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Wang Z, Zhang Y, Liao Z, Huang M, Shui X. The potential of aryl hydrocarbon receptor as receptors for metabolic changes in tumors. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1328606. [PMID: 38434684 PMCID: PMC10904539 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1328606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells can alter their metabolism to meet energy and molecular requirements due to unfavorable environments with oxygen and nutritional deficiencies. Therefore, metabolic reprogramming is common in a tumor microenvironment (TME). Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated nuclear transcription factor, which can be activated by many exogenous and endogenous ligands. Multiple AhR ligands can be produced by both TME and tumor cells. By attaching to various ligands, AhR regulates cancer metabolic reprogramming by dysregulating various metabolic pathways, including glycolysis, lipid metabolism, and nucleotide metabolism. These regulated pathways greatly contribute to cancer cell growth, metastasis, and evading cancer therapies; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, we review the relationship between TME and metabolism and describe the important role of AhR in cancer regulation. We also focus on recent findings to discuss the idea that AhR acts as a receptor for metabolic changes in tumors, which may provide new perspectives on the direction of AhR research in tumor metabolic reprogramming and future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiying Wang
- Laboratory of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanqi Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhihong Liao
- Laboratory of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingzhang Huang
- Laboratory of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaorong Shui
- Laboratory of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
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Riaz F, Zhang J, Pan F. Forces at play: exploring factors affecting the cancer metastasis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1274474. [PMID: 38361941 PMCID: PMC10867181 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1274474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Metastatic disease, a leading and lethal indication of deaths associated with tumors, results from the dissemination of metastatic tumor cells from the site of primary origin to a distant organ. Dispersion of metastatic cells during the development of tumors at distant organs leads to failure to comply with conventional treatments, ultimately instigating abrupt tissue homeostasis and organ failure. Increasing evidence indicates that the tumor microenvironment (TME) is a crucial factor in cancer progression and the process of metastatic tumor development at secondary sites. TME comprises several factors contributing to the initiation and progression of the metastatic cascade. Among these, various cell types in TME, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs), cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), T cells, and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), are significant players participating in cancer metastasis. Besides, various other factors, such as extracellular matrix (ECM), gut microbiota, circadian rhythm, and hypoxia, also shape the TME and impact the metastatic cascade. A thorough understanding of the functions of TME components in tumor progression and metastasis is necessary to discover new therapeutic strategies targeting the metastatic tumor cells and TME. Therefore, we reviewed these pivotal TME components and highlighted the background knowledge on how these cell types and disrupted components of TME influence the metastatic cascade and establish the premetastatic niche. This review will help researchers identify these altered components' molecular patterns and design an optimized, targeted therapy to treat solid tumors and restrict metastatic cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farooq Riaz
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Fan Pan
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
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Zhou J, Du H, Cai W. Narrative review: precision medicine applications in neuroblastoma-current status and future prospects. Transl Pediatr 2024; 13:164-177. [PMID: 38323175 PMCID: PMC10839273 DOI: 10.21037/tp-23-557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective Neuroblastoma (NB) is a common malignant tumor in children, and its treatment remains challenging. Precision medicine, as an individualized treatment strategy, aims to improve efficacy and reduce toxicity by combining unique patient- and tumor-related factors, bringing new hope for NB treatment. In this article, we review the evidence related to precision medicine in NB, with a focus on potential clinically actionable targets and a series of targeted drugs associated with NB. Methods We conducted an extensive search in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science using key terms and database-specific strategies, filtered for time and language, to ensure a comprehensive collection of literature related to precision medicine in NB. The main search terms consisted of "neuroblastoma", "precision medicine", "pediatrics", and "targeting". The articles included in this study encompass those published from 1985 to the present, without restrictions on the type of articles. Key Content and Findings ALK inhibitors and MYCN inhibitors have been developed to interfere with tumor cell growth and dissemination, thereby improving treatment outcomes. Additionally, systematic testing to identify relevant driver mutations is crucial and can be used for diagnosis and prognostic assessment through the detection of many associated molecular markers. Furthermore, liquid biopsy, a non-invasive tumor detection method, can complement tissue biopsy and play a role in NB by analyzing circulating tumor DNA and circulating tumor cells to provide genetic information and molecular characteristics of the tumor. Recently, trials conducted by many pediatric oncology groups have shown the urgent need for new approaches to cure relapsed and refractory patients. Conclusions The purpose of this review is to summarize the latest advances in clinical treatment of NB, to better understand and focus on the development of promising treatment approaches, and to expedite the transition to the precision medicine clinical relevance in NB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongmei Du
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Weisong Cai
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Wang W, Liang M, Wang L, Bei W, Guo J. 15-Hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase inhibitor SW033291 ameliorates hepatic abnormal lipid metabolism, ER stress, and inflammation through PGE 2/EP4 in T2DM mice. Bioorg Chem 2023; 137:106646. [PMID: 37285764 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a rapidly growing epidemic that results in increased morbidity, mortality, and soaring medical costs. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a vital lipid mediator, has been reported to protect against hepatic steatosis, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and insulin resistance, indicating its potential therapeutic role in T2DM. PGE2 can be degraded by 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH). SW033291, an inhibitor of 15-PGDH, has been reported to increase PGE2 levels, however, the effect of SW033291 in T2DM remains to be explored. This study aims to evaluate whether SW033291 protects against T2DM and explore its potential mechanisms. A T2DM mouse model was established through high-fat diet/streptozotocin injection, while palmitic acid-treated mouse primary hepatocytes were used as insulin-resistant cell models. SW033291 treatment reduced body weight, fat weight, fasting blood glucose, and improved impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in T2DM mice. More importantly, SW033291 alleviated steatosis, inflammation, and ER stress in the liver of T2DM mice. Mechanistically, SW033291 decreased the expressions of SREBP-1c and ACC1, and increased the expression of PPARα in T2DM mice. Additionally, SW033291 inhibited NF-κB and eIF2α/CHOP signaling in T2DM mice. Further, we showed that the protective effects of SW033291 on the above-mentioned pathophysiological processes could be hindered by inhibition of the PGE2 receptor EP4. Overall, our study reveals a novel role of SW033291 in alleviating T2DM and suggests its potential as a new therapeutic strategy for T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixuan Wang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial Research Center of Integration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine in Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Mingjie Liang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial Research Center of Integration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine in Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lexun Wang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial Research Center of Integration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine in Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Weijian Bei
