1
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Chen L, Zhong Y, Yang X, Zhang Q, Wu X. Downregulation of GTSE1 leads to the inhibition of proliferation, migration, and Warburg effect in cervical cancer by blocking LHDA expression. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2021; 47:3913-3922. [PMID: 34482592 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM G2 and S phase-expressed-1 (GTSE1) has been identified to play a vital role in several kinds of cancers, but its role in cervical cancer development remains unknown. Herein, we aimed to reveal the role and underlying mechanism of GTSE1 in cervical cancer cell growth, migration, and aerobic glycolysis. METHODS GTSE1 expression levels in cervical cancer tissues and normal cervical tissues were determined by real time PCR and immunohistochemistry. Human short hairpin RNA was used to downregulate GTSE1 level in cervical cancer cells SiHa and HeLa cells. Colony formation, cell counting kit-8, and wound-healing assays were used for cell function evaluation. Lactate production, lactate dehydrogenase activity, and glucose concentration were tested to assess the Warburg effect. RESULTS GTSE1 expressions at both mRNA and protein levels were significantly elevated in cervical cancer tissues compared with normal tissues. Downregulation of GTSE1 induced significant repressions in cell colony formation, viability and migration, and Warburg effect, as well as reduced expression of lactate dehydrogenase isoform A (LDHA) at mRNA and protein levels. Additionally, downregulation of GTSE1 weakened the tumorigenesis of HeLa and SiHa cells in vivo. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that downregulation of GTSE1 led to significant inhibitions in cell proliferation, migration, tumorigenesis, and Warburg effect in cervical cancer by blocking the expression of LHDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longyi Chen
- Department of Gynecology, First People's Hospital of Kashi, Kashi Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Youwen Zhong
- School of Economics and Finance, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiuwei Yang
- Department of Gynecology, First People's Hospital of Kashi, Kashi Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Qingyue Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, First People's Hospital of Kashi, Kashi Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
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2
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Mohd Isa SA, Md Salleh MS, Ismail MP, Hairon SM. ADAM9 Expression in Uterine Cervical Cancer and Its
Associated Factors. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:1081-1087. [PMID: 31030477 PMCID: PMC6948898 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.4.1081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer is a preventable disease caused by human papillomaviruses. It is the third most common cancer to occur in women of reproductive age. The ADAM9 protein plays a role in basement membrane degradation and tumour metastasis in certain types of tumour. Thus, it has the potential to become a new targeted therapy. The objective of this study was to investigate ADAM9 expression in cervical cancer and to determine the factors associated with ADAM9-positive expression. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM) Kelantan, Malaysia from December 2010 to December 2012. Histological slides obtained from 95 cervical cancer cases diagnosed and/or treated in HUSM from 2000 to 2010 were analysed. The ADAM9 immunostain was then performed on the paraffin blocks. The statistical data entry and analysis were done using SPSS version 18.0. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the factors associated with ADAM9-positive expression. Result: Of the 95 cervical cancer patients included in the study, 72 (75.8%) patients showed positive ADAM9 expression. The mean age of the patients was 53.89 (10.83) years old. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common type of cervical cancer (n = 67, 70.5%). Factors that showed a statistically significant association with ADAM9-positive expression were tumour size (adjusted odds ratio [adj. OR]: 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02, 1.13; p = 0.004), distant metastasis (adj. OR: 12.82; 95% CI: 1.91, 86.13; p = 0.009) and the histological type of cervical cancer (i.e. squamous cell carcinoma) (adj. OR: 7.39; 95% CI: 1.42, 38.51; p = 0.017). Conclusion: The ADAM9 immunostain was consistently positive in malignant cells. Thus, ADAM9 expression can be used as a prognostic/therapeutic indicator in aiding clinician decision-making regarding patient treatment (targeted therapy).
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoparjoo Azmel Mohd Isa
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia.,Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Md Salzihan Md Salleh
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia.,Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Pazudin Ismail
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Suhaily Mohd Hairon
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia.
