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Nayak DK, Sahoo S, Barik SR, Sanghamitra P, Sangeeta S, Pandit E, Reshmi Raj KR, Basak N, Pradhan SK. Association mapping for protein, total soluble sugars, starch, amylose and chlorophyll content in rice. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:620. [PMID: 36581797 PMCID: PMC9801606 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-04015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein, starch, amylose and total soluble sugars are basic metabolites of seed that influence the eating, cooking and nutritional qualities of rice. Chlorophyll is responsible for the absorption and utilization of the light energy influencing photosynthetic efficiency in rice plant. Mapping of these traits are very important for detection of more number of robust markers for improvement of these traits through molecular breeding approaches. RESULTS A representative panel population was developed by including 120 germplasm lines from the initial shortlisted 274 lines for mapping of the six biochemical traits using 136 microsatellite markers through association mapping. A wide genetic variation was detected for the traits, total protein, starch, amylose, total soluble sugars, chlorophyll a, and chlorophyll b content in the population. Specific allele frequency, gene diversity, informative markers and other diversity parameters obtained from the population indicated the effectiveness of utilization of the population and markers for mapping of these traits. The fixation indices values estimated from the population indicated the existence of linkage disequilibrium for the six traits. The population genetic structure at K = 3 showed correspondence with majority of the members in each group for the six traits. The reported QTL, qProt1, qPC6.2, and qPC8.2 for protein content; qTSS8.1 for total soluble sugar; qAC1.2 for amylose content; qCH2 and qSLCHH for chlorophyll a (Chl. a) while qChl5D for chlorophyll b (Chl. b) were validated in this population. The QTL controlling total protein content qPC1.2; qTSS7.1, qTSS8.2 and qTSS12.1 for total soluble sugars; qSC2.1, qSC2.2, qSC6.1 and qSC11.1 for starch content; qAC11.1, qAC11.2 and qAC11.3 for amylose content; qChla8.1 for Chl. a content and qChlb7.1 and qChlb8.1 for Chl. b identified by both Generalized Linear Model and Mixed Linear Model were detected as novel QTL. The chromosomal regions on chromosome 8 at 234 cM for grain protein content and total soluble sugars and at 363 cM for Chl. a and Chl. b along with the position at 48 cM on chromosome 11 for starch and amylose content are genetic hot spots for these traits. CONCLUSION The validated, co-localized and the novel QTL detected in this study will be useful for improvement of protein, starch, amylose, total soluble sugars and chlorophyll content in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Nayak
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India
| | - S Sahoo
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India
- College of Agriculture, OUAT, Bhabaneswar, Odisha, 751003, India
| | - S R Barik
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India
| | - P Sanghamitra
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India
| | - S Sangeeta
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India
| | - E Pandit
- Fakir Mohan University, Balasore, Odisha, 756020, India
| | - K R Reshmi Raj
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India
| | - N Basak
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India
| | - S K Pradhan
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India.
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Yang B, Chen N, Dang Y, Wang Y, Wen H, Zheng J, Zheng X, Zhao J, Lu J, Qiao L. Identification and validation of quantitative trait loci for chlorophyll content of flag leaf in wheat under different phosphorus treatments. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1019012. [PMID: 36466250 PMCID: PMC9714299 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1019012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In wheat, the leaf chlorophyll content in flag leaves is closely related to the degree of phosphorus stress. Identifying major genes/loci associated with chlorophyll content in flag leaves under different phosphorus conditions is critical for breeding wheat varieties resistant to low phosphorus (P). Under normal, medium, and low phosphorus conditions, the chlorophyll content of flag leaves was investigated by a double haploid (DH) population derived from a cross between two popular wheat varieties Jinmai 47 and Jinmai 84, at different grain filling stages. Chlorophyll content of the DH population and parents decreased gradually during the S1 to the S3 stages and rapidly at the S4 stage. At the S4 stage, the chlorophyll content of the DH population under low phosphorus conditions was significantly lower than under normal phosphate conditions. Using a wheat 15K single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panel, a total of 157 QTLs were found to be associated with chlorophyll content in flag leaf and were identified under three phosphorus conditions. The phenotypic variation explained (PVE) ranged from 3.07 to 31.66%. Under three different phosphorus conditions, 36, 30, and 48 QTLs for chlorophyll content were identified, respectively. Six major QTLs Qchl.saw-2B.1, Qchl.saw-3B.1, Qchl.saw-4D.1, Qchl.saw-4D.2, Qchl.saw-5A.9 and Qchl.saw-6A.4 could be detected under multiple phosphorus conditions in which Qchl.saw-4D.1, Qchl.saw-4D.2, and Qchl.saw-6A.4 were revealed to be novel major QTLs. Moreover, the closely linked SNP markers of Qchl.saw-4D.1 and Qchl.saw-4D.2 were validated as KASP markers in a DH population sharing the common parent Jinmai 84, showed extreme significance (P <0.01) in more than three environments under different phosphorus conditions, which has the potential to be utilized in molecular marker-assisted breeding for low phosphorus tolerance in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- Institute of Wheat Research, State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Linfen, China
