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Wei T, Zhou BY, Wu XH, Liu XA, Huo MW, Huang XX, Shi LZ, Shi LL, Cao QR. Development of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Polyethylene Glycol Copolymer-based Orodispersible Films Loaded with Entecavir: Formulation and In vitro Characterization. Curr Drug Deliv 2024; 21:1362-1374. [PMID: 37929732 DOI: 10.2174/0115672018261294231024093926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study is to prepare entecavir (ETV)-loaded orodispersible films (ODFs) using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) graft copolymer (Kollicoat® IR) as a film-forming agent, and further to evaluate the dissolution rate, mechanical and physicochemical properties of films. METHODS ETV-ODFs were prepared by a solvent casting method. The amount of film-forming agent, plasticizer, and disintegrating agent was optimized in terms of the appearance, thickness, disintegration time and mechanical properties of ODFs. The compatibility between the drug and each excipient was conducted under high temperature (60 °C), high humidity (RH 92.5%), and strong light (4500 Lx) for 10 days. The dissolution study of optimal ODFs compared with the original commercial tablet (Baraclude®) was performed using a paddle method in pH 1.0, pH 4.5, pH 6.8, and pH 7.4 media at 37 °C. The morphology of ODFs was observed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mechanical properties such as tensile strength (TS), elastic modulus (EM), and percentage elongation (E%) of ODFs were evaluated using the universal testing machine. The physicochemical properties of ODFs were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). RESULTS The related substances were less than 0.5% under high temperature, high humidity, and strong light for 10 days when ETV was mixed with excipients. The optimal formulation of ODFs was set as the quality ratio of Kollicoat® IR, glycerol, sodium alginate (ALG-Na): TiO2: MCC+CMC-Na: ETV was 60:9:12:1:1:1. The drug-loaded ODFs were white and translucent with excellent stripping property. The thickness, disintegration time, EM, TS, and E% were 103.33±7.02 μm, 25.31±1.95 s, 25.34±8.69 Mpa, 2.14±0.26 Mpa, and 65.45±19.41 %, respectively. The cumulative drug release from ODFs was more than 90% in four different media at 10 min. The SEM showed that the drug was highly dispersible in ODFs, and the XRD, DSC, and FT-IR results showed that there occurred some interactions between the drug and excipients. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the developed ETV-loaded ODFs showed relatively short disintegration time, rapid drug dissolution, and excellent mechanical properties. This might be an alternative to conventional ETV Tablets for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wei
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing-Yu Zhou
- Dongliao People's Hospital, Liaoyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Hong Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Ai Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Wei Huo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Xiang Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Zhi Shi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Li Shi
- College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin-Ri Cao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
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Chandra P, Sethi A, Chinnappan S. Malignant Portal Vein Thrombosis with No Obvious Liver Parenchymal Mass on Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography. Indian J Nucl Med 2023; 38:404-406. [PMID: 38390545 PMCID: PMC10880848 DOI: 10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_15_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The presence of portal vein thrombosis (PVTT) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with adverse prognosis with dismal survival. Malignant portal vein thrombosis usually develops as a contiguous extension of the liver tumour into portal vein or its branches. Here we present an interesting FDG PET-CT image of a patient with chronic hepatitis B infection having isolated malignant portal vein thrombosis without any obvious liver mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Chandra
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zydus Hospitals, Gujarat, India
| | - Ashish Sethi
- International Gastro Institute, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
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Lu Y, Yang X, Kuang Q, Wu Y, Tan X, Lan J, Qiang Z, Feng T. HBx induced upregulation of FATP2 promotes the development of hepatic lipid accumulation. Exp Cell Res 2023:113721. [PMID: 37437769 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
The hepatitis B Virus X (HBx) protein plays a crucial role in the HBV-induced hepatic steatosis. Fatty acid transport protein 2 (FATP2) is a key protein that is involved in hepatic lipogenesis, and it was found to be highly expressed in various metabolic diseases. However, Whether FATP2 is a key factor in the pathogenesis of HBx-induced hepatic steatosis remains unclear. In this study, we found that FATP2 was up-regulated by HBx in vitro and in vivo and participated in HBx-induced hepatic lipid accumulation. Treatment of HBx-expressing cell lines and mice with FATP2 inhibitor (FATP2i) lipofermata ameliorated HBx-induced lipid accumulation and reduced oxidative stress and inflammation caused by lipid accumulation. Moreover, the liver injury of mouse was restored after FATP2i treatment. In summary, our results reveal that FATP2 is a key driver factor for HBx-induced hepatic lipid accumulation, and inhibition of FATP2 can ameliorates lipid accumulation caused by HBx. This study provides new insights into the mechanism of HBV-induced hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xinyue Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Qin Kuang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yong Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xin Tan
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jizhong Lan
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhe Qiang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, 400065, China.
| | - Tao Feng
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Liu B, Chen H, Liu X, Wang G, Shen X. Separation Operation Followed by Stereotactic Radiotherapy in the Treatment of Spinal Metastasis From Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Global Spine J 2023:21925682231182332. [PMID: 37277967 DOI: 10.1177/21925682231182332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. OBJECTIVE Spinal metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma is rapidly progressive and predisposes to spinal disability, cord compression and further neural injury, leading to poor prognosis. Currently, it is still challenging to look for a treatment strategy that can improve the quality of life of patients and even directly prolong the survival time. This study attempts to evaluate the clinical efficacy of separation operation combined with postoperative stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT/SRS) in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma patients developing spinal metastasis and epidural spinal cord compression. METHODS Patients with metastases spinal cord compression from hepatocellular carcinoma were studied retrospectively and divided into two groups, the SO group (who undergo separation operations combined with postoperative SRS, n = 32) and RT group (who received only SRS, n = 28). The visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain score, Frankel grade, Karnofsky performance score, and Quality of Life (SF-36) score were comparatively analyzed between the two groups. RESULTS Significantly higher VAS pain scores, Frankel grades, Karnofsky performance scores and Quality of Life (SF-36) scores were demonstrated in patients with combination treatment than in patients with SRS alone. CONCLUSIONS Separation operations are effective surgical procedure for the treatment of spinal metastatic tumor from hepatocellular carcinoma with spinal cord compression. The combination with postoperative SRS can significantly improve the quality of life in this patient population via spinal canal decompression and spinal stability reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First-affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), China
| | - Haoliang Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First-affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), China
| | - Xiangyang Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First-affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), China
| | - Guoping Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First-affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), China
| | - Xiongjie Shen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First-affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), China
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Boora S, Sharma V, Kaushik S, Bhupatiraju AV, Singh S, Kaushik S. Hepatitis B virus-induced hepatocellular carcinoma: a persistent global problem. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:679-689. [PMID: 37059940 PMCID: PMC10235410 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-00970-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections are highly prevalent globally, representing a serious public health problem. The diverse modes of transmission and the burden of the chronic carrier population pose challenges to the effective management of HBV. Vaccination is the most effective preventive measure available in the current scenario. Still, HBV is one of the significant health issues in various parts of the globe due to non-response to vaccines, the high number of concealed carriers, and the lack of access and awareness. Universal vaccination programs must be scaled up in neonates, especially in the developing parts of the world, to prevent new HBV infections. Novel treatments like combinational therapy, gene silencing, and new antivirals must be available for effective management. The prolonged infection of HBV, direct and indirect, can promote the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The present review emphasizes the problems and probable solutions for better managing HBV infections, causal risk factors of HCC, and mechanisms of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjit Boora
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, 124001, Haryana, Rohtak, India
| | - Vikrant Sharma
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, 124001, Haryana, Rohtak, India
| | | | | | - Sandeep Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Samander Kaushik
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, 124001, Haryana, Rohtak, India.
