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Khaled MM, Ibrahium AM, Abdelgalil AI, El-Saied MA, Yassin AM, Abouquerin N, Rizk H, El-Bably SH. Efficacy of using adipose-derived stem cells and PRP on regeneration of 40 -mm long sciatic nerve defect bridged by polyglycolic-polypropylene mesh in canine model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:212. [PMID: 39020391 PMCID: PMC11256418 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03796-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sciatic nerve repair becomes a focus of research in neurological aspect to restore the normal physical ability of the animal to stand and walk. Tissue engineered nerve grafts (TENGs) provide a promising alternative therapy for regeneration of large gap defects. The present study investigates the regenerative capacity of PRP, ADSCs, and PRP mixed ADSCs on a long sciatic nerve defect (40-mm) bridged by a polyglycolic polypropylene (PGA-PRL) mesh which acts as a neural scaffold. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was conducted on 12 adult male mongrel dogs that were randomly divided into 4 groups: Group I (scaffold group); where the sciatic defect was bridged by a (PGA-PRL) mesh only while the mesh was injected with ADSCs in Group II (ADSCs group), PRP in Group III (PRP group). Mixture of PRP and ADSCs was allocated in Group IV (PRP + ADSCs group). Monthly, all animals were monitored for improvement in their gait and a numerical lameness score was recorded for all groups. 6 months-post surgery, the structural and functional recovery of sciatic nerve was evaluated electrophysiologically, and on the level of gene expression, and both sciatic nerve and the gastrocnemius muscle were evaluated morphometrically, histopathologically. RESULTS Numerical lameness score showed improvement in the motor activities of both Group II and Group III followed by Group IV and the scaffold group showed mild improvement even after 6 months. Histopathologically, all treated groups showed axonal sprouting and numerous regenerated fascicles with obvious angiogenesis in proximal cut, and distal portion where Group IV exhibited a significant remyelination with the MCOOL technique. The regenerative ratio of gastrocnemius muscle was 23.81%, 56.68%, 52.06% and 40.69% for Group I, II, III and IV; respectively. The expression of NGF showed significant up regulation in the proximal portion for both Group III and Group IV (P ≤ 0.0001) while Group II showed no significant difference. PDGF-A, and VEGF expressions were up-regulated in Group II, III, and IV whereas Group I showed significant down-regulation for NGF, PDGF-A, and VEGF (P ≤ 0.0001). CONCLUSION ADSCs have a great role in restoring the damaged nerve fibers by secreting several types of growth factors like NGF that have a proliferative effect on Schwann cells and their migration. In addition, PRP therapy potentiates the effect of ADSCs by synthesis another growth factors such as PDGF-A, VEGF, NGF for better healing of large sciatic gap defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona M Khaled
- Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Asmaa M Ibrahium
- Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I Abdelgalil
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Saied
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Aya M Yassin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nagy Abouquerin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of medicine, Ain shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hamdy Rizk
- Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Samah H El-Bably
- Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Deeg J, Mündel F, Loizides A, Gruber L, Gruber H. Intraneural vascularity of the median, ulnar and common peroneal nerve: Microvascular ultrasound and pathophysiological implications. Australas J Ultrasound Med 2023; 26:175-183. [PMID: 37701776 PMCID: PMC10493359 DOI: 10.1002/ajum.12334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Changes in the microvascular environment are considered crucial in the pathogenesis of compression neuropathies. Several studies have demonstrated elevated intraneural vascularity in severe neuropathy compared with healthy subjects, where intraneural vascularity is considered predominantly undetectable. The aim of this study was to assess and quantify intraneural vasculature by superb microvascular imaging (SMI) in healthy volunteers in the median, ulnar and common peroneal nerve. Methods Intraneural vascularity was quantified in 26 healthy volunteers (312 segments overall) by SMI sonography using a 22-MHz linear transducer. Individual nerve segment vascularity was compared with the mean vascularity using one-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests, respectively. Vendor-provided quantification and manual vessel count were compared by linear regression analysis. Results Intraneural vascularity was detectable in all nerve segments (100.0%). Vessel density was highest in the median nerve at the wrist (1.54 ± 0.44/mm2, P < 0.0001) and lowest in the sulcal ulnar nerve (0.90 ± 0.34/mm2, P < 0.0001). Vendor-provided automated quantification severely overestimated vascular content compared with manual quantification. Conclusion Superb microvascular imaging can facilitate the visualisation of nerve vascularity and even detect local variations in vessel density. The pathophysiological implications for peripheral neuropathies, especially compression neuropathies, warrant further investigation, but the absence of visible intraneural vasculature as a negative finding in the diagnostic of compression neuropathies should be interpreted with caution, as the intraneural vascularity may lie beyond the 18 MHz resolution power of a transducer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Deeg
