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Sandomenico A, Selis F, Sivaccumar JP, Olimpieri P, Iaccarino E, Cicatiello V, Cantile M, Sanna R, Leonardi A, De Falco S, Ruvo M. Recombinant humanized Fab fragments targeting the CFC domain of human Cripto-1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 694:149417. [PMID: 38150919 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
In the era of immunotherapy, the targeting of disease-specific biomarkers goes hand in hand with the development of highly selective antibody-based reagents having optimal pharmacological/toxicological profiles. One interesting and debated biomaker for several types of cancers is the onco-fetal protein Cripto-1 that is selectively expressed in many solid tumours and has been actively investigated as potential theranostic target. Starting from previously described anti-CFC/Cripto-1 murine monoclonal antibodies, we have moved forward to prepare the humanized recombinant Fabs which have been engineered so as to bear an MTGase site useful for a one-step site-specific labelling. The purified and bioconjugated molecules have been extensively characterized and tested on Cripto-1-positive cancer cells through in vitro binding assays. These recombinant Fab fragments recognize the target antigen in its native form on intact cells suggesting that they can be further developed as reagents for detecting Cripto-1 in theranostic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Sandomenico
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Via P. Castellino, 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy.
| | | | - Jwala P Sivaccumar
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Via P. Castellino, 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Emanuela Iaccarino
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Via P. Castellino, 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Valeria Cicatiello
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics Adriano Buzzati-Traverso, CNR, Via P. Castellino, 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | | | | | - Antonio Leonardi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Italy
| | - Sandro De Falco
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics Adriano Buzzati-Traverso, CNR, Via P. Castellino, 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Menotti Ruvo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Via P. Castellino, 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy.
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Crescenzi E, Mellone S, Gragnano G, Iaccarino A, Leonardi A, Pacifico F. NGAL Mediates Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma Cells Survival Through FAS/CD95 Inhibition. Endocrinology 2023; 165:bqad190. [PMID: 38091978 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a siderophore-mediated iron binding protein, is highly expressed in human anaplastic thyroid carcinomas (ATCs) where it plays pleiotropic protumorigenic roles including that of a prosurvival protein. Here we show that NGAL inhibits FAS/CD95 death receptor to control ATC cell survival. FAS/CD95 expression in human specimens from patients with ATC and in ATC-derived cell lines negatively correlate with NGAL expression. Silencing of NGAL in ATC cells leads to FAS/CD95 upregulation, whereas NGAL overexpression determines the opposite effect. As a result, an agonist anti-FAS/CD95 antibody induces cell death in NGAL-silenced cells while it is ineffective on NGAL-overexpressing cells. Interestingly, the inhibitory activity of NGAL on FAS/CD95 is due to its iron carrier property given that perturbing iron homeostasis of NGAL-proficient and -deficient ATC cells directly influences FAS/CD95 expression. Accordingly, conditioned media containing a mutant form of NGAL unable to bind siderophores cannot rescue cells from FAS/CD95-dependent death, whereas NGAL wild type-containing conditioned media abolish the effects of the agonist antibody. We also find that downregulation of FAS/CD95 expression is mediated by iron-dependent NGAL suppression of p53 transcriptional activity. Our results indicate that NGAL contributes to ATC cell survival by iron-mediated inhibition of p53-dependent FAS/CD95 expression and suggest that restoring FAS/CD95 by NGAL suppression could be a helpful strategy to kill ATC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Crescenzi
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale, CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Mellone
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale, CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluca Gragnano
- Dipartimento di Salute Pubblica, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonino Iaccarino
- Dipartimento di Salute Pubblica, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Pacifico
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale, CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Curci N, Iacono R, Segura DR, Cillo M, Cobucci-Ponzano B, Strazzulli A, Leonardi A, Giger L, Moracci M. Novel GH109 enzymes for bioconversion of group A red blood cells to the universal donor group O. N Biotechnol 2023; 77:130-138. [PMID: 37643666 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Glycoside hydrolases (GHs) have been employed for industrial and biotechnological purposes and often play an important role in new applications. The red blood cell (RBC) antigen system depends on the composition of oligosaccharides on the surface of erythrocytes, thus defining the ABO blood type classification. Incorrect blood transfusions may lead to fatal consequences, making the availability of the correct blood group critical. In this regard, it has been demonstrated that some GHs may be helpful in the conversion of groups A and B blood types to produce group O universal donor blood. GHs belonging to the GH109 family are of particular interest for this application due to their ability to convert blood from group A to group O. This work describes the biochemical characterisation of three novel GH109 enzymes (NAg68, NAg69 and NAg71) and the exploration of their ability to produce enzymatically converted RBCs (ECO-RBC). The three enzymes showed superior specificity on pNP-α-N-acetylgalactosamine compared to previously reported GH109 enzymes. These novel enzymes were able to act on purified antigen-A trisaccharides and produce ECO-RBC from human donor blood. NAg71 converted type A RBC to group O with increased efficiency in the presence of dextran compared to a commercially available GH109, previously used for this application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Curci
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia 21, Naples 80126, Italy; Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council of Italy, Via P. Castellino 111, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Roberta Iacono
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia 21, Naples 80126, Italy
| | | | - Michele Cillo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Sergio Pansini, 5, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Beatrice Cobucci-Ponzano
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council of Italy, Via P. Castellino 111, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Andrea Strazzulli
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia 21, Naples 80126, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo 90133, Italy
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Sergio Pansini, 5, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Lars Giger
- Novozymes A/S, Biologiens vej 2, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Marco Moracci
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia 21, Naples 80126, Italy; Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council of Italy, Via P. Castellino 111, Naples 80131, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo 90133, Italy.
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Sivaccumar JP, Iaccarino E, Oliver A, Cantile M, Olimpieri P, Leonardi A, Ruvo M, Sandomenico A. Production in Bacteria and Characterization of Engineered Humanized Fab Fragment against the Nodal Protein. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1130. [PMID: 37631045 PMCID: PMC10459755 DOI: 10.3390/ph16081130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug development in recent years is increasingly focused on developing personalized treatments based on blocking molecules selective for therapeutic targets specifically present in individual patients. In this perspective, the specificity of therapeutic targets and blocking agents plays a crucial role. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and their surrogates are increasingly used in this context thanks to their ability to bind therapeutic targets and to inhibit their activity or to transport bioactive molecules into the compartments in which the targets are expressed. Small antibody-like molecules, such as Fabs, are often used in certain clinical settings where small size and better tissue penetration are required. In the wake of this research trend, we developed a murine mAb (3D1) neutralizing the activity of Nodal, an oncofetal protein that is attracting an ever-increasing interest as a selective therapeutic target for several cancer types. Here, we report the preparation of a recombinant Fab of 3D1 that has been humanized through a computational approach starting from the sequence of the murine antibody. The Fab has been expressed in bacterial cells (1 mg/L bacterial culture), biochemically characterized in terms of stability and binding properties by circular dichroism and bio-layer interferometry techniques and tested in vitro on Nodal-positive cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jwala P. Sivaccumar
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Via P. Castellino, 111, 80131 Naples, Italy (E.I.)
| | - Emanuela Iaccarino
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Via P. Castellino, 111, 80131 Naples, Italy (E.I.)
| | - Angela Oliver
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Via P. Castellino, 111, 80131 Naples, Italy (E.I.)
- Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | | | | | - Antonio Leonardi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples “Federico II”, via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Menotti Ruvo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Via P. Castellino, 111, 80131 Naples, Italy (E.I.)
| | - Annamaria Sandomenico
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Via P. Castellino, 111, 80131 Naples, Italy (E.I.)
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Crescenzi E, Leonardi A, Pacifico F. Iron Metabolism in Cancer and Senescence: A Cellular Perspective. Biology (Basel) 2023; 12:989. [PMID: 37508419 PMCID: PMC10376531 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Iron participates in a number of biological processes and plays a crucial role in cellular homeostasis. Alterations in iron metabolism are considered hallmarks of cancer and drivers of aggressive behaviors, such as uncontrolled proliferation, resistance to apoptosis, enhanced metastatic ability, increased cell plasticity and stemness. Furthermore, a dysregulated iron metabolism has been associated with the development of an adverse tumor microenvironment. Alterations in iron metabolism have been described in cellular senescence and in aging. For instance, iron has been shown to accumulate in aged tissues and in age-related diseases. Furthermore, in vitro studies demonstrate increases in iron content in both replicative and stress-induced senescent cells. However, the role, the mechanisms of regulation and dysregulation and the effects of iron metabolism on senescence remain significantly less characterized. In this review, we first provide an overview of iron metabolism and iron regulatory proteins. Then, we summarize alterations in iron homeostasis in cancer and senescence from a cellular point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Crescenzi
- Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale, CNR, Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, "Federico II" University of Naples, Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Pacifico
- Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale, CNR, Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Pacifico F, Mellone S, D'Incalci M, Stornaiuolo M, Leonardi A, Crescenzi E. Trabectedin suppresses escape from therapy-induced senescence in tumor cells by interfering with glutamine metabolism. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 202:115159. [PMID: 35780827 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Conventional and targeted cancer therapies may induce a cellular senescence program termed therapy-induced senescence. However, unlike normal cells, cancer cells are able to evade the senescence cell cycle arrest and to resume proliferation, driving tumor recurrence after treatments. Cells that escape from therapy-induced senescence are characterized by a plastic, cancer stem cell-like phenotype, and recent studies are beginning to define their unique metabolic features, such as glutamine dependence. Here, we show that the antineoplastic drug trabectedin suppresses escape from therapy-induced senescence in all cell lines studied, and reduces breast cancer stem-like cells, at concentrations that do not affect the viability of senescent tumor cells. We demonstrate that trabectedin downregulates both the glutamine transporter SLC1A5 and glutamine synthetase, thereby interfering with glutamine metabolism. On the whole, our results indicate that trabectedin targets a glutamine-dependent cancer stem-like cell population involved in evasion from therapy-induced senescence and suggest a therapeutic potential for trabectedin combined with pro-senescence chemotherapy in tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Pacifico
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale, CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Mellone
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale, CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maurizio D'Incalci
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariano Stornaiuolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80149 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Elvira Crescenzi