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3
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Martinho O, Silva-Oliveira R, Cury FP, Barbosa AM, Granja S, Evangelista AF, Marques F, Miranda-Gonçalves V, Cardoso-Carneiro D, de Paula FE, Zanon M, Scapulatempo-Neto C, Moreira MA, Baltazar F, Longatto-Filho A, Reis RM. HER Family Receptors are Important Theranostic Biomarkers for Cervical Cancer: Blocking Glucose Metabolism Enhances the Therapeutic Effect of HER Inhibitors. Theranostics 2017; 7:717-732. [PMID: 28255362 PMCID: PMC5327645 DOI: 10.7150/thno.17154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent HPV infection alone is not sufficient for cervical cancer development, which requires additional molecular alterations for tumor progression and metastasis ultimately leading to a lethal disease. In this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of HER family receptor alterations in cervical adenocarcinoma. We detected overexpression of HER protein, mainly HER2, which was an independent prognostic marker for these patients. By using in vitro and in vivo approaches, we provided evidence that HER inhibitors, allitinib and lapatinib, were effective in reducing cervical cancer aggressiveness. Furthermore, combination of these drugs with glucose uptake blockers could overcome the putative HIF1-α-mediated resistance to HER-targeted therapies. Thus, we propose that the use of HER inhibitors in association with glycolysis blockers can be a potentially effective treatment option for HER-positive cervical cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Martinho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Molecular Oncology Research Center (CPOM), Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renato Silva-Oliveira
- Molecular Oncology Research Center (CPOM), Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda P. Cury
- Molecular Oncology Research Center (CPOM), Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Martins Barbosa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Sara Granja
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | | | - Fábio Marques
- Department of Pathology of the School of Medicine of the Federal University of Goiás, Brazil
| | - Vera Miranda-Gonçalves
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Diana Cardoso-Carneiro
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Flávia E. de Paula
- Molecular Oncology Research Center (CPOM), Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maicon Zanon
- Molecular Oncology Research Center (CPOM), Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marise A.R. Moreira
- Department of Pathology of the School of Medicine of the Federal University of Goiás, Brazil
| | - Fátima Baltazar
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Adhemar Longatto-Filho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Molecular Oncology Research Center (CPOM), Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM) 14, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University, Brazil
| | - Rui Manuel Reis
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Molecular Oncology Research Center (CPOM), Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
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4
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Xie Y, Shen YT, Kapoor A, Ojo D, Wei F, De Melo J, Lin X, Wong N, Yan J, Tao L, Major P, Tang D. CYB5D2 displays tumor suppression activities towards cervical cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1862:556-565. [PMID: 26692170 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is caused by infections with human papillomaviruses (HPV) and genetic alternations in the cervical epithelium. While the former is well studied, the latter remains unclear. We report here that CYB5D2/Neuferricin possesses tumor suppressing activity towards cervical tumorigenesis. Ectopic expression of CYB5D2 did not affect HeLa cell proliferation and the cell's ability to form xenograft tumors, but significantly inhibited HeLa cell invasion in vitro and the cell-produced lung metastasis in NOD/SCID mice. Knockdown of CYB5D2 enhanced HeLa cell invasion. Two mutations in CYB5D2, the substitutions of arginine (R) 7 with either proline (P) or glycine (G), were reported in colon cancer. Both CYB5D2(R7P) and CYB5D2(R7G) were incapable of inhibiting HeLa cell invasion. CYB5D2 binds heme, in which aspartate (D) 86 is required. While CYB5D2(D86G) is heme-binding defective, it inhibited HeLa cell invasion. On the other hand, CYB5D2(R7P) and CYB5D2(R7G) bound heme but did not inhibit HeLa cell invasion. Collectively, CYB5D2 inhibits HeLa cell invasion independently of its heme binding. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry examination of CYB5D2 expression in 20 normal cervical tissues and 40 cervical squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) revealed a CYB5D2 reduction in 87.5% (35/40) of SCC. Analysis of CYB5D2 gene expression and genomic alteration data available from Oncomeine™ detected significant reductions of CYB5D2 mRNA in 40 SCCs and CYB5D2 gene copy number in 107 SCCs. Collectively, we provide evidence that CYB5D2 is a candidate tumor suppressor of cervical tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyun Xie
