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Delgado-López PD, Montalvo-Afonso A, Martín-Alonso J, Martín-Velasco V, Diana-Martín R, Castilla-Díez JM. Predicting histological grade in symptomatic meningioma by an objective estimation of the tumoral surface irregularity. NEUROCIRUGIA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2024; 35:113-121. [PMID: 38244923 DOI: 10.1016/j.neucie.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Predicting the histopathologic grade of meningioma is relevant because local recurrence is significantly greater in WHO grade II-III compared to WHO grade I tumours, which would ideally benefit from a more aggressive surgical strategy. It has been suggested that higher WHO grade tumours are more irregularly-shaped. However, irregularity is a subjective and observer-dependent feature. In this study, the tumour surface irregularity of a large series of meningiomas, measured upon preoperative MRI, is quantified and correlated with the WHO grade. METHODS Unicentric retrospective observational study of a cohort of symptomatic meningiomas surgically removed in the time period between January 2015 and December 2022. Using specific segmentation software, the Surface Factor (SF) was calculated for each meningioma. SF is an objective parameter that compares the surface of a sphere (minimum surface area for a given volume) with the same volume of the tumour against the actual surface of the tumour. This ratio varies from 0 to 1, being 1 the maximum sphericity. Since irregularly-shaped meningiomas present proportionally greater surface area, the SF tends to decrease as irregularity increases. SF was correlated with WHO grade and its predictive power was estimated with ROC curve analysis. RESULTS A total of 176 patients (64.7% females) were included in the study; 120 WHO grade I (71.9%), 43 WHO grade II (25.7%) and 4 WHO grade III (2.4%). A statistically significant difference was found between the mean SF of WHO grade I and WHO grade II-III tumours (0.8651 ± 0.049 versus 0.7081 ± 0.105, p < 0.0001). Globally, the SF correctly classified more than 90% of cases (area under ROC curve 0.940) with 93.3% sensibility and 80.9% specificity. A cutoff value of 0.79 yielded the maximum precision, with positive and negative predictive powers of 82.6% and 92.6%, respectively. Multivariate analysis yielded SF as an independent prognostic factor of WHO grade. CONCLUSION The Surface Factor is an objective and quantitative parameter that helps to identify aggressive meningiomas preoperatively. A cutoff value of 0.79 allowed differentiation between WHO grade I and WHO grade II-III with high precision.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rubén Diana-Martín
- Servicio de Neurocirugía, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Burgos, Spain
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2
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Palmieri M, Armocida D, De Pietro R, Chiarello G, Rizzo F, Garbossa D, Marampon F, Santoro A, Frati A. Clinical Efficacy of Adjuvant Radiotherapy for World Health Organization Grade II Intracranial Meningioma. World Neurosurg 2023; 175:e1117-e1123. [PMID: 37088414 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maximal surgical resection remains the treatment of choice for grade II meningiomas, and for some authors it is sufficient to guarantee a long indolent course even without postsurgical radiotherapy (RT), but there is no consensus on the use of RT in this patient population. METHODS We retrospectively compared clinical and radiologic outcomes between World Health Organization grade I (group A) and grade II (group B) surgically treated meningiomas, focusing on the role of adjuvant RT. We registered clinical, surgical, and radiologic data to detect differences in survival and functional outcome between the 2 groups. RESULTS The final cohort consisted of 284 patients for group A and 94 patients for group B. Group B showed a higher risk of developing recurrence independently of the extent of resection (7.75% for Group A vs. 27.7% for Group B, P = 0.01). Patients who did not undergo adjuvant RT documented recurrence in 50% of cases, compared with 19% of patients who underwent RT (P = 0.024). There is a weak difference in the risk of developing postoperative seizures in the group submitted to radiotherapy (P = 0.08). Performance status remained stable for both groups, but for Group B it tended to decrease significantly after 1 year with regard to extent of resection and RT. CONCLUSIONS Recurrence is more frequent for grade II meningiomas, even though there are no significant differences in terms of complications and functional outcome. Radiotherapy in grade II meningiomas does indeed lead to better control of recurrence but leads to an increased risk of seizures and reduced performance status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Palmieri
- Human Neurosciences Department Neurosurgery Division "Sapienza" University, Rome (RM), Italy
| | - Daniele Armocida
- Human Neurosciences Department Neurosurgery Division "Sapienza" University, Rome (RM), Italy; Sperimental Neurosurgery, IRCCS "Neuromed", Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy.
