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Méndez-Líter JA, de Eugenio LI, Nieto-Domínguez M, Prieto A, Martínez MJ. Hemicellulases from Penicillium and Talaromyces for lignocellulosic biomass valorization: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 324:124623. [PMID: 33434871 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The term hemicellulose groups different polysaccharides with heterogeneous structures, mannans, xyloglucans, mixed-linkage β-glucans and xylans, which differ in their backbone and branches, and in the type and distribution of glycosidic linkages. The enzymatic degradation of these complex polymers requires the concerted action of multiple hemicellulases and auxiliary enzymes. Most commercial enzymes are produced by Trichoderma and Aspergillus species, but recent studies have disclosed Penicillium and Talaromyces as promising sources of hemicellulases. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the hemicellulolytic system of these genera, and the role of hemicellulases in the disruption and synthesis of glycosidic bonds. In both cases, the enzymes from Penicillium and Talaromyces represent an interesting alternative for valorization of lignocellulosic biomass in the current framework of circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A Méndez-Líter
- Biotechnology for Lignocellulosic Biomass Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB-CSIC), c/ Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura I de Eugenio
- Biotechnology for Lignocellulosic Biomass Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB-CSIC), c/ Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Nieto-Domínguez
- Biotechnology for Lignocellulosic Biomass Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB-CSIC), c/ Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Prieto
- Biotechnology for Lignocellulosic Biomass Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB-CSIC), c/ Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Jesús Martínez
- Biotechnology for Lignocellulosic Biomass Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB-CSIC), c/ Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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2
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Cintra LC, da Costa IC, de Oliveira ICM, Fernandes AG, Faria SP, Jesuíno RSA, Ravanal MC, Eyzaguirre J, Ramos LP, de Faria FP, Ulhoa CJ. The boosting effect of recombinant hemicellulases on the enzymatic hydrolysis of steam-treated sugarcane bagasse. Enzyme Microb Technol 2019; 133:109447. [PMID: 31874680 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2019.109447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
To increase the efficiency of enzyme cocktails in deconstructing cellulose and hemicelluloses present in the plant cell wall, a combination of enzymes with complementary activities is required. Xylan is the main hemicellulose component of energy crops and for its complete hydrolysis a system consisting of several enzymes acting cooperatively, including endoxylanases (XYN), β-xylosidases (XYL) and α-l-arabinofuranosidases (ABF) is necessary. The current work aimed at evaluating the effect of recombinant hemicellulolytic enzymes on the enzymatic hydrolysis of steam-exploded sugarcane bagasse (SEB). One recombinant endoxylanase (HXYN2) and one recombinant β-xylosidase (HXYLA) from Humicola grisea var thermoidea, together with an α-l-arabinofuranosidase (AFB3) from Penicillium pupurogenum, all produced in Pichia pastoris, were used to formulate an efficient enzyme mixture for SEB hydrolysis using a 23 Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD). The most potent enzyme for SEB hydrolysis was ABF3. Subsequently, the optimal enzyme mixture was used in combination with commercial cellulases (Accellerase 1500), either simultaneously or in sequential experiments. The supplementation of Accellerase 1500 with hemicellulases enhanced the glucose yield from SEB hydrolysis by 14.6%, but this effect could be raised to 50% when hemicellulases were added prior to hydrolysis with commercial cellulases. These results were supported by scanning electron microscopy, which revealed the effect of enzymatic hydrolysis on SEB fibers. Our results show the potential of complementary enzyme activities to improve enzymatic hydrolysis of SEB, thus improving the efficiency of the hydrolytic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Cardoso Cintra
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil; School of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Izadora Cristina Moreira de Oliveira
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Amanda Gregorim Fernandes
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Syd Pereira Faria
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Cristina Ravanal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Andrés Bello University, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos (ICYTAL), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Jaime Eyzaguirre
- Department of Biological Sciences, Andrés Bello University, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luiz Pereira Ramos
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Fabrícia Paula de Faria
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Cirano José Ulhoa
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