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Canada; Father Sean O'Sullivan Research Institute, Canada; The Hamilton Center for Kidney Research, St. Joseph's Hospital, Canada
| | - Yen Ting Shen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Canada; Father Sean O'Sullivan Research Institute, Canada; The Hamilton Center for Kidney Research, St. Joseph's Hospital, Canada
| | - Anil Kapoor
- Father Sean O'Sullivan Research Institute, Canada; Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Diane Ojo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Canada; Father Sean O'Sullivan Research Institute, Canada; The Hamilton Center for Kidney Research, St. Joseph's Hospital, Canada
| | - Fengxiang Wei
- The Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Women and Children's Health, Longgang District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China; ZhunYi Medical University, Zhunyi, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Jason De Melo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Canada; Father Sean O'Sullivan Research Institute, Canada; The Hamilton Center for Kidney Research, St. Joseph's Hospital, Canada
| | - Xiaozeng Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Canada; Father Sean O'Sullivan Research Institute, Canada; The Hamilton Center for Kidney Research, St. Joseph's Hospital, Canada
| | - Nicholas Wong
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Canada; Father Sean O'Sullivan Research Institute, Canada; The Hamilton Center for Kidney Research, St. Joseph's Hospital, Canada
| | - Judy Yan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Canada; Father Sean O'Sullivan Research Institute, Canada; The Hamilton Center for Kidney Research, St. Joseph's Hospital, Canada
| | - Lijian Tao
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Pierre Major
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Damu Tang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Canada; Father Sean O'Sullivan Research Institute, Canada; The Hamilton Center for Kidney Research, St. Joseph's Hospital, Canada.
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5
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STAT3:FOXM1 and MCT1 drive uterine cervix carcinoma fitness to a lactate-rich microenvironment. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:5385-95. [PMID: 26563366 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4385-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine cervix cancer is the second most common malignancy in women worldwide with human papillomavirus (HPV) as the etiologic factor. The two main histological variants, squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and adenocarcinomas (AC), resemble the cell morphology of exocervix and endocervix, respectively. Cancer metabolism is a cancer hallmark conditioned by the microenvironment. As uterine cervix homeostasis is dependent on lactate, we hypothesized lactate plays a role in uterine cervix cancer progression. Using in vitro (SiHa-SCC and HeLa-AC) and BALB-c/SCID models, we demonstrated that lactate metabolism is linked to histological types, with SCC predominantly consuming and AC producing lactate. MCT1 is a key factor, allowing lactate consumption and being regulated in vitro by lactate through the FOXM1:STAT3 pathway. In vivo models showed that SCC (SiHa) expresses MCT1 and is dependent on lactate to grow, whereas AC (HeLa) expresses MCT1 and MCT4, with higher growth capacities. Immunohistochemical analysis of tissue microarrays (TMA) from human cervical tumors showed that MCT1 expression associates with the SCC type and metastatic behavior of AC, whereas MCT4 expression concomitantly increases from in situ SCC to invasive SCC and is significantly associated with the AC type. Consistently, FOXM1 expression is statistically associated with MCT1 positivity in SCC, whereas the expression of FOXO3a, a FOXM1 functional antagonist, is linked to MCT1 negativity in AC. Our study reinforces the role of the microenvironment in the metabolic adaptation of cancer cells, showing that cells that retain metabolic features of their normal counterparts are positively selected by the organ's microenvironment and will survive. In particular, MCT1 was shown to be a key element in uterine cervix cancer development; however, further studies are needed to validate MCT1 as a suitable therapeutic target in uterine cervix cancer.
