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Sandomenico A, Selis F, Sivaccumar JP, Olimpieri P, Iaccarino E, Cicatiello V, Cantile M, Sanna R, Leonardi A, De Falco S, Ruvo M. Recombinant humanized Fab fragments targeting the CFC domain of human Cripto-1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 694:149417. [PMID: 38150919 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
In the era of immunotherapy, the targeting of disease-specific biomarkers goes hand in hand with the development of highly selective antibody-based reagents having optimal pharmacological/toxicological profiles. One interesting and debated biomaker for several types of cancers is the onco-fetal protein Cripto-1 that is selectively expressed in many solid tumours and has been actively investigated as potential theranostic target. Starting from previously described anti-CFC/Cripto-1 murine monoclonal antibodies, we have moved forward to prepare the humanized recombinant Fabs which have been engineered so as to bear an MTGase site useful for a one-step site-specific labelling. The purified and bioconjugated molecules have been extensively characterized and tested on Cripto-1-positive cancer cells through in vitro binding assays. These recombinant Fab fragments recognize the target antigen in its native form on intact cells suggesting that they can be further developed as reagents for detecting Cripto-1 in theranostic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Sandomenico
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Via P. Castellino, 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy.
| | | | - Jwala P Sivaccumar
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Via P. Castellino, 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Emanuela Iaccarino
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Via P. Castellino, 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Valeria Cicatiello
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics Adriano Buzzati-Traverso, CNR, Via P. Castellino, 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | | | | | - Antonio Leonardi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Italy
| | - Sandro De Falco
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics Adriano Buzzati-Traverso, CNR, Via P. Castellino, 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Menotti Ruvo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Via P. Castellino, 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy.
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Biomanufacturing Recombinantly Expressed Cripto-1 Protein in Anchorage-Dependent Mammalian Cells Growing in Suspension Bioreactors within a Three-Dimensional Hydrogel Microcarrier. Gels 2023; 9:gels9030243. [PMID: 36975692 PMCID: PMC10048735 DOI: 10.3390/gels9030243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Biotherapeutic soluble proteins that are recombinantly expressed in mammalian cells can pose a challenge when biomanufacturing in three-dimensional (3D) suspension culture systems. Herein, we tested a 3D hydrogel microcarrier for a suspension culture of HEK293 cells overexpressing recombinant Cripto-1 protein. Cripto-1 is an extracellular protein that is involved in developmental processes and has recently been reported to have therapeutic effects in alleviating muscle injury and diseases by regulating muscle regeneration through satellite cell progression toward the myogenic lineage. Cripto-overexpressing HEK293 cell lines were cultured in microcarriers made from poly (ethylene glycol)-fibrinogen (PF) hydrogels, which provided the 3D substrate for cell growth and protein production in stirred bioreactors. The PF microcarriers were designed with sufficient strength to resist hydrodynamic deterioration and biodegradation associated with suspension culture in stirred bioreactors for up to 21 days. The yield of purified Cripto-1 obtained using the 3D PF microcarriers was significantly higher than that obtained with a two-dimensional (2D) culture system. The bioactivity of the 3D-produced Cripto-1 was equivalent to commercially available Cripto-1 in terms of an ELISA binding assay, a muscle cell proliferation assay, and a myogenic differentiation assay. Taken together, these data indicate that 3D microcarriers made from PF can be combined with mammalian cell expression systems to improve the biomanufacturing of protein-based therapeutics for muscle injuries.
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