| | - Raffaella De Pietro
- Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Chiarello
- Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Rizzo
- Unit of Neurosurgery, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Diego Garbossa
- Unit of Neurosurgery, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Santoro
- Human Neurosciences Department Neurosurgery Division "Sapienza" University, Rome (RM), Italy
| | - Alessandro Frati
- Human Neurosciences Department Neurosurgery Division "Sapienza" University, Rome (RM), Italy; Sperimental Neurosurgery, IRCCS "Neuromed", Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
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3
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Rodriguez A, Kamiya-Matsuoka C, Majd NK. The Role of Immunotherapy in the Treatment of Rare Central Nervous System Tumors. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:5279-5298. [PMID: 37366884 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30060401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Establishing novel therapies for rare central nervous system (CNS) tumors is arduous due to challenges in conducting clinical trials in rare tumors. Immunotherapy treatment has been a rapidly developing field and has demonstrated improvements in outcomes for multiple types of solid malignancies. In rare CNS tumors, the role of immunotherapy is being explored. In this article, we review the preclinical and clinical data of various immunotherapy modalities in select rare CNS tumors, including atypical meningioma, aggressive pituitary adenoma, pituitary carcinoma, ependymoma, embryonal tumor, atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor, and meningeal solitary fibrous tumor. Among these tumor types, some studies have shown promise; however, ongoing clinical trials will be critical for defining and optimizing the role of immunotherapy for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Rodriguez
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Nazanin K Majd
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Cai L, Yang Z, Song D, Luo M. Nomogram Model for Predicting the Overall Survival of Patients With Meningiomas: a Retrospective Cohort Study. World Neurosurg 2023; 171:e309-e322. [PMID: 36513299 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the significant prognostic factors of overall survival (OS) for patients living with meningiomas (MMs), and establish a novel graphical nomogram and an online dynamic nomogram. METHODS Patients diagnosed with MMs were identified retrospectively from the SEER database. The cohort was split into training (70%) and test (30%) groups randomly. Univariable and multivariable Cox models were successively used to screen the significant prognostic factors. Subsequently, the independent predictors were used as items to establish the graphic and dynamic nomogram model. To assess the accuracy of the model, a calibration curve was plotted. To assess the discrimination performance, C-index and time-dependent area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) were selected. Additionally, the decision curve was generated to evaluate the clinical net benefit of the model. RESULTS A total of 899 patients were involved, of which 629 and 270 were split into training group and test group, respectively. Age, sex, radiotherapy, tumor size, and tumor histology were identified as the significant prognostic factors. Based on these factors, a graphical nomogram and online nomogram (Web site: https://helloshinyweb.shinyapps.io/dynamic_nomogram/) were developed. The calibration curve showed favorable consistence between predicted and actual survival rate. C-index and time-dependent AUC showed good discrimination ability, and the decision curve analysis showed positive net benefit of the model in clinical practice. CONCLUSIONS Age of diagnosis, sex, tumor size, tumor histology, and radiotherapy were independent predictors for OS, while extent of resection had a borderline significant. A nomogram model was successfully developed and validated to dynamically predict the long-term OS for MM patients, expecting to help neurosurgeons optimize clinical management and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linqiang Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Central Hospital Affiliated to Shaoxing University, Shaoxing City, China
| | - Zhihao Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Central Hospital Affiliated to Shaoxing University, Shaoxing City, China
| | - Dagang Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Central Hospital Affiliated to Shaoxing University, Shaoxing City, China
| | - Ming Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Central Hospital Affiliated to Shaoxing University, Shaoxing City, China.
