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Manshori M, Kazemnejad S, Naderi N, Darzi M, Aboutaleb N, Golshahi H. Greater angiogenic and immunoregulatory potency of bFGF and 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine pre-treated menstrual blood stem cells in compare to bone marrow stem cells in rat model of myocardial infarction. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022; 22:578. [PMID: 36587199 PMCID: PMC9805241 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-022-03032-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study is designed to compare the menstrual blood stem cells (MenSCs) and bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs)-secreted factors with or without pre-treatment regimen using basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza) and also regenerative capacity of pre-treated MenSCs and/or BMSCs in a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS BMSCs and MenSCs were pre-treated with bFGF and 5-aza for 48 h and we compared the paracrine activity by western blotting. Furthermore, MI model was created and the animals were divided into sham, MI, pre-treated BMSCs, and pre-treated MenSCs groups. The stem cells were administrated via tail vain. 35 days post-MI, serum and tissue were harvested for further investigations. RESULTS Following pre-treatment, vascular endothelium growth factor, hypoxia-inducible factor-1, stromal cell-derived factor-1, and hepatocyte growth factor were significantly increased in secretome of MenSCs in compared to BMSCs. Moreover, systemic administration of pre-treated MenSCs, leaded to improvement of cardiac function, preservation of myocardium from further subsequent injuries, promotion the angiogenesis, and reduction the level of NF-κB expression in compared to the pre-treated BMSCs. Also, pre-treated MenSCs administration significantly decreased the serum level of Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) in compared to the pre-treated BMSCs and MI groups. CONCLUSIONS bFGF and 5-aza pre-treated MenSCs offer superior cardioprotection compare to bFGF and 5-aza pre-treated BMSCs following MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Manshori
- grid.417689.5Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somaieh Kazemnejad
- grid.417689.5Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Naderi
- grid.411746.10000 0004 4911 7066Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Darzi
- grid.417689.5Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Aboutaleb
- grid.411746.10000 0004 4911 7066Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411746.10000 0004 4911 7066Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hannaneh Golshahi
- grid.417689.5Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Sanchez-Mata A, Gonzalez-Muñoz E. Understanding menstrual blood-derived stromal/stem cells: Definition and properties. Are we rushing into their therapeutic applications? iScience 2021; 24:103501. [PMID: 34917895 PMCID: PMC8646170 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells with mesenchymal stem cell properties have been identified in menstrual blood and termed menstrual blood-derived stem/stromal cells (MenSCs). MenSCs have been proposed as ideal candidates for cell-based therapy in regenerative medicine and immune-related diseases. However, MenSCs identity has been loosely defined so far and there is controversy regarding their cell markers and differentiation potential. In this review, we outline the origin of MenSCs in the context of regenerating human endometrium, with attention to endometrial eMSCs as reference cells to understand MenSCs. We summarize the cell identity markers analyzed and the immunomodulatory and reparative properties reported. We also address the recent use of MenSCs in cell reprogramming. The main goal of this review is to contribute to the understanding of the identity and properties of MenSCs as well as to identify potential caveats and new venues that deserve to be explored to strengthen their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Sanchez-Mata
- Andalusian Laboratory of Cell Reprogramming (LARCel), Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology-BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, University of Malaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Elena Gonzalez-Muñoz
- Andalusian Laboratory of Cell Reprogramming (LARCel), Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology-BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, University of Malaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, (CIBER-BBN), 29071 Málaga, Spain
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Fan X, He S, Song H, Yin W, Zhang J, Peng Z, Yang K, Zhai X, Zhao L, Gong H, Ping Y, Jiao X, Zhang S, Yan C, Wang H, Li RK, Xie J. Human endometrium-derived stem cell improves cardiac function after myocardial ischemic injury by enhancing angiogenesis and myocardial metabolism. