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Guo L, Liu A, Geng X, Zhao Z, Nie Y, Wang L, Liu D, Li Y, Li Y, Li D, Wang Q, Li Z, Liu X, Li M. The role of spleen radiomics model for predicting prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients receiving definitive radiotherapy. Thorac Cancer 2024; 15:947-964. [PMID: 38480505 PMCID: PMC11045339 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The spleen plays an important role in systemic antitumor immune response, but whether spleen imaging features have predictive effect for prognosis and immune status was unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate computed tomography (CT)-based spleen radiomics to predict the prognosis of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) underwent definitive radiotherapy (dRT) and to try to find its association with systemic immunity. METHODS This retrospective study included 201 ESCC patients who received dRT. Patients were randomly divided into training (n = 142) and validation (n = 59) groups. The pre- and delta-radiomic features were extracted from enhanced CT images. LASSO-Cox regression was used to select the radiomics signatures most associated with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Independent prognostic factors were identified by univariate and multivariate Cox analyses. The ROC curve and C-index were used to evaluate the predictive performance. Finally, the correlation between spleen radiomics and immune-related hematological parameters was analyzed by spearman correlation analysis. RESULTS Independent prognostic factors involved TNM stage, treatment regimen, tumor location, pre- or delta-Rad-score. The AUC of the delta-radiomics combined model was better than other models in the training and validation groups in predicting PFS (0.829 and 0.875, respectively) and OS (0.857 and 0.835, respectively). Furthermore, some spleen delta-radiomic features are significantly correlated with delta-ALC (absolute lymphocyte count) and delta-NLR (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio). CONCLUSIONS Spleen radiomics is expected to be a useful noninvasive tool for predicting the prognosis and evaluating systemic immune status for ESCC patients underwent dRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longxiang Guo
- Department of Radiation OncologyShandong Cancer Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanChina
- Department of Radiation OncologyShandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinanChina
| | - Ao Liu
- Department of Radiation OncologyShandong Cancer Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanChina
- Department of Radiation OncologyShandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinanChina
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanChina
- Department of Radiation OncologyQilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Xiaotao Geng
- Department of Radiation OncologyWeifang People's HospitalWeifangChina
| | - Zongxing Zhao
- Department of Radiation OncologyLiaocheng People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical UniversityLiaochengChina
| | - Yu Nie
- Department of Tumor RadiotherapyShandong Second Provincial General HospitalJi'nanChina
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical UniversityWeifangChina
| | - Defeng Liu
- Department of Radiation OncologyShandong Cancer Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanChina
- Department of Radiation OncologyShandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinanChina
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Radiation OncologyShandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinanChina
| | - Yuanlin Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical UniversityWeifangChina
| | - Dianxing Li
- Department of Radiation OncologyShandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinanChina
| | - Qiankun Wang
- Department of Radiation OncologyShandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinanChina
| | - Zhichao Li
- Department of Radiation OncologyShandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinanChina
| | - Xiuli Liu
- Department of Radiation OncologyShandong Cancer Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanChina
- Department of Radiation OncologyShandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinanChina
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Minghuan Li
- Department of Radiation OncologyShandong Cancer Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanChina
- Department of Radiation OncologyShandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinanChina
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Li Y, Lin L, Liu J, Cai XW, Zhang Q, Song XY, Zhao SG, Ma XM, Fu XL, Yu W. Phase II multicenter trial: first-line immunochemotherapy with or without radiotherapy in metastatic esophageal squamous cell cancer (SCR-ESCC-01). Future Oncol 2023; 19:2291-2296. [PMID: 37937444 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2023-0674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This randomized phase II trial (NCT05978193) combines low-dose radiotherapy (LDRT) and conventionally fractionated radiotherapy (CFRT) with immunochemotherapy for metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, aiming to assess the potential enhanced effect of radiotherapy on immunotherapy. Patients are administered a PD-1 inhibitor along with paclitaxel and platinum-based chemotherapy (arm B), or combined with LDRT and CFRT (arm A). Immunotherapy is given every 3 weeks with chemotherapy for 4 cycles, followed by immunotherapy maintenance therapy for up to 24 months. In arm A, LDRT (2 Gy, 2 fractions; delivered to the primary and all metastatic tumors) precedes each immunochemotherapy cycle for 4 cycles, followed by CFRT (40-50 Gy, 20-25 fractions; delivered to the primary tumor) starting from the fifth immunotherapy cycle. The primary end point is median progression-free survival. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT05978193 (clinicaltrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghafi, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghafi, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghafi, China
| | - Xu-Wei Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghafi, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghafi, China
| | - Xin-Yun Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghafi, China
| | - Sheng-Guang Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiu-Mei Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Long Fu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghafi, China
| | - Wen Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghafi, China
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Dai X, Tao L, Wang J, Wu W, Bian W, Dai X, Chen S. Efficacy and safety of irinotecan combined with raltitrexed or irinotecan monotherapy for salvage chemotherapy of esophageal squamous cell cancer: A prospective, open label, randomized phase II study. Cancer Med 2023; 12:16108-16118. [PMID: 37325938 PMCID: PMC10469638 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) accounts for approximately 90% of esophageal cancer cases in China. There are no standard regimens for second or third-line chemotherapy of metastatic squamous esophageal cancer. The objective of this study was to investigate the security and effectiveness of irinotecan combined with raltitrexed or irinotecan monotherapy for salvage chemotherapy of ESCC. METHODS One hundred and twenty-eight patients with metastatic ESCC confirmed by histopathology were enrolled into this study. These patients had failure of the first-line chemotherapy combination of fluorouracil or platinum or paclitaxel and had not undergone chemotherapy with irinotecan or raltitrexed previously. Patients were randomly divided into irinotecan combined with raltitrexed group (experiment group) and irinotecan monotherapy group (control group). Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were the primary endpoint. RESULTS In the control group, the median PFS (mPFS) and median OS (mOS) of patients were 3.37 and 5.3 months. In the experiment group, mPFS and mOS were 3.91 and 7.0 months. There was statistical significance of PFS and OS between two groups (PFS P = 0.002, OS P = 0.01). In subgroup analysis, in the second-line treatment, the mPFS of control and experiment group, was 3.90 and 4.60 months, mOS was 6.95 and 8.5 months, which was statistically significant differences between the two groups. (PFS P = 0.001, OS P = 0.005), In the third-line and beyond treatment, mPFS of control and experiment group was 2.80 and 3.19 months, mOS were 4.5 and 4.8 months. But there was no significant difference of PFS or OS between the two groups (PFS P = 0.19, OS P = 0.31). There was no statistical significance of toxicity side effects between two groups. CONCLUSIONS The PFS and OS of irinotecan plus raltitrexed may be better than that of irinotecan monotherapy, especially in second line treatment, which should be confirmed with a phase III study including much more patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xichao Dai
- Department of OncologyFirst people's Hospital of YanchengYanchengChina
- Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Leilei Tao
- Department of OncologyFirst people's Hospital of YanchengYanchengChina
- Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Jinqiu Wang
- Yancheng Dafeng People's HospitalYanchengChina
| | - Wenjuan Wu
- Department of OncologyNorthern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Weigang Bian
- Department of OncologyFirst people's Hospital of YanchengYanchengChina
- Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Xichun Dai
- Department of OncologyHongze People's Hospital of Huai'an CityChina
| | - Surong Chen
- Department of OncologyFirst people's Hospital of YanchengYanchengChina
- Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
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Aziz Z, Washington MK, Jacobse J, Choksi Y. A method for scoring 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide-induced murine esophageal squamous neoplasia. Vet Pathol 2023; 60:384-393. [PMID: 36726342 PMCID: PMC10150265 DOI: 10.1177/03009858231151381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A mouse model for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is induced by oral administration of the carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO). There is not an objective method for determining histopathologic severity of disease in this model. We aim to create a clearly defined and easily applied scoring system that can quantify the severity of 4-NQO-induced murine ESCC. Fifteen wild-type C57BL/6J mice were treated with 4-NQO for 8 (n = 8) or 16 (n = 7) weeks, while the rest (n = 9) were treated with vehicle, as 8 weeks of 4-NQO typically results in dysplasia and 16 weeks in carcinoma. We identified histologic abnormalities of the esophagus in this model and developed metrics to grade severity of dysplasia, papillomas, and invasion. Scores were then calculated using quantitative digitized image analysis for measuring depth and extent of each feature within the entire sample. Each feature was also assigned a weight based on its relation to cancer severity. Histology scores were significantly different in the three groups, suggesting that this method can discriminate dysplasia from carcinoma. This model can be applied to any mouse treated with 4-NQO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaryab Aziz
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center,
Nashville, TN
| | | | - Justin Jacobse
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center,
Nashville, TN
- Leiden University Medical Center,
Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yash Choksi
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center,
Nashville, TN
- VA Tennessee Valley Health Care System,
Nashville, TN
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Li R, Huang B, Tian H, Sun Z. Immune evasion in esophageal squamous cell cancer: From the perspective of tumor microenvironment. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1096717. [PMID: 36698392 PMCID: PMC9868934 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1096717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most life-threatening malignancies worldwide. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the dominant subtype, accounting for approximately 90% of new incident EC each year. Although multidisciplinary treatment strategies have advanced rapidly, patients with ESCC are often diagnosed at advanced stage and the long-term prognosis remains unsatisfactory. In recent decades, immunotherapy, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), tumor vaccines, and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy, has been successfully used in clinical practice as a novel therapy for treating tumors, bringing new hope to ESCC patients. However, only a small fraction of patients achieved clinical benefits due to primary or acquired resistance. Immune evasion plays a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of ESCC. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the mechanisms by which ESCC cells escape from anti-tumor immunity is necessary for a more effective multidisciplinary treatment strategy. It has been widely recognized that immune evasion is closely associated with the crosstalk between tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME). TME is a dynamic complex and comprehensive system including not only cellular components but also non-cellular components, which influence hallmarks and fates of tumor cells from the outside. Novel immunotherapy targeting tumor-favorable TME represents a promising strategy to achieve better therapeutic responses for patients with ESCC. In this review, we provide an overview of immune evasion in ESCC, mainly focusing on the molecular mechanisms that underlie the role of TME in immune evasion of ESCC. In addition, we also discuss the challenges and opportunities of precision therapy for ESCC by targeting TME.