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale, CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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Sidoli C, Zambon A, Tassistro E, Rossi E, Mossello E, Inzitari M, Cherubini A, Marengoni A, Morandi A, Bellelli G, Tarasconi A, Sella M, Paternò G, Faggian G, Lucarelli C, De Grazia N, Alberto C, Porcella L, Nardiello I, Chimenti E, Zeni M, Romairone E, Minaglia C, Ceccotti C, Guerra G, Mantovani G, Monacelli F, Minaglia C, Candiani T, Santolini F, Minaglia C, Rosso M, Bono V, Sibilla S, Dal Santo P, Ceci M, Barone P, Schirinzi T, Formenti A, Nastasi G, Isaia G, Gonella D, Battuello A, Casson S, Calvani D, Boni F, Ciaccio A, Rosa R, Sanna G, Manfredini S, Cortese L, Rizzo M, Prestano R, Greco A, Lauriola M, Gelosa G, Piras V, Arena M, Cosenza D, Bellomo A, LaMontagna M, Gabbani L, Lambertucci L, Perego S, Parati G, Basile G, Gallina V, Pilone G, Giudice C, Pietrogrande L, Mosca M, Corazzin I, Rossi P, Nunziata V, D’Amico F, Grippa A, Giardini S, Barucci R, Cossu A, Fiorin L, Arena M, Distefano M, Lunardelli M, Brunori M, Ruffini I, Abraham E, Varutti A, Fabbro E, Catalano A, Martino G, Leotta D, Marchet A, Dell’Aquila G, Scrimieri A, Davoli M, Casella M, Cartei A, Polidori G, Basile G, Brischetto D, Motta S, Saponara R, Perrone P, Russo G, Del D, Car C, Pirina T, Franzoni S, Cotroneo A, Ghiggia F, Volpi G, Menichetti C, Bo M, Panico A, Calogero P, Corvalli G, Mauri M, Lupia E, Manfredini R, Fabbian F, March A, Pedrotti M, Veronesi M, Strocchi E, Borghi C, Bianchetti A, Crucitti A, DiFrancesco V, Fontana G, Geriatria A, Bonanni L, Barbone F, Serrati C, Ballardini G, Simoncelli M, Ceschia G, Scarpa C, Brugiolo R, Fusco S, Ciarambino T, Biagini C, Tonon E, Porta M, Venuti D, DelSette M, Poeta M, Barbagallo G, Trovato G, Delitala A, Arosio P, Reggiani F, Zuliani G, Ortolani B, Mussio E, Girardi A, Coin A, Ruotolo G, Castagna A, Masina M, Cimino R, Pinciaroli A, Tripodi G, Cassadonte F, Vatrano M, Scaglione L, Fogliacco P, Muzzuilini C, Romano F, Padovani A, Rozzini L, Cagnin A, Fragiacomo F, Desideri G, Liberatore E, Bruni A, Orsitto G, Franco M, Bonfrate L, Bonetto M, Pizio N, Magnani G, Cecchetti G, Longo A, Bubba V, Marinan L, Cotelli M, Turla M, Brunori M, Sessa M, Abruzzi L, Castoldi G, LoVetere D, Musacchio C, Novello M, Cavarape A, Bini A, Leonardi A, Seneci F, Grimaldi W, Seneci F, Fimognari F, Bambar V, Saitta A, Corica F, Braga M, Servi, Ettorre E, Camellini Bellelli CG, Annoni G, Marengoni A, Bruni A, Crescenzo A, Noro G, Turco R, Ponzetto M, Giuseppe L, Mazzei B, Maiuri G, Costaggiu D, Damato R, Fabbro E, Formilan M, Patrizia G, Santuar L, Gallucci M, Minaglia C, Paragona M, Bini P, Modica D, Abati C, Clerici M, Barbera I, NigroImperiale F, Manni A, Votino C, Castiglioni C, Di M, Degl’Innocenti M, Moscatelli G, Guerini S, Casini C, Dini D, DeNotariis S, Bonometti F, Paolillo C, Riccardi A, Tiozzo A, SamySalamaFahmy A, Riccardi A, Paolillo C, DiBari M, Vanni S, Scarpa A, Zara D, Ranieri P, Alessandro M, Calogero P, Corvalli G, Di F, Pezzoni D, Platto C, D’Ambrosio V, Ivaldi C, Milia P, DeSalvo F, Solaro C, Strazzacappa M, Bo M, Panico A, Cazzadori M, Bonetto M, Grasso M, Troisi E, Magnani G, Cecchetti G, Guerini V, Bernardini B, Corsini C, Boffelli S, Filippi A, Delpin K, Faraci B, Bertoletti E, Vannucci M, Crippa P, Malighetti A, Caltagirone C, DiSant S, Bettini D, Maltese F, Formilan M, Abruzzese G, Minaglia C, Cosimo D, Azzini M, Cazzadori M, Colombo M, Procino G, Fascendini S, Barocco F, Del P, D’Amico F, Grippa A, Mazzone A, Cottino M, Vezzadini G, Avanzi S, Brambilla C, Orini S, Sgrilli F, Mello A, Lombardi Muti LE, Dijk B, Fenu S, Pes C, Gareri P, Castagna A, Passamonte M, Rigo R, Locusta L, Caser L, Rosso G, Cesarini S, Cozzi R, Santini C, Carbone P, Cazzaniga I, Lovati R, Cantoni A, Ranzani P, Barra D, Pompilio G, Dimori S, Cernesi S, Riccò C, Piazzolla F, Capittini E, Rota C, Gottardi F, Merla L, Barelli A, Millul A, De G, Morrone G, Bigolari M, Minaglia C, Macchi M, Zambon F, D’Amico F, D’Amico F, Pizzorni C, DiCasaleto G, Menculini G, Marcacci M, Catanese G, Sprini D, DiCasalet T, Bocci M, Borga S, Caironi P, Cat C, Cingolani E, Avalli L, Greco G, Citerio G, Gandini L, Cornara G, Lerda R, Brazzi L, Simeone F, Caciorgna M, Alampi D, Francesconi S, Beck E, Antonini B, Vettoretto K, Meggiolaro M, Garofalo E, Bruni A, Notaro S, Varutti R, Bassi F, Mistraletti G, Marino A, Rona R, Rondelli E, Riva I, Cortegiani A, Pistidda L, D’Andrea R, Querci L, Gnesin P, Todeschini M, Lugano M, Castelli G, Ortolani M, Cotoia A, Maggiore S, DiTizio L, Graziani R, Testa I, Ferretti E, Castioni C, Lombardi F, Caserta R, Pasqua M, Simoncini S, Baccarini F, Rispoli M, Grossi F, Cancelliere L, Carnelli M, Puccini F, Biancofiore G, Siniscalchi A, Laici C, Mossello E, Torrini M, Pasetti G, Palmese S, Oggioni R, Mangani V, Pini S, Martelli M, Rigo E, Zuccalà F, Cherri A, Spina R, Calamai I, Petrucci N, Caicedo A, Ferri F, Gritti P, Brienza N, Fonnesu R, Dessena M, Fullin G, Saggioro D. Prevalence and features of delirium in older patients admitted to rehabilitation facilities: a multicenter study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2022; 34:1827-1835. [PMID: 35396698 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-022-02099-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Delirium is thought to be common across various settings of care; however, still little research has been conducted in rehabilitation. AIM We investigated the prevalence of delirium, its features and motor subtypes in older patients admitted to rehabilitation facilities during the three editions of the "Delirium Day project". METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study in which 1237 older patients (age ≥ 65 years old) admitted to 50 Italian rehabilitation wards during the three editions of the "Delirium Day project" (2015 to 2017) were included. Delirium was evaluated through the 4AT and its motor subtype with the Delirium Motor Subtype Scale. RESULTS Delirium was detected in 226 patients (18%), and the most recurrent motor subtype was mixed (37%), followed by hypoactive (26%), hyperactive (21%) and non-motor one (16%). In a multivariate Poisson regression model with robust variance, factors associated with delirium were: disability in basic (PR 1.48, 95%CI: 1.17-1.9, p value 0.001) and instrumental activities of daily living (PR 1.58, 95%CI: 1.08-2.32, p value 0.018), dementia (PR 2.10, 95%CI: 1.62-2.73, p value < 0.0001), typical antipsychotics (PR 1.47, 95%CI: 1.10-1.95, p value 0.008), antidepressants other than selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (PR 1.3, 95%CI: 1.02-1.66, p value 0.035), and physical restraints (PR 2.37, 95%CI: 1.68-3.36, p value < 0.0001). CONCLUSION This multicenter study reports that 2 out 10 patients admitted to rehabilitations had delirium on the index day. Mixed delirium was the most prevalent subtype. Delirium was associated with unmodifiable (dementia, disability) and modifiable (physical restraints, medications) factors. Identification of these factors should prompt specific interventions aimed to prevent or mitigate delirium.
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Zucchelli A, Manzoni F, Morandi A, Di Santo S, Rossi E, Valsecchi MG, Inzitari M, Cherubini A, Bo M, Mossello E, Marengoni A, Bellelli G, Tarasconi A, Sella M, Auriemma S, Paternò G, Faggian G, Lucarelli C, De Grazia N, Alberto C, Margola A, Porcella L, Nardiello I, Chimenti E, Zeni M, Giani A, Famularo S, Romairone E, Minaglia C, Ceccotti C, Guerra G, Mantovani G, Monacelli F, Minaglia C, Candiani T, Ballestrero A, Minaglia C, Santolini F, Minaglia C, Rosso M, Bono V, Sibilla S, Dal Santo P, Ceci M, Barone P, Schirinzi T, Formenti A, Nastasi G, Isaia G, Gonella D, Battuello A, Casson S, Calvani D, Boni F, Ciaccio A, Rosa R, Sanna G, Manfredini S, Cortese L, Rizzo M, Prestano R, Greco A, Lauriola M, Gelosa G, Piras V, Arena M, Cosenza D, Bellomo A, LaMontagna M, Gabbani L, Lambertucci L, Perego S, Parati G, Basile G, Gallina V, Pilone G, Giudice C, De F, Pietrogrande L, De B, Mosca M, Corazzin I, Rossi P, Nunziata V, D‘Amico F, Grippa A, Giardini S, Barucci R, Cossu A, Fiorin L, Arena M, Distefano M, Lunardelli M, Brunori M, Ruffini I, Abraham E, Varutti A, Fabbro E, Catalano A, Martino G, Leotta D, Marchet A, Dell‘Aquila G, Scrimieri A, Davoli M, Casella M, Cartei A, Polidori G, Basile G, Brischetto D, Motta S, Saponara R, Perrone P, Russo G, Del D, Car C, Pirina T, Franzoni S, Cotroneo A, Ghiggia F, Volpi G, Menichetti C, Bo M, Panico A, Calogero P, Corvalli G, Mauri M, Lupia E, Manfredini R, Fabbian F, March A, Pedrotti M, Veronesi M, Strocchi E, Bianchetti A, Crucitti A, Di Francesco V, Fontana G, Bonanni L, Barbone F, Serrati C, Ballardini G, Simoncelli M, Ceschia G, Scarpa C, Brugiolo R, Fusco S, Ciarambino T, Biagini C, Tonon E, Porta M, Venuti D, DelSette M, Poeta M, Barbagallo G, Trovato G, Delitala A, Arosio P, Reggiani F, Zuliani G, Ortolani B, Mussio E, Girardi A, Coin A, Ruotolo G, Castagna A, Masina M, Cimino R, Pinciaroli A, Tripodi G, Cannistrà U, Cassadonte F, Vatrano M, Cassandonte F, Scaglione L, Fogliacco P, Muzzuilini C, Romano F, Padovani A, Rozzini L, Cagnin A, Fragiacomo F, Desideri G, Liberatore E, Bruni A, Orsitto G, Franco M, Bonfrate L, Bonetto M, Pizio N, Magnani G, Cecchetti G, Longo A, Bubba V, Marinan L, Cotelli M, Turla M, Brunori M, Sessa M, Abruzzi L, Castoldi G, LoVetere D, Musacchio C, Novello M, Cavarape A, Bini A, Leonardi A, Seneci F, Grimaldi W, Fimognari F, Bambara V, Saitta A, Corica F, Braga M, Ettorre E, Camellini C, Marengoni A, Bruni A, Crescenzo A, Noro G, Turco R, Ponzetto M, Giuseppe L, Mazzei B, Maiuri G, Costaggiu D, Damato R, Fabbro E, Patrizia G, Santuari L, Gallucci M, Minaglia C, Paragona M, Bini P, Modica D, Abati C, Clerici M, Barbera I, NigroImperiale F, Manni A, Votino C, Castiglioni C, Di M, Degl‘Innocenti M, Moscatelli G, Guerini S, Casini C, Dini D, DeNotariis S, Bonometti F, Paolillo C, Riccardi A, Tiozzo A, SamySalamaFahmy A, Riccardi A, Paolillo C, DiBari M, Vanni S, Scarpa A, Zara D, Ranieri P, Calogero P, Corvalli G, Pezzoni D, Gentile S, Morandi A, Platto C, D‘Ambrosio V, Faraci B, Ivaldi C, Milia P, DeSalvo F, Solaro C, Strazzacappa M, Bo M, Panico A, Cazzadori M, Confente S, Bonetto M, Magnani G, Cecchetti G, Guerini V, Bernardini B, Corsini C, Boffelli S, Filippi A, Delpin K, Bertoletti E, Vannucci M, Tesi F, Crippa P, Malighetti A, Caltagirone C, DiSant S, Bettini D, Maltese F, Formilan M, Abruzzese G, Minaglia C, Cosimo D, Azzini M, Cazzadori M, Colombo M, Procino G, Fascendini S, Barocco F, Del P, D‘Amico F, Grippa A, Mazzone A, Riva E, Dell‘Acqua D, Cottino M, Vezzadini G, Avanzi S, Orini S, Sgrilli F, Mello A, Lombardi L, Muti E, Dijk B, Fenu S, Pes C, Gareri P, Castagna A, Passamonte M, De F, Rigo R, Locusta L, Caser L, Rosso G, Cesarini S, Cozzi R, Santini C, Carbone P, Cazzaniga I, Lovati R, Cantoni A, Ranzani P, Barra D, Pompilio G, Dimori S, Cernesi S, Riccò C, Piazzolla F, Capittini E, Rota C, Gottardi F, Merla L, Barelli A, Millul A, De G, Morrone G, Bigolari M, Minaglia C, Macchi M, Zambon F, D‘Amico F, D‘Amico F, Pizzorni C, DiCasaleto G, Menculini G, Marcacci M, Catanese G, Sprini D, DiCasalet T, Bocci M, Borga S, Caironi P, Cat C, Cingolani E, Avalli L, Greco G, Citerio G, Gandini L, Cornara G, Lerda R, Brazzi L, Simeone F, Caciorgna M, Alampi D, Francesconi S, Beck E, Antonini B, Vettoretto K, Meggiolaro M, Garofalo E, Bruni A, Notaro S, Varutti R, Bassi F, Mistraletti G, Marino A, Rona R, Rondelli E, Riva I, Scapigliati A, Cortegiani A, Vitale F, Pistidda L, D‘Andrea R, Querci L, Gnesin P, Todeschini M, Lugano M, Castelli G, Ortolani M, Cotoia A, Maggiore S, DiTizio L, Graziani R, Testa I, Ferretti E, Castioni C, Lombardi F, Caserta R, Pasqua M, Simoncini S, Baccarini F, Rispoli M, Grossi F, Cancelliere L, Carnelli M, Puccini F, Biancofiore G, Siniscalchi A, Laici C, Mossello E, Torrini M, Pasetti G, Palmese S, Oggioni R, Mangani V, Pini S, Martelli M, Rigo E, Zuccalà F, Cherri A, Spina R, Calamai I, Petrucci N, Caicedo A, Ferri F, Gritti P, Brienza N, Fonnesu R, Dessena M, Fullin G, Saggioro D. The association between low skeletal muscle mass and delirium: results from the nationwide multi-centre Italian Delirium Day 2017. Aging Clin Exp Res 2022; 34:349-357. [PMID: 34417734 PMCID: PMC8847195 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-021-01950-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Delirium and sarcopenia are common, although underdiagnosed, geriatric
syndromes. Several pathological mechanisms can link delirium and low skeletal muscle mass, but few studies have investigated their association. We aimed to investigate (1) the association between delirium and low skeletal muscle mass and (2) the possible role of calf circumference mass in finding cases with delirium. Methods The analyses were conducted employing the cross-sectional “Delirium Day” initiative, on patient 65 years and older admitted to acute hospital medical wards, emergency departments, rehabilitation wards, nursing homes and hospices in Italy in 2017. Delirium was diagnosed as a 4 + score at the 4-AT scale. Low skeletal muscle mass was operationally defined as calf circumference ≤ 34 cm in males and ≤ 33 cm in females. Logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between low skeletal muscle mass and delirium. The discriminative ability of calf circumference was evaluated using non-parametric ROC analyses. Results A sample of 1675 patients was analyzed. In total, 73.6% of participants had low skeletal muscle mass and 24.1% exhibited delirium. Low skeletal muscle mass and delirium showed an independent association (OR: 1.50; 95% CI 1.09–2.08). In the subsample of patients without a diagnosis of dementia, the inclusion of calf circumference in a model based on age and sex significantly improved its discriminative accuracy [area under the curve (AUC) 0.69 vs 0.57, p < 0.001]. Discussion and conclusion Low muscle mass is independently associated with delirium. In patients without a previous diagnosis of dementia, calf circumference may help to better identify those who develop delirium. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40520-021-01950-8.