- Department of RadiologyMedical University InnsbruckAnichstraße 356020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Felix Mündel
- Department of RadiologyMedical University InnsbruckAnichstraße 356020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Alexander Loizides
- Department of RadiologyMedical University InnsbruckAnichstraße 356020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Leonhard Gruber
- Department of RadiologyMedical University InnsbruckAnichstraße 356020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Hannes Gruber
- Department of RadiologyMedical University InnsbruckAnichstraße 356020InnsbruckAustria
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Puente-Ruiz SC, Jais A. Reciprocal signaling between adipose tissue depots and the central nervous system. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:979251. [PMID: 36200038 PMCID: PMC9529070 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.979251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, various dietary and social factors led to the development of increased brain sizes alongside large adipose tissue stores. Complex reciprocal signaling mechanisms allow for a fine-tuned interaction between the two organs to regulate energy homeostasis of the organism. As an endocrine organ, adipose tissue secretes various hormones, cytokines, and metabolites that signal energy availability to the central nervous system (CNS). Vice versa, the CNS is a critical regulator of adipose tissue function through neural networks that integrate information from the periphery and regulate sympathetic nerve outflow. This review discusses the various reciprocal signaling mechanisms in the CNS and adipose tissue to maintain organismal energy homeostasis. We are focusing on the integration of afferent signals from the periphery in neuronal populations of the mediobasal hypothalamus as well as the efferent signals from the CNS to adipose tissue and its implications for adipose tissue function. Furthermore, we are discussing central mechanisms that fine-tune the immune system in adipose tissue depots and contribute to organ homeostasis. Elucidating this complex signaling network that integrates peripheral signals to generate physiological outputs to maintain the optimal energy balance of the organism is crucial for understanding the pathophysiology of obesity and metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes.
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Hoang DM, Pham PT, Bach TQ, Ngo ATL, Nguyen QT, Phan TTK, Nguyen GH, Le PTT, Hoang VT, Forsyth NR, Heke M, Nguyen LT. Stem cell-based therapy for human diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:272. [PMID: 35933430 PMCID: PMC9357075 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01134-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 112.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in stem cell technology open a new door for patients suffering from diseases and disorders that have yet to be treated. Stem cell-based therapy, including human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) and multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), has recently emerged as a key player in regenerative medicine. hPSCs are defined as self-renewable cell types conferring the ability to differentiate into various cellular phenotypes of the human body, including three germ layers. MSCs are multipotent progenitor cells possessing self-renewal ability (limited in vitro) and differentiation potential into mesenchymal lineages, according to the International Society for Cell and Gene Therapy (ISCT). This review provides an update on recent clinical applications using either hPSCs or MSCs derived from bone marrow (BM), adipose tissue (AT), or the umbilical cord (UC) for the treatment of human diseases, including neurological disorders, pulmonary dysfunctions, metabolic/endocrine-related diseases, reproductive disorders, skin burns, and cardiovascular conditions. Moreover, we discuss our own clinical trial experiences on targeted therapies using MSCs in a clinical setting, and we propose and discuss the MSC tissue origin concept and how MSC origin may contribute to the role of MSCs in downstream applications, with the ultimate objective of facilitating translational research in regenerative medicine into clinical applications. The mechanisms discussed here support the proposed hypothesis that BM-MSCs are potentially good candidates for brain and spinal cord injury treatment, AT-MSCs are potentially good candidates for reproductive disorder treatment and skin regeneration, and UC-MSCs are potentially good candidates for pulmonary disease and acute respiratory distress syndrome treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc M Hoang