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial Research Center of Integration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine in Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial Research Center of Integration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine in Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
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Liang M, Wang L, Wang W. The 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase inhibitor SW033291 ameliorates abnormal hepatic glucose metabolism through PGE 2-EP4 receptor-AKT signaling in a type 2 diabetes mellitus mouse model. Cell Signal 2023; 108:110707. [PMID: 37164143 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a lipid signaling molecule that can ameliorate the symptoms of some metabolic diseases, including T2DM, and improve tissue repair and regeneration. Although SW033291 can increase PGE2 levels through its action as a small molecule inhibitor of the PGE2-degrading enzyme 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase, its effects on T2DM remain unclear. In the present study, we evaluated whether SW033291 treatment exerts a protective effect against T2DM and explored the underlying mechanisms. A T2DM mouse model was established using a high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin treatment. Palmitic acid-treated LO2 cells were used as an insulin-resistant cell model. SW033291 treatment reduced body weight and fasting blood glucose levels as well as serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in vivo. In addition to ameliorating glucose and insulin tolerance, SW033291 treatment reversed the T2DM-induced decrease in glycogen synthesis and increase in gluconeogenesis in the liver. Furthermore, SW033291 administration increased hepatic glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) phosphorylation levels to promote glycogen synthesis. SW033291 treatment also inhibited gluconeogenesis by upregulating AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT) and forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) phosphorylation and reducing glucose-6-phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 expression in the livers of T2DM model mice. Additionally, SW033291 treatment improved abnormal hepatic glucose metabolism through the PGE2-EP4 receptor-AKT-GSK3β/FOXO1 signaling pathway in vitro. These results suggest a novel role of SW033291 in improving T2DM and support its potential as a novel therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Liang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial Research Center of Integration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine in Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lexun Wang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial Research Center of Integration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine in Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Weixuan Wang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial Research Center of Integration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine in Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
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Fuller AD, Karami AL, Kabir MF, Klochkova A, Jackson JL, Mu A, Tan Y, Klein-Szanto AJ, Whelan KA. Eosinophilic esophagitis-associated epithelial remodeling may limit esophageal carcinogenesis. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2023; 4:1086032. [PMID: 37064719 PMCID: PMC10090679 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2023.1086032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Under homeostatic conditions, esophageal epithelium displays a proliferation/differentiation gradient that is generated as proliferative basal cells give rise to suprabasal cells then terminally differentiated superficial cells. This proliferation/differentiation gradient is often perturbed in esophageal pathologies. Basal cell hyperplasia may occur in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a condition in which acid from the stomach enters the esophagus, or eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), an emerging form of food allergy. While GERD is a primary risk factor for esophageal cancer, epidemiological data suggests that EoE patients do not develop esophageal cancer. Methods In order to investigate the impact of EoE and esophageal cancer specifically on the cellular landscape of esophageal epithelium, we perform single cell RNA-sequencing in murine models of EoE and esophageal cancer, specifically esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We further evaluate modules of co-expressed genes in EoE- and ESCC-enriched epithelial cell clusters. Finally, we pair EoE and ESCC murine models to examine the functional relationship between these pathologies. Results In mice with either EoE or ESCC, we find expansion of cell populations as compared to normal esophageal epithelium. In mice with EoE, we detect distinct expansion of 4 suprabasal populations coupled with depletion of 2 basal populations. By contrast, mice with ESCC display unique expansion of 2 basal populations and 1 suprabasal population, as well as depletion of 2 suprabasal populations. Senescence, glucocorticoid receptor signaling, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor pathways are associated with EoE-enriched clusters while pathways associated with cell proliferation and metabolism are identified in ESCC-enriched clusters. Finally, our in vivo data demonstrate that exposure to EoE inflammation limits tumor burden of esophageal carcinogenesis. Discussion Our findings provide the first functional investigation of the relationship between EoE and esophageal cancer and suggest that esophageal epithelial remodeling events occurring in response to EoE inflammation may limit esophageal carcinogenesis. This investigation may have future implications for leveraging allergic inflammation-associated alterations in epithelial biology to prevent and/or treat esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie D. Fuller
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Adam L. Karami
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Mohammad Faujul Kabir
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Alena Klochkova
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jazmyne L. Jackson
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Anbin Mu
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yinfei Tan
- Genomics Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | - Kelly A. Whelan
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Cancer & Cellular Biology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Puris E, Fricker G, Gynther M. The Role of Solute Carrier Transporters in Efficient Anticancer Drug Delivery and Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020364. [PMID: 36839686 PMCID: PMC9966068 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Transporter-mediated drug resistance is a major obstacle in anticancer drug delivery and a key reason for cancer drug therapy failure. Membrane solute carrier (SLC) transporters play a crucial role in the cellular uptake of drugs. The expression and function of the SLC transporters can be down-regulated in cancer cells, which limits the uptake of drugs into the tumor cells, resulting in the inefficiency of the drug therapy. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of low-SLC-transporter-expression-mediated drug resistance in different types of cancers. Recent advances in SLC-transporter-targeting strategies include the development of transporter-utilizing prodrugs and nanocarriers and the modulation of SLC transporter expression in cancer cells. These strategies will play an important role in the future development of anticancer drug therapies by enabling the efficient delivery of drugs into cancer cells.
