1
|
Ding J, Chen Z, Ding W, Xiang Y, Yang J. DNA polymerase ζ suppresses the radiosensitivity of glioma cells by regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Autoimmunity 2023; 56:2234101. [PMID: 37448296 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2023.2234101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common glioma with high mortality and poor prognosis. Radiation resistance is one of the large challenges in the treatment of glioma. The study aimed to identify whether DNA polymerase ζ affects glioma cell radiosensitivity. The mRNA and protein levels of REV3L and REV7 were examined using quantitative real-time PCR and western blot. After REV3L and REV7 knockdown in a GBM cell line (A172), we assessed cell viability, colonies, apoptosis, and immune escape. The underlying mechanisms were evaluated using western blot and were confirmed using rescue experiments. The results showed that REV3L and REV7 levels were increased in glioma and related to poor survival. γ-ray treatment inhibited cell viability, survival fraction, and immune escape, and induced apoptosis of glioma cells from a GBM cell line, whereas knockdown of REV3L or REV7 enhanced these effects. Mechanically, silencing of REV3L or REV7 inactivated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. IGF-1 treatment abrogated the effects on cell viability, colonies, and apoptosis induced by REV3L or REV7 knocking down. Taken together, silencing of REV3L and REV7 inhibited radiation resistance via inactivating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, suggesting that targeting DNA polymerase ζ may be a new strategy to reduce the radiotherapy resistance of glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiqiang Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhisheng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weilong Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongsheng Xiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junbao Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
High Risk α-HPV E6 Impairs Translesion Synthesis by Blocking POLη Induction. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 13:cancers13010028. [PMID: 33374731 PMCID: PMC7793514 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cervical cancers (CaCx) are caused by the expression of human papillomavirus oncogenes (HPV E6 and E7). Here, in vitro assays, computational approaches and immunohistochemical analysis of cervical biopsies show that HPV oncogenes impair translesion synthesis (TLS). This limits the pathway’s ability to prevent replication stress from causing fork collapse and DNA damage. As a result, HPV oncogenes make cells more sensitive to replication stressing agents, such as Cisplatin. Mechanistically, HPV E6 prevents replication stress from triggering the accumulation of a TLS-specific polymerase (POLη). Supplying exogenous POLη to CaCx cells rescues TLS and lowers Cisplatin toxicity. Abstract High risk genus α human papillomaviruses (α-HPVs) express two versatile oncogenes (α-HPV E6 and E7) that cause cervical cancer (CaCx) by degrading tumor suppressor proteins (p53 and RB). α-HPV E7 also promotes replication stress and alters DNA damage responses (DDR). The translesion synthesis pathway (TLS) mitigates DNA damage by preventing replication stress from causing replication fork collapse. Computational analysis of gene expression in CaCx transcriptomic datasets identified a frequent increased expression of TLS genes. However, the essential TLS polymerases did not follow this pattern. These data were confirmed with in vitro and ex vivo systems. Further interrogation of TLS, using POLη as a representative TLS polymerase, demonstrated that α-HPV16 E6 blocks TLS polymerase induction by degrading p53. This doomed the pathway, leading to increased replication fork collapse and sensitivity to treatments that cause replication stress (e.g., UV and Cisplatin). This sensitivity could be overcome by the addition of exogenous POLη.