- Department of Research and Development, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Phuong T Pham
- Department of Cellular Therapy, Vinmec High-Tech Center, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Trung Q Bach
- Department of Research and Development, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Anh T L Ngo
- Department of Cellular Therapy, Vinmec High-Tech Center, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Quyen T Nguyen
- Department of Research and Development, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Trang T K Phan
- Department of Research and Development, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Giang H Nguyen
- Department of Research and Development, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phuong T T Le
- Department of Research and Development, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van T Hoang
- Department of Research and Development, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nicholas R Forsyth
- Institute for Science & Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - Michael Heke
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Liem Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Research and Development, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Dynamic Evaluation of Intraneural Microvascularity of the Ulnar Nerve Using Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography in Patients With Cubital Tunnel Syndrome. J Hand Surg Am 2022; 47:687.e1-687.e8. [PMID: 34462166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2021.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to compare the intraneural microvascular patterns of the ulnar nerve at 2 elbow flexion angles in asymptomatic volunteers and patients with cubital tunnel syndrome (CuTS) and to evaluate the effects of surgery on the microvascular pattern in patients with CuTS by using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS). METHODS This study included 10 elbows in 10 asymptomatic volunteers (control group) and 10 elbows in 10 patients with CuTS who underwent anterior subcutaneous transposition of the ulnar nerve (CuTS group). The CuTS group underwent clinical and electrophysiologic examinations and CEUS before surgery and at 1, 2, and 3 months after surgery. The intraneural enhancement pattern was calculated as an area under the curve (AUC) value in the entrapment site of the ulnar nerve within the cubital tunnel and in the area 1 cm proximal to the site (proximal site) at elbow flexion angles of 20° and 110°. RESULTS Serial electrophysiologic examinations showed improvements at 1, 2, and 3 months after surgery compared with before surgery. In the control group, the AUC values of the central part of the cubital tunnel and proximal sites showed no substantial changes with the increase in elbow flexion. In the CuTS group, the AUC in the proximal site at 110° of elbow flexion was decreased compared with that at 20° of flexion before surgery. The AUC values for both the entrapment and proximal sites at 20° and 110° of elbow flexion were the most increased at 2 months after surgery compared with before surgery. CONCLUSIONS Increased elbow flexion in patients with CuTS influences the intraneural blood flow of the ulnar nerve. Surgery for CuTS alters the intraneural blood flow. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Quantitative evaluation of the intraneural blood flow of the ulnar nerve using CEUS may be a new supplementary diagnostic tool for CuTS and an indicator for the evaluation of postoperative recovery from nerve damage.
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Wang S, Liu X, Wang Y. Evaluation of Platelet-Rich Plasma Therapy for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration: A Critical Review of Literature. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:808248. [PMID: 35299637 PMCID: PMC8923347 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.808248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is a common disease in clinic, and the regeneration process of peripheral nerve tissue is slow, and patients with PNI often suffer from the loss of nerve function. At present, related research on the mechanism of peripheral nerve regeneration has become a hot spot, and scholars are also seeking a method that can accelerate the regeneration of peripheral nerve. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a platelet concentrate extracted from autologous blood by centrifugation, which is a kind of bioactive substance. High concentration of platelets can release a variety of growth factors after activation, and can promote the proliferation and differentiation of tissue cells, which can accelerate the process of tissue regeneration. The application of PRP comes from the body, there is no immune rejection reaction, it can promote tissue regeneration with less cost, it is,therefore, widely used in various clinical fields. At present, there are relatively few studies on the application of PRP to peripheral nerve regeneration. This article summarizes the literature in recent years to illustrate the effect of PRP on peripheral nerve regeneration from mechanism to clinical application, and prospects for the application of PRP to peripheral nerve.