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Xu T, Luo Y, Xie HQ, Xia Y, Li Y, Chen Y, Guo Z, Xu L, Zhao B. Systematic identification of molecular mechanisms for aryl hydrocarbon receptor mediated neuroblastoma cell migration. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 168:107461. [PMID: 35981476 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cell migration is affected by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). However, the systematic molecular mechanisms underlying AhR-mediated migration of human neuroblastoma cells are not fully understood. To address this issue, we performed an integrative analysis of mRNA and microRNA (miR) expression profiles in human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells treated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), a potent agonist of AhR. The cell migration was increased in a time- and concentration- dependent manner, and was blocked by AhR antagonist (CH223191). A total of 4,377 genes were differentially expressed after 24-hour-treatment with 10-10 M TCDD, of which the upregulated genes were significantly enriched in cell migration-related biological pathways. Thirty-four upregulated genes, of which 25 were targeted by 78 differentially expressed miRs, in the axon guidance pathway were experimentally confirmed, and the putative dioxin-responsive elements were present in the promoter regions of most genes (79 %) and miRs (82 %) in this pathway. Furthermore, two promigratory genes (CFL2 and NRP1) induced by TCDD was reversed by blockade of AhR. In conclusion, AhR-mediated mRNA-miR networks in the axon guidance pathway may represent a potential molecular mechanism of dioxin-induced directional migration of human neuroblastoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yali Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Heidi Qunhui Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yingjie Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yangsheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiling Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Wu K, Liu F, Zhang T, Zhou Z, Yu S, Quan Y, Zhu S. miR-375 suppresses the growth and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by targeting PRDX1. J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 13:2154-2168. [PMID: 36388649 PMCID: PMC9660039 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-22-929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most lethal cancers. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the most common histological subtype in Asian people. Diverse microRNAs, such as miR-375, have been confirmed to be involved in the process of tumorigenesis and metastasis. However, the underlying mechanism through which miR-375 acts in ESCC patients remains unknown. METHODS We used The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to analyze the association between miR-375 and the survival rate in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Real Time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis was performed to evaluate the level of miR-375 in EC tissues and cells. A luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm the target gene of miR-375. A colony formation assay as well as flow cytometric and transwell invasion experiments were employed to examine the effects of miR-375 and peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) on ESCC cells. A tumor xenograft mouse model was then used to investigate the role of miR-375 on tumor growth in vivo. Moreover, we performed rescue experiments to evaluate the effect of PRDX1 on ESCC progression. RESULTS miR-375 expression was significantly downregulated in both ESCC clinical tissues and serum, and the reduction of miR-375 was remarkably linked to a poor prognosis in ESCC. Further investigation illustrated that aberrant expression of miR-375 dampened the growth and infiltration of ESCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatics and luciferase reporter analysis verified that the transcript of PRDX1 is a direct target of miR-375 and its expression in ESCC cells was found to be inversely modulated by miR-375. Moreover, the tumor formation experiment in nude mice confirmed that miR-375 can effectively dampen tumor growth in xenograft tumor mice models. Notably, over-expression of PRDX1 effectively counteracted the tumor-suppressing capabilities of miR-375. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated the antitumor effect of miR-375 on ESCC by targeting PRDX1 both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunpeng Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Lishui People’s Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Lishui People’s Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Lishui People’s Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiliang Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Lishui People’s Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shouqiang Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Lishui People’s Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yonghui Quan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Lishui People’s Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaojin Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, China
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Zhao C, Zhang H, Zhou J, Liu Q, Lu Q, Zhang Y, Yu X, Wang S, Liu R, Pu Y, Yin L. Metabolomic transition trajectory and potential mechanisms of N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine induced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in rats. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 244:114071. [PMID: 36113270 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is an environment-relevant malignancy with a high mortality. Nitrosamines, a class of nitrogen-containing environmental carcinogens, are widely suggested as a risk factor for ESCC. However, how nitrosamines affect metabolic regulation to promote ESCC tumorigenesis is largely unknown. In this study, the transition trajectory of serum metabolism in the course of ESCC induced by N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine (NMBA) in rats was depicted by an untargeted metabolomic analysis, and the potential molecular mechanisms were revealed. The results showed that the metabolic alteration in rats was slight at the basal cell hyperplasia (BCH) stage, while it became apparent when the esophageal lesion developed into dysplasia (DYS) or more serious conditions. Moreover, serum metabolism of severe dysplasia (S-DYS) showed more similar characteristics to that of carcinoma in situ (CIS) and invasive cancer (IC). Aberrant nicotinate (NA) and nicotinamide (NAM) metabolism, tryptophan (TRP) metabolism, and sphingolipid metabolism could be the key players favoring the malignant transformation of esophageal epithelium induced by NMBA. More particularly, NA and NAM metabolism in the precancerous stages and TRP metabolism in the cancerous stages were demonstrated to replenish NAD+ in different patterns. Furthermore, both the IDO1-KYN-AHR axis mediated by TRP metabolism and the SPHK1-S1P-S1PR1 axis by sphingolipid metabolism provided an impetus to create the pro-inflammatory yet immune-suppressive microenvironment to facilitate the esophageal tumorigenesis and progression. Together, these suggested that NMBA exerted its carcinogenicity via more than one pathway, which may act together to produce combination effects. Targeting these pathways may open up the possibility to attenuate NMBA-induced esophageal carcinogenesis. However, the interconnection between different metabolic pathways needs to be specified further. And the integrative and multi-level systematic research will be conducive to fully understanding the mechanisms of NMBA-induced ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhao
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; School of Nursing & School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiwei Liu
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiang Lu
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaojin Yu
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Shizhi Wang
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Ran Liu
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuepu Pu
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Lihong Yin
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China.