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Liang M, Xu C, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Cao J. Effect of anesthesia assistance on the detection rate of precancerous lesions and early esophageal squamous cell cancer in esophagogastroduodenoscopy screening: A retrospective study based on propensity score matching. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1039979. [PMID: 37035346 PMCID: PMC10078984 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1039979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) screening is vital for the early diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC). However, improvement in the detection rate of precancerous lesions and early ESCC with anesthesia assistance (AA) has not yet been investigated. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the effect of AA on the detection rate of precancerous lesions and early ESCC in patients undergoing EGD screening and identify risk factors affecting the detection rate. Methods We reviewed patients' electronic medical records who underwent EGD screening between May 2019 and August 2020. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether they received AA: those in Group A underwent EGD screening with AA, and patients in Group O underwent EGD screening without AA. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to account for differences in baseline characteristics. Detection rates of precancerous lesions and early ESCC were compared between the two groups following PSM. Binary logistic regression was used to identify risk factors affecting the detection rate. Results The final analysis included 21,835 patients (Group A = 13,319, Group O = 8,516) from 28,985 patients who underwent EGD screening during the study period. Following PSM, 6009 patients remained in each group for analysis. There was no significant difference in the detection rate of precancerous lesions and early ESCC between Groups A and O (1.1% vs. 0.8%, p > 0.05). Binary logistic regression showed that age (50-59 years, 60-69 years and 70-79 years), higher endoscopist seniority, high-definition (HD) endoscopy, narrow-band imaging (NBI), and number of endoscopic images were all independent risk factors that affected the detection rate of precancerous lesions and early ESCC. Conclusion There was no statistically significant difference in the detection rate of precancerous lesions and early ESCC between patients who underwent EGD screening with and without AA. All independent risk factors that affected the detection rate of precancerous lesions and early ESCC included the following: age (50-59 years, 60-69 years and 70-79 years), higher endoscopist seniority, HD endoscopy, NBI, and number of endoscopic images. Endoscopists should consider all these factors as much as possible when performing EGD screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Chunhong Xu
- Department of Astroenterology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Xinyan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Zongwang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Zongwang Zhang,
| | - Junli Cao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Junli Cao,
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Li Y, Ji Y, Shen L, Yin X, Huang T, Deng B, Guo H, Wu Y, Chen Y. Clinical efficacy of combination therapy of an immune checkpoint inhibitor with taxane plus platinum versus an immune checkpoint inhibitor with fluorouracil plus platinum in the first-line treatment of patients with locally advanced, metastatic, or recurrent esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1015302. [PMID: 36605427 PMCID: PMC9808083 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1015302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chemotherapy combined with immune checkpoints inhibitors (ICIs) has been established as a standard treatment for locally advanced, metastatic, or recurrent esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC). However, the optimal chemotherapy regimen in combination therapy is still unclear. Purpose To investigate the efficacy and adverse events of the fluorouracil plus platinum (FP) and taxane plus platinum (TP) regimens in ESCC patients receiving chemo-immunotherapy, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods Potentially eligible studies were searched from Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Pooled rates of overall response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and adverse events were compared between ICIs+TP and ICIs+FP groups in ESCC patients receiving first-line chemo-immunotherapy. Results A total of 10 clinical trials were included, of which 5 were randomized controlled trials. Compared with chemotherapy alone, chemo-immunotherapy significantly improved the OS of ESCC patients (pooled HR=0.69; 95% CI, 0.63-0.76; p<0.01). Pooled analysis revealed that ESCC patients receiving ICIs+TP had significantly higher ORR, DCR, PFS, and OS rates than those receiving ICIs+FP. No statistically significant difference in the pooled incidence rate of treatment-related death was found (2.3% vs 0.9%, P=0.08). ICIs+TP had significantly higher rates of hematologic toxicity but lower rates of gastrointestinal toxicity than ICIs+FP. Conclusions Based on the current data, the first-line treatment using ICIs+TP may be a better option than ICIs+FP in advanced, metastatic, or recurrent ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Radio-Chemotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanyan Ji
- Department of Radio-Chemotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Shen
- Department of Radio-Chemotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xudong Yin
- Department of Radio-Chemotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianyu Huang
- Department of Radio-Chemotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunjiang Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Radio-Chemotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China,*Correspondence: Yong Chen,
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Liu X, Zhang K, Tang J, Jiang L, Jiang Y, Wang Q. Adjuvant chemotherapy for lymph node positive esophageal squamous cell cancer: The prediction role of low mean platelet volume. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1067682. [PMID: 36561527 PMCID: PMC9763308 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1067682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to examine whether MPV is a useful prognostic marker and investigated whether MPV is a risk factor that helps identify patients with locally advanced-stage ESCC who will most likely benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods Patients (n =1690) with histologically confirmed ESCC were diagnosed with locally advanced stage (pT3-4N0M0 and pT1-4N+M0) at Sichuan Cancer Hospital from 2009 to 2017. Clinicopathological factors and platelet-related values were tested for their associations with survival using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. The optimal cut-off value for continuous variables was determined using the 'maxstat' R package. The KM curve continuous variable analysis was performed to identify the optimal cut-off value for MPV. Cumulative survival rates were determined using the Kaplan-Meier estimator and compared using the log-rank test. The survival analysis was performed using the 'survival' R package. All statistical analyses were performed using R software 4.1.3 (https://www.r-project.org/), and a two-sided p-value <0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. Results Multivariate analysis indicated that low MPV was an important risk factor for overall survival in locally advanced ESCC, independent of classic clinicopathological factors. The optimal cut-off value of MPV (11.8 fL) was used to stratify high-risk patients. Patients with low mean platelet volumes had a worse prognosis than those with larger platelet volumes, according to Kaplan-Meier analysis and the log-rank test. Patients diagnosed with a pathological lymph node-positive stage with a low MPV (≤11.8 fL) benefited from postoperative chemotherapy, but not those with a high-level MPV (>11.8 fL). Conclusion MPV served as an independent predictor of prognosis of locally advanced-stage ESCC and predicted a survival benefit conferred by postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in lymph node-positive ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Liu
- Departments of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,Department of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Kaijiong Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Departments of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Departments of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qifeng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Qifeng Wang,
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Yibulayin X, Xu K, Yibulayin W, Abulaiti A, Wu Z, He D, Ran A, Ma L, Sun X. Single-port inflatable mediastinoscopic esophagectomy is a cure for esophageal cancer patients: Case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31619. [PMID: 36401468 PMCID: PMC9678513 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE It is often difficult to perform transthoracic esophagectomy (TTE) in patients with chest deformities, as these patients may be lost to surgery for non-oncological reasons. PATIENT CONCERNS In this case, we had a patient with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) who was not suitable for TTE because of extensive thoracic adhesions caused by the left pneumonectomy 8 years ago. DIAGNOSES ESCC. INTERVENTIONS Based on Professor Fujiwara's surgical method, we further improved it by proposing a single-port inflatable mediastinoscopy combined with laparoscopic-assisted esophagectomy. OUTCOMES At the time of this writing, computed tomography and gastroscopy revealed no stenosis of anastomosis, and no evidence of disease recurrence. LESSONS To the best of our knowledge, the present case is the first single-port inflatable mediastinoscopic esophagectomy performed on a patient undergoing pneumonectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiayimaierdan Yibulayin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Keming Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Waresijiang Yibulayin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Abulimiti Abulaiti
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhenhua Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Dan He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Anpeng Ran
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Lei Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaohong Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- * Correspondence: Xiaohong Sun, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 789 Suzhou East St., Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China (e-mail: )
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Tang X, Yang J, Shi A, Xiong Y, Wen M, Luo Z, Tian H, Zheng K, Liu Y, Shu C, Ma N, Wang R, Zhao J. CD155 Cooperates with PD-1/PD-L1 to Promote Proliferation of Esophageal Squamous Cancer Cells via PI3K/Akt and MAPK Signaling Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14. [PMID: 36428703 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer is still a leading cause of death among all tumors in males, with unsatisfactory responses to novel immunotherapies such as anti-PD-1 agents. Herein, we explored the role of CD155 in esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCA) and its underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS Publicly available datasets were used for differential gene expression and immune infiltration analyses, and their correlation with patient survival. A total of 322 ESCA and 161 paracancer samples were collected and evaluated by performing immunohistochemistry and the H score was obtained by performing semiquantitative analysis. In vitro transfection of ESCA cell lines with lentivirus vectors targeting CD155 was performed to knockdown the protein. These cells were analyzed by conducting RNA sequencing, and the effects of CD155 knockdown on cell cycle and apoptosis were verified with flow cytometry and Western blotting. In addition, in vivo experiments using these engineered cell lines were performed to determine the role of CD155 in tumor formation. A small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of Nectin3 was used to determine whether it phenocopied the profile of CD155 knockdown. RESULTS CD155 is highly expressed in ESCA tissues and is positively associated with PD1, PDL1, CD4, IL2RA, and S100A9 expression. Furthermore, CD155 knockdown inhibited ESCA cells' proliferation by impairing the cell cycle and inducing cell apoptosis. Bioinformatics analysis of the gene expression profile of these engineered cells showed that CD155 mainly contributed to the regulation of PI3K/Akt and MAPK signals. The downregulation of Nectin3 expression phenocopied the profile of CD155 knockdown. DISCUSSION CD155 may cooperate with PD-1/PD-L1 to support ESCA proliferation in ways other than regulating its underlying immune mechanisms. Indeed, CD155 downregulation can impair ESCA cell pro-cancerous behavior via the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways. Moreover, Nectin3 may be a ligand of CD155 and participate in the regulation of ESCA cells' proliferation. Hence, the inhibition of CD155 may enhance the therapeutic effect of anti-PD-1 immunotherapies in ESCA.
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11
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Shi YJ, Liu C, Wei YY, Li XT, Shen L, Lu ZH, Sun YS. Quantitative CT analysis to predict esophageal fistula in patients with advanced esophageal cancer treated by chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. Cancer Imaging 2022; 22:62. [PMCID: PMC9636691 DOI: 10.1186/s40644-022-00490-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Esophageal fistula is one of the most serious complications of chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for advanced esophageal cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of quantitative computed tomography (CT) analysis and to establish a practical imaging model for predicting esophageal fistula in esophageal cancer patients treated with chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. Methods This study retrospectively enrolled 204 esophageal cancer patients (54 patients with fistula, 150 patients without fistula) and all patients were allocated to the primary and validation cohorts according to the time of inclusion in a 1:1 ratio. Ulcer depth, tumor thickness and length, and minimum and maximum enhanced CT values of esophageal cancer were measured in pretreatment CT imaging. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the associations of CT quantitative measurements with esophageal fistula. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was also used. Results Logistic regression analysis showed that independent predictors of esophageal fistula included tumor thickness [odds ratio (OR) = 1.167; p = 0.037], the ratio of ulcer depth to adjacent tumor thickness (OR = 164.947; p < 0.001), and the ratio of minimum to maximum enhanced CT value (OR = 0.006; p = 0.039) in the primary cohort at baseline CT imaging. These predictors were used to establish a predictive model for predicting esophageal fistula, with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) of 0.946 and 0.841 in the primary and validation cohorts, respectively. The quantitative analysis combined with T stage for predicting esophageal fistula had AUCs of 0.953 and 0.917 in primary and validation cohorts, respectively. Conclusion Quantitative pretreatment CT analysis has excellent performance for predicting fistula formation in esophageal cancer patients who treated by chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40644-022-00490-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jie Shi
- grid.412474.00000 0001 0027 0586Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Radiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, No.52 Fu Cheng Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing, 100142 China
| | - Chang Liu
- grid.412474.00000 0001 0027 0586Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, No.52 Fu Cheng Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing, 100142 China
| | - Yi-Yuan Wei
- grid.412474.00000 0001 0027 0586Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Radiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, No.52 Fu Cheng Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing, 100142 China
| | - Xiao-Ting Li
- grid.412474.00000 0001 0027 0586Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Radiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, No.52 Fu Cheng Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing, 100142 China
| | - Lin Shen
- grid.412474.00000 0001 0027 0586Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, No.52 Fu Cheng Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing, 100142 China
| | - Zhi-Hao Lu
- grid.412474.00000 0001 0027 0586Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, No.52 Fu Cheng Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing, 100142 China
| | - Ying-Shi Sun
- grid.412474.00000 0001 0027 0586Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Radiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, No.52 Fu Cheng Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing, 100142 China
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12
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Yang D, Xu F, Li Y, Lai X, Xian B, Yu P, Chen R, Li Z, Ma D. Assessment of durable chemoimmunotherapy response via circulating tumor DNA in advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Thorac Cancer 2022; 13:2786-2791. [PMID: 35997004 PMCID: PMC9527169 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)‐based therapies have shown promising advances for the first‐line treatment of advanced or metastatic esophageal cancer (EC). However, few studies concerning the identification of patients who achieve durable response from ICIs have been previously reported. In the present study, pre‐ and on‐treatment plasma circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) were analyzed in 10 patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) receiving first‐line chemoimmunotherapy. Patients with decreased molecular tumor burden index (mTBI) >7% experienced longer progression‐free survival (PFS) and durable clinical benefit (DCB, PFS ≥ 6 months). In addition, five patients showed stable disease at first scan, all three patients with decreased mTBI > 7% achieved DCB, while two cases with decreased mTBI ≤ 7% experienced non‐DCB. Our results demonstrate that ctDNA monitor might help identify which ESCC patients respond to chemoimmunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Yang
- Secondary division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Secondary division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Li
- Secondary division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaorong Lai
- Secondary division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bohong Xian
- Secondary division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengli Yu
- Department of Medicine, Geneplus-Beijing Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Rongrong Chen
- Department of Medicine, Geneplus-Beijing Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zijun Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Ma
- Secondary division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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13
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Kanamori A, Goda K, Nakamura T, Yamagishi H, Ohwada A, Abe K, Suzuki T, Kondo M, Tanaka T, Yamamiya A, Takimoto Y, Hoshi K, Arisaka T, Sugaya T, Tominaga K, Majima Y, Iijima M, Irisawa A. Salvage Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Local Recurrence of Superficial Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer after Photodynamic Therapy. Intern Med 2022; 61:2149-2153. [PMID: 34980795 PMCID: PMC9381333 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.8573-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy is useful as organ-preservation salvage therapy for residual recurrence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after chemoradiation therapy. However, the high residual recurrence rate of photodynamic therapy poses a problem. We herein report a patient who underwent photodynamic therapy for recurrence of superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after chemoradiation therapy. The patient later exhibited another episode of recurrence of superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and R0 curative resection was obtained with endoscopic submucosal dissection. This suggests that endoscopic submucosal dissection may be an effective treatment option that can achieve R0 resection even for residual superficial cancer after salvage photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Kanamori
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dokkyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Kenichi Goda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dokkyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dokkyo Medical University, Japan
| | | | - Atsuko Ohwada
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Dokkyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Abe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dokkyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Tsunehiro Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dokkyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kondo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dokkyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Takanao Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dokkyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Akira Yamamiya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dokkyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Yoichi Takimoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dokkyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Koki Hoshi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dokkyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Takahiro Arisaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dokkyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sugaya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dokkyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Keiichi Tominaga
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dokkyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Yuichi Majima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dokkyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Makoto Iijima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dokkyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Atsushi Irisawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dokkyo Medical University, Japan
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14
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Wei T, Ti W, Song Q, Cheng Y. Study of PD-1 Inhibitors in Combination with Chemoradiotherapy/Chemotherapy in Patients with Esophageal Squamous Carcinoma. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:2920-2927. [PMID: 35621628 PMCID: PMC9139405 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29050238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors in combination with concurrent CRT/CT for patients with inoperable ESCC in the real world and to find predictors for the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors. Patients with unresectable ESCC were evaluated at baseline. The clinical data of patients with ESCC who received CRT/CT with or without PD-1 inhibitor were collected and retrospectively reviewed. The objective response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed statistically. A total of 96 patients with ESCC were included. As compared with a control group (n = 48), the PFS (6.0 months vs. 5.0 months, p = 0.025) and 6-month OS (70.8% vs. 47.9%, p < 0.001) were significantly longer in the ICIs group (n = 48). There were no significant differences in ORR and 12-month OS between the two groups. In addition, we found that body mass index (BMI) was associated with PFS (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.76−0.95, and p = 0.004) and OS (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.69−0.98, and p = 0.033) in the ICIs group. PD-1 inhibitors combined with CRT/CT is safe with acceptable complications and improved survival for patients with inoperable ESCC. CRT plus PD-1 inhibitor has superior antitumor efficacy. BMI was positively correlated with the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Qingxu Song
- Correspondence: (Q.S.); (Y.C.); Tel.: +86-185-6008-1265 (Q.S.); +86-185-6008-1666 (Y.C.)