Collapse
|
3
|
Guo Y, Ma X, Li P, Dong S, Huang X, Ren X, Yuan L. High-fat diet induced discrepant peripheral and central nervous systems insulin resistance in APPswe/PS1dE9 and wild-type C57BL/6J mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:1236-1250. [PMID: 33291072 PMCID: PMC7835010 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to examine whether AD pathological phenotype in APPswe/PS1dE9 (APP/PS1) mice exposed to continuous high-fat diet predispose these murine models to metabolic dysfunction and neuropathological impairments. One-month old male APP/PS1 and C57BL/6J mice were provided with 60% high-fat diet for 6.5 months. After dietary intervention, metabolic phenotyping, cognitive behaviors, AD-related brain pathological changes and insulin signaling were compared. high fat diet induced hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, and aggravated inflammatory stress in both APP/PS1 and C57BL/6J mice. Compared with C57BL/6J control mice, APP/PS1 mice showed lower glucose transporter protein expression in liver, muscle, and brain. High-fat diet caused a decrease of glucose transporter protein expression in muscle and liver but increased cortical glucose transporter protein expression in APP/PS1 mice. High-fat diet-fed APP/PS1 mice demonstrated decreased cognitive function, as well as elevated cortical soluble amyloid-β levels and APP protein expression. Decrease in cortical IR, p-IR protein expression and p-GSK3β/GSK3β ratio were observed in high-fat diet-fed APP/PS1 mice. High-fat diet caused discrepant peripheral and central nervous system metabolic phenotype in APP/PS1 and C57BL/6J mice. AD pathological phenotype might accelerate metabolic changes and cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 mice treated with HFD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Guo
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Ma
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Li
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Shengqi Dong
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochen Huang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Xiuwen Ren
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Linhong Yuan
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
RAD18 contributes to the migration and invasion of human cervical cancer cells via the interleukin‑1β pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:3415-3423. [PMID: 31432163 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The E3 ubiquitin ligase RAD18 has been identified as an oncoprotein that exhibits prometastatic properties in various types of cancer; however, the role of RAD18 in cervical cancer (CC) remains unclear. In the present study, it was revealed that increased expression of RAD18 was associated with worse prognosis of patients with CC. Knockdown of endogenous RAD18 suppressed the motility and invasiveness of CC cells, as evaluated by Transwell assays. mRNA sequencing revealed that silencing RAD18 altered the expression profile of proinflammatory mediators, such as interleukin‑1β (IL‑1β). Furthermore, exogenous IL‑1β treatment rescued RAD18‑mediated CC cell invasion. These findings indicated an underlying mechanism via which RAD18 promotes CC progression, suggesting that RAD18 may be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for malignant CC.
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen L, Cheng X, Tu W, Qi Z, Li H, Liu F, Yang Y, Zhang Z, Wang Z. Apatinib inhibits glycolysis by suppressing the VEGFR2/AKT1/SOX5/GLUT4 signaling pathway in ovarian cancer cells. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2019; 42:679-690. [PMID: 31325096 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-019-00455-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2), and has shown encouraging therapeutic effects in various malignant tumors. As yet, however, the role of apatinib in ovarian cancer has remained unknown. Here, we sought to elucidate the role of apatinib in the in vitro and in vivo viability and proliferation of ovarian cancer cells, as well as in glucose metabolism in these cells. METHODS The effects of apatinib on ovarian cancer cell viability and proliferation were assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and colony formation assays, respectively. The expression of VEGFR2/AKT1/SOX5/GLUT4 pathway proteins was assessed using Western blotting, and glucose uptake and lactate production assays were used to detect glycolysis in ovarian cancer cells. SOX5 was exogenously over-expressed and silenced in ovarian cancer cells using expression vector and shRNA-based methods, respectively. RNA expression analyses were performed using RNA-seq and gene-chip-based methods. GLUT4 promoter activity was assessed using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. The expression of p-VEGFR2 (Tyr1175), p-AKT1 (Ser473), p-GSK3β (Ser9), SOX5 and GLUT4 in xenograft tissues was assessed using immunohistochemistry (IHC). RESULTS We found that apatinib inhibited the in vitro and in vivo viability and proliferation in Hey and OVCA433 ovarian cancer cells in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. We also found that apatinib effectively suppressed glucose uptake and lactate production by blocking the expression of GLUT4 in these cells. In addition, we found that SOX5 predominantly rescued the inhibitory effect of apatinib on GLUT4 expression by activating its promoter. Finally, we found that apatinib regulated the expression of SOX5 by suppressing the VEGFR2/AKT1/GSK3β signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS From our results, we conclude that apatinib suppresses the in vitro and in vivo viability and proliferation of ovarian cancer cells, as well as glycolysis by inhibiting the VEGFR2/AKT1/GSK3β/SOX5/GLUT4 signaling pathway. Apatinib may serve as a promising drug for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Chen