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11
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Vitamin B 2 Prevents Glucocorticoid-Caused Damage of Blood Vessels in Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:4006184. [PMID: 35845964 PMCID: PMC9279053 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4006184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a disorder that can cause collapse of the femoral head. The damage and dysfunction of femoral head microvascular endothelial cells are related to the pathogenesis of glucocorticoid-induced ONFH. Reports suggest that vitamin B2 can promote osteoblast differentiation and prevent low bone mineral density and prevent reperfusion oxidative injury. To explore the effect and possible molecular mechanism of vitamin B2 on the ONFH and Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs), we performed a rat model of ONFH by dexamethasone. The rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, vitamin B2 group, dexamethasone group, and dexamethasone combined with vitamin B2 treatment group. HUVECs were used to further prove the role and mechanism of vitamin B2 in vitro. In patients, according to immunohistochemical and qRT-PCR of the femoral head, the angiogenic capacity of the ONFH femoral head is compromised. In vivo, it showed that vitamin B2 could inhibit glucocorticoid-induced ONFH-like changes in rats by suppressing cell apoptosis, promoting the regeneration of blood vessels, and increasing bone mass. According to in vitro results, vitamin B2 could induce the migration of HUVECs, enhance the expression of angiogenesis-related factors, and inhibit glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis. The underlying mechanism may be that vitamin B2 activates the PI3K signaling pathway. Vitamin B2 alleviated dexamethasone-induced ONFH, and vitamin B2 could promote the proliferation and migration of HUVECs and inhibit their apoptosis by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Vitamin B2 may be a potentially effective treatment for ONFH.
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12
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Ma RJ, Ma C, Hu K, Zhao MM, Zhang N, Sun ZG. Molecular mechanism, regulation, and therapeutic targeting of the STAT3 signaling pathway in esophageal cancer (Review). Int J Oncol 2022; 61:105. [PMID: 35856449 PMCID: PMC9339493 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is the seventh most common cancer globally, and the overall 5-year survival rate is only 20%. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is aberrantly activated in EC, and its activation is associated with a poor prognosis. STAT3 can be activated by canonical pathways such as the JAK/STAT3 pathway as well as non-canonical pathways including the Wnt/STAT3 and COX2/PGE2/STAT3 pathways. Activated STAT3, present as phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3), can be transported into the nucleus to regulate downstream genes, including VEGF, cyclin D1, Bcl-xL, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), to promote cancer cell proliferation and induce resistance to therapy. Non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), play a vital role in regulating the STAT3 signaling pathway in EC. Several miRNAs promote or suppress the function of STAT3 in EC, while lncRNAs and circRNAs primarily promote the effects of STAT3 and the progression of cancer. Additionally, various drugs and natural compounds can target STAT3 to suppress the malignant behavior of EC cells, providing novel insights into potential EC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Jie Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Kang Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Meng Zhao
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Breast Disease Center, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Gang Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
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13
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Grishanova AY, Perepechaeva ML. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Oxidative Stress as a Double Agent and Its Biological and Therapeutic Significance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126719. [PMID: 35743162 PMCID: PMC9224361 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has long been implicated in the induction of a battery of genes involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. AhR is a ligand-activated transcription factor necessary for the launch of transcriptional responses important in health and disease. In past decades, evidence has accumulated that AhR is associated with the cellular response to oxidative stress, and this property of AhR must be taken into account during investigations into a mechanism of action of xenobiotics that is able to activate AhR or that is susceptible to metabolic activation by enzymes encoded by the genes that are under the control of AhR. In this review, we examine various mechanisms by which AhR takes part in the oxidative-stress response, including antioxidant and prooxidant enzymes and cytochrome P450. We also show that AhR, as a participant in the redox balance and as a modulator of redox signals, is being increasingly studied as a target for a new class of therapeutic compounds and as an explanation for the pathogenesis of some disorders.
