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Bakinowska E, Kiełbowski K, Skórka P, Dach A, Olejnik-Wojciechowska J, Szwedkowicz A, Pawlik A. Non-Coding RNA as Biomarkers and Their Role in the Pathogenesis of Gastric Cancer-A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5144. [PMID: 38791187 PMCID: PMC11121563 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) represent a broad family of molecules that regulate gene expression, including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs, amongst others. Dysregulated expression of ncRNAs alters gene expression, which is implicated in the pathogenesis of several malignancies and inflammatory diseases. Gastric cancer is the fifth most frequently diagnosed cancer and the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death. Studies have found that altered expression of ncRNAs may contribute to tumourigenesis through regulating proliferation, apoptosis, drug resistance and metastasis. This review describes the potential use of ncRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Moreover, we discuss the involvement of ncRNAs in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer, including their interactions with the members of major signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Andrzej Pawlik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (E.B.); (K.K.); (P.S.); (A.D.); (J.O.-W.); (A.S.)
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Han Y, Chang J, Lin L, Zhou C, Zhu J, Wu H, He J, Fu W. miR-100 rs1834306 a > G polymorphism decreases neuroblastoma risk in Chinese children. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2023; 6:e1875. [PMID: 37503828 PMCID: PMC10598254 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroblastoma is a common malignant tumor stemming from the sympathetic nervous system in children, which is often life-threatening. The genetics of neuroblastoma remains unclear. Studies have shown that miRNAs participate in the regulation of a broad spectrum of biological pathways. The abnormity in the miRNA is associated with the risk of various cancers, including neuroblastoma. However, research on the relationship of miRNA polymorphisms with neuroblastoma susceptibility is still in the initial stage. METHODS In this research, a retrospective case-control study was conducted to explore whether miR-100 rs1834306 A > G polymorphism is associated with neuroblastoma susceptibility. We enrolled 402 cases and 473 controls for the study. The logistic regression analysis was adopted to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between miR-100 rs1834306 A > G and neuroblastoma risk. RESULTS Our results elucidated that the miR-100 rs1834306 A > G polymorphism was associated with the decreased risk of neuroblastoma (AG versus AA: adjusted OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.53-0.98, and P = 0.038). The subsequent stratified analysis further found that rs1834306 AG/GG genotype reduced the risk of neuroblastoma in the subgroup with tumors of the mediastinum origin (adjusted OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.41-0.95, and P = 0.029). CONCLUSIONS In summary, miR-100 rs1834306 A > G polymorphism was shown to associate with decreased neuroblastoma risk in Chinese children, especially for neuroblastoma of mediastinum origin. This conclusion needs to be verified in additional large-size case-control studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Han
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryGuangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child HealthGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Jiaming Chang
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryGuangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child HealthGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Lei Lin
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryGuangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child HealthGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Chunlei Zhou
- Department of PathologyChildren's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Jinhong Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, BiobankHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Haiyan Wu
- Department of PathologyChildren's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Jing He
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryGuangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child HealthGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Wen Fu
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryGuangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child HealthGuangzhouGuangdongChina
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Manoj A, Ahmad MK, Prasad G, Kumar D, Mahdi AA, Kumar M. Screening and validation of novel serum panel of microRNA in stratification of prostate cancer. Prostate Int 2023; 11:150-158. [PMID: 37745909 PMCID: PMC10513910 DOI: 10.1016/j.prnil.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Owing to the heterogeneous nature of prostate cancer (PCa) and errors in the characterization of the disease, researchers have been trying to unveil molecular biomarkers like microRNA (miRNA) as diagnostic markers. The purpose of our study is to demonstrate the precision of a panel of miRNAs as biomarkers with diagnostic potential for risk stratification. Materials and methods The present study demonstrates the comparative expression profiles of miRNA-141,-1290,-100, and -335 in both tissue and serum, including Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH) and PCa, with healthy volunteers. Firstly, we demonstrate the expression of all miRNAs in the discovery cohort, including metastasis and benign tissue, and later validate their non-invasive diagnostic potential in BPH and PCa with healthy volunteers. MiRNA was isolated from tissue and serum to be quantified by RT-PCR and analyzed for biomarker potential by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, followed by targetome analysis of each miRNA. Results Among the non-invasive miRNA assessed, it was seen that miRNA 141 (P = 0.0003) and miRNA 1290 (P < 0.0001) are oncogenic with significantly higher expression, while miRNA 100 (P = 0.0002) and miRNA 335 are tumor suppressor, in PCa as compared to controls. While for BPH, miRNA 141 (P = 0.003) and miRNA 335 (P = 0.0002) were found to be significantly oncogenic and tumor suppressors, respectively. The analysis of the ROC curve of panel miRNAs (miRNA-141,-1290, and -100) portrayed a significant area under the curve with greater sensitivity and specificity. Moreover, in-silico prediction of their respective targetomes represents their extensive involvement in PCa progression and various other cascades that aid in PCa networks. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, we are going to report for the first time this panel of miRNA that can be used to accurately and efficiently diagnose BPH and PCa patients from healthy males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anveshika Manoj
- Department of Biochemistry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammad K. Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gautam Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Durgesh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abbas A. Mahdi
- Department of Biochemistry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Urology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Fathi D, Elballal MS, Elesawy AE, Abulsoud AI, Elshafei A, Elsakka EG, Ismail A, El-Mahdy HA, Elrebehy MA, Doghish AS. An emphasis on the interaction of signaling pathways highlights the role of miRNAs in the etiology and treatment resistance of gastric cancer. Life Sci 2023; 322:121667. [PMID: 37023952 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is 4th in incidence and mortality rates globally. Several genetic and epigenetic factors, including microRNAs (miRNAs), affect its initiation and progression. miRNAs are short chains of nucleic acids that can regulate several cellular processes by controlling their gene expression. So, dysregulation of miRNAs expressions is associated with GC initiation, progression, invasion capacity, apoptosis evasions, angiogenesis, promotion and EMT enhancement. Of important pathways in GC and controlled by miRNAs are Wnt/β-catenin signaling, HMGA2/mTOR/P-gp, PI3K/AKT/c-Myc, VEGFR and TGFb signaling. Hence, this review was conducted to review an updated view of the role of miRNAs in GC pathogenesis and their modulatory effects on responses to different GC treatment modalities.
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Xu Y, Wang G, Hu W, He S, Li D, Chen P, Zhang J, Gao Y, Yu D, Zong L. Clinical role of miR-421 as a novel biomarker in diagnosis of gastric cancer patients: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29242. [PMID: 35583533 PMCID: PMC9276225 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) has been identified as one of the most common malignancies. It was found that microRNAs can be used as potential biomarkers for GC diagnosis. The aim of this study was to estimate the diagnostic value of 4 potential microRNAs in GC. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were used to search published studies. The quality of the studies was scored with the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies. The pooled sensitivity and specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated. The heterogeneity was evaluated using Cochrane Q statistics and the inconsistency index. RESULTS A total of 22 studies reporting the diagnostic value of miR-21 (n = 9), miR-106 (n = 10), miR-421 (n = 5) and miR-223 (n = 3) were included. Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies scores showed the high quality of the selected 22 articles. The random effects model was adopted by evaluating the heterogeneity between articles. The DOR, AUC, and Q value of miRNA-21 were 12.37 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.36-28.54), 0.86 and 0.79, respectively. The DOR, AUC and Q value of miRNA-106 were 12.98 [95% CI: 7.14-23.61], 0.85 and 0.78, respectively. The DOR, AUC and Q value of miRNA-421 were 27.86 [95% CI: 6.04-128.48], 0.92 and 0.86, respectively. The DOR, AUC and Q value of miRNA-223 were 18.50 [95% CI: 7.80-43.86], 0.87 and 0.80, respectively. These results indicate that miRNA-421 has the highest diagnostic accuracy, followed by miR-223, miRNA-21, and miRNA-106 among the 4 microRNAs in GC. CONCLUSIONS miR-21, miR-106, miR-421, and miR-223 have good diagnostic efficacy, especially miR-421, could be used as auxiliary diagnostic indicator for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Yizheng People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guiping Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Clinical Medical School of Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
- Clinical Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Wenqing Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Changzhi People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Changzhi, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Songbing He
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Dandan Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Changzhi People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Changzhi, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Clinical Medical School of Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jinjie Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Heji Hospital of Changzhi Medical college, Changzhi, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Yongshun Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Duonan Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-coding RNA Research, Yangzhou University School of Medicine, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Liang Zong
- Department of General Surgery, Yizheng People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Changzhi People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Changzhi, Shanxi, PR China
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Lu Y. miR-223-5p Suppresses OTX1 to Mediate Malignant Progression of Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6248793. [PMID: 34306176 PMCID: PMC8282403 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6248793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) features high morbidity and mortality as a worldwide malignant tumor. This study mainly explored a miR-223-5p-dependent mechanism that affected proliferation, invasion, and migration of LUSC cells. METHODS Expression data of mature miRNAs and sequencing data of total RNA of LUSC were downloaded from TCGA database. Differentially expressed mRNAs were obtained. Function of miR-223-5p in LUSC cells was detected by assays like qRT-PCR, MTT, wound healing assay, Western blot, and Transwell assay. Western blot was performed to analyze the relationship between OTX1 and JAK/STAT signaling pathways. Dual-luciferase assay detected the relationship between miR-223-5p and OTX1. The way how miR-223-5p regulated LUSC cell biological functions via OTX1 was further explored. RESULTS It was noted that miR-223-5p expression in LUSC tissue and cells was significantly reduced. Overexpression of miR-223-5p negatively regulated the proliferation, invasion, and migration of LUSC cells. The downstream target gene OTX1 was detected to be notably elevated in LUSC cells. A negative correlation between OTX1 and miR-223-5p was also found. As analyzed by GSEA, OTX1 was significantly enriched in the JAK/STAT signaling pathway and activated the pathway. Dual-luciferase assay demonstrated that OTX1 was a direct molecular target of miR-223-5p in LUSC cells. Rescue experiment verified that miR-223-5p regulated the malignant phenotypes of LUSC cells by pairing with OTX1. CONCLUSION This study indicated that miR-223-5p was lowly expressed in LUSC cells. The impact of miR-223-5p on cell proliferation, invasion, and migration was realized by targeting OTX1. It is likely that miR-223-5p can be a novel target for LUSC treatment, which provides new ideas for future LUSC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunping Lu
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
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7
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Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. Outcomes from GC remain poor, especially in Western nations where cancer diagnosis is usually at advanced stages where curative resection is not possible. By contrast, nations of East Asia have adopted methods of population-level screening with improvements in stage of diagnosis and survival. In this review, the authors discuss the epidemiology of GC in Western populations, highlight at-risk populations who may benefit from screening, overview screening modalities, and discuss promising approaches to early GC detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Alway Building M211, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Joo Ha Hwang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Alway Building M211, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Aalami AH, Pouresmaeil V, Amirabadi A, Mojahed FH, Rad MQ, Sahebkar A. Evaluation of the Diagnostic Properties of Serum hsa-miR-223-5p in the Detection of Gastric Cancer: A Case-Control Study. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:800-808. [PMID: 32013852 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200204100602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRs) are a group of small non-coding and single-stranded RNAs of 18 to 25 nucleotides. The study of microRNAs is one of the new ways to detect cancer. In this study, the serum expression of miR-223 in patients with GC was measured and compared with the control group. METHODS This case-control study was conducted on 39 patients with GC and 39 control subjects who visited the Reza Radiotherapy and Oncology Center, Mashhad, Iran, due to gastrointestinal complaints. The demographic information was collected, and the serum levels of miR-223 were measured using the real-time PCR technique in all study subjects. The association between the GC of miR-223 and tumor staging and cancer progression was assessed. RESULTS The miR-223 expression in GC patients was 3.10-fold higher than that of the control group (p<0.0001). The miR-223 expression was significantly higher in the GC stages and grades compared to the control group (p<0.0001 each). However, there was no significant effect for age, smoking, and gender on miR- 223 expression in GC and controls. At the optimal cutoff value of 0.7436, the maximal sensitivity of 89.74% and specificity of 84.62% were achieved for miR-223 (p<0.001). The sensitivity and specificity for miR-223 for differentiating low grades from high grade were 92.31% and 73.08% (p=0.0003), and for differentiating low stages from the high stage was 81.82% and 39.29% respectively (p=0.696). CONCLUSION This study revealed that miR-223 could be considered as a non-invasive diagnostic marker in the early diagnosis of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir H Aalami
