcinoma to the brain, and the candidate genes identified serve as novel indicators or putative targets in NSCLC brain metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- Neurosurgery Department of China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Libo Sun
- Neurosurgery Department of China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Sixun Zhang
- Neurosurgery Department of China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Liu X, Zhang H, Su L, Yang P, Xin Z, Zou J, Ren S, Zuo Y. Low expression of dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-grabbing nonintegrin-related protein in lung cancer and significant correlations with brain metastasis and natural killer cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 407:151-60. [PMID: 26150177 PMCID: PMC7101997 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2465-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-grabbing nonintegrin-related protein (DC-SIGNR) is a type II transmembrane protein which has been reported to bind a variety of pathogens as well as participate in immunoregulation. But the association between the level of DC-SIGNR and lung cancer is unknown. To investigate the clinical diagnostic significance of DC-SIGNR in lung cancer, we investigated serum DC-SIGNR levels in 173 lung cancer patients and 134 healthy individuals using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results showed that serum DC-SIGNR levels in lung cancer patients were lower than that in healthy controls (P = 0.0003). A cut-off value of 3.8998 ng/L for DC-SIGNR predicted the presence of lung cancer with 78.03% sensitivity and 49.25% specificity (area under the curve = 0.6212, P = 0.0003). Strikingly, serum DC-SIGNR levels were significantly higher in lung cancer patients with brain metastasis compared to those without metastasis (P = 0.0283). Moreover, the serum concentrations of DC-SIGNR in lung cancer patients also correlated significantly with serum natural killer cells percentage (P = 0.0017). In addition, immunohistochemistry assay demonstrated that the expression of DC-SIGNR in lung tissues of 31 lung cancer patients and 13 tuberculosis patients was significantly lower than that in 18 normal lung tissues (P = 0.0418, 0.0289), and there is no significant difference between tuberculosis tissues and lung cancer tissues (P = 0.2696). These results suggest that DC-SIGNR maybe a promising biological molecule that has the potential for clinical research of lung cancer, whereas its underlying roles are needed to be investigated in further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Liu
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Laboratory Diagnostic Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gross SR, Sin CGT, Barraclough R, Rudland PS. Joining S100 proteins and migration: for better or for worse, in sickness and in health. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 71:1551-79. [PMID: 23811936 PMCID: PMC11113901 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-013-1400-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The vast diversity of S100 proteins has demonstrated a multitude of biological correlations with cell growth, cell differentiation and cell survival in numerous physiological and pathological conditions in all cells of the body. This review summarises some of the reported regulatory functions of S100 proteins (namely S100A1, S100A2, S100A4, S100A6, S100A7, S100A8/S100A9, S100A10, S100A11, S100A12, S100B and S100P) on cellular migration and invasion, established in both culture and animal model systems and the possible mechanisms that have been proposed to be responsible. These mechanisms involve intracellular events and components of the cytoskeletal organisation (actin/myosin filaments, intermediate filaments and microtubules) as well as extracellular signalling at different cell surface receptors (RAGE and integrins). Finally, we shall attempt to demonstrate how aberrant expression of the S100 proteins may lead to pathological events and human disorders and furthermore provide a rationale to possibly explain why the expression of some of the S100 proteins (mainly S100A4 and S100P) has led to conflicting results on motility, depending on the cells used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephane R. Gross
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET UK
| | - Connie Goh Then Sin
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET UK
| | - Roger Barraclough
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB UK
| | - Philip S. Rudland
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB UK
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common cause of neurological morbidity globally, and neurologic sequelae may occur even in the setting of mild injury. At present, the tools that guide diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of patients who suffer from TBI remain limited, especially for prehospital evaluation. Biomarkers of brain injury hold promise in facilitating early management and triage decisions in the civilian and military settings. The identification of biomarkers of brain injury may also be helpful in guiding end-of-life decision making and may facilitate the design of neuroprotective trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richa Sharma
- School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Box 2900, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ilhan-Mutlu A, Wagner L, Preusser M. Circulating biomarkers of CNS tumors: an update. Biomark Med 2013; 7:267-85. [DOI: 10.2217/bmm.13.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
CNS tumors comprise approximately 120 histological subtypes. Advances of surgical resection, radiation and systemic therapy have increased the survival rates of distinct types of CNS tumor patients. There is growing interest in identification of diagnostic, prognostic or predictive blood biomarkers in CNS tumor patients, and emerging studies indicate that certain brain tumors are indeed associated with distinct profiles of circulating factors such as proteins (e.g., glial fibrillary acidic protein), DNA fragments (e.g., containing mutated IDH) or miRNAs (e.g., miRNA-21). However, blood biomarker research in neurooncology is, for the most part, at an exploratory level, and adequately powered and well-designed studies are needed to translate the available interesting but preliminary findings into actual clinical use. In this review, the current knowledge on circulating biomarkers of CNS tumors is briefly summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aysegül Ilhan-Mutlu
- Department of Medicine I/Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, WaehringerGuertel 18–20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Central Nervous System Tumours Unit, Medical University of Vienna, WaehringerGuertel 18–20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ludwig Wagner
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Central Nervous System Tumours Unit, Medical University of Vienna, WaehringerGuertel 18–20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Nephrology, Medical University of Vienna, WaehringerGuertel 18–20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Preusser
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Central Nervous System Tumours Unit, Medical University of Vienna, WaehringerGuertel 18–20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medicine I/Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, WaehringerGuertel 18–20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|