- Department of Gynecological Oncology and Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Department of Gynecological Oncology and Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenzhi Tu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Zihao Qi
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Haoran Li
- Department of Gynecological Oncology and Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Gynecological Oncology and Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yufei Yang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology and Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology and Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Ziliang Wang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology and Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xihua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rocha CRR, Silva MM, Quinet A, Cabral-Neto JB, Menck CFM. DNA repair pathways and cisplatin resistance: an intimate relationship. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2018; 73:e478s. [PMID: 30208165 PMCID: PMC6113849 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2018/e478s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The main goal of chemotherapeutic drugs is to induce massive cell death in tumors. Cisplatin is an antitumor drug widely used to treat several types of cancer. Despite its remarkable efficiency, most tumors show intrinsic or acquired drug resistance. The primary biological target of cisplatin is genomic DNA, and it causes a plethora of DNA lesions that block transcription and replication. These cisplatin-induced DNA lesions strongly induce cell death if they are not properly repaired or processed. To counteract cisplatin-induced DNA damage, cells use an intricate network of mechanisms, including DNA damage repair and translesion synthesis. In this review, we describe how cisplatin-induced DNA lesions are repaired or tolerated by cells and focus on the pivotal role of DNA repair and tolerance mechanisms in tumor resistance to cisplatin. In fact, several recent clinical findings have correlated the tumor cell status of DNA repair/translesion synthesis with patient response to cisplatin treatment. Furthermore, these mechanisms provide interesting targets for pharmacological modulation that can increase the efficiency of cisplatin chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Matheus Molina Silva
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Annabel Quinet
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Januario Bispo Cabral-Neto
- Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
| | - Carlos Frederico Martins Menck
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
- *Corresponding author. E-mail: mailto:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Enhancement of Radiation Effectiveness in Cervical Cancer Cells by Combining Ionizing Radiation with Hyperthermia and Molecular Targeting Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082420. [PMID: 30115874 PMCID: PMC6121622 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperthermia (HT) and molecular targeting agents can be used to enhance the effect of radiotherapy (RT). The purpose of this paper is to evaluate radiation sensitization by HT and different molecular targeting agents (Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 inhibitor, PARP1-i; DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit inhibitor, DNA-PKcs-i and Heat Shock Protein 90 inhibitor, HSP90-i) in cervical cancer cell lines. Survival curves of SiHa and HeLa cells, concerning the combined effects of radiation with hyperthermia and PARP1-i, DNA-PKcs-i or HSP90-i, were analyzed using the linear-quadratic model: S(D)/S(0) = exp − (αD + βD2). The values of the linear-quadratic (LQ) parameters α and β, determine the effectiveness at low and high doses, respectively. The effects of these sensitizing agents on the LQ parameters are compared to evaluate dose-dependent differences in radio enhancement. Combination of radiation with hyperthermia, PARP1-i and DNA-PKcs-i significantly increased the value of the linear parameter α. Both α and β were significantly increased for HSP90-i combined with hyperthermia in HeLa cells, though not in SiHa cells. The Homologous Recombination pathway is inhibited by hyperthermia. When hyperthermia is combined with DNA-PKcs-i and PARP1-i, the Non-Homologous End Joining or Alternative Non-Homologous End Joining pathway is also inhibited, leading to a more potent radio enhancement. The observed increments of the α value imply that significant radio enhancement is obtained at clinically-used radiotherapy doses. Furthermore, the sensitizing effects of hyperthermia can be even further enhanced when combined with other molecular targeting agents.
