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Ando M, Aoki Y, Sano Y, Adachi J, Sana M, Miyabe S, Watanabe S, Hasegawa S, Miyachi H, Machida J, Goto M, Tokita Y. Novel frameshift variant of WNT10A in a Japanese patient with hypodontia. Hum Genome Var 2024; 11:5. [PMID: 38263268 PMCID: PMC10806032 DOI: 10.1038/s41439-023-00259-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Congenital tooth agenesis is caused by the impairment of crucial genes related to tooth development, such as Wnt signaling pathway genes. Here, we investigated the genetic causes of sporadic congenital tooth agenesis. Exome sequencing, followed by Sanger sequencing, identified a novel single-nucleotide deletion in WNT10A (NC_000002.12(NM_025216.3):c.802del), which was not found in the healthy parents of the patient. Thus, we concluded that the variant was the genetic cause of the patient's agenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiyo Ando
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Disease Model, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Aoki
- Department of Disease Model, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Okazaki Municipal Hospital, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Yasuto Sano
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Disease Model, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Junya Adachi
- Department of Disease Model, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Toyohashi Municipal Hospital, Toyohashi, Japan
| | | | - Satoru Miyabe
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoshi Watanabe
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shogo Hasegawa
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Miyachi
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Junichiro Machida
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Toyota Memorial Hospital, Toyota, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Goto
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Tokita
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan.
- Department of Disease Model, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai, Japan.
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Duke A, Paterson M, P Ashley M, MacNab L. The genetic basis of hypodontia in dental development. Br Dent J 2023; 235:525-528. [PMID: 37828195 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-023-6384-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Dental agenesis is one of the most common developmental anomalies in humans, characterised by the developmental absence of one or more teeth. It can present as an isolated condition (non-syndromic hypodontia) or associated with a syndrome (syndromic hypodontia). This paper aims to review the genetic basis of hypodontia with reference to aetiology, classification and the subsequent clinical features.Significant progress has been made to identify the developmental basis of tooth formation, though there is still a lack of knowledge within the literature of the aetiological basis of inherited tooth loss.Gene anomalies or mutations in WNT10A, MSX1, PAX9, AXIN2 and EDA appear to be most critical during tooth development, leading to various forms of tooth agenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Duke
- Aberdeen Dental Hospital and Institute of Dentistry, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
| | - Michael Paterson
- James Cook University Hospital, South Tees Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | - Lorna MacNab
- Glasgow Dental Hospital and School, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
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Fan L, Ma L, Zhu G, Yao S, Li X, Yu X, Pan Y, Wang L. A Genome-wide association study of premolar agenesis in a chinese population. Oral Dis 2023; 29:1102-1114. [PMID: 34878701 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Premolar agenesis is a common subtype of tooth agenesis. Although a genome-wide study (GWAS) has identified some variants involved in tooth agenesis in Europeans, the genetic mutation related to premolar agenesis in the Chinese population remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS We present a GWAS in 218 premolar agenesis cases and 1,222 controls using the Illumina Infinium® Global Screening Array. 5,585,618 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used for tests of associations with premolar agenesis. RESULTS Four independent SNPs on chromosome 2 were identified as susceptibility loci, including rs147680216, rs79743039, rs60540881, and rs6738629. The genome-wide significant SNP rs147680216 (p = 6.09 × 10-9 ) was predicted to change the structure of the WNT10A protein and interact with hedgehog signaling pathway components. Meta-analysis showed that the rs147680216 A allele significantly increased the risk of tooth agenesis (p = 0.000). The other three SNPs with nominal significance are novel susceptibility loci. Of them, rs6738629 (p = 5.40 × 10-6 ) acts as a potential transcriptional regulator of GCC2, a gene playing a putative role in dental and craniofacial development. CONCLUSION Our GWAS indicates that rs147680216 and additional three novel susceptibility loci on chromosome 2 are associated with the risk of premolar agenesis in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Fan
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lan Ma
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guirong Zhu
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Siyue Yao
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongchu Pan
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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REN J, ZHAO Y, YUAN Y, ZHANG J, DING Y, LI M, AN Y, CHEN W, ZHANG L, LIU B, ZHENG S, SHEN W. Novel PAX9 compound heterozygous variants in a Chinese family with non-syndromic oligodontia and genotype-phenotype analysis of PAX9 variants. J Appl Oral Sci 2023; 31:e20220403. [PMID: 36995881 PMCID: PMC10065762 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2022-0403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies have reported that >91.9% of non-syndromic tooth agenesis cases are caused by seven pathogenic genes. To report novel heterozygous PAX9 variants in a Chinese family with non-syndromic oligodontia and summarize the reported genotype-phenotype relationship of PAX9 variants. METHODOLOGY We recruited 28 patients with non-syndromic oligodontia who were admitted to the Hospital of Stomatology Hebei Medical University (China) from 2018 to 2021. Peripheral blood was collected from the probands and their core family members for whole-exome sequencing (WES) and variants were verified by Sanger sequencing. Bioinformatics tools were used to predict the pathogenicity of the variants. SWISS-MODEL homology modeling was used to analyze the three-dimensional structural changes of variant proteins. We also analyzed the genotype-phenotype relationships of PAX9 variants. RESULTS We identified novel compound heterozygous PAX9 variants (reference sequence NM_001372076.1) in a Chinese family with non-syndromic oligodontia: a new missense variant c.1010C>A (p.T337K) in exon 4 and a new frameshift variant c.330_331insGT (p.D113Afs*9) in exon 2, which was identified as the pathogenic variant in this family. This discovery expands the known variant spectrum of PAX9; then, we summarized the phenotypes of non-syndromic oligodontia with PAX9 variants. CONCLUSION We found that PAX9 variants commonly lead to loss of the second molars.
