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Lee IH, Lee SJ, Kang B, Lee J, Jung JH, Park HY, Park JY, Park NJY, Kim EA, Kang J, Chae YS. Exploration of MELK as a downstream of Del-1 and druggable targets in triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024; 205:181-191. [PMID: 38279017 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-07198-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE In our previous study, Developmental endothelial locus-1 (Del-1) was a promising predictive marker for breast cancer. However, the downstream targets of Del-1 remain unknown. Here, we sought to discover a druggable target downstream of Del-1 and investigate the mechanism by which it regulates the course of breast cancer. METHODS To investigate Del-1 downregulation effect on breast cancer, we performed transcriptome analysis using RNA sequencing of Del-1 knockdowned MDA-MB-231 cell line Plus, to investigate the expression of Del-1 and Maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK), mRNA levels in eight different triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) cell lines were analyzed. High-throughput sequencing was performed on total RNA isolated. OTS167 was used for MELK inhibition. The effects of MELK on cell proliferation and invasion were determined using the MTT and Matrigel transwell assays. Furthermore, we examined MELK expression in breast cancer tissue. RESULTS Del-1 and MELK mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in the TNBC cell lines, MDA-MB-468, HCC-1806, and MBA-MB-231. Knocking down Del-1 with siRNA in HCC-1806 and MBA-MB-231 cells significantly decreased MELK expression and thus suggested a possible relationship between Del-1 and MELK. In MDA-MB-468 cells, a basal-like 1 TNBC cell line, OTS167 significantly inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis. To further investigate the relationship between Del-1 and MELK, dual inhibition of both Del-1 and MELK was performed, which significantly reduced the viability of MDA-MB-468 and MBA-MB-231 cells. CONCLUSION We found that MELK acts downstream of Del-1 and is a promising druggable target, especially in basal-like and mesenchymal stem-like subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Hee Lee
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicien, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicien, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeongju Kang
- Breast & Thyroid Surgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicien, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeeyeon Lee
- Breast & Thyroid Surgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicien, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyang Jung
- Breast & Thyroid Surgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicien, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Yong Park
- Breast & Thyroid Surgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicien, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Park
- Department of Pathology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Nora Jee-Young Park
- Department of Pathology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ae Kim
- Cell & Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Kang
- Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yee Soo Chae
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicien, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Lee IH, Lee SJ, Kim J, Lee YH, Chong GO, Kim JM, Lee J, Lee NY, Park SY, Hong DG, Chae YS. Exploring the effect of BRCA1/2 status on chemotherapy-induced hematologic toxicity in patients with ovarian cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2024:10.1007/s00280-024-04670-8. [PMID: 38652271 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-024-04670-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE BRCA1/2 are integral to the DNA repair mechanism and their germline pathogenic variants (gBRCA) result in a high risk for developing breast and ovarian cancer. Patients with gBRCA mutations showed increased sensitivity to DNA cross-linking agent but might have increased treatment-related toxicities. Thus, we hypothesized that gBRCA mutation ovarian cancer patients who underwent platinum-based chemotherapy might be at higher risk of developing chemotherapy-induced hematologic toxicity. METHODS This study enrolled 160 patients with ovarian cancer who received frontline platinum-based chemotherapy between 2011 and 2019 in Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital. Incidence rate and severity of chemotherapy-induced hematologic toxicity (neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia) was compared for BRCA mutation and wild patients. RESULTS 160 women, including 62 BRCA1/2 (38 BRCA1, and 25 BRCA2) mutation group, and 98 noncarriers, were analyzed. A higher frequency of G2 anemia was noted in the BRCA -mutant group (22% vs. 1%, p = 0.07). Furthermore, G3 anemia was significantly common among BRCA group (12.9% vs. 3%, p = 0.02). In the subgroup analysis according to BRCA1/2 status, BRCA1 mutated patients showed a significantly higher frequency of G1 anemia than BRCA2 (89% vs. 60%, p = 0.01). In terms of neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, BRCA mutated patients and noncarriers had similar hematologic toxicity. CONCLUSION Germline BRCA mutations were associated with a higher frequency of G2/3 anemia in ovarian cancer patients who underwent first-line platinum-based chemotherapy. Moreover, the BRCA1 mutation appeared to be more strongly associated with the incidence of chemotherapy-induced anemia. Our findings warrant further investigation in larger, prospective studies to confirm these current findings and determine whether preventive interventions may be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Hee Lee
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Chillgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Chillgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhyung Kim
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Chillgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Hee Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun Oh Chong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Mi Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhun Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Nan Young Lee
- Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Young Park
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Dea Gy Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yee Soo Chae
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Chillgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Lee J, Kim EA, Kang J, Chae YS, Park HY, Kang B, Lee SJ, Lee IH, Park JY, Park NJY, Jung JH. Long non-coding RNA SOX2OT in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2024; 25:12. [PMID: 38649821 PMCID: PMC11036730 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-024-00510-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer can become aggressive after developing hormone-treatment resistance. This study elucidated the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) SOX2OT in tamoxifen-resistant (TAMR) breast cancer and its potential interplay with the tumor microenvironment (TME). TAMR breast cancer cell lines TAMR-V and TAMR-H were compared with the luminal type A cell line (MCF-7). LncRNA expression was assessed via next-generation sequencing, RNA extraction, lncRNA profiling, and quantitative RT-qPCR. SOX2OT overexpression effects on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were evaluated using various assays. SOX2OT was consistently downregulated in TAMR cell lines and TAMR breast cancer tissue. Overexpression of SOX2OT in TAMR cells increased cell proliferation and cell invasion. However, SOX2OT overexpression did not significantly alter SOX2 levels, suggesting an independent interaction within TAMR cells. Kaplan-Meier plot analysis revealed an inverse relationship between SOX2OT expression and prognosis in luminal A and B breast cancers. Our findings highlight the potential role of SOX2OT in TAMR breast cancer progression. The downregulation of SOX2OT in TAMR breast cancer indicates its involvement in resistance mechanisms. Further studies should explore the intricate interactions between SOX2OT, SOX2, and TME in breast cancer subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeeyeon Lee
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Hoguk-ro 807, Buk-gu, 41404, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ae Kim
- Cell & Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Kang
- Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Hoguk-ro 807, Buk-gu, 41404, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yee Soo Chae
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Hoguk-ro 807, Buk-gu, 41404, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Yong Park
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Hoguk-ro 807, Buk-gu, 41404, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeongju Kang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Hoguk-ro 807, Buk-gu, 41404, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Hoguk-ro 807, Buk-gu, 41404, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - In Hee Lee
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Hoguk-ro 807, Buk-gu, 41404, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Park
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Hoguk-ro 807, Buk-gu, 41404, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Nora Jee-Young Park
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Hoguk-ro 807, Buk-gu, 41404, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyang Jung
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
- Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Hoguk-ro 807, Buk-gu, 41404, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Lee SH, Lee GW, Lee SJ, Kim SG. Association between the response of intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor injection and systemic factors of diabetic macular edema. BMC Ophthalmol 2024; 24:166. [PMID: 38616277 PMCID: PMC11017644 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-024-03432-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the effects of systemic factors in response to intravitreal injections in patients with macular edema due to non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients treated with intravitreal injections for macular edema secondary to NPDR between January 2018 and January 2021. The patients were divided into three groups according to the injection response. When patients with diabetic macular edema showed 20µ or more reduction in central retinal thickness compared to baseline, they were classified as responsive group, and if not, they were classified as refractory group. The responsive group was further divided into the complete and incomplete response groups. Patients with complete disappearance of edema at seven months were classified as the complete response group, whereas those in which edema did not disappear were classified as the incomplete response group. The clinical characteristics of each group, including medical history, ophthalmic examination results, and laboratory examination results at the time of diagnosis, were analyzed. RESULTS Of the 112 eyes (91 patients) that satisfied the inclusion criteria, 89 (77 patients) in the responsive group and 23 (14 patients) in the refractory group were included in the analysis. The responsive group was further divided into the complete (51 eyes) and incomplete (38 eyes) response groups. The refractory group had significantly higher glycated hemoglobin levels and significantly lower estimated glomerular filtration rates than the responsive group (p = 0.026 and p = 0.012, respectively). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, both factors were found to be significant in predicting the degree of response (all p < 0.05). No factor showed a significant difference between the incomplete and complete response groups(all p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In macular edema caused by NPDR, low glomerular filtration rates and high glycated hemoglobin levels may be used as predictors of poor response to intravitreal injection therapy. In addition to blood glucose control, education should be provided regarding the need for the continuous monitoring of renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Hyung Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun Woo Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Gyu Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, #33 Duryugongwon-ro 17-gil, Nam-gu, 42472, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Lee SJ, Lee IH, Kim S, Lee JM, Chae YS, Park HK. Effectiveness of Carboplatin-Prescreening Intradermal Skin Tests to Reduce Unanticipated Immediate Hypersensitivity Reactions: A Comparative Study. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice 2024; 12:998-1005.e3. [PMID: 38070772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carboplatin administration poses a risk of immediate hypersensitivity reactions (IHRs) that tend to increase with repeated administration and are mostly IgE-mediated. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the usefulness of carboplatin-prescreening intradermal skin tests (IDTs). METHODS Carboplatin-prescreening IDTs were routinely conducted in patients with a history of receiving six or more carboplatin cycles beginning in January 2021. The primary objective was to assess disparities in the incidence of unanticipated IHRs to carboplatin administration. We compared patients in the intervention group (from 2021 to 2022) and those who did not undergo prescreening IDTs under the same conditions (preintervention group, from 2019 to 2020). Secondary objectives included evaluating the sensitivity and specificity of the prescreening IDT and the incidence of carboplatin IHR according to the number of infusion cycles. RESULTS The intervention group was composed of 67 patients who were administered 347 carboplatin cycles whereas the preintervention group included 96 patients who were administered 464 carboplatin cycles. The risk of unanticipated carboplatin IHRs decreased by 83.2% in the intervention group compared with results in the preintervention group (preintervention group, 3.45%, n = 16 vs intervention group, 0.58%, n = 2; P = .005). The prescreening IDT showed a sensitivity and specificity of 77.78% and 99.41%, respectively. The risk of newly developed IHRs based on the number of carboplatin cycles was less than 1% (cycles 1-5), 2.11% (cycle 6), 3.90% (cycles 7-12), 2.90% (cycles 13-18), and 0.74% (cycles 19 and greater), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Initiating carboplatin-prescreening IDTs from the seventh cycle on significantly reduced the risk of unanticipated IHRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - In Hee Lee
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sujeong Kim
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jong-Myung Lee
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yee Soo Chae
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
| | - Han-Ki Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
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Lee SJ, Lee J, Ahn A, Lee S, Hong Y, Lee GD, Song H, Song M, Shin S, Kim M, Kim Y. Analytical Performance Evaluation of a Digital Real-Time PCR for Quantifying Major BCR::ABL1 Transcripts. J Clin Lab Anal 2024; 38:e25034. [PMID: 38525919 PMCID: PMC11033343 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.25034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate quantification of the BCR::ABL1 transcripts is essential for measurable residual disease (MRD) monitoring in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) after tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment. This study evaluated the newly developed digital real-time PCR method, Dr. PCR, as an alternative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) for MRD detection. METHODS The performance of Dr. PCR was assessed using reference and clinical materials. Precision, linearity, and correlation with qRT-PCR were evaluated. MRD levels detected by Dr. PCR were compared with qRT-PCR, and practical advantages were investigated. RESULTS Dr. PCR detected MRD up to 0.0032%IS (MR4.5) with excellent precision and linearity and showed a strong correlation with qRT-PCR results. Notably, Dr. PCR identified higher levels of MRD in 12.7% (29/229) of patients than qRT-PCR, including six cases of MR4, which is a critical level for TKI discontinuation. Dr. PCR also allowed for sufficient ABL1 copies in all cases, while qRT-PCR necessitated multiple repeat tests in 3.5% (8/229) of cases. CONCLUSION Our study provides a body of evidence supporting the clinical application of Dr. PCR as a rapid and efficient method for assessing MRD in patients with CML under the current treatment regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Laboratory MedicineSeoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of KoreaSeoulKorea
| | - Jong‐Mi Lee
- Department of Laboratory MedicineSeoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of KoreaSeoulKorea
| | - Ari Ahn
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulKorea
| | - Sung‐Eun Lee
- Department of Hematology, Catholic Hematology Hospital, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulKorea
| | - Yuna Hong
- Catholic Genetic Laboratory Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulKorea
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate SchoolThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulKorea
| | - Gun Dong Lee
- Department of Laboratory MedicineSeoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of KoreaSeoulKorea
| | - Hyun‐Woo Song
- Bio Institute, Optolane Technologies Inc.PangyoSeong‐Nam‐SiKorea
| | - Min‐Sik Song
- Bio Institute, Optolane Technologies Inc.PangyoSeong‐Nam‐SiKorea
| | - Seung‐Shick Shin
- Bio Institute, Optolane Technologies Inc.PangyoSeong‐Nam‐SiKorea
| | - Myungshin Kim
- Department of Laboratory MedicineSeoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of KoreaSeoulKorea