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Pouresmaeil
- Department of Biochemistry, Mashhad Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Amirabadi
- Solid Tumors Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Reza Radiation Oncology Center, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh H Mojahed
- Department of Medical Sciences, Mashhad Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdi Q Rad
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Jonaitis P, Kiudelis V, Streleckiene G, Gedgaudas R, Skieceviciene J, Kupcinskas J. Novel Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Benign and Malignant Gastrointestinal Diseases. Dig Dis 2021; 40:1-13. [PMID: 33647906 DOI: 10.1159/000515522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various noninvasive biomarkers have been used in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of different gastrointestinal (GI) diseases for years. Novel technological developments and profound perception of molecular processes related to GI diseases over the last decade have allowed researchers to evaluate genetic, epigenetic, and many other potential molecular biomarkers in different diseases and clinical settings. Here, we present a review of recent and most relevant articles in order to summarize major findings on novel biomarkers in the diagnosis of benign and malignant GI diseases. SUMMARY Genetic variations, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), cell-free DNA (cfDNA), and microbiome-based biomarkers have been extensively analyzed as potential biomarkers in benign and malignant GI diseases. Multiple single-nucleotide polymorphisms have been linked with a number of GI diseases, and these observations are further being used to build up disease-specific genetic risk scores. Micro-RNAs and long ncRNAs have a large potential as noninvasive biomarkers in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases and GI tumors. Altered microbiome profiles were observed in multiple GI diseases, but most of the findings still lack translational clinical application. As of today, cfDNA appears to be the most potent biomarker for early detection and screening of GI cancers. Key Messages: Novel noninvasive molecular biomarkers show huge potential as useful tools in the diagnostics and management of different GI diseases. However, the use of these biomarkers in real-life clinical practice still remains limited, and further large studies are needed to elucidate the ultimate role of these potential noninvasive clinical tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulius Jonaitis
- Department of Gastroenterology and Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vytautas Kiudelis
- Department of Gastroenterology and Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Greta Streleckiene
- Department of Gastroenterology and Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rolandas Gedgaudas
- Department of Gastroenterology and Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jurgita Skieceviciene
- Department of Gastroenterology and Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Juozas Kupcinskas
- Department of Gastroenterology and Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Aalami AH, Abdeahad H, Mesgari M, Sahebkar A. MicroRNA-223 in gastrointestinal cancers: A systematic review and diagnostic meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Invest 2021; 51:e13448. [PMID: 33244751 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have been conducted on the diagnostic role of miR-223 in cancers related to the digestive system. However, the diagnostic role of this microRNA in gastrointestinal (GI) cancers has not been fully elucidated. This meta-analysis aimed to accurately assess the diagnostic role of circulating miR-223 in GI cancers. METHODS A literature search was performed in PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Embase and Scopus, up to 1st May 2020 databases. Twelve studies were eligible and included in the analysis. Meta-Disc software was used to calculate the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, area under the curve (AUC) and the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) based on true positive, true negative, false negative and false positive for each gastrointestinal cancer separately and in total. RESULTS Twelve case-control studies were included with 1859 participants (1080 cases and 779 controls). Pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio and diagnostic odds ratio were 0.77 (95% CI: 0.74-0.79), 0.75 (95% CI: 0.72-0.78), 3.04 (95% CI: 2.20-4.18), 0.31 (95% CI: 0.22-0.42) and 10.77 (95% CI: 5.96-19.47), respectively. AUC was 0.83, suggesting a high-grade diagnostic precision of miR-223 in gastrointestinal cancers. Besides, subgroup analyses were performed to assess the diagnostic power of miR-223 based on the type of gastrointestinal cancer, sample type and country via calculating pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio and diagnostic odds ratio. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis showed the value of circulating miR-223 levels in the early diagnosis of diverse digestive system carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Aalami
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Abdeahad
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Collogue of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Mohammad Mesgari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland.,Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Ahadi A. A systematic review of microRNAs as potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer. Immunogenetics 2021; 73:155-161. [PMID: 33399935 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-020-01201-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of global cancer morbidity and mortality. One of the significant challenges in GC treatment is that most GC patients are diagnosed with advanced-stage disease due to the lack of suitable biomarkers. Recent studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) can acts as a potential biomarker in GC diagnosis and prognosis. I performed a systematic review of published miRNA studies in GC, which includes the miRNA expression profiles between GC tissues and normal tissues and also miRNA studies to evaluate their potential value in the diagnosis and prognosis of GC. Among the studies, upregulation of miR-21, miR-106b, miR-25, miR-214, miR-18a, miR-191, and miR-93 and downregulation of miR-375, miR-148a, miR-92, miR-155, and miR-564 were observed in GC tissues. In evaluating of diagnosis value of miRNAs, the study was performed on a combined miRNA include miR-21, miR-93, miR-106a, and miR-106b indicated the panel of these miRNAs have the highest AUC 0.887 to discriminate GC patients from healthy. Also, miR-940 with a sensitivity of 81.25% and specificity of 98.57% may be used for diagnostic biomarkers for GC. Finally, the pooled prognostic result of miR-21 for hazard ratios (HR) was 1.260 (95% CI 0.370-4.330, P < 0.001), showing that miR-21 could predict poor survival in GC patients. This systematic review can confirm that we need to find a miRNA or a panel of miRNAs with high sensitivity and specificity for further exploration to investigate a better diagnostic or therapeutic tool for personalized management of GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Ahadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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12
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Paciorek P, Żuberek M, Grzelak A. Rola miRNA w rozwoju wybranych nowotworów – potencjalne zastosowanie w diagnostyce*. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2021. [DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0014.6578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Streszczenie
MikroRNA (miRNA) są małymi cząsteczkami kwasu rybonukleinowego, które mimo że nie podlegają procesowi translacji, pełnią ważną funkcję regulacyjną w komórkach eukariotycznych. Ich fizjologiczną funkcją jest utrzymywanie homeostazy komórek. Zaburzona ekspresja miRNA może spowodować rozwój wielu chorób, w tym chorób nowotworowych. Działanie miRNA polega na hamowaniu tworzenia się białek, w tym białek o właściwościach onkogennych i antyonkogennych. Mutacje w miejscach kodowania miRNA mogą prowadzić do nadmiernego lub zmniejszonego wytwarzania wspomnianych białek. Odkrycie miRNA i poznanie ich roli w komórce otworzyło nowe możliwości dla diagnostyki chorób nowotworowych. Zmiany poziomu odpowiednich miRNA, w krwiobiegu lub innych płynach ustrojowych, mogą być markerem diagnostycznym chorób. Diagnostyka onkologiczna mogłaby przebiegać na podstawie badań profilu miRNA pacjenta i porównania go z opracowanymi wcześniej profilami zmian miRNA powiązanymi z występowaniem danego rodzaju choroby nowotworowej. Informacja o zmianach profilu miRNA podstawowych w regulacji ekspresji genów związanych z procesami nowotworzenia, mogłaby się przyczynić do opracowania terapii eksperymentalnych opartych na przywróceniu pierwotnego poziomu miRNA w komórkach, a tym samym, na przywróceniu prawidłowej regulacji ekspresji genów. Coraz nowsze metody wyciszania i włączania ekspresji miRNA mogą w przyszłości zaowocować skutecznymi rozwiązaniami terapeutycznymi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Paciorek
- Katedra Biofizyki Molekularnej, Wydział Biologii i Ochrony Środowiska , Uniwersytet Łódzki
| | - Mariusz Żuberek
- Katedra Biofizyki Molekularnej, Wydział Biologii i Ochrony Środowiska , Uniwersytet Łódzki
| | - Agnieszka Grzelak
- Katedra Biofizyki Molekularnej, Wydział Biologii i Ochrony Środowiska , Uniwersytet Łódzki
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Eniafe J, Jiang S. MicroRNA-99 family in cancer and immunity. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2020; 12:e1635. [PMID: 33230974 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The microRNA (miR)-99 family comprising miR-99a, miR-99b, and miR-100 is an evolutionarily conserved family with existence dating prior to the bilaterians. Members are typically oncogenic in leukemia while their functional roles in other cancers alternate between that of a tumor suppressor and a tumor promoter. Targets of the miR-99 family rank in the lists of oncogenes and tumor suppressors, thereby illustrating the dual role of this miR family as oncogenic miRs (oncomiRs) and tumor suppressing miRs (TSmiRs) in different cellular contexts. In addition to their functional roles in cancers, miR-99 family is implicated in the modulation of macrophage inflammatory responses and T-cell subsets biology, thereby exerting critical roles in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis, establishment of peripheral tolerance as well as resolution of an inflammatory reaction. Here, we review emerging knowledge of this miR family and discuss remaining concerns linked to their activities. A better dissection of the functional roles of miR-99 family members in cancer and immunity will help in the development of novel miR-99-based therapeutics for the treatment of human cancer and immune-related diseases. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Eniafe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
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Abdi E, Latifi-Navid S, Abdi F, Taherian-Esfahani Z. Emerging circulating MiRNAs and LncRNAs in upper gastrointestinal cancers. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2020; 20:1121-1138. [DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2020.1842199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Esmat Abdi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Saeid Latifi-Navid
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Abdi
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Technologies, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Namin, Iran
| | - Zahra Taherian-Esfahani
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Alzahra University Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Takebayashi K, Nasu K, Okamoto M, Aoyagi Y, Hirakawa T, Narahara H. hsa-miR-100-5p, an overexpressed miRNA in human ovarian endometriotic stromal cells, promotes invasion through attenuation of SMARCD1 expression. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2020; 18:31. [PMID: 32299427 PMCID: PMC7161200 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-020-00590-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of microRNAs are aberrantly expressed in endometriosis and are involved in its pathogenesis. Our previous study demonstrated that has-miR-100-5p expression is enhanced in human endometriotic cyst stromal cells (ECSCs). The present study aimed to elucidate the roles of has-miR-100-5p in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. METHODS Normal endometrial stromal cells (NESCs) were isolated from normal eutopic endometrium without endometriosis. Using hsa-miR-100-5p-transfected NESCs, we evaluated the effect of hsa-miR-100-5p on the invasiveness of these cells by Transwell invasion assay and in-vitro wound repair assay. We also investigated the downstream signal pathways of hsa-miR-100-5p by microarray analysis and Ingenuity pathways analysis. RESULTS hsa-miR-100-5p transfection enhanced the invasion and motility of NESCs. After hsa-miR-100-5p transfection, mRNA expression of SWItch/sucrose non-fermentable-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily D member 1 (SMARCD1) was significantly attenuated. Whereas, the expression of matrix metallopeptidase 1 (MMP1) mRNA and active MMP1 protein levels was upregulated. CONCLUSION We found that SMARCD1/MMP-1 is a downstream pathway of hsa-miR-100-5p. hsa-miR-100-5p transfection enhanced the motility of NESCs by inhibiting SMARCD1 expression and MMP1 activation. These findings suggest that enhanced hsa-miR-100-5p expression in endometriosis is involved in promoting the acquisition of endometriosis-specific characteristics during endometriosis development. Our present findings on the roles of hsa-miR-100-5p may thus contribute to understand the epigenetic mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanetoshi Takebayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Idaigaoka 1-1, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Kaei Nasu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Idaigaoka 1-1, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan.