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Cheng SY, Punzo C. Ocular Inflammation with Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatments. Hum Gene Ther 2021; 32:639-641. [PMID: 34283642 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2021.29167.syc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Yun Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gene Therapy Center, Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Claudio Punzo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gene Therapy Center, Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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Jia H, Wang Y, Chen J, Li JP, Han HQ, Tong XJ, He ZY, Ma WZ. Combination of BMSCs-laden acellular nerve xenografts transplantation and G-CSF administration promotes sciatic nerve regeneration. Synapse 2019; 73:e22093. [PMID: 30761618 DOI: 10.1002/syn.22093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve gaps often lead to interrupted innervation, manifesting as severe sensory and motor dysfunctions. The repairs of the nerve injuries have not achieved satisfactory curative effects in clinic. The transplantation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs)-laden acellular nerve xenografts (ANX) has been proven more effective than the acellular nerve allografting. Besides, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) can inhibit inflammation and apoptosis, and thus is conducive to the microenvironmental improvement of axonal regeneration. This study aims to investigate the joint effect of BMSCs-seeded ANX grafting and G-CSF administration, and explore the relevant mechanisms. Adult SD rats were divided into five groups randomly: ANX group, ANX combined with G-CSF group, BMSCs-laden ANX group, BMSCs-laden ANX combined with G-CSF group, and autograft group. Eight weeks after transplantation, the detection of praxiology and neuroelectrophysiology was conducted, and then the morphology of the regenerated nerves was analyzed. The inflammatory response and apoptosis in the nerve grafts as well as the expression of the growth-promoting factors in the regenerated tissues were further assayed. G-CSF intervention and BMSCs implanting synergistically promoted peripheral nerve regeneration and functional recovery following ANX bridging, and the restoration effect was matchable with that of the autologous nerve grafting. Moreover, local inflammation was alleviated, the apoptosis of the seeded BMSCs was decreased, and the levels of the neuromodulatory factors were elevated. In conclusion, the union application of BMSCs-implanted ANX and G-CSF ameliorated the niche of neurotization and advanced nerve regeneration substantially. The strategy achieved the favorable effectiveness as an alternative to the autotransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Jia
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Research Institute of Neural Tissue Engineering, Department of Anatomy, Mudanjiang College of Medicine, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Jiao Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jun-Ping Li
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Huai-Qin Han
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Tong
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhong-Yi He
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Wen-Zhi Ma
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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Karaoz E, Tepekoy F, Yilmaz I, Subasi C, Kabatas S. Reduction of Inflammation and Enhancement of Motility after Pancreatic Islet Derived Stem Cell Transplantation Following Spinal Cord Injury. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2019; 62:153-165. [PMID: 30840970 PMCID: PMC6411578 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2018.0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a very serious health problem, usually caused by a trauma and accompanied by elevated levels of inflammation indicators. Stem cell-based therapy is promising some valuable strategies for its functional recovery. Nestin-positive progenitor and/or stem cells (SC) isolated from pancreatic islets (PI) show mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) characteristics. For this reason, we aimed to analyze the effects of rat pancreatic islet derived stem cell (rPI-SC) delivery on functional recovery, as well as the levels of inflammation factors following SCI.
Methods rPI-SCs were isolated, cultured and their MSC characteristics were determined through flow cytometry and immunofluorescence analysis. The experimental rat population was divided into three groups : 1) laminectomy & trauma, 2) laminectomy & trauma & phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and 3) laminectomy+trauma+SCs. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) labelled rPI-SCs were transplanted into the injured rat spinal cord. Their motilities were evaluated with Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) Score. After 4-weeks, spinal cord sections were analyzed for GFP labeled SCs and stained for vimentin, S100β, brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), 2’,3’-cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNPase), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and proinflammatory (interleukin [IL]-6, transforming growth factor [TGF]-β, macrophage inflammatory protein [MIP]-2, myeloperoxidase [MPO]) and anti-inflammatory (IL-1 receptor antagonis) factors.