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:344. [PMID: 34112245 PMCID: PMC8193887 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02423-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human endometrium in premenopausal women is an active site of physiological angiogenesis, with regenerative cells present, suggesting that the endometrium contains adult angiogenic stem cells. In the context of cardiac repair after ischemic injury, angiogenesis is a crucial process to rescue cardiomyocytes. We therefore investigated whether human endometrium-derived stem cells (hEMSCs) can be used for cardiac repair after ischemic injury and their possible underlying mechanisms. METHODS Comparisons were made between hEMSCs successfully isolated from 22 premenopausal women and human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) derived from 25 age-matched patients. Cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, and angiogenesis were evaluated through in vitro experiments, while the ability of hEMSCs to restore cardiac function was examined by in vivo cell transplantation into the infarcted nude rat hearts. RESULTS In vitro data showed that hEMSCs had greater proliferative and migratory capacities, whereas hBMSCs had better adipogenic differentiation ability. Human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells, treated with conditioned medium from hEMSCs, had significantly higher tube formation than that from hBMSCs or control medium, indicating greater angiogenic potentials for hEMSCs. In vivo, hEMSC transplantation preserved cardiac function, decreased infarct size, and improved tissue repair post-injury. Cardiac metabolism, assessed by 18F-FDG uptake, showed that 18F-FDG uptake at the infarction area was significantly higher in both hBMSC and hEMSC groups, compared to the PBS control group, with hEMSCs having the highest uptake, suggesting hEMSC treatment improves cardiomyocyte metabolism and survival after injury. Mechanistic assessment of the angiogenic potential for hEMSCS revealed that angiogenesis-related factors angiopoietin 2, Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1, and FGF9 were significantly upregulated in hEMSC-implanted infarcted hearts, compared to the PBS control group. CONCLUSION hEMSCs, compared to hBMSCs, have greater capacity to induce angiogenesis, and improved cardiac function after ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Fan
- grid.263452.40000 0004 1798 4018The Laboratory of Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Research, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Cell Physiology of Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China ,grid.263452.40000 0004 1798 4018Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, The Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Sheng He
- grid.263452.40000 0004 1798 4018The Laboratory of Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Research, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Cell Physiology of Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China ,grid.452461.00000 0004 1762 8478The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Huifang Song
- grid.263452.40000 0004 1798 4018The Laboratory of Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Research, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Cell Physiology of Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wenjuan Yin
- grid.263452.40000 0004 1798 4018The Laboratory of Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Research, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Cell Physiology of Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- grid.263452.40000 0004 1798 4018The Laboratory of Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Research, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Cell Physiology of Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zexu Peng
- grid.263452.40000 0004 1798 4018The Laboratory of Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Research, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Cell Physiology of Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Kun Yang
- grid.263452.40000 0004 1798 4018The Laboratory of Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Research, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Cell Physiology of Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China ,grid.263452.40000 0004 1798 4018Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, The Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhai
- grid.263452.40000 0004 1798 4018The Laboratory of Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Research, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Cell Physiology of Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lingxia Zhao
- grid.263452.40000 0004 1798 4018Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, The Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hui Gong
- grid.263452.40000 0004 1798 4018The Laboratory of Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Research, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Cell Physiology of Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yi Ping
- grid.452845.aThe Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiangying Jiao
- grid.263452.40000 0004 1798 4018The Laboratory of Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Research, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Cell Physiology of Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Sanyuan Zhang
- grid.452461.00000 0004 1762 8478The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Changping Yan
- grid.452461.00000 0004 1762 8478The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hongliang Wang
- grid.452461.00000 0004 1762 8478The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China ,grid.263452.40000 0004 1798 4018Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Molecular Imaging Precision Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ren-Ke Li
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Jun Xie
- The Laboratory of Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Research, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Cell Physiology of Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