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Support System for Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan.
| | - Mamiko Okamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Idaigaoka 1-1, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Yoko Aoyagi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Idaigaoka 1-1, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Tomoko Hirakawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Idaigaoka 1-1, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Hisashi Narahara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Idaigaoka 1-1, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
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Soeda N, Iinuma H, Suzuki Y, Tsukahara D, Midorikawa H, Igarashi Y, Kumata Y, Horikawa M, Kiyokawa T, Fukagawa T, Fukushima R. Plasma exosome-encapsulated microRNA-21 and microRNA-92a are promising biomarkers for the prediction of peritoneal recurrence in patients with gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:4467-4480. [PMID: 31611956 PMCID: PMC6781766 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In patients with gastric cancer (GC), peritoneal recurrence is a common risk and associated with poor prognosis. A novel biomarker for the prediction of high-risk peritoneal recurrence in patients with GC is desirable. The present study investigated the effectiveness of exosome-encapsulated microRNAs (ex-miRNAs) as minimally invasive biomarkers in patients with GC that received curative surgery. Recurrence-specific ex-miRNAs were selected following comparison of miRNA microarray data from patients with TNM stage II GC with peritoneal recurrence (n=3) and without peritoneal recurrence following curative surgery (n=3), and three healthy volunteers. In this analysis, exosome-encapsulated miRNA-21 (ex-miR-21) and exosomal miR-92a (ex-miR-92a) exhibited the greatest alterations in expression patterns. Using plasma exosome samples collected from another 129 patients with stage II and III GC, the present study investigated the potential value of ex-miR-21 and ex-miR-92a as biomarkers. Ex-miRNA levels were measured using TaqMan miRNA assays. Ex-miR-21 levels were significantly higher and ex-miR-92a levels were significantly lower in samples from patients with GC compared with healthy controls. The overall survival (OS) and peritoneal recurrence-free survival (PRFS) were poorer in stage II and III patients with high ex-miR-21 levels than in patients with low miR-21 levels. OS and PRFS of stage II and III patients with low ex-miR92a levels were significantly worse than those with high ex-miR92a levels. Cox multivariate analyses indicated that ex-miR-21 and ex-miR-92a were independent prognostic factors for OS and PRFS in stage II and III GC. A negative correlation was detected between expression levels of miR-21 and programmed cell death protein 4 mRNA, and miR-92a and prostaglandin E receptor 4 mRNA. Therefore, ex-miR-21 and ex-miR-92a may function as effective and minimally invasive biomarkers for the prediction of peritoneal recurrence and the prognosis of patients with stage II/III GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naruyoshi Soeda
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Hisae Iinuma
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Yusuke Suzuki
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tsukahara
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Hironori Midorikawa
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Yuichi Igarashi
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Kumata
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Masahiro Horikawa
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Takashi Kiyokawa
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Takeo Fukagawa
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Ryoji Fukushima
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
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Choi RSY, Lai WYX, Lee LTC, Wong WLC, Pei XM, Tsang HF, Leung JJ, Cho WCS, Chu MKM, Wong EYL, Wong SCC. Current and future molecular diagnostics of gastric cancer. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2019; 19:863-874. [PMID: 31448971 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2019.1660645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer and confers the second-highest mortality among other cancers. Improving the survival rates of GC patients requires prompt and accurate diagnosis and effective treatment which is often preceded by the poorly understood pathogenic mechanisms. Area covered: This literature review aims to summarize current understanding of genetic and molecular alterations that promote carcinogenesis including (1) activation of oncogenes, (2) overexpression of growth factors, receptors and matrix metalloproteinases, (3) inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, DNA repair genes, and cell adhesion molecules and (4) alterations of cell-cycle regulators that regulate biological characteristics of cancer cells. Moreover, the significance of molecular biomarkers such as micro-RNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and advanced molecular techniques including droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR), quantitative PCR (qPCR) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) are also discussed. Expert opinion: A GC-specific panel of biomarkers based on the NGS or ddPCR has the potential for diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring treatment response in GC patients. Despite the requirements for validation in larger population in clinical studies, race-specific differences in the gene panel have also to be examined by performing the clinical trials in subjects with different races.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Sin-Yu Choi
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Wing Yin Xenia Lai
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Lok Ting Claire Lee
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Wing Lam Christa Wong
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Xiao Meng Pei
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Hin Fung Tsang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Joel Johnson Leung
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - William Chi Shing Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital , Kowloon , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Man Kee Maggie Chu
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Elaine Yue Ling Wong
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Sze Chuen Cesar Wong
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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MicroRNA Sequencing Reveals the Effect of Different Levels of Non-Fibrous Carbohydrate/Neutral Detergent Fiber on Rumen Development in Calves. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9080496. [PMID: 31357699 PMCID: PMC6720277 DOI: 10.3390/ani9080496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary By histological sectioning and staining of rumen tissues from calves fed with a high or low ratio of non-fibrous carbohydrate/neutral detergent fiber diet, we found that the length and width of papillae were significantly affected by the ratio. From microRNA expression analysis we found cell proliferation, differentiation, physical and nutrient stimuli processes participate in the development of the rumen. In addition, bta-miR-128 was found to affect rumen development by negatively regulating PPARG and SLC16A1. Our findings provided an important resource for the continuing study of rumen development and absorption. Abstract Rumen development in calves is affected by many factors, including dietary composition. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to function in the development of the rumen in cattle, what is not known is how these miRNAs function in rumen development of calves fed with high and low ratios of non-fibrous carbohydrate (NFC)/neutral detergent fiber (NDF). A total of six healthy Charolais hybrids bull calves of similar weight were divided into two groups; three calves were fed a mixed diet with NFC/NDF = 1.35 (H group), and three were fed a mixed diet with NFC/NDF = 0.80 (L group). After 105 days on the diet, calves were sacrificed and rumen tissues were collected. Tissues were subjected to histological observation and miRNA expression analysis. Functional enrichment analysis was conducted on the target genes of the miRNAs. Targeting and regulatory relationships were verified by luciferase reporter assay and quantitative PCR (qPCR). We found that the length of rumen papilla in the L group was significantly greater than that in the H group, while the width of rumen papilla in H group was significantly greater than that that in L group. We identified 896 miRNAs; 540 known miRNAs, and 356 novel predicted miRNAs. After statistical testing, we identified 24 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs). miRNA-mRNA-cluster network analysis and literature reviews revealed that cell proliferation, differentiation, physical and nutrient stimuli processes participate in rumen development under different NFC/NDF levels. The regulatory relationships between three DEmiRNAs and five target genes were verified by examining the levels of expression. The binding sites on bta-miR-128 for the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARG) and solute carrier family 16 member 1 (SLC16A1) genes were investigated using a dual luciferase assay. The results of this study provide insight into the role of miRNAs in rumen development in calves under different NFC/NDF levels.