| | - Yufeng Cheng
- Correspondence: (Q.S.); (Y.C.); Tel.: +86-185-6008-1265 (Q.S.); +86-185-6008-1666 (Y.C.)
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15
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Wang W, Yi Y, Jia Y, Dong X, Zhang J, Song X, Song Y. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with liposomal paclitaxel plus platinum for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell cancer: Results from a retrospective study. Thorac Cancer 2022; 13:824-831. [PMID: 35118824 PMCID: PMC8930492 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study analyzed the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with liposomal paclitaxel plus platinum in patients with locally advanced resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). METHODS The data of patients with locally advanced resectable ESCC (staging cT2N + M0, cT3-4aNanyM0, IA-IVA) who received preoperative chemotherapy with liposomal paclitaxel plus platinum (cisplatin, nedaplatin or carboplatin) in HuanXing Cancer Hospital from July 2018 to October 2019 were collected. The primary endpoint of this study was R0 resection rate, and secondary endpoints were pathological complete response (pCR) rate, 1- and 2-year overall survival (OS) rate, 1-year and 18-month disease-free survival (DFS) rate, and safety. RESULTS A total of 32 eligible patients were included in this study. All patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery. The R0 resection rate was 93.8%, the pCR rate was 12.5%, and down-staging was achieved in 14 patients (47.8%). Median follow-up was 31.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 30.1-31.9 months). The 1- and 2-year OS rates were 96.9% and 78.1%, and the 1-year and 18-month DFS rates were 86.7% and 76.7%, respectively. The median DFS and OS were not reached. The incidence rate of neoadjuvant chemotherapy related grade 3-4 adverse events was 21.9%, including neutropenia (21.9%) and leukopenia (9.4%). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that liposomal paclitaxel combined with platinum as neoadjuvant chemotherapy can provide satisfactory R0 resection rate and survival rate, and significant tumor down-staging effect for patients with locally advanced resectable ESCC, with safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhong Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of HuanXing Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of HuanXing Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Yinghui Jia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of HuanXing Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxin Dong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of HuanXing Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Junxia Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of HuanXing Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomeng Song
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of HuanXing Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Song
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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16
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Zhou S, Guo Z, Lv X, Zhang X. CircGOT1 promotes cell proliferation, mobility, and glycolysis-mediated cisplatin resistance via inhibiting its host gene GOT1 in esophageal squamous cell cancer. Cell Cycle 2021; 21:247-260. [PMID: 34919012 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2021.2015671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) is a prevalent malignant cancer with high incidence and fatality rate. Surging evidences have revealed that circular RNAs (circRNAs) act key role in ESCC tumorigenesis and progression. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the role and regulatory mechanism of a novel circGOT1 in ESCC. In the present study, the transcriptional expression of circGOT1, miR-606 and GOT1, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and apoptosis-related markers were examined by quantitative PCR. The protein levels of GOT1 and glycolysis-related proteins were detected by Western blotting. In addition, the glycolytic levels were determined via measuring glucose uptake, lactate production, and ATP levels. Then, the function experiments and rescue experiments were used to investigate the function and mechanism of circGOT1 in ESCC. In addition, RNA immunoprecipitation, pull-down, and luciferase activity reporter gene assays were used to analyze the circGOT1/miR-606/GOT1 axis. The xenograft mouse mode was used to determine the function of circGOT1 in vivo. Here, we identified that circGOT1 and GOT1 upregulate, whereas miR-606 was reduced in ESCC tissues and cell lines. High circGOT1 and GOT1 expression associated with poor survival and worse prognosis of ESCC patients, but miR-606 revealed opposite traits. Mechanically, circGOT1 sponged miR-606 to promote GOT1, which induced cell proliferation, migration, aerobic glycolysis, and cisplatin resistance. The tumor growth was reduced by circGOT1 inhibition in xenograft mouse. Our results indicate the oncogene role of circGOT1 in ESCC via an endogenous competition RNA (ceRNA) mechanism to promote GOT1 expression via sponging miR-606.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Handan Central Hospital, Handan, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Guo
- Department of Oncology, Handan Central Hospital, Handan, P.R. China
| | - Xueli Lv
- Department of Oncology, Shexian Hospital, Shexian, P.R. China
| | - Xueqiang Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Handan Central Hospital, Handan, P.R. China
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17
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Yang XX, Li Z, Shao XJ, Ji R, Qu JY, Zheng MQ, Sun YN, Zhou RC, You H, Li LX, Feng J, Yang XY, Li YQ, Zuo XL. Real-time artificial intelligence for endoscopic diagnosis of early esophageal squamous cell cancer (with video). Dig Endosc 2021; 33:1075-1084. [PMID: 33275789 DOI: 10.1111/den.13908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Endoscopic diagnosis of early esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) is complicated and dependent on operators' experience. This study aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) model for automatic diagnosis of early ESCC. METHODS Non-magnifying and magnifying endoscopic images of normal/noncancerous lesions, early ESCC, and advanced esophageal cancer (AEC) were retrospectively obtained from Qilu Hospital of Shandong University. A total of 10,988 images from 5075 cases were chosen for training and validation. Another 2309 images from 1055 cases were collected for testing. One hundred and four real-time videos were also collected to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the AI model. The diagnostic performance of the AI model was compared with endoscopists by magnifying images and the assistant efficiency of the AI model for novices was evaluated. RESULTS The AI diagnosis for non-magnifying images showed a per-patient accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 99.5%, 100%, 99.5% for white light imaging, and 97.0%, 97.2%, 96.4% for optical enhancement/iodine straining images. Regarding diagnosis for magnifying images, the per-patient accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were 88.1%, 90.9%, and 85.0%. The diagnostic accuracy of the AI model was similar to experts (84.5%, P = 0.205) and superior to novices (68.5%, P = 0.005). The diagnostic performance of novices was significantly improved by AI assistance. When it comes to the diagnosis for real-time videos, the AI model showed acceptable performance as well. CONCLUSIONS The AI model could accurately recognize early ESCC among noncancerous mucosa and AEC. It could be a potential assistant for endoscopists, especially for novices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xiao Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xue-Jun Shao
- Qingdao Medicon Digital Engineering Co. Ltd, Qingdao, China
| | - Rui Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI tumor, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jun-Yan Qu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Meng-Qi Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yi-Ning Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ru-Chen Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hang You
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Li-Xiang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jian Feng
- Qingdao Medicon Digital Engineering Co. Ltd, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan-Qing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiu-Li Zuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI tumor, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Schiffmann LM, Plum PS, Fuchs HF, Babic B, Bruns CJ, Schmidt T. Tumor Microenvironment of Esophageal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4678. [PMID: 34572905 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Esophageal cancer is one of the top ten most deadly cancers. Even when diagnosed in a curable stage, patients prognosis poor. One of the parameters that is very relevant for long-term survival is response to radio(chemo)therapy prior surgery. Complete response rates are between 24 and 50 percent. This puts more than a half of every esophageal cancer patient that is diagnosed in a non-metastasized stage at high risk of recurrence. To improve response rates of treatment regimens prior curative surgery is, therefore, a major challenge in treating esophageal cancer. Not only the response of the cancer cell itself to cancer therapy is determining patients’ fate. Cells around the tumor cells called the tumor microenvironment that together with the cancer cell constitute a malignant tumor are also involved in tumor progression and therapy response. This review depicts the most important parts of the esophageal cancer microenvironment, evaluates chances and challenges of current already established therapeutic concepts that target this microenvironment. It furthermore elucidates specific pathways that are potential valuable targets in the future. Abstract Esophageal cancer is among the top ten most deadly cancers worldwide with adenocarcinomas of the esophagus showing increasing incidences over the last years. The prognosis is determined by tumor stage at diagnosis and in locally advanced stages by response to (radio-)chemotherapy followed by radical surgery. Less than a third of patients with esophageal adenocarcinomas completely respond to neoadjuvant therapies which urgently asks for further strategies to improve these rates. Aiming at the tumor microenvironment with novel targeted therapies can be one strategy to achieve this goal. This review connects experimental, translational, and clinical findings on each component of the esophageal cancer tumor microenvironment involving tumor angiogenesis, tumor-infiltrating immune cells, such as macrophages, T-cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and cancer-associated fibroblasts. The review evaluates the current state of already approved concepts and depicts novel potentially targetable pathways related to esophageal cancer tumor microenvironment.