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Kouroumalis E, Tsomidis I, Voumvouraki A. Pathogenesis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: The Interplay of Apoptosis and Autophagy. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041166. [PMID: 37189787 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a multifactorial process that has not yet been fully investigated. Autophagy and apoptosis are two important cellular pathways that are critical for cell survival or death. The balance between apoptosis and autophagy regulates liver cell turnover and maintains intracellular homeostasis. However, the balance is often dysregulated in many cancers, including HCC. Autophagy and apoptosis pathways may be either independent or parallel or one may influence the other. Autophagy may either inhibit or promote apoptosis, thus regulating the fate of the liver cancer cells. In this review, a concise overview of the pathogenesis of HCC is presented, with emphasis on new developments, including the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress, the implication of microRNAs and the role of gut microbiota. The characteristics of HCC associated with a specific liver disease are also described and a brief description of autophagy and apoptosis is provided. The role of autophagy and apoptosis in the initiation, progress and metastatic potential is reviewed and the experimental evidence indicating an interplay between the two is extensively analyzed. The role of ferroptosis, a recently described specific pathway of regulated cell death, is presented. Finally, the potential therapeutic implications of autophagy and apoptosis in drug resistance are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Kouroumalis
- Department of Gastroenterology, PAGNI University Hospital, University of Crete School of Medicine, 71500 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Crete Medical School, 71500 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Ioannis Tsomidis
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Crete Medical School, 71500 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, 54621 Thessaloniki, Central Macedonia, Greece
| | - Argyro Voumvouraki
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, 54621 Thessaloniki, Central Macedonia, Greece
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7
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You H, Zhang N, Yu T, Ma L, Li Q, Wang X, Yuan D, Kong D, Liu X, Hu W, Liu D, Kong F, Zheng K, Tang R. Hepatitis B virus X protein promotes MAN1B1 expression by enhancing stability of GRP78 via TRIM25 to facilitate hepatocarcinogenesis. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:992-1004. [PMID: 36635499 PMCID: PMC10006172 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-02115-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND GRP78 has been implicated in hepatocarcinogenesis. However, the clinical relevance, biological functions and related regulatory mechanisms of GRP78 in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatoma carcinoma (HCC) remain elusive. METHODS The association between GRP78 expression and HBV-related HCC was investigated. The effects of HBV X protein (HBX) on GRP78 and MAN1B1 expression, biological functions of GRP78 and MAN1B1 in HBX-mediated HCC cells and mechanisms related to TRIM25 on GRP78 upregulation to induce MAN1B1 expression in HBX-related HCC cells were examined. RESULTS GRP78 expression was correlated with poor prognosis in HBV-positive HCC. HBX increased MAN1B1 protein expression depending on GRP78, and HBX enhanced the levels of MAN1B1 to promote proliferation, migration and PI3-K/mTOR signalling pathway activation in HCC cells. GRP78 activates Smad4 via its interaction with Smad4 to increase MAN1B1 expression in HBX-expressing HCC cells. TRIM25 enhanced the stability of GRP78 by inhibiting its ubiquitination. HBX binds to GRP78 and TRIM25 and accelerates their interaction of GRP78 and TRIM25, leading to an increase in GRP78 expression. CONCLUSIONS HBX enhances the stability of GRP78 through TRIM25 to increase the expression of MAN1B1 to facilitate tumorigenesis, and we provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying HBV-induced malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjuan You
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tong Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lihong Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Laboratory Department, The People's Hospital of Funing, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongchen Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Delong Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangye Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Group Suqian Hospital, The Affiliate Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongsheng Liu
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Group Suqian Hospital, The Affiliate Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fanyun Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Kuiyang Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Sciences Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Renxian Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Sciences Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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You H, Yuan D, Li Q, Zhang N, Kong D, Yu T, Liu X, Liu X, Zhou R, Kong F, Zheng K, Tang R. Hepatitis B virus X protein increases LASP1 SUMOylation to stabilize HER2 and facilitate hepatocarcinogenesis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 226:996-1009. [PMID: 36473530 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The hepatitis B virus (HBV) X protein (HBX), a viral macromolecule, plays a vital role in the development of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Increased expression of HER2 is linked to HBV infection, and HBX is responsible for HER2 upregulation in HCC. Nevertheless, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not yet fully understood. In the study, we discovered that HBX promoted HER2 expression to facilitate the sensitization of the insulin signaling pathway and enhance the growth and migration of HCC cells. Mechanistically, the viral protein enhanced the stability of HER2 by preventing its ubiquitination-mediated proteasomal degradation through LASP1, which could bind to HER2. Furthermore, increased SUMOylation of LASP1 contributed to the upregulation of HER2 and the interaction of LASP1 with HER2. In addition, RANBP2 and RANGAP1 were found to interact with LASP1 and promote SUMOylation of LASP1 to upregulate HER2 expression in HBX-associated hepatoma cells. In summary, our work provides a novel insight into hepatocarcinogenesis mediated by HBX and estimates the detailed mechanisms related to the increase in HER2 regulated by the viral protein, which might help provide a theoretical basis for identifying novel targets for HBV-positive HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjuan You
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongchen Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Delong Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tong Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangye Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fanyun Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Kuiyang Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Sciences Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Renxian Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Sciences Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Li YK, Zhao JF, Yang CL, Zhan GH, Zhang J, Qin SD, Zhou M, Li MJ, Huang JT, Kong FY, Huang H, Chen JH, Xiang BD. Effects of Clonorchis sinensis combined with Hepatitis B virus infection on the prognosis of patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma following Hepatectomy. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011012. [PMID: 36638133 PMCID: PMC9879467 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to determine the impact of co-infection of Clonorchis sinensis (CS) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) on the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following hepatectomy. METHODS The clinicopathological information of 946 patients with HCC following hepatectomy was retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into four groups depending on whether they had CS infection and/or HBV infection: double-negative group (infected with neither CS nor HBV), simple CS group (infected with only CS), simple HBV group (infected with only HBV), and double-positive group (co-infected with CS and HBV). Kaplan-Meier curves were used to evaluate the overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS), while log-rank tests were used to compare survival rates. Further, Cox regression was used to perform both univariate and multivariate survival analyses to identify variables linked to the prognosis of HCC. RESULTS The median overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) in the double-positive, simple CS, simple HBV, and double-negative groups were 27 months and 9 months, 20 months and 7 months, 44 months and 12 months, and 42 months and 17 months, respectively. The double-positive group's 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year OS and RFS rates were 79.2% and 46.9%, 62.6% and 28.4%, 47.8%, and 12.2%, respectively. The simple CS group's 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year OS and RFS rates were 86.3% and 41.5%, 56.5% and 27.7%, 50.2%, and 18.5%, respectively. The simple HBV group's 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year OS and RFS rates were 89.8% and 56.0%, 72.5% and 30.5%, 63.8%, and 19.9%, respectively. The double-negative group's 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year OS and RFS rates were 91.5% and 62.3%, 76.1% and 32.9%, 64.0%, and 22.4%, respectively. Further, according to a Cox multivariate analysis, tumor size (> 5cm), Edmonson grade (III-IV), BCLC-C stage, and tumor satellite focus were independent risk factors for RFS and OS in patients with HCC. CONCLUSION Patients with HCC and Clonorchis sinensis infection experience a poor prognosis after hepatectomy, regardless of whether they are co-infected with HBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Kuan Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Guangxi, China