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14
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Ke S, Fang M, Li R, Wang J, Lu J. Downregulation of long noncoding RNA breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 4 inhibits cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating the microRNA-181c-5p/LIM and SH3 protein 1 axis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:12998-13010. [PMID: 35611706 PMCID: PMC9275979 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2060720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, abnormal expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been observed in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In various human cancers, breast cancer anti‑estrogen resistance 4 (BCAR4) was reported to be highly expressed, while the biological roles of BCAR4 in ESCC remain unclear. In ESCC cells and tissues, BCAR4 and microRNA −181c-5p (miR-181c-5p) expression, and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription (p-STAT3) and COX2 expression were evaluated by real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. Cell function was evaluated by colony formation, CCK-8 assay, transwell and flow cytometer assays. Interactions between BCAR4 and miR-181c-5p, as well as miR-181c-5p and LIM and SH3 protein 1 (LASP1) were evaluated by RIP and luciferase reporter assay. ESCC cell malignancy with inhibition of BCAR4 was confirmed by a tumor xenograft model in vivo. In both ESCC tissues and cell lines, BCAR4 was upregulated. Downregulation of BCAR4 effectively induced cell apoptosis and inhibited invasion and migration in vitro, and reduced tumorigenesis in nude mice. BCAR4 was a sponge of miR-181c-5p to upregulate LASP1. Moreover, knockdown of BCAR4 and overexpression of miR-181c-5p inhibited the activation of the STAT3/COX2 signaling, which was reversed by overexpression of LASP1. In conclusion, BCAR4 promotes ESCC tumorigenesis by targeting the miR-181c-5p/LASP1 axis, which may act as a treatment and diagnosis biomarker for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Ke
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Minghao Fang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ruichao Li
- Department of General Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Remin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China
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15
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Cheung MK, Yue GGL, Gomes AJ, Wong ECW, Lee JKM, Kwok FHF, Chiu PWY, Lau CBS. Network pharmacology reveals potential functional components and underlying molecular mechanisms of Andrographis paniculata in esophageal cancer treatment. Phytother Res 2022; 36:1748-1760. [PMID: 35174914 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Antitumor and antimetastatic effects of the medicinal herb Andrographis paniculata (AP) in esophageal cancer (EC) have been previously reported. In this study, we aimed to uncover the potential functional components and the underlying molecular mechanisms of AP in EC treatment using network pharmacology and experimental validation. Twenty-two potential active AP compounds against EC were revealed, including the antitumor/antiinflammatory compounds panicolin, moslosooflavone, and deoxyandrographiside. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT1), prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8 (CXCL8), phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase subunit alpha (PIK3CA), and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) were most highly ranked among the predicted targets of AP in EC treatment and may play important roles in the anti-EC effects of AP. KEGG pathway analysis revealed the enrichment of multiple cancer-related pathways and signaling pathways. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting validation showed that overnight treatment with 850.3 μg/ml of AP water extract significantly reduced the mRNA expressions of EGFR and AKT in human EC-109 cells. The presence of panicolin and moslosooflavone in the AP water extract samples were confirmed using LC-MS against reference standards. This study has comprehensively revealed for the first time the potential functional components of AP in EC and explored the underlying molecular mechanisms. Future studies should characterize the potential pharmacological properties of the other highly ranked yet understudied compounds in AP detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Kit Cheung
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Grace Gar-Lee Yue
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Adele Joyce Gomes
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Eric Chun-Wai Wong
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Julia Kin-Ming Lee
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Frankie Hin-Fai Kwok
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Philip Wai-Yan Chiu
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Clara Bik-San Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
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16
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Cannon AS, Nagarkatti PS, Nagarkatti M. Targeting AhR as a Novel Therapeutic Modality against Inflammatory Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:288. [PMID: 35008717 PMCID: PMC8745713 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, activation of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) was excluded from consideration as a therapeutic approach due to the potential toxic effects of AhR ligands and the induction of the cytochrome P450 enzyme, Cyp1a1, following AhR activation. However, it is now understood that AhR activation not only serves as an environmental sensor that regulates the effects of environmental toxins, but also as a key immunomodulator where ligands induce a variety of cellular and epigenetic mechanisms to attenuate inflammation. Thus, the emergence of further in-depth research into diverse groups of compounds capable of activating this receptor has prompted reconsideration of its use therapeutically. The aim of this review is to summarize the body of research surrounding AhR and its role in regulating inflammation. Specifically, evidence supporting the potential of targeting this receptor to modulate the immune response in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases will be highlighted. Additionally, the opportunities and challenges of developing AhR-based therapies to suppress inflammation will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA; (A.S.C.); (P.S.N.)