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Kato T, Oshikiri T, Goto H, Urakawa N, Hasegawa H, Kanaji S, Yamashita K, Matsuda T, Nakamura T, Suzuki S, Kakeji Y. Preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts the prognosis of esophageal squamous cell cancer patients undergoing minimally invasive esophagectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. J Surg Oncol 2021; 124:1022-1030. [PMID: 34460103 DOI: 10.1002/jso.26611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the primary treatment for resectable advanced esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) is neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE). Because the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a widely reported prognostic factor in several cancers, we investigated whether the preoperative NLR is a biomarker in ESCC patients treated with NAC and MIE. METHODS In this study, we investigated 174 ESCC patients who underwent MIE from January 2010 to December 2015, including 121 patients who received NAC. The cutoff value of the NLR was analyzed using the receiver operating characteristic curve. Multivariate analyses were performed to clarify independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS). RESULTS The cutoff value of the NLR for OS in 121 patients who received NAC was 2.5 ng/ml, and the area under the curve was 0.63026 (p = 0.0127). The 5-year OS rate was 64% in those with an NLR <2.5 and 39% in those with an NLR ≥2.5. According to multivariate analysis, NLR ≥2.5, pathological T, pathological N, and intraoperative blood loss of >415 ml were independent poor prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS NLR is a biomarker of prognosis in ESCC patients who undergo MIE after NAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kato
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Taro Oshikiri
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hironobu Goto
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Naoki Urakawa
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hasegawa
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Shingo Kanaji
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kimihiro Yamashita
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takeru Matsuda
- Division of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tetsu Nakamura
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Suzuki
- Division of Community Medicine and Medical Network, Department of Social Community Medicine and Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kakeji
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
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20
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Chidambaram S, Markar SR. Clinical utility and applicability of circulating tumor DNA testing in esophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Dis Esophagus 2021; 35:6324875. [PMID: 34286823 PMCID: PMC8832526 DOI: 10.1093/dote/doab046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is an aggressive malignancy with a relatively poor prognosis even after multimodality therapy. Currently, patients undergo a series of investigations that can be invasive and costly or pose secondary risks to their health. In other malignancies, liquid biopsies of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) are used in clinical practice for diagnostic and surveillance purposes. This systematic review summarizes the latest evidence for the clinical applicability of ctDNA technology in esophageal cancer. A systematic review of the literature was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Review and Scopus databases. Articles were evaluated for the use of ctDNA for diagnosis and monitoring of patients with esophageal cancer. Quality assessment of studies was performed using the QUADAS-2 tool. A meta-analysis was performed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of sequencing methodologies. We included 15 studies that described the use of ctDNA technology in the qualitative synthesis and eight studies involving 414 patients in the quantitative analysis. Of these, four studies assessed its utility in cancer diagnosis, while four studies evaluated its use for prognosis and monitoring. The pooled sensitivity and specificity for diagnostic studies were 71.0% (55.7-82.6%) and 98.6% (33.9-99.9%), while the pooled sensitivity and specificity for surveillance purposes were 48.9% (29.4-68.8%) and 95.5% (90.6-97.9%). ctDNA technology is an acceptable method for diagnosis and monitoring with a moderate sensitivity and high specificity that is enhanced in combination with current imaging methods. Further work should demonstrate the practical integration of ctDNA in the diagnostic and surveillance clinical pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swathikan Chidambaram
- Address correspondence to: Sheraz R. Markar, Division of Surgery, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Academic Surgical Unit, 10th Floor QEQM, St Mary’s Hospital, South Wharf Road, London W2 1NY, UK.
| | - Sheraz R Markar
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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21
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Zeng B, Huang P, Du P, Sun X, Huang X, Fang X, Li L. Comprehensive Study of Germline Mutations and Double-Hit Events in Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:637431. [PMID: 33889545 PMCID: PMC8056176 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.637431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) is the eighth most common cancer around the world. Several reports have focused on somatic mutations and common germline mutations in ESCC. However, the contributions of pathogenic germline alterations in cancer susceptibility genes (CSGs), highly frequently mutated CSGs, and pathogenically mutated CSG-related pathways in ESCC remain unclear. We obtained data on 571 ESCC cases from public databases and East Asian from the 1000 Genomes Project database and the China Metabolic Analytics Project database to characterize pathogenic mutations. We detected 157 mutations in 75 CSGs, accounting for 25.0% (143/571) of ESCC cases. Six genes had more than five mutations: TP53 (n = 15 mutations), GJB2 (n = 8), BRCA2 (n = 6), RECQL4 (n = 6), MUTYH (n = 6), and PMS2 (n = 5). Our results identified significant differences in pathogenic germline mutations of TP53, BRCA2, and RECQL4 between the ESCC and control cohorts. Moreover, we identified 84 double-hit events (16 germline/somatic double-hit events and 68 somatic/somatic double-hit events) occurring in 18 tumor suppressor genes from 83 patients. Patients who had ESCC with germline/somatic double-hit events were diagnosed at younger ages than patients with the somatic/somatic double-hit events, though the correlation was not significant. Fanconi anemia was the most enriched pathway of pathogenically mutated CSGs, and it appeared to be a primary pathway for ESCC predisposition. The results of this study identified the underlying roles that pathogenic germline mutations in CSGs play in ESCC pathogenesis, increased our awareness about the genetic basis of ESCC, and provided suggestions for using highly mutated CSGs and double-hit features in the early discovery, prevention, and genetic counseling of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zeng
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Peina Du
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | | | | | - Xiaodong Fang
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lin Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
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22
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Suo C, Chen H, Binczyk F, Zhao R, Fan J, Yang X, Yuan Z, Kreil D, Łabaj P, Zhang T, Lu M, Jin L, Polańska J, Chen X, Ye W. Tumor infiltrating lymphocyte signature is associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms and predicts survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:10369-10386. [PMID: 33819921 PMCID: PMC8064198 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Esophageal cancer is the sixth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and is associated with a poor prognosis. Stromal tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (sTIL) and certain single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been found to be predictive of patient survival. In this study, we explored the association between SNPs and sTIL regarding the predictability of disease-free survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Materials and methods: We collected 969 pathologically confirmed ESCC patients from 2010 to 2013 and genotyped 101 SNPs from 59 genes. The number of sTIL for each patient was determined using an automatic algorithm. A Kruskal-Wallis test was used to determine the association between genotype and sTIL. The genotypes and clinical factors related to survival were analyzed using a Kaplan-Meier curve, Cox proportional hazards model, and log-rank test. Results: The median age of the patients was 67 (42-85 years), there was a median follow-up of 851.5 days and 586 patients died. The univariable analysis showed that 10 of the 101 SNPs were associated with sTIL. Six SNPs were also associated with disease-free survival. A multivariable analysis revealed that sTIL, rs1801131, rs25487, and rs8030672 were independent prognostic markers for ESCC patients. The model combining SNPs, clinical characteristics and sTIL outperformed the model with clinical characteristics alone for predicting outcomes in ESCC patients. Conclusion: We discovered 10 SNPs associated with sTIL in ESCC and we built a model of sTIL, SNPs and clinical characteristics with improved prediction of survival in ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Suo
- Department of Epidemiology and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, China
| | - Huiyao Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Center for Molecular Medicine of Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Franciszek Binczyk
- Silesian University of Technology, Data Mining Division, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Renjia Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiahui Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaorong Yang
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ziyu Yuan
- Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, China
| | - David Kreil
- IMBT Bioinformatics Research, Boku University Vienn, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paweł Łabaj
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tiejun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Li Jin
- Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, China.,Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Joanna Polańska
- Silesian University of Technology, Data Mining Division, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Xingdong Chen
- Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, China.,Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weimin Ye
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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23
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Zheng Z, Lin D, Chen Q, Zheng B, Liang M, Chen C, Zheng W. Prognostic Value of Combined Detection of Preoperative Albumin-to-Fibrinogen Ratio and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Operable Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients without Neoadjuvant Therapy. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:2359-2370. [PMID: 33737833 PMCID: PMC7965689 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s296266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We retrospectively analyzed the prognostic value of the albumin-to-fibrinogen ratio (AFR)–neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) score, comprising preoperative AFR and NLR, in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients after radical resection. Patients and Methods Overall, 215 patients were included. The optimal cutoff value was determined using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Based on a low AFR (<12.06) and high NLR (≥1.78), the AFR–NLR score was classified as 2 (both hematological abnormalities present), 1 (one abnormality present), or 0 (both abnormalities absent). Kaplan–Meier curves, Cox regression, and predicted nomogram were used to evaluate the prognostic value of the score. Results The prognostic value of the AFR–NLR score was better than that of AFR or NLR alone (P <0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that a high AFR–NLR score was an independent predictor of poor prognosis for overall survival (P <0.001). Additionally, in the nomogram including the AFR–NLR score, the net reclassification improvement index increased by 35.5% (P <0.001), and the integrated discrimination improvement index increased by 9.0% (P <0.001). The predictive accuracy of the established nomogram model was proved using Harrell’s concordance index (0.811, 95% confidence interval: 0.765–0.856) and calibration curve. Notably, the decision analysis curve showed that the nomogram had a higher net benefit within most of the threshold probability range, indicating better clinical applicability. Conclusion The AFR–NLR score is a useful predictor of the prognosis of ESCC patients after radical resection, and the nomogram established on the basis of this score has a good prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, People's Republic of China.,Medical Technology and Engineering College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350004, People's Republic of China
| | - Donghong Lin
- Medical Technology and Engineering College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoqian Chen
- Medical Technology and Engineering College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350004, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingqiang Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, People's Republic of China
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24
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Fang J, Ji WH, Wang FZ, Xie TM, Wang L, Fu ZF, Wang Z, Yan FQ, Shen QL, Ye ZM. Circular RNA hsa_circ_0000700 promotes cell proliferation and migration in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by sponging miR-1229. J Cancer 2021; 12:2610-2623. [PMID: 33854621 PMCID: PMC8040728 DOI: 10.7150/jca.47112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in the pathogenesis of cancer, including that of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The current study aimed to investigate the role of hsa_circ_0000700 in ESCC. hsa_circ_0000700, miR-1229, and related functional gene expression was measured by RT-qPCR. To characterize the functions of hsa_circ_0000700 and miR-1229, ESCC cells were infected with hsa_circ_0000700-specific siRNA, miR-1229 mimics, and an inhibitor alone or in combination. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8), colony formation, EdU, flow cytometry, and Transwell assays were employed to evaluate cell proliferation, apoptosis, and migration. Luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assays were used to confirm the targeting relationship between hsa_circ_0000700 and miR-1229. Finally, a competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) network was built for hsa_circ_0000700, and miR-1229 targets were analyzed by bioinformatics. circ_0000700 expression was significantly upregulated in ESCC cell lines. Actinomycin D and RNase R treatment confirmed that circ_0000700 was more stable than its linear CDH9 mRNA form. Moreover, a cytoplasmic and nuclear fractionation assay suggested that circ_0000700 was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm of ECA-109 and TE-1 cells. In vitro, the proliferative and migratory capacities of ECA-109 and TE-1 cells were inhibited by knocking down circ_0000700 expression. Additionally, miR-1229 silencing reversed the circ_0000700-specific siRNA-induced attenuation of malignant phenotypes. Mechanistically, circ_0000700 was identified as a sponge of miR-1229 and could activate PRRG4, REEP5, and PSMB5 indirectly to promote ESCC progression. In summary, our results suggest that hsa_circ_0000700 functions as an oncogenic factor by sponging miR-1229 in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Fang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Wen Hao Ji
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Fang Zheng Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China.,Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Tie Ming Xie
- Department of Radiology, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China.,Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Zhen Fu Fu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China.,Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Zhun Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Feng Qin Yan
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China.,Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Qi Liang Shen
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Zhi Min Ye
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China.,Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
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25
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Zhang Y, Liu Z, Liang Y, Chen E, Zhang H, Gao Z, Wang J. The effectiveness and prognostic factors of radioactive iodine-125 seed implantation for the treatment of cervical lymph node recurrence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after external beam radiation therapy. J Contemp Brachytherapy 2020; 12:579-85. [PMID: 33437306 DOI: 10.5114/jcb.2020.101691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To analyze factors influencing the efficacy of 125I seed implantation in the treatment of in-field cervical lymph node recurrence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) after external beam radiation therapy. Material and methods We conducted a retrospective review of 36 patients with in-field cervical metastatic lymph nodes recurrence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (CML-ESCC) after external beam radiation therapy treatment, who underwent 125I seed implantation in our department from 2013 to 2019. Previous cumulative external irradiation dose ranged from 20 to 66 Gy (median, 60 Gy). The post-implant efficacy was evaluated by response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) version 1.1, and an adverse event was evaluated by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG)/European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Late Radiation Morbidity Score (EORTC). COX proportional hazards model was used to analyze risk factors affecting effectiveness. Results Among 36 patients, 31 patients (86.1%) received fluorouracil-based chemotherapy (1-6 cycles) after 125I seed implantation. Local control rates at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after implantation were 51%, 30%, 30%, and 18%, respectively, with a median of 9 months (95% CI: 6.106-11.894); survival rates after 3, 6, 12, and 24 months were 55%, 41%, 22%, and 22%, respectively, with a median of 8 months (95% CI: 5.753-10.247). Multivariate analysis showed that D90 and short-term efficacy were independent factors related to local control and survival rate (p = 0.005, < 0.001, 0.010, < 0.001). There were 2 cases (5.6%) with grade 1 skin toxicity, 1 case (2.8%) with grade 4 skin toxicity, 3 cases (8.3%) with grade 1 mucosal ulcer, and 3 cases (8.3%) with grade 1 xerostomia. Conclusions 125I seed implantation as an effective salvage treatment shows definite efficacy and safety for patients with in-field cervical lymph node recurrence of ESCC after external beam radiation therapy.