Results rPI-SCs were revealed to display MSC characteristics and express neural and glial cell markers including BDNF, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), fibronectin, microtubule associated protein-2a,b (MAP2a,b), β3-tubulin and nestin as well as antiinflammatory prostaglandin E2 receptor, EP3. The BBB scores showed significant motor recovery in group 3. GFP-labelled cells were localized on the injury site. In addition, decreased proinflammatory factor levels and increased intensity of anti-inflammatory factors were determined.
Conclusion Transplantation of PI-SCs might be an effective strategy to improve functional recovery following spinal cord trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdal Karaoz
- Department of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, İstinye University, İstanbul, Turkey.,Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research & Practice, İstinye University, İstanbul, Turkey.,Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research & Manufacturing (LivMedCell), İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Filiz Tepekoy
- Department of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, İstinye University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Irem Yilmaz
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research & Manufacturing (LivMedCell), İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Cansu Subasi
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research & Manufacturing (LivMedCell), İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Serdar Kabatas
- Neurosurgery Clinic, Gaziosmanpasa Taksim Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
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Motomiya M, Funakoshi T, Ishizaka K, Nishida M, Matsui Y, Iwasaki N. Blood Flow Changes in Subsynovial Connective Tissue on Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography in Patients With Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Before and After Surgical Decompression. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2018; 37:1597-1604. [PMID: 29171083 DOI: 10.1002/jum.14500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although qualitative alteration of the subsynovial connective tissue in the carpal tunnel is considered to be one of the most important factors in the pathophysiologic mechanisms of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), little information is available about the microcirculation in the subsynovial connective tissue in patients with CTS. The aims of this study were to use contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (US) to evaluate blood flow in the subsynovial connective tissue proximal to the carpal tunnel in patients with CTS before and after carpal tunnel release. METHODS The study included 15 volunteers and 12 patients with CTS. The blood flow in the subsynovial connective tissue and the median nerve was evaluated preoperatively and at 1, 2, and 3 months postoperatively using contrast-enhanced US. RESULTS The blood flow in the subsynovial connective tissue was higher in the patients with CTS than in the volunteers. In the patients with CTS, there was a significant correlation between the blood flow in the subsynovial connective tissue and the median nerve (P = .01). The blood flow in both the subsynovial connective tissue and the median nerve increased markedly after carpal tunnel release. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that increased blood flow in the subsynovial connective tissue may play a role in the alteration of the microcirculation within the median nerve related to the pathophysiologic mechanisms of CTS. The increase in the blood flow in the subsynovial connective tissue during the early postoperative period may contribute to the changes in intraneural circulation, and these changes may lead to neural recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Motomiya
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Obihiro Kosei Hospital, Obihiro, Japan
| | - Tadanao Funakoshi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kinya Ishizaka
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
- Diagnostic Center for Sonography, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Nishida
- Division of Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine , Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Matsui
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Norimasa Iwasaki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Masgutov R, Masgutova G, Mukhametova L, Garanina E, Arkhipova SS, Zakirova E, Mukhamedshina YO, Margarita Z, Gilazieva Z, Syromiatnikova V, Mullakhmetova A, Kadyrova G, Nigmetzyanova M, Mikhail S, Igor P, Yagudin R, Rizvanov A. Allogenic Adipose Derived Stem Cells Transplantation Improved Sciatic Nerve Regeneration in Rats: Autologous Nerve Graft Model. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:86. [PMID: 29559908 PMCID: PMC5845725 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined the effect of transplantation of allogenic adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) with properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on posttraumatic sciatic nerve regeneration in rats. We suggested an approach to rat sciatic nerve reconstruction using the nerve from the other leg as a graft. The comparison was that of a critical 10 mm nerve defect repaired by means of autologous nerve grafting versus an identical lesion on the contralateral side. In this experimental model, the same animal acts simultaneously as a test model, and control. Regeneration of the left nerve was enhanced by the use of ADSCs, whereas the right nerve healed under natural conditions. Thus the effects of individual differences were excluded and a result closer to clinical practice obtained. We observed significant destructive changes in the sciatic nerve tissue after surgery which resulted in the formation of combined contractures in knee and ankle joints of both limbs and neurotrophic ulcers only on the right limb. The stimulation of regeneration by ADSCs increased the survival of spinal L5 ganglia neurons by 26.4%, improved sciatic nerve vascularization by 35.68% and increased the number of myelin fibers in the distal nerve by 41.87%. Moreover, we have demonstrated that S100, PMP2, and PMP22 gene expression levels are suppressed in response to trauma as compared to intact animals. We have shown that ADSC-based therapy contributes to significant improvement in the regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan Masgutov