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Yang D, Tang S, Yang Y, Yang F, Jiang W, Liu Y, Zhang F, Fang H, Wang S, Zhang Y. Generation and Validation of miR-100 Hepatocyte-Specific Knock-Out Mice. Front Oncol 2019; 9:535. [PMID: 31293973 PMCID: PMC6606737 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Inactivation of microRNA-100 (miR-100) is involved in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and miR-100 behaves as a tumor suppressor. To understand miR-100 function in HCC genesis and development in vivo, we developed hepatocyte-specific miR-100 deficient mice. Methods: Mice homozygous for floxed miR-100 allele that carried the Alb-Cre transgene (miR-100flox/floxAlb -Cre+) were developed by mating miR-100flox/flox mice with Alb-Cre+/+mice. The mice tails DNA were genotyped using the primers for LoxP sites and Cre recombinase, respectively. The specific deletion of miR-100 in the livers was verified by quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). HE-staining was performed for histology analysis. Liver function was assessed by transaminase activity. The metabolic profiles of the hepatocytes were detected using a Seahorse XFe24 extracellular flux analyzer. The direct targets of miR-100 (such as IGF1R-β, mTOR and CDC25A) and HCC related protein (SHP-2) were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot in liver tissues. Results: The resultant homozygous knockout mice with genotype of miR-100flox/flox-Alb-Cre+ showed an 80% decrease in hepatic miR-100 expression. In adult mice, miR-100 knockout has no effect on the liver function and morphology. In aged mice, HE staining showed that miR-100 knockout caused infiltration of inflammatory cells and expansion of hepatocellular nuclei. Consistently, liver function was impaired in miR-100 knockout aged mice as indicated by increased serum AST and ALT levels. The metabolic analysis demonstrated that the miR-100 knockout hepatocytes tend to adopt glycolysis. The expressions of the miR-100 target genes, such as IGF1R-β, CDC25A and mTOR, were increased. In addition, the known HCC related protein, SHP-2 also was up-regulated in the knockout livers. Conclusions: We successfully generated a miR-100 hepatocyte-specific knock-out mouse model. The malignant transformation related to HCC were observed in aged mice. Therefore, this model is suitable for investigating the mechanism of miR-100 inactivation contributing to HCC genesis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Sai Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wengang Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yakun Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fengyun Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Haoshu Fang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Siying Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuxia Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Parvaee P, Sarmadian H, Khansarinejad B, Amini M, Mondanizadeh M. Plasma Level of MicroRNAs, MiR-107, MiR-194 and MiR-210 as Potential Biomarkers for Diagnosis Intestinal-Type Gastric
Cancer in Human. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:1421-1426. [PMID: 31127902 PMCID: PMC6857871 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.5.1421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Timely and sensitive diagnosis of gastric cancer is crucial for efficient treatment and survival of the patients. microRNAs have been considered as diagnostic biomarkers in different type of cancers including gastric cancer. In the present study, the expression profile of four microRNAs, miR-103, miR-107, miR-194 and miR-210 were evaluated in patients with intestinal-type of gastric cancer (IGC) in order to assess their diagnosis utility as noninvasive biomarkers. Methods: A total number of 100 plasma samples from patients with gastric cancer and healthy controls were obtained and total RNA was extracted using a commercial monophasic solution of phenol and guanidium thiocyanate. Reverse transcription (RT) reactions were performed by specific stem-loop RT primers and M-MuLV RT-enzyme. The expression patterns of microRNAs were assessed using reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) method and the expression of SNORD47 RNA was used as the reference for normalization. Results: The results indicate that the plasma levels of miR-107, miR-194, and miR-210 were significantly lower in patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the patients could be distinguished from healthy individuals at the cutoff levels of 0.504, 0.266, and 0.394 of miR-107, miR-194, and miR-210, respectively. On the other hand, the expression levels of these miRNAs were not significantly different in different clinicopathological stages of the disease. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the plasma levels of miR-107, miR-194 and miR-210 were downregulated in patients with ICG and propose these molecules as potential non-invasive biomarkers for detection of IGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Parvaee
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
| | - Hossein Sarmadian
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Behzad Khansarinejad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.,Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Mahmood Amini
- Department of Surgery, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Mondanizadeh
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran. ,Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
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Chen C, Tang X, Liu Y, Zhu J, Liu J. Induction/reversal of drug resistance in gastric cancer by non-coding RNAs (Review). Int J Oncol 2019; 54:1511-1524. [PMID: 30896792 PMCID: PMC6438417 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most prevalent and malignant types of cancer worldwide. In China, it is the second most common type of cancer and the malignancy with the highest incidence and mortality rate. Chemotherapy for GC is not always effective due to the development of drug resistance. Drug resistance, which is frequently observed in GC, undermines the success rate of chemotherapy and the survival of patients with GC. The dysregulation of non‑coding RNAs (ncRNAs), primarily microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) and long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs), is involved in the development of GC drug resistance via numerous mechanisms. These mechanisms contribute to the involvement of a large and complex network of ncRNAs in drug resistance. In this review, we focus on and summarize the latest research on the specific mechanisms of action of miRNAs and lncRNAs that modulate drug resistance in GC. In addition, we discuss future prospects and clinical applications of ncRNAs as potential targeted therapies against the chemoresistance of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohuan Tang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
| | - Yuanda Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
| | - Jiaming Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
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Serum miR-16 as a potential biomarker for human cancer diagnosis: results from a large-scale population. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2019; 145:787-796. [PMID: 30706130 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-019-02849-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a serious public health problem worldwide, and difficulty in early diagnosis has been the chief obstacle to improve the prognosis of patients. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) were widely studied to be potential biomarkers for cancer detection. miR-16 is a prevalent but sophisticated one. In the current study, we aimed to assess the diagnostic value of serum miR-16 for cancer detection. METHODS A total of 1458 cancer patients, containing ten types of cancers, and 1457 non-cancer controls were recruited in this study. qRT-PCR was used for the amplification of miRNAs. In addition, a meta-analysis of reported studies was performed to confirm our findings systematically. RESULTS Consequently, miR-16 was down-regulated in ESCC, GCA and GNCA patients compared with NCs (all P < 0.001), while up-regulated in PDAC patients (P = 0.001), LAC, LSCC and EEC patients (all P < 0.001). But no significant differences were observed in CRC, EOC and TC patients when compared to NCs (P = 0.747, 0.235 and 0.268, respectively). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of miR-16 in GCA, ESCC, LAC, LSCC, GNCA, PDAC and EEC were 0.881, 0.780, 0.757, 0.693, 0.602, 0.614 and 0.681, respectively. Results of meta-analysis showed that miR-16 achieved an overall pooled sensitivity of 0.72, specificity of 0.79, and AUC of 0.85, suggesting that miR-16 was a promising biomarker in cancer detection. CONCLUSIONS We provided a comprehensive view of the diagnostic value of serum miR-16 in cancer diagnosis, and confirmed that circulating miR-16 could play an important role in cancer detection.
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Wei H, Pu K, Liu XG, Li BX, Zhang HS, Wang H, Wang H, Sun WM, Wang YP. The diagnostic value of circulating microRNAs as a biomarker for gastric cancer: A meta‑analysis. Oncol Rep 2019; 41:87-102. [PMID: 30320349 PMCID: PMC6278421 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, cancer research microRNA studies have drawn great attention. However, the results of these studies have been inconsistent and variable regarding the availability of circulating miRNAs in gastric cancer (GC) diagnosis. Thus, results should be interpreted cautiously. The purpose of the present study was to assess the diagnostic performance of circulating miRNAs in GC diagnosis. We conducted a systematic and comprehensive approach for the inclusion of studies. The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio were pooled with random effects models, and a summary of receiver operator characteristic (SROC) curves were plotted. The potential heterogeneity was assessed with Q test and I2 statistics. Subgroup analyses and meta‑regressions further investigated the sources of heterogeneity. A total of 77 studies from 48 articles were eligible for the meta‑analysis. The results revealed a sensitivity of 0.76, a specificity of 0.81, and an AUC of 0.86 for gastric cancer diagnosis with circulating miRNAs. In addition, subgroup analyses indicated that multiple miRNAs assays, non‑microarray screening approaches, and serum‑based miRNA assays exhibited good diagnostic performance in contrast to a single miRNA assay, microarray expression profiling screening, and plasma‑based miRNA group analysis. The diagnostic ability of miRNAs in early stage I‑II groups and the high expression group were approximately similar to that in the stage I‑IV groups and the low expression group. For the circulating miRNAs, our meta‑analysis identified a combination of multiple miRNAs, non‑microarray chip screening, and serum‑based miRNA assays were associated with the most effective GC diagnostic performance. However, many unclear molecular mechanisms limited the accuracy of the diagnostic results, and should be interpreted with caution. Further large‑scale prospective studies are required for validating the diagnostic applicability of circulating miRNAs in gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Ke Pu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Guang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Bo-Xuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Heng-Shuo Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Huan Wang
- The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Ming Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Ping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
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Ma Q, Li G, Tao Z, Wang J, Wang R, Liu P, Luo Y, Zhao H. Blood microRNA-93 as an indicator for diagnosis and prediction of functional recovery of acute stroke patients. J Clin Neurosci 2018; 62:121-127. [PMID: 30579843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the diagnostic and predictive potential of microRNA-93 in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients within 6 h of stroke onset and its regulation on microglial inflammation in vitro. Our results showed that the miR-93 levels in plasma and neutrophil detected by real-time PCR were evidently reduced in AIS patients, and Pearson's correlation analysis showed that miR-93 levels in plasma and neutrophils had a significant positive linear correlation. Moreover, miR-93 levels in plasma and neutrophils of stroke patients at time of admission were not correlated with infarct volume and NIHSS (National Institute of Health stroke scale) scores at admission, but neutrophil miR-93 levels were positively correlated with the Barthel Index 7 days after stroke. Importantly, miR-93 levels in plasma and neutrophil of AIS patients were negatively correlated with the expression of TNF-α and IL-10. Furthermore, in vitro treatment with miR-93 agomir decreased the OGD (Oxygen and glucose deprivation)-induced proliferation of BV2 microglial cells tested by Flow cytometry. We demonstrated that miR-93 in blood has a potential to facilitate the diagnosis and prediction of neurological outcomes of acute ischemic stroke, and is involved in inflammation possibly through targeting the proliferation of microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Ma
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Research Institute and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangwen Li
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Research Institute and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Tao
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Research Institute and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Research Institute and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rongliang Wang
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Research Institute and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Research Institute and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yumin Luo
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Research Institute and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Haiping Zhao
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Research Institute and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China.
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25
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Link A, Kupcinskas J. MicroRNAs as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers for gastric cancer: Current insights and future perspectives. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:3313-3329. [PMID: 30122873 PMCID: PMC6092583 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i30.3313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers may contribute to an early identification of gastric cancer (GC) and improve the clinical management. Unfortunately, no sensitive and specific screening biomarkers are available yet and the currently available approaches are limited by the nature of the disease. GC is a heterogenic disease with various distinct genetic and epigenetic events that occur during the multifactorial cascade of carcinogenesis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are commonly deregulated in gastric mucosa during the Helicobacter pylori infection and in stepwise manner from chronic gastritis, through preneoplastic conditions such as atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia, to early dysplasia and invasive cancer. Identification of miRNAs in blood in 2008 led to a great interest on miRNA-based diagnostic, prognostic biomarkers in GC. In this review, we provide the most recent systematic review on the existing studies related to miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for GC. Here, we systematically evaluate 75 studies related to differential expression of circulating miRNAs in GC patients and provide novel view on various heterogenic aspects of the existing data and summarize the methodological differences. Finally, we highlight several important aspects crucial to improve the future translational and clinical research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Link
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Juozas Kupcinskas
- Institute for Digestive Research and Department of Gastroenterology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas LT-44307, Lithuania
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26
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Zhao G, Jiang T, Liu Y, Huai G, Lan C, Li G, Jia G, Wang K, Yang M. Droplet digital PCR-based circulating microRNA detection serve as a promising diagnostic method for gastric cancer. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:676. [PMID: 29929476 PMCID: PMC6013872 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4601-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Novel non-invasive biomarkers for gastric cancer (GC) are needed, because the present diagnostic methods for GC are either invasive or insensitive and non-specific in clinic. The presence of stable circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in plasma suggested a promising role as GC biomarkers. METHODS Based on the quantitative droplet digital PCR (ddPCR), four miRNAs (miR-21, miR-93, miR-106a and miR-106b) related to the presence of GC were identified in plasma from a training cohort of 147 participants and a validation cohort of 28 participants. RESULTS All circulating miRNA levels were significantly higher in the plasma of GC patients compared to healthy controls (P < 0.05). Through a combination of four miRNAs by logistic regression model, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses yielded the highest AUC value of 0.887 in discriminating GC patients from healthy volunteers. Furthermore, miR-21, miR-93 and miR-106b levels were significantly related to an advanced TNM stage in GC patients. ROC analyses of the combined miRNA panel also showed the highest AUC value of 0.809 in discriminating GC patients with TNM stage I and II from stage III and IV. Through combining four miRNAs and clinical parameters, a classical random forest model was established in the training stage. In the validation cohort, it correctly discriminated 23 out of 28 samples in the blinded phase (false rate, 17.8%). CONCLUSIONS Using the ddPCR technique, circulating miR-21, miR-93, miR-106a and miR-106b could be used as diagnostic plasma biomarkers in gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoping Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610072, China. .,School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China. .,Institute of Chengdu Biology, and Sichuan Translational Medicine Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610072, China.,School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Yanzhuo Liu
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Guoli Huai
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Chunbin Lan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610072, China.,School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Guiquan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Qionglai Medical Center Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China, Chengdu, 611530, China
| | - Guiqing Jia
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610072, China.,School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610072, China.,School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Maozhu Yang
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China. .,Institute of Chengdu Biology, and Sichuan Translational Medicine Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,Department of General Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610072, China.