| | - Jing-Fei Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Guangxi, China
| | - Cheng-Lei Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Guangxi, China
| | - Guo-Hua Zhan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Guangxi, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Guangxi, China
| | - Shang-Dong Qin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Guangxi, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Guangxi, China
| | - Min-Jun Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Guangxi, China
| | - Jun-Tao Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Guangxi, China
| | - Feng-Yao Kong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Guangxi, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Wuming Hospital, Guangxi, China
| | - Jia-Hao Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Wuming Hospital, Guangxi, China
| | - Bang-De Xiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Guangxi, China
- * E-mail:
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Sun K, Wang H, Zhang D, Li Y, Ren L. Depleting circ_0088364 restrained cell growth and motility of human hepatocellular carcinoma via circ_0088364-miR-1270-COL4A1 ceRNA pathway. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:261-275. [PMID: 34951563 PMCID: PMC8855875 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2021.2016196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNA hsa_circ_0088364 (circ_0088364) is a contributory factor in the malignancy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to elaborate its role and competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism in HCC cell growth and motility. Expression of circ_0088364, microRNA (miR)-1270 and Collagen type IV alpha 1 chain (COL4A1) was measured by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting, and their relationships were determined by dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation, biotinylated RNA pull-down, and Spearman's rank correlation analysis. Cellular programs were measured by cell counting kit-8 assay, flow cytometry and transwell assays, Western blotting, and xenograft experiment. Expression of circ_0088364 and COL4A1 was upregulated, and miR-1270 was downregulated in HCC patients' tumors; moreover, there were linear correlations among circ_0088364, miR-1270, and COL4A1 expression. Essentially, circ_0088364 and COL4A1 were ceRNAs for miR-1270 via target binding. In function, silencing circ_0088364 or upregulating miR-1270 could suppress cell proliferation, cell cycle entrance, transwell migration and invasion in Huh7 and HCCLM3 cells, as well as promote apoptosis rate. Moreover, above-mentioned effects were accompanied with reduced B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2, N-cadherin and Vimentin levels, and elevated Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and E-cadherin levels. Contrarily, exhausting miR-1270 and restoring COL4A1 could severally abrogate the tumor-suppressive roles of circ_0088364 knockdown and miR-1270 overexpression in HCC cells in vitro. In vivo, silencing circ_0088364 retarded xenograft tumor growth in nude mice induced by Huh7 cells by upregulating miR-1270 and downregulating COL4A1. Blocking circ_0088364 suppressed HCC by inhibiting cell growth and motility via targeting miR-1270-COL4A1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Haochen Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Dongyuan Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yupeng Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Ren
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China,CONTACT Lei Ren Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
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11
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He W, Zhu X, Tang X, Xiang X, Yu J, Sun H. Circ_0027089 regulates NACC1 by targeting miR-136-5p to aggravate the development of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Anticancer Drugs 2022; 33:e336-e348. [PMID: 34419960 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the main trigger of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Circular RNA plays an indispensable role in cancer development, and this study aimed to disclose the function and mechanism of circ_0027089 in HBV-related HCC. The expression levels of circ_0027089, miR-136-5p and nucleus accumbens associated protein 1 (NACC1) mRNA were measured by quantitative real-time PCR, and the protein level of NACC1 was detected by western blot. For functional analyses, cell proliferation was assessed by cell counting kit-8 assay and colony formation assay. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry assay, and cell apoptosis was also assessed by caspase 3/7 activity. The capacities of migration and invasion were evaluated by wound healing assay and transwell assay, respectively. The predicted relationship between miR-136-5p and circ_0027089 or NACC1 was validated by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation assay. Animal experiments were performed in nude mice to explore the role of circ_0027089 in vivo. Circ_0027089 expression and NACC1 expression were elevated, while miR-136-5p expression was decreased in HBV-related HCC tissues and cells. In function, circ_0027089 knockdown inhibited HepG2.2.15 and HepAD38 (tet-off) cell proliferation, migration and invasion but induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, while circ_0027089 overexpression played the reversed effects. For mechanism exploration, miR-136-5p was a target of circ_0027089, and miR-136-5p deficiency could reverse the role of circ_0027089 knockdown. Circ_0027089 functioned as an oncogene to promote the development of HBV-related HCC by regulating NACC1 via competitively targeting miR-136-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- Department of General Surgery, Lichuan People's Hospital, Lichuan
| | - Xingyang Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui
| | - Xueyan Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Lichuan People's Hospital, Lichuan, China
| | - Xianhui Xiang
- Department of General Surgery, Lichuan People's Hospital, Lichuan
| | - Jian Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Lichuan People's Hospital, Lichuan
| | - Huirong Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Lichuan People's Hospital, Lichuan
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12
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Mukherjee S, Kar A, Khatun N, Datta P, Biswas A, Barik S. Familiarity Breeds Strategy: In Silico Untangling of the Molecular Complexity on Course of Autoimmune Liver Disease-to-Hepatocellular Carcinoma Transition Predicts Novel Transcriptional Signatures. Cells 2021; 10:1917. [PMID: 34440687 PMCID: PMC8394127 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune liver diseases (AILD) often lead to transformation of the liver tissues into hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Considering the drawbacks of surgical procedures in such cases, need of successful non-invasive therapeutic strategies and treatment modalities for AILD-associated-HCC still exists. Due to the lack of clear, sufficient knowledge about factors mediating AILD-to-HCC transition, an in silico approach was adopted to delineate the underlying molecular deterministic factors. Parallel enrichment analyses on two different public microarray datasets (GSE159676 and GSE62232) pinpointed the core transcriptional regulators as key players. Correlation between the expression kinetics of these transcriptional modules in AILD and HCC was found to be positive primarily with the advancement of hepatic fibrosis. Most of the regulatory interactions were operative during early (F0-F1) and intermediate fibrotic stages (F2-F3), while the extent of activity in the regulatory network considerably diminished at late stage of fibrosis/cirrhosis (F4). Additionally, most of the transcriptional targets with higher degrees of connectivity in the regulatory network (namely DCAF11, PKM2, DGAT2 and BCAT1) may be considered as potential candidates for biomarkers or clinical targets compared to their low-connectivity counterparts. In summary, this study uncovers new possibilities in the designing of novel prognostic and therapeutic regimen for autoimmunity-associated malignancy of liver in a disease progression-dependent fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyadeep Mukherjee
- Department of In Vitro Carcinogenesis and Cellular Chemotherapy, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700026, India; (S.M.); (P.D.)
| | - Arpita Kar
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700026, India; (A.K.); (N.K.)
| | - Najma Khatun
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700026, India; (A.K.); (N.K.)
| | - Puja Datta
- Department of In Vitro Carcinogenesis and Cellular Chemotherapy, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700026, India; (S.M.); (P.D.)
| | - Avik Biswas
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700026, India; (A.K.); (N.K.)
| | - Subhasis Barik
- Department of In Vitro Carcinogenesis and Cellular Chemotherapy, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700026, India; (S.M.); (P.D.)