- OpenLab "Gene and Cell Technologies", Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.,Republican Clinical Hospital, Kazan, Russia
| | - Galina Masgutova
- OpenLab "Gene and Cell Technologies", Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Liliya Mukhametova
- OpenLab "Gene and Cell Technologies", Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Garanina
- OpenLab "Gene and Cell Technologies", Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Svetlana S Arkhipova
- OpenLab "Gene and Cell Technologies", Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Elena Zakirova
- OpenLab "Gene and Cell Technologies", Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Yana O Mukhamedshina
- OpenLab "Gene and Cell Technologies", Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.,Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Zhuravleva Margarita
- OpenLab "Gene and Cell Technologies", Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Zarema Gilazieva
- OpenLab "Gene and Cell Technologies", Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Valeriia Syromiatnikova
- OpenLab "Gene and Cell Technologies", Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Adelya Mullakhmetova
- OpenLab "Gene and Cell Technologies", Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Gulnaz Kadyrova
- OpenLab "Gene and Cell Technologies", Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Mariya Nigmetzyanova
- OpenLab "Gene and Cell Technologies", Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | | | - Pankov Igor
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kazan State Medical Academy, Kazan, Russia
| | | | - Albert Rizvanov
- OpenLab "Gene and Cell Technologies", Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
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12
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Jiang B, Zhang Y, Zhao J, She C, Zhou X, Dong Q, Wang P. Effects of Localized X-Ray Irradiation on Peripheral Nerve Regeneration in Transected Sciatic Nerve in Rats. Radiat Res 2017; 188:455-462. [PMID: 28796579 DOI: 10.1667/rr14799.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Low-dose radiation has been used in clinical and experimental models for the prevention of scarring and for fracture healing. There is evidence that low-dose radiation improves the hormesis of various cell types but little is known about its effects on peripheral nerve tissue. In this study, we investigated the beneficial effects of low-dose radiation on the regeneration of transectional peripheral nerve injury in an experimental rat model. Seventy-two male Sprague-Dawley rats received transection injury to the left sciatic nerves, and the nerves were subsequently sutured by epineurium end-to-end anastomosis to restore continuity. Animals were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups (n = 36/group): 1 Gy X-ray irradiation or control (sham irradiation). Gait analysis, electrophysiological examination and morphological investigations were performed. In addition, Western blot and qRT-PCR were performed to determine the level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43). Content of VEGF and GAP-43 in the regenerated sciatic nerve of the irradiated group was higher than the control group. At 4 to 12 weeks after surgery, the irradiated animals exhibited a significantly improved functional recovery relative to controls. At 12 weeks after surgery, amplitude and conduction velocity of the irradiated group were higher than the control group (P < 0.05). The number of nerve fibers, diameter of axons and morphological structure of the myelin sheath in the irradiated group were superior to those of the control group. These results suggest that low-dose radiation contributed to regeneration and functional recovery after transverse peripheral nerve injury by inducing increased production of VEGF and GAP-43, which promote the axonal regeneration and myelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jiang
- a Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhang
- a Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P. R. China
| | - Jiaju Zhao
- a Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P. R. China
| | - Chang She
- b Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P. R. China
| | - Xiaozhong Zhou
- b Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P. R. China
| | - Qirong Dong
- b Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P. R. China
| | - Peiji Wang
- a Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P. R. China
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13
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Shi X, Lu L, Jin X, Liu B, Sun X, Lu L, Jiang Y. GRIN3A and MAPT stimulate nerve overgrowth in macrodactyly. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:5637-5643. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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14
