1
|
Soroush A, Pourhossein S, Hosseingholizadeh D, Hjazi A, Shahhosseini R, Kavoosi H, Kermanshahi N, Behnamrad P, Ghavamikia N, Dadashpour M, Karkon Shayan S. Anti-cancer potential of zerumbone in cancer and glioma: current trends and future perspectives. Med Oncol 2024; 41:125. [PMID: 38652207 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02327-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Plant-derived immunomodulators and antitumor factors have appealed lots of attention from natural product scientists for their efficiency and safety and their important contribution to well-designed targeted drug action and delivery mechanisms. Zerumbone (ZER), the chief component of Zingiber zerumbet rhizomes, has been examined for its wide-spectrum in the treatment of multi-targeted diseases. The rhizomes have been used as food flavoring agents in numerous cuisines and in flora medication. Numerous in vivo and in vitro experiments have prepared confirmation of ZER as a potent immunomodulator as well as a potential anti-tumor agent. This review is an interesting compilation of all the important results of the research carried out to date to investigate the immunomodulatory and anticancer properties of ZER. The ultimate goal of this comprehensive review is to supply updated information and a crucial evaluation on ZER, including its chemistry and immunomodulating and antitumour properties, which may be of principal importance to supply a novel pathway for subsequent investigation to discover new agents to treat cancers and immune-related sickness. In addition, updated information on the toxicology of ZER has been summarized to support its safety profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Siavash Pourhossein
- Department of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, via Mersin 10, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Turkey
| | | | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Haniyeh Kavoosi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Nazgol Kermanshahi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Parisa Behnamrad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Nima Ghavamikia
- Cardiology Department, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Dadashpour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
- Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yamazaki M, Sekikawa S, Suzuki T, Ogane S, Hashimoto K, Sasaki A, Nomura T. Rac1 activation in oral squamous cell carcinoma as a predictive factor associated with lymph node metastasis. Int J Clin Oncol 2023; 28:1129-1138. [PMID: 37418142 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-023-02374-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Secondary lymph node metastasis (SLNM) indicates a poor prognosis, and limiting it can improve the survival rate in early-stage tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC). Many factors have been identified as predictors of SLNM; however, there is no unified view. Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) was found to be a promoter of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and is also attracting attention as a new therapeutic target. This study aims to investigate the role of Rac1 in metastasis and its relationship with pathological findings in early-stage TSCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rac1 expression levels of 69 cases of stage I/II TSCC specimens and their association with clinicopathological characteristics were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining. The role of Rac1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was examined after Rac1 in OSCC cell lines was silenced in vitro. RESULTS High Rac1 expression was significantly associated with the depth of invasion (DOI), tumor budding (TB), vascular invasion, and SLNM (p < 0.05). Univariate analyses revealed that Rac1 expression, DOI, and TB were factors significantly associated with SLNM (p < 0.05). Moreover, our multivariate analysis suggested that Rac1 expression was the only independent determinant of SLNM. An in vitro study revealed that Rac1 downregulation tended to decrease cell migration and proliferation. CONCLUSION Rac1 was suggested to be an important factor in the metastasis of OSCC, and it could be useful as a predictor of SLNM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masae Yamazaki
- Department of Oral Oncology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Chiyoda, Japan.
| | | | - Taiki Suzuki
- Department of Oral Oncology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Chiyoda, Japan
- Oral Cancer Center, Tokyo Dental College, Chiyoda, Japan
| | - Satoru Ogane
- Department of Plastic, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Hashimoto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ichikawa General Hospital, Tokyo Dental College, Chiyoda, Japan
| | - Aya Sasaki
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ichikawa General Hospital, Tokyo Dental College, Chiyoda, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nomura
- Department of Oral Oncology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Chiyoda, Japan
- Oral Cancer Center, Tokyo Dental College, Chiyoda, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gelsolin and Rac1 Cytoskeleton Protein Microarray Biomarkers in Colon Cancer Metastasis. Indian J Surg 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12262-023-03703-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
|
4
|
