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Lu XA, He T, Han Z, Ding Y, Zhao L, Liu G, De Smet F, Huang X, Chen D, Qi F, Zhao X. Production of lentiviral vectors in suspension cells using low proportion of supercoiled circular plasmid DNA. Cytotechnology 2020; 72:10.1007/s10616-020-00433-4. [PMID: 33123933 PMCID: PMC7695760 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-020-00433-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The supercoiled circular (SC) topology form of plasmid DNA has been regarded to be advantageous over open circular or linearized analogue in transfection and expression efficiency, and therefore are largely demanded in the biopharmaceutical manufacturing. However, production of high-purity SC plasmid DNA would result in high manufacturing cost. The effect of SC proportion in plasmid DNA on the quality of packaged lentiviral vectors has never been reported. In this study, we established an efficient system for production of high-titer lentiviral vectors using suspension HEK293SF cells in serum-free media, and the lentiviral titer was not associated with the proportion of SC plasmid DNA. Plasmids DNA with different proportion of SC, open-circular, and linearized forms were prepared using the thermal denaturation method, and were transfected to adherent HEK293T or suspension HEK293SF cells for packaging of lentiviral vectors. The titer of lentiviral vectors from HEK293T cells, but not from HEK293SF cells, was significantly impaired when the proportion of SC plasmid DNA decreased from 60-80% to 30-40%. Further decrease of SC plasmid proportion to 3% led to a dramatic reduction of lentiviral titer no matter the packaging cell line was. However, lentiviral vectors from HEK293SF cells still showed a high titer even when the proportion of SC plasmid DNA was 3%. This study demonstrated that extremely high proportion of SC plasmid DNA was not required for packaging of high-titer lentiviral vector in HEK293SF cells, at least under our manufacturing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-An Lu
- Immunochina Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, 100089, Beijing, China
| | - Ting He
- Immunochina Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, 100089, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihai Han
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, 100048, Beijing, China
| | - Yanping Ding
- Immunochina Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, 100089, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Immunochina Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, 100089, Beijing, China
| | - Guanghua Liu
- Immunochina Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, 100089, Beijing, China
| | - Floris De Smet
- Sartorius Stedim North America Inc., 565 Johnson Avenue, Bohemia, New York, 11716, USA
| | - Xiaojun Huang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, No. 11 South Street of Xizhimen, Xicheng District, 100044, Beijing, China
| | - Danqing Chen
- Immunochina Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, 100089, Beijing, China
| | - Feifei Qi
- Immunochina Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, 100089, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiangyu Zhao
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, No. 11 South Street of Xizhimen, Xicheng District, 100044, Beijing, China.
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Arginine homopeptides for plasmid DNA purification using monolithic supports. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1087-1088:149-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Alves RF, Favaro MT, Balbino TA, de Toledo MA, de la Torre LG, Azzoni AR. Recombinant protein-based nanocarriers and their association with cationic liposomes: Characterization and in vitro evaluation. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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4
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Martins L, Pedro A, Oppolzer D, Sousa F, Queiroz J, Passarinha L. Enhanced biosynthesis of plasmid DNA from Escherichia coli VH33 using Box–Behnken design associated to aromatic amino acids pathway. Biochem Eng J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Favaro MTP, de Toledo MAS, Alves RF, Santos CA, Beloti LL, Janissen R, de la Torre LG, Souza AP, Azzoni AR. Development of a non-viral gene delivery vector based on the dynein light chain Rp3 and the TAT peptide. J Biotechnol 2014; 173:10-8. [PMID: 24417903 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy and DNA vaccination trials are limited by the lack of gene delivery vectors that combine efficiency and safety. Hence, the development of modular recombinant proteins able to mimic mechanisms used by viruses for intracellular trafficking and nuclear delivery is an important strategy. We designed a modular protein (named T-Rp3) composed of the recombinant human dynein light chain Rp3 fused to an N-terminal DNA-binding domain and a C-terminal membrane active peptide, TAT. The T-Rp3 protein was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli and interacted with the dynein intermediate chain in vitro. It was also proven to efficiently interact and condense plasmid DNA, forming a stable, small (∼100nm) and positively charged (+28.6mV) complex. Transfection of HeLa cells using T-Rp3 revealed that the vector is highly dependent on microtubule polarization, being 400 times more efficient than protamine, and only 13 times less efficient than Lipofectamine 2000™, but with a lower cytotoxicity. Confocal laser scanning microcopy studies revealed perinuclear accumulation of the vector, most likely as a result of transport via microtubules. This study contributes to the development of more efficient and less cytotoxic proteins for non-viral gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T P Favaro