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Crescenzi E, Leonardi A, Pacifico F. NGAL as a Potential Target in Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12333. [PMID: 34830212 PMCID: PMC8623964 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212333&set/a 915137580+984946846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The signaling network between cancer and stromal cells plays a crucial role in tumor microenvironment. The fate of tumor progression mainly depends on the huge amount of information that these cell populations exchange from the onset of neoplastic transformation. Interfering with such signaling has been producing exciting results in cancer therapy: just think of anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1/anti-CTLA-4 antibodies that, acting as immune checkpoint inhibitors, interrupt the inhibitory signaling exerted by cancer cells on immune cells or the CAR-T technology that fosters the reactivation of anti-tumoral immunity in a restricted group of leukemias and lymphomas. Nevertheless, many types of cancers, in particular solid tumors, are still refractory to these treatments, so the identification of novel molecular targets in tumor secretome would benefit from implementation of current anti-cancer therapeutical strategies. Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) is a secreted protein abundantly expressed in the secretome of various human tumors. It represents a promising target for the multiple roles that are played inside cancer and stromal cells, and also overall in their cross-talk. The review focuses on the different roles of NGAL in tumor microenvironment and in cancer senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), highlighting the most crucial functions that could be eventually targetable in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Crescenzi
- Istituto per l’Endocrinologia e l’Oncologia Sperimentale, CNR, Via S. Pansini, 5-80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, “Federico II” University of Naples, Via S. Pansini, 5-80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Francesco Pacifico
- Istituto per l’Endocrinologia e l’Oncologia Sperimentale, CNR, Via S. Pansini, 5-80131 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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10
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Arboretto P, Cillo M, Leonardi A. New Insights into Cancer Targeted Therapy: Nodal and Cripto-1 as Attractive Candidates. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157838. [PMID: 34360603 PMCID: PMC8345935 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling is fundamental for correct embryonic development. However, alterations of this pathway have been correlated with oncogenesis, tumor progression and sustaining of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Cripto-1 (CR-1) and Nodal are two embryonic proteins involved in TGF-β signaling. Their expression is almost undetectable in terminally differentiated cells, but they are often re-expressed in tumor cells, especially in CSCs. Moreover, cancer cells that show high levels of CR-1 and/or Nodal display more aggressive phenotypes in vitro, while in vivo their expression correlates with a worse prognosis in several human cancers. The ability to target CSCs still represents an unmet medical need for the complete eradication of certain types of tumors. Given the prognostic role and the selective expression of CR-1 and Nodal on cancer cells, they represent archetypes for targeted therapy. The aim of this review is to clarify the role of CR-1 and Nodal in cancer stem populations and to summarize the current therapeutic strategy to target CSCs using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or other molecular tools to interfere with these two proteins.
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11
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Merlo R, Caprioglio D, Cillo M, Valenti A, Mattossovich R, Morrone C, Massarotti A, Rossi F, Miggiano R, Leonardi A, Minassi A, Perugino G. The SNAP- tag technology revised: an effective chemo-enzymatic approach by using a universal azide-based substrate. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:85-97. [PMID: 33121288 PMCID: PMC7599001 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1841182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
SNAP-tag ® is a powerful technology for the labelling of protein/enzymes by using benzyl-guanine (BG) derivatives as substrates. Although commercially available or ad hoc produced, their synthesis and purification are necessary, increasing time and costs. To address this limitation, here we suggest a revision of this methodology, by performing a chemo-enzymatic approach, by using a BG-substrate containing an azide group appropriately distanced by a spacer from the benzyl ring. The SNAP-tag ® and its relative thermostable version (SsOGT-H5 ) proved to be very active on this substrate. The stability of these tags upon enzymatic reaction makes possible the exposition to the solvent of the azide-moiety linked to the catalytic cysteine, compatible for the subsequent conjugation with DBCO-derivatives by azide-alkyne Huisgen cycloaddition. Our studies propose a strengthening and an improvement in terms of biotechnological applications for this self-labelling protein-tag.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Merlo
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Diego Caprioglio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Michele Cillo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Valenti
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosanna Mattossovich
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Castrese Morrone
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Alberto Massarotti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,IXTAL srl, Novara, Italy
| | - Franca Rossi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Riccardo Miggiano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,IXTAL srl, Novara, Italy
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Minassi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Perugino
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
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12
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Caturano V, Manti B, Carbone F, Lasorsa VA, Colicchio R, Capasso M, Leonardi A, Matarese G, Russo T, Salvatore P. Estimating asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections in a geographic area of low disease incidence. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:350. [PMID: 33853532 PMCID: PMC8046491 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06054-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The SARS-CoV-2 infection has emerged as a rapidly spreading infection. Today it is relatively easy to isolate Covid-19 symptomatic cases, while remains problematic to control the disease spread by infected but symptom-free individuals. The control of this possible path of contagion requires drastic measures of social distancing, which imply the suspension of most activities and generate economic and social issues. This study is aimed at estimating the percentage of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in a geographic area with relatively low incidence of Covid-19. Methods Blood serum samples from 388 healthy volunteers were analyzed for the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG by using an ELISA assay based on recombinant viral nucleocapsid protein. Results We found that 7 out of 388 healthy volunteers, who declared no symptoms of Covid-19, like fever, cough, fatigue etc., in the preceding 5 months, have bona fide serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, that is 1.8% of the asymptomatic population (95% confidence interval: 0.69–2.91%). Conclusions The estimated range of asymptomatic individuals with anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG should be between 26,565 and 112, 350. In the same geographic area, there are 4665 symptomatic diagnosed cases. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-021-06054-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Caturano
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Barbara Manti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Fortunata Carbone
- Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Vito Alessandro Lasorsa
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l., Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Colicchio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Capasso
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l., Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Matarese
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.,Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Tommaso Russo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Paola Salvatore
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. .,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l., Naples, Italy.
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Sivaccumar JP, Leonardi A, Iaccarino E, Corvino G, Sanguigno L, Chambery A, Russo R, Valletta M, Latino D, Capasso D, Doti N, Ruvo M, Sandomenico A. Development of a New Highly Selective Monoclonal Antibody against Preferentially Expressed Antigen in Melanoma (PRAME) and Identification of the Target Epitope by Bio-Layer Interferometry. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063166. [PMID: 33804612 PMCID: PMC8003813 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against cancer biomarkers are key reagents in diagnosis and therapy. One such relevant biomarker is a preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) that is selectively expressed in many tumors. Knowing mAb’s epitope is of utmost importance for understanding the potential activity and therapeutic prospective of the reagents. Methods: We generated a mAb against PRAME immunizing mice with PRAME fragment 161–415; the affinity of the antibody for the protein was evaluated by ELISA and SPR, and its ability to detect the protein in cells was probed by cytofluorimetry and Western blotting experiments. The antibody epitope was identified immobilizing the mAb on bio-layer interferometry (BLI) sensor chip, capturing protein fragments obtained following trypsin digestion and performing mass spectrometry analyses. Results: A mAb against PRAME with an affinity of 35 pM was obtained and characterized. Its epitope on PRAME was localized on residues 202–212, taking advantage of the low volumes and lack of fluidics underlying the BLI settings. Conclusions: The new anti-PRAME mAb recognizes the folded protein on the surface of cell membranes suggesting that the antibody’s epitope is well exposed. BLI sensor chips can be used to identify antibody epitopes.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/chemistry
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antibody Specificity
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/immunology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/pharmacology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Development
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Epitopes/chemistry
- Epitopes/immunology
- Flow Cytometry
- Humans
- Interferometry
- Kinetics
- Melanoma
- Mice
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Protein Binding/immunology
- Recombinant Proteins
- Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80142 Napoli, Italy; (A.L.); (L.S.)
| | - Emanuela Iaccarino
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, 80134 Napoli, Italy; (J.P.S.); (E.I.); (G.C.); (D.L.); (N.D.)
| | - Giusy Corvino
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, 80134 Napoli, Italy; (J.P.S.); (E.I.); (G.C.); (D.L.); (N.D.)
| | - Luca Sanguigno
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80142 Napoli, Italy; (A.L.); (L.S.)
| | - Angela Chambery
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche (DISTABIF), Università L. Vanvitelli, 80100 Caserta, Italy; (A.C.); (R.R.); (M.V.)
| | - Rosita Russo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche (DISTABIF), Università L. Vanvitelli, 80100 Caserta, Italy; (A.C.); (R.R.); (M.V.)
| | - Mariangela Valletta
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche (DISTABIF), Università L. Vanvitelli, 80100 Caserta, Italy; (A.C.); (R.R.); (M.V.)
| | - Debora Latino
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, 80134 Napoli, Italy; (J.P.S.); (E.I.); (G.C.); (D.L.); (N.D.)
| | - Domenica Capasso
- Centro di Servizio di Ateneo per le Scienze e Tecnologie per la Vita (CESTEV), Università di Napoli Federico II, 80145 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Nunzianna Doti
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, 80134 Napoli, Italy; (J.P.S.); (E.I.); (G.C.); (D.L.); (N.D.)
| | - Menotti Ruvo
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, 80134 Napoli, Italy; (J.P.S.); (E.I.); (G.C.); (D.L.); (N.D.)
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (A.S.)
| | - Annamaria Sandomenico
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, 80134 Napoli, Italy; (J.P.S.); (E.I.); (G.C.); (D.L.); (N.D.)
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (A.S.)