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Wang G, Guo S, Zhang W, Li Z, Xu J, Li D, Wang Y, Zhan Q. A Comprehensive Analysis of Alterations in DNA Damage Repair Pathways Reveals a Potential Way to Enhance the Radio-Sensitivity of Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:575711. [PMID: 33178606 PMCID: PMC7596747 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.575711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) is a common malignancy with a poor 5-year overall survival in China. Altered DNA damage repair (DDR) pathways are associated with a predisposition to cancer and contribute to therapeutic response and resistance in cancers. However, alterations of DDR pathway genes in ESCC are still largely unknown. In this study, we employed genome sequencing data of 192 samples, comparative genomic hybridization data of 123 cases, and gene expression microarray data of 119 patients to firstly perform a comprehensive analysis of the gene alterations of 7 DDR pathways in ESCC. Gene mutations and copy number variations (CNVs) were observed in all 7 DDR pathways, and especially, CNVs were the dominant alteration types. Compared with other pathways, two DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair pathways homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), carried significant gene mutations and CNVs especially gene amplifications. Most genes including RAD54B, NBS1, RAD51B, and PRKDC were significantly amplified and over-expressed in ESCC. Amplification and high expression of DSB repair pathway genes were associated with poorer overall survival. Gene set variation analysis further showed that DSB repair pathways were up-regulated in ESCC. Besides, we firstly demonstrated that combination of mirin and NU7441, two inhibitors for HR and NHEJ respectively, with ionizing radiation treatment significantly enhanced DSBs, reduced clonogenic cell survival, inhibited cell proliferation, and promoted cell apoptosis in ESCC cells with DSB pathway gene amplification. These findings suggest that DSB repair pathways were significantly altered in ESCC and inhibiting DSB repair pathways might enhance the radio-sensitivity of ESCC with DSB repair up-regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shichao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weimin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zhangfu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiancheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Qimin Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
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27
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Feng H, Song G, Ma S, Ma Q, Li X, Wei W, Abnet C, Qiao Y, Wang G. The optimal starting age of endoscopic screening for esophageal squamous cell cancer in high prevalence areas in China. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 35:1761-1768. [PMID: 32367575 PMCID: PMC8406667 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM This study aimed to evaluate effects of endoscopic screening method in different starting age groups and further confirm the optimum starting age for esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) screening. METHODS This study received institutional review board approval, and 6825 residents aged 40 to 69 years in high prevalence communities were assigned to the screening group or the control (non-screening) group from Hebei, China. Cumulative mortalities during the 14-year period, relative risk for participants who underwent screening, and numbers needed to invite for screening to save one life were compared between the screening group and the control group of different starting age groups at 14-year follow-up. RESULTS The 14-year risks of ESCC mortality were one in 55, one in 17, and one in 9 for a person screened in the starting age group of 40, 50, and 60 years old. The cumulative mortalities of ESCC in screening groups were significantly lower than control groups in starting age groups of 40 years (1.42% vs 2.38%, P = 0.033) and 50 years (4.18% vs 7.13%, P = 0.005). Relative risks for participants who underwent screening were 0.60 and 0.59 for the starting age groups of 40 and 50 years. Numbers needed to invite for screening to save one life were 104 and 34 for participants in 40 years old group and 50 years old group, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, people in high prevalence area of ESCC should have endoscopy screening once at their 50 years. Forty years will be preferably defined as the starting age for screening in areas with sufficient health resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Feng
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,Department of Science and Technology Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | | | - Shanrui Ma
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Ma
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinqing Li
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqiang Wei
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Christian Abnet
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Youlin Qiao
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guoqing Wang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Abstract
This study assessed the association of sirtuin type 1 (SIRT1) and survivin expression with the clinicopathological features and survival of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients after concurrent chemoradiotherapy.SIRT1 and survivin proteins were immunohistochemically stained in 93 ESCC tissue specimens.SIRT1 was expressed in ESCC (80.6% vs 25.8% in normal mucosae) and survivin was expressed in 67.7% of ESCC vs 19.4% normal tissues (P < .01), and SIRT1 expression was associated with survivin expression (r = 0.39, P < .05). Furthermore, expression of both SIRT1 and survivin was associated with tumor size, depth of tumor invasion, tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, advanced clinical stage, and chemoradiotherapy (P < .05) as well as poor progression-free survival (PFS; P < .05) of ESCC patients after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (P < .05). Patient age, chemotherapy, tumor size, clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, and SIRT1 and survivin expression were independent PFS predictors (P < .05).Expression of both SIRT1 and survivin was associated with poor ESCC PFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yan
- Departments of Oncology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi
- Department of Cell Biology, Shandong University, Jinan
| | - Qilong Zhao
- Departments of Oncology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi
| | - Lili Liu
- Department of Pathology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Ning Jin
- Department of Pathology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Shuxia Wang
- Departments of Oncology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi
| | - Xuemei Zhan
- Department of Pathology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
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Zhao R, Cao X, Jin S, Li R, Zhong Q, Jiang M, Han J, Guo C, Zong H. LncRNA BC200 Promotes Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer Migration and Invasion and Can Regulate ATF4 Expression. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1392. [PMID: 32974142 PMCID: PMC7468420 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The main reason for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) treatment failure is metastasis. Little is known about the mechanisms involved in the metastasis of ESCC, and there is a lack of effective therapeutic targets. In our previous study, we found that patients with high levels of BC200 tended to have poor prognoses. Methods: First, we applied qRT-PCR to detect the expression level of BC200 in normal esophageal squamous epithelial cells and ESCC cells with different degrees of differentiation ability. Then, we changed BC200 expression by transfecting constructed lentiviruses that included BC200 shRNA (LV-BC200-shRNA, KD), negative control (CON053, NC), or BC200 gene (LV-BC200, BC200) to create BC200-deficient cell models in KYSE410 and KYSE70 cells and BC200 overexpression cell models in EC9706 cells and verified the transfection effect by qRT-PCR. Then, we examined cell migration by wound healing assay, invasion by Transwell assay, and proliferation by MTT assay and examined the metastasis ability in a xenograft mouse model. Gene expression profiling was performed to screen a panel of mRNAs following inhibition of BC200 expression. We then used ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) to analyze the functions of the changed molecules and their interactions. The results from the microarray were validated by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Results: In this study, we found that the expression of BC200 in poorly differentiated cell lines was significantly higher than that in well-differentiated cell lines. BC200 can significantly promote the migration and invasion but not the proliferation ability of ESCC cells in vitro and BC200 shRNA can significantly suppress tumor metastasis in vivo. Our genome-wide expression profile chip showed 406 differentially expressed genes, with 91 upregulated genes and 315 downregulated genes. The upstream regulator analysis showed that ATF4 was predicted to be strongly inhibited and 21 genes were consistently inhibited by this gene. Our qRT-PCR and Western blotting data also identified the reduced expression of ATF4 and some selected downstream genes, such as SNAIL2, GADD45A, and PSAT1, as a consequence of downregulating BC200 expression in ESCC. Conclusion: Our data showed that BC200 promoted the metastasis of ESCC cells and could regulate the expression of ATF4 and its downstream genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinguang Cao
- Department of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuiling Jin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Miao Jiang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinming Han
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Changqing Guo
- Department of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hong Zong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Yu F, Wu W, Liang M, Huang Y, Chen C. Prognostic Significance of Rab27A and Rab27B Expression in Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:6353-6361. [PMID: 32801878 PMCID: PMC7394507 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s258940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Rab27A and Rab27B, members of the Rab family of small GTPases, have aberrant expression and exert different roles in various cancers. However, their expression and potential prognostic values in esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) still remain elusive. In the present study, we explored the association of Rab27A and Rab27B expression with clinical significance and prognosis in ESCC. Patients and Methods A total of 100 surgically resected ESCC tissues were examined to evaluate Rab27A and Rab27B expression levels using the immunohistochemistry method. The relationship of Rab27A and Rab27B with clinicopathological features and prognosis was analyzed. We also investigated the correlation between Rab27A and Rab27B through external and internal validation. Results High-expression Rab27A was found to be significantly correlated with N (p=0.045) and TNM (p=0.005) stage, while up-regulated Rab27B was remarkably associated with N stage (p=0.033), TNM stage (p=0.009), and differentiation (p=0.013). High expression of both Rab27A and Rab27B had a worse overall survival (OS) rate. In addition, multivariate Cox regression analyses were utilized to validate that Rab27B expression is an independent prognostic factor for unfavorable OS. Further combined analyses showed that the Rab27Alow/Blow group had a superior OS rate than the Rab27Ahigh/Blow group, Rab27Alow/Bhigh group, and Rab27Ahigh/Bhigh group. Nevertheless, the latter three groups displayed rare significance between each two comparisons. Furthermore, our data demonstrated that Rab27A expression was positively correlated with Rab27B expression, which were also verified in TCGA datasets. Conclusion Rab27A and Rab27B expression levels could be potentially novel prognostic biomarkers in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqiang Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihan Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingqiang Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
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Wang J, Xu C. Treatment of esophageal cancer with multiple liver metastases: a case experience of sustained complete response. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060520935214. [PMID: 32588692 PMCID: PMC7323305 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520935214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell cancer with distant metastases has a poor prognosis. The metastatic sites usually involve the liver, bones, and lungs. Treatment of metastatic disease is essentially palliative and based on chemoradiotherapy. A 57-year-old man with a solitary metastatic mass of 82 × 58 mm in the left liver was treated on 19 October 2012. Irinotecan and cisplatin combination chemotherapy and nimotuzumab targeted therapy were administered. The liver metastatic mass was treated by stereotactic Gamma Knife radiosurgery. Complete remission of the primary disease and hepatic lesion was achieved, and no local or distant recurrence was found during the 7-year follow-up. Because extrahepatic lesions were ruled out and the local disease was completely locoregionally controlled, the use of stereotactic Gamma Knife radiosurgery to remove the hepatic lesion was justified and produced a reasonable outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangfang Wang
- Department of Chemotherapy, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chaoyang Xu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
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Zhao Z, Zhang Y, Wang X, Wang P, Geng X, Zhu L, Li M. The Prognostic Significance of Metastatic Nodal Size in Non-surgical Patients With Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:523. [PMID: 32373526 PMCID: PMC7176819 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The present study aimed to determine the prognostic value of the size of metastatic lymph node (LN) in non-surgical patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods: Three hundred seventy-six ESCC patients treated with definitive (chemo-) radiotherapy from January 2013 to March 2016 were reviewed. We analyzed potential associations of metastatic nodal size with responses, patterns of failure, and survival. Log-rank testing and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess the impact of the clinical factors on survival. Results: The 3-years over survival (OS) rates following a median follow-up of 28.2 months were 53.2, 46.2, 35.5, and 22.7% for the N0 group, the >0.5 to ≤1 cm group, the >1 to ≤2 cm group, and the >2 cm group, respectively. The progression-free survival (PFS) rates for 2 years were 50.9, 44.2, 26.6, and 23.4% for the N0 group, the >0.5 to ≤1 cm group, the >1 to ≤2 cm group, and the >2 cm group, respectively. The objective response rates (ORR) for the 280 patients with metastatic LNs were 43.1% for the LN >0.5 to ≤1 cm group, 46.9% for the LN >1 to ≤2 cm group, and 25.5% for the LN ≥2 cm group. The LN >2 cm group had the worst ORR of the three groups with LNs. Gross tumor volume (GTV) failure was the most common failure pattern, followed by distant failure and out of GTV LN failure, with incidences of 47.9% (180 of 376), 42% (158 of 376), and 13.8% (52 of 376), respectively. Nodal size correlated statistically with GTV failure and distant failure but not with out-of-GTV nodal failure. After adjusting for age, sex, T category, Primary tumor location, and CRT, the size of metastatic LNs was an independent prognostic factor for OS and PFS in multivariate analyses. Conclusions: Nodal size is one of prognostic factors for non-surgical patients with ESCC and correlated statistically with GTV failure and distant failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongxing Zhao