Grimes MM, Kenney SR, Dominguez DR, Brayer KJ, Guo Y, Wandinger-Ness A, Hudson LG. The R-enantiomer of ketorolac reduces ovarian cancer tumor burden in vivo. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:40. [PMID: 33413202 PMCID: PMC7791840 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07716-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rho-family GTPases, including Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) and cell division control protein 42 (Cdc42), are important modulators of cancer-relevant cell functions and are viewed as promising therapeutic targets. Based on high-throughput screening and cheminformatics we identified the R-enantiomer of an FDA-approved drug (ketorolac) as an inhibitor of Rac1 and Cdc42. The corresponding S-enantiomer is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with selective activity against cyclooxygenases. We reported previously that R-ketorolac, but not the S-enantiomer, inhibited Rac1 and Cdc42-dependent downstream signaling, growth factor stimulated actin cytoskeleton rearrangements, cell adhesion, migration and invasion in ovarian cancer cell lines and patient-derived tumor cells. METHODS In this study we treated mice with R-ketorolac and measured engraftment of tumor cells to the omentum, tumor burden, and target GTPase activity. In order to gain insights into the actions of R-ketorolac, we also performed global RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis on tumor samples. RESULTS Treatment of mice with R-ketorolac decreased omental engraftment of ovarian tumor cells at 18 h post tumor cell injection and tumor burden after 2 weeks of tumor growth. R-ketorolac treatment inhibited tumor Rac1 and Cdc42 activity with little impact on mRNA or protein expression of these GTPase targets. RNA-seq analysis revealed that R-ketorolac decreased expression of genes in the HIF-1 signaling pathway. R-ketorolac treatment also reduced expression of additional genes associated with poor prognosis in ovarian cancer. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that R-ketorolac may represent a novel therapeutic approach for ovarian cancer based on its pharmacologic activity as a Rac1 and Cdc42 inhibitor. R-ketorolac modulates relevant pathways and genes associated with disease progression and worse outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martha M. Grimes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico USA
| | - S. Ray Kenney
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico USA
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico USA
| | - Dayna R. Dominguez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico USA
| | - Kathryn J. Brayer
- Analytical and Translational Genomics Shared Resource, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico USA
| | - Yuna Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico USA
| | - Angela Wandinger-Ness
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico USA
| | - Laurie G. Hudson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen L, Bi S, Hou J, Zhao Z, Wang C, Xie S. Targeting p21-activated kinase 1 inhibits growth and metastasis via Raf1/MEK1/ERK signaling in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:31. [PMID: 30971268 PMCID: PMC6458688 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0343-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) plays a fundamental role in promoting the development and progression of several cancers and is a potential therapeutic target. However, the biological function and underlying mechanism of PAK1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain unclear. Methods The expression of PAK1 was detected in both ESCC cell lines and clinical samples. Cell growth was measured by MTT, focus formation and soft agar assays. Cell migration and invasion were detected by wound healing and transwell assays. Animal models of subcutaneous tumourigenicity and tail vein metastasis were performed to determine the inhibitory effect of pharmacological inhibitor IPA-3 on tumor growth and metastasis of ESCC cells. Results We found that PAK1 was frequently overexpressed in ESCC. Ectopic expression of PAK1 promoted cellular growth, colony formation and anchorage-independent growth. Overexpressing PAK1 also enhanced migration, invasion and the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in ESCC cells. In contrast, silencing PAK1 by lentiviral knockdown or a specific inhibitor IPA-3 resulted in a contrary effect. Subsequent investigations revealed that Raf1/MEK1/ERK signaling pathway was involved in PAK1-mediated effect. Enhanced expression of Raf1 attenuated the inhibitory functions of PAK1 shRNA. Whereas blocking of Raf1 by shRNA or specific inhibition of MEK1 by U0126 antagonized the oncogenetic effect of PAK1 on ESCC cells. More importantly, Pharmacological inhibition of PAK1 by IPA-3 significantly suppressed tumor growth and lung metastasis of ESCC cells in vivo. Conclusions These data support that PAK1 is an ideal target for the development of potential therapeutic drugs for ESCC patients even with metastasis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12964-019-0343-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Institute of Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Shuning Bi
- Institute of Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Jiuzhou Hou
- Institute of Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Zhijun Zhao
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Luohe Medical College, Luohe, 462000, China.