- Catholic Genetic Laboratory Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulKorea
| | - Yonggoo Kim
- Department of Laboratory MedicineSeoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of KoreaSeoulKorea
- Catholic Genetic Laboratory Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulKorea
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Lee S, Lee SJ. Measure of Auditory Working Memory Span Using Monosyllabic Word Recognition Test in Young Adults With Normal Hearing: A Preliminary Study. Am J Audiol 2024; 33:66-78. [PMID: 37917922 DOI: 10.1044/2023_aja-23-00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Measuring working memory at hearing clinics is important. This study attempted to develop a test protocol that measures auditory working memory using a standardized monosyllabic word list in Korean Speech Audiometry (KSA). METHOD We included 25 young adults with normal hearing in this study. Participants conducted word recognition and word span tests concurrently using the KSA monosyllabic word lists. We designed four test conditions according to the presence or absence of background noise and word recall order: quiet-forward (QF), quiet-backward (QB), noise-forward, (NF), and noise-backward (NB). We implemented digit span tests in the Korean Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV (K-WAIS-IV) to determine the validity of the working memory outcomes. RESULTS Word recognition scores of QF and QB were significantly higher than those of NF and NB. The percentages of correctly recalled words and word recall span scores were highest in QF and lowest in NB. Overall, the Pearson correlation and multiple regression statistics showed that our word span test outcomes for QB and NF were highly associated with digit span scores on the K-WAIS-IV. CONCLUSION Our proposed test protocol showed the possibility of measuring auditory working memory and monosyllabic word recognition simultaneously by validating the results with K-WAIS-IV outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungmin Lee
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, Tongmyong University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, Tongmyong University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Jung DH, Lee SJ. Comparison of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness between monocular and alternating exotropia in patients with intermittent exotropia. Int Ophthalmol 2024; 44:36. [PMID: 38332228 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-024-03021-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate differences in intraocular structure based on the presence or absence of fixation preference in children with intermittent exotropia (IXT) by comparing the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). METHODS From October 2018 to March 2022, RNFL thickness was retrospectively analyzed using spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Participants had uncorrected visual acuity of 20/20, refractive errors close to emmetropia, and no anisometropia. The patients were divided into monocular and alternating exotropia groups through a cover-uncover test. The average and sectoral thickness of the RNFL in both groups were compared. RESULTS The average global thickness and average thickness of each of the six sectors of the RNFL did not significantly differ between dominant and non-dominant eyes in the monocular exotropia group and between right and left eyes in the alternating exotropia group. The thickness did not significantly differ between the monocular exotropia group and the right or left eye of the alternating exotropia group. Interocular differences in RNFL thickness were negative in the monocular exotropia group (dominant eye-non-dominant eye) and positive in the alternating exotropia group (right eye-left eye) for the average, inferonasal, and inferior sectors, exhibiting statistically significant between-group differences (p = 0.019, p = 0.003, p = 0.023, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In children with IXT without obvious refractive error, there was a significant interocular difference in RNFL thickness of the average, inferonasal, and inferior sectors between monocular and alternating exotropia groups. The presence of fixation preference may affect RNFL thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Hee Jung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, 875 Haeundae-Ro, Haeundae-Gu, Busan, 48108, Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, 875 Haeundae-Ro, Haeundae-Gu, Busan, 48108, Korea.
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Lee SJ, Yoon SH, Kim SY, Lee D. Changes in ocular extorsion after horizontal muscle surgery in patients with intermittent exotropia coexisting with hypertropia and mild inferior oblique overaction. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297427. [PMID: 38315696 PMCID: PMC10843071 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate changes in vertical strabismus and extorsion in patients with intermittent exotropia and mild unilateral inferior oblique muscle overaction (IOOA) who underwent horizontal muscle surgery without vertical or oblique muscle surgery. METHODS The medical records of 41 patients were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were followed up for at least 6 months after surgery. Fundus photography was performed before and after surgery, and the sum of the angles of torsion in both eyes was used to measure changes in extorsion using ImageJ software. The enrolled patients were divided into two groups according to the degree of IOOA: patients with grade 1 IOOA were placed in +1 IOOA group and those with grade 2 IOOA in +2 IOOA group. The pre- and postoperative angles of horizontal and vertical strabismus and extorsion were compared between the two groups. RESULTS The +1 IOOA and +2 IOOA groups included 24 and 17 patients, respectively. The angle of preoperative exotropia did not differ significantly: 25.54 ± 5.68 prism diopters (PD) and 25.65 ± 8.11 PD in the +1 IOOA and +2 IOOA groups, respectively. In the +1 IOOA and +2 IOOA groups, hypertropia was 2.67 ± 1.52 PD and 2.82 ± 1.13 PD, respectively, and extorsion angles were 7.14 ± 2.77° and 7.94 ± 2.87°, respectively. As the IOOA degree increased, the extent of hypertropia and extorsion also increased. However, there were no significant differences between the two groups. Postoperative angles of hypertropia and extorsion significantly decreased in both groups (p < 0.001) after surgery. The degree of change in hypertropia and extorsion was not significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.563 and p = 0.354, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Hypertropia and extorsion improved significantly after horizontal muscle surgery in patients with mild unilateral IOOA and intermittent exotropia. There was no significant difference in the improvement in hypertropia or extorsion between IOOA grades I and II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sook Hyun Yoon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sook Young Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Donghun Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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10
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Lim CM, Choi SW, Kim BS, Lee SJ, Kang HS. Dynamic Fixation versus Static Screw Fixation for Syndesmosis Injuries in Pronation External Rotation Ankle Fractures: A Retrospective Case Control Study. Malays Orthop J 2023; 17:48-58. [PMID: 38107359 PMCID: PMC10723001 DOI: 10.5704/moj.2311.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The current standard treatment for ankle syndesmosis injury is static screw fixation. Dynamic fixation was developed to restore the dynamic function of the syndesmosis. The purpose of this study was to determine that which of static screw fixation and dynamic fixation is better for treatment of ankle syndesmosis injury in pronation-external rotation fractures. Materials and methods Thirty patients were treated with dynamic fixation (DF group) and 28 patients with static screw fixation (SF group). The primary outcome was Olerud-Molander Ankle Outcome Score. The secondary outcome were Visual Analogue Scale score and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society score, radiographic outcomes, complications and cost effectiveness. To evaluate the radiographic outcome, the tibiofibular clear space, tibiofibular overlap, and medial clear space were compared using the pre-operative and last follow-up plain radiographs. To evaluate the cost effectiveness, the total hospital cost was compared between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference in primary outcome. Moreover, there were no significant difference in secondary outcome including Visual Analogue Scale score and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society score and radiographic outcome. Two cases of reduction loss and four cases of screw breakage were observed in the SF group. No complication in the DF group was observed. Dynamic fixation was more cost effective than static screw fixation with respect to the total hospital cost. Conclusion Although dynamic fixation provided similar clinical and radiologic outcome, dynamic fixation is more cost effective with fewer complications than static screw fixation in ankle syndesmosis injury of pronation-external rotation fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Lim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, South Korea
| | - S W Choi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, South Korea
| | - B S Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, South Korea
| | - S J Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, South Korea
| | - H S Kang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, South Korea
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11
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Stevenson ER, Smith LC, Wilkinson ML, Lee SJ, Gow AJ. Etiology of lipid-laden macrophages in the lung. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 123:110719. [PMID: 37595492 PMCID: PMC10734282 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Uniquely positioned as sentinel cells constantly exposed to the environment, pulmonary macrophages are vital for the maintenance of the lung lining. These cells are responsible for the clearance of xenobiotics, pathogen detection and clearance, and homeostatic functions such as surfactant recycling. Among the spectrum of phenotypes that may be expressed by macrophages in the lung, the pulmonary lipid-laden phenotype is less commonly studied in comparison to its circulatory counterpart, the atherosclerotic lesion-associated foam cell, or the acutely activated inflammatory macrophage. Herein, we propose that lipid-laden macrophage formation in the lung is governed by lipid acquisition, storage, metabolism, and export processes. The cellular balance of these four processes is critical to the maintenance of homeostasis and the prevention of aberrant signaling that may contribute to lung pathologies. This review aims to examine mechanisms and signaling pathways that are involved in lipid-laden macrophage formation and the potential consequences of this phenotype in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Stevenson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - L C Smith
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Pharmacy, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - M L Wilkinson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - S J Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - A J Gow
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
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Lee J, Jung JH, Kim WW, Kang B, Keum H, Chae YS, Lee SJ, Park JY, Park NJY, Jung TD, Park HY. Ten-Year Oncologic Outcomes in T1-3N1 Breast Cancer After Targeted Axillary Sampling: A Retrospective Study. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:4669-4677. [PMID: 36828929 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-13191-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeted axillary sampling (TAS) is a new surgical concept for the assessment of axillary lymph node status in breast cancer that is hypothesized to be more effective at minimizing postoperative morbidities than axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), provided the metastatic axillary lymph node can be accurately detected without missing data; however, the oncologic outcomes over long-term follow-up have not been sufficiently investigated. This was a retrospective analysis to evaluate the 10-year oncologic outcomes in T1-3N1 breast cancer after TAS. METHODS Between 2008 and 2013, 230 female patients with cT1-3N1 breast cancer underwent breast and axillary surgery (ALND, n = 171; TAS, n = 59) at our institute. After TAS was applied, additional axillary radiotherapy was performed. Various postoperative complications, including postoperative seroma, lymphedema, and 10-year oncological outcomes, were evaluated and compared between the ALND and TAS groups. RESULTS Although overall survival during the 10-year follow-up period was better in the TAS group, there was no statistically significant difference in oncologic outcomes, including locoregional recurrence, distant metastasis, and overall survival (p = 0.395, 0.818, and 0.555, respectively). Furthermore, the incidence of lymphedema on the ipsilateral arm was significantly higher in the ALND group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The 10-year oncological outcomes of TAS were not inferior to those of conventional ALND in T1-3N1 breast cancers; however, the incidence of lymphedema was significantly higher in the ALND group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeeyeon Lee
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyang Jung
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Wook Kim
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeongju Kang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejung Keum
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yee Soo Chae
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Park
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Nora Jee-Young Park
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Du Jung
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Yong Park
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Lee J, Jung JH, Kim WW, Kang B, Keum H, Chae YS, Lee SJ, Park JY, Park NJY, Jung TD, Park HY. ASO Visual Abstract: Ten-Year Oncologic Outcomes in T1-3N1 Breast Cancer After Targeted Axillary Sampling: A Retrospective Study. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:4680-4681. [PMID: 37225834 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-13390-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeeyeon Lee
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyang Jung
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Wook Kim
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeongju Kang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejung Keum
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yee Soo Chae
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Park
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Nora Ji-Young Park
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Du Jung
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Yong Park
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Lee SJ, Gasche MB, Burrows CJ, Kondepudi A, Zhang X, Wang MM. Preferential rabbit antibody responses to C-termini of NOTCH3 peptide immunogens. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9156. [PMID: 37280231 PMCID: PMC10244458 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36067-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibodies raised in peptide-immunized rabbits have been used in biological research for decades. Although there has been wide implementation of this approach, specific proteins are occasionally difficult to target for multiple reasons. One consideration that was noted in mice is that humoral responses may preferentially target the carboxyl terminus of the peptide sequence which is not present in the intact protein. To shed light on the frequency of preferential rabbit antibody responses to C-termini of peptide immunogens, we present our experience with generation of rabbit antibodies to human NOTCH3. A total of 23 antibodies were raised against 10 peptide sequences of human NOTCH3. Over 70% (16 of 23) of these polyclonal antibodies were determined to be C-terminal preferring: NOTCH3 peptide-reactive antibodies largely targeted the terminating free carboxyl group of the immunizing peptide. The antibodies that preferred C-terminal epitopes reacted weakly or not at all with recombinant target sequences with extension the C-terminus that eliminated the free carboxyl group of the immunogen structure; furthermore, each of these antisera revealed no antibody reactivity to proteins truncated before the C-terminus of the immunogen. In immunocytochemical applications of these anti-peptide antibodies, we similarly found reactivity to recombinant targets that best binding to cells expressing the free C-terminus of the immunizing sequence. In aggregate, our experience demonstrates a strong propensity for rabbits to mount antibody responses to C-terminal epitopes of NOTCH3-derived peptides which is predicted to limit their use against the native protein. We discuss some potential approaches to overcome this bias that could improve the efficiency of generation of antibodies in this commonly utilized experimental paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Neurology Service, Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Mitchell B Gasche
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Connor J Burrows
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Akhil Kondepudi
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Neurology Service, Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Michael M Wang
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, 7725 Medical Science Building II Box 5622, 1137 Catherine St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5622, USA.