- Laboratório de Análise Genética e Molecular, Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - M A S de Toledo
- Laboratório de Análise Genética e Molecular, Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - R F Alves
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Escola Politécnica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - C A Santos
- Laboratório de Análise Genética e Molecular, Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - L L Beloti
- Laboratório de Análise Genética e Molecular, Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - R Janissen
- Instituto de Física Aplicada "Gleb Wataghin", Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - L G de la Torre
- Faculdade de Engenharia Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - A P Souza
- Laboratório de Análise Genética e Molecular, Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - A R Azzoni
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Escola Politécnica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Caramelo-Nunes C, Almeida P, Marcos J, Tomaz C. Aromatic ligands for plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid chromatographic analysis and purification: An overview. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1327:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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7
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Toledo MAS, Favaro MTP, Alves RF, Santos CA, Beloti LL, Crucello A, Santiago AS, Mendes JS, Horta MAC, Aparicio R, Souza AP, Azzoni AR. Characterization of the human dynein light chain Rp3 and its use as a non-viral gene delivery vector. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 98:3591-602. [PMID: 24077724 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5239-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Dynein light chains mediate the interaction between the cargo and the dynein motor complex during retrograde microtubule-mediated transport in eukaryotic cells. In this study, we expressed and characterized the recombinant human dynein light chain Rp3 and developed a modified variant harboring an N-terminal DNA-binding domain (Rp3-Db). Our approach aimed to explore the retrograde cell machinery based on dynein to enhance plasmid DNA (pDNA) traffic along the cytosol toward the nucleus. In the context of non-viral gene delivery, Rp3-Db is expected to simultaneously interact with DNA and dynein, thereby enabling a more rapid and efficient transport of the genetic material across the cytoplasm. We successfully purified recombinant Rp3 and obtained a low-resolution structural model using small-angle X-ray scattering. Additionally, we observed that Rp3 is a homodimer under reducing conditions and remains stable over a broad pH range. The ability of Rp3 to interact with the dynein intermediate chain in vitro was also observed, indicating that the recombinant Rp3 is correctly folded and functional. Finally, Rp3-Db was successfully expressed and purified and exhibited the ability to interact with pDNA and mediate the transfection of cultured HeLa cells. Rp3-Db was also capable of interacting in vitro with dynein intermediate chains, indicating that the addition of the N-terminal DNA-binding domain does not compromise its function. The transfection level observed for Rp3-Db is far superior than that reported for protamine and is comparable to that of the cationic lipid Lipofectamine™. This report presents an initial characterization of a non-viral delivery vector based on the dynein light chain Rp3 and demonstrates the potential use of modified human light chains as gene delivery vectors.
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Basak S, Jiang R. Enhancing E. coli tolerance towards oxidative stress via engineering its global regulator cAMP receptor protein (CRP). PLoS One 2012; 7:e51179. [PMID: 23251448 PMCID: PMC3522674 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative damage to microbial hosts often occurs under stressful conditions during bioprocessing. Classical strain engineering approaches are usually both time-consuming and labor intensive. Here, we aim to improve E. coli performance under oxidative stress via engineering its global regulator cAMP receptor protein (CRP), which can directly or indirectly regulate redox-sensing regulators SoxR and OxyR, and other ~400 genes in E. coli. Error-prone PCR technique was employed to introduce modifications to CRP, and three mutants (OM1~OM3) were identified with improved tolerance via H(2)O(2) enrichment selection. The best mutant OM3 could grow in 12 mM H(2)O(2) with the growth rate of 0.6 h(-1), whereas the growth of wild type was completely inhibited at this H(2)O(2) concentration. OM3 also elicited enhanced thermotolerance at 48°C as well as resistance against cumene hydroperoxide. The investigation about intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which determines cell viability, indicated that the accumulation of ROS in OM3 was always lower than in WT with or without H(2)O(2) treatment. Genome-wide DNA microarray analysis has shown not only CRP-regulated genes have demonstrated great transcriptional level changes (up to 8.9-fold), but also RpoS- and OxyR-regulated genes (up to 7.7-fold). qRT-PCR data and enzyme activity assay suggested that catalase (katE) could be a major antioxidant enzyme in OM3 instead of alkyl hydroperoxide reductase or superoxide dismutase. To our knowledge, this is the first work on improving E. coli oxidative stress resistance by reframing its transcription machinery through its native global regulator. The positive outcome of this approach may suggest that engineering CRP can be successfully implemented as an efficient strain engineering alternative for E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Basak
- School of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rongrong Jiang