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27
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Lin LY, Yang L, Zeng Q, Wang L, Chen ML, Zhao ZH, Ye GD, Luo QC, Lv PY, Guo QW, Li BA, Cai JC, Cai WY. Tumor-originated exosomal lncUEGC1 as a circulating biomarker for early-stage gastric cancer. Mol Cancer 2018; 17:84. [PMID: 29690888 PMCID: PMC5978993 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-018-0834-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional tumor markers for non-invasive diagnosis of gastric cancer (GC) exhibit insufficient sensitivity and specificity to facilitate detection of early gastric cancer (EGC). We aimed to identify EGC-specific exosomal lncRNA biomarkers that are highly sensitive and stable for the non-invasive diagnosis of EGC. Hence, in the present study, exosomes from the plasma of five healthy individuals and ten stage I GC patients and from culture media of four human primary stomach epithelial cells and four gastric cancer cells (GCCs) were isolated. Exosomal RNA profiling was performed using RNA sequencing to identify EGC-specific exosomal lncRNAs. A total of 79 and 285 exosomal RNAs were expressed at significantly higher levels in stage I GC patients and GCCs, respectively, than that in normal controls. Through combinational analysis of the RNA sequencing results, we found two EGC-specific exosomal lncRNAs, lncUEGC1 and lncUEGC2, which were further confirmed to be remarkably up-regulated in exosomes derived from EGC patients and GCCs. Furthermore, stability testing demonstrates that almost all the plasma lncUEGC1 was encapsulated within exosomes and thus protected from RNase degradation. The diagnostic accuracy of exosomal lncUEGC1 was evaluated, and lncUEGC1 exhibited AUC values of 0.8760 and 0.8406 in discriminating EGC patients from healthy individuals and those with premalignant chronic atrophic gastritis, respectively, which was higher than the diagnostic accuracy of carcinoembryonic antigen. Consequently, exosomal lncUEGC1 may be promising in the development of highly sensitive, stable, and non-invasive biomarkers for EGC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yun Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Mao-Li Chen
- Xiamen LifeInt Technology Co., Ltd, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ze-Hang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Guo-Dong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Qi-Cong Luo
- Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Pei-Yu Lv
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Qi-Wei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Bo-An Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Jian-Chun Cai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China. .,Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Wang-Yu Cai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China. .,Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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Dou L, Han K, Xiao M, Lv F. miR-223-5p Suppresses Tumor Growth and Metastasis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Targeting E2F8. Oncol Res 2018; 27:261-268. [PMID: 29615147 PMCID: PMC7848460 DOI: 10.3727/096504018x15219188894056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
miR-223-5p has been demonstrated to regulate the development and progression of various cancers, such as hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, and gastric carcinoma. However, the role of miR-223-5p in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) requires further investigation. In this study, we found that the expression of miR-223-5p was significantly downregulated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. Moreover, the expression level of miR-223-5p is negatively correlated with the malignance of NSCLC. We found that overexpression of miR-223-5p remarkably suppressed the proliferation of NSCLC cells in vitro and in vivo. miR-223-5p overexpression also led to reduced migration and invasion in NSCLC cells. Mechanistically, we found that E2F8, a key transcription factor involved in many kinds of biological processes, was a direct target gene of miR-223-5p. Overexpression of miR-223-5p significantly decreased the mRNA and protein levels of E2F8 in NSCLC cells. We also showed that restoration of E2F8 rescued the proliferation, migration, and invasion of miR-223-5p-overexpressing NSCLC cells. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that miR-223-5p suppressed NSCLC progression through targeting E2F8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Dou
- Department of Cardiology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Kaiyu Han
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Mochao Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Fuzhen Lv
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
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Uchôa Guimarães CT, Ferreira Martins NN, Cristina da Silva Oliveira K, Almeida CM, Pinheiro TM, Gigek CO, Roberto de Araújo Cavallero S, Assumpção PP, Cardoso Smith MA, Burbano RR, Calcagno DQ. Liquid biopsy provides new insights into gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 9:15144-15156. [PMID: 29599934 PMCID: PMC5871105 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsies have great promise for precision medicine as they provide information about primary and metastatic tumors via a minimally invasive method. In gastric cancer patients, a large number of blood-based biomarkers have been reported for their potential role in clinical practice for screening, early diagnosis, prognostic evaluation, recurrence monitoring and therapeutic efficiency follow-up. This current review focuses on blood liquid biopsies' role and their clinical implications in gastric cancer patients, with an emphasis on circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and circulating non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). We also provide a brief discussion of the potential and limitations of liquid biopsies use and their future use in the routine clinical care of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Tavares Uchôa Guimarães
- Residência Multiprofissional em Oncologia, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | | | | | - Caroline Martins Almeida
- Residência Multiprofissional em Oncologia, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Carolina Oliveira Gigek
- Disciplina de Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Disciplina de Gastroenterologia Cirurgica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Rommel Rodríguez Burbano
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Hospital Ophir Loyola, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Danielle Queiroz Calcagno
- Residência Multiprofissional em Oncologia, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
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Murakami Y, Miura K, Sato S, Higashijima A, Hasegawa Y, Miura S, Yoshiura KI, Masuzaki H. Reference values for circulating pregnancy-associated microRNAs in maternal plasma and their clinical usefulness in uncomplicated pregnancy and hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2018. [PMID: 29516574 DOI: 10.1111/jog.13610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to establish the reference values for circulating pregnancy-associated placental microRNAs in maternal plasma and clarify their clinical significance in patients with hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP). METHODS Blood samples were collected from 145 women with uncomplicated pregnancies (24, 26, 31 and 32 women at 12, 23, 30 and 36 weeks of gestation, respectively, and 32 women 1 day after delivery). Plasma concentrations of pregnancy-associated placental microRNAs (miR-515-3p, miR-517a, miR-517c and miR-518b) were measured by quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Reference values for each microRNA were determined by the line of best fit and 95% prediction interval and are expressed as logarithmic transformation. To clarify the clinical significance of these reference values, we measured the plasma concentrations of pregnancy-associated microRNAs in a different population comprising 33 pregnant women with HDP and 44 women with uncomplicated pregnancies. RESULTS Reference values for circulating pregnancy-associated placental microRNAs on chromosome 19 miRNA clusters showed an increasing tendency as pregnancy progressed and decreased significantly 1 day after delivery (P < 0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of each reference value were 57.6% and 93.2% for miR-515-3p, 63.6% and 75.0% for miR-517a, 75.8% and 79.5% for miR-517c and 63.6% and 75.0% for miR-518b, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values of each reference value were 86.4% and 74.5% for miR-515-3p, 65.6% and 73.3% for miR-517a, 73.5% and 81.4% for miR-517c and 65.6% and 73.3% for miR-518b, respectively. CONCLUSION Establishing the reference values for circulating pregnancy-associated placental microRNAs in maternal plasma could be useful for the evaluation of HDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Murakami
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kiyonori Miura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Sato
- Clinical Research Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Ai Higashijima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yuri Hasegawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shoko Miura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Koh-Ichiro Yoshiura
- Department of Human Genetics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hideaki Masuzaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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Lario S, Brunet-Vega A, Quílez ME, Ramírez-Lázaro MJ, Lozano JJ, García-Martínez L, Pericay C, Miquel M, Junquera F, Campo R, Calvet X. Expression profile of circulating microRNAs in the Correa pathway of progression to gastric cancer. United European Gastroenterol J 2018; 6:691-701. [PMID: 30083331 DOI: 10.1177/2050640618759433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Helicobacter pylori infection causes long-term chronic active gastritis, a risk factor for the intestinal and diffuse forms of gastric cancer. Most gastric cancers develop in a stepwise progression from chronic active gastritis to precursor lesions of gastric cancer. The early detection of gastric cancer improves survival. Studies with recent evidence have proposed circulating-microRNAs as biomarkers of cancer. Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the circulating-microRNA profile from H. pylori infection to gastric adenocarcinoma. Methods One hundred and twenty-three patients were enrolled and assigned to the discovery or the validation sets. In the discovery phase, circulating-microRNAs were measured by dye-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction and a selection of circulating-microRNAs was validated by probe-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction. A quality control protocol was used. Results One hundred and sixty-seven circulating-microRNAs were detected. Precursor lesions of gastric cancer and gastric cancer patients showed the downregulation of eight and five circulating-microRNAs, respectively. We further validated the deregulation of miR-196a-5p in precursor lesions of gastric cancer and the deregulation of miR-134-5p, miR-144-3p and miR-451a in gastric cancer. However, circulating-microRNAs exhibited moderate diagnostic performance due to the overlap of circulating-microRNA expression between non-cancer and cancer patients. miR-144-3p/miR-451a expression levels were correlated. Interestingly, these microRNAs are in 17q11.2, a site of rearrangements associated with gastric cancer. Conclusion Circulating-microRNAs are deregulated in precancerous and gastric cancer patients but efforts are needed to improve their diagnostic accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Lario
- Fundació Parc Taulí, Spain.,Digestive Diseases Service, Hospital de Sabadell, Sabadell, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institut Universitari Parc Taulí-UAB, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Anna Brunet-Vega
- Fundació Parc Taulí, Spain.,Institut Universitari Parc Taulí-UAB, Sabadell, Spain.,Oncology Service, Hospital de Sabadell, Sabadell, Spain
| | - María E Quílez
- Fundació Parc Taulí, Spain.,Institut Universitari Parc Taulí-UAB, Sabadell, Spain.,Oncology Service, Hospital de Sabadell, Sabadell, Spain
| | - María J Ramírez-Lázaro
- Digestive Diseases Service, Hospital de Sabadell, Sabadell, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institut Universitari Parc Taulí-UAB, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Juan J Lozano
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Bioinformatics Platform, CIBEREHD, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorena García-Martínez
- Fundació Parc Taulí, Spain.,Digestive Diseases Service, Hospital de Sabadell, Sabadell, Spain.,Institut Universitari Parc Taulí-UAB, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Carles Pericay