- Neurology Service, Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA.
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15
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Lee SJ, Zhang X, Wu E, Sukpraphrute R, Sukpraphrute C, Ye A, Wang MM. Structural changes in NOTCH3 induced by CADASIL mutations: role of cysteine and non-cysteine alterations. J Biol Chem 2023:104838. [PMID: 37209821 PMCID: PMC10318516 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a cerebral small vessel disease that results from mutations in NOTCH3. How mutations in NOTCH3 ultimately result in disease is not clear, though there is a predilection for mutations to alter the number of cysteines of the gene product, supporting a model in which alterations of conserved disulfide bonds of NOTCH3 drives the disease process. We have found that recombinant proteins with CADASIL NOTCH3 EGF-domains 1-3 fused to the C-terminus of Fc are distinguished from wildtype proteins by slowed mobility in non-reducing gels. We use this gel mobility shift assay to define the effects of mutations in the first three EGF-like domains of NOTCH3 in 167 unique recombinant protein constructs. This assay permits a readout on NOTCH3 protein mobility that indicates that: 1) Any loss of cysteine mutation in the first three EGF motifs results in structural abnormalities; 2) For loss of cysteine mutants, the mutant amino acid residue plays a minimal role; 3) The majority of changes that result in a new cysteine are poorly tolerated; 4) At residue 75, cysteine, proline, and glycine, but no other amino acids, induce structural shifts; 5) Specific second mutations in conserved cysteines suppress the impact of loss of cysteine CADASIL mutations. In sum, these studies support the importance of NOTCH3 cysteines and disulfide bonds in maintaining normal protein structure. Moreover, double mutant analysis suggests that suppression of protein abnormalities can be achieved through modification of cysteine reactivity, a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jung Lee
- Departments of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Neurology Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs, Ann Arbor, MI 48105
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- Departments of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Neurology Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs, Ann Arbor, MI 48105
| | - Emily Wu
- Departments of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Neurology Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs, Ann Arbor, MI 48105
| | - Richard Sukpraphrute
- Departments of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Neurology Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs, Ann Arbor, MI 48105
| | - Catherine Sukpraphrute
- Departments of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Neurology Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs, Ann Arbor, MI 48105
| | - Andrew Ye
- Departments of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Neurology Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs, Ann Arbor, MI 48105
| | - Michael M Wang
- Departments of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Departments of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Neurology Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs, Ann Arbor, MI 48105.
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Sang DM, Na IH, Anh DT, Dung DTM, Hang NTT, Phuong-Anh NT, Hai PT, Oanh DTK, Tung TT, Lee SJ, Kwon JH, Kang JS, Han SB, Hai DTT, Nam NH. Novel (E)-3-(3-oxo-4-substituted-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-6-yl)-N-hydroxypropenamides as Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis and Bioevaluation. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202201030. [PMID: 37017259 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202201030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the design, synthesis and evaluation of novel (E)-3-(3-oxo-4-substituted-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-6-yl)-N-hydroxypropenamides (4a-i, 7a-g) targeting histone deacetylases. Three human cancer cell lines were used to test the cytotoxicity of the synthesized compounds (SW620, colon; PC-3, prostate; NCI-H23, lung cancer); inhibitory activity towards HDAC; anticancer activity; as well as their impact on the cell cycle and apoptosis. As a result, compounds 4a-i bearing the alkyl substituents seemed to be less potent than the benzyl-containing compounds 7a-g in all biological assays. Compounds 7e-fwere found to be the most active HDAC inhibitors with IC50 of 1.498 ± 0.020 μM and 1.794 ± 0.159 μM, respectively. In terms of cytotoxicity and anticancer assay, 7e and 7f also showed good activity with IC50 values in the micromolar range. In addition, the cell cycle and apoptosis of SW620 were affected by compound 7f in almost a similar manner to that of reference compound SAHA. Docking assays were carried out for analysis the binding mode and selectivity of this compound toward 8 HDAC isoforms. Overall, our data confirmed that the inhibition of HDAC plays a pivotal role in their anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doan Minh Sang
- Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical chemistry, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, VIET NAM
| | - Ik Ho Na
- Chungbuk National University, Pharmacy, Osongsaengmyung-1, Heungdeok, Cheongju, Cheongju, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Duong Tien Anh
- Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical chemistry, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, VIET NAM
| | - Do Thi Mai Dung
- Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical chemistry, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, VIET NAM
| | - Nguyen Thi Thu Hang
- Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, VIET NAM
| | - Nguyen T Phuong-Anh
- Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical chemistry, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, VIET NAM
| | - Pham-The Hai
- Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, VIET NAM
| | - Dao Thi Kim Oanh
- Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, VIET NAM
| | | | - Soo Jung Lee
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Biology, Cheongju, Cheongju, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Joo Hee Kwon
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Biology, Cheongju, Cheongju, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Jong Soon Kang
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Biology, Cheongju, Cheongju, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Sang-Bae Han
- Chungbuk National University, Pharmacy, Osongsaengmyung-1, Cheongju, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Dinh Thi Thanh Hai
- Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical chemistry, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, VIET NAM
| | - Nguyen-Hai Nam
- Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong, 0084, Hanoi, VIET NAM
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Youssef M, Dong K, Lee SJ, Narula N. A167 HISTOLOGICAL REMISSION PLACEBO RATES IN ULCERATIVE COLITIS TRIALS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2023. [PMCID: PMC9991206 DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwac036.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background High histologic remission rates have been reported with placebos in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating ulcerative colitis (UC) therapies and have varied based on trial designs. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify placebo histological remission rates and identify factors influencing those rates. Purpose This systematic review aims to improve future trials design and minimize placebo rates in UC trials. Method MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane library were searched from inception of the databases until December 2021. We included placebo-controlled RCTs of adult patients with UC treated with aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, immunosuppressives, biologics, and small molecules. We pooled estimates using a random-effects model and performed subgroup analysis as well as meta-regression to evaluate the effect of different covariates on placebo rates. Result(s) Thirty-three studies (30 induction and 3 maintenance) were included. The overall placebo histological remission rate was 15.7% [95% CI 12.9-19%] across all 33 studies (Figure). High heterogeneity was observed among studies with I2 = 62.10%. In induction studies, the pooled estimate of histological remission was 15.8% [95% CI 12.7-19.5%], while in maintenance studies the pooled estimate was 14.5% [95% CI 8.4-24%]. Subgroup analysis revealed statistically significant differences in placebo rates when accounting for background medications, the intervention drug class, and disease severity [p= 0.041, 0.025, and 0.025, respectively]. There was no statistical difference between induction vs. maintenance studies or between different histological scales [p= 0.771, and 0.075, respectively]. Meta-regression showed similar results except that the therapy used was not statistically significant [p-value= 0.059]. Image ![]()
Conclusion(s) Placebo histological remission rates range from 13-19% in UC RCTs, but studies are highly heterogeneous. Factors found to influence placebo rates include presence of background medications, the drug used and the disease severity in UC patients. These observations have important implications in informing future trial designs to minimize placebo rates and reduce heterogeneity. Disclosure of Interest M. Youssef: None Declared, K. Dong: None Declared, S. J. Lee: None Declared, N. Narula Speakers bureau of: received honoraria from Janssen, Abbvie, Takeda, Pfizer, Merck, Sandoz, Novartis, and Ferring
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Affiliation(s)
- M Youssef
- Internal Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto
| | | | - S J Lee
- Internal Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto
| | - N Narula
- Gastroenterology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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Na JH, Lee SJ. Analysis of Changes in High-order Aberration and Contrast Sensitivity After Epiblepharon Surgery. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2023; 39:141-145. [PMID: 35943422 DOI: 10.1097/iop.0000000000002261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate changes in corneal anterior high-order aberration (HOA) and contrast sensitivity (CS) before and after epiblepharon surgery. METHODS A retrospective observational analysis of the degree of corneal erosion, HOAs and CS was conducted in the OD and OS, respectively, before and after epiblepharon surgery. The correlations between corneal erosion, HOAs, and CS were analyzed. RESULTS Forty-nine patients were included in the study. Among the anterior HOAs, total HOA, coma, and trefoil showed significant improvement after surgery ( P = 0.003, P = 0.009, and P = 0.018, respectively). In the CS test, there was a significant improvement in CS after surgery at 1.1 cycles per degree (cpd) under photopic conditions, regardless of glare. Preoperative correlation analysis between HOAs and corneal erosion showed a significant positive correlation with total HOA ( P = 0.001) and coma ( P = 0.001). Preoperative correlation analysis between CS and corneal erosion showed a significant negative correlation at 1.1 cpd with glare under photopic conditions ( P = 0.049). A negative correlation was also observed between CS under mesopic and photopic conditions and total HOA both before and after surgery. CONCLUSION Significant improvement in corneal anterior HOAs and CS at 1.1 cpd under photopic conditions was observed after epiblepharon surgery. Total HOA of anterior cornea showed a negative correlation with CS. A decrease in HOAs and recovery of corneal erosion after epiblepharon surgery will help improve CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Ho Na
- Department of Ophthalmology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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Lee SJ, Kondepudi A, Young KZ, Zhang X, Cartee NMP, Chen J, Jang KY, Xu G, Borjigin J, Wang MM. Concentration of non-myocyte proteins in arterial media of cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281094. [PMID: 36753487 PMCID: PMC9907840 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The most common inherited cause of vascular dementia and stroke, cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), is caused by mutations in NOTCH3. Post-translationally altered NOTCH3 accumulates in the vascular media of CADASIL arteries in areas of the vessels that exhibit profound cellular degeneration. The identification of molecules that concentrate in the same location as pathological NOTCH3 may shed light on processes that drive cytopathology in CADASIL. We performed a two phase immunohistochemical screen of markers identified in the Human Protein Atlas to identify new proteins that accumulate in the vascular media in a pattern similar to pathological NOTCH3. In phase one, none of 16 smooth muscle cell (SMC) localized antigens exhibited NOTCH3-like patterns of expression; however, several exhibited disease-dependent patterns of expression, with antibodies directed against FAM124A, GZMM, MTFR1, and ST6GAL demonstrating higher expression in controls than CADASIL. In contrast, in phase two of the study that included 56 non-SMC markers, two proteins, CD63 and CTSH, localized to the same regions as pathological NOTCH3, which was verified by VesSeg, a customized algorithm that assigns relative location of antigens within the layers of the vessel. Proximity ligation assays support complex formation between NOTCH3 fragments and CD63 in degenerating CADASIL media. Interestingly, in normal mouse brain, the two novel CADASIL markers, CD63 and CTSH, are expressed in non-SMC vascular cells. The identification of new proteins that concentrate in CADASIL vascular media demonstrates the utility of querying publicly available protein databases in specific neurological diseases and uncovers unexpected, non-SMC origins of pathological antigens in small vessel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
- Neurology Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Akhil Kondepudi
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
- Neurology Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Kelly Z. Young
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
- Neurology Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
- Neurology Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Naw May Pearl Cartee
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
- Neurology Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Jijun Chen
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
- Neurology Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
- Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Krystal Yujin Jang
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Gang Xu
- Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Jimo Borjigin
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
- Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Michael M. Wang
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
- Neurology Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
- Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Kim DH, Jung JH, Choi MY, Hwang JM, Kim SJ, Lee YH, Han SH, Choi DG, Choi HY, Choi DG, Kim DH, Lee DC, Lee SY, Lim HW, Lim HT, Lim KH, Ryu WY, Yang HK, Choi HY, Lim HT, Jung JH, Baek SH, Choi MY, Hwang JM, Kim SJ, Lee YH, Han SH, Park SH, Lee HJ, Kim SY, Lee SY, Gye HJ, Kim SY, Shin SY, Park J, Ryu WY, Park HS, Kim DH, Paik HJ, Choi DG, Lee JY, Yang HK, Oh SY, Lee SJ, Chung SA, Choi J, Oh SY, Kim M, Suh YW, Kang NY, Yum HR, Kim SA, Kim H, Han J, Cho YA, Kim H, Lew H, Lee DC, Rah SH, Yoo YJ, Lim KH, Ahn H, Kim US, Lee JH, Choung H, Kim SJ, Jeon H, Shin HJ, Han SY, Heo H, Park S, Park S, Kyung SE, Kim C, Park KA, Jung EH, Hong EH, Lim HW, Choi D, Choi YJ, Moon NJ, Lyu IJ, Cho SY. A cross-sectional study of ophthalmologic examination findings in 5385 Koreans presenting with intermittent exotropia. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1329. [PMID: 36693891 PMCID: PMC9873724 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28015-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The Korean Intermittent Exotropia Multicenter Study (KIEMS) was a retrospective, cross-sectional and multicenter study for the investigation of intermittent exotropia involved 65 strabismus specialists from 53 institutions in Korea. Purpose of this study was to present ophthalmologic findings of intermittent exotropia from the KIEMS. Consecutive patients with intermittent exotropia of ≥ 8 prism diopters (PD) at distance or near fixation were included. Best-corrected visual acuity, cycloplegic refraction data, angles of deviation at several cardinal positions, ocular dominance, fusion control, oblique muscle function, and binocular sensory outcomes were collected. A total of 5385 participants (2793 females; age 8.2 years) were included. Non-dominant eye was more myopic than the dominant eye (- 0.60 vs. - 0.47 diopters, P < 0.001). Mean exodeviation angles were 23.5 PD at distance and 25.0 PD at near fixation. Basic type (86.2%) was the most, followed by convergence insufficiency (9.4%) and divergence excess (4.4%) types. Alternating ocular dominance and good fusion control were more common at near than at distance fixation. Good stereopsis at 40 cm was observed in 49.3% in Titmus stereo test (≤ 60 arcsec) and in 71.0% in Randot stereo test (≤ 63 arcsec). Intermittent exotropia was mostly diagnosed in childhood and patients with the condition showed relatively good binocular functions. This study may provide objective findings of intermittent exotropia in a most reliable way, given that the study included a large study population and investigated comprehensive ophthalmology examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Hee Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kim's Eye Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Ho Jung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Young Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jeong-Min Hwang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Su Jin Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan Pusan National University Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Yeon-Hee Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sueng-Han Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Eye Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Gyu Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, 1, Singil-Ro, Yeongdeungpo-Gu, Seoul, 07441, Republic of Korea.
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21
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Glynos NG, Carter L, Lee SJ, Kim Y, Kennedy RT, Mashour GA, Wang MM, Borjigin J. Indolethylamine N-methyltransferase (INMT) is not essential for endogenous tryptamine-dependent methylation activity in rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:280. [PMID: 36609666 PMCID: PMC9822953 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27538-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Indolethylamine N-methyltransferase (INMT) is a transmethylation enzyme that utilizes the methyl donor S-adenosyl-L-methionine to transfer methyl groups to amino groups of small molecule acceptor compounds. INMT is best known for its role in the biosynthesis of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT), a psychedelic compound found in mammalian brain and other tissues. In mammals, biosynthesis of DMT is thought to occur via the double methylation of tryptamine, where INMT first catalyzes the biosynthesis of N-methyltryptamine (NMT) and then DMT. However, it is unknown whether INMT is necessary for the biosynthesis of endogenous DMT. To test this, we generated a novel INMT-knockout rat model and studied tryptamine methylation using radiometric enzyme assays, thin-layer chromatography, and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. We also studied tryptamine methylation in recombinant rat, rabbit, and human INMT. We report that brain and lung tissues from both wild type and INMT-knockout rats show equal levels of tryptamine-dependent activity, but that the enzymatic products are neither NMT nor DMT. In addition, rat INMT was not sufficient for NMT or DMT biosynthesis. These results suggest an alternative enzymatic pathway for DMT biosynthesis in rats. This work motivates the investigation of novel pathways for endogenous DMT biosynthesis in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas G. Glynos
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA ,grid.214458.e0000000086837370Michigan Psychedelic Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Lily Carter
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA ,grid.413800.e0000 0004 0419 7525Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Youngsoo Kim
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Robert T. Kennedy
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - George A. Mashour
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Michigan Psychedelic Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA ,grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA ,grid.214458.e0000000086837370Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Michael M. Wang
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA ,grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA ,grid.413800.e0000 0004 0419 7525Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI USA ,grid.214458.e0000000086837370Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Jimo Borjigin
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. .,Michigan Psychedelic Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. .,Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. .,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Lee EH, Lee SK, Cheon JH, Koh H, Lee JA, Kim CH, Kim JN, Lee KH, Lee SJ, Kim JH, Ahn JY, Jeong SJ, Ku NS, Yong DE, Yoon SS, Yeom JS, Choi JY. Comparing the efficacy of different methods of faecal microbiota transplantation via oral capsule, oesophagogastroduodenoscopy, colonoscopy, or gastric tube. J Hosp Infect 2023; 131:234-243. [PMID: 36414164 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) carriage poses major challenges to medicine as healthcare costs increase. Recently, faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been discussed as a novel and effective method for decolonizing MDRO. AIM To compare the efficacy of different FMT methods to optimize the success rate of decolonization in patients with MDRO carriage. METHODS This prospective cohort study enrolled patients with MDRO carriages from 2018 to 2021. Patients underwent FMT via one of the following methods: oral capsule, oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), colonoscopy, or gastric tube. FINDINGS A total of 57 patients underwent FMT for MDRO decolonization. The colonoscopy group required the shortest time for decolonization, whereas the EGD group required the longest (24.9 vs 190.4 days, P = 0.022). The decolonization rate in the oral capsule group was comparable to that in the EGD group (84.6% vs 85.7%, P = 0.730). An important clinical factor associated with decolonization failure was antibiotic use after FMT (odds ratio = 6.810, P = 0.008). All four groups showed reduced proportions of MDRO species in microbiome analysis after FMT. CONCLUSION Compared to other conventional methods, the oral capsule is an effective FMT method for patients who can tolerate an oral diet. The discontinuation of antibiotics after FMT is a key factor in the success of decolonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Lee
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S K Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J H Cheon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H Koh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Severance Pediatric Liver Disease Research Group, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J A Lee
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - C H Kim
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J N Kim
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - K H Lee
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S J Lee
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Y Ahn
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S J Jeong
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - N S Ku
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - D E Yong
- Division of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S S Yoon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J S Yeom
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Y Choi
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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23
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Magotra VK, Lee DJ, Kim DY, Lee SJ, Kang TW, Magotra A, Inamdar AI, Shrestha NK, Patil SA, Thammanu S, Jeon HC. Increasing power generation to a single-chamber compost soil urea fuel cell for carbon-neutral bioelectricity generation: A novel approach. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1086962. [PMID: 36876058 PMCID: PMC9983554 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1086962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial fuel cells (CS-UFC) utilize waste resources containing biodegradable materials that play an essential role in green energy. MFC technology generates "carbon-neutral" bioelectricity and involves a multidisciplinary approach to microbiology. MFCs will play an important role in the harvesting of "green electricity." In this study, a single-chamber urea fuel cell is fabricated that uses these different wastewaters as fuel to generate power. Soil has been used to generate electrical power in microbial fuel cells and exhibited several potential applications to optimize the device; the urea fuel concentration is varied from 0.1 to 0.5 g/mL in a single-chamber compost soil urea fuel cell (CS-UFC). The proposed CS-UFC has a high power density and is suitable for cleaning chemical waste, such as urea, as it generates power by consuming urea-rich waste as fuel. The CS-UFC generates 12 times higher power than conventional fuel cells and exhibits size-dependent behavior. The power generation increases with a shift from the coin cell toward the bulk size. The power density of the CS-UFC is 55.26 mW/m2. This result confirmed that urea fuel significantly affects the power generation of single-chamber CS-UFC. This study aimed to reveal the effect of soil properties on the generated electric power from soil processes using waste, such as urea, urine, and industrial-rich wastewater as fuel. The proposed system is suitable for cleaning chemical waste; moreover, the proposed CS-UFC is a novel, sustainable, cheap, and eco-friendly design system for soil-based bulk-type design for large-scale urea fuel cell applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verjesh Kumar Magotra
- Quantum-Functional Semiconductor Research Center, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Jin Lee
- Quantum-Functional Semiconductor Research Center, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D Y Kim
- Quantum-Functional Semiconductor Research Center, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Lee
- Quantum-Functional Semiconductor Research Center, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - T W Kang
- Quantum-Functional Semiconductor Research Center, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Arjun Magotra
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Akbar I Inamdar
- Division of Physics and Semiconductor Science, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nabeen K Shrestha
- Division of Physics and Semiconductor Science, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Nano Technology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Supriya A Patil
- Department of Nano Technology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Hee Chang Jeon
- Quantum-Functional Semiconductor Research Center, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee SJ, Kim SY, Lee DH. Analysis of Vessel Density Using OCTA in Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2022. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2022.63.12.1008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the intraocular vessel density in patients with nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).Methods: Medical records of patients with NAION were retrospectively analyzed. Their age, sex, best corrected visual acuity, color vision results, mean deviation of visual field test were analyzed. Using results of OCT and OCTA that was performed at first visit within 3 weeks of symptom onset, vessel densities in eyes with NAION were evaluated by comparing contralateral unaffected eyes. Furthermore, in only affected eyes, the correlation between visual acuity at the time of diagnosis and anatomical factors such as mean vessel density and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness was investigated.Results: Twenty-five patients (11 males and 14 females) were enrolled in this study and the mean age was 65.92 ± 9.37 years. Whole RNFL thickness in affected eye was significantly lower than that in unaffected eye (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The average peripapillary vessel density was also significantly lower in affected eyes, 45.63% ± 7.60% compared to that in the contralateral eyes, 51.44% ± 3.40% (<i>p</i> = 0.004). In analysis of only 25 affected eyes, there was no significant correlation between each sectoral peripapillary RNFL thickness and vessel density. There was also no significant correlation between the visual acuity and the vessel density and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in the ischemic peripapillary hemisphere. However, there was a significant negative correlation between the visual acuity and the un-ischemic peripapillary hemisphere with a coefficient of -0.608 (<i>p</i> = 0.001).Conclusions: The higher vessel density of nonaffected sector, the better visual acuity at the time of diagnosis in patients with NAION. Patency of blood supply in the preserved peripapillary intraretinal vessel density sector may affect the visual function.