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13
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Zhao J, Li L, Guo L, Wang R, Zhao Y, Li W, Liu Y, Ma Y, Jia J. Nano-Gold PCR in Detection of TERT Methylation and Its Correlation with Hepatitis B-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2021; 17:1284-1292. [PMID: 34446132 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2021.3103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to introduce nano-gold PCR for detection of TERT methylation, and explore the correlation between TERT methylation and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). From March 2016 to March 2018, 154 HBV carriers treated in our hospital were enrolled in the study and divided into HCC (68 cases), cirrhosis (45 cases) and chronic hepatitis (CH) groups (41 cases) based on clinical disease. HCC patients were further divided into methylation (30 cases) and non-methylation (38 cases) subgroup based on methylation status of the TERT. TERT methylation of HCC specimens were 44.12% and 35.24% by nano-PCR and conventional PCR, respectively. The TERT methylation and TERT expression in HCC specimens were higher than for cirrhosis and CH specimens. A significant positive correlation was observed between TERT methylation and TERT expression. AFP, Edmondson classification, tumor size, hilar lymph node and intrahepatic metastasis, and TNM staging in the methylation group were higher than in non-methylation group. Further, overall survival and progression-free survival were significantly shorter. Nano-gold PCR is more sensitive in detecting TERT methylation. As CHB progresses, TERT methylation increases. Greater methylation of the gene is associated with worse prognosis in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- Department of Special Ward, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
| | - Li Li
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Liying Guo
- First Department of Combined Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Special Ward, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Special Ward, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Special Ward, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
| | - Yupei Liu
- Department of Special Ward, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
| | - Yanhong Ma
- Department of Special Ward, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
| | - Jianwei Jia
- First Department of Combined Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
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14
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Sha M, Cao J, Zong ZP, Xu N, Zhang JJ, Tong Y, Xia Q. Identification of genes predicting unfavorable prognosis in hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:975. [PMID: 34277775 PMCID: PMC8267317 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-2085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background To identify potential key genes predicting unfavorable prognosis in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Gene expression profiles of GSE121248, GSE62232, and GSE55092 from the GEO database were obtained and analyzed. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between HBV-associated HCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were screened by the limma package and Venn diagram software. Functional assessment of DEGs was performed by Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Hub genes were selected by the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and further validated by GSE14520 clinical data. Results A total of 26 up-regulated genes and 76 down-regulated genes were identified by analyzing three databases. GO and KEGG analysis demonstrated that these genes were involved in cell division, metabolism-related biological processes, the p53 pathway, and the cell cycle, among others. PPI network suggested that 14 hub DEGs (TOP2A, HMMR, DTL, CCNB1, NEK2, PBK, RACGAP1, PRC1, CDK1, RRM2, ECT2, BUB1B, ANLN, and ASPM) were most dysregulated and had potential to distinguish between HBV-associated HCC and noncancerous tissues. Further survival analysis of hub genes demonstrated that high expression of TOP2A was significantly associated with poor clinical outcomes of HBV-associated HCC. Conclusions TOP2A might serve as a key gene for prognosis and as a therapeutic target for HBV-associated HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Sha
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Cao
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Zong
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Jun Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Tong
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Xia
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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15
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Nong W, Ma L, Lan B, Liu N, Yang H, Lao X, Deng Q, Huang Z. Comprehensive Identification of Bridge Genes to Explain the Progression from Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection to Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:1613-1624. [PMID: 33907440 PMCID: PMC8071210 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s298977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatitis B virus infection co-occurs in 33% of individuals with hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. However, the molecular link between hepatitis B virus and hepatocellular carcinoma is unknown. Thus, we aimed to elucidate molecular linkages underlying pathogenesis through in-depth data mining analysis. Materials and Methods Differentially expressed genes were identified from patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection, hepatocellular carcinoma, or both. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed signaling pathways involving differentially expressed genes. Protein-protein interaction networks, protein crosstalk, and enrichment were analyzed to determine whether differentially expressed gene products might serve as a bridge from hepatitis B virus infection to hepatocellular carcinoma pathogenesis. Prognostic potential and transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulators of bridge genes were also examined. Results We identified vital bridge factors in hepatitis B virus infection-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. Differentially expressed genes were clustered into modules based on relative protein function. Signaling pathways associated with cancer, inflammation, immune system, and microenvironment showed significant crosstalk between modules. Thirty-two genes were dysregulated in hepatitis B virus infection-mediated hepatocellular carcinoma. CPEB3, RAB26, SLCO1B1, ST3GAL6 and XK had higher connectivity in the modular network, suggesting significant associations with survival. CDC20 and NUP107 were identified as driver genes as well as markers of poor prognosis. Conclusion Our results suggest that the sustained inflammatory environment created by hepatitis B virus infection is a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma. The identification of hepatitis B virus infection-related hepatocellular carcinoma bridge genes provides testable hypotheses about the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwei Nong
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Biyang Lan
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzhi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxia Lao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaomei Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihu Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
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16
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Murthy SS, Narsaiah TB. Cytotoxic Effect of Bromelain on HepG2 Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 193:1873-1897. [PMID: 33735410 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03505-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a complicated long-term disease due to computable key molecular players involved in aggravating the disease. Among various kinds of cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the ninth leading cause of cancer. Recently, plant-based products are gaining a lot of attention in the field of research because of their anti-tumor properties. In our previous study, we reported based on in-silico method that bromelain, a cysteine protease extracted from the stem of the pineapple, has high binding affinity with the transcription factors p53 and β-catenin proteins which are key players in controlling the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. Bromelain, isolated mainly from the stem of Pineapple (Ananas comosus), belongs to the family Bromeliaceae. The present study deals with preclinical analysis of bromelain as an anti-cancer agent and its intracellular effect on the expression of p53 and β-catenin protein. Our study reports cytotoxic activity, cell proliferation, migration, invasion, arrest in the S-phase, and G2/M phase in cell cycle analysis by treating with bromelain in HepG2 cell lines. We also report up-regulation of p53 protein by drug-induced impediment leading to apoptotic process in HepG2 cells and down-regulation of β-catenin protein in HepG2 cells which interferes in β-catenin/TCF-DNA interaction further, down-regulating Wnt genes and suppressing the canonical pathway. Finally, we conclude that bromelain inhibits tumorigenic potential in HepG2 cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma S Murthy
- Department of Biotechnology, JNTUA College of Engineering, Ananthapuram, 515002, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - T Bala Narsaiah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, JNTUA College of Engineering, Ananthapuram, 515002, Andhra Pradesh, India
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17
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Liu C, Dai Q, Ding Q, Wei M, Kong X. Identification of key genes in hepatitis B associated hepatocellular carcinoma based on WGCNA. Infect Agent Cancer 2021; 16:18. [PMID: 33726794 PMCID: PMC7962393 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-021-00357-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic Infection of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one risk factor of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Much effort has been made to research the process of HBV-associated HCC, but its molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis remain vague. Here, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was employed to explore the co-expressed modules and hub/key genes correlated to HBV-associated HCC. We found that genes of the most significant module related to HBV-associated HCC were enriched in DNA replication, p53 signaling pathway, cell cycle, and HTLV-1 infection associated pathway; these cellular pathways played critical roles in the initiation and development of HCC or viral infections. Furthermore, seven hub/key genes were identified based on the topological network analysis, and their roles in HCC were verified by expression and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Protein-protein interaction and KEGG pathway analysis suggested that these key genes may stimulate cellular proliferation to promote the HCC progression. This study provides new perspectives to the knowledge of the key pathways and genes in the carcinogenesis process of HBV-associated HCC, and our findings provided potential therapeutic targets and clues of the carcinogenesis of HBV-associated HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Qinghai Dai
- Nankai University Second People's Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Ding
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Wei
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China. .,Nankai University Second People's Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Xiaohong Kong
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
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18
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Chang CY, Wei CY, Chen PH, Hou MC, Chao Y, Chau GY, Lee RC, Huang YH, Su YH, Wu JC, Su CW. The role of albumin-bilirubin grade in determining the outcomes of patients with very early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. J Chin Med Assoc 2021; 84:136-143. [PMID: 33433133 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and with a single tumor <2 cm in size are classified as having Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage 0 HCC. We aimed to investigate the role of the albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade in predicting outcomes in patients with BCLC stage 0 HCC. METHODS We retrospectively enrolled patients with BCLC stage 0 HCC in Taipei Veterans General Hospital from 2007 to 2015. Prognostic factors were analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards model and propensity score matching (PSM) analysis. RESULTS There were 420 patients enrolled, including 207 with ALBI grade 1, and 213 with ALBI grade 2 or 3. After a median follow-up of 60.0 months (interquartile range, 37.2-84.6 months), 179 patients died. The cumulative 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 80.6% in patients with ALBI grade 1 and 53.7% in those with ALBI grade 2 or 3, respectively (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that age >65 years, negative hepatitis B surface in serum, creatinine >1.0 mg/dL, platelet count ≤105/mm3, tumor size >1.5 cm, nonsurgical resection (SR) therapy, and higher ALBI grade were independent risk factors related to poor OS. Patients who underwent SR had a better OS and recurrence-free survival than those who received radiofrequency ablation, which was confirmed by a multivariate analysis and PSM analysis. CONCLUSION The ALBI grade can determine OS for patients with BCLC stage 0 HCC. SR can also provide a better outcome than nonsurgical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Yu Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Healthcare and Services Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Yi Wei
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ping-Hsien Chen
- Endoscopy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, West Garden Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Chih Hou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yee Chao
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Gar-Yang Chau
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Rheun-Chuan Lee
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Hsiang Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Hui Su