- School of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail:
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Sousa Â, Sousa F, Queiroz JA. Advances in chromatographic supports for pharmaceutical-grade plasmid DNA purification. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:3046-58. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Revised: 05/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ângela Sousa
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde; Universidade da Beira Interior; Covilhã Portugal
| | - Fani Sousa
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde; Universidade da Beira Interior; Covilhã Portugal
| | - João A. Queiroz
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde; Universidade da Beira Interior; Covilhã Portugal
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Rogacs A, Qu Y, Santiago JG. Bacterial RNA Extraction and Purification from Whole Human Blood Using Isotachophoresis. Anal Chem 2012; 84:5858-63. [DOI: 10.1021/ac301021d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Rogacs
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305
| | - Yatian Qu
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305
| | - Juan G. Santiago
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305
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Silva F, Queiroz JA, Domingues FC. Evaluating metabolic stress and plasmid stability in plasmid DNA production by Escherichia coli. Biotechnol Adv 2012; 30:691-708. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Revised: 12/01/2011] [Accepted: 12/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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12
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Toledo MA, Janissen R, Favaro MT, Cotta MA, Monteiro GA, Prazeres DMF, Souza AP, Azzoni AR. Development of a recombinant fusion protein based on the dynein light chain LC8 for non-viral gene delivery. J Control Release 2012; 159:222-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Revised: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Rapti K, Chaanine AH, Hajjar RJ. Targeted gene therapy for the treatment of heart failure. Can J Cardiol 2011; 27:265-83. [PMID: 21601767 PMCID: PMC5902317 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2011.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2010] [Revised: 02/10/2011] [Accepted: 02/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic heart failure is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in Western countries and is a major financial burden to the health care system. Pharmacologic treatment and implanting devices are the predominant therapeutic approaches. They improve survival and have offered significant improvement in patient quality of life, but they fall short of producing an authentic remedy. Cardiac gene therapy, the introduction of genetic material to the heart, offers great promise in filling this void. In-depth knowledge of the underlying mechanisms of heart failure is, obviously, a prerequisite to achieve this aim. Extensive research in the past decades, supported by numerous methodological breakthroughs, such as transgenic animal model development, has led to a better understanding of the cardiovascular diseases and, inadvertently, to the identification of several candidate genes. Of the genes that can be targeted for gene transfer, calcium cycling proteins are prominent, as abnormalities in calcium handling are key determinants of heart failure. A major impediment, however, has been the development of a safe, yet efficient, delivery system. Nonviral vectors have been used extensively in clinical trials, but they fail to produce significant gene expression. Viral vectors, especially adenoviral, on the other hand, can produce high levels of expression, at the expense of safety. Adeno-associated viral vectors have emerged in recent years as promising myocardial gene delivery vehicles. They can sustain gene expression at a therapeutic level and maintain it over extended periods of time, even for years, and, most important, without a safety risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kleopatra Rapti
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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Buzder T, Yin X, Wang X, Banfalvi G, Basnakian AG. Uptake of foreign nucleic acids in kidney tubular epithelial cells deficient in proapoptotic endonucleases. DNA Cell Biol 2009; 28:435-42. [PMID: 19558214 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2008.0850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Degradation of DNA during gene delivery is an obstacle for gene transfer and for gene therapy. DNases play a major role in degrading foreign DNA. However, which of the DNases are involved and whether their inactivation can improve gene delivery have not been studied. We have recently identified deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) and endonuclease G (EndoG) as the major degradative enzymes in the mouse kidney proximal tubule epithelial (TKPTS) cells. In this study, we used immortalized mouse TKPTS cells and primary tubular epithelial cells isolated from DNase I or EndoG knockout (KO) mice and examined the degradation of plasmid DNA during its uptake. DNase I and EndoG KO cells showed a higher rate of transfection by pECFP-N1 plasmid than wild-type cells. In addition, EndoG KO cells prevented the uptake of fluorescent-labeled RNA. Complete inhibition of secreted DNase I by G-actin did not improve plasmid transfection, indicating that only intracellular DNase I affects DNA stability. Data demonstrate the importance of DNase I and EndoG in host cell defense against gene and RNA delivery to renal tubular epithelial cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timea Buzder
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
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