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25
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Lee J, Park NJY, Park HY, Kim WW, Kang B, Keum H, Kim HJ, Kim WH, Chae YS, Lee SJ, Lee IH, Park JY, Jung JH. Oncologic necessity for the complete removal of residual microcalcifications after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21535. [PMID: 36513704 PMCID: PMC9748126 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24757-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The surgical range of breast cancer that shows pathologic complete response (pCR) without change in microcalcifications after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is controversial. This study examined whole breast specimens to evaluate the necessity of mastectomy in those cases. The viability of cancer cells around the residual microcalcification was assessed using prospectively collected breast samples to confirm the presence or absence of cancer cells. A total of 144 patients with breast cancer and diffuse microcalcifications were classified into the reduced mass with no change in residual microcalcification (RESMIN, n = 49) and non-RESMIN (n = 95) groups. Five specimens were prospectively evaluated to assess the presence of viable cancer cells around the microcalcification. Tumor responses to NAC were significantly better with high pCR rates in the RESMIN group (p = 0.005 and p = 0.002). The incidence of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive and triple-negative breast cancers was significantly high in the RESMIN group (p = 0.007). Although five (10.2%) patients had locoregional recurrence in the RESMIN group, no local recurrence in the breast was reported. Although pCR was highly estimated, residual cancers, including ductal carcinoma in situ, remained in 80% cases. Therefore, given the weak scientific evidence available currently, complete removal of residual microcalcifications should be considered for oncologic safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeeyeon Lee
- grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea ,grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Nora Jee-Young Park
- grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea ,grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Yong Park
- grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea ,grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Wook Kim
- grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea ,grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeongju Kang
- grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea ,grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejung Keum
- grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea ,grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jung Kim
- grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea ,grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Hwa Kim
- grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea ,grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yee Soo Chae
- grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Department of Hematology/Oncology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea ,grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Department of Hematology/Oncology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea ,grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - In Hee Lee
- grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Department of Hematology/Oncology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea ,grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Park
- grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea ,grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyang Jung
- grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea ,grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Lee SJ, Kim D, Suh CH, Shim WH, Heo H, Jo S, Chung SJ, Kim HS, Kim SJ. Detection rate of MR myelography without intrathecal gadolinium in patients with newly diagnosed spontaneous intracranial hypotension. Clin Radiol 2022; 77:848-854. [PMID: 35985843 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2022.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the detection rate of magnetic resonance (MR) myelography without intrathecal gadolinium for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage in patients with newly diagnosed spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) and to validate a published scoring system for predicting CSF leakage. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective, observational, single-institution study included patients with newly diagnosed SIH between March 2015 and April 2021. Patients were included if they (a) had newly diagnosed SIH and (b) underwent initial brain MR imaging and preprocedural MR myelography with two- and three-dimensional turbo spin-echo sequences. Patients who underwent spine surgery or procedures including epidural injection and acupuncture were excluded. The detection rate was defined as the proportion of patients with a true-positive MR myelography result among all patients with confirmed CSF leakage. The interobserver agreement for the MR myelography results between two radiologists was analysed using weighted kappa statistics. RESULTS A total of 136 patients (mean age, 48 years; 70 women) with suspected SIH were included. Of these patients, 120 (88%, 120/136) were confirmed to have CSF leakage. Of the patients with confirmed CSF leakage, 90 (75%, 90/120) had epidural fluid collection. The detection rate of MR myelography for CSF leakage was 88% (105/120). The interobserver agreement between the two readers for detecting CSF leakage (κ = 0.76) or epidural fluid collection (κ = 0.76) on MR myelography was high. Among 24 patients with normal brain MR imaging results, 16 had CSF leakage (67%, 16/24). CONCLUSIONS Non-invasive MR myelography without intrathecal gadolinium should be considered to detect CSF leakage in patients with suspected SIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Lee
- Department of Radiology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D Kim
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C H Suh
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - W H Shim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Heo
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Jo
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Chung
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim K, Lee SJ, Seo J, Suh YJ, Cho I, Hong GR, Ha JW, Kim YJ, Shim CY. Assessment of aortic valve area on cardiac computed tomography and doppler echocardiography: differences and clinical significance in symptomatic bicuspid aortic stenosis. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Backgrounds
This study aimed to investigate the differences and clinical significance of effective orifice area (EOA) on Doppler echocardiography and geometric orifice area (GOA) on cardiac computed tomography (CT) in bicuspid aortic stenosis (AS).
Methods
One-hundred sixty-three consecutive patients (age 64±10 years, 56.4% men) with symptomatic bicuspid AS who were referred for surgery and underwent both cardiac CT and echocardiography within 3 months were studied. For the aortic valve area, GOACT was measured by multiplanar CT planimetry, and EOAEcho was calculated by continuity equation with Doppler echocardiography. The associations of GOACT and EOAEcho with the patients' symptom scale, biomarkers, and left ventricular (LV) functional variables were comprehensively analyzed.
Results
There was a significant but modest correlation between EOAEcho and GOACT (r=0.604, p<0.001). Both EOAEcho and GOACT revealed significant correlations with mean pressure gradient and peak transaortic velocity and the coefficients were higher in EOAEcho than GOACT. EOAEcho of 1.05 cm2 and GOACT of 1.25 cm2 correspond to the hemodynamic cut-off values for diagnosing severe AS. EOAEcho was well correlated with patients' symptom scale and log NT-pro BNP, but GOACT was not. In addition, EOAEcho showed higher correlation coefficient with estimated LV filling pressure and LV global longitudinal strain than GOACT.
Conclusions
Both EOAEcho and GOACT can be used to evaluate the severity of bicuspid AS, however, the threshold for GOACT for diagnosing severe AS should be applied higher than that for EOAEcho. EOAEcho tends to be more correlated with the patients' symptom degree, biomarkers, and LV functional variables than GOACT.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): The Korean Cardiac Research Foundation
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kim
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S J Lee
- Severance Hospital, Radiology , Seoul , Korea (Democratic People's Republic of)
| | - J Seo
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y J Suh
- Severance Hospital, Radiology , Seoul , Korea (Democratic People's Republic of)
| | - I Cho
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - G R Hong
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J W Ha
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y J Kim
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - C Y Shim
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
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Lee B, Kim BG, Baraki TG, Kim JS, Lee YJ, Lee SJ, Hong SJ, Ahn CM, Shin DH, Kim BK, Ko YG, Choi DH, Honh MK, Jang YS. Stent expansion evaluated by optical coherence tomography and subsequent outcomes. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Regarding stent expansion indexes, previous optical coherence tomography (OCT) studies have shown minimal stent area (MSA) to be most predictive of adverse events.
Purpose
We sought to evaluate the impact of various stent expansion indexes by post-stent OCT on long-term clinical outcomes, and hence to find OCT-defined optimal stent expansion criteria.
Methods
Of the patients registered in the Yonsei OCT registry, a total of 1071 patients with 1123 native coronary artery lesions treated with new-generation drug-eluting stents under the OCT guidance and analyzable final post-stent OCT were included. Stent expansion indexes and different suboptimal stent expansion criteria were evaluated for their association with device-oriented clinical endpoints (DoCE) including cardiac death, target vessel-related myocardial infarction (TVMI) or stent thrombosis, and target lesion revascularization. Major safety events (MSE) included cardiac death, TVMI or stent thrombosis.
Results
The median follow-up period was 40.6 (interquartile range 22.0–50.0) months. As a continuous variable, MSA, adaptive volumetric stent expansion (stent volume/adaptive reference lumen volume) and overall volumetric stent expansion (stent volume/post-stent lumen volume) were significantly predictive of DoCE. As a categorical criteria, MSA <5.0 mm2 (hazard ratio [HR] 3.80; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.53–9.45), MSA/distal reference lumen area <90% (HR 2.13; 95% CI 1.10–4.14), and overall volumetric stent expansion ≥96.6% (HR 2.38; 95% CI 1.09–5.22) were independently associated with DoCE after adjusting for confounders, and a total malapposition volume ≥7.0 mm3 (HR 3.38; 95% CI 1.05–10.93) was linked to MSE.
Conclusions
This OCT study highlights that sufficient stent expansion to achieve adequate absolute MSA and relative MSA by distal reference lumen area and alleviate significant malapposition is important to improve clinical outcome, but overall stent overexpansion may have deleterious effect.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Lee
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - B G Kim
- Sanggye Paik Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - T G Baraki
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J S Kim
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y J Lee
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S J Lee
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S J Hong
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - C M Ahn
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - D H Shin
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - B K Kim
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y G Ko
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - D H Choi
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - M K Honh
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y S Jang
- Cha Bundang Medical Center, cardiology , Seongnam , Korea (Republic of)
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Lim YJ, Lee SJ. Compressive Optic Neuropathy Caused by Internal Carotid Artery Aneurysm Presenting with Concurrent Neuromyelitis Optica. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2022. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2022.63.7.648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To report a case of compressive optic neuropathy caused by an internal carotid artery aneurysm accompanied by concurrent neuromyelitis optica (NMO).Case summary: A 48-year-old female presented with sudden painless blurry vision in the inferior visual field of her right eye for 2 days. The corrected visual acuity was 0.7 in the right eye, and a relative afferent pupillary defect was observed. The visual field test demonstrated an inferior altitudinal defect in the right eye, while the color vision test was normal. However, after 5 days, she developed decreased color vision. Optic nerve enhancement in the right eye was observed on orbital magnetic resonance imaging, and anti-aquaporin-4 antibody was positive. She was diagnosed with NMO, and high-dose steroids were administered intravenously. In addition, brain magnetic resonance angiography showed a 5-mm aneurysm in the ophthalmic segment of the right internal carotid artery, which was compressing the optic nerve. Coil embolization of the aneurysm was performed. On the fourth day of steroid therapy and the first day after coiling, the corrected visual acuity in the right eye improved to 1.0. At 6-week follow-up, color vision and visual field defect also showed complete recovery.Conclusions: In this rare case of internal carotid artery aneurysm combined with NMO, early active treatment led to complete recovery of visual acuity and field defects.
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Lim YJ, Lee SJ. A Case of Choroidal Folds in a Patient with Immunoglobulin G4-related Ophthalmic Disease. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2022. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2022.63.7.620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To report a case of choroidal folds caused by enlargement of the extraocular muscles (EOM) and orbital fat in a patient with immunoglobulin (Ig) G4-related ophthalmic disease. A full recovery was achieved after steroid administration.Case summary: A 56-year-old male received intravenous high-dose steroids to treat IgG4-related ophthalmic disease presenting with bilateral eyelid edema, hypertrophy of all EOM, and mild exophthalmos. After 3 months, only slight improvement was observed and azathioprine was initiated. The patient exhibited only a minimal response over the next 2 months; all medications were therefore stopped. One month later, the patient presented with aggravation of the swelling (both eyelids), exophthalmos, and visual impairment of the left eye. The corrected vision was 1.0 in the right eye and 0.2 in the left eye; choroid folds were observed in the posterior pole of the left eye. Intravenous steroid (500 mg) was given once and oral steroids prescribed as maintenance therapy. After 2 weeks, the corrected visual acuity recovered to 1.0 in both eyes, the eyelid edema and exophthalmos improved and the choroidal folds resolved completely.Conclusions: Choroidal folds associated with enlargement of EOM and orbital fat tissue can cause visual impairment in patients with IgG4-related ophthalmic disease. Steroids are effective in the acute phases and prevent irreversible visual impairment.