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Laothanachareon T, Bunterngsook B, Suwannarangsee S, Eurwilaichitr L, Champreda V. Synergistic action of recombinant accessory hemicellulolytic and pectinolytic enzymes to Trichoderma reesei cellulase on rice straw degradation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 198:682-690. [PMID: 26433794 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Synergism between core cellulases and accessory hydrolytic/non-hydrolytic enzymes is the basis of efficient hydrolysis of lignocelluloses. In this study, the synergistic action of three recombinant accessory enzymes, namely GH62 α-l-arabinofuranosidase (ARA), CE8 pectin esterase (PET), and GH10 endo-1,4-beta-xylanase (XYL) from Aspergillus aculeatus expressed in Pichia pastoris to a commercial Trichoderma reesei cellulase (Accellerase® 1500; ACR) on hydrolysis of alkaline pretreated rice straw was studied using a mixture design approach. Applying the full cubic model, the optimal ratio of quaternary enzyme mixture was predicted to be ACR:ARA:PET:XYL of 0.171:0.079:0.100:0.150, which showed a glucose releasing efficiency of 0.173 gglc/FPU, higher than the binary ACR:XYL mixture (0.122 gglc/FPU) and ACR alone (0.081 gglc/FPU) leading to a 47.3% increase in glucose yield compared with that from ACR at the same cellulase dosage. The result demonstrates the varying degree of synergism of accessory enzymes to cellulases useful for developing tailor-made enzyme systems for bio-industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanaporn Laothanachareon
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory and Integrative Biorefinery Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, 113 Pahonyothin Road, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Benjarat Bunterngsook
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory and Integrative Biorefinery Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, 113 Pahonyothin Road, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Surisa Suwannarangsee
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory and Integrative Biorefinery Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, 113 Pahonyothin Road, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Lily Eurwilaichitr
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory and Integrative Biorefinery Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, 113 Pahonyothin Road, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Verawat Champreda
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory and Integrative Biorefinery Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, 113 Pahonyothin Road, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
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Lee DS, Wi SG, Lee SJ, Lee YG, Kim YS, Bae HJ. Rapid saccharification for production of cellulosic biofuels. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 158:239-47. [PMID: 24607460 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The economical production of biofuels is hindered by the recalcitrance of lignocellulose to processing, causing high consumption of processing enzymes and impeding hydrolysis of pretreated lignocellulosic biomass. We determined the major rate-limiting factor in the hydrolysis of popping pre-treated rice straw (PPRS) by examining cellulase adsorption to lignin and cellulose, amorphogenesis of PPRS, and re-hydrolysis. Based on the results, equivalence between enzyme loading and the open structural area of cellulose was required to significantly increase productive adsorption of cellulase and to accelerate enzymatic saccharification of PPRS. Amorphogenesis of PPRS by phosphoric acid treatment to expand open structural area of the cellulose fibers resulted in twofold higher cellulase adsorption and increased the yield of the first re-hydrolysis step from 13% to 46%. The total yield from PPRS was increased to 84% after 3h. These results provide evidence that cellulose structure is one of major effects on the enzymatic hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Seok Lee
- Bio-energy Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Gon Wi
- Bio-energy Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Bio-energy Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Gyo Lee
- Department of Forest Products and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong-Suk Kim
- Department of Forest Products, Kookmin University, Seoul 136-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeun-Jong Bae
- Bio-energy Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea; Department of Forest Products and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea; Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Giacobbe S, Vincent F, Faraco V. Development of an improved variant of GH51 α-l-arabinofuranosidase from Pleurotus ostreatus by directed evolution. N Biotechnol 2014; 31:230-6. [PMID: 24565609 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Revised: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the α-l-arabinofuranosidase from Pleurotus ostreatus was subjected to directed evolution by expressing a library of around 7000 randomly mutated variants by error prone Polymerase Chain Reaction. High-throughput screening of the library for the most active variants was performed by assaying activity towards p-nitrophenyl α-l-arabinofuranoside, and a variant with higher activity than the wild type was selected, purified and characterised. It exhibited a kcat of 7.3 ×1 0¹ ± 0.3 min⁻¹, around 3-fold higher than that of the wild type (2.2 × 10³ ± 0.2 min⁻¹), and a KM (0.54 ± 0.0 6mM) 30% lower than that of the wild type (0.70 ± 0.05 mM) towards this substrate. The mutant also showed improved catalytic properties towards pNP-β-d-glucopyranoside (kcat of 50.85 ± 0.21 min⁻¹ versus 11.0 ± 0.6 min⁻¹) and it was shown able to hydrolyse larch arabinogalactan which is not recognised by the wild type. The mutant was also more active than the wild type towards arabinoxylan and was able to hydrolyse arabinan, which was not transformed by the wild type. The ability of rPoAbf F435Y/Y446F to hydrolyse these insoluble substrates expands its potential for application also to hemicelluloses, which in some types of pretreatment are recovered in solid fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Giacobbe
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, via Cintia, 4 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Florence Vincent
- CNRS, UMR7257, Aix-Marseille Universite, 163 Avenue de Luminy, Case 932, 13288 Marseille cedex 09, France
| | - Vincenza Faraco
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, via Cintia, 4 80126 Naples, Italy.