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5
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Pontoriero A, Critelli P, Conti A, Cardali S, Angileri FF, Germanò A, Lillo S, Carretta A, Brogna A, Santacaterina A, Parisi S, Pergolizzi S. The "Combo" radiotherapy treatment for high-risk grade 2 meningiomas: dose escalation and initial safety and efficacy analysis. J Neurooncol 2023; 161:203-214. [PMID: 35927392 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-022-04107-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The subgroup "high-risk" WHO grade 2 (hRG2) meningiomas may benefit from adjuvant radiation therapy (RT), but results are still suboptimal with high rates of local progression. A dose escalation using high-conformal RT techniques needs to be evaluated in terms of efficacy and safety. We report the results of a dose-escalation study, named "Combo-RT", combining Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT) or Volumetric Arc Therapy (VMAT) with Hypofractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy (hSRT) boost. PATIENTS AND METHODS From November 2015 to January 2019, we prospectively enrolled 16 patients with hRG2. Seven patients had subtotal resection (STR) and 9 patients had a recurrent tumor. All patients received Combo-RT: LINAC-IMRT/ VMAT on the surgical bed and CyberKnife-hSRT boost on residual/recurrent meningioma Toxicity and initial efficacy were evaluated. RESULTS The median age was 62 years (range, 31-80 years). The median cumulative dose delivered was 46 Gy For IMRT or VMAT and 15 Gy in 3 fractions at a median isodose line of 77% for hSRT. The median cumulative BED and EQD2 were 108.75 Gy and 72.5 Gy respectively. 3-year-PFS was 75% for the whole cohort,100% for patients with STR, and 55.5% for recurrent patients. Negligible toxicities, and stable or improved symptoms during long-term follow-up were observed. Salvage treatment for recurrence was an independent predictor of treatment failure (P = 0.025). CONCLUSIONS With the limitation of a small series of patients, our results suggest that a dose escalation for hRG2 meningiomas, using a Combo-RT approach, is safe and particularly effective in the subgroup of patients with STR. Further studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Pontoriero
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Paola Critelli
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | - Alfredo Conti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dipartimento Di Scienze Biomediche E Neuromotorie (DIBINEM), Alma MaterStudiorum University of Bologna, IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche Di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cardali
- Neurosurgery Unit - A.O. "Papardo", Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Filippo Flavio Angileri
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonino Germanò
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sara Lillo
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandro Carretta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dipartimento Di Scienze Biomediche E Neuromotorie (DIBINEM), Alma MaterStudiorum University of Bologna, IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche Di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Brogna
- Medical Physics Unit - A.O.U. "G. Martino", Radiotherapy Unit - Messina, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Anna Santacaterina
- Radiation Oncology Unit - A.O. "Papardo", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Silvana Parisi
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Stefano Pergolizzi
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Marchetti M, Pinzi V, Iezzoni C, Morlino S, Tramacere I, De Martin E, Cane I, Fariselli L. Multisession radiosurgery for grade 2 (WHO), high risk meningiomas. A phase II clinical trial. J Neurooncol 2022; 157:397-403. [PMID: 35378640 PMCID: PMC8979484 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-022-03978-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Patients suffering from recurrent and residual grade 2 (WHO) meningiomas after subtotal excision should be considered as high-risk groups with an uncertain prognosis. Adjuvant radiotherapy seems to be the best approach to reduce disease progression. The primary aim of this phase II explorative, monocentric, single arm study was to evaluate the safety of adjuvant multisession radiosurgery (mRS) in this group of patients; the efficacy in terms of tumour local control was the secondary endpoint. Methods Patients recruited from April 2017 to May 2019 were over 18 years old, had a histologically-documented intracranial recurrent or residual Grade 2 meningioma (WHO 2016) and a KPS > 70. Patients with NF2, concomitant neoplasm or pregnancy were excluded. Descriptive statistics were provided for categorical variables. Progression free survival (PFS) was modelled using the Kaplan–Meier method. Results Twenty-four patients were enrolled. All 24 patients underwent mRS: twenty-two patients received 28 Gy in 4 fractions, 2 patients received 24 Gy in 4 Treatment related adverse events (CTCAE 4.3) were limited to grade 2 in 1 patient (4.1%). At a median follow-up of 28 months, 8 patients (33.3%) had disease progression, either out-of-field or infield, compared with the planning target volume. Considering both infield and out-of-field progressions, 3-year PFS was 47% (95% confidence interval, CI, 22–69%); considering only the infield ones, 3-year PFS was 86% (95% CI 55–96%), and local control at last follow-up was 92%. Conclusion mRS provides good local control of the tumour volume (TV) and is associated with a low rate of toxicity. These results call for further investigation to confirm favourable outcomes in patients with high-risk meningioma. Trial information NCT05081908, October 18, 2021, retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Marchetti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Pinzi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Iezzoni
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Morlino
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Irene Tramacere
- Department of Research and Clinical Development, Scientific Directorate, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena De Martin