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Loftus MJ, Young-Sharma T, Lee SJ, Wati S, Badoordeen GZ, Blakeway LV, Byers S, Cheng AC, Cooper BS, Cottingham H, Jenney A, Hawkey J, Macesic N, Naidu R, Prasad A, Prasad V, Tudravu L, Vakatawa T, van Gorp E, Wisniewski JA, Rafai E, Peleg AY, Stewardson AJ. Attributable Mortality and Excess Length of Stay associated with Third-Generation Cephalosporin Resistant Enterobacterales Bloodstream Infections - a prospective cohort study in Suva, Fiji. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2022; 30:286-293. [PMID: 35738385 PMCID: PMC9452645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2022.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There are scant primary clinical data on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) burden from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We adapted recent World Health Organization methodology to measure the impact of third-generation cephalosporin resistance (3GC-R) on mortality and excess length of hospital stay in Fiji. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study of inpatients with Enterobacterales bloodstream infections (BSIs) at Colonial War Memorial Hospital, Suva. We used cause-specific Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the effect of 3GC-R on the daily risk (hazard) of in-hospital mortality and being discharged alive (competing risks), and multistate modelling to estimate the excess length of hospital stay. RESULTS From July 2020 to February 2021 we identified 162 consecutive Enterobacterales BSIs, 3GC-R was present in 66 (40.7%). Crude mortality for patients with 3GC-susceptible and 3GC-R BSIs was 16.7% (16/96) and 30.3% (20/66), respectively. 3GC-R was not associated with the in-hospital mortality hazard rate (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.13, 95% CI 0.51-2.53) or being discharged alive (aHR 0.99, 95% CI 0.65-1.50), whereas Charlson comorbidity index score (aHR 1.62, 95% CI 1.36-1.93) and Pitt bacteraemia score (aHR 3.57, 95% CI 1.31-9.71) were both associated with an increased hazard rate of in-hospital mortality. 3GC-R was associated with an increased length of stay of 2.6 days (95% CI 2.5-2.8). 3GC-R was more common among hospital-associated infections, but genomics did not identify clonal transmission. CONCLUSION Patients with Enterobacterales BSIs in Fiji had high mortality. There were high rates of 3GC-R, which was associated with increased hospital length of stay but not with in-hospital mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Loftus
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - S J Lee
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S Wati
- Colonial War Memorial Hospital, Suva, Fiji
| | - G Z Badoordeen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - L V Blakeway
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Smh Byers
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A C Cheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - B S Cooper
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, The United Kingdom; Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - H Cottingham
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Awj Jenney
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji
| | - J Hawkey
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - N Macesic
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Centre to Impact AMR, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R Naidu
- Colonial War Memorial Hospital, Suva, Fiji
| | - A Prasad
- Colonial War Memorial Hospital, Suva, Fiji
| | - V Prasad
- Colonial War Memorial Hospital, Suva, Fiji
| | - L Tudravu
- Colonial War Memorial Hospital, Suva, Fiji
| | - T Vakatawa
- Colonial War Memorial Hospital, Suva, Fiji
| | - E van Gorp
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J A Wisniewski
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - E Rafai
- Fiji Ministry of Health and Medical Services, Suva, Fiji
| | - A Y Peleg
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.
| | - A J Stewardson
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
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Na JH, Lee SJ. Interocular differences in subfoveal choroidal thickness in monocular intermittent exotropia. J AAPOS 2022; 26:127.e1-127.e5. [PMID: 35525387 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether subfoveal choroidal thickness and central foveal thickness differ according to the presence of fixation preference in patients with intermittent exotropia without anisometropia or amblyopia. METHODS Children ≥4 years of age with either monocular (fixation preference) or alternating intermittent exotropia on three consecutive visits who had no anisometropia, no amblyopia, and spherical equivalent of ± 1.25 D or less in both eyes were recruited for this study. Subfoveal choroidal thickness and central foveal thickness, measured using spectral domain optical coherence tomography, in the monocular group and the alternating group were compared. RESULTS A total of 81 patients were enrolled: 46 in the monocular exotropia group and 35 in the alternating exotropia group. The interocular difference in subfoveal choroidal thickness was -11.0 ± 18.0 μm in the monocular group (dominant eye - nondominant eye) and 1.9 ± 22.2 μm in the alternating group (right eye - left eye). The difference between groups was statistically significant (P = 0.005). The interocular difference in central foveal thickness was 1.1 ± 5.7 μm in the monocular group (dominant eye - nondominant eye) and 0.9 ± 5.0 μm in the alternating group (right eye - left eye). The difference between groups was not significant. CONCLUSIONS In patients with intermittent exotropia without amblyopia, the difference in subfoveal choroidal thickness between the eyes in the monocular group was significantly greater than that between eyes in the alternating group. These findings suggest the presence or absence of fixation preference may affect subfoveal choroidal thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Ho Na
- Department of Ophthalmology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
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Park GM, Lee SJ, Seo JY, Lim KI. A case of maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 4 in Korea. Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2022:apem.2142188.094. [PMID: 35592899 DOI: 10.6065/apem.2142188.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a rare, autosomal dominant disease characterized by non-ketogenic diabetes mellitus (DM). MODY type 4, caused by PDX1 mutation, is a very rare subtype of MODY, especially in Korea. We report a case of a 10-year-old, non-obese girl with a family history of type 2 DM. After diagnosis, the patient's serum glucose levels were well controlled using metformin monotherapy; however, the HbA1c level increased to 9.0%, approximately two years after treatment. No obesity or lifestyle problems were observed, and serum fasting C-peptide levels were within the normal range. Furthermore, no islet-related autoantibodies were detected. A genetic screening for MODY using a next-generation sequencing panel was performed, and a likely heterozygous pathogenic PDX1 mutation (p.Gly246ArgfsTer21) was identified. The PDX1 variant was not detected in her mother, implying that the mutation had arisen de novo in the proband. She was prescribed insulin degludec in addition to metformin therapy, which improved her hyperglycemia. This report presents a novel MODY type 4 phenotype and highlights the importance of genetic screening in patients with MODY characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geu-Meum Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon , Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University Hospital, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Ja Young Seo
- Department of Laboratory medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Kyung In Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon , Korea
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Young KZ, Rojas Ramírez C, Keep SG, Gatti JR, Lee SJ, Zhang X, Ivanova MI, Ruotolo BT, Wang MM. Oligomerization, trans-reduction, and instability of mutant NOTCH3 in inherited vascular dementia. Commun Biol 2022; 5:331. [PMID: 35393494 PMCID: PMC8991201 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03259-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is a prevalent disease of aging and a major contributor to stroke and dementia. The most commonly inherited SVD, CADASIL, is caused by dominantly acting cysteine-altering mutations in NOTCH3. These mutations change the number of cysteines from an even to an odd number, but the impact of these alterations on NOTCH3 protein structure remain unclear. Here, we prepared wildtype and four mutant recombinant NOTCH3 protein fragments to analyze the impact of CADASIL mutations on oligomerization, thiol status, and protein stability. Using gel electrophoresis, tandem MS/MS, and collision-induced unfolding, we find that NOTCH3 mutant proteins feature increased amounts of inappropriate disulfide bridges, reduced cysteines, and structural instability. Presence of a second protein factor, an N-terminal fragment of NOTCH3 (NTF), is capable of further altering disulfide statuses of both wildtype and mutant proteins, leading to increased numbers of reduced cysteines and further destabilization of NOTCH3 structure. In sum, these studies identify specific cysteine residues alterations and quaternary structure induced by CADASIL mutations in NOTCH3; further, we validate that reductive factors alter the structure and stability of this small vessel disease protein. Specific cysteine residue alterations and quaternary structures are induced by CADASIL mutations in NOTCH3, which are found to induce oligomeric states, altered disulphide bonding, increased free thiols and reduced protein stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Z Young
- Departments of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5622, USA.,Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5622, USA
| | | | - Simon G Keep
- Departments of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5622, USA
| | - John R Gatti
- The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Departments of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5622, USA
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- Departments of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5622, USA
| | - Magdalena I Ivanova
- Departments of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5622, USA.,Biophysics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Brandon T Ruotolo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Michael M Wang
- Departments of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5622, USA. .,Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5622, USA. .,Neurology Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA.
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Lee J, Park NJY, Kang B, Jung JH, Kim WW, Chae YS, Lee SJ, Kim HJ, Park JY, Park HY. Higher Pathological Complete Response Rate of Less than 10 Total Axillary Lymph Nodes After Axillary Lymph Node Dissection Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer. Front Surg 2022; 9:678169. [PMID: 35433822 PMCID: PMC9008405 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.678169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) guideline recommends the evaluation of ≥10 axillary lymph nodes (ALN) in patients with breast cancer to assess the N stage. However, the total ALN count in ALN dissection (ALND) often decreases after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer. The authors compared clinicopathological factors and oncological outcomes between <10 vs. ≥10 ALNs after ALND following neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer.MethodsData of 159 patients with breast cancer, treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and ALND, were reviewed, and the cases were classified into two groups (<10 vs. ≥10 ALN count). The treatment response was determined based on the RECIST 1.1 criteria, and histopathological regression of the tumor was assessed based on the Miller-Payne grading scales.ResultsMost of the clinical and pathological factors did not demonstrate any significant differences between the two groups. However, the pathological complete response (pCR) rate in breast lesion and ALNs were the higher trend in the group with <10 ALNs. During the 88-month follow-up period, there was no significant difference in locoregional recurrence, distant metastasis, or overall survival.ConclusionsAlthough there was a limitation due to different sample sizes, additional axillary surgery may not be necessary even in cases with <10 total ALNs after ALND, following neoadjuvant chemotherapy because the lymph nodes are more likely to have been regressed themselves due to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and the residual lymph nodes may be absent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeeyeon Lee
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
- Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Nora Jee-Young Park
- Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Byeongju Kang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
- Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jin Hyang Jung
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
- Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Wan Wook Kim
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
- Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yee Soo Chae
- Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hye Jung Kim
- Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ji-Young Park
- Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
- Ji-Young Park
| | - Ho Yong Park
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
- Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Ho Yong Park
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Mahmoud AH, Masters M, Lee SJ, Lill MA. Accurate Sampling of Macromolecular Conformations Using Adaptive Deep Learning and Coarse-Grained Representation. J Chem Inf Model 2022; 62:1602-1617. [PMID: 35352898 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.1c01438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Conformational sampling of protein structures is essential for understanding biochemical functions and for predicting thermodynamic properties such as free energies. Where previous approaches rely on sequential sampling procedures, recent developments in generative deep neural networks rendered possible the parallel, statistically independent sampling of molecular configurations. To be able to accurately generate samples of large molecular systems from a high-dimensional multimodal equilibrium distribution function, we developed a hierarchical approach based on expressive normalizing flows with rational quadratic neural splines and coarse-grained representation. Furthermore, system specific priors and adaptive and property-based controlled learning was designed to diminish the likelihood for the generation of high-energy structures during sampling. Finally, backmapping from a coarse-grained to fully atomistic representation is performed through an equivariant transformer model. We demonstrate the applicability of the method on the one-shot configurational sampling of a protein system with more than a hundred amino acids. The results show enhanced expressivity that diminish the invertibility constraints inherent in the normalizing flow framework. Moreover, the capacity of the hierarchical normalizing flow model was tested on a challenging case study of the folding/unfolding dynamics of the peptide chignolin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr H Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Matthew Masters
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus A Lill
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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Cartee NMP, Lee SJ, Young KZ, Zhang X, Wang MM. Trans-Reduction of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Proteins by Notch-Derived EGF-like Sequences. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073671. [PMID: 35409031 PMCID: PMC9115637 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cysteine oxidation states of extracellular proteins participate in functional regulation and in disease pathophysiology. In the most common inherited dementia, cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), mutations in NOTCH3 that alter extracellular cysteine number have implicated NOTCH3 cysteine states as potential triggers of cerebral vascular smooth muscle cytopathology. In this report, we describe a novel property of the second EGF-like domain of NOTCH3: its capacity to alter the cysteine redox state of the NOTCH3 ectodomain. Synthetic peptides corresponding to this sequence (NOTCH3 N-terminal fragment 2, NTF2) readily reduce NOTCH3 N-terminal ectodomain polypeptides in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. Furthermore, NTF2 preferentially reduces regional domains of NOTCH3 with the highest intensity against EGF-like domains 12–15. This process requires cysteine residues of NTF2 and is also capable of targeting selected extracellular proteins that include TSP2 and CTSH. CADASIL mutations in NOTCH3 increase susceptibility to NTF2-facilitated reduction and to trans-reduction by NOTCH3 produced in cells. Moreover, NTF2 forms complexes with the NOTCH3 ectodomain, and cleaved NOTCH3 co-localizes with the NOTCH3 ectodomain in cerebral arteries of CADASIL patients. The potential for NTF2 to reduce vascular proteins and the enhanced preference for it to trans-reduce mutant NOTCH3 implicate a role for protein trans-reduction in cerebrovascular pathological states such as CADASIL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naw May Pearl Cartee
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (N.M.P.C.); (S.J.L.); (K.Z.Y.); (X.Z.)