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Abstract
The induction of senescence in tumor cells impairs transformation and promotes an anticancer immune response resulting from the production by senescent cells of cytokines and chemokines, an aspect known as "senescence-associated secretory phenotype" (SASP). Here we discuss recent findings regarding the role of NFκB in the modulation of the SASP and the consequent anticancer immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Crescenzi
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale; Naples, Italy
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15
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Tornatore L, Capece D, D'Andrea D, Begalli F, Verzella D, Bennett J, Acton G, Campbell EA, Kelly J, Tarbit M, Adams N, Bannoo S, Leonardi A, Sandomenico A, Raimondo D, Ruvo M, Chambery A, Oblak M, Al-Obaidi MJ, Kaczmarski RS, Gabriel I, Oakervee HE, Kaiser MF, Wechalekar A, Benjamin R, Apperley JF, Auner HW, Franzoso G. Clinical proof of concept for a safe and effective NF-κB-targeting strategy in multiple myeloma. Br J Haematol 2019; 185:588-592. [PMID: 30255568 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Tornatore
- CCSI, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Daria Capece
- CCSI, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel D'Andrea
- CCSI, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Federica Begalli
- CCSI, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Daniela Verzella
- CCSI, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jason Bennett
- CCSI, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Gary Acton
- Cancer Research UK Centre for Drug Development, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Selina Bannoo
- CCSI, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Domenico Raimondo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Menotti Ruvo
- IBB-CNR and CIRPeB, "Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Chambery
- DiSTABiF, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Metod Oblak
- West Middlesex University Hospital, Isleworth, Greater London, UK
| | - Magda J Al-Obaidi
- Haematology Department, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Ian Gabriel
- Haematology Department, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Martin F Kaiser
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Reuben Benjamin
- Department of Haematology, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Holger W Auner
- Centre for Haematology, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Cancer Cell Protein Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Guido Franzoso
- CCSI, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
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16
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Tornatore L, Capece D, D'Andrea D, Begalli F, Verzella D, Bennett J, Acton G, Campbell EA, Kelly J, Tarbit M, Adams N, Bannoo S, Leonardi A, Sandomenico A, Raimondo D, Ruvo M, Chambery A, Oblak M, Al-Obaidi MJ, Kaczmarski RS, Gabriel I, Oakervee HE, Kaiser MF, Wechalekar A, Benjamin R, Apperley JF, Auner HW, Franzoso G. Preclinical toxicology and safety pharmacology of the first-in-class GADD45β/MKK7 inhibitor and clinical candidate, DTP3. Toxicol Rep 2019; 6:369-379. [PMID: 31080744 PMCID: PMC6502747 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant NF-κB activity drives oncogenesis and cell survival in multiple myeloma (MM) and many other cancers. However, despite an aggressive effort by the pharmaceutical industry over the past 30 years, no specific IκBα kinase (IKK)β/NF-κB inhibitor has been clinically approved, due to the multiple dose-limiting toxicities of conventional NF-κB-targeting drugs. To overcome this barrier to therapeutic NF-κB inhibition, we developed the first-in-class growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible (GADD45)β/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MKK)7 inhibitor, DTP3, which targets an essential, cancer-selective cell-survival module downstream of the NF-κB pathway. As a result, DTP3 specifically kills MM cells, ex vivo and in vivo, ablating MM xenografts in mice, with no apparent adverse effects, nor evident toxicity to healthy cells. Here, we report the results from the preclinical regulatory pharmacodynamic (PD), safety pharmacology, pharmacokinetic (PK), and toxicology programmes of DTP3, leading to the approval for clinical trials in oncology. These results demonstrate that DTP3 combines on-target-selective pharmacology, therapeutic anticancer efficacy, favourable drug-like properties, long plasma half-life and good bioavailability, with no target-organs of toxicity and no adverse effects preclusive of its clinical development in oncology, upon daily repeat-dose administration in both rodent and non-rodent species. Our study underscores the clinical potential of DTP3 as a conceptually novel candidate therapeutic selectively blocking NF-κB survival signalling in MM and potentially other NF-κB-driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Tornatore
- CCSI, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Daria Capece
- CCSI, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel D'Andrea
- CCSI, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Federica Begalli
- CCSI, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Daniela Verzella
- CCSI, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jason Bennett
- CCSI, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Gary Acton
- Cancer Research UK Centre for Drug Development, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Selina Bannoo
- CCSI, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Domenico Raimondo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Menotti Ruvo
- IBB-CNR and CIRPeB, "Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Chambery
- DiSTABiF, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Metod Oblak
- West Middlesex University Hospital, Isleworth, Greater London, UK
| | | | | | - Ian Gabriel
- Haematology Department, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Martin F. Kaiser
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Reuben Benjamin
- Department of Haematology, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Holger W. Auner
- Centre for Haematology, Imperial College, London, UK
- Cancer Cell Protein Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Guido Franzoso
- CCSI, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
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17
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Focà G, Iaccarino E, Focà A, Sanguigno L, Untiveros G, Cuevas-Nunez M, Strizzi L, Leonardi A, Ruvo M, Sandomenico A. Development of conformational antibodies targeting Cripto-1 with neutralizing effects in vitro. Biochimie 2019; 158:246-256. [PMID: 30703478 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Human Cripto-1 (Cripto-1), the founding member of the EGF-CFC superfamily, is a key regulator of many processes during embryonic development and oncogenesis. Cripto-1 is barely present or even absent in normal adult tissues while it is aberrantly re-expressed in various tumors. Blockade of the CFC domain-mediated Cripto-1 functions is acknowledged as a promising therapeutic intervention point to inhibit the tumorigenic activity of the protein. In this work, we report the generation and characterization of murine monoclonal antibodies raised against the synthetic folded CFC [112-150] domain of the human protein. Through subtractive ELISA assays clones were screened for the ability to specifically recognize "hot spot" residues on the CFC domain, which are crucial for the interaction with Activin Type I receptor (ALK4) and GRP78. On selected antibodies, SPR and epitope mapping studies have confirmed their specificity and have revealed that recognition occurs only on a conformational epitope. Furthermore, FACS analyses have confirmed the ability of 1B4 antibody to recognize the membrane-anchored and soluble native Cripto-1 protein in a panel of human cancer cells. Finally, we have evaluated its functional effects through in vitro cellular signaling assays and cell cycle analysis. These findings suggest that the selected anti-CFC mAbs have the potential to neutralize the protein oncogenic activity and may be used as theranostic molecules suitable as tumor homing agents for Cripto-1-overexpressing cancer cells and tissues and to overcome drug-resistance in routine cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Focà
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council (IBB-CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuela Iaccarino
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council (IBB-CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Annalia Focà
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council (IBB-CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Sanguigno
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Gustavo Untiveros
- Midwestern University, Colleges of Graduate Studies, Dwners Grove, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Maria Cuevas-Nunez
- Midwestern University, Colleges of Graduate Studies, Dwners Grove, Chicago, IL, USA; College of Dental Medicine, Dwners Grove, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Luigi Strizzi
- Midwestern University, Colleges of Graduate Studies, Dwners Grove, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Menotti Ruvo
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council (IBB-CNR), Naples, Italy.
| | - Annamaria Sandomenico
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council (IBB-CNR), Naples, Italy.
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18
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Barra G, Lepore A, Gagliardi M, Somma D, Matarazzo MR, Costabile F, Pasquale G, Mazzoni A, Gallo C, Nuzzo G, Annunziato F, Fontana A, Leonardi A, De Palma R. Sphingosine Kinases promote IL-17 expression in human T lymphocytes. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13233. [PMID: 30185808 PMCID: PMC6125344 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31666-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) has a role in many cellular processes. S1P is involved in cell growth and apoptosis, regulation of cell trafficking, production of cytokines and chemokines. The kinases SphK1 and SphK2 (SphKs) phosphorilate Sphingosine (Sph) to S1P and several phosphatases revert S1P to sphingosine, thus assuring a balanced pool that can be depleted by a Sphingosine lyase in hexadecenal compounds and aldehydes. There are evidences that SphK1 and 2 may per se control cellular processes. Here, we report that Sph kinases regulate IL-17 expression in human T cells. SphKs inhibition impairs the production of IL-17, while their overexpression up-regulates expression of the cytokine through acetylation of IL-17 promoter. SphKs were up-regulated also in PBMCs of patients affected by IL-17 related diseases. Thus, S1P/S1P kinases axis is a mechanism likely to promote IL-17 expression in human T cells, representing a possible therapeutic target in human inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusi Barra
- Department of Precision Medicine, Università della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessio Lepore
- Univeristy of Naples "Federico II", Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Napoli, Italy
| | - Miriam Gagliardi
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso', CNR, Napoli, 80131, Italy
| | - Domenico Somma
- Univeristy of Naples "Federico II", Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Costabile
- Department of Precision Medicine, Università della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pasquale
- Department of Precision Medicine, Università della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine and DENOTHE Center, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Carmela Gallo
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry-CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80078, Italy
| | - Genoveffa Nuzzo
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry-CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80078, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine and DENOTHE Center, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Angelo Fontana
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry-CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80078, Italy
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Univeristy of Naples "Federico II", Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Napoli, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Palma
- Department of Precision Medicine, Università della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy. .,Institute of Protein Biochemistry-CNR, via P. Castellino, 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy.
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19
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Pignatello R, Leonardi A, Fuochi V, Petronio Petronio G, Greco AS, Furneri PM. A Method for Efficient Loading of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride in Cationic Solid Lipid Nanoparticles: Formulation and Microbiological Evaluation. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2018; 8:nano8050304. [PMID: 29734771 PMCID: PMC5977318 DOI: 10.3390/nano8050304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was the production of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) loaded with ciprofloxacin (CIP) through two different production techniques, quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion (QESD) and solvent injection (SI). In order to efficaciously entrap the commercial salt form (hydrochloride) of the antibiotic in these lipid systems, a conversion of CIP hydrochloride to the free base was realized in situ, through the addition of triethylamine. To ensure physical stability to the carriers over time and ameliorate the interaction with bacterial cell membranes, positively charged SLN were produced by addition of the cationic lipid didecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB). Homogeneous SLN populations with a mean particle sizes of 250–350 nm were produced by both methods; drug encapsulation was over 85% for most samples. The SLN were physically stable for up to nine months both at 4 °C and 25 °C, although the former condition appears more suitable to guarantee the maintenance of the initial particle size distribution. As expected, CIP encapsulation efficiency underwent a slight reduction after nine months of storage, although the initial high drug content values would ensure a residual concentration of the antibiotic in the SLN still appropriate to exert an acceptable antibacterial activity. Selected SLN formulations were subjected to an in vitro microbiological assay against different bacterial strains, to verify the effect of nanoencapsulation on the cell growth inhibitory activity of CIP. In general, CIP-SLN produced without DDAB showed MIC values for CIP comparable to those of the free drug. Conversely, addition of increasing percentages of the cationic lipid, reflected by a progressive increase of the positive value of the Zeta potential, showed a variety of MIC values against the various bacterial strains, but with values 2–4 order of dilution lower than free CIP. An hypothesis of the effect of the cationic lipid upon the increased antibacterial activity of CIP in the nanocarriers is also formulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Pignatello
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
- NANO-i, Research Centre on Ocular Nanotechnology, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Virginia Fuochi
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, BIOMETEC, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Giulio Petronio Petronio
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, BIOMETEC, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Antonio S Greco
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Pio Maria Furneri
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, BIOMETEC, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
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20
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Musumeci T, Leonardi A, Bonaccorso A, Pignatello R, Puglisi G. Tangential Flow Filtration Technique: An Overview on Nanomedicine Applications. Pharm Nanotechnol 2018; 6:48-60. [PMID: 29510657 DOI: 10.2174/2211738506666180306160921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Purification is a key step for different types of approaches, ranging from food, biotechnology to pharmaceutical fields. In biotechnology, tangential flow filtration (TFF) allows obtaining the separation of different components of cells without instability phenomena. In the food industry, TFF ensures the removal of contaminants or other substances that negatively affect visual appearance, organoleptic attributes, nutritional value and/or safety of ailments. In the pharmaceutical area, purification is also an important and necessary step controlling the quality of final product. In the field of research and development of nanomedicines, several techniques are used to purify and/or to concentrate the batches for in vitro and in vivo applications. Despite many approaches that exist; current data reveal continued unsatisfactory results. Between them, TFF showed promising results, even if, currently, its use is uncommon if compared with other purification techniques usually reported in "materials and methods" sections. This review represents an overview of the different applications of TFF from protein purification to food application, with particular attention to the field of nanomedicine from polymeric to metallic nanoparticles, highlighting advantages and dis-advantages in the use of this technique. The theoretical aspect of the process has been examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Musumeci
- Department of Drug Sciences, Research Centre on Ocular Nanotechnology (NANO-i), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Department of Drug Sciences, Research Centre on Ocular Nanotechnology (NANO-i), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Bonaccorso
- Department of Drug Sciences, Research Centre on Ocular Nanotechnology (NANO-i), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosario Pignatello
- Department of Drug Sciences, Research Centre on Ocular Nanotechnology (NANO-i), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Puglisi
- Department of Drug Sciences, Research Centre on Ocular Nanotechnology (NANO-i), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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21
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Calvanese L, Focà A, Sandomenico A, Focà G, Caporale A, Doti N, Iaccarino E, Leonardi A, D'Auria G, Ruvo M, Falcigno L. Structural insights into the interaction of a monoclonal antibody and Nodal peptides by STD-NMR spectroscopy. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:6589-6596. [PMID: 29113739 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nodal is a growth factor expressed during early embryonic development, but reactivated in several advanced-stage cancers. Targeting of Nodal signaling, which occurs via the binding to Cripto-1 co-receptor, results in inhibition of cell aggressiveness and reduced tumor growth. The Nodal binding region to Cripto-1 was identified and targeted with a high affinity monoclonal antibody (3D1). By STD-NMR technique, we investigated the interaction of Nodal fragments with 3D1 with the aim to elucidate at atomic level the interaction surface. Data indicate with high accuracy the antibody-antigen contact atoms and confirm the information previously obtained by immune-enzymatic methods. Main residues contacted by 3D1 are P46, V47, E49 and E50, which belong to the Nodal loop involved in the interaction with the co-receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Calvanese
- CIRPeB, University of Naples Federico II, via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy
| | - Annalia Focà
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, IBB-CNR, via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy
| | - Annamaria Sandomenico
- CIRPeB, University of Naples Federico II, via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, IBB-CNR, via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Focà
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, IBB-CNR, via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy
| | - Andrea Caporale
- CIRPeB, University of Naples Federico II, via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy
| | - Nunzianna Doti
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, IBB-CNR, via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy
| | - Emanuela Iaccarino
- DISTABIF, Università degli Studi della Campania "Lugi Vanvitelli", via Vivaldi, 43, 80100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Dept. Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella D'Auria
- CIRPeB, University of Naples Federico II, via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, IBB-CNR, via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy; Dept. of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy
| | - Menotti Ruvo
- CIRPeB, University of Naples Federico II, via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, IBB-CNR, via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Lucia Falcigno
- CIRPeB, University of Naples Federico II, via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, IBB-CNR, via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy; Dept. of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy.