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MenSCs exert a supportive role in establishing a pregnancy-friendly microenvironment by inhibiting TH17 polarization. J Reprod Immunol 2020; 144:103252. [PMID: 33549903 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2020.103252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Uncontrolled TH17 differentiation has been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of pregnancy loss. We recently showed that menstrual blood stromal/stem cells (MenSCs) alter functional features of natural killer cells. Here, we hypothesized that MenSCs could modulate differentiation of TH17 cells. METHOD MenSCs were collected from 18 apparently healthy women and characterized. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) served as a control. TH17 polarization and proliferation of purified T CD4+ cells were assessed by flow cytometry in a well-defined co-culture system containing T CD4+ cells and MenSCs or BMSCs. Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) activity was evaluated in MenSC and BMSC culture supernatants by a colorimetric assay. The impact of MenSCs on expression of transcription factors, RORC, T-bet, Gata3, NRP-1 and Helios were studied by qPCR. RESULTS MenSCs significantly inhibited TH17 differentiation (p = 0.0383) and percentage of the cells co-expressing IL-17 and IFN-γ (p = 0.0023). PGE2 blockade significantly reduced percentage and proliferation of T CD4+IL-17+ (p = 0.003, p = 0.0018), T CD4+ IFN-γ+ (p = 0.002, p = 0.0022) and T CD4+IL-17+ IFN-γ+ (p = 0.004, p = 0.02) cells. MenSCs produced a considerable activity of IDO (p = 0.0002), induced a significant rise in the Treg frequency (p = 0.0091) and a sharp increase in TH17/Tregs ratio (p = 0.0022). MenSCs increased expression of NRP1 (p = 0.001), while downregulated expression of RORC in T cells (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Our results suggest a supportive role for MenSCs in establishing a pregnancy-friendly microenvironment in the uterus and put forth the idea that inherent abnormalities of MenSCs may be a basis for dysregulated endometrial immune network leading to pregnancy loss.
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Mirzadegan E, Golshahi H, Kazemnejad S. Current evidence on immunological and regenerative effects of menstrual blood stem cells seeded on scaffold consisting of amniotic membrane and silk fibroin in chronic wound. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 85:106595. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Bozorgmehr M, Gurung S, Darzi S, Nikoo S, Kazemnejad S, Zarnani AH, Gargett CE. Endometrial and Menstrual Blood Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells: Biological Properties and Clinical Application. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:497. [PMID: 32742977 PMCID: PMC7364758 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly proliferative mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) population was recently discovered in the dynamic, cyclically regenerating human endometrium as clonogenic stromal cells that fulfilled the International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT) criteria. Specific surface markers enriching for clonogenic endometrial MSC (eMSC), CD140b and CD146 co-expression, and the single marker SUSD2, showed their perivascular identity in the endometrium, including the layer which sheds during menstruation. Indeed, cells with MSC properties have been identified in menstrual fluid and commonly termed menstrual blood stem/stromal cells (MenSC). MenSC are generally retrieved from menstrual fluid as plastic adherent cells, similar to bone marrow MSC (bmMSC). While eMSC and MenSC share several biological features with bmMSC, they also show some differences in immunophenotype, proliferation and differentiation capacities. Here we review the phenotype and functions of eMSC and MenSC, with a focus on recent studies. Similar to other MSC, eMSC and MenSC exert immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory impacts on key cells of the innate and adaptive immune system. These include macrophages, T cells and NK cells, both in vitro and in small and large animal models. These properties suggest eMSC and MenSC as additional sources of MSC for cell therapies in regenerative medicine as well as immune-mediated disorders and inflammatory diseases. Their easy acquisition via an office-based biopsy or collected from menstrual effluent makes eMSC and MenSC attractive sources of MSC for clinical applications. In preparation for clinical translation, a serum-free culture protocol was established for eMSC which includes a small molecule TGFβ receptor inhibitor that prevents spontaneous differentiation, apoptosis, senescence, maintains the clonogenic SUSD2+ population and enhances their potency, suggesting potential for cell-therapies and regenerative medicine. However, standardization of MenSC isolation protocols and culture conditions are major issues requiring further research to maximize their potential for clinical application. Future research will also address crucial safety aspects of eMSC and MenSC to ensure these protocols produce cell products free from tumorigenicity and toxicity. Although a wealth of data on the biological properties of eMSC and MenSC has recently been published, it will be important to address their mechanism of action in preclinical models of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Bozorgmehr