- Neurology Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (N.M.P.C.); (S.J.L.); (K.Z.Y.); (X.Z.)
- Neurology Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Kelly Z. Young
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (N.M.P.C.); (S.J.L.); (K.Z.Y.); (X.Z.)
- Neurology Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (N.M.P.C.); (S.J.L.); (K.Z.Y.); (X.Z.)
- Neurology Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Michael M. Wang
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (N.M.P.C.); (S.J.L.); (K.Z.Y.); (X.Z.)
- Neurology Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-734-936-9075; Fax: +1-734-936-8813
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Lee SJ, Lee S. Clinical utility of response time in speech audiometry in elderly with mild cognitive impairment. Int J Audiol 2022; 62:418-423. [PMID: 35289698 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2022.2047234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated whether verbal response time (RT) as a measure of listening effort in speech audiometry could be an indicator for identifying elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). DESIGN Korean sentence recognition tests were conducted in favourable (+5 dB signal-to-noise ratio [SNR]) and adverse (-5 dB SNR) conditions in the presence of noise. Sentence recognition scores (SRSs) and RTs for the two groups were measured and analysed with other demographic variables. STUDY SAMPLES Fourteen elderly adults who were diagnosed with MCI and 14 age-matched adults with normal cognition participated in this study. RESULTS No statistical difference was found between the SRSs of the two groups. RTs for the MCI elderly were significantly longer than the control group. We found significant correlations of RTs with SRSs, Korean Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE) scores, and age at -5 dB SNR. Only the SRSs were correlated with the RTs at +5 dB SNR. CONCLUSIONS This study found that elderly individuals with MCI need a longer time for sentence recognition in noise. These findings suggest that measuring RT in speech audiometry could potentially be a cost-effective and time-saving method that could characterise elderly with MCI at hearing-care clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, Tongmyong University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungmin Lee
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, Tongmyong University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Kang B, Lee JH, Lee J, Jung JH, Kim WW, Chu G, Chae Y, Lee SJ, Lee IH, Yang JD, Lee JS, Park HY. Comparative Study Between Radioisotope Uptake and Fluorescence Intensity of Indocyanine Green for Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Breast Cancer. J Breast Cancer 2022; 25:244-252. [PMID: 35775703 PMCID: PMC9250879 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2022.25.e27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, several breast surgeons have reported a new method for sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) by using indocyanine green (ICG) with infrared camera. This study aimed to determine whether the lymph nodes (LNs) with ICG uptake are true SLNs and to assess the reliability of using only ICG for SLNB. Data were prospectively collected between April and September 2021. All palpable LNs were fat-trimmed and ordered from high to low signal of the gamma detector. The degree of radioisotope uptake and brightness of ICG staining of the axillary LNs detected with a fluorescent camera were compared and associated factors were analyzed. Discordance was defined as sentinel LNs (SLNs) showing a single uptake of radioisotope or fluorescence of ICG only, or when the orders of uptake and intensity degree were different between the 2 materials. A total of 79 SLNBs were performed on 78 patients with breast cancer. The breast cancer was classified as cTis-2N0-1. The discordance rate was 14/79 (17.7%) overall and 45/270 (16.7%) of the total retrieved axillary LNs. The first SLNs showed the lowest discordance rate of 6.3%, whereas the second and third SLNs showed higher discordance rates of 27.6% and 60.0%, respectively. There were no associated clinicopathologic factors that affected the discordance between uptake of radioisotope and fluorescence intensity of ICG. The use of ICG alone for SLNB may be insufficient because of the high discordance rates between radioisotopes and ICG uptake. However, the first SLN could be cautiously regarded as a true SLN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeongju Kang
- Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jong Ho Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jeeyeon Lee
- Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jin Hyang Jung
- Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Wan Wook Kim
- Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Gyoyeong Chu
- Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yeesoo Chae
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - In Hee Lee
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung Dug Yang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Joon Seok Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ho Yong Park
- Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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Lee J, Jung JH, Kim WW, Kang B, Woo J, Rim HD, Chae YS, Lee SJ, Kim GH, Lee WK, Park HY. Short-term serial assessment of electronic patient-reported outcome for depression and anxiety in breast Cancer. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:1065. [PMID: 34587936 PMCID: PMC8479978 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08771-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The incidence of depression and anxiety is higher in patients with breast cancer than in the general population. We evaluated the degree of depression and anxiety and investigated the changes in patients with breast cancer during the treatment period and short-term follow-up period. Methods Overall, 137 patients with breast cancer were evaluated using the Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item depression scale (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7). The scales were developed as a web-based electronic patient-reported outcome measure, and serial results were assessed before the operation, after the operation, in the post-treatment period, and in the 6-month follow-up period after surgery. Results The degree of depression and anxiety increased during treatment and decreased at 6-month follow-up, even if there were no statistical differences among the four periods (PHQ-9: p = 0.128; GAD-7: p = 0.786). However, daily fatigue (PHQ-9 Q4) and insomnia (PHQ-9 Q3) were the most serious problems encountered during treatment and at 6-month follow-up, respectively. In the GAD-7, worrying too much (Q3) consistently showed the highest scores during the treatment and follow-up periods. Of the patients, 7 (5.11%) and 11 (8.03%) patients had a worsened state of depression and anxiety, respectively, after treatment compared with before treatment. Conclusion Most factors associated with depression and anxiety improved after treatment. However, factors such as insomnia and worrying too much still disturbed patients with breast cancer, even at 6-month follow-up. Therefore, serial assessment of depression and anxiety is necessary for such patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08771-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeeyeon Lee
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyang Jung
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Wook Kim
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeongju Kang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungmin Woo
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Deog Rim
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yee Soo Chae
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Won Kee Lee
- Department of Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, KyungPook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Yong Park
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, 41404, Republic of Korea.
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Jung DH, Lee SJ. Prevalence of Ophthalmic Manifestations Related to Tourette Syndrome Based on Big Data. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2021. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2021.62.9.1269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of ophthalmic manifestations in patients with Tourette syndrome using big data based on samples extracted from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. Methods: The study participants included Korean patients under the age of 18 years who had received a Tourette syndrome diagnostic code (F95.2) between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2016. Ophthalmic manifestations reported to be related to Tourette syndrome such as tic disorder, blepharospasm, involuntary gaze abnormality, and strabismus were selected as ophthalmic clinical diagnostic codes; amblyopia and refractive errors that had never been investigated in conjunction with Tourette syndrome were also selected. Prevalence was investigated using big data. Results: A total of 3,643 Tourette syndrome patients (2,777 men and 866 women) were included in the study. The number of patients receiving a tic disorder diagnostic code was 3,643 (100%); blepharospasm, 48 (1.3%); involuntary gaze abnormalities, 9 (0.2%); and strabismus, 109 (3%). In addition, the number of patients receiving an amblyopia diagnostic code was 29 (0.8%), and the number of patients with a refractive errors code was 1,306 (35.8%). Conclusions: Tourette syndrome can be accompanied by several ophthalmic manifestations. Thus, cooperation between a neuropsychiatrist and an ophthalmologist, and regular ophthalmological examinations, are considered necessary.
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Zhang X, Lee SJ, Wang MM. Hydrolysis of a second Asp-Pro site at the N-terminus of NOTCH3 in inherited vascular dementia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17246. [PMID: 34446744 PMCID: PMC8390697 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96679-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebrovascular pathology at the biochemical level has been informed by the study of cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), a vascular disorder caused by NOTCH3 mutations. Previous work in CADASIL described N-terminal proteolysis of NOTCH3 generated by specific non-enzymatic cleavage of the first Asp-Pro sequence of the protein. Here, we investigated whether the second Asp-Pro peptide bond (residues 121–122) of NOTCH3 is cleaved in CADASIL. Monospecific antibodies were generated that recognize the neo-epitope predicted to be generated by cleavage after Asp121. These antibodies were used to localize cleavage events at Asp121 in post-mortem CADASIL and control brain tissue and to investigate factors that regulate cleavage at Asp121. We report that cleavage at Asp121 occurs at a high level in the arterial media of CADASIL cerebral arteries. Leptomeningeal arteries demonstrated substantially more cleavage product than penetrating arteries in the white matter, and control vessels harbored only a small amount of cleaved NOTCH3. Proteolysis at Asp121 occurred in purified preparations of NOTCH3 ectodomain, was increased by acidic pH and reductive conditions, and required native protein conformation for cleavage. Increasing the concentration of NOTCH3 EGF-like domain protein elevated the level of proteolysis. On the other hand, several polyanionic chemicals potently blocked cleavage at Asp121. These studies demonstrate that the NOTCH3 protein in CADASIL is cleaved in multiple locations at labile Asp-Pro peptide bonds. As such, chronic brain vascular disease, like other neurodegenerative conditions, features proteolysis of pathological proteins at multiple sites which may generate small pathological peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 7725 Medical Science Building II Box 5622, 1137 Catherine St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5622, USA.,Neurology Service, Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 7725 Medical Science Building II Box 5622, 1137 Catherine St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5622, USA.,Neurology Service, Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Michael M Wang
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 7725 Medical Science Building II Box 5622, 1137 Catherine St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5622, USA. .,Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. .,Neurology Service, Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA.
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Lee IH, Koh SA, Lee SJ, Lee SA, Cho YY, Lee JY, Kim JY. Treatment decision for cancer patients with fever during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Yeungnam Univ J Med 2021; 38:344-349. [PMID: 34420277 PMCID: PMC8688784 DOI: 10.12701/yujm.2021.01144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer patients have been disproportionally affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, with high rates of severe outcomes and mortality. Fever is the most common symptom in COVID-19 patients. During the COVID-19 pandemic, physicians may have difficulty in determining the cause of fever (COVID-19, another infection, or cancer fever) in cancer patients. Furthermore, there are no specific guidelines for managing cancer patients with fever during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, this study evaluated the clinical characteristics and outcomes of cancer patients with fever during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This study retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 328 cancer patients with COVID-19 symptoms (fever) admitted to five hospitals in Daegu, Korea from January to October 2020. We obtained data on demographics, clinical manifestations, laboratory test results, chest computed tomography images, cancer history, cancer treatment, and outcomes of all enrolled patients from electronic medical records. Results The most common COVID-19-like symptoms were fever (n=256, 78%). Among 256 patients with fever, only three (1.2%) were diagnosed with COVID-19. Most patients (253, 98.8%) with fever were not diagnosed with COVID-19. The most common solid malignancies were lung cancer (65, 19.8%) and hepatobiliary cancer (61, 18.6%). Twenty patients with fever experienced a delay in receiving cancer treatment. Eighteen patients discontinued active cancer treatment because of fever. Major events during the treatment delay period included death (2.7%), cancer progression (1.5%), and major organ dysfunction (2.7%). Conclusion Considering that only 0.9% of patients tested for COVID-19 were positive, screening for COVID-19 in cancer patients with fever should be based on the physician’s clinical decision, and patients might not be routinely tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Hee Lee
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sung Ae Koh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University Hospital, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sun Ah Lee
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Daegu Fatima Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yoon Young Cho
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University Shcool of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Lee
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
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Lim YJ, Lee SJ. One-and-a-half Syndrome Associated with Multiple Sclerosis in a 14-year-old Girl. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2021. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2021.62.8.1155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To report the case of a 14-year-old female patient with one-and-a-half syndrome subsequently diagnosed with multiple sclerosis involving the pons.Case summary: A 14-year-old girl without any underlying disease presented with difficulty focusing and mild headache for 5 days. The patient showed conjugate gaze palsy to the left, limited adduction in the left eye, and abducting nystagmus in the right eye, which indicated one-and-half syndrome. T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple punctate hyperintensities in the pontine tegmentum, bilateral cerebral white matter, and cerebellum. Cerebrospinal fluid examination revealed oligoclonal bands and multiple sclerosis was diagnosed. The patient was treated with intravenous steroids and beta-interferon. Seven weeks later, limitation of eyeball movement and nystagmus had resolved completely.Conclusions: At the young age of 14 years, a patient presenting with one-and-a-half syndrome was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Children with multiple sclerosis may experience severe physical and cognitive impairments, and brainstem involvement predicts an especially poor prognosis. Early diagnosis and active treatment may help to prevent poor outcomes.