| | - Nan Chen
- Institute of Wheat Research, State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Linfen, China
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yifei Dang
- Institute of Wheat Research, State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Linfen, China
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yuzhi Wang
- Institute of Wheat Research, State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Linfen, China
| | - Hongwei Wen
- Institute of Wheat Research, State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Linfen, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Institute of Wheat Research, State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Linfen, China
| | - Xingwei Zheng
- Institute of Wheat Research, State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Linfen, China
| | - Jiajia Zhao
- Institute of Wheat Research, State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Linfen, China
| | - Jinxiu Lu
- Institute of Wheat Research, State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Linfen, China
| | - Ling Qiao
- Institute of Wheat Research, State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Linfen, China
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Yang B, Wen X, Wen H, Feng Y, Zhao J, Wu B, Zheng X, Yang C, Yang S, Qiao L, Zheng J. Identification of Genetic Loci Affecting Flag Leaf Chlorophyll in Wheat Grown under Different Water Regimes. Front Genet 2022; 13:832898. [PMID: 35368684 PMCID: PMC8965356 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.832898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorophyll content of the flag leaf is an important trait for drought resistance in wheat under drought stress. Understanding the regulatory mechanism of flag leaf chlorophyll content could accelerate breeding for drought resistance. In this study, we constructed a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population from a cross of drought-sensitive variety DH118 and drought-resistant variety Jinmai 919, and analyzed the chlorophyll contents of flag leaves in six experimental locations/years using the Wheat90K single-nucleotide polymorphism array. A total of 29 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling flag leaf chlorophyll were detected with contributions to phenotypic variation ranging from 4.67 to 23.25%. Twelve QTLs were detected under irrigated conditions and 18 were detected under dryland (drought) conditions. Most of the QTLs detected under the different water regimes were different. Four major QTLs (Qchl.saw-3B.2, Qchl.saw-5A.2, Qchl.saw-5A.3, and Qchl.saw-5B.2) were detected in the RIL population. Qchl.saw-3B.2, possibly more suitable for marker-assisted selection of genotypes adapted to irrigated conditions, was validated by a tightly linked kompetitive allele specific PCR (KASP) marker in a doubled haploid population derived from a different cross. Qchl.saw-5A.3, a novel stably expressed QTL, was detected in the dryland environments and explained up to 23.25% of the phenotypic variation, and has potential for marker-assisted breeding of genotypes adapted to dryland conditions. The stable and major QTLs identified here add valuable information for understanding the genetic mechanism underlying chlorophyll content and provide a basis for molecular marker–assisted breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- Institute of Wheat Research, Shanxi Agricultural University/ State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Linfen, China
- College of Agricultural Economics and Management, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaojie Wen
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Wen
- Institute of Wheat Research, Shanxi Agricultural University/ State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Linfen, China
| | - Yanru Feng
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Crop Science, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Physiology, Institute for Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jiajia Zhao
- Institute of Wheat Research, Shanxi Agricultural University/ State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Linfen, China
| | - Bangbang Wu
- Institute of Wheat Research, Shanxi Agricultural University/ State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Linfen, China
| | - Xingwei Zheng
- Institute of Wheat Research, Shanxi Agricultural University/ State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Linfen, China
| | - Chenkang Yang
- Institute of Wheat Research, Shanxi Agricultural University/ State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Linfen, China
| | - Sanwei Yang
- College of Agricultural Economics and Management, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China
- *Correspondence: Sanwei Yang, ; Ling Qiao, ; Jun Zheng,
| | - Ling Qiao
- Institute of Wheat Research, Shanxi Agricultural University/ State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Linfen, China
- *Correspondence: Sanwei Yang, ; Ling Qiao, ; Jun Zheng,
| | - Jun Zheng
- Institute of Wheat Research, Shanxi Agricultural University/ State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Linfen, China
- *Correspondence: Sanwei Yang, ; Ling Qiao, ; Jun Zheng,