- Heath Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italia
| | - Irene Cane
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Fariselli
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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Lu VM, Luther EM, Eichberg DG, Morell AA, Shah AH, Komotar RJ, Ivan ME. The emerging relevance of H3K27 trimethylation loss in meningioma: A systematic review of recurrence and overall survival with meta-analysis. World Neurosurg 2022; 163:87-95.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Millesi M, Ryba AS, Hainfellner JA, Roetzer T, Berghoff AS, Preusser M, Heller G, Tomasich E, Sahm F, Roessler K, Wolfsberger S. DNA Methylation Associates With Clinical Courses of Atypical Meningiomas: A Matched Case-Control Study. Front Oncol 2022; 12:811729. [PMID: 35356207 PMCID: PMC8959647 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.811729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Accounting for 15–20% of all meningiomas, WHO grade II meningiomas represent an intermediate group regarding risk of tumor recurrence. However, even within this subgroup varying clinical courses are observed with potential occurrence of multiple recurrences. Recently, DNA methylation profiles showed their value for distinguishing biological behaviors in meningiomas. Therefore, aim of this study was to investigate DNA methylation profiles in WHO grade II meningiomas. Methods All patients that underwent resection of WHO grade II meningiomas between 1993 and 2015 were screened for a dismal course clinical course with ≥2 recurrences. These were matched to control cases with benign clinical courses without tumor recurrence. DNA methylation was assessed using the Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip microarray. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering was performed for identification of DNA methylation profiles associated with such a dismal clinical course. Results Overall, 11 patients with WHO grade II meningiomas with ≥2 recurrences (Group dismal) and matched 11 patients without tumor recurrence (Group benign) were identified. DNA methylation profiles revealed 3 clusters—one comprising only patients of group dismal, a second cluster comprising mainly patients from group benign and a third cluster comprising one group dismal and one group benign patient. Based on differential methylation pattern associations with the Wnt and the related cadherin signaling pathway was observed. Conclusion DNA methylation clustering showed remarkable differences between two matched subgroups of WHO grade II meningiomas. Thus, DNA methylation profiles may have the potential to support prognostic considerations regarding meningioma recurrence and radiotherapeutic treatment allocation after surgical resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Millesi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Central Nervous System Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alice Senta Ryba
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Central Nervous System Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes A Hainfellner
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Central Nervous System Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Roetzer
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Central Nervous System Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Sophie Berghoff
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Central Nervous System Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Internal Medicine I/Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Preusser
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Central Nervous System Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Internal Medicine I/Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerwin Heller
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Central Nervous System Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Internal Medicine I/Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Erwin Tomasich
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Central Nervous System Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Internal Medicine I/Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Felix Sahm
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karl Roessler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Central Nervous System Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Wolfsberger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Central Nervous System Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Radiation therapy for atypical and anaplastic meningiomas: an overview of current results and controversial issues. Neurosurg Rev 2022; 45:3019-3033. [PMID: 35665867 PMCID: PMC9492595 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-022-01806-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Meningiomas are the most common intracranial tumors. Most meningiomas are WHO grade 1 tumors whereas less than one-quarter of all meningiomas are classified as atypical (WHO grade 2) and anaplastic (WHO grade 3) tumors, based on local invasiveness and cellular features of atypia. Surgical resection remains the cornerstone of meningioma therapy and represents the definitive treatment for the majority of patients; however, grade 2 and grade 3 meningiomas display more aggressive behavior and are difficult to treat. Several retrospective series have shown the efficacy and safety of postoperative adjuvant external beam radiation therapy (RT) for patients with atypical and anaplastic meningiomas. More recently, two phase II prospective trials by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG 0539) and the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC 2042) have confirmed the potential benefits of fractionated RT for patients with intermediate and high-risk meningiomas; however, several issues remain a matter of debate. Controversial topics include the timing of radiation treatment in patients with totally resected atypical meningiomas, the optimal radiation technique, dose and fractionation, and treatment planning/target delineation. Ongoing randomized trials are evaluating the efficacy of early adjuvant RT over observation in patients undergoing gross total resection.