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17
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Tanaka Y, Shimizu S, Shirotani M, Yorozu K, Kitamura K, Oehorumu M, Kawai Y, Fukuzawa Y. Nutrition and Cancer Risk from the Viewpoint of the Intestinal Microbiome. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103326. [PMID: 34684330 PMCID: PMC8541425 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There are various important factors in reducing the risk of cancer development and progression; these factors may correct an unbalanced intake of nutrients to maintain the living body’s homeostasis, detoxify toxic materials, acting as an external factor, and maintain and strengthen the body’s immune function. In a normal cell environment, nutrients, such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins, and minerals, are properly digested and absorbed into the body, and, as a result, an environment in which cancer can develop and progress is prevented. It is necessary to prevent toxic materials from entering the body and to detoxify poisons in the body. If these processes occur correctly, cells work normally, and genes cannot be damaged. The most important factor in the fight against cancer and prevention of the development and progression of cancer is the immune system. This requires a nutritional state in which the immune system works well, allowing the intestinal microbiome to carry out all of its roles. In order to grow intestinal microbiota, the consumption of prebiotics, such as organic vegetables, fruits, and dietary fiber, and probiotics of effective intestinal microbiota, such as fermented foods and supplements, is required. Symbiosis, in which these organisms work together, is an effective means of reducing the risk of cancer. In addition, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) using ultrafine bubble water, produced specially by the Association for Clinical Research of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Japan, is also useful for improving the nutritional condition and reducing the risk of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimu Tanaka
- Jinzenkai Tanaka Clinic, 2-3-8, Ikunonishi, Ikuno-ku, Osaka 544-0024, Japan
- The Association for Clinical Research of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Japan, 2-1-40, Katamachi, Miyakojima-ku, Osaka 534-0025, Japan; (S.S.); (M.S.); (K.Y.); (K.K.); (M.O.); (Y.K.); (Y.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Shin Shimizu
- The Association for Clinical Research of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Japan, 2-1-40, Katamachi, Miyakojima-ku, Osaka 534-0025, Japan; (S.S.); (M.S.); (K.Y.); (K.K.); (M.O.); (Y.K.); (Y.F.)
- Symbiosis Research Institute, 6-7-4-106, Minatojimaminami-machi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Masahiko Shirotani
- The Association for Clinical Research of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Japan, 2-1-40, Katamachi, Miyakojima-ku, Osaka 534-0025, Japan; (S.S.); (M.S.); (K.Y.); (K.K.); (M.O.); (Y.K.); (Y.F.)
- Luke’s Ashiya Clinic, 8-2, Ohara-cho, Ashiya, Hyogo 659-0092, Japan
| | - Kensho Yorozu
- The Association for Clinical Research of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Japan, 2-1-40, Katamachi, Miyakojima-ku, Osaka 534-0025, Japan; (S.S.); (M.S.); (K.Y.); (K.K.); (M.O.); (Y.K.); (Y.F.)
- Ishinkai Yorozu Clinic, 1-118-4, Mihagino, Tottori 689-0202, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Kitamura
- The Association for Clinical Research of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Japan, 2-1-40, Katamachi, Miyakojima-ku, Osaka 534-0025, Japan; (S.S.); (M.S.); (K.Y.); (K.K.); (M.O.); (Y.K.); (Y.F.)
- Kitamura Clinic, 4-3-8, Nishiki-machi, Onojo, Fukuoka 816-0935, Japan
| | - Masayuki Oehorumu
- The Association for Clinical Research of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Japan, 2-1-40, Katamachi, Miyakojima-ku, Osaka 534-0025, Japan; (S.S.); (M.S.); (K.Y.); (K.K.); (M.O.); (Y.K.); (Y.F.)
- LIFE Clinic Tateshina, 3317-1, Toyohira, Chino, Nagano 391-0213, Japan
| | - Yuichi Kawai
- The Association for Clinical Research of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Japan, 2-1-40, Katamachi, Miyakojima-ku, Osaka 534-0025, Japan; (S.S.); (M.S.); (K.Y.); (K.K.); (M.O.); (Y.K.); (Y.F.)
- Yuakai Kawai Clinic for Internal Medicine, 3-7-14, Higashi-Nakahama, Joto-ku, Osaka 536-0023, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Fukuzawa
- The Association for Clinical Research of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Japan, 2-1-40, Katamachi, Miyakojima-ku, Osaka 534-0025, Japan; (S.S.); (M.S.); (K.Y.); (K.K.); (M.O.); (Y.K.); (Y.F.)
- Aichi Medical Preemptive and Integrative Medicine Center, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1103, Japan
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18
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Moyano P, Garcia JM, García J, Pelayo A, Muñoz-Calero P, Frejo MT, Flores A, Del Pino J. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation Produces Heat Shock Protein 90 and 70 Overexpression, Prostaglandin E2/Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Disruption, and Cell Proliferation in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 Cells after 24 h and 14 Days of Chlorpyrifos Treatment. Chem Res Toxicol 2021; 34:2019-2023. [PMID: 34424684 PMCID: PMC9132385 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The biocide chlorpyrifos (CPF) was
described to increase breast
cancer risk in humans, to produce breast cancer in animals, and to
induce cell proliferation in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells after 1 and
14 days of treatment. The entire mechanisms related to these CPF actions
remain unknown. CPF induced cell proliferation in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231
cells after 1 and 14 days of treatment by AhR activation through the
PGE2/Wnt/β-catenin pathway and HSP90 and HSP70 overexpression.