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Park NJY, Jeong JY, Park JY, Kim HJ, Park CS, Lee J, Park HY, Jung JH, Kim WW, Chae YS, Lee SJ, Kim WH. Peritumoral edema in breast cancer at preoperative MRI: an interpretative study with histopathological review toward understanding tumor microenvironment. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12992. [PMID: 34155253 PMCID: PMC8217499 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92283-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Peritumoral edema (PE) of breast cancer at T2-weighted MR images is considered a poor prognostic sign and may represent the microenvironment surrounding the tumor; however, its histopathological mechanism remains unclear. The purpose of the study was to identify and describe detailed histopathological characteristics associated with PE at preoperative breast MRI in breast cancer patients. This retrospective study included breast cancer patients who had undergone preoperative MRI and surgery between January 2011 and December 2012. Two radiologists determined the presence of PE in consensus based on the signal intensity surrounding the tumor at T2-weighted images. The following detailed histopathological characteristics were reviewed by two breast pathologists using four-tiered grades; lymphovascular invasion, vessel ectasia, stromal fibrosis, growth pattern, and tumor budding. Tumor necrosis and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes were assessed using a percent scale. Baseline clinicopathological characteristics, including age and histologic grade, were collected. The associations between detailed histopathologic characteristics and PE were examined using multivariable logistic regression with odds ratio (OR) calculation. A total of 136 women (median age, 49 ± 9 years) were assessed; among them 34 (25.0%) had PE. After adjustment of baseline clinicopathological characteristics that were significantly associated with PE (age, T stage, N stage, histologic grade, and subtype, all Ps < 0.05), lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.009), vessel ectasia (P = 0.021), stromal fibrosis (P = 0.024), growth pattern (P = 0.036), and tumor necrosis (P < 0.001) were also associated with PE. In comparison with patients without PE, patients with PE were more likely to have a higher degree of lymphovascular invasion (OR, 2.9), vessel ectasia (OR, 3.3), stromal fibrosis (OR, 2.5), lesser degree of infiltrative growth pattern (OR, 0.4), and higher portion of tumor necrosis (OR, 1.4). PE of breast cancer at MRI is associated with detailed histopathological characteristics of lymphovascular invasion, vessel ectasia, stromal fibrosis, growth pattern, and tumor necrosis, suggesting a relevance for tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Jee-Young Park
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ji Yun Jeong
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ji Young Park
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hye Jung Kim
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Chan Sub Park
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jeeyeon Lee
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ho Yong Park
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jin Hyang Jung
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Wan Wook Kim
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yee Soo Chae
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Won Hwa Kim
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea.
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Na JH, Lee SJ. Change in Contrast Sensitivity after Surgery for Consecutive Esotropia. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2021. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2021.62.6.826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Yen I, Shanahan F, Lee J, Hong YS, Shin SJ, Moore AR, Sudhamsu J, Chang MT, Bae I, Dela Cruz D, Hunsaker T, Klijn C, Liau NPD, Lin E, Martin SE, Modrusan Z, Piskol R, Segal E, Venkatanarayan A, Ye X, Yin J, Zhang L, Kim JS, Lim HS, Kim KP, Kim YJ, Han HS, Lee SJ, Kim ST, Jung M, Hong YH, Noh YS, Choi M, Han O, Nowicka M, Srinivasan S, Yan Y, Kim TW, Malek S. ARAF mutations confer resistance to the RAF inhibitor belvarafenib in melanoma. Nature 2021; 594:418-423. [PMID: 33953400 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03515-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although RAF monomer inhibitors (type I.5, BRAF(V600)) are clinically approved for the treatment of BRAFV600-mutant melanoma, they are ineffective in non-BRAFV600 mutant cells1-3. Belvarafenib is a potent and selective RAF dimer (type II) inhibitor that exhibits clinical activity in patients with BRAFV600E- and NRAS-mutant melanomas. Here we report the first-in-human phase I study investigating the maximum tolerated dose, and assessing the safety and preliminary efficacy of belvarafenib in BRAFV600E- and RAS-mutated advanced solid tumours (NCT02405065, NCT03118817). By generating belvarafenib-resistant NRAS-mutant melanoma cells and analysing circulating tumour DNA from patients treated with belvarafenib, we identified new recurrent mutations in ARAF within the kinase domain. ARAF mutants conferred resistance to belvarafenib in both a dimer- and a kinase activity-dependent manner. Belvarafenib induced ARAF mutant dimers, and dimers containing mutant ARAF were active in the presence of inhibitor. ARAF mutations may serve as a general resistance mechanism for RAF dimer inhibitors as the mutants exhibit reduced sensitivity to a panel of type II RAF inhibitors. The combination of RAF plus MEK inhibition may be used to delay ARAF-driven resistance and suggests a rational combination for clinical use. Together, our findings reveal specific and compensatory functions for the ARAF isoform and implicate ARAF mutations as a driver of resistance to RAF dimer inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Yen
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Frances Shanahan
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jeeyun Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Intelligence Precision Healthcare Convergence, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Yong Sang Hong
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Joon Shin
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Amanda R Moore
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jawahar Sudhamsu
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Structural Biology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matthew T Chang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Inhwan Bae
- Department of New Chemical Entity Discovery, Hanmi Research Center, Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Darlene Dela Cruz
- Department of Translational Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Thomas Hunsaker
- Department of Translational Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christiaan Klijn
- Department of Bioinformatics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas P D Liau
- Department of Structural Biology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Eva Lin
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Scott E Martin
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Zora Modrusan
- Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics and Lipidomics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Robert Piskol
- Department of Bioinformatics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ehud Segal
- Department of Translational Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Xin Ye
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jianping Yin
- Department of Structural Biology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Liangxuan Zhang
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jin-Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeong-Seok Lim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyu-Pyo Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yu Jung Kim
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Hye Sook Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Seung Tae Kim
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minkyu Jung
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon-Hee Hong
- Department of Clinical Research and Development, Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Su Noh
- Department of Clinical Research and Development, Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Munjeong Choi
- Department of Clinical Research and Development, Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Oakpil Han
- Department of Clinical Research and Development, Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Malgorzata Nowicka
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shrividhya Srinivasan
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yibing Yan
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tae Won Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Shiva Malek
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Lee SJ, Chae YS, Lee J, Kang J, Kim EA, Jung JH, Park HY, Lee IH. MELK is a downstream target of Del-1 and promotes breast cancer progression. J Clin Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e12578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e12578 Background: Del-1 is a promising prognostic marker for breast cancer in our previous study. However, the downstream targets and biological effectors of Del-1 remain unclear and still untargetable in breast cancer. We performed transcriptome analysis using RNA-seq and explored the mechanism of Del-1 in regulating the progression of breast cancer to find druggable target. Methods: Total RNA was isolated using RNAiso Plus (TaKaRa, Otsu, Shiga, Japan), Libraries were prepared from total RNA using the NEBNext Ultra II Directional RNA-Seq Kit. High-throughput sequencing was performed as paired-end 100 sequencing using NovaSeq 6000 (Illumina, Inc., USA). OTSSP167(OTS167) were treated for inhibition of MELK. The effects of MELK on cell proliferation, invasion were determined using MTT, Matrigel Transwell assays. The tumoral expression of Del-1 and MELK were determined based on tissue microarrays and immunohistochemistry results from 440 early breast cancer patients. Results: To investigate Del-1 downregulation effect on breast cancer, we performed RNA-seq of Del-1 knock downed MDA-MB-231 and MCF 7-Tamoxifen resistant (TamR) cell line. Compared with si-control, MELK gene were downregulated in both knock downed cell lines. While a high Del-1 and MELK mRNA expressions were found in all the breast cancer cell lines, both expressions were significantly higher in MDA MB-231. MELK inhibitor (OTS167) treatment to breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and MCF 7-TamR showed similar results as Del-1 down regulation by si-RNA. Inhibition of MELK suppressed proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cell line. Tumoral MELK expression correlate with increased aggressiveness and poor clinical outcomes in 440 breast cancer patients. Conclusions: Our results indicate that Del-1 may regulate MELK expression which has a role in breast cancer progression. In conclusion, modulation of Del-1 status by targeting MELK may be a new therapeutic strategy for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yee Soo Chae
- Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jeeyeon Lee
- Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jieun Kang
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Eun Ae Kim
- Exosome Convergence Research Center, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jin Hyang Jung
- Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ho Yong Park
- Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - In Hee Lee
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
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Jung DH, Lee SJ. Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Accompanying Appositional Angle-closure Glaucoma Mimicking Glaucomatocyclitic Crisis. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2021. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2021.62.5.724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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50
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Lee J, Park HY, Kim WW, Park CS, Lee RK, Kim HJ, Kim WH, Lee SW, Jeong SY, Chae YS, Lee SJ, Park JY, Park JY, Jung JH. Value of accurate diagnosis for metastatic supraclavicular lymph nodes in breast cancer: assessment with neck US, CT, and 18F-FDG PET/CT. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 27:323-328. [PMID: 34003120 DOI: 10.5152/dir.2021.20190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neck ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) are all known to be useful imaging modalities for detecting supraclavicular lymph node (SCN) metastasis in breast cancer. The authors compared the diagnostic values of neck US, CT, and PET/CT in the detection of SCN metastasis in breast cancer. METHODS SCN metastases identified in neck US, CT, or PET/CT during follow-up visits of patients with breast cancer were pathologically confirmed with the use of US-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology. The clinicopathological factors of the patients were analyzed, and the statistical parameters including sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, false-positive and false-negative rates, and accuracy of neck US, CT, and PET/CT were compared. RESULTS Among 32 cases of suspicious SCNs, 24 were pathologically confirmed as metastasis of breast cancer. The sensitivity of US + CT was 91.7%, which was the same as that of PET/CT, while the sensitivity rates of US alone and CT alone were 87.5% and 83.3%, respectively. Accuracy was 99.8% in PET/CT alone and 98.1% in US + CT. The false-negative rate was 0.1% in US + PET/CT, while it was 0.2% in PET/CT and US + CT, 0.3% in US alone and 0.4% in CT alone. CONCLUSION PET/CT can be the first choice for detecting SCN metastases in breast cancer. However, if PET/CT is unavailable for any reason, US + CT could be a good second option to avoid false-negative results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeeyeon Lee
- Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Yong Park
- Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Wook Kim
- Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Sub Park
- Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ryu Kyung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jung Kim
- Department of Radiology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Hwa Kim
- Department of Radiology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Young Jeong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yee Soo Chae
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea;Department of Hemato-Oncology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Park
- Department of Pathology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Young Park
- Department of Pathology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyang Jung
- Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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