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Ullah S, Zhao Q, Wu K, Ali I, Liang H, Iqbal A, Wei S, Cheng F, Ahmad S, Jiang L, Gillani SW, Amanullah, Anwar S, Khan Z. Biochar application to rice with 15N-labelled fertilizers, enhanced leaf nitrogen concentration and assimilation by improving morpho-physiological traits and soil quality. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:3399-3413. [PMID: 34121878 PMCID: PMC8176087 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaf nitrogen (N) concentration plays an important role in biochemical and physiological functions, and N availability directly influences rice yield. However, excessive N fertilization is considered to be a root cause of environmental issues and low nitrogen use efficiency. Therefore, the selection of appropriate nutrient management practices and organic amendments is key to maximizing nitrogen uptake and maintaining high and sustainable rice production. Here, we evaluated the effects of different 15N-labelled nitrogen sources (urea, ammonium nitrate, and ammonium sulfate at 315 kg ha-1) with or without biochar (30 t ha-1) on paddy soil properties, root growth, leaf gas exchange, N metabolism enzymes, and N uptake in the early and late seasons of 2019. We found significant differences among N fertilizer sources applied with or without biochar (P < 0.05). Across the seasons, the combination of biochar with N fertilizers significantly increased soil organic carbon by 51.21% and nitrogen availability by 27.51% compared with N fertilizers alone. Correlation analysis showed that rice root morphological traits were strongly related to soil chemical properties, and higher root growth was measured in the biochar treatments. Similarly, net leaf photosynthetic rate averaged 9.34% higher, chlorophyll (Chl) a concentration 12.91% higher, and Chl b concentration 10.05% higher in the biochar treatments than in the biochar-free treatments across the seasons. Notably, leaf 15N concentration was 23.19% higher in the biochar treatments in both seasons. These results illustrated higher activities of N metabolism enzymes such as NR, GS, and GOGAT by an average 23.44%, 11.26% and 18.16% in the biochar treatments across the seasons, respectively. The addition of biochar with synthetic N fertilizers is an ecological nutrient management strategy that can increase N uptake and assimilation by ameliorating soil properties and improving the morpho-physiological factors of rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saif Ullah
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Farming System, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Quan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Farming System, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Ke Wu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Farming System, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Izhar Ali
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Farming System, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - He Liang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Farming System, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Anas Iqbal
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Farming System, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Shanqing Wei
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Farming System, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Fangwei Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Farming System, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Shakeel Ahmad
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Farming System, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Ligeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Farming System, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Syeda Wajeeha Gillani
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Amanullah
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan
| | - Shazma Anwar
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan
| | - Zaid Khan
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan
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Puttamadanayaka S, Harikrishna, Balaramaiah M, Biradar S, Parmeshwarappa SV, Sinha N, Prasad SVS, Mishra PC, Jain N, Singh PK, Singh GP, Prabhu KV. Mapping genomic regions of moisture deficit stress tolerance using backcross inbred lines in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Sci Rep 2020; 10:21646. [PMID: 33303897 PMCID: PMC7729395 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78671-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of markers associated with major physiological and yield component traits under moisture deficit stress conditions in preferred donor lines paves the way for marker-assisted selection (MAS). In the present study, a set of 183 backcross inbred lines (BILs) derived from the cross HD2733/2*C306 were genotyped using 35K Axiom genotyping array and SSR markers. The multi-trait, multi-location field phenotyping of BILs was done at three locations covering two major wheat growing zones of India, north-western plains zone (NWPZ) and central zone (CZ) under varying moisture regimes. A linkage map was constructed using 705 SNPs and 86 SSR polymorphic markers. A total of 43 genomic regions and QTL × QTL epistatic interactions were identified for 14 physiological and yield component traits, including NDVI, chlorophyll content, CT, CL, PH, GWPS, TGW and GY. Chromosomes 2A, 5D, 5A and 4B harbors greater number of QTLs for these traits. Seven Stable QTLs were identified across environment for DH (QDh.iari_6D), GWPS (QGWPS.iari_5B), PH (QPh.iari_4B-2, QPh.iari_4B-3) and NDVI (QNdvi1.iari_5D, QNdvi3.iari_5A). Nine genomic regions identified carrying major QTLs for CL, NDVI, RWC, FLA, PH, TGW and biomass explaining 10.32–28.35% of the phenotypic variance. The co-segregation of QTLs of physiological traits with yield component traits indicate the pleiotropic effects and their usefulness in the breeding programme. Our findings will be useful in dissecting genetic nature and marker-assisted selection for moisture deficit stress tolerance in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Harikrishna
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India.