| | - Chaojie Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
| | - Songqiang Xie
- Institute of Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tata P, Gondaliya P, Sunkaria A, Srivastava A, Kalia K. Modulation of CD44, EGFR and RAC Pathway Genes (WAVE Complex) in Epithelial Cancers. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:833-848. [PMID: 30799784 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190222143044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer hallmarks help in understanding the diversity of various neoplasms. Epithelial cancers play an immense role in the tumor biology through Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) process. Receptor tyrosine kinase, as well as phosphatidyl ionositol-3 kinase pathways, play an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation during EMT. Till date, numerous studies have shown modulation in the expression profile of potential targets like CD44, EGFR, and Rac in epithelial cancers. CD44 interacts with EGFR and recruits other molecules which further activate the Rac pathway intermediates. This review mainly focused on modulation of genes like CD44, EGFR, and Rac pathway intermediates which play a crucial role in the tumor progression, metastasis, proliferation, and invasion characteristics in epithelial cancers with EMT properties. Hence, targeting Rac pathway might be a more strategically relevant approach in treating epithelial cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pranathi Tata
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Palaj, Opposite Air Force Station, Gandhinagar, Gujarat-382355, India
| | - Piyush Gondaliya
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Palaj, Opposite Air Force Station, Gandhinagar, Gujarat-382355, India
| | - Aditya Sunkaria
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Palaj, Opposite Air Force Station, Gandhinagar, Gujarat-382355, India
| | - Akshay Srivastava
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Palaj, Opposite Air Force Station, Gandhinagar, Gujarat-382355, India
| | - Kiran Kalia
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Palaj, Opposite Air Force Station, Gandhinagar, Gujarat-382355, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lou S, Wang P, Yang J, Ma J, Liu C, Zhou M. Prognostic and Clinicopathological Value of Rac1 in Cancer Survival: Evidence from a Meta-Analysis. J Cancer 2018; 9:2571-2579. [PMID: 30026856 PMCID: PMC6036885 DOI: 10.7150/jca.24824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The role of Rac1 in cancer survival has been widely studied. However, the prognostic and clinicopathological value of Rac1 remains inconclusive. We performed a meta-analysis to clarify the role of Rac1 in cancer survival as well as its association with clinicopathological features. Methods: Eligible studies were searched from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science databases. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to detect the prognostic and clinicopathological role of Rac1. Results: A total of 14 studies including 1793 patients were enrolled in the present meta-analysis. Pooled HR for overall survival (OS) (HR=2.02, 95% CI: 1.70-2.39) and disease-free survival (DFS) (HR=2.64, 95% CI: 1.71-4.09) indicated a significant poor prognostic effect for Rac1. Positive Rac1 expression was found to be correlated with tumor stage, blood vessel invasion, and lymph metastasis, but not with histological differentiation. Sensitivity test showed no single study altered OS or DFS significantly. No publication bias was detected by Egger's test and Begg's funnel plot test. Conclusion: This meta-analysis indicated that Rac1 could be used as a potential marker to predict cancer prognosis. Additionally, Rac1 expression was associated with the malignancy-related phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Lou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Penglai Wang
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Xuzhou Stomatological Hospital, 130 Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Jianrong Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Junqing Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Xuzhou Stomatological Hospital, 130 Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Xuzhou Stomatological Hospital, 130 Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tanabe K, Shinsato Y, Furukawa T, Kita Y, Hatanaka K, Minami K, Kawahara K, Yamamoto M, Baba K, Mori S, Uchikado Y, Maemura K, Tanimoto A, Natsugoe S. Filamin C promotes lymphatic invasion and lymphatic metastasis and increases cell motility by regulating Rho GTPase in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:6353-6363. [PMID: 28031525 PMCID: PMC5351637 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
To establish treatments to improve the prognosis of cancer patients, it is necessary to find new targets to control metastasis. We found that expression of FilaminC (FLNC), a member of the actin binding and cross-linking filamin protein family is correlated with lymphatic invasion and lymphatic metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by increasing cell motility through activation of Rho GTPase. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that FLNC expression in ESCC is associated with lymphatic invasion, metastasis, and prognosis. FLNC knockdown in esophageal cancer cell lines decreased cell migration in wound healing and transwell migration assays, and invasion in transwell migration assays. Furthermore, FLNC knockdown reduced the amount of activated Rac-1 (GTP-Rac1) and activated Cdc42 (GTP-Cdc42). Our results suggest that FLNC expression is a useful biomarker of ESCC metastatic tendency and that inhibiting FLNC function may be useful to control the metastasis of ESCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kan Tanabe
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Shinsato
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Furukawa
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,Center for the Research of Advanced Diagnosis and Therapy of Cancer, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kita
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Hatanaka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kentaro Minami
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kohichi Kawahara
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Masatatsu Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kenji Baba
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Mori
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yasuto Uchikado
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kosei Maemura
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akihide Tanimoto
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shoji Natsugoe