- Department of Accounting, School of Business, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jaw-Ching Wu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chien-Wei Su
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Hospitalist Ward, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Li X, Li JL, Jiang N, Chen J, Liang ZM, Zhao ZL, Xing YF. Accumulation of LOX-1 + PMN-MDSCs in nasopharyngeal carcinoma survivors with chronic hepatitis B might permit immune tolerance to epstein-barr virus and relate to tumor recurrence. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:437-449. [PMID: 33290259 PMCID: PMC7834990 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) has been reported to be associated with impaired prognosis for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, the latent mechanism is unclear. Polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs) induce immune suppression in CHB and promote the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Lectin-type oxidized LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1) was recently identified as a specific marker for PMN-MSDC. We found NPC survivors with CHB had high levels of LOX-1+ PMN-MDSCs. LOX-1+ PMN-MDSCs significantly reduced T cell proliferation and activation. Endoplasmic reticulum stress was induced in LOX-1+ PMN-MDSCs. In addition, LOX-1+ PMN-MDSCs increased their expression of NOX2, a key reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related genes, and levels of ROS illustrated by the DCFDA test. The ROS inhibitor N-acetylcysteine abrogated the suppression of LOX-1+ PMN-MDSCs on T cell activation. The EBV DNA-positivity rate was higher in NPC survivors with CHB than in NPC patients without CHB. Those presenting with positive EBV DNA displayed higher LOX-1+ PMN-MDSC levels. LOX-1+ PMN-MDSCs suppressed the CD8+ T cell response against EBV. This study revealed LOX-1+ PMN-MDSC accumulation and activation in NPC survivors with CHB. LOX-1+ PMN-MDSCs might suppress the host immune response to EBV through ER stress/ROS pathway. These results explained the association of CHB with unfavorable NPC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Li
- Shenzhen Ruipuxun Academy for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Shenzhen 518118, People’s Republic of China.,Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin-Long Li
- Shenzhen Ruipuxun Academy for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Shenzhen 518118, People’s Republic of China.,Institute of Biotherapy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Transplantation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology and the Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 510623, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zi-Ming Liang
- Department of Transplantation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology and the Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 510623, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Lin Zhao
- Shenzhen Ruipuxun Academy for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Shenzhen 518118, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Fang Xing
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, People’s Republic of China
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20
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Kong F, Li N, Tu T, Tao Y, Bi Y, Yuan D, Zhang N, Yang X, Kong D, You H, Zheng K, Tang R. Hepatitis B virus core protein promotes the expression of neuraminidase 1 to facilitate hepatocarcinogenesis. J Transl Med 2020; 100:1602-1617. [PMID: 32686743 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-020-0465-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuraminidase 1 (NEU1) has been reported to be associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the function and associated molecular mechanisms of NEU1 in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC have not been well investigated. In the present study, the expression of NEU1 mediated by HBV and HBV core protein (HBc) was measured in hepatoma cells. The expression of NEU1 protein was detected via immunohistochemical analysis in HBV-associated HCC tissues. The role of NEU1 in the activation of signaling pathways and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the proliferation and migration of hepatoma cells mediated by HBc was assessed. We found that NEU1 was upregulated in HBV-positive hepatoma cells and HBV-related HCC tissues. HBV promoted NEU1 expression at the mRNA and protein level via HBc in hepatoma cells. Mechanistically, HBc was able to enhance the activity of the NEU1 promoter through NF-κB binding sites. In addition, through the increase in NEU1 expression, HBc contributed to activation of downstream signaling pathways and EMT in hepatoma cells. Moreover, NEU1 facilitated the proliferation and migration of hepatoma cells mediated by HBc. Taken together, our findings provide novel insight into the molecular mechanism underlying the oncogenesis mediated by HBc and demonstrate that NEU1 plays a vital role in HBc-mediated functional abnormality in HCC. Thus, NEU1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target in HBV-associated HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanyun Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Nan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China.,Jiangsu Provincial Xuzhou Pharmaceutical Vocational College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Tao Tu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China.,Shuyang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shuyang, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yukai Tao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yanwei Bi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Dongchen Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoying Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Delong Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Hongjuan You
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
| | - Kuiyang Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China.,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Sciences Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Renxian Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China. .,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Sciences Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
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21
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Zeng XC, Zhang L, Liao WJ, Ao L, Lin ZM, Kang W, Chen WN, Lin X. Screening and Identification of Potential Biomarkers in Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Bioinformatics Analysis. Front Genet 2020; 11:555537. [PMID: 33193629 PMCID: PMC7556301 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.555537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal cancers globally. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection might cause chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis, leading to HCC. To screen prognostic genes and therapeutic targets for HCC by bioinformatics analysis and determine the mechanisms underlying HBV-related HCC, three high-throughput RNA-seq based raw datasets, namely GSE25599, GSE77509, and GSE94660, were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and one RNA-seq raw dataset was acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Overall, 103 genes were up-regulated and 127 were down-regulated. A protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was established using Cytoscape software, and 12 pivotal genes were selected as hub genes. The 230 differentially expressed genes and 12 hub genes were subjected to functional and pathway enrichment analyses, and the results suggested that cell cycle, nuclear division, mitotic nuclear division, oocyte meiosis, retinol metabolism, and p53 signaling-related pathways play important roles in HBV-related HCC progression. Further, among the 12 hub genes, kinesin family member 11 (KIF11), TPX2 microtubule nucleation factor (TPX2), kinesin family member 20A (KIF20A), and cyclin B2 (CCNB2) were identified as independent prognostic genes by survival analysis and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. These four genes showed higher expression levels in HCC than in normal tissue samples, as identified upon analyses with Oncomine. In addition, in comparison with normal tissues, the expression levels of KIF11, TPX2, KIF20A, and CCNB2 were higher in HBV-related HCC than in HCV-related HCC tissues. In conclusion, our results suggest that KIF11, TPX2, KIF20A, and CCNB2 might be involved in the carcinogenesis and development of HBV-related HCC. They can thus be used as independent prognostic genes and novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of HBV-related HCC and development of pertinent therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Chang Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wen-Jun Liao
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lu Ao
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Bioinformatics, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ze-Man Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Bioinformatics, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wen Kang
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wan-Nan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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22
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Tang S, Wu W, Wan H, Wu X, Chen H. Knockdown of NHP2 inhibits hepatitis B virus X protein-induced hepatocarcinogenesis via repressing TERT expression and disrupting the stability of telomerase complex. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:19365-19374. [PMID: 33044946 PMCID: PMC7732313 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) is highly expressed in HBV-infected hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and upregulates transcriptional activation of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT). NHP2 is a component of the telomerase complex and also increased in HCC. However, whether NHP2 could accelerate HCC caused by HBx overexpression remains unknown. This study intended to investigate the effects of NHP2 knockdown on HBx-overexpressed HCC and uncover the potential mechanism. Results showed that after HBx overexpression, the expression of TERT and NHP2 was increased. NHP2 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation and telomerase activity, while promoting cell apoptosis in PLC/PRF5 cells with or without HBx overexpression. Moreover, the protein expression of TERT and HBx was inhibited, pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and cleaved-caspase3 expression was enhanced, whereas anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 level was reduced upon NHP2 silencing in PLC/PRF5 cells with or without HBx upregulation. The interaction between NHP2 and TERT was also confirmed. Treatment with shRNA-NHP2-1 inhibited tumor growth in xenograft model, and the alterations of related proteins were consisted with in vitro results. In conclusion, knockdown of NHP2 could inhibit the proliferation of hepatoma cells overexpressing HBx via inhibiting TERT expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuming Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Weigang Wu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Haoqiang Wan
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Xuecheng Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Haixia Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, P.R. China
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23
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Han N, Yan L, Wang X, Sun X, Huang F, Tang H. An updated literature review: how HBV X protein regulates the propagation of the HBV. Future Virol 2020. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2020-0251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Chronic HBV infection constitutes a burden on human beings and is closely associated with hepatocellular carcinoma. The propagation of the HBV is determined by many factors, and the HBV X protein (HBx) could have a significant influence on this. HBx is a regulatory protein that can directly or indirectly interact with many cellular proteins to affect both the propagation of the HBV and the activity of the host cells. In this review, we summarized the possible mechanisms by which HBx regulates HBV replication at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels in various experimental systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Han
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Libo Yan
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xueer Wang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, West China School of Basic Science & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xuehong Sun
- Department of Forensic Pathology, West China School of Basic Science & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Feijun Huang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, West China School of Basic Science & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Hong Tang
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
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24
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Kuo CY, Chiu V, Hsieh PC, Huang CY, Huang SJ, Tzeng IS, Tsai FM, Chen ML, Liu CT, Chen YR. Chrysophanol attenuates hepatitis B virus X protein-induced hepatic stellate cell fibrosis by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress and ferroptosis. J Pharmacol Sci 2020; 144:172-182. [PMID: 32811746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2020.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are critical for liver fibrosis development. Anti-fibrosis occurs via reversion to quiescent-type HSCs or clearance of HSCs via apoptosis or ferroptosis. We aimed to elucidate the role of chrysophanol in rat HSC-T6 cells expressing HBx and investigate whether chrysophanol (isolated from Rheum palmatum rhizomes) influences cell death via ferroptosis in vitro. Analysis of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS), Bip, CHOP, p-IRE1α, GPX4, SLC7A11, α-SMA, and CTGF showed that chrysophanol attenuated HBx-repressed cell death. Chrysophanol can impair HBx-induced activation of HSCs via endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) and ferroptosis-dependent and GPX4-independent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan-Yen Kuo
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Valeria Chiu
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Chun Hsieh
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Yen Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - S Joseph Huang
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of South Florida, USA.