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shanti Gurung
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Saeedeh Darzi
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shohreh Nikoo
- Immunology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somaieh Kazemnejad
- Nanobitechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir-Hassan Zarnani
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Caroline E. Gargett
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Arasteh S, Katebifar S, Shirazi R, Kazemnejad S. Differentiation of Menstrual Blood Stem Cells into Keratinocyte-Like Cells on Bilayer Nanofibrous Scaffold. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2125:129-156. [PMID: 30187401 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2018_193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Skin tissue engineering is a high-throughput technology to heal the wounds. Already, considerable advances have been achieved using stem cells for wound healing applications. Menstrual blood stem cell (MenSC) is an available and accessible source of stem cells that have differentiation potential into a wide range of lineages like keratinocytes. Extracellular matrix like substratum plays an impressive role in skin regeneration as an attachment site for stem cells by transmitting the bioactive signals and provoking stem cells to differentiate into keratinocyte lineage. The biomimetic nanofibrous scaffold especially in bilayer format has been extensively utilized to develop skin equivalents. This chapter explains detailed protocols of keratinocyte differentiation of MenSCs on bilayer scaffold comprising amniotic membrane and fibroin nanofibers. The isolated MenSCs are seeded on the nanofibers and subsequently differentiated into keratinocyte lineage in co-culture with foreskin-derived keratinocytes. Immunofluorescence staining is used to evaluate the development of seeded MenSCs in bilayer scaffold into keratinocyte-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaghayegh Arasteh
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Katebifar
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Connecticut, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Reza Shirazi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somaieh Kazemnejad
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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Khanmohammadi M, Golshahi H, Saffarian Z, Montazeri S, Khorasani S, Kazemnejad S. Repair of Osteochondral Defects in Rabbit Knee Using Menstrual Blood Stem Cells Encapsulated in Fibrin Glue: A Good Stem Cell Candidate for the Treatment of Osteochondral Defects. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 16:311-324. [PMID: 31205859 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-019-00189-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, researchers discovered that menstrual blood-derived stem cells (MenSCs) have the potential to differentiate into a wide range of tissues including the chondrogenic lineage. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of MenSCs encapsulated in fibrin glue (FG) on healing of osteochondral defect in rabbit model. Methods We examined the effectiveness of MenSCs encapsulated in FG in comparison with FG alone in the repair of osteochondral defect (OCD) lesions of rabbit knees after 12 and 24 weeks. Results Macroscopical evaluation revealed that the effectiveness of MenSCs incorporation with FG is much higher than FG alone in repair of OCD defects. Indeed, histopathological evaluation of FG + MenSCs group at 12 weeks post-transplantation demonstrated that defects were filled with hyaline cartilage-like tissue with proper integration, high content of glycosaminoglycan and the existence of collagen fibers especially collagen type II, as well as by passing time (24 weeks post-transplantation), the most regenerated tissue in FG + MenSCs group was similar to hyaline cartilage with relatively good infill and integration. As the same with the result of 12 weeks post-implantation, the total point of microscopical examination in FG + MenSCs group was higher than other experimental groups, however, no significant difference was detected between groups at 24 weeks (p > 0.05). Conclusion In summary, MenSCs as unique stem cell population, is suitable for in vivo repair of OCD defects and promising for the future clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manijeh Khanmohammadi
- 1Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, P.O. Box: 1177-19615 Tehran, Iran.,2Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC Australia.,3The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Hannaneh Golshahi
- 1Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, P.O. Box: 1177-19615 Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Saffarian
- 1Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, P.O. Box: 1177-19615 Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Montazeri
- 1Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, P.O. Box: 1177-19615 Tehran, Iran
| | - Somaye Khorasani
- 1Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, P.O. Box: 1177-19615 Tehran, Iran
| | - Somaieh Kazemnejad