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xie L, Li LY, Zheng D, Xie YM, Xu XE, Tao LH, Liao LD, Xie YH, Cheng YW, Xu LY, Li EM. F806 Suppresses the Invasion and Metastasis of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma via Downregulating F-Actin Assembly-Related Rho Family Proteins. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:2049313. [PMID: 30327774 PMCID: PMC6171261 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2049313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Invasion and metastasis are critical pathological and mortal processes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Novel drugs, targeting the two cancer migration stages, will augment the treatment options for ESCC therapy and improve overall survival. A novel natural macrolide F806 specifically promotes apoptosis of various ESCC cells. However, whether F806 can inhibit metastasis of ESCC cells needs further evaluation. Here, our data showed that F806 inhibits dynamic F-actin assembly and then suppresses the migration of ESCC cells in vitro and their invasion and metastasis in vivo. The correlation between cancer migration and actin cytoskeleton assembly was consistent with the ability of F806 to prevent the aggregation of Paxillin, an essential protein for focal adhesion formation through binding to the ends of actin filaments. Furthermore, F806 downregulated the expression and activity of the Rho family proteins cell division cycle 42 (CDC42), RAC family small GTPase 1 (RAC1), and RAS homolog family member A (RHOA). Taken together, these results suggest that F806 can suppress cancer invasion and metastasis via interrupting the assembly of migration components involving F-actin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Li-Yan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Duo Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine of Tumor, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, No. 3688, Nanhai Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Yang-Min Xie
- Experimental Animal Center, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Xiu-E Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Li-Hua Tao
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Lian-Di Liao
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Ying-Hua Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Yin-Wei Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - En-Min Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Clinical significance and prognostic value of TRIM24 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 8:2204-2221. [PMID: 27689360 PMCID: PMC5076458 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Tripartite motif-containing 24 (TRIM24), a member of the transcription intermediary factor 1 family, is defined as a co-regulator with several nuclear receptors, such as RARα. TRIM24 has been reported to be involved in many cancers. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression pattern and prognostic significance of TRIM24 and its relationship with RARα in esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC). Both mRNA and protein expression levels of TRIM24 were found to be significantly decreased in ESCC, as judged by qRT-PCR and western blot. Immunohistochemistry staining shows that the reduced TRIM24 protein is associated with lymph node metastasis (P=0.024), advance pathological TNM (pTNM) stage (P=0.046) and recurrence/metastasis (P=0.001). Upregulated TRIM24 protein predicts longer overall survival and disease-free survival (both P<0.001) and is an independent predictor for good prognosis (HR, 0.519; 95%CI, 0.341-0.788; P=0.002). TRIM24 expression has been proven remarkably to improve prediction of survival of pTNM stage in ESCC patients, especially in stage I and II. However, no significant relationship was found between TRIM24 and RARα expression levels. In conclusion, reduced TRIM24 protein is associated with poor survival in ESCC patients, suggesting TRIM24 protein is a potential prognostic biomarker for ESCC.
Collapse
|
11
|
Guo J, Yu X, Gu J, Lin Z, Zhao G, Xu F, Lu C, Ge D. Regulation of CXCR4/AKT-signaling-induced cell invasion and tumor metastasis by RhoA, Rac-1, and Cdc42 in human esophageal cancer. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:6371-8. [PMID: 26631033 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4504-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
CXC chemokines and their cognate receptors have been implicated wildly in cancer pathogenesis. In the present study, we report a critical cause relationship between CXCR4 expression and tumorigenesis in the setting of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In ESCC cells, CXCR4 expression was significantly higher than in human esophageal epithelial cells (HEEC). Reduction of CXCR4 in ESCC cells reduced cell proliferation and invasion in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Among the potential downstream targets of CXCR4-CXCL12 are RhoA, Rac-1, and Cdc42, which are likely to contribute to the invasiveness of ESCC cells. Finally, we found that CXCR4-CXCL12/AKT axis regulates RhoA, Rac-1, and Cdc42 to modulate cell invasion and tumor metastasis. Together, these results demonstrate a role for CXCR4 in ESCC metastasis and progression and suggest potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo No.1 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofang Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin RD, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongwu Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin RD, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyin Zhao
- Shanghai No.1 Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengkai Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin RD, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunlai Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin RD, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Di Ge
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin RD, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
RND1 is up-regulated in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and promotes the growth and migration of cancer cells. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:773-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3855-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
13
|
Lindskog C, Edlund K, Mattsson JSM, Micke P. Immunohistochemistry-based prognostic biomarkers in NSCLC: novel findings on the road to clinical use? Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2015; 15:471-90. [DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2015.1002772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
14
|
Genome-wide screening and co-expression network analysis identify recurrence-specific biomarkers of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:10959-68. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2388-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
15
|
Abstract
MicroRNAs have crucial roles in development and progression of human cancers, including osteosarcoma. Recent studies have shown that miR-124 was down-regulated in many cancers; however, the role of miR-124 in osteosarcoma development is unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that expression of miR-124 is significantly downregulated in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines, compared to the adjacent tissues. The expression of miR-124 in the metastases osteosarcoma tissues was lower than that in non- metastases tissues. We identified and confirmed Rac1 as a novel, direct target of miR-124 using prediction algorithms and luciferase reporter gene assays. Overexpression of miR-124 suppressed Rac1 protein expression and attenuated cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and induced apoptosis in MG-63 and U2OS in vitro. Moreover, overexpression of Rac1 in miR-124-transfected osteosarcoma cells effectively rescued the inhibition of cell invasion caused by miR-124. Therefore, our results demonstrate that miR-124 is a tumor suppressor miRNA and suggest that this miRNA could be a potential target for the treatment of osteosarcoma in future.
Collapse
|