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6
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Phaëton R, Gutierrez J, Jiang Z, Karabakhtsian RG, Albanese J, Sunkara J, Fisher DR, Goldberg GL, Dadachova E. Naive and radiolabeled antibodies to E6 and E7 HPV-16 oncoproteins show pronounced antitumor activity in experimental cervical cancer. Immunotherapy 2015; 7:631-40. [PMID: 26098137 PMCID: PMC4524293 DOI: 10.2217/imt.15.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In spite of profound reduction in incidence, cervical cancer claims >275,000 lives annually. Previously we demonstrated efficacy and safety of radioimmunotherapy directed at HPV16 E6 oncoprotein in experimental cervical cancer. MATERIALS & METHODS We undertook a direct comparison of targeting E7 and E6 oncoproteins with specific (188)Rhenium-labeled monoclonal antibodies in CasKi subcutaneous xenografts of cervical cancer cells in mice. RESULTS The most significant tumor inhibition was seen in radioimmunotherapy-treated mice, followed by the unlabeled monoclonal antibodies to E6 and E7. No hematological toxicity was observed. Immunohistochemistry suggests that the effect of unlabeled antibodies is C3 complement mediated. CONCLUSION We have demonstrated for the first time that radioimmunotherapy directed toward E7 oncoprotein inhibits experimental tumors growth, decreases E7 expression and may offer a novel approach to cervical cancer therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Neoplasm/immunology
- Antibodies, Neoplasm/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/pharmacology
- Female
- Human papillomavirus 16/immunology
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Neoplasms, Experimental/radiotherapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/virology
- Oncogene Proteins, Viral/immunology
- Papillomavirus E7 Proteins/immunology
- Papillomavirus Infections/immunology
- Papillomavirus Infections/therapy
- Radioimmunotherapy
- Repressor Proteins/immunology
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/immunology
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/radiotherapy
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/virology
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Affiliation(s)
- R Phaëton
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY, USA
| | - J Gutierrez
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY, USA
| | - Z Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - RG Karabakhtsian
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY, USA
| | - J Albanese
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY, USA
| | - J Sunkara
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY, USA
| | | | - GL Goldberg
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY, USA
| | - E Dadachova
- Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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7
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Yaginuma Y, Yoshimoto M, Eguchi A, Tokuda A, Takahashi S. The human papillomavirus18 E7 protein inhibits CENP-C binding to α-satellite DNA. Virus Res 2015; 205:27-32. [PMID: 25997930 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2015.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection leads to aneuploidy, a numerical chromosomal aberration that is caused by dysregulation of chromosomal segregation. We previously found that the E7 proteins of high-risk HPVs, but not of low-risk HPVs, could bind to centromere protein-C (CENP-C). In this study, we first found that CENP-C could bind centromere α-satellite DNAs using ChIP analysis and HA-tagged CENP-C/nuc transfected 293T cells. We then investigated if HA-CENP-C/nuc binding to α-satellite DNAs was affected by the E7 proteins of high- or low-risk HPVs. We found that transfection of the FLAG tagged HPV18 E7 inhibited the binding of HA-CENP-C/nuc to α-satellite DNAs. This finding was confirmed in HeLa S3 cells transfected with siRNA targeted to HPV18 E7 expression. We therefore speculate that altered function of kinetochores as a result of inhibition of CENP-C and α-satellite DNAs binding may be associated with the chromosomal abnormalities observed in HPV18-positive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Yaginuma
- Department of Oncology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 4-24-1 Kuhonji, Chuouku, Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan.
| | - Masafumi Yoshimoto
- Department of Oncology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 4-24-1 Kuhonji, Chuouku, Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan
| | - Ayami Eguchi
- Department of Oncology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 4-24-1 Kuhonji, Chuouku, Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan
| | - Aoi Tokuda
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 4-24-1 Kuhonji, Chuouku, Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan
| | - Shoko Takahashi
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 4-24-1 Kuhonji, Chuouku, Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan
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8
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Sekuła M, Miekus K, Majka M. Downregulation of the CXCR4 receptor inhibits cervical carcinoma metastatic behavior in vitro and in vivo. Int J Oncol 2014; 44:1853-60. [PMID: 24728301 PMCID: PMC4063539 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical carcinoma is frequently diagnosed among women, particularly in low and middle income countries. In this study, we investigated the role of the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis during cervical carcinoma growth and progression in vitro and in vivo. Downregulation of CXCR4 receptor using an RNA interference system led to almost complete inhibition of the receptor expression, activation and function. CXCR4 receptor silencing led to decreased ability to signal, to induce migration and to form holoclone-like colonies, with no influence on viability/proliferation of the cells. CXCR4-deficient cells had also significantly lower levels of MMP-9. Interestingly, downregulation of CXCR4 expression resulted in reduced tumor growth in vivo. Tumors generated by CXCR4-deficient cells had also lower expression of the proliferation marker Ki-67 and decreased ability to engraft into lungs and spleen. Taken together, our results indicate that CXCR4 receptor may play an important role during cervical carcinoma invasion. In our study CXCR4 influenced invasive properties of cervical carcinoma cells both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Sekuła