- 1Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, P.O. Box: 1177-19615 Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The current review provides an update on recent advances in stem cell biology relevant to female reproduction. RECENT FINDINGS Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that often serve as a reservoir of cells to regenerate tissue in settings or injury or cell loss. The endometrium has progenitor stem cells that can replace all of the endometrium during each menstrual cycle. In addition, multipotent endometrial cells replace these progenitor cells when depleted. Recruitment of stem cells from outside of the uterus occurs in setting of increased demand such as ischemia or injury. Bone marrow-derived multipotent stem cells are recruited to the uterus by estrogen or injury-induced expression of the chemokine CXCL12. In the setting of overwhelming injury, especially in the setting of low estrogen levels, there may be insufficient stem cell recruitment to adequately repair the uterus resulting in conditions such as Asherman syndrome or other endometrial defects. In contrast, excessive recruitment of stem cells underlies endometriosis. Enhanced understanding of stem-cell mobilization, recruitment, and engraftment has created the possibility of improved therapy for endometrial defects and endometriosis through enhanced manipulation of stem-cell trafficking. Further, the normal endometrium is a rich source of multipotent stem cells that can be used for numerous applications in regenerative medicine beyond reproduction. SUMMARY A better understanding of reproductive stem-cell biology may allow improved treatment of endometrial disease such as Asherman syndrome and other endometrial receptivity defects. Inhibiting stem-cell mobilization may also be helpful in endometriosis therapy. Finally, endometrial derived multipotent stem cells may play a crucial role in cell therapy for regenerative medicine.
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Lv H, Hu Y, Cui Z, Jia H. Human menstrual blood: a renewable and sustainable source of stem cells for regenerative medicine. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:325. [PMID: 30463587 PMCID: PMC6249727 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1067-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells (SCs) play an important role in autologous and even allogenic applications. Menstrual blood discharge has been identified as a valuable source of SCs which are referred to as menstrual blood-derived stem cells (MenSCs). Compared to SCs from bone marrow and adipose tissues, MenSCs come from body discharge and obtaining them is non-invasive to the body, they are easy to collect, and there are no ethical concerns. There is, hence, a growing interest in the functions of MenSCs and their potential applications in regenerative medicine. This review presents recent progress in research into MenSCs and their potential application. Clinical indications of using MenSCs for various regenerative medicine applications are emphasized, and future research is recommended to accelerate clinical applications of MenSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Lv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, China
| | - Yali Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhanfeng Cui
- Tissue Engineering Group, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Huidong Jia
- Tissue Engineering Group, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK.
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Rahimi M, Zarnani AH, Mobini S, Khorasani S, Darzi M, Kazemnejad S. Comparative effectiveness of three-dimensional scaffold, differentiation media and co-culture with native cardiomyocytes to trigger in vitro cardiogenic differentiation of menstrual blood and bone marrow stem cells. Biologicals 2018; 54:13-21. [PMID: 29884574 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to find effectiveness of 3D silk fibroin scaffold in comparison with co-culturing in presence of native cardiomyocytes on cardiac differentiation propensity of menstural blood(MenSCs)-versus bone marrow-derived stem-cells (BMSCs). We showed that both 3D fibroin scaffold and co-culture system supported efficient cardiomyogenic differentiation of MenSCs and BMSCs, as judged by the expression of cardiac-specific genes and proteins, Connexin-43, Connexin-40, alpha Actinin (ACTN-2), Tropomyosin1 (TPM1) and Cardiac Troponin T (TNNT2). No significant difference (except for higher expression of ACTN-2 in co-cultured MenSCs) was found between differentiation potential of the cells cultured in 3D fibroin scaffold and co-culture system. Collectively, our results imply that inductive signals served by biological factors of native cardiomyocytes to trigger cardiogenic differentiation of stem-cells may be efficiently provided by natural and biocompatible 3D fibroin scaffold suggesting the usefulness of this construct for cardiac tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rahimi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran; Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amir-Hassan Zarnani
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sahba Mobini
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somaieh Khorasani
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Darzi
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somaieh Kazemnejad