| | - I-Shiang Tzeng
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Fu-Ming Tsai
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Mao-Liang Chen
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Ting Liu
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Ru Chen
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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25
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Next-Generation Sequencing-Based Quantitative Detection of Hepatitis B Virus Pre-S Mutants in Plasma Predicts Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence. Viruses 2020; 12:v12080796. [PMID: 32722114 PMCID: PMC7472021 DOI: 10.3390/v12080796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most common and lethal human cancers worldwide. Despite curative resection, high recurrence of HCC remains a big threat, leading to poor patient outcomes. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) pre-S mutants, which harbor deletions over pre-S1 and pre-S2 gene segments of large surface proteins, have been implicated in HCC recurrence. Therefore, a reliable approach for detection of pre-S mutants is urgently needed for predicting HCC recurrence to improve patient survival. In this study, we used a next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based platform for quantitative detection of pre-S mutants in the plasma of HBV-related HCC patients and evaluated their prognostic values in HCC recurrence. We demonstrated that the presence of deletions spanning the pre-S2 gene segment and the high percentage of pre-S2 plus pre-S1 + pre-S2 deletions, either alone or in combination, was significantly and independently associated with poor recurrence-free survival and had greater prognostic performance than other clinicopathological and viral factors in predicting HCC recurrence. Our data suggest that the NGS-based quantitative detection of pre-S mutants in plasma represents a promising approach for identifying patients at high risk for HBV-related HCC recurrence after surgical resection in a noninvasive manner.
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26
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He Z, Zhu J, Mo J, Zhao H, Chen Q. HBV DNA integrates into upregulated ZBTB20 in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:380-386. [PMID: 32319639 PMCID: PMC7248478 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) affects the malignant phenotype of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of the present study was to investigate the integration sites of HBV DNA and the expression of the zinc finger protein, zinc finger and BTB domain containing 20 (ZBTB20) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Integration of the HBV gene was detected using a high-throughput sequencing technique based on the HBV-Alu-PCR method. The expression of ZBTB20 was detected by western blotting. HBVX integration sites were detected in ~70% of the HCC tissue samples. HBV-integrated subgene X detection suggested that 67% of the integrated specimens were inserted into the host X gene in a forward direction, 57% in a reverse direction, 24% in both forward and reverse directions, and 38% had two HBV integration sites. A total of 3,320 HBV integration sites were identified, including 1,397 in HCC tissues, 1,205 in paracancerous tissues and 718 in normal liver tissues. HBV integration fragments displayed enrichment in the 200–800 bp region. Additionally, the results suggested that HBV was highly integrated into transmembrane phosphatase with tensin homology, long intergenic non-protein coding RNA (LINC)00618, LOC101929241, ACTR3 pseudogene 5, LINC00999, LOC101928775, deleted in oesophageal cancer 1, LINC00824, EBF transcription factor 2 and ZBTB20 in tumour tissues. Furthermore, the expression of ZBTB20 was upregulated in HCC tissues compared with normal control liver tissues, and was associated with HBV integration frequency. The present study suggested that HBV DNA integrated into upregulated ZBTB20 in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, which might promote the occurrence and development of HCC. Furthermore, the results of the present study may provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebao He
- Department of Neurology, Taizhou Enze Medical Center Enze Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China
| | - Jiansheng Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Taizhou Enze Medical Center Enze Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China
| | - Jinggang Mo
- Department of Neurology, Taizhou Central Hospital, Taizhou University Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China
| | - Haihong Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Taizhou Enze Medical Center Enze Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China
| | - Qiuyue Chen
- Department of Neurology, Taizhou Central Hospital, Taizhou University Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China
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27
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Nishi M, Miyakawa K, Matsunaga S, Khatun H, Yamaoka Y, Watashi K, Sugiyama M, Kimura H, Wakita T, Ryo A. Prolyl Isomerase Pin1 Regulates the Stability of Hepatitis B Virus Core Protein. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:26. [PMID: 32083080 PMCID: PMC7005485 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The dynamic interplay between virus and host proteins is critical for establishing efficient viral replication and virus-induced pathogenesis. Phosphorylation-dependent prolyl isomerization by Pin1 provides a unique mechanism of molecular switching to control both protein function and stability. We demonstrate here that Pin1 binds and stabilizes hepatitis B virus core protein (HBc) in a phosphorylation-dependent manner, and promotes the efficient viral propagation. Phos-tag gel electrophoresis with various site-directed mutants of HBc revealed that Thr160 and Ser162 residues within the C terminal arginine-rich domain are phosphorylated concomitantly. GST pull-down assay and co-immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated that Pin1 associated with phosphorylated HBc at the Thr160-Pro and Ser162-Pro motifs. Chemical or genetic inhibition of Pin1 significantly accelerated the rapid degradation of HBc via a lysosome-dependent pathway. Furthermore, we found that the pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase catalytic subunit 2 (PDP2) could dephosphorylate HBc at the Pin1-binding sites, thereby suppressing Pin1-mediated HBc stabilization. Our findings reveal an important regulatory mechanism of HBc stability catalyzed by Pin1 and may facilitate the development of new antiviral therapeutics targeting Pin1 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuko Nishi
- Department of Microbiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kei Miyakawa
- Department of Microbiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Satoko Matsunaga
- Department of Microbiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hajera Khatun
- Department of Microbiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yutaro Yamaoka
- Department of Microbiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.,Isehara Research Laboratory, Technology and Development Division, Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., Isehara, Japan
| | - Koichi Watashi
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaya Sugiyama
- Genome Medical Sciences Project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Kimura
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medical Technology, Gunma Paz University, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Takaji Wakita
- Genome Medical Sciences Project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akihide Ryo
- Department of Microbiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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28
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Kong F, Zhou K, Zhu T, Lian Q, Tao Y, Li N, Tu T, Bi Y, Yang X, Pan X, Li S, You H, Zheng K, Tang R. Interleukin-34 mediated by hepatitis B virus X protein via CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α contributes to the proliferation and migration of hepatoma cells. Cell Prolif 2019; 52:e12703. [PMID: 31621133 PMCID: PMC6869657 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Interleukin‐34 (IL‐34) is associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the role and associated mechanisms of IL‐34 in HBV‐related HCC remain unclear. In this study, the expression, biological function and associated mechanisms of IL‐34 in HBV‐related HCC cells were investigated. Methods IL‐34 expression induced by HBV and HBV X (HBX) gene was measured in hepatoma cells. The role of CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein α (CEBP/α) in HBX‐induced IL‐34 expression was examined. The signal pathways involved in the expression of CEBP/α and IL‐34 induced by HBX were assessed. The role of IL‐34 in the proliferation and migration of HCC cells, and related mechanisms were explored. Results Dependent on HBX, HBV increased IL‐34 expression in hepatoma cells, and HBX upregulated and interacted with CEBP/α to enhance the activity of IL‐34 promoters. CEBP/α mediated by HBX was associated with the activation of PI3‐K and NF‐κB pathways to promote IL‐34 expression. Via CSF1‐R and CD138, IL‐34 promoted the proliferation and migration of hepatoma cells, and contributed to the activation of ERK and STAT3 pathways and the upregulation of Bcl‐xl and c‐Myc mediated by HBX. Conclusion We demonstrate that IL‐34 contributes to HBX‐mediated functional abnormality of HCC cells and provides a novel insight into the molecular mechanism of carcinogenesis mediated by HBX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanyun Kong
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Sciences Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Clinical Laboratory, Enze Hospital, Taizhou Enze Medical Center, Luqiao, China