- Department of Transplantation, Polish-American Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University, 30-663 Cracow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Miekus
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-663 Cracow, Poland
| | - Marcin Majka
- Department of Transplantation, Polish-American Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University, 30-663 Cracow, Poland
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9
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Martinho O, Pinto F, Granja S, Miranda-Gonçalves V, Moreira MAR, Ribeiro LFJ, di Loreto C, Rosner MR, Longatto-Filho A, Reis RM. RKIP inhibition in cervical cancer is associated with higher tumor aggressive behavior and resistance to cisplatin therapy. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59104. [PMID: 23527098 PMCID: PMC3602518 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers in women worldwide, being high-risk group the HPV infected, the leading etiological factor. The raf kinase inhibitory protein (RKIP) has been associated with tumor progression and metastasis in several human neoplasms, however its role on cervical cancer is unclear. In the present study, 259 uterine cervix tissues, including cervicitis, cervical intraepithelial lesions and carcinomas, were analyzed for RKIP expression by immunohistochemistry. We found that RKIP expression was significantly decreased during malignant progression, being highly expressed in non-neoplastic tissues (54% of the samples; 73/135), and expressed at low levels in the cervix invasive carcinomas (∼15% (19/124). Following in vitro downregulation of RKIP, we observed a viability and proliferative advantage of RKIP-inhibited cells over time, which was associated with an altered cell cycle distribution and higher colony number in a colony formation assay. An in vitro wound healing assay showed that RKIP abrogation is associated with increased migratory capability. RKIP downregulation was also associated with an increased vascularization of the tumors in vivo using a CAM assay. Furthermore, RKIP inhibition induced cervical cancer cells apoptotic resistance to cisplatin treatment. In conclusion, we described that RKIP protein is significantly depleted during the malignant progression of cervical tumors. Despite the lack of association with patient clinical outcome, we demonstrate, in vitro and in vivo, that loss of RKIP expression can be one of the factors that are behind the aggressiveness, malignant progression and chemotherapy resistance of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Martinho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), Health Sciences School, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Filipe Pinto
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), Health Sciences School, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Sara Granja
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), Health Sciences School, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Vera Miranda-Gonçalves
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), Health Sciences School, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Marise A. R. Moreira
- Department of Pathology of the School of Medicine of the Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Goias, Brazil
| | | | - Celso di Loreto
- Pathology Division, Adolfo Lutz Institute São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marsha R. Rosner
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Adhemar Longatto-Filho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), Health Sciences School, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM) 14, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rui Manuel Reis
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), Health Sciences School, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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10
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Antiviral activity of Bifidobacterium adolescentis SPM1005-A on human papillomavirus type 16. BMC Med 2012; 10:72. [PMID: 22788922 PMCID: PMC3409845 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7015-10-72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) support a functional and balanced immune system, and contribute to immune modulatory effects in combatting microbial pathogens, including viruses. Most cervical cancers are associated with anogenital region infection with high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV). In this study, we analyzed the antiviral activity of Bifidobacterium adolescentis SPM1005-A in the SiHa cervical cancer cell line expressing HPV type 16. METHODS We assessed the cellular toxicity of B. adolescentis SPM1005-A in SiHa cells by the Trypan blue dye exclusion assay. Cells (3.6 × 105) in culture plates with or without B. adolescentis SPM1005-A in the same type of medium, were incubated with HPV type 16 at a concentration of 5.1 × 107 cfu/ml. For antiviral analysis, we performed quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) for E6 and E7 oncogene expressions and observed protein levels by immunoblotting. RESULTS The qRT-PCR results showed that E6 and E7 mRNA levels decreased simultaneously. Western blot analysis revealed that the E6 protein expression slightly decreased after 24 and 48 h, but the level of E7 protein expression appear unaffected compared with that in the control. Decreased HPV16 E6 and E7 mRNA transcript and protein levels were not associated with cell morphology or significant cytotoxic effects. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that B. adolescentis SPM1005-A had antiviral activity through suppression E6 and E7 oncogene expression. The results suggest that B. adolescentis SPM1005-A could be potential applications of HPV-associated cervical cancer prevention.