- Institut Universitari Parc Taulí-UAB, Sabadell, Spain.,Oncology Service, Hospital de Sabadell, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Mireia Miquel
- Digestive Diseases Service, Hospital de Sabadell, Sabadell, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institut Universitari Parc Taulí-UAB, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Félix Junquera
- Digestive Diseases Service, Hospital de Sabadell, Sabadell, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institut Universitari Parc Taulí-UAB, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Rafael Campo
- Digestive Diseases Service, Hospital de Sabadell, Sabadell, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institut Universitari Parc Taulí-UAB, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Xavier Calvet
- Digestive Diseases Service, Hospital de Sabadell, Sabadell, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institut Universitari Parc Taulí-UAB, Sabadell, Spain.,Departament de Medicina, UAB, Sabadell, Spain
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Differential expression levels of plasma microRNA in Hashimoto's disease. Gene 2018; 642:152-158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Park KS, Moon YW, Raffeld M, Lee DH, Wang Y, Giaccone G. High cripto-1 and low miR-205 expression levels as prognostic markers in early stage non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2017; 116:38-45. [PMID: 29413049 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cripto-1 (CR-1) plays a critical role in the activation of SMAD, SRC, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathways and has been shown to be prognostic in several cancer types. In addition, we showed that CR-1 renders EGFR-mutated NSCLC cells resistant to EGFR-TKI through the activation of SRC and EMT via miR-205 downregulation. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between expression of CR-1 and miR-205 and prognosis of NSCLC patients with or without EGFR mutations. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 265 patients with stage I (AJCC 6th edition) radically resected NSCLC were tested for CR-1 expression and EGFR mutations by immunohistochemistry and miR-205 expression via qPCR assay. RESULTS CR-1 expression was evaluated with immunohistochemistry using a tissue microarray on 265 T1-2N0 surgical NSCLC samples. Of the 265 tumors, 250 (94%) expressed various levels of CR-1. A significant inverse correlation was identified between expression of miR-205 and CR-1. NSCLC patients (T1N0, n = 106) with high CR-1 expression had worse prognosis (shorter recurrence-free survival, p = .045) than those with low CR-1 expression. A similar trend was observed in NSCLC patients with normal preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels (serum CEA levels <5 ng/ml; n = 179; p = .085); however, no significant correlation was found between CR-1 expression and survival rate in the T2N0 or high CEA groups. In addition, NSCLC patients with low miR-205 expression (n = 126) had poorer prognosis in terms of recurrence than those with high miR-205 expression (n = 127; p = .001). CONCLUSION High CR-1 expression is correlated with poor prognosis in NSCLC with low tumor burden and may be used to select high-risk patients for adjuvant chemotherapy in early NSCLC. Moreover, low miR-205 expression likely related to high CR-1 expression could be a prognostic marker for patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Seo Park
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC 20057, USA; Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138-736, Republic of Korea; Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Wha Moon
- Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 463-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Mark Raffeld
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dae Ho Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, Republic of Korea
| | - Yisong Wang
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC 20057, USA
| | - Giuseppe Giaccone
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC 20057, USA.
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Elevated Serum miR-7, miR-9, miR-122, and miR-141 Are Noninvasive Biomarkers of Acute Pancreatitis. DISEASE MARKERS 2017; 2017:7293459. [PMID: 29332987 PMCID: PMC5733206 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7293459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background It has been reported that several microRNAs (miRNAs), such as miR-141, miR-9, and miR-122, are involved in the regulation of pancreatitis-related proteins or that their levels change in acute pancreatitis (AP) animal models. However, the serum levels, as well as the clinical diagnostic and prognostic values, of these miRNAs in AP patients remain unclear. Furthermore, as a pancreas- (islet) enriched miRNA, miR-7 was reported to be downregulated in AP patients, which requires further verification. Methods The levels of miR-7, miR-9, miR-122, and miR-141 were examined and compared using qRT-PCR among 80 severe AP patients, 80 mild AP patients, and 74 healthy controls. Results The serum levels of these four miRNAs were increased markedly in the AP patients compared with the controls, and these levels decreased significantly after effective therapy. Particularly, the level of miR-7 was higher in severe AP patients than in mild AP patients. ROC curve analysis demonstrated that four miRNAs could be used as potential biomarkers for AP. Moreover, these miRNAs showed strong positive correlations with CRP, which may be associated with inflammation. Conclusions The serum miR-7, miR-9, miR-122, and miR-141 levels were increased in AP patients. These 4 miRNAs may represent diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for AP.
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Zhan XH, Xu QY, Tian R, Yan H, Zhang M, Wu J, Wang W, He J. MicroRNA16 regulates glioma cell proliferation, apoptosis and invasion by targeting Wip1-ATM-p53 feedback loop. Oncotarget 2017; 8:54788-54798. [PMID: 28903382 PMCID: PMC5589621 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the role and underlying mechanisms of microRNA16 (miR-16) on proliferation, apoptosis and invasion of glioma cells. The cell models of miR-16 upregulation and Negative control group (NC group) were built. The cell functions of different groups were detected by colony formation assay, transwell chamber assay, proliferation, apoptosis and cycle experiments. The intracranial orthotopic transplantation animal models were built to different groups: miR-16 agomir group, miR-16 antagomir group and their NC group. The expressions of miR-16, Wip1, ATM and p53 were measured by qRT-PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry. As a result, miR-16 overexpressed groups had lower cloning formation rate and proliferation rate, less invasive cells, higher early apoptosis rate than the control groups. G1 phase was significantly smaller compared miR-16 overexpressed groups with the control groups, and S phase significantly lesser. Cell growth was retardated. Differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Compared with miR-16 overexpressed groups and NC groups, the Wip1 gene and protein expression were downregulated, while ATM and p53 genes, p-ATM and p-p53 proteins were upregulated. The differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Taken together, our findings demonstrated that miR-16 suppressed glioma cell proliferation and invasion, promoted apoptosis and inhibited cell cycle by targeting Wip1-ATM-p53 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hong Zhan
- 1 School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shangdong Province, P.R. China
- 2 Department of Pathology, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital; Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, Anhui Province, P.R. China
- 3 Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Qiu-Yan Xu
- 2 Department of Pathology, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital; Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Rui Tian
- 2 Department of Pathology, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital; Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Hong Yan
- 2 Department of Pathology, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital; Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- 2 Department of Pathology, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital; Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wu
- 2 Department of Pathology, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital; Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- 4 Department of Medical Oncology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Jie He
- 1 School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shangdong Province, P.R. China
- 2 Department of Pathology, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital; Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, Anhui Province, P.R. China
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Hao NB, He YF, Li XQ, Wang K, Wang RL. The role of miRNA and lncRNA in gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:81572-81582. [PMID: 29113415 PMCID: PMC5655310 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers and has the highest mortality rate worldwide. It is worthwhile to explore the mechanism of gastric cancer progression. An increasing number of studies have found that non-coding RNAs including miRNA and lncRNA play important roles in gastric cancer progression. This review summarized the role of ectopic miRNA in gastric cancer proliferation, growth, migration, invasion and apoptosis. Meantime, aberrantly expressed miRNA also received a great deal of attention as potential biomarker for gastric cancer diagnosis and therapy. Over the last decade, lncRNA was considered to regulate gastric cancer progression at the transcript and post-transcript level. At the transcript level, lncRNA induced gastric cancer progression by changing chromatin modification and mRNA stabilization to regulate mRNA and miRNA expression. Furthermore, lncRNA regulated gastric cancer progression by completely combining with miRNA to produce ceRNA or promote protein stabilization at the post-transcript level. Greater attention of miRNA and lncRNA in gastric cancer can provide new insight of mechanism of cancer development and may be acted as a new anticancer target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Bo Hao
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Fei He
- Intensive Medical Center, 302 Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Wang
- New Era Stoke Care and Research Institute, General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, China
| | - Rui-Ling Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, China
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Dou Z, Lin S, Dai C, Lu Y, Tian T, Wang M, Liu X, Zheng Y, Xu P, Li S, Sheng Q, Deng Y, Dai Z. Pooling-analysis for diagnostic and prognostic value of MiRNA-100 in various cancers. Oncotarget 2017; 8:62703-62715. [PMID: 28977982 PMCID: PMC5617542 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies manifested miRNA-100 was deregulated in various cancers, which indicated that miRNA-100 might be a potential biomarker of cancer diagnosis and prognosis. However, the role of miRNA-100 was still uncertain. We searched for qualified studies using PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane library and CNKI databases. The diagnostic effect was evaluated by the pooled sensitivity, specificity, and other indexes. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for overall survival (OS) were calculated to assess the prognostic value. This meta-analysis included 7 and 19 studies about diagnosis and prognosis, respectively. The results of pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR) and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were 0.75 (95%CI: 0.71-0.78), 0.74 (95%CI: 0.69-0.78), 2.61 (95%CI: 1.81-3.76), 0.33 (95%CI: 0.24-0.45), 8.46 (95%CI: 4.85-14.77), respectively. And, the area under SROC curve (AUC) was 0.8141. We also found that lower expression of miRNA-100 in cancer tissues could significantly predict poorer prognosis in overall cancer (HR = 0.59, 95%CI: 0.39-0.90), especially in genital system tumors (HR = 0.42, 95%CI: 0.27-0.66, P = 0.431), bladder cancer (HR = 0.21, 95%CI: 0.06-0.73, P = 0.143) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (HR = 0.26, 95%CI: 0.13-0.52, P = 0.164). Our studies concluded that miRNA-100 has a certain value in diagnosis and it may indicate a poor prognosis of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Dou
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Shuai Lin
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Cong Dai
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Ye Lu
- Department of Student Affairs, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Xinghan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Shanli Li
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Qianwen Sheng
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Yujiao Deng
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