Collapse
|
8
|
Ren L, Chen L, Wu W, Garribba L, Tian H, Liu Z, Vogel I, Li C, Hickson ID, Liu Y. Potential biomarkers of DNA replication stress in cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:36996-37008. [PMID: 28445142 PMCID: PMC5514887 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogene activation is an established driver of tumorigenesis. An apparently inevitable consequence of oncogene activation is the generation of DNA replication stress (RS), a feature common to most cancer cells. RS, in turn, is a causal factor in the development of chromosome instability (CIN), a near universal feature of solid tumors. It is likely that CIN and RS are mutually reinforcing drivers that not only accelerate tumorigenesis, but also permit cancer cells to adapt to diverse and hostile environments. This article reviews the genetic changes present in cancer cells that influence oncogene-induced RS and CIN, with a particular emphasis on regions of the human genome that show enhanced sensitivity to the destabilizing effects of RS, such as common fragile sites. Because RS exists in a wide range of cancer types, we propose that the proteins involved counteracting this stress are potential biomarkers for indicating the degree of RS in cancer specimens. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a pilot study to validate whether some of proteins that are known from in vitro studies to play an essential role in the RS pathway could be suitable as a biomarker. Our results indicated that this is possible. With this review and pilot study, we aim to accelerate the development of a biomarker for analysis of RS in tumor biopsy specimens, which could ultimately help to stratify patients for different forms of therapy such as the RS inhibitors already undergoing clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Ren
- Basic Medical Research Institute, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Long Chen
- Basic Medical Research Institute, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Center for Chromosome Stability, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lorenza Garribba
- Center for Chromosome Stability, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Huanna Tian
- Basic Medical Research Institute, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Zihui Liu
- Pathology Department, Affiliated Hospital, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Ivan Vogel
- Center for Chromosome Stability, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Chunhui Li
- Pathology Department, Affiliated Hospital, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Ian D Hickson
- Center for Chromosome Stability, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ying Liu
- Center for Chromosome Stability, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Cisneros L, Bussey KJ, Orr AJ, Miočević M, Lineweaver CH, Davies P. Ancient genes establish stress-induced mutation as a hallmark of cancer. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176258. [PMID: 28441401 PMCID: PMC5404761 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is sometimes depicted as a reversion to single cell behavior in cells adapted to live in a multicellular assembly. If this is the case, one would expect that mutation in cancer disrupts functional mechanisms that suppress cell-level traits detrimental to multicellularity. Such mechanisms should have evolved with or after the emergence of multicellularity. This leads to two related, but distinct hypotheses: 1) Somatic mutations in cancer will occur in genes that are younger than the emergence of multicellularity (1000 million years [MY]); and 2) genes that are frequently mutated in cancer and whose mutations are functionally important for the emergence of the cancer phenotype evolved within the past 1000 million years, and thus would exhibit an age distribution that is skewed to younger genes. In order to investigate these hypotheses we estimated the evolutionary ages of all human genes and then studied the probability of mutation and their biological function in relation to their age and genomic location for both normal germline and cancer contexts. We observed that under a model of uniform random mutation across the genome, controlled for gene size, genes less than 500 MY were more frequently mutated in both cases. Paradoxically, causal genes, defined in the COSMIC Cancer Gene Census, were depleted in this age group. When we used functional enrichment analysis to explain this unexpected result we discovered that COSMIC genes with recessive disease phenotypes were enriched for DNA repair and cell cycle control. The non-mutated genes in these pathways are orthologous to those underlying stress-induced mutation in bacteria, which results in the clustering of single nucleotide variations. COSMIC genes were less common in regions where the probability of observing mutational clusters is high, although they are approximately 2-fold more likely to harbor mutational clusters compared to other human genes. Our results suggest this ancient mutational response to stress that evolved among prokaryotes was co-opted to maintain diversity in the germline and immune system, while the original phenotype is restored in cancer. Reversion to a stress-induced mutational response is a hallmark of cancer that allows for effectively searching “protected” genome space where genes causally implicated in cancer are located and underlies the high adaptive potential and concomitant therapeutic resistance that is characteristic of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Cisneros