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Motif-guided identification of a glycoside hydrolase family 1 α-L-arabinofuranosidase in Bifidobacterium adolescentis. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2013; 77:1709-14. [PMID: 23924734 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.130279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Members of glycoside hydrolase family 1 (GH1) cleave glycosidic linkages with a variety of physiological roles. Here we report a unique GH1 member encoded in the genome of Bifidobacterium adolescentis ATCC 15703. This enzyme, BAD0156, was identified from over 2,000 GH1 sequences accumulated in a database by a genome mining approach based on a motif sequence. A recombinant BAD0156 protein was characterized to confirm that this enzyme alone specifically hydrolyzes p-nitrophenyl-α-L-arabinofuranoside among the 24 p-nitrophenyl-glycosides examined. Among natural glycosides, α-1,5-linked arabino-oligosaccharides served as substrates, but arabinan, debranched arabinan, arabinoxylan, and arabinogalactan did not. A time course analysis of arabino-oligosaccharide hydrolysis indicated that BAD0156 is an exo-acting enzyme. These results suggest that BAD0156 is an α-L-arabinofuranosidase. This is the first report of a GH1 enzyme that acts specifically on arabinosides, providing information on GH1 substrate specificity.
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Heterologous expression of endo-1,4-β-xylanase A from Schizophyllum commune in Pichia pastoris and functional characterization of the recombinant enzyme. Enzyme Microb Technol 2013; 52:170-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2012.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2012] [Revised: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Lee DS, Lee KH, Jung S, Jo EJ, Han KH, Bae HJ. Synergistic effects of 2A-mediated polyproteins on the production of lignocellulose degradation enzymes in tobacco plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2012; 63:4797-810. [PMID: 22798663 PMCID: PMC3427999 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ers159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Cost-effective bioethanol production requires a supply of various low-cost enzymes that can hydrolyse lignocellulosic materials consisting of multiple polymers. Because plant-based enzyme expression systems offer low-cost and large-scale production, this study simultaneously expressed β-glucosidase (BglB), xylanase (XylII), exoglucanase (E3), and endoglucanase (Cel5A) in tobacco plants, which were individually fused with chloroplast-targeting transit peptides and linked via the 2A self-cleaving oligopeptideex from foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) as follows: [RsBglB-2A-RaCel5A], [RsXylII-2A-RaCel5A], and [RsE3-2A-RaCel5A]. The enzymes were targeted to chloroplasts in tobacco cells and their activities were confirmed. Similarly to the results of a transient assay using Arabidopsis thaliana protoplasts, when XylII was placed upstream of the 2A sequence, the [RsXylII-2A-RaCel5A] transgenic tobacco plant had a more positive influence on expression of the protein placed downstream. The [RsBglB-2A-RaCel5A] and [RsE3-2A-RaCel5A] transgenic lines displayed higher activities towards carboxylmethylcellulose (CMC) compared to those in the [RsXylII-2A-RaCel5A] transgenic line. This higher activity was attributable to the synergistic effects of the different cellulases used. The [RsBglB-2A-RaCel5A] lines exhibited greater efficiency (35-74% increase) of CMC hydrolysis when the exoglucanase CBHII was added. Among the various exoglucanases, E3 showed higher activity with the crude extract of the [RsBglB-2A-RaCel5A] transgenic line. Transgenic expression of 2A-mediated multiple enzymes induced synergistic effects and led to more efficient hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials for bioethanol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Seok Lee
- Bio-energy Research Institute, Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 500–757, Republic of Korea
- Department of Forest Products and Technology (Bk21 Program), Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 500–757, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Ho Lee
- Bio-energy Research Institute, Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 500–757, Republic of Korea
| | - Sera Jung
- Department of Forest Products and Technology (Bk21 Program), Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 500–757, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jin Jo