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Department of Health Care, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, China.,Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Peiliang Wang
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaotao Geng
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, China
| | - Liqiong Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, China.,Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Minghuan Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, China
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Luo HS, Xu HY, Du ZS, Li XY, Wu SX, Huang HC, Lin LX. Prognostic Significance of Baseline Neutrophil Count and Lactate Dehydrogenase Level in Patients With Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer Treated With Radiotherapy. Front Oncol 2020; 10:430. [PMID: 32351882 PMCID: PMC7174670 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This present study aimed to explore the prognostic value of pretreatment neutrophil and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and to develop a prognostic risk scoring model to predict prognosis in esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) patients treated with definitive radiotherapy. Methods: Retrospectively collected data of patients who received definitive radiotherapy for ESCC at Shantou Central Hospital between January 2009 and December 2015 were included for the analysis. The association between the level of LDH and neutrophil and clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed. We performed univariate and multivariate analyses to identify the prognostic predictors for patients with ESCC. Based on the results, we also developed a prognostic risk scoring model and assessed its predictive ability in the subgroups. Results: A total of 567 patients who received definitive radiotherapy for ESCC were included in the present study. The optimal cutoff values were 4.5 × 109/L, 3.25, and 220 U/L for neutrophil, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and LDH, respectively. A high level of LDH was significantly associated with advanced N stage (p = 0.031), and neutrophil count was significantly associated with gender (p = 0.001), T stage (p < 0.001), N stage (p = 0.019), clinical stage (p < 0.001), and NLR (p < 0.001). Multivariate survival analysis identified gender (p = 0.006), T stage (p < 0.001), N stage (p = 0.008), treatment modality (p < 0.001), LDH level (p = 0.012), and neutrophil count (p = 0.038) as independent prognostic factors for overall survival. Furthermore, a new prognostic risk scoring (PRS) model based on six prognostic factors was developed, in which the patients were divided into three groups with distinct prognosis (χ2 = 67.94, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Elevated baseline LDH level and neutrophil count predicted poor prognosis for ESCC patients treated with definitive radiotherapy. A PRS model comprised of LDH, neutrophil count, and other prognostic factors would help identify the patients who would benefit the most from definitive radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-San Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, China
| | - Hong-Yao Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, China
| | - Ze-Sen Du
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, China
| | - Xu-Yuan Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, China
| | - Sheng-Xi Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, China
| | - He-Cheng Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, China
| | - Lian-Xing Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, China
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Li HM, Yu YK, Liu Q, Wei XF, Zhang J, Zhang RX, Sun HB, Wang ZF, Xing WQ, Li Y. LncRNA SNHG1 Regulates the Progression of Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer by the miR-204/HOXC8 Axis. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:757-767. [PMID: 32158227 PMCID: PMC6986417 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s224550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Long noncoding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (SNHG1) has been reported to be aberrantly expressed and plays an important role in human cancers, including esophageal squamous cell cancer. However, the regulatory mechanism underlying SNHG1 in the progression of esophageal squamous cell cancer is poorly defined. Materials and Methods Fifty-three esophageal squamous cell cancer patients were recruited and overall survival was analyzed. EC9706 and KYSE150 cells were cultured for study in vitro. The expression levels of SNHG1, microRNA (miR)-204 and homeobox c8 (HOXC8) were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. Cell cycle distribution, apoptosis, migration and invasion were determined by flow cytometry and transwell assays, respectively. The target interaction among SNHG1, miR-204 and HOXC8 was validated by luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation. Xenograft model was established to investigate the role of SNHG1 in vivo. Results High expression of SNHG1 was exhibited in esophageal squamous cell cancer and indicated poor outcomes of patients. SNHG1 silence led to cell cycle arrest at G0-G1 phase, inhibition of migration and invasion and increase of apoptosis. miR-204 was validated to sponge by SNHG1 and target HOXC8 in esophageal squamous cell cancer cells. miR-204 knockdown or HOXC8 restoration reversed the inhibitive role of SNHG1 silence in the progression of esophageal squamous cell cancer cells. Furthermore, inhibiting SNHG1 decreased xenograft tumor growth by regulating miR-204 and HOXC8. Conclusion SNHG1 knockdown suppresses migration and invasion but induces apoptosis of esophageal squamous cell cancer cells by increasing miR-204 and decreasing HOXC8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Miao Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Kui Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu Feng Wei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Xiang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Bo Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zong Fei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Qun Xing
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Guan L, Zou Q, Liu Q, Lin Y, Chen S. HSP90 Inhibitor Ganetespib (STA-9090) Inhibits Tumor Growth in c-Myc-Dependent Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:2997-3011. [PMID: 32308431 PMCID: PMC7156265 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s245813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Currently, the paucity of classical effective pharmacological drugs to treat esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a major problem. The c-Myc (MYC) protein is a promising target as it is overexpressed in ESCC. MYC is a sensitive client protein of the heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) and, therefore, targeting the HSP90-MYC axis by inhibition of HSP90 is a potential therapeutic strategy for ESCC. Here, we evaluated the clinical application value of the HSP90 inhibitor (Ganetespib, STA-9090) as an anti-cancer agent for MYC-positive ESCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS We first analyzed ESCC tissue microarrays and clinical tissue samples to determine MYC expression. The relationship between MYC and HSP90 was analyzed by co-immunoprecipitation assays and immunofluorescence. In in vitro cell models, cell growth was analyzed using the CCK-8 kit, and MYC protein expression was analyzed by Western blot. The in vivo antitumor activity of STA-9090 was assessed in two xenograft animal models. RESULTS We demonstrated that MYC-overexpressing ESCC cells were highly sensitive to STA-9090 treatment through suppressing ESCC cell proliferation, cell cycle progression and survival. Moreover, STA-9090 treatment decreased MYC expression, reducing the half-life of the MYC protein. We further established two xenograft mouse models using ESCC cells and clinical ESCC samples to validate the effectiveness of STA-9090 in vivo. In both xenograft models, STA-9090 substantially inhibited the growth of MYC-positive ESCC tumors in vivo. In contrast, STA-9090 treatment demonstrated no beneficial effects in mice with low-MYC expressing ESCC tumors. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our data support that the HSP90 inhibitor, STA-9090, suppresses the expression of the MYC protein and interferes with HSP90-MYC protein-protein interaction. This, in turn, leads to inhibition of ESCC cell proliferation and promotion of apoptosis in ESCC cells in vitro and reduction of ESCC tumors in vivo. We propose, based on our findings, that STA-9090 is a potential novel therapeutic target for MYC-positive ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuliu Guan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Esophageal Cancer Precise Therapy, Guangzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Zou
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Esophageal Cancer Precise Therapy, Guangzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Esophageal Cancer Precise Therapy, Guangzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, People’s Republic of China
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiguang Lin
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Correspondence: Yiguang Lin School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW2007, AustraliaTel +61 2 95142223Fax +61 2 95148206 Email
| | - Size Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Esophageal Cancer Precise Therapy, Guangzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, People’s Republic of China
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Size Chen Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 19 NonglinXia Road, Guangzhou510080, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 20 61325337 Email
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Zhu Y, Yuan T, Zhang Y, Shi J, Bai L, Duan X, Tong R, Zhong L. AR-42: A Pan-HDAC Inhibitor with Antitumor and Antiangiogenic Activities in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Drug Des Devel Ther 2019; 13:4321-4330. [PMID: 31908417 PMCID: PMC6930838 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s211665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a refractory malignancy with high morbidity and mortality. Thus, there is an urgent need to find effective targets and agents for ESCC treatment. The purpose of this study was to assess the anti-ESCC effects of a pan-histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor AR-42 and its mechanisms of action. Methods Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect HDAC1 expression in ESCC and adjacent tissue samples. MTT assay, Edu cell proliferation test, flow cytometry, and subcutaneous xenograft were used to assess the anti-ESCC effects of AR-42; furthermore, the antiangiogenic activity of AR-42 was evaluated using endothelial cell migration, invasion, and tube formation assays as well as zebrafish angiogenesis assay. Western blot analysis was performed to explore the underlying mechanism of the anti-ESCC activity of AR-42. Results HDAC1-positive expression was much higher in ESCC cells than in paracancerous tissues, and the elevated HDAC1 expression was a strong indicator of lymph node metastasis and a more advanced TNM stage of ESCC. Moreover, AR-42 potently suppressed ESCC cell growth through cellular proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction. Moreover, AR-42 displayed a moderate antiangiogenic activity, and it could significantly inhibit the migration, invasion and tubulogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells as well as intersegmental vessel formation in zebrafish at micromolar concentrations. More importantly, the inhibitory activity of AR-42 on ESCC cells and angiogenesis could also be observed in the TE-1 xenograft model. Further studies showed that AR-42 exerts its anti-ESCC effects mainly by upregulating the expression of p21 and blocking the transduction of multiple signaling cascades related to tumor growth, especially Stat3-mediated signaling. Conclusion Overall, AR-42 has significant potency for inhibiting ESCC cell growth and shows moderate effect in suppressing angiogenesis, displaying strong anti-ESCC effects in vitro and in vivo. Thus, AR-42 deserves further evaluation as a potential candidate for ESCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Zhu
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Yuan
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Bai
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingmei Duan
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongsheng Tong
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhong
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, People's Republic of China
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Yu Y, Li Z, Huang C, Fang H, Zhao F, Zhou Y, Pan X, Li Q, Zhuang Y, Chen L, Xu J, Wang W. Integrated analysis of genomic and transcriptomic profiles identified a prognostic immunohistochemistry panel for esophageal squamous cell cancer. Cancer Med 2019; 9:575-585. [PMID: 31793228 PMCID: PMC6970036 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The poor outcome of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) highlights the importance of the identification of novel effective prognostic biomarkers. We aimed to identify a clinically applicable prognostic immunohistochemistry (IHC) panel for ESCC. Methods An integrated analysis was performed to screen and establish a prognostic panel using exome sequencing profile from 81 pairs of ESCC samples and RNA expression microarray data from 119 ESCC subjects. Two independent ESCC cohorts were recruited as training and validation groups to test the prognostic value. Results Three genes were selected, namely, ANO1, GAL, and MMP3, which were aberrantly expressed in ESCC tumor tissues (P < .001). Among them, ANO1 and MMP3 were reserved for the construction of the prognostic panel due to their significant association with the prognosis of ESCC patients (P = .015 and P < .001). Patients with both ANO1+ and MMP3+ had a poorer prognosis than that with ANO1−/MMP3+, ANO1+/MMP3−, or ANO1−/MMP3 − in both the training set and validation set (P < .001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the combination of IHC panel and eighth American Joint Commission on Cancer staging yielded a better prognostic predictive efficacy compared with the two indexes alone (P < .001, area under curve: 0.752). Finally, a nomogram was created by integrating the IHC markers and clinicopathological risk factors to predict prognosis with a C‐index of 0.695 (95% confidence interval: 0.657‐0.734). Conclusion Using an integrated multistage screening strategy, we identified and validated a valuable prognostic IHC panel for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Cancer Institute and Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihua Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenjun Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haisheng Fang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xianglong Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qifan Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Zhuang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Ni Q, Chen P, Zhu B, Li J, Xie D, Ma X. Expression levels of EPHB4, EFNB2 and caspase-8 are associated with clinicopathological features and progression of esophageal squamous cell cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 19:917-929. [PMID: 31885720 PMCID: PMC6924202 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The upregulation of EPH receptor B4 (EPHB4) results in a survival advantage for tumor cells via the inhibition of the casapse-8-mediated apoptotic pathway, which begins from the cell membrane. The present study investigated the expression patterns of EPHB4, ephrin B2 (EFNB2) and caspase-8 in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The association between the expression patterns and certain clinicopathological characteristics of the patients was also determined. mRNA levels of EPHB4, EFNB2 and caspase-8 in paired primary ESCC samples and adjacent esophageal tissues collected from 96 patients with ESCC were quantified using quantitative PCR. Upregulation of EPHB4 and EFNB2 mRNA expression, and downregulation of caspase-8 mRNA were detected in ESCC samples compared with that in the adjacent esophageal tissues. The expression levels of EPHB4 and EFNB2 were positively correlated with each other, whereas the mRNA levels of both EPHB4 and EFNB2 exhibited a negative correlation with that of caspase-8. The mRNA levels of both EPHB4 and EFNB2 demonstrated a significant positive association with certain clinicopathological features of patients with ESCC, including family history, tumor size, metastasis and stage. Conversely, a negative association was revealed between the expression level of caspase-8 and clinicopathological features of patients with ESCC. Moreover, mRNA expression levels of EPHB4 and EFNB2 were negatively associated with survival times of patients with ESCC, whereas the level of caspase-8 was positively associated with patient outcome. The results from the present study suggested that EPHB4, EFNB2 and caspase-8 may be implicated in the tumorigenesis and progression of ESCC, and that consequently, they may serve as useful prognostic markers, as well as potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianzhi Ni