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Fassan M, Saraggi D, Balsamo L, Realdon S, Scarpa M, Castoro C, Coati I, Salmaso R, Farinati F, Guzzardo V, Arcidiacono D, Munari G, Gasparini P, Veronese N, Luchini C, Valeri N, Rugge M. Early miR-223 Upregulation in Gastroesophageal Carcinogenesis. Am J Clin Pathol 2017; 147:301-308. [PMID: 28395057 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqx004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To test miR-223 upregulation during gastric (intestinal-type) and Barrett esophageal carcinogenesis. METHODS miR-223 expression was assessed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in a series of 280 gastroesophageal biopsy samples representative of the whole spectrum of phenotypic changes involved in both carcinogenetic cascades. The results were further validated by in situ hybridization on multiple tissue specimens obtained from six surgically treated gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas. miR-223 expression was also assessed in plasma samples from 30 patients with early stage (ie, stages I and II) gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma and relative controls. RESULTS In both gastric and esophageal models, miR-223 expression significantly increased along with the severity of the considered lesions (analysis of variance, P < .001). Among atrophic gastritis and long-segment Barrett esophagus samples, miR-223 overexpression was significantly associated with the score of intestinal metaplasia. miR-223 plasma levels were significantly upregulated in patients with cancer compared with controls ( t test, both P < .001). CONCLUSIONS miR-223 early upregulation observed in tissue samples and its diagnostic value in discriminating patients with early adenocarcinoma by plasma testing provide a solid rationale for further exploring the diagnostic reliability of this microRNA as a novel biomarker in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma secondary prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Fassan
- From the Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit
| | - Deborah Saraggi
- From the Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit
| | - Laura Balsamo
- From the Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit
| | | | - Marco Scarpa
- Surgery Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Carlo Castoro
- Surgery Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Irene Coati
- From the Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit
| | - Roberta Salmaso
- From the Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit
| | - Fabio Farinati
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Gastroenterology (DiSCOG), Gastroenterology Unit
| | - Vincenza Guzzardo
- From the Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit
| | - Diletta Arcidiacono
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Gastroenterology (DiSCOG), Gastroenterology Unit
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine
| | - Giada Munari
- From the Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit
| | - Pierluigi Gasparini
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Claudio Luchini
- Surgical Pathology Unit, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Nicola Valeri
- Gastrointestinal Oncology and Lymphoma, Royal Mardsen Hospital, London and Sutton, UK
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, London and Sutton, UK
| | - Massimo Rugge
- From the Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit
- Veneto Tumour Registry, Padua, Italy
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Shigeyasu K, Toden S, Zumwalt TJ, Okugawa Y, Goel A. Emerging Role of MicroRNAs as Liquid Biopsy Biomarkers in Gastrointestinal Cancers. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:2391-2399. [PMID: 28143873 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-1676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer has emerged as a leading cause of mortality worldwide, claiming more than 8 million lives annually. Gastrointestinal cancers account for about 35% of these mortalities. Recent advances in diagnostic and treatment strategies have reduced mortality among patients with gastrointestinal cancer, yet a significant number of patients still develop late-stage cancer, where treatment options are inadequate. Emerging interests in "liquid biopsies" have encouraged investigators to identify and develop clinically relevant noninvasive genomic and epigenomic signatures that can be exploited as biomarkers capable of detecting premalignant and early-stage cancers. In this context, microRNAs (miRNA), which are small, noncoding RNAs that are frequently dysregulated in cancers, have emerged as promising entities for such diagnostic purposes. Even though the future looks promising, current approaches for detecting miRNAs in blood and other biofluids remain inadequate. This review summarizes existing efforts to exploit circulating miRNAs as cancer biomarkers and evaluates their potential and challenges as liquid biopsy-based biomarkers for gastrointestinal cancers. Clin Cancer Res; 23(10); 2391-9. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunitoshi Shigeyasu
- Center for Gastrointestinal Research; Center for Translational Genomics and Oncology, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute and Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor Research Institute and Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Shusuke Toden
- Center for Gastrointestinal Research; Center for Translational Genomics and Oncology, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute and Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor Research Institute and Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Timothy J Zumwalt
- Center for Gastrointestinal Research; Center for Translational Genomics and Oncology, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute and Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor Research Institute and Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Yoshinaga Okugawa
- Center for Gastrointestinal Research; Center for Translational Genomics and Oncology, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute and Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor Research Institute and Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Ajay Goel
- Center for Gastrointestinal Research; Center for Translational Genomics and Oncology, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute and Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor Research Institute and Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.
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Lv S, Xue J, Wu C, Wang L, Wu J, Xu S, Liang X, Lou J. Identification of A Panel of Serum microRNAs as Biomarkers for Early Detection of Lung Adenocarcinoma. J Cancer 2017; 8:48-56. [PMID: 28123597 PMCID: PMC5264039 DOI: 10.7150/jca.16644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Since currently no sensitive and specific biomarkers for early detection of lung adenocarcinoma (AD) exist and the majority of AD patients are diagnosed at late stages of disease, the development of effective screening tests for early-stage lung AD is urgently needed. Serum microRNAs (miRNAs) have been documented as novel noninvasive biomarkers in tumor diagnosis; thus, we studied the profile of serum miRNA in AD patients in order to identify the differentially expressed miRNAs as potential biomarkers for early detection of AD. Patients and Methods: Serum samples were collected from 180 AD patients and 180 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Serum miRNA profiling was performed by low-density array (LDA) using RNA extracted from blood samples of 20 patients and 20 controls. To validate the selected miRNAs, a stem-loop based RT-qPCR assay was used and serum samples from 160 patients and 160 controls were examined. Results: Profiling data showed 11 differentially expressed miRNAs in the serum samples from AD patients compared with the controls. Among them, 6 selected miRNAs in AD patients, including miR-103, miR-146a, miR-151, miR-21, miR-221, miR-222, and miR-223, were validated by RT-qPCR. In particular, the top three, miR-146a, miR-222, and miR-223, were confirmed to be significantly expressed in stage I/II AD patients compared with healthy controls. Conclusion: A panel of miRNAs with miR-146a, miR-222 and miR-223 could be used as potential noninvasive biomarkers for early detection of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaogang Lv
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jian Xue
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Chuanyong Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Shujun Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xiaohui Liang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jiatao Lou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
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Huang Z, Zhang L, Zhu D, Shan X, Zhou X, Qi LW, Wu L, Zhu J, Cheng W, Zhang H, Chen Y, Zhu W, Wang T, Liu P. A novel serum microRNA signature to screen esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Med 2016; 6:109-119. [PMID: 28035762 PMCID: PMC5269712 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been used as promising diagnostic biomarkers for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We performed miRNA expression profiling using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) based Exiqon panels from three ESCC pools and one normal control (NC) pool samples. Using qRT‐PCR, identified serum miRNAs were further confirmed in training (32 ESCC vs. 32 NCs) and testing stages (108 ESCC vs. 96 NCs). Consequently, five serum miRNAs (miR‐20b‐5p, miR‐28‐3p, miR‐192‐5p, miR‐223‐3p, and miR‐296‐5p) were significantly overexpressed in ESCC compared with NCs. The diagnostic value of the 5‐miRNA signature was validated by an external cohort (60 ESCC vs. 60 NCs). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) of the 5‐miRNA signature were 0.753, 0.763, and 0.966 for the training, testing, and the external validation stages, respectively. The expression levels of the miRNAs were also determined in tissues, arterial serum, and exosomes. MiR‐20b‐5p, miR‐28‐3p, and miR‐192‐5p were significantly upregulated in ESCC tissues, while miR‐296‐5p was overexpressed in ESCC serum exosomes. In conclusion, we identified a 5‐miRNA signature in serum for the detection of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebo Huang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Danxia Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Xia Shan
- Department of Respiration, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 168 Gushan Road, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Lian-Wen Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lirong Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, No. 42 Bai Zi Ting, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, No. 42 Bai Zi Ting, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Wenfang Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Huo Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Tongshan Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.,Cancer Center of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.,Cancer Center of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
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42
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MicroRNA 100 sensitizes luminal A breast cancer cells to paclitaxel treatment in part by targeting mTOR. Oncotarget 2016; 7:5702-14. [PMID: 26744318 PMCID: PMC4868715 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Luminal A breast cancer usually responds to hormonal therapies but does not benefit from chemotherapies, including microtubule-targeted paclitaxel. MicroRNAs could play a role in mediating this differential response. In this study, we examined the role of micro RNA 100 (miR-100) in the sensitivity of breast cancer to paclitaxel treatment. We found that while miR-100 was downregulated in both human breast cancer primary tumors and cell lines, the degree of downregulation was greater in the luminal A subtype than in other subtypes. The IC50 of paclitaxel was much higher in luminal A than in basal-like breast cancer cell lines. Ectopic miR-100 expression in the MCF-7 luminal A cell line enhanced the effect of paclitaxel on cell cycle arrest, multinucleation, and apoptosis, while knockdown of miR-100 in the MDA-MB-231 basal-like line compromised these effects. Similarly, overexpression of miR-100 enhanced the effects of paclitaxel on tumorigenesis in MCF-7 cells. Rapamycin-mediated inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a target of miR-100, also sensitized MCF-7 cells to paclitaxel. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that genes that are part of the known paclitaxel-sensitive signature had a significant expression correlation with miR-100 in breast cancer samples. In addition, patients with lower levels of miR-100 expression had worse overall survival. These results suggest that miR-100 plays a causal role in determining the sensitivity of breast cancers to paclitaxel treatment.