Our results reveal new information on CPF toxic mechanisms induced
in human breast cancer cell lines, which could assist in elucidating
its involvement in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Moyano
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Manuel Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jimena García
- Department of Pharmacology, Health Sciences School, Alfonso X University, 28691 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adela Pelayo
- Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology, Medicine School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Muñoz-Calero
- Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology, Medicine School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Teresa Frejo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Flores
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Del Pino
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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19
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Bai Y, Zhu P, Zhou K, Zhang SG. Effect of the acid suppressor omeprazole on the proliferation, migration, invasion and cell cycle of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1187. [PMID: 34475977 PMCID: PMC8406681 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is a malignant tumor type with one of the highest mortality rates worldwide. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), which has been investigated in recent years, has been confirmed to be associated with the occurrence and development of esophageal cancer. AHR has a variety of different ligands, which regulate its activity following binding. The widely known acid inhibitor omeprazole (OME) also affects AHR and its downstream proteins (such as the cytochrome P450 family) by non-ligand binding; however, the mechanisms have remained to be fully elucidated. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the role of OME in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), whether the mechanism proceeds via the AHR pathway and how OME regulates AHR to affect the occurrence and development of esophageal carcinoma. The AHR-selective regulator OME was used to treat the ESCC cell lines TE1 and KYSE150. Western blot analysis was used to verify the effect of OME on AHR and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein expression levels, while Cell Counting Kit (CCK)-8, wound-healing and Transwell assays were used to determine the proliferation, migration and invasion of the ESCCs, respectively, following treatment with OME. In addition, flow cytometry was used to investigate the cell cycle distribution of the ESCCs following incubation with OME. AHR was highly expressed in the ESCCs and following treatment with OME, the protein expression levels of AHR and PCNA were downregulated. The CCK-8 assay indicated that the proliferation of the ESCCs was also reduced following treatment with OME. Furthermore, flow cytometry revealed a notable block of the cells in G1/G0 phase, while the results of the wound-healing and Transwell assays respectively suggested that cell migration and invasion were reduced. In conclusion, OME inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of ESCC cells and blocked the cell cycle via the AHR pathway, which may provide a therapeutic effect on esophageal squamous cell cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Bai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Peiyao Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Guang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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20
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Liu Y, Chen Y, Sha R, Li Y, Xu T, Hu X, Xu L, Xie Q, Zhao B. A new insight into the role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in the migration of glioblastoma by AhR-IL24 axis regulation. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 154:106658. [PMID: 34082239 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cancer occurrence and development are closely related to the environment. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is an important receptor mediating the toxic effects of many environmental compounds, and is also involved in regulating tumor cell migration. Glioblastoma is the most malignant glioma and exhibits high motility, but the effects of AhR on the migration of glioblastoma are still unclear. We aimed to understand the role of AhR in the migration of this type of tumor cell and to explore the underlying molecular mechanism. In cultured human neuroblastoma cells (U87), we found that AhR overexpression or knockdown increased or suppressed the migration ability of U87 cells, respectively. Furthermore, inhibition of basal activation of the AhR pathway suppressed migration ability, suggesting a positive correlation between endogenous activity of the AhR pathway and cell migration. When the AhR pathway was activated by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) or 6-formyl [3,2-b] carbazole (FICZ), the migration of U87 cells was inhibited by inducing the expression of a tumor suppressor, IL24, which is a downstream responsive gene of AhR activation. Moreover, a similar AhR-IL24-dependent mechanism for migration inhibition of TCDD was documented in a breast cancer cell line and a lung cancer cell line. This study demonstrated that AhR plays important roles in regulating the migration of glioblastoma, and the induction of the AhR-IL24 axis mediates the inhibition of migration in response to TCDD or FICZ treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yangsheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Sha
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qunhui Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Bin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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21
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Tošić I, Heppler LN, Egusquiaguirre SP, Boehnke N, Correa S, Costa DF, Moore EAG, Pal S, Richardson DS, Ivanov AR, Haas-Kogan DA, Nomura DK, Hammond PT, Frank DA. Lipidome-based Targeting of STAT3-driven Breast Cancer Cells Using Poly-l-glutamic Acid-coated Layer-by-Layer Nanoparticles. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:726-738. [PMID: 33536189 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The oncogenic transcription factor STAT3 is aberrantly activated in 70% of breast cancers, including nearly all triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs). Because STAT3 is difficult to target directly, we considered whether metabolic changes driven by activated STAT3 could provide a therapeutic opportunity. We found that STAT3 prominently modulated several lipid classes, with most profound effects on N-acyl taurine and arachidonic acid, both of which are involved in plasma membrane remodeling. To exploit these metabolic changes therapeutically, we screened a library of layer-by-layer (LbL) nanoparticles (NPs) differing in the surface layer that modulates interactivity with the cell membrane. We found that poly-l-glutamic acid (PLE)-coated NPs bind to STAT3-transformed breast cancer cells with 50% greater efficiency than to nontransformed cells, and the heightened PLE-NP binding to TNBC cells was attenuated by STAT3 inhibition. This effect was also observed in densely packed three-dimensional breast cancer organoids. As STAT3-transformed cells show greater resistance to cytotoxic agents, we evaluated whether enhanced targeted delivery via PLE-NPs would provide a therapeutic advantage. We found that cisplatin-loaded PLE-NPs induced apoptosis of STAT3-driven cells at lower doses compared with both unencapsulated cisplatin and cisplatin-loaded nontargeted NPs. In addition, because radiation is commonly used in breast cancer treatment, and may alter cellular lipid distribution, we analyzed its effect on PLE-NP-cell binding. Irradiation of cells enhanced the STAT3-targeting properties of PLE-NPs in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting potential synergies between these therapeutic modalities. These findings suggest that cellular lipid changes driven by activated STAT3 may be exploited therapeutically using unique LbL NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isidora Tošić
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Lisa N Heppler
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Natalie Boehnke
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Santiago Correa
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel F Costa
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Elizabeth A Grossman Moore
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Massachusetts
| | - Sharmistha Pal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Douglas S Richardson
- Harvard Center for Biological Imaging, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Alexander R Ivanov
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daphne A Haas-Kogan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel K Nomura
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Massachusetts
| | - Paula T Hammond
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Institute for Soldier Nanotechnology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - David A Frank
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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22
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Wang Z, Snyder M, Kenison JE, Yang K, Lara B, Lydell E, Bennani K, Novikov O, Federico A, Monti S, Sherr DH. How the AHR Became Important in Cancer: The Role of Chronically Active AHR in Cancer Aggression. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010387. [PMID: 33396563 PMCID: PMC7795223 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) was studied for its role in environmental chemical toxicity i.e., as a quirk of nature and a mediator of unintended consequences of human pollution. During that period, it was not certain that the AHR had a “normal” physiological function. However, the ongoing accumulation of data from an ever-expanding variety of studies on cancer, cancer immunity, autoimmunity, organ development, and other areas bears witness to a staggering array of AHR-controlled normal and pathological activities. The objective of this review is to discuss how the AHR has gone from a likely contributor to genotoxic environmental carcinogen-induced cancer to a master regulator of malignant cell progression and cancer aggression. Particular focus is placed on the association between AHR activity and poor cancer outcomes, feedback loops that control chronic AHR activity in cancer, and the role of chronically active AHR in driving cancer cell invasion, migration, cancer stem cell characteristics, and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyan Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (Z.W.); (K.Y.); (E.L.)