| | - Ting Zhu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qi Lian
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yukai Tao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Tao Tu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yanwei Bi
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Yang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiucheng Pan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shibao Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hongjuan You
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kuiyang Zheng
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Sciences Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Renxian Tang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Sciences Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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29
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Jiang Y, Han QJ, Zhang J. Hepatocellular carcinoma: Mechanisms of progression and immunotherapy. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:3151-3167. [PMID: 31333308 PMCID: PMC6626719 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i25.3151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the most common malignancies, and various pathogenic factors can lead to its occurrence and development. Among all primary liver cancers, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common. With extensive studies, an increasing number of molecular mechanisms that promote HCC are being discovered. Surgical resection is still the most effective treatment for patients with early HCC. However, early detection and treatment are difficult for most HCC patients, and the postoperative recurrence rate is high, resulting in poor clinical prognosis of HCC. Although immunotherapy takes longer than conventional chemotherapy to produce therapeutic effects, it persists for longer. In recent years, the emergence of many new immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint blockade and chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapies, has given new hope for the treatment of HCC.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/therapeutic use
- Cancer Vaccines/therapeutic use
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/immunology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy
- Clinical Trials as Topic
- Disease Progression
- Humans
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive/methods
- Liver Neoplasms/immunology
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/therapy
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/immunology
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/prevention & control
- Receptors, Chimeric Antigen/immunology
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jiang
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qiu-Ju Han
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
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Association between IL-37 gene polymorphisms and risk of HBV-related liver disease in a Saudi Arabian population. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7123. [PMID: 31073186 PMCID: PMC6509272 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42808-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-37 (IL-37) has recently been recognized as a strong anti-inflammatory cytokine having anti-tumor activity against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients. HCC is a typical inflammation-related cancer, and genetic variations within the IL-37 gene may be associated with the risk of HBV infection. Identification of the allelic patterns that genetically have a high disease risk is essential for the development of preventive diagnostics for HBV-mediated liver disease pathogenesis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the IL-37 gene and disease sequelae associated with HBV infection. We genotyped ten IL-37 SNPs in 1274 patients infected with HBV and 599 healthy controls from a Saudi Arabian population. Among the selected SNPs, two SNPs (rs2723175 and rs2708973) were strongly associated with HBV infection, and six SNPs (rs2723176, rs2723175, rs2723186, rs364030, rs28947200, rs4392270) were associated with HBV clearance, comparing healthy controls and HBV infected-patients respectively. A suggestive association of rs4849133 was identified with active HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) carrier and HBV-related liver disease progression. In conclusion, our findings suggest that variations at the IL-37 gene may be useful as genetic predictive risk factors for HBV infection and HBV-mediated liver disease progression in the Saudi Arabian population.
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Chauhan R, Shimizu Y, Watashi K, Wakita T, Fukasawa M, Michalak TI. Retrotransposon elements among initial sites of hepatitis B virus integration into human genome in the HepG2-NTCP cell infection model. Cancer Genet 2019; 235-236:39-56. [PMID: 31064734 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2019.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Integration of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA into host's genome is evident in all stages and models of HBV infection. Investigations of the initial virus-host junctions have been just recently initiated since their nature may promote liver oncogenesis immediately following infection. We examined the time-frame and host sites at which HBV integrates in HepG2 cells overexpressing sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP) receptor mediating HBV entry. HepG2-NTCP cells were analyzed from 15 min to 13 days post-infection (p.i.). The results showed that except for 15 min p.i., HBV-host integrations were detected at all time points thereafter. At 30 min p.i., virus junctions with retrotransposon SINE and with neuroblastoma breakpoint family member 1 gene were detected. At one-hour p.i., HBV integration with retrotransposon THE-1B-LTR was identified, while virus insertions into proline-rich protein and protein kinase cGMP-dependent type 1 encoding genes were found at 3 h p.i. Fusion with runt-related transcription factor 1 was detected at 24 h p.i. and merges with 9 different genes at 13 day p.i. The data showed that retrotransposon elements are frequent among first-hit sites of HBV insertion. This may suggest a mechanism by which HBV DNA may spread across host's genome from earliest stages of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjit Chauhan
- Molecular Virology and Hepatology Research Group, Division of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health Science Centre, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Yoshimi Shimizu
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Watashi
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takaji Wakita
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Fukasawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomasz I Michalak
- Molecular Virology and Hepatology Research Group, Division of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health Science Centre, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada.
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Molecular Mechanisms Driving Progression of Liver Cirrhosis towards Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Chronic Hepatitis B and C Infections: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2019. [PMID: 30889843 DOI: 10.3390/ijms] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Almost all patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a major type of primary liver cancer, also have liver cirrhosis, the severity of which hampers effective treatment for HCC despite recent progress in the efficacy of anticancer drugs for advanced stages of HCC. Here, we review recent knowledge concerning the molecular mechanisms of liver cirrhosis and its progression to HCC from genetic and epigenomic points of view. Because ~70% of patients with HCC have hepatitis B virus (HBV) and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, we focused on HBV- and HCV-associated HCC. The literature suggests that genetic and epigenetic factors, such as microRNAs, play a role in liver cirrhosis and its progression to HCC, and that HBV- and HCV-encoded proteins appear to be involved in hepatocarcinogenesis. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms, including immune checkpoints and molecular targets of kinase inhibitors, associated with liver cirrhosis and its progression to HCC.
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Molecular Mechanisms Driving Progression of Liver Cirrhosis towards Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Chronic Hepatitis B and C Infections: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061358. [PMID: 30889843 PMCID: PMC6470669 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Almost all patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a major type of primary liver cancer, also have liver cirrhosis, the severity of which hampers effective treatment for HCC despite recent progress in the efficacy of anticancer drugs for advanced stages of HCC. Here, we review recent knowledge concerning the molecular mechanisms of liver cirrhosis and its progression to HCC from genetic and epigenomic points of view. Because ~70% of patients with HCC have hepatitis B virus (HBV) and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, we focused on HBV- and HCV-associated HCC. The literature suggests that genetic and epigenetic factors, such as microRNAs, play a role in liver cirrhosis and its progression to HCC, and that HBV- and HCV-encoded proteins appear to be involved in hepatocarcinogenesis. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms, including immune checkpoints and molecular targets of kinase inhibitors, associated with liver cirrhosis and its progression to HCC.