| | - Manu Balaramaiah
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Sunil Biradar
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | | | - Nivedita Sinha
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - S V Sai Prasad
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - P C Mishra
- Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, 482 004, India
| | - Neelu Jain
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
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Yan X, Wang S, Yang B, Zhang W, Cao Y, Shi Y, Sun D, Jing R. QTL mapping for flag leaf-related traits and genetic effect of QFLW-6A on flag leaf width using two related introgression line populations in wheat. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229912. [PMID: 32191715 PMCID: PMC7082017 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The flag leaf is the main organ of photosynthesis during grain-filling period of wheat, and flag leaf-related traits affect plant morphology and yield potential. In this study, two BC3F6 introgression line (IL) populations derived from the common recipient parent Lumai 14 with Jing 411 and Shaanhan 8675, respectively, were used to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for flag leaf length (FLL), flag leaf width (FLW), flag leaf area (FLA) and chlorophyll content (CC) at flowering stage and 15 and 20 days after anthesis (DAA) in 2016–2017 (E1) and 2017–2018 (E2) two environments. A total of 14 and 15 QTLs for flag leaf-related traits were detected in Lumai 14 / Jing 411 and Lumai 14 / Shaanhan 8675 populations, respectively. Among them, Both QFLW-6A and QFLA-6A were detected in Lumai 14 / Jing 411 population under E2 and in Lumai 14 / Shaanhan 8675 population under E1 and E2 environments, respectively. QCCS2-3A from Lumai 14 / Jing 411 population and QCCS3-1A, QFLL-4A and QFLL-6A from Lumai 14 / Shaanhan 8675 population were repeatedly identified under two tested environments. Moreover, eight QTL clusters controlling flag leaf-related traits were identified, which provided a genetic basis for significant correlations in phenotype among these traits. On the other hand, positive alleles of QFLW-6A for FLW detected in two populations were derived from their donors. Eighteen lines and 44 lines carried this QTL were found in Lumai 14 / Jing 411 and Lumai 14 / Shaanhan 8675 populations, respectively. The means of FLW in these lines were wider than that of the recipient parent, Lumai 14, in two environments, suggesting that QFLW-6A played an important role for increasing FLW. The IL 124 in Lumai 14 / Jing 411 population and the IL 59 and IL 127 in Lumai 14 / Shaanhan 8675 population had five, five and four donor chromosomal segments which carried no other QTL controlling FLW than QFLW-6A, respectively. And the FLWs of these lines were significantly greater than that of Lumai 14 under two environments. So these lines and their donor parent can be regarded as potential near-isogenic lines. Further, a synteny analysis found QFLW-6A was near the 574,283,851–574,283,613 bp fragment on chromosome 6A and 10 genes were in the range of 500 kb upstream and downstream of the fragment. These results provide the basis for identification of candidate gene and map-based cloning and functional verification of the QTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yan
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Shuguang Wang
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Wheat Research Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Linfen, Shanxi, China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Yaping Cao
- Wheat Research Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Linfen, Shanxi, China
| | - Yugang Shi
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Daizhen Sun
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
- * E-mail: (DS); (RJ)
| | - Ruilian Jing
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Crop Science, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (DS); (RJ)
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Li J, Essemine J, Shang C, Zhang H, Zhu X, Yu J, Chen G, Qu M, Sun D. Combined Proteomics and Metabolism Analysis Unravels Prominent Roles of Antioxidant System in the Prevention of Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) against Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E909. [PMID: 32019165 PMCID: PMC7037825 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Alfalfa is the most extensively cultivated forage legume worldwide, and salinity constitutes the main environmental scourge limiting its growth and productivity. To unravel the potential molecular mechanism involved in salt tolerance in alfalfa, we accomplished a combined analysis of parallel reaction monitoring-based proteomic technique and targeted metabolism. Based on proteomic analysis, salt stress induced 226 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs). Among them, 118 DAPs related to the antioxidant system, including glutathione metabolism and oxidation-reduction pathways, were significantly up-regulated. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD017166. Overall, 107 determined metabolites revealed that the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, especially the malate to oxaloacetate conversion step, was strongly stimulated by salt stress. This leads to an up-regulation by about 5 times the ratio of NADPH/NADP+, as well as about 3 to 5 times in the antioxidant enzymes activities, including those of catalase and peroxidase and proline contents. However, the expression levels of DAPs related to the Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycle and photorespiration pathway were dramatically inhibited following salt treatment. Consistently, metabolic analysis showed that the metabolite amounts related to carbon assimilation and photorespiration decreased by about 40% after exposure to 200 mM NaCl for 14 d, leading ultimately to a reduction in net photosynthesis by around 30%. Our findings highlighted also the importance of the supplied extra reducing power, thanks to the TCA cycle, in the well-functioning of glutathione to remove and scavenge the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitigate subsequently the oxidative deleterious effect of salt on carbon metabolism including the CBB cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jikai Li
- Institute of Grass Research, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150080, China; (J.L.); (C.S.); (H.Z.)