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Said NM, Yassin F, Elkreem EA. Wnt10a missense gene polymorphism association with obesity risk: List of literature and a case-control study with Roc analysis for serum β-catenin level in Egypt. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Zhang Z, Pan X, Chen M, Bai M. Wnt signalling in oral and maxillofacial diseases. Cell Biol Int 2021; 46:34-45. [PMID: 34643311 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Wnts include more than 19 types of secreted glycoproteins that are involved in a wide range of pathological processes in oral and maxillofacial diseases. The transmission of Wnt signalling from the extracellular matrix into the nucleus includes canonical pathways and noncanonical pathways, which play an important role in tooth development, alveolar bone regeneration, and related diseases. In recent years, with the in-depth study of Wnt signalling in oral and maxillofacial-related diseases, many new conclusions and perspectives have been reached, and there are also some controversies. This article aims to summarise the roles of Wnt signalling in various oral diseases, including periodontitis, dental pulp disease, jaw disease, cleft palate, and abnormal tooth development, to provide researchers with a better and more comprehensive understanding of Wnts in oral and maxillofacial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyue Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingyang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingru Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Zeng Y, Baugh E, Akyalcin S, Letra A. Functional Effects of WNT10A Rare Variants Associated with Tooth Agenesis. J Dent Res 2020; 100:302-309. [PMID: 33034246 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520962728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in WNT10A have frequently been reported as etiologic for tooth agenesis (TA). However, the effects of WNT10A variation on gene/protein function and contribution to TA phenotypes remain poorly understood. Here, we performed bioinformatic and functional characterization analysis of WNT10A variants. In silico prediction of variant function was performed with VIPUR for all WNT10A missense variants reported in the Exome Aggregation Consortium database. Functional characterization experiments were then performed for selected WNT10A variants previously associated with TA. Expression vectors for wild-type and mutant WNT10A were made and transfected into stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) for evaluation of gene/protein function, WNT signaling activity, and effects on expression of relevant genes. While 75% of WNT10A variants were predicted neutral, most of the TA-associated variants received deleterious scores by potentially destabilizing or preventing the disulfide bond formation required for proper protein function. WNT signaling was significantly decreased with 8 of 13 variants tested, whereas wild-type-like activity was retained with 4 of 13 variants. WNT10A-mutant cells (T357I, R360C, and R379C mutants) showed reduced or impaired binding affinity to FZD5, suggesting a potential mechanism for the decreased WNT signaling. Mutant cells also had decreased WNT10A protein expression in comparison to wild-type cells. mRNA expression of PAX9, MSX1, AXIN2, and RUNX2 (known tooth development genes) was perturbed in mutant cells and quite significantly for PAX9 and RUNX2. Transcriptome analysis of wild-type and T357I-mutant cells identified 36 differentially expressed genes (26 downregulated, 10 upregulated) involved in skeletal system development and morphogenesis and pattern specification. WNT10A variants deemed pathogenic for TA likely affect protein folding and/or stabilization, leading to decreased WNT signaling and concomitant dysregulated expression of relevant genes. These findings may allow for improved interpretation of TA phenotypes upon clinical diagnosis while providing important insights toward the development of future tooth replacement therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zeng
- Center for Craniofacial Research, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - E Baugh
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - S Akyalcin
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - A Letra
- Center for Craniofacial Research, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Pediatric Research Center, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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