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C3a Increases VEGF and Decreases PEDF mRNA Levels in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:6958752. [PMID: 27747237 PMCID: PMC5055919 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6958752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Complement activation, specifically complement 3 (C3) activation and C3a generation, contributes to an imbalance between angiogenic stimulation by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiogenic inhibition by pigment epithelial derived factor (PEDF), leading to pathological angiogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of C3a and small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting C3 on the levels of VEGF and PEDF mRNAs in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. ARPE-19 cells were cultured in the presence of exogenous C3a at 0.1 μM and 0.3 μM C3a for 24, 48, and 72 hours. 0.1 pmol/μL duplexes of siRNA targeting C3 were applied for C3a inhibition by transfecting ARPE-19 cells for 48 hours. RT-PCR was performed to examine the level of VEGF and PEDF mRNA. A random siRNA duplex was set for control siRNA. Results demonstrated that exogenous C3a significantly upregulated VEGF and downregulated PEDF mRNA levels in cultured ARPE-19 cells, and siRNA targeting C3 transfection reversed the above changes, significantly reducing VEGF and enhancing PEDF mRNAs level in ARPE-19 cells compared to the control. The present data provided evidence that reducing C3 activation can decreases VEGF and increase PEDF mRNA level in RPE and may serve as a potential therapy in pathological angiogenesis.
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15
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Bianco J, De Berdt P, Deumens R, des Rieux A. Taking a bite out of spinal cord injury: do dental stem cells have the teeth for it? Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:1413-37. [PMID: 26768693 PMCID: PMC11108394 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-2126-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dental stem cells are an emerging star on a stage that is already quite populated. Recently, there has been a lot of hype concerning these cells in dental therapies, especially in regenerative endodontics. It is fitting that most research is concentrated on dental regeneration, although other uses for these cells need to be explored in more detail. Being a true mesenchymal stem cell, their capacities could also prove beneficial in areas outside their natural environment. One such field is the central nervous system, and in particular, repairing the injured spinal cord. One of the most formidable challenges in regenerative medicine is to restore function to the injured spinal cord, and as yet, a cure for paralysis remains to be discovered. A variety of approaches have already been tested, with graft-based strategies utilising cells harbouring appropriate properties for neural regeneration showing encouraging results. Here we present a review focusing on properties of dental stem cells that endorse their use in regenerative medicine, with particular emphasis on repairing the damaged spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Bianco
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier, 73, B1 73.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
- Integrated Center for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, International Clinical Research Center (FNUSA-ICRC), St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Pekařská 53, 656 91, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Pauline De Berdt
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier, 73, B1 73.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ronald Deumens
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate B1.54.10, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne des Rieux
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier, 73, B1 73.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, 1348, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
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16
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Sene A, Chin-Yee D, Apte RS. Seeing through VEGF: innate and adaptive immunity in pathological angiogenesis in the eye. Trends Mol Med 2015; 21:43-51. [PMID: 25457617 PMCID: PMC4282831 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The central role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling in regulating normal vascular development and pathological angiogenesis has been documented in multiple studies. Ocular anti-VEGF therapy is highly effective for treating a subset of patients with blinding eye disorders such as diabetic retinopathy and neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, chronic VEGF suppression can lead to adverse effects associated with poor visual outcomes due to the loss of prosurvival and neurotrophic capacities of VEGF. In this review, we discuss emerging evidence for immune-related mechanisms that regulate ocular angiogenesis in a VEGF-independent manner. These novel molecular and cellular pathways may provide potential therapeutic avenues for a multitarget strategy, preserving the neuroprotective functions of VEGF in those patients whose disease is unresponsive to VEGF neutralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdoulaye Sene
- Department of Ophthalmology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
| | - David Chin-Yee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rajendra S Apte
- Department of Ophthalmology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA; Neuroscience Program, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
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