| | - Jemaa Essemine
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.E.); (G.C.)
| | - Chen Shang
- Institute of Grass Research, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150080, China; (J.L.); (C.S.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hailing Zhang
- Institute of Grass Research, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150080, China; (J.L.); (C.S.); (H.Z.)
| | - Xiaocen Zhu
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China;
| | - Jialin Yu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
| | - Genyun Chen
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.E.); (G.C.)
| | - Mingnan Qu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.E.); (G.C.)
| | - Dequan Sun
- Institute of Grass Research, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150080, China; (J.L.); (C.S.); (H.Z.)
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de Oliveira Silva FM, Lichtenstein G, Alseekh S, Rosado-Souza L, Conte M, Suguiyama VF, Lira BS, Fanourakis D, Usadel B, Bhering LL, DaMatta FM, Sulpice R, Araújo WL, Rossi M, de Setta N, Fernie AR, Carrari F, Nunes-Nesi A. The genetic architecture of photosynthesis and plant growth-related traits in tomato. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:327-341. [PMID: 29044606 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
To identify genomic regions involved in the regulation of fundamental physiological processes such as photosynthesis and respiration, a population of Solanum pennellii introgression lines was analyzed. We determined phenotypes for physiological, metabolic, and growth related traits, including gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. Data analysis allowed the identification of 208 physiological and metabolic quantitative trait loci with 33 of these being associated to smaller intervals of the genomic regions, termed BINs. Eight BINs were identified that were associated with higher assimilation rates than the recurrent parent M82. Two and 10 genomic regions were related to shoot and root dry matter accumulation, respectively. Nine genomic regions were associated with starch levels, whereas 12 BINs were associated with the levels of other metabolites. Additionally, a comprehensive and detailed annotation of the genomic regions spanning these quantitative trait loci allowed us to identify 87 candidate genes that putatively control the investigated traits. We confirmed 8 of these at the level of variance in gene expression. Taken together, our results allowed the identification of candidate genes that most likely regulate photosynthesis, primary metabolism, and plant growth and as such provide new avenues for crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriel Lichtenstein
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaría, and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, B1712WAA, Castelar, Argentina
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Laise Rosado-Souza
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Mariana Conte
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaría, and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, B1712WAA, Castelar, Argentina
| | | | - Bruno Silvestre Lira
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Dimitrios Fanourakis
- Department of Viticulture, Floriculture, Vegetable Crops and Plant Protection, GR, 71307, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Björn Usadel
- IBMG: Institute for Biology I, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, IBG-2 Plant Sciences, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Leonardo Lopes Bhering
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fábio M DaMatta
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ronan Sulpice
- Plant Systems Biology Lab, Plant and AgriBiosciences Research Centre, Plant & Agribiosiences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland
| | - Wagner L Araújo
- Max-Planck Partner Group, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Magdalena Rossi
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Nathalia de Setta
- Universidade Federal do ABC, 09606070, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Fernando Carrari
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaría, and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, B1712WAA, Castelar, Argentina
| | - Adriano Nunes-Nesi
- Max-Planck Partner Group, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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9
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Choi SR, Yu X, Dhandapani V, Li X, Wang Z, Lee SY, Oh SH, Pang W, Ramchiary N, Hong CP, Park S, Piao Z, Kim H, Lim YP. Integrated analysis of leaf morphological and color traits in different populations of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2017; 130:1617-1634. [PMID: 28577084 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-017-2914-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
QTLs and candidate gene markers associated with leaf morphological and color traits were identified in two immortalized populations of Brassica rapa, which will provide genetic information for marker-assisted breeding. Brassica rapa is an important leafy vegetable consumed worldwide and morphology is a key character for its breeding. To enhance genetic control, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for leaf color and plant architecture were identified using two immortalized populations with replications of 2 and 4 years. Overall, 158 and 80 QTLs associated with 23 and 14 traits were detected in the DH and RIL populations, respectively. Among them, 23 common robust-QTLs belonging to 12 traits were detected in common loci over the replications. Through comparative analysis, five crucifer genetic blocks corresponding to morphology trait (R, J&U, F and E) and color trait (F, E) were identified in three major linkage groups (A2, A3 and A7). These might be key conserved genomic regions involved with the respective traits. Through synteny analysis with Arabidopsis, 64 candidate genes involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis, cell proliferation and elongation were co-localized within QTL intervals. Among them, SCO3, ABI3, FLU, HCF153, HEMB1, CAB3 were mapped within QTLs for leaf color; and CYCD3;1, CYCB2;4, AN3, ULT1 and ANT were co-localized in QTL regions for leaf size. These robust QTLs and their candidate genes provide useful information for further research into leaf architecture with crop breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Ryun Choi