- School of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P.R. China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
| | - Pingping Chen
- Department of Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 45001, P.R. China
| | - Bing Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
| | - Dong Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, P.R. China
| | - Xingyuan Ma
- School of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P.R. China
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Xing Y, Zha WJ, Li XM, Li H, Gao F, Ye T, Du WQ, Liu YC. Circular RNA circ-Foxo3 inhibits esophageal squamous cell cancer progression via the miR-23a/PTEN axis. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:2595-2605. [PMID: 31680314 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Circ-Foxo3 is a circRNA encoded by the human FOXO3 gene and works as a sponge for potential microRNAs (miRNAs) to regulate cancer progression. However, the role of circ-Foxo3 in esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) is not clear. In this study, circ-Foxo3 was lowly expressed in cell lines and ESCC tissues. Meanwhile, overexpression of circ-Foxo3 inhibited cell growth, migration, and invasion, whether in vivo or in vitro. Mechanically, we found a potential miRNA target, miR-23a, which negatively correlated with circ-Foxo3 in ESCC. Then, a luciferase assay confirmed the relationship between the circ-Foxo3 and miRNA. Moreover, circ-Foxo3 upregulation of PTEN occurred through "sponging" miR-23a. Taken together, these results indicated that the circ-Foxo3/miR-23a/PTEN pathway was critical for inhibiting the ESCC progression. This may provide a promising target for treat ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xing
- Department of Radiotherapy, Taixing People's Hospital Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Wen-Juan Zha
- Department of Radiotherapy, Taixing People's Hospital Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Xiao-Min Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Taixing People's Hospital Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taixing People's Hospital, Taixing, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Taixing People's Hospital, Taixing, China
| | - Ting Ye
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taixing People's Hospital, Taixing, China
| | - Wang-Qi Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taixing People's Hospital, Taixing, China
| | - Yang-Chen Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Taixing People's Hospital, Taixing, China
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Li Z, Han C, Wang L, Zhu J, Yin Y, Li B. Prognostic Value of Texture Analysis Based on Pretreatment DWI-Weighted MRI for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Treated With Concurrent Chemo-Radiotherapy. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1057. [PMID: 31681593 PMCID: PMC6811607 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of the research was to assess the prognostic value of three-dimensional (3D) texture features based on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients undergoing concurrent chemo-radiotherapy (CRT). Methods: We prospectively enrolled 82 patients with ESCC into a cohort study. Two DWI sequences (b = 0 and b = 600 s/mm2) were acquired along with axial T2WI and T1WI before CRT. Two groups of features were examined: (1) clinical and demographic features (e.g., TNM stage, age and sex) and (2) changes in spatial texture characteristics of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), which characterizes gray intensity changes in tumor areas, spatial pattern and distribution, and related changes caused by CRT. Reproducible feature sets without redundancy were statistically filtered and validated. The prognostic values associated with overall survival (OS) for each parameter were studied using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models for univariate and multivariate analyses, respectively. Results: Both univariate and multivariate Cox model analyses showed that the energy of intensity histogram texture (IHIST_energy), radiation dose, mean of the contrast in distance 1 of 26 directions (m_contrast_1), extreme difference of the homogeneity in distance 2 of 26 directions (Diff_homogeneity_2), mean of the inverse variance in distance 2 of 26 directions (m_lnversevariance_2), high-intensity small zone emphasis (HISE), and low-intensity large zone emphasis (LILE) were significantly associated with survival. The results showed that 6 texture parameters extracted from the ADC images before treatment could distinguish among high-, medium-, and low-risk groups (log-rank χ2 = 9.7; P = 0.00773). The biased C-index value was 0.715 (95% CI: 0.708 to 0.732) based on bootstrapping validation. Conclusions: The ADC 3D texture feature can be used as a useful biomarker to predict the survival of ESCC patients undergoing CRT. Combining ADC 3D texture features with conventional prognostic factors can generate reliable survival prediction models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjiang Li
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Chun Han
- Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jian Zhu
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Yong Yin
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Baosheng Li
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Jinan, China
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Wu Q, Wu Z, Bao C, Li W, He H, Sun Y, Chen Z, Zhang H, Ning Z. Cancer stem cells in esophageal squamous cell cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:5022-5032. [PMID: 31612013 PMCID: PMC6781610 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are hypothesized to govern the origin, progression, drug resistance, recurrence and metastasis of human cancer. CSCs have been identified in nearly all types of human cancer, including esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC). Four major methods are typically used to isolate or enrich CSCs, including: i) fluorescence-activated cell sorting or magnetic-activated cell sorting using cell-specific surface markers; ii) stem cell markers, including aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1; iii) side population cell phenotype markers; and iv) microsphere culture methods. ESCC stem cells have been identified using a number of these methods. An increasing number of stem cell signatures and pathways have been identified, which have assisted in the clarification of molecular mechanisms that regulate the stemness of ESCC stem cells. Certain viruses, such as human papillomavirus and hepatitis B virus, are also considered to be important in the formation of CSCs, and there is a crosstalk between stemness and viruses-associated genes/pathways, which may suggest a potential therapeutic strategy for the eradication of CSCs. In the present review, findings are summarized along these lines of inquiry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wu
- Basic Medical School, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China.,Nurse School, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Wu
- Basic Medical School, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Cuiyu Bao
- Nurse School, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Basic Medical School, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Hui He
- Basic Medical School, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Yanling Sun
- Basic Medical School, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Zimin Chen
- Basic Medical School, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Basic Medical School, Ji'nan University Medical School, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Zhifeng Ning
- Basic Medical School, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
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Xu H, Wu S, Luo H, Chen C, Lin L, Huang H, Xue R. Prognostic value of tumor length and diameter for esophageal squamous cell cancer patients treated with definitive (chemo)radiotherapy: Potential indicators for nonsurgical T staging. Cancer Med 2019; 8:6326-6334. [PMID: 31486278 PMCID: PMC6797578 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this work was to evaluate the prognostic value of tumor length and diameter for patients with esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) treated with definitive (chemo)radiotherapy to identify potential indicators for separate nonsurgical T staging, which are needed in clinical practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 682 patients with ESCC who underwent definitive (chemo)radiotherapy between 2009 and 2015 were reviewed. Esophageal tumor length and diameter were determined by barium esophagography and computed tomography before treatment. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess the impact of tumor length and diameter on long-term overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was also used to control intergroup heterogeneity. RESULTS The median OS and PFS were 22.2 months and 15.4 months, respectively, in the tumor length ≤ 6 cm group, which were significantly longer than those in the tumor length > 6 cm group (13.4 and 8.5 months, respectively). The median OS and PFS were 23.3 months and 15.9 months, respectively, in the tumor diameter ≤ 3.5 cm group, which were also significantly longer than those in the tumor diameter > 3.5 cm group (13.3 and 8.8 months, respectively). Similar results were found after PSM. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that tumor length and diameter were both independent predictors of long-term survival. CONCLUSION Tumor length and diameter are both independent prognostic factors for ESCC patients treated with definitive (chemo)radiotherapy. These two imaging parameters have the potential for development and use in nonsurgical T staging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyao Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, China
| | - Shengxi Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, China
| | - Hesan Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, China
| | - Chuyun Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, China
| | - Lianxing Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, China
| | - Hecheng Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, China
| | - Renliang Xue
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, China
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Qu Y, Zhang L, Wang J, Chen P, Jia Y, Wang C, Yang W, Wen Z, Song Q, Tan B, Cheng Y. Yes-associated protein (YAP) predicts poor prognosis and regulates progression of esophageal squamous cell cancer through epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:2993-3001. [PMID: 31572541 PMCID: PMC6755466 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of yes-associated protein (YAP) on the prognosis of patients with esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) and its mechanism of action has seldom been reported. In the present study, the role of YAP on the prognosis of patients with ESCC and the mechanism of action of YAP in promoting the progression of ESCC was investigated. Tumor tissue samples from patients with ESCC were collected and the level of YAP expression was detected using immunohistochemical staining. In addition, YAP was knocked-down in ESCC cell lines and the effects on cell migration and invasion were examined. The expression levels of vimentin, N-cadherin, and E-cadherin were further investigated to examine the association between YAP and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Results showed that overexpression of YAP was associated with larger lymph node metastasis and poor disease-free survival and overall survival. Compared with patients in early stage ESCC, the association was more significant in patients with late stage ESCC. Univariate and multivariate analyses further indicated that YAP expression could be an independent prognostic factor for ESCC. Downregulation of YAP inhibited cell migration and invasion. Western blot analysis showed that when YAP was knocked down, expression levels of vimentin and N-cadherin were reduced, whereas that of E-cadherin was increased. In conclusion, the results indicates that YAP expression level could be a novel marker for predicting the prognosis of patients with ESCC, and YAP-promoted tumor migration and invasion might be through EMT in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Pengxiang Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yibin Jia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Zhihua Wen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Qingxu Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Bingxu Tan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yufeng Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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Su Z, Zou GR, Mao YP, OuYang PY, Cao XL, Xie FY, Li Q. Prognostic impact of family history of cancer in Southern Chinese patients with esophageal squamous cell cancer. J Cancer 2019; 10:1349-1357. [PMID: 31031844 PMCID: PMC6485237 DOI: 10.7150/jca.26511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: First degree family history of cancer is associated with developing esophageal cancer and sparse data is about the impact on poor survival among established esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) patients. In this study, we investigated the prognoses of patients with ESCC with a family history. Methods: A total of 479 ESCC patients were retrospectively enrolled from a Southern Chinese institution. A positive family history was defined as having malignant cancer among parents and siblings. Kaplan-Meier plots and Cox proportional hazards regressions were applied for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Results: Among 479 patients, 119 (24.8%) and 68 (14.2%) reported a first-degree family history of cancer and digestive tract cancer, respectively. Compared with patients without a family history of cancer, the adjusted hazard ratios (HR) among those with it were 1.40 (95% CI, 1.08-1.82, p=0.011) for death, 1.36 (95% CI, 1.05-1.76, p=0.018) for progression. Similar results were observed in those with a family history of digestive tract cancer (HR=1.69, 95%CI, 1.24-1.98, p=0.001 for death and HR=1.77, 95%CI, 1.30-2.37, p<0.001 for progression, respectively). Furthermore, there was a trend for increasing risk of overall mortality (p=0.021, p=0.004, respectively), and progression (p=0.022, p=0.001, respectively) with an increasing number of affected family members. Conclusion: A first-degree family history of cancer, especially digestive tract cancer is associated with poor survival for established ESCC patients and plays an important role in prognosis. The patients with a family history of cancer might need a greater intensity of treatment and more frequent follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Su