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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Rajabi Z, Yazdekhasti H, Noori Mugahi SMH, Abbasi M, Kazemnejad S, Shirazi A, Majidi M, Zarnani AH. Mouse preantral follicle growth in 3D co-culture system using human menstrual blood mesenchymal stem cell. Reprod Biol 2018; 18:122-131. [PMID: 29454805 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Follicle culture provides a condition which can help investigators to evaluate various aspects of ovarian follicle growth and development and impact of different components and supplementations as well as presumably application of follicle culture approach in fertility preservation procedures. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), particularly those isolated from menstrual blood has the potential to be used as a tool for improvement of fertility. In the current study, a 3D co-culture system with mice preantral follicles and human Menstrual Blood Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MenSCs) using either collagen or alginate beads was designed to investigate whether this system allows better preantral follicles growth and development. Results showed that MenSCs increase the indices of follicular growth including survival rate, diameter, and antrum formation as well as the rate of in vitro maturation (IVM) in both collagen and alginates beads. Although statistically not significant, alginate was found to be superior in terms of supporting survival rate and antrum formation. Hormone assay demonstrated that the amount of secreted 17 β-estradiol and progesterone in both 3D systems increased dramatically after 12 days, with the highest levels in system employing MenSCs. Data also demonstrated that relative expression of studied genes increased for Bmp15 and Gdf9 and decreased for Mater when follicles were cultured in the presence of MenSCs. Collectively, results of the present study showed that MenSCs could improve indices of follicular growth and maturation in vitro. Further studies are needed before a clinical application of MenSCs-induced IVM is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Rajabi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Hossein Yazdekhasti
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Cell Biology, Center for Research in Contraceptive and Reproductive Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | | | - Mehdi Abbasi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Somaieh Kazemnejad
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Shirazi
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Majidi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir-Hassan Zarnani
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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13
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Tabatabaei M, Mosaffa N, Ghods R, Nikoo S, Kazemnejad S, Khanmohammadi M, Mirzadegan E, Mahmoudi AR, Bolouri MR, Falak R, Keshavarzi B, Ramezani M, Zarnani AH. Vaccination with human amniotic epithelial cells confer effective protection in a murine model of Colon adenocarcinoma. Int J Cancer 2017; 142:1453-1466. [PMID: 29139122 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
As a prophylactic cancer vaccine, human amniotic membrane epithelial cells (hAECs) conferred effective protection in a murine model of colon cancer. The immunized mice mounted strong cross-protective CTL and antibody responses. Tumor burden was significantly reduced in tumor-bearing mice after immunization with hAECs. Placental cancer immunotherapy could be a promising approach for primary prevention of cancer. In spite of being the star of therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment, the results of immunotherapeutic approaches are still far from expectations. In this regard, primary prevention of cancer using prophylactic cancer vaccines has gained considerable attention. The immunologic similarities between cancer development and placentation have helped researchers to unravel molecular mechanisms responsible for carcinogenesis and to take advantage of stem cells from reproductive organs to elicit robust anti-cancer immune responses. Here, we showed that vaccination of mice with human amniotic membrane epithelial cells (hAECs) conferred effective protection against colon cancer and led to expansion of systemic and splenic cytotoxic T cell population and induction of cross-protective cytotoxic responses against tumor cells. Vaccinated mice mounted tumor-specific Th1 responses and produced cross-reactive antibodies against cell surface markers of cancer cells. Tumor burden was also significantly reduced in tumor-bearing mice immunized with hAECs. Our findings pave the way for potential future application of hAECs as an effective prophylactic cancer vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tabatabaei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - N Mosaffa
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - R Ghods
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Nikoo
- Immunology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Kazemnejad
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Khanmohammadi
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - E Mirzadegan
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - A R Mahmoudi
- Immunology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M R Bolouri
- Immunology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - R Falak
- Immunology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - B Keshavarzi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Ramezani
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran
| | - A H Zarnani