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Buyel JF, Bautista JA, Fischer R, Yusibov VM. Extraction, purification and characterization of the plant-produced HPV16 subunit vaccine candidate E7 GGG. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 880:19-26. [PMID: 22134037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2011] [Revised: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 11/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Several studies indicated that biopharmaceuticals based on the recombinant protein E7 of human papillomavirus (HPV) can serve as therapeutic vaccines preventing the development of cancer in women infected with high-risk types of HPV such as HPV16. Here, we report effective extraction and purification of a plant-produced E7GGG-lichenase fusion protein, an HPV16 subunit vaccine candidate, from Nicotiana benthamiana plants, to a high yield. The target contains the modified HPV16 E7 protein internally fused to the surface loop of a truncated, hexa-His- and KDEL-tagged variant of bacterial lichenase, and has been previously shown to possess anti-cancer activity in an animal model. We purified the protein using a combination of immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography and gel filtration. The achieved purity of the final product was 99% as confirmed by Coomassie or SYPRO Ruby staining after sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and by analytical size exclusion chromatography coupled with multi-angle laser light scattering. The overall yield was 50% corresponding to 0.1g of protein per 1 kg plant biomass. Only slight changes in these parameters were observed during the process scale-up from 50 g to 1 kg of processed leaf biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Buyel
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, DE 19711, USA.
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12
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MIN LUO, DONG-XIANG SHEN, XIAO-TONG GUO, TING GUAN, XIAO-DONG CHEN. Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of Bmi-1 expression in human cervical cancer. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2011; 90:737-45. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0412.2011.01102.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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13
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Burniat A, Jin L, Detours V, Driessens N, Goffard JC, Santoro M, Rothstein J, Dumont JE, Miot F, Corvilain B. Gene expression in RET/PTC3 and E7 transgenic mouse thyroids: RET/PTC3 but not E7 tumors are partial and transient models of human papillary thyroid cancers. Endocrinology 2008; 149:5107-17. [PMID: 18583418 DOI: 10.1210/en.2008-0531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We studied gene expression profiles in two mouse models of human thyroid carcinoma: the Tg-RET/PTC3 (RP3) and Tg-E7 mice. RP3 fusion gene is the most frequent mutation found in the first wave post-Chernobyl papillary thyroid cancers (PTCs). E7 is an oncoprotein derived from the human papillomavirus 16 responsible for most cervical carcinoma in women. Both transgenic mice develop thyroid hyperplasia followed by solid differentiated carcinoma in older animals. To understand the different steps leading to carcinoma, we analyzed thyroid gene expression in both strains at different ages by microarray technology. Important biological processes were differentially regulated in the two tumor types. In E7 thyroids, cell cycle was the most up-regulated process, an observation consistent with the huge size of these tumors. In RP3 thyroids, contrary to E7 tumors, several human PTC characteristics were observed: overexpression of many immune-related genes, regulation of human PTC markers, up-regulation of EGF-like growth factors and significant regulation of angiogenesis and extracellular matrix remodeling-related genes. However, similarities were incomplete; they did not concern the overall gene expression and were not conserved in old animals. Therefore, RP3 tumors are partial and transient models of human PTC. They constitute a good model, especially in young animals, to study the respective role of the biological processes shared with human PTC and will allow testing drugs targeting these validated variables.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Biomarkers, Tumor
- Carcinoma, Papillary/genetics
- Carcinoma, Papillary/pathology
- Carcinoma, Papillary/physiopathology
- Cell Cycle/physiology
- Cell Division/physiology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Extracellular Space
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/physiopathology
- Oncogene Proteins, Viral/genetics
- Papillomavirus E7 Proteins
- Phenotype
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret/genetics
- Thyroid Gland/immunology
- Thyroid Gland/pathology
- Thyroid Gland/physiology
- Thyroid Neoplasms/genetics
- Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology
- Thyroid Neoplasms/physiopathology
- Up-Regulation/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnès Burniat
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