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Shao C, Duan C, Wang J, Luan S, Gao Y, Jin D, Wang D, Li Y, Xu L. Expression of microtubule-associated protein TPX2 in human gastric carcinoma and its prognostic significance. Cancer Cell Int 2016; 16:79. [PMID: 27777511 PMCID: PMC5057506 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-016-0357-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The molecular mechanisms underlying the development and progression of gastric carcinoma remain poorly understood. The main objective of this study was to investigate the expression level of targeting protein for Xenopus kinesin-like protein 2 (TPX2) and its clinical significance in human gastric carcinoma. METHODS Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting were used to determine the mRNA and protein levels of TPX2 in 20 paired gastric carcinoma tissues and the adjacent normal tissues, and the expression of TPX2 protein in 106 specimens of a gastric carcinoma tissue microarray was determined by immunohistochemistry. The associations of TPX2 expression with the clinicopathological features were analyzed, and the prognosis of gastric carcinoma patients was evaluated. RESULTS The results showed that the expression of TPX2 mRNA was significantly higher in gastric carcinoma than in the adjacent normal tissues in 20 paired samples. Western blotting analysis revealed that TPX2 protein was differentially increased in 17 of 20 specimens from primary human gastric carcinoma tissues compared with those from adjacent non-tumor tissues. Immunohistochemical staining showed that TPX2 over-expression was significantly associated with advanced age (P = 0.001) and tumor T stage (P = 0.003). In addition, TPX2 was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) in the multivariate analysis [hazard ratio (HR) 0.001; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 2.626-7.198; P = 0.001]. CONCLUSIONS TPX2 is up-regulated in gastric carcinoma and is associated with old age and tumor T stage. TPX2 may serve as a good prognostic indicator in patients with gastric carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuijie Shao
- Department of Pain, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, 256600 China
| | - Changsheng Duan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, 256600 China
| | - Jiani Wang
- Breast Cancer Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shunlian Luan
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, 256600 China
| | - Yong Gao
- Department of Pain, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, 256600 China
| | - Dan Jin
- Department of Pain, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, 256600 China
| | - Deqiang Wang
- Department of Pain, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, 256600 China
| | - Yuming Li
- Department of Pain, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, 256600 China
| | - Lihua Xu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 1 Kangda Road, Guangzhou, 510230 China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
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44
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Lou N, Ruan AM, Qiu B, Bao L, Xu YC, Zhao Y, Sun RL, Zhang ST, Xu GH, Ruan HL, Yuan CF, Han WW, Shi HC, Yang HM, Zhang XP. miR-144-3p as a novel plasma diagnostic biomarker for clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Urol Oncol 2016; 35:36.e7-36.e14. [PMID: 27633984 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most frequent and lethal subtype of renal cell carcinoma, whose most effective measure of curing remains diagnosis and nephrectomy in its early phase. However, there is no feasible and recognized plasma biomarker for the clinical diagnosis of ccRCC. The objective of this study is to identify a novel plasma microRNA (miRNA) acting as an efficient diagnostic plasma biomarker in ccRCC. METHODS AND MATERIALS The plasma miRNA expression profile was quantified by miRNA microarray. Validation of miRNA levels of plasmas and tissues were performed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in 106 ccRCC, 28 renal angiomyolipomas (AML), and 123 healthy control plasmas and in 110 ccRCC tissues. RESULTS We found that plasma miR-144-3p levels in 106 ccRCC plasmas were remarkably up-regulated compared with that in healthy individuals and in patients with AML. miR-144-3p served as a promising plasma biomarker for yielding an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.91 with 87.10% sensitivity and 83.02% specificity in discriminating ccRCC from healthy individuals, and an area under the curve of 0.82 with 75.00% sensitivity and 71.70% specificity in discriminating ccRCC from patients with AML. In addition, plasma miR-144-3p levels were significantly decreased after surgery in 106 patients with ccRCC. Next, we examined miR-144-3p levels in 110 human ccRCC tissues, and found that miR-144-3p levels in ccRCC tissues were increased compared with adjacent normal tissues. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that miR-144-3p levels in tumor tissues were positively correlated with preoperative plasma miR-144-3p levels in the matched samples from patients with ccRCC. In addition, the miR-144-3p levels in ccRCC plasmas and tissues were increased in patients with advanced pT stage. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that miR-144-3p, which is significantly up-regulated in ccRCC plasmas and tissues, particularly with advanced pT stage, is a novel and excellent plasma biomarker for the diagnosis of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Lou
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - An-Ming Ruan
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Bin Qiu
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Lin Bao
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yu-Chen Xu
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 HangKong Road, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ru-Lin Sun
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 HangKong Road, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - San-Tao Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 HangKong Road, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Guang-Hua Xu
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hai-Long Ruan
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Chang-Fei Yuan
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Wei-Wei Han
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hang-Chuan Shi
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hong-Mei Yang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 HangKong Road, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Zhang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China.
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Abstract
Since their first discovery in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, miR-15a and miR-16 have been reported to act as tumor suppressors or potential oncomiRs in different types of cancer. This review summarizes the history, biological properties and the important functions of these two miRNAs in cancer. It also introduces their roles as regulators of immune responses and angiogenesis, endogenous controls as well as potential targets and hallmarks of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enyu Huang
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Ronghua Liu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiwei Chu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,Biotherapy Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
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46
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Larrea E, Sole C, Manterola L, Goicoechea I, Armesto M, Arestin M, Caffarel MM, Araujo AM, Araiz M, Fernandez-Mercado M, Lawrie CH. New Concepts in Cancer Biomarkers: Circulating miRNAs in Liquid Biopsies. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17050627. [PMID: 27128908 PMCID: PMC4881453 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17050627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The effective and efficient management of cancer patients relies upon early diagnosis and/or the monitoring of treatment, something that is often difficult to achieve using standard tissue biopsy techniques. Biological fluids such as blood hold great possibilities as a source of non-invasive cancer biomarkers that can act as surrogate markers to biopsy-based sampling. The non-invasive nature of these “liquid biopsies” ultimately means that cancer detection may be earlier and that the ability to monitor disease progression and/or treatment response represents a paradigm shift in the treatment of cancer patients. Below, we review one of the most promising classes of circulating cancer biomarkers: microRNAs (miRNAs). In particular, we will consider their history, the controversy surrounding their origin and biology, and, most importantly, the hurdles that remain to be overcome if they are really to become part of future clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Larrea
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Carla Sole
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Lorea Manterola
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Ibai Goicoechea
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - María Armesto
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - María Arestin
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - María M Caffarel
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Angela M Araujo
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - María Araiz
- Hematology Department, Donostia Hospital, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | | | - Charles H Lawrie
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
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47
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Han J, Zhao F, Zhang J, Zhu H, Ma H, Li X, Peng L, Sun J, Chen Z. miR-223 reverses the resistance of EGFR-TKIs through IGF1R/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Int J Oncol 2016; 48:1855-67. [PMID: 26936292 PMCID: PMC4809653 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquired resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as gefitinib and erlotinib, is a critical issue for the treatment of EGFR mutant-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Recent evidence supports the role of microRNA-223 (miR-223) in modulating chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity, but its role in the resistance to EGFR-TKIs in NSCLC remains unclear. To this end, we investigated the involvement of miR-223 in erlotinib resistance, using two pairs of TKI-sensitive or resistant cell lines, PC9 vs PC9/ER, and HCC827 vs HCC827/ER, as well as PC9/CD133+, which are lung cancer stem-like cells derived from PC9 cells. Downregulation of miR-223 expression in PC9/ER and PC9/CD133+ cells was detected, and the reverse correlation of miR-233 and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) in these cells was also revealed. Next, levels of IGF1R mRNA and p-Akt were significantly reduced in miR-223 stably transfected PC9/ER and PC9/CD133+ cells. However, the sensitivity of PC9/ER and PC9/CD133+ cells to erlotinib was partially restored, after overexpression of miR-223 in those cells. Similar results were also observed in vivo. Furthermore, miR-223-mediated inhibition of the IGF1R/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway may have been reversed by the agonist of IGF1R in miR-223 transfected cells. Our findings indicated that downregulation of miR-223, which can induce activation of the IGF1R/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway in PC9/ER and PC9/CD133+ cells, may be responsible for the resistance of PC9/ER and PC9/CD133+ cells to erlotinib, suggesting that miR-223 is a potential therapeutic target for overcoming EGFR-TKIs resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Han
- Cancer Institute of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Fengyi Zhao
- Cancer Institute of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Oncology, 401 Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Haizhen Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Hu Ma
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Xuetao Li
- Cancer Institute of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Lina Peng
- Cancer Institute of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Jianguo Sun
- Cancer Institute of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Zhengtang Chen
- Cancer Institute of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
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Kalniņa Z, Meistere I, Kikuste I, Tolmanis I, Zayakin P, Linē A. Emerging blood-based biomarkers for detection of gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:11636-11653. [PMID: 26556992 PMCID: PMC4631966 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i41.11636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Early detection and efficient monitoring of tumor dynamics are prerequisites for reducing disease burden and mortality, and for improving the management of patients with gastric cancer (GC). Blood-based biomarker assays for the detection of early-stage GC could be of great relevance both for population-wide or risk group-based screening programs, while circulating biomarkers that reflect the genetic make-up and dynamics of the tumor would allow monitoring of treatment efficacy, predict recurrences and assess the genetic heterogeneity of the tumor. Recent research to identify blood-based biomarkers of GC has resulted in the identification of a wide variety of cancer-associated molecules, including various proteins, autoantibodies against tumor associated antigens, cell-free DNA fragments, mRNAs and various non-coding RNAs, circulating tumor cells and cancer-derived extracellular vesicles. Each type of these biomarkers provides different information on the disease status, has different advantages and disadvantages, and distinct clinical usefulness. In the current review, we summarize the recent developments in blood-based GC biomarker discovery, discuss the origin of various types of biomarkers and their clinical usefulness and the technological challenges in the development of biomarker assays for clinical use.
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49
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Yang Q, Zhang RW, Sui PC, He HT, Ding L. Dysregulation of non-coding RNAs in gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:10956-10981. [PMID: 26494954 PMCID: PMC4607897 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i39.10956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers in the world and a significant threat to the health of patients, especially those from China and Japan. The prognosis for patients with late stage GC receiving the standard of care treatment, including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, remains poor. Developing novel treatment strategies, identifying new molecules for targeted therapy, and devising screening techniques to detect this cancer in its early stages are needed for GC patients. The discovery of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), primarily microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), helped to elucidate the mechanisms of tumorigenesis, diagnosis and treatment of GC. Recently, significant research has been conducted on non-coding RNAs and how the regulatory dysfunction of these RNAs impacts the tumorigenesis of GC. In this study, we review papers published in the last five years concerning the dysregulation of non-coding RNAs, especially miRNAs and lncRNAs, in GC. We summarize instances of aberrant expression of the ncRNAs in GC and their effect on survival-related events, including cell cycle regulation, AKT signaling, apoptosis and drug resistance. Additionally, we evaluate how ncRNA dysregulation affects the metastatic process, including the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, stem cells, transcription factor activity, and oncogene and tumor suppressor expression. Lastly, we determine how ncRNAs affect angiogenesis in the microenvironment of GC. We further discuss the use of ncRNAs as potential biomarkers for use in clinical screening, early diagnosis and prognosis of GC. At present, no ideal ncRNAs have been identified as targets for the treatment of GC.
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50
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Hudler P. Challenges of deciphering gastric cancer heterogeneity. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:10510-10527. [PMID: 26457012 PMCID: PMC4588074 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i37.10510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is in decline in most developed countries; however, it still accounts for a notable fraction of global mortality and morbidity related to cancer. High-throughput methods are rapidly changing our view and understanding of the molecular basis of gastric carcinogenesis. Today, it is widely accepted that the molecular complexity and heterogeneity, both inter- and intra-tumour, of gastric adenocarcinomas present significant obstacles in elucidating specific biomarkers for early detection of the disease. Although genome-wide sequencing and gene expression studies have revealed the intricate nature of the molecular changes that occur in tumour landscapes, the collected data and results are complex and sometimes contradictory. Several aberrant molecules have already been tested in clinical trials, although their diagnostic and prognostic utilities have not been confirmed thus far. The gold standard for the detection of sporadic gastric cancer is still the gastric endoscopy, which is considered invasive. In addition, genome-wide association studies have confirmed that genetic variations are important contributors to increased cancer risk and could participate in the initiation of malignant transformation. This hypothesis could in part explain the late onset of sporadic gastric cancers. The elaborate interplay of polymorphic low penetrance genes and lifestyle and environmental risk factors requires additional research to decipher their relative impacts on tumorigenesis. The purpose of this article is to present details of the molecular heterogeneity of sporadic gastric cancers at the DNA, RNA, and proteome levels and to discuss issues relevant to the translation of basic research data to clinically valuable tools. The focus of this work is the identification of relevant molecular changes that could be detected non-invasively.
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