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Abstract
Meningiomas are largely indolent tumors with a benign clinical course, but a minority exhibit aggressive behavior characterized by rapid growth, neurologic deficits, and increased mortality. Identifying high-risk patients requiring intervention is challenging, but recent insights into meningioma biology provide a useful guide for decision making. Standard of care for recurrent or biologically aggressive tumors consists of surgery and radiation therapy. Systemic therapies targeting vascular endothelial growth factor signaling and somatostatin analogues are potential options for those with refractory disease but display only modest activity. New paradigms in meningioma clinical trial design provide hope for improved options in the future.
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Zhang R, Chen X, Cai J, Jiang P, Chen Y, Sun B, Song Y, Lin L, Xue Y. A Novel MRI-Based Risk Stratification Algorithm for Predicting Postoperative Recurrence of Meningioma: More Benefits to Patients. Front Oncol 2021; 11:737520. [PMID: 34737953 PMCID: PMC8560899 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.737520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological grading of meningioma is insufficient to predict recurrence after resection and to guide individualized treatment strategies. One hundred and thirty-three patients with meningiomas who underwent total resection were enrolled in this retrospective study. Univariate analyses were conducted to evaluate the association between factors and recurrence. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) was used to further select variables to build a logistic model. The predictive efficiency of the model and WHO grade was compared by using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), decision curve analysis (DCA), and net reclassification improvement (NRI). Patients were given a new risk layer based on a nomogram. The recurrence of meningioma in different groups was observed through the Kaplan-Meier curve. Univariate analysis demonstrated that 11 risk factors were associated with prognosis (P < 0.05). The result of ROC proved that the quantified risk-scoring system (AUC = 0.853) had a higher benefit than pathological grade (AUC = 0.689, P = 0.011). The incidence of recurrence of the high risk cohort (69%) was significantly higher than that of the low risk cohort (9%) by Kaplan-Meier analysis (P < 0.001). And all patients who did not relapse in the high risk group received adjuvant radiotherapy. The novel risk stratification algorithm has a significant value for the recurrence of meningioma and can help in optimizing the individualized design of clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rufei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Chen
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jialing Cai
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Peirong Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yilin Chen
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yang Song
- MR Scientific Marketing, Siemens, Healthineers Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yunjing Xue
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Meningioma is a common intracranial neoplasm currently classified in 15 histologic subtypes across 3 grades of malignancy. First-choice therapy for meningioma is maximum safe resection for grade I tumors, and surgery plus optional and mandatory adjuvant radiotherapy for grade II and III, respectively, given the increased rate of recurrence even in the event of complete resection. The WHO 2016 histopathologic grading of meningioma has been questioned due to subjectivity and its controversial predictive power for recurrence. RECENT FINDINGS Novel DNA methylation profiling has simplified classification into six classes that seem to improve prognostic accuracy. We review five main topics of molecular biology research regarding tumorigenesis and natural history of meningioma from the clinician's perspective: the histopathologic diagnostic features and pitfalls of the current tumor classification; the molecular integrated diagnosis supported by identification of genetic alterations and DNA methylation profiling; the general landscape of the various signaling pathways involved in meningioma formation; the pathogenic theories of the peri-tumoral edema present in meningioma and its therapy implications; and a summarized review on the current treatments and plausible targeted therapies directed to meningioma. It seems likely that molecular assessment will be introduced within the next update of the WHO classification of meningiomas, acknowledging the promising value of DNA methylation profiling. This integrated diagnostic protocol will simplify tumor subtype categorization and provide improved accuracy in predicting recurrence and outcome. Although much effort is being done in identifying key gene mutations, and elucidating specific intracellular signaling pathways involved in meningioma tumorigenesis, effective targeted therapies for recurrent meningiomas are still lacking.
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