- Department of Horticulture, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Xiaona Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Vignesh Dhandapani
- Department of Horticulture, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Xiaonan Li
- Department of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Seo Yeon Lee
- Department of Horticulture, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sang Heon Oh
- Department of Horticulture, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Wenxing Pang
- Department of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Nirala Ramchiary
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Suhyoung Park
- Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Zhongyun Piao
- Department of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - HyeRan Kim
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yong Pyo Lim
- Department of Horticulture, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.
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10
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Comparative proteomic analysis of alfalfa revealed new salt and drought stress-related factors involved in seed germination. Mol Biol Rep 2017; 44:261-272. [PMID: 28597411 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-017-4104-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Salinity and drought are two major environmental factors that limit the growth and yield of many forage crops in semi-arid and arid regions. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is one of the most important forage crops in many countries. We aim to investigate the molecular mechanisms of alfalfa in response to salt and drought stresses in this study. Physiological and proteomic analyses were applied to examine the Zhongmu NO.3 alfalfa seed germination stage with 200 mM NaCl and 180 g·L-1 polyethylene glycol (PEG) treatments. The germination ability of the seed and the accumulation of osmotic solutes were quite different between the NaCl and PEG treatments. More than 800 protein spots were detected by proteomics technology on two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) gels. The abundance of twenty-eight proteins were decreased or increased after salt and drought stress. Seventeen of these proteins were identified and classified into six functional categories through mass spectrometry (MS). The six groups involved in salt- and PEG-mediated stress included defense response, energy metabolism, protein synthesis and degradation, oxidative stress, carbohydrate metabolism-associated proteins, and unknown proteins. We discovered that some proteins related to carbohydrate metabolism and energy production increased in abundance under salt- and PEG-mediated drought stress. This demonstrates a common mechanism of energy consumption during abiotic stresses. Further study of these proteins with unknown function will provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of abiotic stress and the discovery of new candidate markers.
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11
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Nunes-Nesi A, Nascimento VDL, de Oliveira Silva FM, Zsögön A, Araújo WL, Sulpice R. Natural genetic variation for morphological and molecular determinants of plant growth and yield. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:2989-3001. [PMID: 27012286 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The rates of increase in yield of the main commercial crops have been steadily falling in many areas worldwide. This generates concerns because there is a growing demand for plant biomass due to the increasing population. Plant yield should thus be improved in the context of climate change and decreasing natural resources. It is a major challenge which could be tackled by improving and/or altering light-use efficiency, CO2 uptake and fixation, primary metabolism, plant architecture and leaf morphology, and developmental plant processes. In this review, we discuss some of the traits which could lead to yield increase, with a focus on how natural genetic variation could be harnessed. Moreover, we provide insights for advancing our understanding of the molecular aspects governing plant growth and yield, and propose future avenues for improvement of crop yield. We also suggest that knowledge accumulated over the last decade in the field of molecular physiology should be integrated into new ideotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Nunes-Nesi
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil Max-Planck Partner Group at the Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vitor de Laia Nascimento
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil Max-Planck Partner Group at the Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Franklin Magnum de Oliveira Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil Max-Planck Partner Group at the Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Agustin Zsögön
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Wagner L Araújo
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil Max-Planck Partner Group at the Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ronan Sulpice
- National University of Ireland, Galway, Plant Systems Biology Lab, Plant and AgriBiosciences Research Centre, School of Natural Sciences, Galway, Ireland
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12