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Liu S, Zhou Z, Jia Y, Xue J, Liu Z, Cheng K, Cheng S, Liu S. Identification of portal vein tumor thrombus with an independent clonal origin in hepatocellular carcinoma via multi-omics data analysis. Cancer Biol Med 2019; 16:147-170. [PMID: 31119055 PMCID: PMC6528462 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2018.0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Multiple mechanisms underlying the development of portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been reported recently. However, the origins of PVTT remain unknown. Increasing multi-omics data on PVTTs in HCCs have made it possible to investigate whether PVTTs originate from the corresponding primary tumors (Ts). Methods The clonal relationship between PVTTs and their corresponding primary Ts was investigated using datasets deposited in public databases. One DNA copy number variations dataset and three gene expression datasets were downloaded for the analyses. Clonality analysis was performed to investigate the clonal relationship between PVTTs and Ts from an individual patient. Differential gene expression analysis was applied to investigate the gene expression profiles of PVTTs and Ts. Results One out of 19 PVTTs had no clonal relationship with its corresponding T, whereas the others did. The PVTTs with independent clonal origin showed different gene expression and enrichment in biological processes from the primary Ts. Based on the unique gene expression profiles, a gene signature including 24 genes was used to identify pairs of PVTTs and primary Ts without any clonal relationship. Validation in three datasets showed that these types of pairs of PVTTs and Ts can be identified by the 24-gene signature. Conclusions Our findings show a direct evidence for PVTT origin and consolidate the heterogeneity of PVTTs observed in clinic. The results suggest that PVTT investigation at a molecular level is clinically necessary for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shupeng Liu
- Clinical Research Center, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zaixin Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yin Jia
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jie Xue
- Department of Hepatic Surgery VI, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Kai Cheng
- Clinical Research Center, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shuqun Cheng
- Department of Hepatic Surgery VI, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shanrong Liu
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Müller-Coan BG, Caetano BFR, Pagano JS, Elgui de Oliveira D. Cancer Progression Goes Viral: The Role of Oncoviruses in Aggressiveness of Malignancies. Trends Cancer 2018; 4:485-498. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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36
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Zhong C, Zhang YF, Huang JH, Xiong CM, Wang ZY, Chen QL, Guo RP. Comparison of hepatic resection and transarterial chemoembolization for UICC stage T3 hepatocellular carcinoma: a propensity score matching study. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:643. [PMID: 29879928 PMCID: PMC5992633 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4557-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal therapeutic strategy in UICC stage T3 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients that maximizes both safety and long-term outcome has not yet been determined. Our aim was to compare clinical outcomes following hepatic resection (HR) versus transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for stage T3 HCC. METHODS From 2005 to 2013, 1179 patients with T3 HCC who underwent HR or TACE were divided into two groups, HR group (n = 280) or TACE group (n = 899). The clinical outcomes were compared before and after propensity score matching. RESULTS The propensity model matched 244 patients in each group for further analyses. After matching, medium overall survival (OS), 1, 3, and 5-year OS rates in TACE group were 11.8 (95%CI, 9.9-13.7) months, 49.6, 16.5, and 8.4%, respectively; which in HR group were 17.8 (95% CI, 14.8-20.8) months, 63.1, 33.3, and 26.4%, respectively; (log rank = 19.908, P < 0.01). Patients in HR group were more likely to develop pleural effusion, compared with those in TACE group (0.4% vs. 5.3%, P = 0.01). However, no significant differences in other adverse events (AEs) were found between two groups. Similar results were also demonstrated prior to the matched analysis. Multivariate analysis indicated that prothrombin time (PT), tumor size, tumor numbers, UICC staging status, and initial treatment were independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed that TACE was an option for UICC T3 HCC patients. However, HR seemed to be safe and yield a survival benefit compared with TACE, especially for patients with a good underlying liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Zhong
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Airport Road, Guangzhou, 510405 China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Airport Road, Guangzhou, 510405 China
| | - Yong-Fa Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060 China
| | - Jun-Hai Huang
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Airport Road, Guangzhou, 510405 China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Airport Road, Guangzhou, 510405 China
| | - Cheng-Ming Xiong
- The First Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405 China
| | - Zi-Yu Wang
- The First Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405 China
| | - Qing-Lian Chen
- The First Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405 China
| | - Rong-Ping Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060 China
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Fan H, Lv P, Mu T, Zhao X, Liu Y, Feng Y, Lv J, Liu M, Tang H. LncRNA n335586/miR-924/CKMT1A axis contributes to cell migration and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cancer Lett 2018; 429:89-99. [PMID: 29753758 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major risk factor for HCC. Emerging evidences indicate that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a pivotal role in HCC development, but its contribution to HBV-related HCC remains largely unclear. Differentially expressed lncRNAs in HBV-related HCC tissues were identified by deep sequencing in our previous study. The function of lncRNA n335586, one of most up-regulated lncRNAs in HBV-related HCC, was characterized in the present study. We found that the expression of n335586 was significantly increased in HBV positive HCC tissues and cells and was induced by HBV in vitro. Function study indicated that lncRNA n335586 remarkably promoted HCC cells migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro and metastasis in vivo. Further mechanistic studies showed lncRNA n335586 promoted HCC cells migration and invasion through facilitating the expression of its host gene CKMT1A by competitively binding miR-924. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the n335586/miR-924/CKMT1A axis contributes to HCC cell migration and invasion, which may be helpful for understanding of pathogenesis of HBV-related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Fan
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Department of Pathogen Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ping Lv
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Department of Pathogen Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ting Mu
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Department of Pathogen Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaopei Zhao
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Department of Pathogen Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yankun Liu
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Department of Pathogen Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; The Cancer Institute, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Yujie Feng
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Department of Pathogen Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Lv
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Department of Pathogen Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Liu
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Department of Pathogen Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hua Tang
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Department of Pathogen Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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PRMT5: A novel regulator of Hepatitis B virus replication and an arginine methylase of HBV core. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186982. [PMID: 29065155 PMCID: PMC5655436 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In mammals, protein arginine methyltransferase 5, PRMT5, is the main type II enzyme responsible for the majority of symmetric dimethylarginine formation in polypeptides. Recent study reported that PRMT5 restricts Hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication through epigenetic repression of HBV DNA transcription and interference with encapsidation of pregenomic RNA. Here we demonstrate that PRMT5 interacts with the HBV core (HBc) protein and dimethylates arginine residues within the arginine-rich domain (ARD) of the carboxyl-terminus. ARD consists of four arginine rich subdomains, ARDI, ARDII, ARDIII and ARDIV. Mutation analysis of ARDs revealed that arginine methylation of HBc required the wild-type status of both ARDI and ARDII. Mass spectrometry analysis of HBc identified multiple potential ubiquitination, methylation and phosphorylation sites, out of which lysine K7 and arginines R150 (within ARDI) and R156 (outside ARDs) were shown to be modified by ubiquitination and methylation, respectively. The HBc symmetric dimethylation appeared to be linked to serine phosphorylation and nuclear import of HBc protein. Conversely, the monomethylated HBc retained in the cytoplasm. Thus, overexpression of PRMT5 led to increased nuclear accumulation of HBc, and vice versa, down-regulation of PRMT5 resulted in reduced levels of HBc in nuclei of transfected cells. In summary, we identified PRMT5 as a potent controller of HBc cell trafficking and function and described two novel types of HBc post-translational modifications (PTMs), arginine methylation and ubiquitination.
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Interference of Apoptosis by Hepatitis B Virus. Viruses 2017; 9:v9080230. [PMID: 28820498 PMCID: PMC5580487 DOI: 10.3390/v9080230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes liver diseases that have been a consistent problem for human health, leading to more than one million deaths every year worldwide. A large proportion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases across the world are closely associated with chronic HBV infection. Apoptosis is a programmed cell death and is frequently altered in cancer development. HBV infection interferes with the apoptosis signaling to promote HCC progression and viral proliferation. The HBV-mediated alteration of apoptosis is achieved via interference with cellular signaling pathways and regulation of epigenetics. HBV X protein (HBX) plays a major role in the interference of apoptosis. There are conflicting reports on the HBV interference of apoptosis with the majority showing inhibition of and the rest reporting induction of apoptosis. In this review, we described recent studies on the mechanisms of the HBV interference with the apoptosis signaling during the virus infection and provided perspective.
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Takahashi K, Putchakayala KG, Safwan M, Kim DY. Extrahepatic metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma to the paravertebral muscle: A case report. World J Hepatol 2017; 9:973-978. [PMID: 28839518 PMCID: PMC5550763 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v9.i22.973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of extrahepatic metastases (EHM) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been paradoxically increasing due to an increase in the survival of HCC patients. However, metastasis of HCC to the skeletal muscle tissue is extremely rare. We describe a unique case of HCC metastasizing to the paravertebral muscle. A 55-year-old man with a history of hepatitis B cirrhosis underwent partial liver resection with complete removal of HCC. Three months later, a computed tomography (CT) scan showed intrahepatic recurrence. The tumors were treated with yttrium-90 microspheres, trans-catheter arterial chemoembolization, and sorafenib. Six months later, a CT scan showed an enhancing lesion of the left paravertebral muscle that on biopsy were consistent with metastatic HCC. The tumor was treated with stereotactic hypo-fractionated image-guided radiation therapy (SHFRT). A follow-up scan 3 mo post-radiotherapy revealed a stable appearance of the paravertebral muscle metastasis. Because of the progression in the intrahepatic tumors, the patient was treated with capecitabine, which was changed to dasatinib 6 mo later. The patient passed away three years after the primary surgical resection. Management of EHM poses an extreme challenge. This is the first case of HCC with EHM to the paravertebral muscle in which stability of disease was achieved using SHFRT. This case highlights the importance of early detection of hepatitis B viral infection and initiation of anti-viral therapy to decrease recurrence of HCC and prevent EHM.
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