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22
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Leonardi A, Doan S, Fauquert JL, Bozkurt B, Allegri P, Marmouz F, Rondon C, Jedrzejczak M, Hellings P, Delgado L, Calder V. Diagnostic tools in ocular allergy. Allergy 2017; 72:1485-1498. [PMID: 28387947 DOI: 10.1111/all.13178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ocular allergy (OA) includes a group of common and less frequent hypersensitivity disorders frequently misdiagnosed and not properly managed. The diagnosis of OA is usually based on clinical history and signs and symptoms, with the support of in vivo and in vitro tests when identification of the specific allergen is required. To date, no specific test is available for the diagnosis of the whole spectrum of the different forms of OA. The lack of recommendations on diagnosis of OA is considered a medical need not only for allergists but also for ophthalmologists. This position paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the currently available tools for diagnosing OA to promote a common nomenclature and procedures to be used by different specialists. Questionnaires, sign and symptom grading scales, tests, and potential biomarkers for OA are reviewed. We also identified several unmet needs in the diagnostic tools to generate interest, increase understanding, and inspire further investigations. Tools, recommendations, and algorithms for the diagnosis of OA are proposed for use by both allergists and ophthalmologists. Several unmet needs in the diagnostic tools should be further improved by specific clinical research in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Leonardi
- Department of Neuroscience; Ophthalmology Unit; University of Padua; Padua Italy
| | - S. Doan
- Service d'Ophtalmologie; Hôpital Bichat and Fondation A. de Rothschild; Paris France
| | - J. L. Fauquert
- Unité d'Allergologie de l'Enfant CHU Estaing; CHU Estaing; Clermont-Ferrand Cedex1 France
| | - B. Bozkurt
- Faculty of Medicine; Department of Ophthalmology; Selcuk University; Konya Turkey
| | - P. Allegri
- Rapallo Hospital Ophthalmology Department; Allergic Conjunctivitis Unit; Ocular Inflammatory Diseases Referral Center; Genova Italy
| | - F. Marmouz
- Pole sanitaire du Vexin; Pontoise France
| | - C. Rondon
- Allergy Unit; Regional University Hospital of Malaga; IBIMA, UMA; Malaga Spain
| | - M. Jedrzejczak
- Department of Immunology, Rheumatology and Allergy; Medical University of Lodz; Lodz Poland
| | | | - L. Delgado
- Laboratory of Immunology; Faculty of Medicine; Basic and Clinical Immunology Unit, and Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems (CINTESIS); University of Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - V. Calder
- Department of Ocular Biology & Therapeutics; UCL Institute of Ophthalmology; London UK
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23
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Manzo E, Cutignano A, Pagano D, Gallo C, Barra G, Nuzzo G, Sansone C, Ianora A, Urbanek K, Fenoglio D, Ferrera F, Bernardi C, Parodi A, Pasquale G, Leonardi A, Filaci G, De Palma R, Fontana A. A new marine-derived sulfoglycolipid triggers dendritic cell activation and immune adjuvant response. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6286. [PMID: 28740080 PMCID: PMC5524952 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05969-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic Cells (DCs) recognize infectious non-self molecules and engage the adaptive immune system thereby initiating long lasting, antigen-specific responses. As such, the ability to activate DCs is considered a key tool to enhance the efficacy and quality of vaccination. Here we report a novel immunomodulatory sulfolipid named β-SQDG18 that prototypes a class of natural-derived glycolipids able to prime human DCs by a TLR2/TLR4-independent mechanism and trigger an efficient immune response in vivo. β-SQDG18 induces maturation of DC with the upregulation of MHC II molecules and co-stimulatory proteins (CD83, CD86), as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-12 and INF-γ). Mice immunized with OVA associated to β-SQDG18 (1:500) produced a titer of anti-OVA Ig comparable to traditional adjuvants. In an experimental model of melanoma, vaccination of C57BL/6 mice with β-SQDG18-adjuvanted hgp10 peptide elicited a protective response with a reduction in tumour growth and increase in survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Manzo
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, CNR- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via Campi Flegrei 34, IT-80078, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Adele Cutignano
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, CNR- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via Campi Flegrei 34, IT-80078, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Dario Pagano
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, CNR- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via Campi Flegrei 34, IT-80078, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Carmela Gallo
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, CNR- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via Campi Flegrei 34, IT-80078, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giusi Barra
- University of Campania, Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Dept. of Internal and Experimental Clinic, c/o II Policlinico (Bd. 3), Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Genoveffa Nuzzo
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, CNR- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via Campi Flegrei 34, IT-80078, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Adrianna Ianora
- Stazione Zoologica "A. Dohrn", Villa Comunale, 80121, Napoli, Italy
| | - Konrad Urbanek
- University of Campania, Dept. of Experimental Medicine, c/o II Policlinico (Bd. 3), Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Daniela Fenoglio
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrera
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Cinzia Bernardi
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessia Parodi
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pasquale
- University of Campania, Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Dept. of Internal and Experimental Clinic, c/o II Policlinico (Bd. 3), Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Univeristy of Naples "Federico II", Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, c/o II Policlinico (Bd. 3), Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Gilberto Filaci
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Palma
- University of Campania, Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Dept. of Internal and Experimental Clinic, c/o II Policlinico (Bd. 3), Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131, Napoli, Italy.
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, via P. Castellino, 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Angelo Fontana
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, CNR- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via Campi Flegrei 34, IT-80078, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy.
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Pacifico F, Lepore A, Mellone S, Sanguigno L, Federico G, Greco A, Brunetti A, Leonardi A. The chemokine scavenging receptor D6/ACKR2 is a target of miR-146a in thyroid cancer. Genes Cancer 2017; 8:577-588. [PMID: 28740576 PMCID: PMC5511891 DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that miR-146a, a NF-κB-regulated microRNA, is strongly expressed in human specimens and cell lines derived from anaplastic thyroid carcinomas (ATC) where it mediates some of the NF-κB pro-tumorigenic functions. By using a bioinformatic analysis, we identified the chemokine scavenger receptor D6/ ACKR2 as a target of miR146a in human ATC. We found that the expression of D6/ ACKR2 was up-regulated in miR-146a-null ATC cell lines and that the 3’ UTR of D6/ ACKR2 mRNA was able to inhibit its expression in parental, but not in miR-146a-null ATC cells. Since human specimens from primary ATC showed a low expression of D6/ ACKR2 compared to normal thyroid tissues, we analyzed the effects of D6/ACKR2 over-expression in ATC cells. Different chemokines added to the conditioned medium of D6/ACKR2 over-expressing ATC cells partially failed to drive in vitro monocyte migration, and tumors derived from the injection of the same cells in nude mice showed a decreased number of infiltrating macrophages. Taken together, these results indicate that ATC cells down-regulate D6/ACKR2 expression through miR-146a activity to sustain leukocyte trafficking inside tumor microenvironment and shed light on a novel mechanism by which NF-κB indirectly inhibits the expression and the function of anti-tumorigenic gene in thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessio Lepore
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Mellone
- Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Sanguigno
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Giorgia Federico
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Adelaide Greco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Avanzate, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, scarl, Naples, Italy.,Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Arturo Brunetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Avanzate, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, scarl, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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Maggioni F, Leonardi A. Does Ocular Neuropathic Pain Deserve an Autonomous Position in the IHS Classification? Clinical and Diagnostic Evidences. Headache 2017; 57:962-963. [DOI: 10.1111/head.13080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Maggioni
- Department of Neurosciences; Headache Centre, University of Padua; Padua Italy
| | - A. Leonardi
- Department of Neurosciences; Ophthalmology Unit, University of Padua; Padua Italy
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Sacconi B, Anzidei M, Leonardi A, Boni F, Saba L, Scipione R, Anile M, Rengo M, Longo F, Bezzi M, Venuta F, Napoli A, Laghi A, Catalano C. Analysis of CT features and quantitative texture analysis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma: a correlation with EGFR mutations and survival rates. Clin Radiol 2017; 72:443-450. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2017.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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27
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Labbé A, Baudouin C, Ismail D, Amrane M, Garrigue JS, Leonardi A, Figueiredo F, Van Setten G, Labetoulle M. Pan-European survey of the topical ocular use of cyclosporine A. J Fr Ophtalmol 2017; 40:187-195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Scardi P, Rebuffi L, Abdellatief M, Flor A, Leonardi A. Debye-Waller coefficient of heavily deformed nanocrystalline iron. J Appl Crystallogr 2017; 50:508-518. [PMID: 28381974 PMCID: PMC5377344 DOI: 10.1107/s160057671700022x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive deformation of an iron alloy powder increases the static disorder contribution to the thermal factor, with an increase of ∼20% in the Debye–Waller coefficient observed by both X-ray diffraction and extended X-ray absorption fine structure. Molecular dynamics simulations shed light on the underlying mechanisms, confirming the major role played by the grain boundary. Synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns from an extensively ball-milled iron alloy powder were collected at 100, 200 and 300 K. The results were analysed together with those using extended X-ray absorption fine structure, measured on the same sample at liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K) and at room temperature (300 K), to assess the contribution of static disorder to the Debye–Waller coefficient (Biso). Both techniques give an increase of ∼20% with respect to bulk reference iron, a noticeably smaller difference than reported by most of the literature for similar systems. Besides good quality XRD patterns, proper consideration of the temperature diffuse scattering seems to be the key to accurate values of the Debye–Waller coefficient. Molecular dynamics simulations of nanocrystalline iron aggregates, mapped on the evidence provided by XRD in terms of domain size distribution, shed light on the origin of the observed Biso increase. The main contribution to the static disorder is given by the grain boundary, while line and point defects have a much smaller effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Scardi
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - L Rebuffi
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Trieste, Italy
| | - M Abdellatief
- Synchrotron Light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East - SESAME, Allan, Jordan
| | - A Flor
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - A Leonardi
- Department of Geological Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
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Fauquert JL, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz M, Rondon C, Calder V, Silva D, Kvenshagen BK, Callebaut I, Allegri P, Santos N, Doan S, Perez Formigo D, Chiambaretta F, Delgado L, Leonardi A. Conjunctival allergen provocation test : guidelines for daily practice. Allergy 2017; 72:43-54. [PMID: 27430124 DOI: 10.1111/all.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Conjunctival allergen provocation test (CAPT) reproduces the events occurring by instilling an allergen on the ocular surface. This paper is the compilation of a task force focussed on practical aspects of this technique based on the analysis of 131 papers. Main mechanisms involved are reviewed. Indications are diagnosing the allergen(s)-triggering symptoms in IgE-mediated ocular allergy in seasonal, acute or perennial forms of allergic conjunctivitis, especially when the relevance of the allergen is not obvious or in polysensitized patients. Contraindications are limited to ongoing systemic severe pathology, asthma and eye diseases. CAPT should be delayed if receiving systemic steroids or antihistamines. Local treatment should be interrupted according to the half-life of each drug. Prerequisites are as follows: obtaining informed consent; evidencing of an allergen by skin prick tests and/or serum-specific IgE dosages; being able to deal with an unlikely event such as acute asthma exacerbation, urticaria or anaphylaxis, or an exacerbation of allergic conjunctivitis. Allergen extracts should be diluted locally prior to administration. Positive criteria are based on itching or quoted according to a composite score. An alternative scoring is based on itching. CAPT remains underused in daily practice, although it is a safe and simple procedure which can provide valuable clinical information.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.-L. Fauquert
- Unité d'Allergologie de l'enfant; CHU Estaing; Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1 France
| | | | - C. Rondon
- Allergy Unit; Regional University Hospital of Malaga; IBIMA; UMA; Malaga Spain
| | - V. Calder
- Department of Ocular Biology & Therapeutics (ORBIT); UCL Institute of Ophthalmology; London UK
| | - D. Silva
- Serviço de Imunoalergologia; Centro Hospitalar São João; E.P.E.; Porto Portugal
| | - B. K. Kvenshagen
- Pediatric Department; Oestfold Hospital Trust; Fredrikstad Norway
| | - I. Callebaut
- Clinical Immunology; Department of Microbiology and Immunology; Catholic University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - P. Allegri
- Allergic Conjunctivitis Unit; Ocular Inflammatory Diseases Referral Center; Rapallo Hospital Ophthalmological Dep.; Genova Italy
| | - N. Santos
- Serviço de Imunoalergologia; Centro Hospitalar São João; E.P.E.; Porto Portugal
| | - S. Doan
- Service d'Ophtalmologie; Hôpital Bichat and Fondation A. de Rothschild; Paris France
| | - D. Perez Formigo
- Servicio de Oftalmologia; Hospital Universitario de Torrejon; Madrid Spain
| | - F. Chiambaretta
- Service d'Ophtalmologie; CHU Montpied; Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1 France
| | - L. Delgado
- Department of Immunology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - A. Leonardi
- Ophthalmology Unit; Department of Neuroscience; University of Padua; Padua Italy
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Abstract
The cytotoxicity of dental monomers has been widely investigated, but the underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated. We studied the molecular mechanisms involved in cell death induced by HEMA. In human primary fibroblasts, HEMA induced a dose-dependent apoptosis that was confirmed by the activation of caspases-8, -9, and -3. We found an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NF-κB activation after HEMA exposure. Blocking of ROS production by anti-oxidants had no direct influence on apoptosis caused by HEMA, but inhibition of NF-κB increased the fraction of apoptotic cells. Accordingly, mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) from p65−/− mice were more susceptible to HEMA-induced apoptosis than were wild-type controls. Our results indicate that exposure to HEMA triggers apoptosis and that this mechanism is not directly dependent upon redox signaling. Nevertheless, ROS induction by HEMA activates NF-κB, which exerts a protective role in counteracting apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Spagnuolo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, University of Naples, Italy.