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Yang D, Li M, Liu Y, Chang L, Cheng H, Chen J, Chai S. Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci and Water Environmental Interactions for Developmental Behaviors of Leaf Greenness in Wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:273. [PMID: 27014298 PMCID: PMC4782216 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The maintenance of leaf greenness in wheat, highly responsible for yield potential and resistance to drought stress, has been proved to be quantitatively inherited and susceptible to interact with environments by traditional genetic analysis. In order to further dissect the developmental genetic behaviors of flag leaf greenness under terminal drought, unconditional and conditional QTL mapping strategies were performed with a mixed linear model in 120 F8-derived recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from two Chinese common wheat cultivars (Longjian 19 × Q9086) in different water environments. A total of 65 additive QTLs (A-QTLs) and 42 pairs of epistatic QTLs (AA-QTLs) were identified as distribution on almost all 21 chromosomes except 5A, explaining from 0.24 to 3.29 % of the phenotypic variation. Of these, 22 A-QTLs and 25 pairs of AA-QTLs were common in two sets of mapping methods but the others differed. These putative QTLs were essentially characteristic of time- and environmentally-dependent expression patterns. Indeed some loci were expressed at two or more stages, while no single QTL was continually active through whole measuring duration. More loci were detected in early growth periods but most of QTL × water environment interactions (QEIs) happened in mid-anaphase, where drought stress was more conducted with negative regulation on QTL expressions. Compared to other genetic components, epistatic effects and additive QEIs effects could be predominant in regulating phenotypic variations during the ontogeny of leaf greenness. Several QTL cluster regions were suggestive of tight linkage or expression pleiotropy in the inheritance of these traits. Some reproducibly-expressed QTLs or common loci consistent with previously detected would be useful to the genetic improvement of staygreen types in wheat through MAS, especially in water-deficit environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delong Yang
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science/School of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou, China
| | - Mengfei Li
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science/School of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science/School of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou, China
| | - Lei Chang
- School of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou, China
| | - Hongbo Cheng
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science/School of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science/School of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou, China
| | - Shouxi Chai
- School of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou, China
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13
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Szechyńska-Hebda M, Wąsek I, Gołębiowska-Pikania G, Dubas E, Żur I, Wędzony M. Photosynthesis-dependent physiological and genetic crosstalk between cold acclimation and cold-induced resistance to fungal pathogens in triticale (Triticosecale Wittm.). JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 177:30-43. [PMID: 25666539 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2014.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/06/2014] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The breeding for resistance against fungal pathogens in winter triticale (Triticosecale Wittm.) continues to be hindered by a complexity of the resistance mechanisms, strong interaction with environmental conditions, and dependence on the plant genotype. We showed, that temperature below 4 °C induced the plant genotype-dependent resistance against the fungal pathogen Microdochium nivale. The mechanism involved, at least, the adjustment of the reactions in the PSII proximity and photoprotection, followed by an improvement of the growth and development. The genotypes capable to develop the cold-induced resistance, showed a higher maximum quantum yield of PSII and a more efficient integration of the primary photochemistry of light reactions with the dark reactions. Moreover, induction of the photoprotective mechanism, involving at least the peroxidases scavenging hydrogen peroxide, was observed for such genotypes. Adjustment of the photosynthesis and stress acclimation has enabled fast plant growth and avoidance of the developmental stages sensitive to fungal infection. The same mechanisms allowed the quick regrow of plants during the post-disease period. In contrast, genotypes that were unable to develop resistance despite cold hardening had less flexible balancing of the photoprotection and photoinhibition processes. Traits related to: photosynthesis-dependent cold-acclimation and cold-induced resistance; biomass accumulation and growth; as well as protection system involving peroxidases; were integrated also at a genetic level. Analysing 95 lines of the mapping population SaKa3006×Modus we determined region on chromosomes 5B and 7R shared within all tested traits. Moreover, similar expression pattern of a set of the genes related to PSII was determined with the metaanalysis of the multiple microarray experiments. Comparable results for peroxidases, involving APXs and GPXs and followed by PRXs, indicated a similar function during cold acclimation and defense responses. These data provide a new insight into the cross talk between cold acclimation and cold-induced resistance in triticale, indicating a key role of photosynthesis-related processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Szechyńska-Hebda
- Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Krakow, Poland; Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Horiculture Biotechnology and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Iwona Wąsek
- Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Ewa Dubas
- Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Iwona Żur
- Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Maria Wędzony
- Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Krakow, Poland; Pedagogical University of Krakow, Podchorążych 2, 30-084 Krakow, Poland
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14