- NantOmics, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
- BEYOND Center for Fundamental Concepts in Science, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Kimberly J. Bussey
- NantOmics, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Adam J. Orr
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Milica Miočević
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Charles H. Lineweaver
- Planetary Science Institute, Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics and Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Paul Davies
- BEYOND Center for Fundamental Concepts in Science, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ren X, Zeng R, Wang C, Zhang M, Liang C, Tang Z, Ren J. Structural insight into inhibition of REV7 protein interaction revealed by docking, molecular dynamics and MM/PBSA studies. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra03716c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibitors of the REV7/REV3L protein interaction bind to the two pockets of REV7 divided by the ‘safety-belt’ structure, as revealed by computational modeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Ren
- Department of Pharmacy
- Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital
- Guiyang 550002
- P. R. China
- College of Pharmacy
| | - Rui Zeng
- College of Pharmacy
- Southwest University for Nationalities
- Chengdu 610041
- P. R. China
| | - Changwei Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- School of Pharmacy
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 201203
- P. R. China
| | - Chengyuan Liang
- Department of Pharmacy
- Shaanxi University of Science & Technology
- Xi'an 710021
- P. R. China
| | - Zhonghai Tang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology
- Hunan Agriculture University
- Changsha 410128
- P. R. China
| | - Jinfeng Ren
- Department of Medicine
- Stony Brook University
- Stony Brook
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li H, Lu Y, Pang Y, Li M, Cheng X, Chen J. Propofol enhances the cisplatin-induced apoptosis on cervical cancer cells via EGFR/JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 86:324-333. [PMID: 28011380 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The main purpose of this study was to evaluate propofol and its combined effect with cisplatin on apoptosis of cervical cancer cells and molecular mechanisms of this phenomenon. METHODS The effects of propofol and cisplatin on cell viability and apoptosis were detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, colony formation assay and flow cytometry assay. Besides, protein expression of EGFR/JAK2/STAT3 pathway was determined by western blot. STAT3 was over-expressed in cervical cancer cells by STAT3 cDNA. Expression of EGFR and STAT3 protein of human tissues was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay. RESULTS In this study, we found that not only propofol alone could inhibit cervical cancer cells viability but also could increase the inhibitory effect of cisplatin on cervical cancer cells growth. Meanwhile, propofol sensitized cervical cancer cells to cisplatin-induced apoptosis but not affected normal cervical cells. In genetic level, propofol could enhance the anti-tumor effect of cisplatin through EGFR/JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Further studies indicated that overexpression of EGFR and STAT3 is related to poor prognoses in cervical cancer patients, which contributed to confirm the clinical role of combined application of propofol and cisplatin. CONCLUSION Propofol enhances the cisplatin-induced cell apoptosis cervical cancer cells via EGFR/JAK2/STAT3 pathway and may be developed as a potential therapeutic agent to treat cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Li
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yangyang Pang
- Institute of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
| | - Mengjiao Li
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Jiawei Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
ZHU XIAOZHONG, ZOU SHITAO, ZHOU JUNDONG, ZHU HONGSHENG, ZHANG SHUYU, SHANG ZENGFU, DING WEIQUN, WU JINCHANG, CHEN YIHONG. REV3L, the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase ζ, is involved in the progression and chemoresistance of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2016; 35:1664-70. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
13
|
Samuel P, Pink RC, Brooks SA, Carter DR. miRNAs and ovarian cancer: a miRiad of mechanisms to induce cisplatin drug resistance. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2015; 16:57-70. [PMID: 26567444 DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2016.1121107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most aggressive gynecological cancer. One reason for the low 5-year survival rate of under 40% is that ovarian tumors usually acquire resistance to the platinum-based compounds used to treat them. Resistance to one such compound, cisplatin, can arise via numerous mechanisms that can be categorized as pre-, post-, on- or off-target. Pre-target mechanisms prevent accumulation of cisplatin in the cell, on-target mechanisms allow DNA damage to be repaired more efficiently, post-target mechanisms prevent the damage from inducing apoptosis and off-target mechanisms increase resistance via unrelated compensatory mechanisms. miRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that influence cellular function by repressing gene expression. Here we describe how miRNAs can induce cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cells via pre-, post-, on- and off-target mechanisms. A better understanding of how miRNAs feed into the mechanisms of drug resistance will inform the rational design of combination therapies for ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priya Samuel