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Gallo V, Dotta L, Giardino G, Cirillo E, Lougaris V, D'Assante R, Prandini A, Consolini R, Farrow EG, Thiffault I, Saunders CJ, Leonardi A, Plebani A, Badolato R, Pignata C. Diagnostics of Primary Immunodeficiencies through Next-Generation Sequencing. Front Immunol 2016; 7:466. [PMID: 27872624 PMCID: PMC5098274 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, a growing number of novel genetic defects underlying primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) have been identified, increasing the number of PID up to more than 250 well-defined forms. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies and proper filtering strategies greatly contributed to this rapid evolution, providing the possibility to rapidly and simultaneously analyze large numbers of genes or the whole exome. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role of targeted NGS and whole exome sequencing (WES) in the diagnosis of a case series, characterized by complex or atypical clinical features suggesting a PID, difficult to diagnose using the current diagnostic procedures. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed genetic variants identified through targeted NGS or WES in 45 patients with complex PID of unknown etiology. RESULTS Forty-seven variants were identified using targeted NGS, while 5 were identified using WES. Newly identified genetic variants were classified into four groups: (I) variations associated with a well-defined PID, (II) variations associated with atypical features of a well-defined PID, (III) functionally relevant variations potentially involved in the immunological features, and (IV) non-diagnostic genotype, in whom the link with phenotype is missing. We reached a conclusive genetic diagnosis in 7/45 patients (~16%). Among them, four patients presented with a typical well-defined PID. In the remaining three cases, mutations were associated with unexpected clinical features, expanding the phenotypic spectrum of typical PIDs. In addition, we identified 31 variants in 10 patients with complex phenotype, individually not causative per se of the disorder. CONCLUSION NGS technologies represent a cost-effective and rapid first-line genetic approach for the evaluation of complex PIDs. WES, despite a moderate higher cost compared to targeted, is emerging as a valuable tool to reach in a timely manner, a PID diagnosis with a considerable potential to draw genotype-phenotype correlation. Nevertheless, a large fraction of patients still remains without a conclusive diagnosis. In these patients, the sum of non-diagnostic variants might be proven informative in future studies with larger cohorts of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Gallo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University , Naples , Italy
| | - Laura Dotta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, "Angelo Nocivelli" Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Brescia , Brescia , Italy
| | - Giuliana Giardino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University , Naples , Italy
| | - Emilia Cirillo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University , Naples , Italy
| | - Vassilios Lougaris
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, "Angelo Nocivelli" Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Brescia , Brescia , Italy
| | - Roberta D'Assante
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University , Naples , Italy
| | - Alberto Prandini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, "Angelo Nocivelli" Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Brescia , Brescia , Italy
| | - Rita Consolini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - Emily G Farrow
- Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital , Kansas City, MO , USA
| | - Isabelle Thiffault
- Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital , Kansas City, MO , USA
| | - Carol J Saunders
- Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital , Kansas City, MO , USA
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University , Naples , Italy
| | - Alessandro Plebani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, "Angelo Nocivelli" Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Brescia , Brescia , Italy
| | - Raffaele Badolato
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, "Angelo Nocivelli" Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Brescia , Brescia , Italy
| | - Claudio Pignata
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University , Naples , Italy
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Leonardi A, Garhöfer G, Amrane M, Garrigue J, Ismail D, Sainz de la Maza M, Labetoulle M. Subgroup analysis of two phase III studies of 0.1% cyclosporine A cationic emulsion (CsA CE) in patients with dry eye disease. Acta Ophthalmol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2016.0552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Pignatello R, Simerska P, Leonardi A, Abdelrahim AS, Petronio GP, Fuochi V, Furneri PM, Ruozi B, Toth I. Synthesis, characterization and in vitro evaluation of amphiphilic ion pairs of erythromycin and kanamycin antibiotics with liposaccharides. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 120:329-37. [PMID: 27236014 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.04.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The hydrophilic ion paring strategy (HIP) is a method explored to improve the cell/tissue uptake of poorly adsorbed drugs and to optimize their physico-chemical characteristics. In this context, we here describe the synthesis of some ion pairs of two model cationic antibiotics, erythromycin (ERY) and kanamycin A (KAN), with liposaccharides having different levels of lipophilicity and charge. The formation of drug-liposaccharide complexes was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis. The effect of the amphiphilic liposaccharide moieties on the antimicrobial activity of ERY and KAN was assessed by measuring the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the compounds against a panel of bacterial strains that were susceptible or resistant to the parent antibiotics. The ion pairing did not depress the in vitro antibiotic activity, although no lowering of MIC values was registered. The experimental findings would motivate the future investigation of this ion pairing strategy in drug design, for instance allowing improvement of the encapsulation efficiency of hydrophilic antibiotics in lipid-based nanocarriers, or changing their in vivo biodistribution and pharmacokinetic profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Pignatello
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, viale A. Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; NANO-i - Research Centre on Ocular Nanotechnology, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Pavla Simerska
- The School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences (SCMB), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, viale A. Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Adel S Abdelrahim
- The School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences (SCMB), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | | | - Virginia Fuochi
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - BIOMETEC, University of Catania, via Androne, 81, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Pio Maria Furneri
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - BIOMETEC, University of Catania, via Androne, 81, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Barbara Ruozi
- Nanomedicine Group, Te.Far.T.I. Center, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Istvan Toth
- The School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences (SCMB), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; The School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; The Institute for Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Sandomenico A, Focà A, Sanguigno L, Caporale A, Focà G, Pignalosa A, Corvino G, Caragnano A, Beltrami AP, Antoniali G, Tell G, Leonardi A, Ruvo M. Monoclonal antibodies against pools of mono- and polyacetylated peptides selectively recognize acetylated lysines within the context of the original antigen. MAbs 2016; 8:1575-1589. [PMID: 27560983 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2016.1225643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) strongly influence the structure and function of proteins. Lysine side chain acetylation is one of the most widespread PTMs, and it plays a major role in several physiological and pathological mechanisms. Protein acetylation may be detected by mass spectrometry (MS), but the use of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is a useful and cheaper option. Here, we explored the feasibility of generating mAbs against single or multiple acetylations within the context of a specific sequence. As a model, we used the unstructured N-terminal domain of APE1, which is acetylated on Lys27, Lys31, Lys32 and Lys35. As immunogen, we used a peptide mixture containing all combinations of single or multi-acetylated variants encompassing the 24-39 protein region. Targeted screening of the resulting clones yielded mAbs that bind with high affinity to only the acetylated APE1 peptides and the acetylated protein. No binding was seen with the non-acetylated variant or unrelated acetylated peptides and proteins, suggesting a high specificity for the APE1 acetylated molecules. MAbs could not finely discriminate between the differently acetylated variants; however, they specifically bound the acetylated protein in mammalian cell extracts and in intact cells and tissue slices from both breast cancers and from a patient affected by idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. The data suggest that our approach is a rapid and cost-effective method to generate mAbs against specific proteins modified by multiple acetylations or other PTMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Sandomenico
- a Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini , Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IBB-CNR) , Napoli , Italy
| | - Annalia Focà
- a Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini , Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IBB-CNR) , Napoli , Italy
| | | | - Andrea Caporale
- c Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi (CIRPeB) , Napoli , Italy
| | - Giuseppina Focà
- a Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini , Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IBB-CNR) , Napoli , Italy
| | - Angelica Pignalosa
- a Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini , Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IBB-CNR) , Napoli , Italy
| | | | - Angela Caragnano
- d University of Udine , Department of Medical and Biological Sciences , Udine , Italy
| | | | - Giulia Antoniali
- d University of Udine , Department of Medical and Biological Sciences , Udine , Italy
| | - Gianluca Tell
- d University of Udine , Department of Medical and Biological Sciences , Udine , Italy
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- e University of Napoli "Federico II," Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology , Napoli , Italy
| | - Menotti Ruvo
- a Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini , Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IBB-CNR) , Napoli , Italy
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35
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Cirillo P, Pellegrino G, Conte S, Maresca F, Pacifico F, Leonardi A, Trimarco B. Fructose induces prothrombotic phenotype in human endothelial cells : A new role for "added sugar" in cardio-metabolic risk. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2016; 40:444-51. [PMID: 26104185 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-015-1243-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Intake of large amounts of added sweeteners has been associated with the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic risk. Several studies have shown that fructose increases the cardiovascular risk by modulating endothelial dysfunction and promoting atherosclerosis. Recently, a potential role for fructose in cardiovascular thrombosis has been suggested but with controversial results. Tissue factor (TF) plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular thrombosis by triggering the formation of intracoronary thrombi following endothelial injury. This study investigates the effects of fructose, in a concentration range usually observed in the plasma of patients with increased cardiovascular risk, on TF in human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs). Cells were stimulated with increasing concentrations of fructose (0.25, 1 and 2.5 mM) and then processed to evaluate TF-mRNA levels by real-time PCR as well as TF expression/activity by FACS analysis and procoagulant activity. Finally, a potential molecular pathway involved in modulating this phenomenon was investigated. We demonstrate that fructose induces transcription of mRNA for TF. In addition, we show that this monosaccharide promotes surface expression of TF that is functionally active. Fructose effects on TF appear modulated by the oxygen free radicals through activation of the transcription factor NF-κB since superoxide dismutase and NF-κB inhibitors suppressed TF expression. Data of the present study, although in vitro, indicate that fructose, besides promoting atherosclerosis, induces a prothrombotic phenotype in HUVECs, thus indicating one the mechanism(s) by which this sweetener might increase cardiometabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Plinio Cirillo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples, "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
| | - Grazia Pellegrino
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples, "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Conte
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Maresca
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples, "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Pacifico
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Pathology, University of Naples, "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Pathology, University of Naples, "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Bruno Trimarco
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples, "Federico II", Naples, Italy
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Ruocco N, Varrella S, Romano G, Ianora A, Bentley MG, Somma D, Leonardi A, Mellone S, Zuppa A, Costantini M. Diatom-derived oxylipins induce cell death in sea urchin embryos activating caspase-8 and caspase 3/7. Aquat Toxicol 2016; 176:128-140. [PMID: 27130972 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Diatoms are an important class of unicellular algae that produce bioactive secondary metabolites with cytotoxic activity collectively termed oxylipins, including polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUAs), hydroxyacids (HEPEs), oxo-acids and epoxyalcohols. Previous results showed that at higher concentrations, the PUA decadienal induced apoptosis on copepods and sea urchin embryos via caspase-3 activation; at lower concentrations decadienal affected the expression levels of the caspase-8 gene in embryos of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. In the present work, we studied the effects of other common oxylipins produced by diatoms: two PUAs (heptadienal and octadienal) and four hydroxyacids (5-, 9- 11- and 15-HEPE) on P. lividus cell death and caspase activities. Our results showed that (i) at higher concentrations PUAs and HEPEs induced apoptosis in sea urchin embryos, detected by microscopic observation and through the activation of caspase-3/7 and caspase-8 measured by luminescent assays; (ii) at low concentrations, PUAs and HEPEs affected the expression levels of caspase-8 and caspase-3/7 (isolated for the first time here in P. lividus) genes, detected by Real Time qPCR. These findings have interesting implications from the ecological point of view, given the importance of diatom blooms in nutrient-rich aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Ruocco
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Stefano Varrella
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanna Romano
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Adrianna Ianora
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Matt G Bentley
- Faculty of Science and Technology, C227 Christchurch House, Bournemouth University, Talbot Campus, Poole, UK
| | - Domenico Somma
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Stefano Mellone
- Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, CNR, Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Zuppa
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Costantini
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy.