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Chan DW, Yu SYM, Chiu PM, Yao KM, Liu VWS, Cheung ANY, Ngan HYS. Over-expression of FOXM1 transcription factor is associated with cervical cancer progression and pathogenesis. J Pathol 2008; 215:245-52. [PMID: 18464245 DOI: 10.1002/path.2355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The Forkhead Box M1 (FOXM1) transcription factor plays a crucial role in regulating expression of cell cycle genes which are essentially involved in cell proliferation, differentiation and transformation. Recent studies have reported that aberrant expression of FOXM1 in a variety of human cancers is associated with their aggressive behaviour. However, the functional significance of FOXM1 in human cervical cancer is not known. We have shown that FOXM1 was significantly over-expressed in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) compared to normal cervical epithelium immunohistochemically (p < 0.001). In addition, intratumoural FOXM1 positivity was increased in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and carcinoma, compared with that in normal epithelium, indicating that FOXM1 is involved in tumour progression. Indeed, this is supported by clinicopathological analysis that the over-expression of FOXM1 was significantly associated with tumour late stage (p = 0.012) and cell proliferation marker, Ki67 (p < 0.001). Functionally, enforced expression of FOXM1c in FOXM1-deficient cervical cancer cells (C33A) remarkably enhanced cell proliferation and anchorage-independent growth ability. Conversely, depletion of FOXM1 by RNA interference in FOXM1-over-expressing cervical cancer cells (SiHa) caused significant inhibition on cell proliferation and anchorage-independent growth ability on soft agar. This inhibitory phenomenon was associated with the reduced expressions of cyclin B1, cyclinD1 and cdc25B but increased expression of p27(Kip1) and p21(Cip1). Our findings suggest a role for FOXM1 in the development and pathogenesis of human cervical SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
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Del Valle L, White MK, Khalili K. Potential mechanisms of the human polyomavirus JC in neural oncogenesis. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2008; 67:729-40. [PMID: 18648329 PMCID: PMC2771681 DOI: 10.1097/nen.0b013e318180e631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The human polyomavirus JC (JCV) is a small DNA tumor virus and the etiologic agent of the progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. In progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, active JCV replication causes the lytic destruction of oligodendrocytes. The normal immune system prevents JCV replication and suppresses the virus into a state of latency so that expression of viral proteins cannot be detected. In a cellular context that is nonpermissive for viral replication, JCV can affect oncogenic transformation. For example, JCV is highly tumorigenic when inoculated into experimental animals, including rodents and monkeys. In these animal tumors, there is expression of early T-antigen but not of late capsid proteins, nor is there viral replication. Moreover, mice transgenic for JCV T-antigen alone develop tumors of neural tube origin. Detection of JCV genomic sequences and expression of viral T-antigen and agnoprotein suggest a possible association of this virus with a variety of human brain and non-CNS tumors. Here, we discuss the mechanisms involved in JCV oncogenesis, briefly review studies that do and do not support a causative role for this virus in human CNS tumors, and identify key issues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Del Valle
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Neurovirology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
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Sami S, Höti N, Xu HM, Shen Z, Huang X. Valproic acid inhibits the growth of cervical cancer both in vitro and in vivo. J Biochem 2008; 144:357-62. [PMID: 18515856 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvn074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA), a well-known anti-convulsant, is currently under extensive evaluation as an anti-cancer agent. It is known to exert its anti-cancer effect mainly by inhibiting the enzyme histone deacetylase I. In our study, we investigated the effects of VPA on cervical cancer both in vitro and in vivo cancer models. We examined the effects of acute VPA (0, 1.2, 2.4, 5.0 mM) treatment on cell proliferation in cervical cancer cell lines HeLa, SiHa and Ca Ski and histone acetylation, p21 and p53 gene expression in HeLa cell line. We also investigated the effect of chronic VPA administration in tumour xenograft growth studies. Our results show that with acute treatment, VPA can increase the expression of net histone H3 acetylation and up-regulate p21 expression with no effect on p53 expression. Chronic administration of VPA had a net cytostatic effect that resulted in a statistically significant reduction of tumour growth and improved survival advantages in tumour xenografts studies. Furthermore, we also demonstrated that VPA has a direct anti-angiogenic effect in tumour studies and could potentially be a promising candidate for further cervical cancer trails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siraj Sami
- College of Life Sciences and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
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