- a Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences , Oxford Brookes University , Oxford , UK
| | - Ryan Charles Pink
- a Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences , Oxford Brookes University , Oxford , UK
| | - Susan Ann Brooks
- a Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences , Oxford Brookes University , Oxford , UK
| | - David RaulFrancisco Carter
- a Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences , Oxford Brookes University , Oxford , UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
REV3L, a promising target in regulating the chemosensitivity of cervical cancer cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120334. [PMID: 25781640 PMCID: PMC4364373 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
REV3L, the catalytic subunit of DNA Polymerase ζ (Polζ), plays a significant role in the DNA damage tolerance mechanism of translesion synthesis (TLS). The role of REV3L in chemosensitivity of cervical cancer needs exploration. In the present study, we evaluated the expression of the Polζ protein in paraffin-embedded tissues using immunohistochemistry and found that the expression of Polζ in cervical cancer tissues was higher than that in normal tissues. We then established some cervical cancer cell lines with REV3L suppression or overexpression. Depletion of REV3L suppresses cell proliferation and colony formation of cervical cancer cells through G1 arrest, and REV3L promotes cell proliferation and colony formation of cervical cancer cells by promoting G1 phase to S phase transition. The suppression of REV3L expression enhanced the sensitivity of cervical cancer cells to cisplatin, and the overexpression of REV3L conferred resistance to cisplatin as evidenced by the alteration of apoptosis rates, and significantly expression level changes of anti-apoptotic proteins B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1 (Mcl-1) and B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xl) and proapoptotic Bcl-2-associated x protein (Bax). Our data suggest that REV3L plays an important role in regulating cervical cancer cellular response to cisplatin, and thus targeting REV3L may be a promising way to alter chemosensitivity in cervical cancer patients.
Collapse
|
15
|
Makarova AV, Burgers PM. Eukaryotic DNA polymerase ζ. DNA Repair (Amst) 2015; 29:47-55. [PMID: 25737057 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2015.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on eukaryotic DNA polymerase ζ (Pol ζ), the enzyme responsible for the bulk of mutagenesis in eukaryotic cells in response to DNA damage. Pol ζ is also responsible for a large portion of mutagenesis during normal cell growth, in response to spontaneous damage or to certain DNA structures and other blocks that stall DNA replication forks. Novel insights in mutagenesis have been derived from recent advances in the elucidation of the subunit structure of Pol ζ. The lagging strand DNA polymerase δ shares the small Pol31 and Pol32 subunits with the Rev3-Rev7 core assembly giving a four subunit Pol ζ complex that is the active form in mutagenesis. Furthermore, Pol ζ forms essential interactions with the mutasome assembly factor Rev1 and with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). These interactions are modulated by posttranslational modifications such as ubiquitination and phosphorylation that enhance translesion synthesis (TLS) and mutagenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alena V Makarova
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences (IMG RAS), Kurchatov Sq. 2, Moscow 123182, Russia
| | - Peter M Burgers
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kotsantis P, Jones RM, Higgs MR, Petermann E. Cancer therapy and replication stress: forks on the road to perdition. Adv Clin Chem 2015; 69:91-138. [PMID: 25934360 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Deregulated DNA replication occurs in cancer where it contributes to genomic instability. This process is a target of cytotoxic therapies. Chemotherapies exploit high DNA replication in cancer cells by modifying the DNA template or by inhibiting vital enzymatic activities that lead to slowing or stalling replication fork progression. Stalled replication forks can be converted into toxic DNA double-strand breaks resulting in cell death, i.e., replication stress. While likely crucial for many cancer treatments, replication stress is poorly understood due to its complexity. While we still know relatively little about the role of replication stress in cancer therapy, technical advances in recent years have shed new light on the effect that cancer therapeutics have on replication forks and the molecular mechanisms that lead from obstructed fork progression to cell death. This chapter will give an overview of our current understanding of replication stress in the context of cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Kotsantis
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca M Jones
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Martin R Higgs
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Eva Petermann
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|