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Arribas J, Cajuso T, Rodio A, Marcos R, Leonardi A, Velázquez A. NF-κB Mediates the Expression of TBX15 in Cancer Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157761. [PMID: 27327083 PMCID: PMC4915632 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
TBX15 is a T-box transcription factor essential for development, also proposed as a marker in prostate cancer; and, recently, its antiapoptotic function indicates a role in carcinogenesis. Regulation of TBX15 is uncovered. In this study, we investigated the regulation of TBX15 expression in human cancer cells, by analyzing the regulatory function of a 5’-distal conserved region of TBX15. Bisulfite sequencing showed high methylation of the CpG island contained in this region that was not correlated with TBX15 mRNA levels, in the cancer cell lines analyzed; however, after 5-aza-dC treatment of TPC-1 cells an increase of TBX15 expression was observed. We also found a significant response of TBX15 to TNF-α activation of the NF-κB pathway using five cancer cell lines, and similar results were obtained when NF-κB was activated with PMA/ionomycin. Next, by luciferase reporter assays, we identified the TBX15 regulatory region containing two functional NF-κB binding sites with response to NF-κBp65, mapping on the -3302 and -3059 positions of the TBX15 gene. Moreover, a direct interaction of NF-κBp65 with one of the two NF-κB binding sites was indicated by ChIP assays. In summary, we provide novel data showing that NF-κB signaling up-regulates TBX15 expression in cancer cells. Furthermore, the link between TBX15 and NF-κB found in this study may be important to understand cancer and development processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Arribas
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Unitat de Genètica, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallés, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Tatiana Cajuso
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Unitat de Genètica, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallés, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angela Rodio
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare, Università Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Unitat de Genètica, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallés, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (SCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare, Università Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonia Velázquez
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Unitat de Genètica, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallés, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (SCIII), Madrid, Spain
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De Palma R, Cirillo P, Ciccarelli G, Barra G, Conte S, Pellegrino G, Pasquale G, Nassa G, Pacifico F, Leonardi A, Insabato L, Calì G, Golino P, Cimmino G. Expression of functional tissue factor in activated T-lymphocytes in vitro and in vivo: A possible contribution of immunity to thrombosis? Int J Cardiol 2016; 218:188-195. [PMID: 27236113 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.04.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE T-lymphocyte activation plays an important role in the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Plaques from ACS patients show a selective oligoclonal expansion of T-cells, indicating a specific, antigen-driven recruitment of T-lymphocytes within the unstable lesions. At present, however, it is not known whether T-cells may contribute directly to thrombosis by expressing functional tissue factor (TF). Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether T-cells are able to express functional TF in their activated status. METHODS In vitro, CD3(+)-cells, isolated from buffy coats, were stimulated with anti-CD3/CD28 beads, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-17, INF-γ or PMA/ionomycin. Following stimulation, TF expression on cell-surface, at gene and protein levels, as well as its procoagulant activity in whole cells and microparticles was measured. In vivo, TF expression was evaluated in CD3(+)-cells isolated from the aorta and the coronary sinus of ACS-NSTEMI and stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) patients. The presence of CD3(+)-TF(+)cells was also evaluated by immunohistochemistry in thrombi aspirated from ACS-STEMI patients. RESULTS PMA/ionomycin and IL-17 plus INF-γ stimulation resulted in a significant TF increase at gene and protein levels as well as at cell-surface expression. This was accompanied by a parallel increase in FXa generation, both in whole cells and in microparticles, indicating that the induced membrane-bound TF was active. Furthermore, transcardiac TF gradient was significantly higher in CD3(+)-cells obtained from ACS-patients compared to SCAD-patients. Interestingly, thrombi from ACS-STEMI patients resulted enriched in CD3(+)-cells, most of them expressing TF. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that activated T-lymphocytes in vitro express functional TF on their membranes, suggesting a direct pathophysiological role of these cells in the thrombotic process; this hypothesis is further supported by the observations in vivo that CD3(+)-cells from coronary circulation of ACS-NSTEMI patients show increased TF levels and that coronary thrombi from ACS-STEMI patients are enriched in CD3(+)-cells expressing TF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele De Palma
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Clinical Immunology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy; Institute of Protein Biochemistry, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Plinio Cirillo
- Department of Advanced Biosciences, Section of Cardiology, University of Naples, "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ciccarelli
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Sciences, Section of Cardiology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Giusi Barra
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Clinical Immunology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Conte
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Sciences, Section of Cardiology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Grazia Pellegrino
- Department of Advanced Biosciences, Section of Cardiology, University of Naples, "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pasquale
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Clinical Immunology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Nassa
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Leonardi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Pathology, University of Naples, "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Insabato
- Department of Advanced Biosciences, Section of Cardiology, University of Naples, "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Calì
- Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology Institute, CNR, Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Golino
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Sciences, Section of Cardiology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Cimmino
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Sciences, Section of Cardiology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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Paolin A, Trojan D, Leonardi A, Mellone S, Volpe A, Orlandi A, Cogliati E. Cytokine expression and ultrastructural alterations in fresh-frozen, freeze-dried and γ-irradiated human amniotic membranes. Cell Tissue Bank 2016; 17:399-406. [PMID: 27072557 PMCID: PMC5010581 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-016-9553-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to compare the effects on human amniotic membrane of freeze-drying and γ-irradiation at doses of 10, 20 and 30 kGy, with freezing. For this purpose, nine cytokines (interleukin 10, platelet-derived growth factor-AA, platelet-derived growth factor-BB, basic fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor beta 1, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1, -2, and -4) were titrated in 5 different preparations for each of 3 amniotic membranes included in the study. In addition, the extracellular matrix structure of each sample was assessed by transmission electron microscopy. While freeze-drying did not seem to affect the biological structure or cytokine content of the different amniotic membrane samples, γ-irradiation led to a significant decrease in the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-4, basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor, and induced structural damage to the epithelium, basement membrane and lamina densa. The higher the irradiation dose the more severe the damage to the amniotic membrane structure. In conclusion, the Authors recommend processing amniotic membrane under sterile conditions to guarantee safety at every step rather than final sterilization with γ-irradiation, thereby avoiding alteration to the biological characteristics of the amniotic membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adolfo Paolin
- Treviso Tissue Bank Foundation, Piazzale Ospedale 1, Via Scarpa 9, 31100, Treviso, Italy.
| | - Diletta Trojan
- Treviso Tissue Bank Foundation, Piazzale Ospedale 1, Via Scarpa 9, 31100, Treviso, Italy
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biomedical Technologies, Medical School, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Stefano Mellone
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biomedical Technologies, Medical School, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Volpe
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Augusto Orlandi
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Cogliati
- Treviso Tissue Bank Foundation, Piazzale Ospedale 1, Via Scarpa 9, 31100, Treviso, Italy
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40
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Leonardi A, Tarricone E, Corrao S, Alaibac M, Corso AJ, Zavan B, Venier P, Conway de Macario E, Macario AJL, Di Stefano A, Cappello F, Brun P. Chaperone patterns in vernal keratoconjunctivitis are distinctive of cell and Hsp type and are modified by inflammatory stimuli. Allergy 2016; 71:403-11. [PMID: 26613380 DOI: 10.1111/all.12814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a severe ocular allergy with pathogenic mechanism poorly understood and no efficacious treatment. The aims of the study were to determine quantities and distribution of Hsp chaperones in the conjunctiva of VKC patients and assess their levels in conjunctival epithelial and fibroblast cultures exposed to inflammatory stimuli. METHODS Hsp10, Hsp27, Hsp40, Hsp60, Hsp70, Hsp90, Hsp105, and Hsp110 were determined in conjunctiva biopsies from nine patients and nine healthy age-matched normal subjects, using immunomorphology and qPCR. Conjunctival epithelial cells and fibroblasts were cultured and stimulated with IL-1β, histamine, IL-4, TNF-α, or UV-B irradiation, and changes in Hsp levels were determined by Western blotting. RESULTS Hsp27, Hsp40, Hsp70, and Hsp90 levels increased in the patients' conjunctiva, whereas Hsp10, Hsp60, Hsp100, and Hsp105 did not. Double immunofluorescence demonstrated colocalization of Hsp27, Hsp40, Hsp70, and Hsp90 with CD68 and tryptase. Testing of cultured conjunctival cells revealed an increase in the levels of Hsp27 in fibroblasts stimulated with IL-4; Hsp40 in epithelial cells stimulated with IL-4 and TNF-α and in fibroblasts stimulated with IL-4, TNF-α, and IL-1β; Hsp70 in epithelial cells stimulated with histamine and IL-4; and Hsp90 in fibroblasts stimulated with IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-4. UV-B did not induce changes. CONCLUSIONS VKC conjunctiva displays distinctive quantitative patterns of Hsps as compared with healthy controls. Cultured conjunctival cells respond to cytokines and inflammatory stimuli with changes in the Hsps quantitative patterns. The data suggest that interaction between the chaperoning and the immune systems drives disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Leonardi
- Department of Neuroscience; Ophthalmology Unit; University of Padua; Padua Italy
| | - E. Tarricone
- Department of Neuroscience; Ophthalmology Unit; University of Padua; Padua Italy
| | - S. Corrao
- Department of Molecular Medicine; University of Padua; Padua Italy
| | - M. Alaibac
- Department of Neuroscience; Dermatology Unit; University of Padua; Padua Italy
| | - A. J. Corso
- Italian National Research Council - Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies; Padua Italy
| | - B. Zavan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Padua; Padua Italy
| | - P. Venier
- Department of Biology; University of Padua; Padua Italy
| | - E. Conway de Macario
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology; School of Medicine; University of Maryland at Baltimore and IMET; Baltimore MD USA
| | - A. J. L. Macario
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology; School of Medicine; University of Maryland at Baltimore and IMET; Baltimore MD USA
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology; Palermo Italy
| | - A. Di Stefano
- Pneumology Unit and Laboratory of Heart and Lung Cytoimmunopathology; Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, IRCCS; Veruno (NO) Italy
| | - F. Cappello
- Human Anatomy Section; Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical, Neurosciences; University of Palermo; Palermo Italy
| | - P. Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine; University of Padua; Padua Italy
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Giardino G, Somma D, Cirillo E, Ruggiero G, Terrazzano G, Rubino V, Ursini MV, Vairo D, Badolato R, Carsetti R, Leonardi A, Puel A, Pignata C. Novel STAT1 gain-of-function mutation and suppurative infections. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2016; 27:220-3. [PMID: 26467763 DOI: 10.1111/pai.12496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Giardino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Somma
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Emilia Cirillo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Ruggiero
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Terrazzano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - Valentina Rubino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Donatella Vairo
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine 'Angelo Nocivelli', University of Brescia and SpedaliCivili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Raffaele Badolato
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Pediatrics Clinic and Institute of Molecular Medicine 'Angelo Nocivelli', University of Brescia and SpedaliCivili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Rita Carsetti
- Research Center, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, UMR, Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Claudio Pignata
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
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Esposito E, Napolitano G, Pescatore A, Calculli G, Incoronato MR, Leonardi A, Ursini MV. COMMD7 as a novel NEMO interacting protein involved in the termination of NF-κB signaling. J Cell Physiol 2016; 231:152-61. [PMID: 26060140 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