- Bio-energy Research Institute, Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 500–757, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hwan Han
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Michigan State UniversityUSA
| | - Hyeun-Jong Bae
- Bio-energy Research Institute, Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 500–757, Republic of Korea
- Department of Forest Products and Technology (Bk21 Program), Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 500–757, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National UniversityGwangju
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Characterization and pH-dependent substrate specificity of alkalophilic xylanase from Bacillus alcalophilus. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 39:1465-75. [PMID: 22763748 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-012-1159-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The gene of endo-beta-1-4 xylanase, xynT, was cloned from Bacillus alcalophilus AX2000 and expressed in Escherichia coli. This XynT, which belongs to glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 10, was found to have a molecular weight of approximately 37 kDa and exhibit optimal activity at pH 7-9 and 50 °C. It exhibits a high activity towards birchwood xylan and has the ability to bind avicel. Under optimal conditions, XynT hydrolyzes all xylooligomers into xylobiose as an end product with a preference for cleavage sites at the second or third glycosidic bond from the reducing end. XynT has a different substrate affinity on xylooligomers at pH 5.0, which contributes to its low activity toward xylotriose and its derived intermediate products. This low activity may be due to an unstable interaction with the amino acids that constitute subsites of the active site. Interestingly, the addition of Co(2+) and Mn(2+) led to a significant increase in activity by up to 40 and 50 %, respectively. XynT possesses a high binding affinity and hydrolytic activity toward the insoluble xylan, for which it exhibits high activity at pH 7-9, giving rise to its efficient biobleaching effect on Pinus densiflora kraft pulp.
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Amore A, Amoresano A, Birolo L, Henrissat B, Leo G, Palmese A, Faraco V. A family GH51 α-L-arabinofuranosidase from Pleurotus ostreatus: identification, recombinant expression and characterization. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 94:995-1006. [PMID: 22080345 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3678-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Revised: 09/29/2011] [Accepted: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
An α-L-arabinofuranosidase produced by Pleurotus ostreatus (PoAbf) during solid state fermentation on tomato pomace was identified and the corresponding gene and cDNA were cloned and sequenced. Molecular analysis showed that the poabf gene carries 26 exons interrupted by 25 introns and has an open reading frame encoding a protein of 646 amino acid residues, including a signal peptide of 20 amino acid residues. The amino acid sequence similar to the other α-L-arabinofuranosidases indicated that the enzyme encoded by poabf can be classified as a family 51 glycoside hydrolase. Heterologous recombinant expression of PoAbf was carried out in the yeasts Pichia pastoris and Kluyveromyces lactis achieving the highest production level of the secreted enzyme (180 mg L(-1)) in the former host. rPoAbf produced in P. pastoris was purified and characterized. It is a glycosylated monomer with a molecular weight of 81,500 Da in denaturing conditions. Mass spectral analyses led to the localization of a single O-glycosylation site at the level of Ser160. The enzyme is highly specific for α-L-arabinofuranosyl linkages and when assayed with p-nitrophenyl α-L-arabinofuranoside it follows Michaelis-Menten kinetics with a K (M) of 0.64 mM and a k (cat) of 3,010 min(-1). The optimum pH is 5 and the optimal temperature 40°C. It is worth noting that the enzyme shows a very high stability in a broad range of pH. The more durable activity showed by rPoAbf in comparison to the other α-L-arabinofuranosidases enhances its potential for biotechnological applications and increases interest in elucidating the molecular bases of its peculiar properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Amore
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, via Cintia 4, Naples, Italy
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