- Panyu central hospital, Cancer Institute of Panyu, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Rong Zou
- Panyu central hospital, Cancer Institute of Panyu, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Ping Mao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Pu-Yun OuYang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xiao-Long Cao
- Panyu central hospital, Cancer Institute of Panyu, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang-Yun Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Qun Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
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Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are suspected of predicting the prognosis of malignant tumor, but there are few relevant reports specific to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study investigated the clinical significance of CTCs in patients with ESCC.Sixty patients with ESCC were enrolled, from whom CTCs had been tested by our team previously. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from these patients before treatment; and CTCs were assayed by isolation by size of epithelial tumor cells (ISET). Associations between the presence of CTCs and patients' clinicopathological parameters and clinical outcomes were analyzed.CTCs were detected in 20 patients (33.3%), who experienced significantly shorter progression-free survival (PFS) than did the CTC-negative patients. Overall, PFS was negatively associated with the number of CTCs. Multivariate analyses showed that a CTC count >2 was a strong independent prognostic indicator of tumor recurrence (hazard ratio [HR] 5.63; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.77-17.89; P = .003). In the subgroup of 50 patients who underwent R0 resection and postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy or chemotherapy, CTC was a strong, independent, and prognostic indicator of tumor recurrence (HR 10.70; 95% CI, 1.40-81.91; P = .022). The number of CTCs correlated with the T stage (r = 0.26, P = .043) but not with the N or M stage. For subgroups in stages II or I-IIIB or T3 or T3 + T4, the PFS of patients with CTCs > 1 or > 2 was significantly shorter than that of the patients with CTCs ≤ 1 or CTCs ≤ 2. In the stage III or T3 + T4 groups, the PFS of patients with CTCs > 0 was significantly shorter than that of patients with CTC = 0.This is the first study to report that the CTC detected by ISET is an independent and prognostic indicator of patients' outcome in ESCC. Consideration of CTCs may improve the accuracy of preoperative staging in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Han
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University
| | - Yun-Jie Li
- Equipment Management Office, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University
| | - Wei-Di Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University
| | - Ping-Ping Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University
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Hu K, Kang N, Liu Y, Guo D, Jing W, Lu J, Tan T, Lv C, Deng Y, Long J, Wang R, Yu J. Proposed revision of N categories to the 8th edition of the AJCC-TNM staging system for non-surgical esophageal squamous cell cancer. Cancer Sci 2018; 110:717-725. [PMID: 30467921 PMCID: PMC6361553 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer Tumor‐Node‐Metastasis (AJCC‐TNM) staging system for esophageal cancer (EC) retained the definition of N categories based on the number of metastatic lymph nodes (LN). However, it is difficult to accurately determine the number of metastatic LN without surgery. This study aimed to propose a revision to the N categories of the 8th edition AJCC‐TNM staging system that makes staging easier to perform and better represents the prognosis of non‐surgical esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC). We retrospectively reviewed the data of 336 patients with ESCC. The revised N categories were based on the anatomic regions of LN metastasis (cervix, thorax and abdomen). Survival was analyzed using the Kaplan‐Meier method and compared using the log‐rank test. Multivariate analyses were performed using the Cox proportional hazard model. Survival differences were adequately discriminated when the revised N categories were used. Subgroup analyses by T stage showed significant difference in overall survival between the revised N categories. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that T stage, revised N category, age, sex and treatment modality were independent risk factors, with the revised N category being the most significant variable. The revised N categories determined in this study can be used to fill gaps in the staging system for patients with non‐surgical ESCC, which can help clinicians to make better treatment decisions and more effectively predict patient prognoses. Future large‐scale studies are required to validate these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Hu
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ning Kang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Dong Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Wang Jing
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiamei Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Tianmeng Tan
- Pre-Clinical Faculty of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Caitiao Lv
- Pre-Clinical Faculty of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuyan Deng
- Pre-Clinical Faculty of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jianxiong Long
- School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Rensheng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinming Yu
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Zhang Y, Jin X, Wang Z, Zhang X, Liu S, Liu G. Downregulation of SNHG1 suppresses cell proliferation and invasion by regulating Notch signaling pathway in esophageal squamous cell cancer. Cancer Biomark 2018; 21:89-96. [PMID: 29081407 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-170286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) exert important functions involved in tumorigenesis and cancer progression including esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC), however, the clinical role and underlying biological function of Small Nucleolar RNA Host Gene 1 (SNHG1) in ESCC is not well known. METHODS Quantitative Real-time polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) was used to detect the SNHG1 expression levels in ESCC tissues and adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Chi-square test was used to evaluate the association between clinicopathological features and SNHG1 expression in ESCC patients, Kaplan-Meier curve and log rank test was performed to analyze the association between overall survival and SNHG1 expression. Cell proliferation and invasion was assessed by MTT assay, colony formation, and transwell cell invasion assays. Western blot were also performed to examine protein expression levels of E-cadherin, Vimentin and N-cadherin, Notch 1 and Hes-1. RESULTS We demonstrated that lncRNA SNHG1 was significantly up-regulated in ESCC tissues compared with adjacent non-cancerous tissues in ESCC patients. Meanwhile, increased lncRNA SNHG1 expression levels markedly correlated with lymph node metastasis, depth of invasion, TNM stage and reduced over survival time in ESCC patients. Furthermore, MTT assay, colony formation, transwell cell invasion, qRT-PCR and Western-blot assays demonstrated that knockdown of lncRNA SNHG1 could inhibit cell proliferation and cell invasion capacity and cell Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) phenomenon by up-regulation E-cadherin and down-regulating Vimentin and N-cadherin in ESCC cells. Besides, we demonstrated that knockdown of SNHG1 suppressed the Notch signaling pathway by reducing the Notch1 and Hes-1 expression levels in ESCC cells. CONCLUSIONS These results indicated that lncRNA SNHG1 may be a potential predictor of prognosis in ESCC patients and a novel target for ESCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Zhang
- Department of Thoracic, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xintian Jin
- Department of Thoracic, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Thoracic, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaokai Zhang
- Department of Thoracic, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shen Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Thoracic, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Peng H, Yao S, Dong Q, Zhang Y, Gong W, Jia Z, Yan L. Excision repair cross-complementing group 1 (ERCC1) overexpression inhibits cell apoptosis and is associated with unfavorable prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e11697. [PMID: 30075571 PMCID: PMC6081142 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000011697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Excision repair cross-complementing group 1 (ERCC1) functions as a nucleotide excision repair (NER) enzyme. Altered ERCC1 expression or function is closely associated with cancer development and progression. This study determined the association of ERCC1 expression with survivin expression, clinicopathological characteristics, and survival of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients after postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy.Tissue specimens from 102 resected ESCC patients were acquired for immunohistochemical analysis of ERCC1 and survivin protein expression.ERCC1 expression was detected in 62.7% of ESCC tissues and in 9.8% of normal squamous epithelium tissues (P < .01), while survivin expression was detected in 60.8% of ESCC tissues and in 19.6% of normal squamous epithelia (P < .01). ERCC1 overexpression associated with advanced tumor clinical stage and lymph node metastasis (P < .05), but not with tumor size, depth of invasion, or differentiation (P > .05). ERCC1 overexpression was also associated with survivin levels (r = 0.42, P < .01) and worse progression-free survival of ESCC patients after concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Multivariate analysis data revealed that ERCC1 and survivin protein expression were independent predictors of overall survival of ESCC patients after chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy (P < .05).ERCC1 overexpression is an important phenotype that is associated with ESCC lymph node metastasis and advanced tumor clinical stages. ERCC1 expression may also inhibit ESCC cell apoptosis via regulating survivin expression, and ERCC1 and survivin overexpression are independent predictors of prognosis for ESCC patients who receive chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Linyi People Hospital
| | - Shaobo Yao
- Department of Pathology, Linyi Tumor Hospital
| | | | - Yanxia Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Linyi People Hospital, Linyi
| | - Weihong Gong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Linyi People Hospital, Linyi
| | - Zhongyao Jia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Linyi People Hospital, Linyi
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Linyi People Hospital, Linyi
- Department of Cell Biology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Shang X, Liu G, Zhang Y, Tang P, Zhang H, Jiang H, Yu Z. Downregulation of BIRC5 inhibits the migration and invasion of esophageal cancer cells by interacting with the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:3373-3379. [PMID: 30127937 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
As a mitotic spindle checkpoint gene, baculoviral IAP repeat containing 5 (BIRC5) serves pivotal roles in the development of various types of malignant tumors. In the present study, the expression of BIRC5 in patients with different stages of esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) was investigated. The effect of BIRC5 on the migratory and invasive abilities of different ESCC cell lines was analyzed. Additionally, the effect of BIRC5 on the angiogenesis-associated factor vascular endothelial growth factor, brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 and methyl-CpG binding domain protein 2 was examined. In addition, the interaction between BIRC5 and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway was analyzed. It was determined that BIRC5 is able to inhibit the migration and invasion of tumor cells, and regulate the expression of angiogenesis-associated factors. In addition, the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is able to regulate the expression of BIRC5, which affects the development of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Shang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Esophageal Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Guoyan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Yuefeng Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
| | - Peng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Esophageal Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Hongdian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Esophageal Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Hongjing Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Esophageal Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Zhentao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Esophageal Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
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Zhu Y, Li M, Mu D, Kong L, Zhang J, Zhao F, Li Z, Liu X, Bo C, Yu J. CD8+/FOXP3+ ratio and PD-L1 expression associated with survival in pT3N0M0 stage esophageal squamous cell cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:71455-71465. [PMID: 27683115 PMCID: PMC5342092 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Data describing relationships between the tumor immune microenvironment and patient outcome are limited for esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC). The present study investigated the prognostic values of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and CD8+ or forkhead box protein 3+ (FOXP3+) tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in 133 pathological T3N0M0 stage ESCC patients who underwent radical resection without neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy. CD8+ and FOXP3+ TIL densities as well as PD-L1 levels in tumor cells and lymphocytes, were assessed through immunohistochemical staining. Patient survival was not associated with CD8+ or FOXP3+ TILs alone, but PD-L1 expression and the CD8+/FOXP3+ ratio were independent predictors of both disease-free and overall survival. PD-L1 expression correlated with age (p = 0.029), tumor length (p < 0.001), tumor differentiation status (p = 0.002) and reduced intratumoral CD8+ TIL density (p < 0.001). Our results suggest pT3N0M0 ESCC clinical outcomes correlate with CD8+ and FOXP3+ TIL densities and PD-L1 levels. Moreover, an intrinsic mechanism for induction of PD-L1 overexpression may be occurring during early tumor oncogenesis. This information may be useful for stratifying patients and guide the application of checkpoint blockade therapy in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingming Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Minghuan Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Dianbin Mu
- Department of Pathology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong University Jinan, China
| | - Li Kong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jianbo Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong University Jinan, China
| | - Fen Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenxiang Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Cong Bo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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