NEMO/IKKγ is the regulatory subunit of the IκB Kinase (IKK) complex, required for the activation of the NF-κB pathway, which is involved in a variety of key processes, including immunity, inflammation, differentiation, and cell survival. Termination of NF-κB activity on specific -κB responsive genes, which is crucial for the resolution of inflammatory responses, can be achieved by direct degradation of the chromatin-bound NF-κB subunit RelA/p65, a process mediated by a protein complex that contains Copper Metabolism Murr1 Domain 1 (COMMD1). In this study, we identify COMMD7, another member of the COMMDs protein family, as a novel NEMO-interacting protein. We show that COMMD7 exerts an inhibitory effect on NF-κB activation upon TNFα stimulation. COMMD7 interacts with COMMD1 and together they cooperate to down-regulate NF-κB activity. Accordingly, termination of TNFα-induced NF-κB activity on the -κB responsive gene, Icam1, is defective in cells silenced for COMMD7 expression. Furthermore, this impairment is not greatly increased when we silence the expression of both COMMD7 and COMMD1 indicating that the two proteins participate in the same pathway of termination of TNFα-induced NF-κB activity. Importantly, we have demonstrated that COMMD7's binding to NEMO does not interfere with the binding to the IKKs, and that the disruption of the IKK complex through the use of the NBP competitor impairs the termination of NF-κB activity. We propose that an intact IKK complex is required for the termination of NF-κB-dependent transcription and that COMMD7 acts as a scaffold in the IKK-mediated NF-κB termination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elio Esposito
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso' (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Gennaro Napolitano
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso' (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pescatore
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso' (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Calculli
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso' (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Leonardi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, "Federico II" University of Naples, via S. Pansini 5, Naples, Italy
| | - Matilde Valeria Ursini
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso' (CNR), Naples, Italy.,IRCCS SDN, Via E. Gianturco 113, Naples, Italy
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43
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Reale C, Iervolino A, Scudiero I, Ferravante A, D'Andrea LE, Mazzone P, Zotti T, Leonardi A, Roberto L, Zannini M, de Cristofaro T, Shanmugakonar M, Capasso G, Pasparakis M, Vito P, Stilo R. NF-κB Essential Modulator (NEMO) Is Critical for Thyroid Function. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:5765-5773. [PMID: 26786105 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.711697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The I-κB kinase (IKK) subunit NEMO/IKKγ (NEMO) is an adapter molecule that is critical for canonical activation of NF-κB, a pleiotropic transcription factor controlling immunity, differentiation, cell growth, tumorigenesis, and apoptosis. To explore the functional role of canonical NF-κB signaling in thyroid gland differentiation and function, we have generated a murine strain bearing a genetic deletion of the NEMO locus in thyroid. Here we show that thyrocyte-specific NEMO knock-out mice gradually develop hypothyroidism after birth, which leads to reduced body weight and shortened life span. Histological and molecular analysis indicate that absence of NEMO in thyrocytes results in a dramatic loss of the thyroid gland cellularity, associated with down-regulation of thyroid differentiation markers and ongoing apoptosis. Thus, NEMO-dependent signaling is essential for normal thyroid physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Reale
- From the Biogem Consortium, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Anna Iervolino
- From the Biogem Consortium, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Ivan Scudiero
- From the Biogem Consortium, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Angela Ferravante
- From the Biogem Consortium, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | | | | | - Tiziana Zotti
- the Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università del Sannio, Via Port'Arsa 11, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- the Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Luca Roberto
- From the Biogem Consortium, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Giovambattista Capasso
- From the Biogem Consortium, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy,; the Dipartimento di Scienze Cardio-toraciche e Respiratorie, Seconda Università di Napoli, Italy
| | - Manolis Pasparakis
- the Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50923 Cologne, Germany, and
| | - Pasquale Vito
- From the Biogem Consortium, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy,; the Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università del Sannio, Via Port'Arsa 11, 82100 Benevento, Italy,.
| | - Romania Stilo
- the Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università del Sannio, Via Port'Arsa 11, 82100 Benevento, Italy,; the Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli, 80131 Napoli, Italy
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Drnovšek N, Kocen R, Gantar A, Drobnič-Košorok M, Leonardi A, Križaj I, Rečnik A, Novak S. Size of silk fibroin β-sheet domains affected by Ca2+. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:6597-6608. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb01101b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Addition of bioactive glass or other Ca2+ source to fibroin changes scaffold degradation and the mechanical and protein secondary structure properties due to the reduction in the size of β-sheet domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Drnovšek
- Department for Nanostructured Materials
- Jožef Stefan Institute
- Ljubljana
- Slovenia
| | - R. Kocen
- Department for Nanostructured Materials
- Jožef Stefan Institute
- Ljubljana
- Slovenia
| | - A. Gantar
- Department for Nanostructured Materials
- Jožef Stefan Institute
- Ljubljana
- Slovenia
| | - M. Drobnič-Košorok
- Institute of Physiology
- Pharmacology and Toxicology
- Veterinary Faculty
- University of Ljubljana
- Ljubljana
| | - A. Leonardi
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences
- Jožef Stefan Institute
- Ljubljana
- Slovenia
| | - I. Križaj
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences
- Jožef Stefan Institute
- Ljubljana
- Slovenia
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
| | - A. Rečnik
- Department for Nanostructured Materials
- Jožef Stefan Institute
- Ljubljana
- Slovenia
| | - S. Novak
- Department for Nanostructured Materials
- Jožef Stefan Institute
- Ljubljana
- Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School
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Giardino G, Gallo V, Somma D, Farrow EG, Thiffault I, D'Assante R, Donofrio V, Paciolla M, Ursini MV, Leonardi A, Saunders CJ, Pignata C. Targeted next-generation sequencing revealed MYD88 deficiency in a child with chronic yersiniosis and granulomatous lymphadenitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 137:1591-1595.e4. [PMID: 26632527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Giardino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Vera Gallo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Somma
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Emily G Farrow
- Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy-Kansas City, Kansas City, Mo; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy-Kansas City, Kansas City, Mo; Department of Pathology, Children's Mercy-Kansas City, Kansas City, Mo; School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Mo
| | - Isabelle Thiffault
- Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy-Kansas City, Kansas City, Mo; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy-Kansas City, Kansas City, Mo; Department of Pathology, Children's Mercy-Kansas City, Kansas City, Mo; School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Mo
| | - Roberta D'Assante
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Antonio Leonardi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Carol J Saunders
- Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy-Kansas City, Kansas City, Mo; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy-Kansas City, Kansas City, Mo; Department of Pathology, Children's Mercy-Kansas City, Kansas City, Mo; School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Mo
| | - Claudio Pignata
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
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Strizzi L, Sandomenico A, Margaryan NV, Focà A, Sanguigno L, Bodenstine TM, Chandler GS, Reed DW, Gilgur A, Seftor EA, Seftor RE, Khalkhali-Ellis Z, Leonardi A, Ruvo M, Hendrix MJ. Effects of a novel Nodal-targeting monoclonal antibody in melanoma. Oncotarget 2015; 6:34071-86. [PMID: 26460952 PMCID: PMC4741437 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Nodal is highly expressed in various human malignancies, thus supporting the rationale for exploring Nodal as a therapeutic target. Here, we describe the effects of a novel monoclonal antibody (mAb), 3D1, raised against human Nodal. In vitro treatment of C8161 human melanoma cells with 3D1 mAb shows reductions in anchorage-independent growth and vasculogenic network formation. 3D1 treated cells also show decreases of Nodal and downstream signaling molecules, P-Smad2 and P-ERK and of P-H3 and CyclinB1, with an increase in p27. Similar effects were previously reported in human breast cancer cells where Nodal expression was generally down-regulated; following 3D1 mAb treatment, both Nodal and P-H3 levels are reduced. Noteworthy is the reduced growth of human melanoma xenografts in Nude mice treated with 3D1 mAb, where immunostaining of representative tumor sections show diminished P-Smad2 expression. Similar effects both in vitro and in vivo were observed in 3D1 treated A375SM melanoma cells harboring the active BRAF(V600E) mutation compared to treatments with IgG control or a BRAF inhibitor, dabrafenib. Finally, we describe a 3D1-based ELISA for the detection of Nodal in serum samples from cancer patients. These data suggest the potential of 3D1 mAb for selecting and targeting Nodal expressing cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Strizzi
- Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Annamaria Sandomenico
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini del CNR and CIRPeB, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Naira V. Margaryan
- Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Annalia Focà
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini del CNR and CIRPeB, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Sanguigno
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Thomas M. Bodenstine
- Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Grace S. Chandler
- Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David W. Reed
- Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alina Gilgur
- Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elisabeth A. Seftor
- Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Richard E.B. Seftor
- Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zhila Khalkhali-Ellis
- Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Menotti Ruvo
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini del CNR and CIRPeB, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Mary J.C. Hendrix
- Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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Perren A, Corbella D, Iapichino E, Di Bernardo V, Leonardi A, Di Nicolantonio R, Buschbeck C, Boegli L, Pagnamenta A, Malacrida R. Physical restraint in the ICU: does it prevent device removal? Minerva Anestesiol 2015; 81:1086-1095. [PMID: 25338282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical restraint is frequently used in the intensive care setting but little is known regarding its clinical scenario and effectiveness in preventing adverse events (AEs), defined as device removal. METHODS We carried out a prospective observational study in three Intensive Care Units on 120 adult high-risk patients. The effectiveness of physical restraint was evaluated using the propensity score methodology in order to obtain comparable groups. RESULTS Physical restraint was applied in 1371 of 3256 (43%) nurse shifts accounting for 120 patients. Substantial agitation, the nurse's judgement of insufficient sedation and sedative drug reduction were positively associated with physical restraint, whereas the presence of analgesics at admission, increased disease gravity and the treating hospital as the most substantial variable showed a negative association. Eighty-six AEs were observed in 44 patients. Quiet (SAS=1-4), unrestrained patients accounted for 40 cases, and agitated (SAS≥5) but physically restrained patients for 17 cases. The presence of any type of physical restraint had a protective effect against any type of AE (OR=0.28; CI 0.16-0.51). The observed AEs showed a limited impact on the patients' course of illness. No physical harm related to physical restraint was reported. CONCLUSION Physical restraint efficiently averts AEs. Its application is mainly driven by local habits. Typically, the almost recovered, apparently calm and hence unrestrained patient is at greatest risk for undesirable device removal. The control/interpretation of the patient's analgo-sedation might be inappropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Perren
- ICU, Ospedale Regionale Bellinzona e Valli, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland -
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Leonardi A, Labetoulle M, Ismail D, Garrigue J, Rancho L, Brignole-Baudouin F, Amrane M, Baudouin C. The Effect of Ikervis®(1 mg/mL Ciclosporin cationic emulsion) on severe keratitis in patients with dry eye disease participating in a phase III study. Acta Ophthalmol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2015.0664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Labetoulle
- Ophthalmology; Kremlin-Bicetre Hospital; Kremlin-Bicetre France
| | - D. Ismail
- Santen Sas; Medical Affairs; Evry France
| | | | - L. Rancho
- Vision Institute; Ophthalmology; Paris France
| | | | - M. Amrane
- Santen Sas; Medical Affairs; Evry France
| | - C. Baudouin
- Quinze-Vingt Hospital; Ophthalmology; Paris France
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Leonardi A. Allergic mediators in tears: what's new? Acta Ophthalmol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2015.0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Leonardi
- Department of Ophthalmology; University of Padua; Padova Italy
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50
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Leonardi A, Piliego F, Castegnaro A, Lazzarini D, La Gloria Valerio A, Mattana P, Fregona I. Allergic conjunctivitis: a cross-sectional study. Clin Exp Allergy 2015; 45:1118-25. [DOI: 10.1111/cea.12536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Leonardi
- Department of Neurosciences; Ophthalmology Unit; University of Padua; Padua Italy
| | - F. Piliego
- Department of Neurosciences; Ophthalmology Unit; University of Padua; Padua Italy
| | - A. Castegnaro
- Department of Neurosciences; Ophthalmology Unit; University of Padua; Padua Italy
| | - D. Lazzarini
- Department of Neurosciences; Ophthalmology Unit; University of Padua; Padua Italy
| | - A. La Gloria Valerio
- Department of Neurosciences; Ophthalmology Unit; University of Padua; Padua Italy
| | - P. Mattana
- Medical Service; Alfa Wassermann; Bologna Italy
| | - I. Fregona
- Department of Neurosciences; Ophthalmology Unit; University of Padua; Padua Italy
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