| | - Megan Snyder
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Genomics, Division of Graduate Medical Sciences, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA;
| | - Jessica E. Kenison
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA;
| | - Kangkang Yang
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (Z.W.); (K.Y.); (E.L.)
| | - Brian Lara
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (B.L.); (K.B.)
| | - Emily Lydell
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (Z.W.); (K.Y.); (E.L.)
| | - Kawtar Bennani
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (B.L.); (K.B.)
| | | | - Anthony Federico
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (A.F.); (S.M.)
| | - Stefano Monti
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (A.F.); (S.M.)
| | - David H. Sherr
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (Z.W.); (K.Y.); (E.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-617-358-1707
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23
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Xu D, Xu Z. Indole Alkaloids with Potential Anticancer Activity. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 20:1938-1949. [DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200622150325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Indole alkaloids, which are abundant in nature, are a significant source of pharmacologically
active compounds. Indole alkaloids have the potential to exert anticancer activity via various antiproliferative
mechanisms, and some of them, such as Vinblastine and Vincristinem, have already used in clinics
or under clinical evaluations for the treatment of cancers. Therefore, indole alkaloids occupy an important
position in the discovery of novel anticancer agents. This review emphasizes the recent development
of indole alkaloids as potential anticancer agents, their structure-activity relationship, and
mechanisms of action covering the articles published from 2015 to 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhi Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
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24
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Zhu P, Yu H, Zhou K, Bai Y, Qi R, Zhang S. 3,3'-Diindolylmethane modulates aryl hydrocarbon receptor of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma to reverse epithelial-mesenchymal transition through repressing RhoA/ROCK1-mediated COX2/PGE 2 pathway. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:113. [PMID: 32546278 PMCID: PMC7298755 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01618-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most aggressive tumors in the world. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) has been reported to promote tumor metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a vital process of conferring cancer cells capabilities of migration and invasion. However, the mechanism by which modulation of AHR can inhibit tumor metastasis remains unknown. Thus, we aim to investigate the underlying mechanism regarding reversing EMT process of ESCC through modulation of AHR. METHODS We used AHR selective modulator 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) to treat ESCC cell lines TE1 and KYSE150 so as to examine alterations of migration and invasion by wound healing and Transwell assay. Western blotting (WB) and qPCR were performed to detect relative genes and proteins changes regarding EMT process. Cell transfection was utilized for confirming pathways involved in DIM-induced reversal of EMT and in vivo assay was conducted for verification of the underlying mechanism. Co-IP assay was conducted for detecting protein-protein interactions. RESULTS AHR was overexpressed in ESCC and modulation of AHR by DIM could inhibit migration and invasion as well as downregulate mesenchymal cell markers β-Catenin, Vimentin and Slug and upregulate epithelial cell marker Claudin-1. Meanwhile, synergically overexpression of AHR, RhoA and ROCK1 correlated with poor clinical outcomes. DIM could inhibit COX2/PGE2 pathway by targeting AHR, and COX2 selective inhibitor Celecoxib could suppress EMT and metastasis. Results of PGE2 treatment were opposite to that of Celecoxib. Meanwhile, blockade of RhoA/ROCK1 pathway also exerted prohibitive effects on EMT and metastasis. WB results showed COX2/PGE2 pathway could be regulated by RhoA/ROCK1 pathway and DIM could inhibit RhoA/ROCK1 pathway through modulation of AHR. In vivo assay verified the results in vitro. Co-IP results showed DIM could modulate AHR to reverse EMT directly through inhibition of interaction between AHR and EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) so as to block RhoA/ROCK1-mediated COX2/PGE2 pathway which was connected by NF-κB. CONCLUSIONS In brief, modulation of AHR by DIM can reverse EMT process and inhibit metastasis of ESCC through repressing RhoA/ROCK1-mediated COX2/PGE2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyao Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Huayun Yu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Medical School, Shandong University, 44# Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Ruiqun Qi
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, China.
| | - Shuguang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, China.
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