- Immunology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Farzamfar S, Naseri-Nosar M, Ghanavatinejad A, Vaez A, Zarnani AH, Salehi M. Sciatic nerve regeneration by transplantation of menstrual blood-derived stem cells. Mol Biol Rep 2017; 44:407-412. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-017-4124-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Akhavan-Tavakoli M, Fard M, Khanjani S, Zare S, Edalatkhah H, Mehrabani D, Zarnani AH, Shirazi R, Kazemnejad S. In vitro differentiation of menstrual blood stem cells into keratinocytes: A potential approach for management of wound healing. Biologicals 2017; 48:66-73. [PMID: 28579353 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin wounds caused by insults should be treated immediately to restore the functions and integrity. Recent studies suggest that stem cells-based therapies may be applicable in wound healing. Newly defined menstrual blood-derived stem cells (MenSCs) show high rate of cell proliferation and trans-differentiation potency to various cell types. However, MenSCs potential to generate keratinocyte for future therapeutic use of skin lesions has been remained to investigate. We cultivated MenSCs in the presence of isolated foreskin derived-keratinocytes using an indirect co-culture system and evaluated efficiency of this protocol to generate keratinocytes using immunofluorescent staining and Real Time PCR technique. Our results showed that differentiated keratinocytes express epidermal/keratinocytes lineage specific markers such as K14, p63, and involucrin at both mRNA and protein levels. Immunofluorescent staining showed the expression of involucrin and K14 in differentiated cells in contrast to undifferentiated cells. Moreover, mRNA expression levels of K14 (11.1 folds, p = 0.001), p63 (10.23 folds, p = 0.001), and involucrin (2.94 folds, p = 0.001) were higher in differentiated MenSCs compared to non-cocultured cells. Therefore, we firstly presented evidence about differentiation capability of MenSCs into epidermal/keratinocytes lineage. Considering the advantages of MenSCs such as great accessibility, these stem cells are promising for stem cells-based therapies of skin defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Akhavan-Tavakoli
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
| | - Maryam Fard
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
| | - Sayeh Khanjani
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sona Zare
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Haleh Edalatkhah
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Davood Mehrabani
- Stem Cell and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Amir-Hassan Zarnani
- Nanobiotechnology Research Centre, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Shirazi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Somaieh Kazemnejad
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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Barabadi Z, Azami M, Sharifi E, Karimi R, Lotfibakhshaiesh N, Roozafzoon R, Joghataei MT, Ai J. Fabrication of hydrogel based nanocomposite scaffold containing bioactive glass nanoparticles for myocardial tissue engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 69:1137-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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17
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Mehrabani D, Nazarabadi RB, Kasraeian M, Tamadon A, Dianatpour M, Vahdati A, Zare S, Ghobadi F. Growth Kinetics, Characterization, and Plasticity of Human Menstrual Blood Stem Cells. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2016; 41:132-9. [PMID: 26989284 PMCID: PMC4764963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
One of the readily available sources of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is menstrual blood-derived stem cells (Men-SCs), which exhibit characteristics similar to other types of MSCs. This study was performed to determine the growth kinetics, plasticity, and characterization of Men-SCs in women. During spring 2014 in the southern Iranian city of Shiraz, menstrual blood (5 mL) was obtained from 10 women on their third day of menstruation in 2 age groups of 30 to 40 and 40 to 50 years old. Ficoll was used to separate the mononuclear cell fraction. After the Men-SCs were cultured, they were subcultured up to passage 4. Growth behavior and population doubling time were evaluated by seeding 5×10(4) cells into 12- and 24-well culture plates, and the colonies were enumerated. The expression of CD44, CD90, and CD34 was evaluated. The osteogenic potential was assessed by alizarin red staining. The Men-SCs were shown to be plastic adherent and spindle-shaped. Regarding the growth curves in the 12- and 24-well culture plates, it was demonstrated that in the women aged between 30 and 40 years, population doubling time was 55.5 and 62 hours, respectively, while these values in the women aged between 40 and 50 years were 70.4 and 72.4 hours, correspondingly. Positive expression of CD44 and CD90 and negative expression of CD34 were noted. In the osteogenic differentiation medium, the cells differentiated toward osteoblasts. As human Men-SCs are easily collectable without any invasive procedure and are a safe and rapid source of MSCs, they can be a good candidate for stem cell banking and cell transplantation in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davood Mehrabani
- Stem Cell and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Kasraeian
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Perinatology Ward, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,Correspondence: Maryam Kasraeian, MD; Maternal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Perinatology Ward, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Tel/Fax: +98 71 36271531
| | - Amin Tamadon
- Stem Cell and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Dianatpour
- Stem Cell and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Akbar Vahdati