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Hamblin J, Stefanova K, Angessa TT. Variation in chlorophyll content per unit leaf area in spring wheat and implications for selection in segregating material. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92529. [PMID: 24676338 PMCID: PMC3967994 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Reduced levels of leaf chlorophyll content per unit leaf area in crops may be of advantage in the search for higher yields. Possible reasons include better light distribution in the crop canopy and less photochemical damage to leaves absorbing more light energy than required for maximum photosynthesis. Reduced chlorophyll may also reduce the heat load at the top of canopy, reducing water requirements to cool leaves. Chloroplasts are nutrient rich and reducing their number may increase available nutrients for growth and development. To determine whether this hypothesis has any validity in spring wheat requires an understanding of genotypic differences in leaf chlorophyll content per unit area in diverse germplasm. This was measured with a SPAD 502 as SPAD units. The study was conducted in series of environments involving up to 28 genotypes, mainly spring wheat. In general, substantial and repeatable genotypic variation was observed. Consistent SPAD readings were recorded for different sampling positions on leaves, between different leaves on single plant, between different plants of the same genotype, and between different genotypes grown in the same or different environments. Plant nutrition affected SPAD units in nutrient poor environments. Wheat genotypes DBW 10 and Transfer were identified as having consistent and contrasting high and low average SPAD readings of 52 and 32 units, respectively, and a methodology to allow selection in segregating populations has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Hamblin
- Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Katia Stefanova
- Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Tefera Tolera Angessa
- School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
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15
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Czyczyło-Mysza I, Tyrka M, Marcińska I, Skrzypek E, Karbarz M, Dziurka M, Hura T, Dziurka K, Quarrie SA. Quantitative trait loci for leaf chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in relation to biomass and yield in bread wheat and their chromosome deletion bin assignments. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2013; 32:189-210. [PMID: 23794940 PMCID: PMC3684715 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-013-9862-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/16/2013] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Relatively little is known of the genetic control of chlorophyll fluorescence (CF) and pigment traits important in determining efficiency of photosynthesis in wheat and its association with biomass productivity. A doubled haploid population of 94 lines from the wheat cross Chinese Spring × SQ1 was trialled under optimum glasshouse conditions for 4 years to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for CF traits including, for the first time in wheat, JIP-test parameters per excited cross section (CSm): ABS/CSm, DIo/CSm, TRo/CSm, RC/CSm and ETo/CSm, key parameters determining efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus, as well as chlorophyll and carotenoid contents to establish associations with biomass and grain yield. The existing genetic map was extended to 920 loci by adding Diversity Arrays Technology markers. Markers and selected genes for photosynthetic light reactions, pigment metabolism and biomass accumulation were located to chromosome deletion bins. Across all CF traits and years, 116 QTL for CF were located on all chromosomes except 7B, and 39 QTL were identified for pigments on the majority of chromosomes, excluding 1A, 2A, 4A, 3B, 5B, 1D, 2D, 5D, 6D and 7D. Thirty QTL for plant productivity traits were mapped on chromosomes 3A, 5A, 6A, 7A, 1B, 2B, 4B, 6B, 7B, 3D and 4D. A region on chromosome 6B was identified where 14 QTL for CF parameters coincided with QTL for chlorophyll content and grain weight per ear. Thirty-five QTL regions were coincident with candidate genes. The environment was shown to dominate in determining expression of genes for those traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Czyczyło-Mysza
- The F. Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - M. Tyrka
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Rzeszow University of Technology, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - I. Marcińska
- The F. Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - E. Skrzypek
- The F. Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - M. Karbarz
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology and Basic Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - M. Dziurka
- The F. Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - T. Hura
- The F. Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - K. Dziurka
- The F. Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - S. A. Quarrie
- Faculty of Biology, Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
- Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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16
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Flood PJ, Harbinson J, Aarts MGM. Natural genetic variation in plant photosynthesis. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2011; 16:327-35. [PMID: 21435936 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2011.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2010] [Revised: 02/02/2011] [Accepted: 02/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Natural genetic variation in plant photosynthesis is a largely unexplored and as a result an underused genetic resource for crop improvement. Numerous studies show genetic variation in photosynthetic traits in both crop and wild species, and there is an increasingly detailed knowledge base concerning the interaction of photosynthetic phenotypes with their environment. The genetic factors that cause this variation remain largely unknown. Investigations into natural genetic variation in photosynthesis will provide insights into the genetic regulation of this complex trait. Such insights can be used to understand evolutionary processes that affect primary production, allow greater understanding of the genetic regulation of photosynthesis and ultimately increase the productivity of our crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pádraic J Flood
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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