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Zare
- Stem Cell and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farnaz Ghobadi
- Stem Cell and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Menstrual Blood-Derived Stem Cells: In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization of Functional Effects. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 951:111-121. [PMID: 27837558 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-45457-3_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that menstrual blood stands as a viable source of stem cells. Menstrual blood-derived stem cells (MenSCs) are morphologically and functionally similar to cells directly extracted from the endometrium, and present dual expression of mesenchymal and embryonic cell markers, thus becoming interesting tools for regenerative medicine. Functional reports show higher proliferative and self-renewal capacities than bone marrow-derived stem cells, as well as successful differentiation into hepatocyte-like cells, glial-like cells, endometrial stroma-like cells, among others. Moreover, menstrual blood stem cells may be used with increased efficiency in reprogramming techniques for induced Pluripotent Stem cell (iPS) generation. Experimental studies have shown successful treatment of stroke, colitis, limb ischemia, coronary disease, Duchenne's muscular atrophy and streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes animal models with MenSCs. As we envision an off-the-shelf product for cell therapy, cryopreserved MenSCs appear as a feasible clinical product. Clinical applications, although still very limited, have great potential and ongoing studies should be disclosed in the near future.
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19
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Mobini S, Taghizadeh-Jahed M, Khanmohammadi M, Moshiri A, Naderi MM, Heidari-Vala H, Ashrafi Helan J, Khanjani S, Springer A, Akhondi MM, Kazemnejad S. Comparative evaluation of in vivo biocompatibility and biodegradability of regenerated silk scaffolds reinforced with/without natural silk fibers. J Biomater Appl 2015; 30:793-809. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328215601925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, exceptional advantages of silk fibroin over synthetic and natural polymers have impelled the scientists to application of this biomaterial for tissue engineering purposes. Recently, we showed that embedding natural degummed silk fibers in regenerated Bombyx mori silk-based scaffold significantly increases the mechanical stiffness, while the porosity of the scaffolds remains the same. In the present study, we evaluated degradation rate, biocompatibility and regenerative properties of the regenerated 2% and 4% wt silk-based composite scaffolds with or without embedded natural degummed silk fibers within 90 days in both athymic nude and wild-type C57BL/6 mice through subcutaneous implantation. In all scaffolds, a suitable interconnected porous structure for cell penetration was seen under scanning electron microscopy. Compressive tests revealed a functional relationship between fiber reinforcement and compressive modulus. In addition, the fiber/fibroin composite scaffolds support cell attachment and proliferation. On days 30 to 90 after subcutaneous implantation, the retrieved tissues were examined via gross morphology, histopathology, immunofluorescence staining and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction as shown in Figure 1 . Results showed that embedding the silk fibers within the matrix enhances the biodegradability of the matrix resulting in replacement of the composite scaffolds with the fresh connective tissue. Fortification of the composites with degummed fibers not only regulates the degradation profile but also increases the mechanical performance of the scaffolds. This report also confirmed that pore size and structure play an important role in the degradation rate. In conclusion, the findings of the present study narrate key role of additional surface area in improving in vitro and in vivo biological properties of the scaffolds and suggest the potential ability of these fabricated composite scaffolds for connective tissue regeneration. [Figure: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahba Mobini
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Taghizadeh-Jahed
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Manijeh Khanmohammadi
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Moshiri
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Mehdi Naderi
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Heidari-Vala
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Ashrafi Helan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sayeh Khanjani
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armin Springer
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Medical Faculty of Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mohammad-Mehdi Akhondi
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somaieh Kazemnejad
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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20
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Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine in Iran: Current State of Research and Future Outlook. Mol Biotechnol 2015; 57:589-605. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-015-9865-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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