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Giraud A, Imbert L, Favier A, Henot F, Duffieux F, Samson C, Frances O, Crublet E, Boisbouvier J. Enabling site-specific NMR investigations of therapeutic Fab using a cell-free based isotopic labeling approach: application to anti-LAMP1 Fab. JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR NMR 2024; 78:73-86. [PMID: 38546905 DOI: 10.1007/s10858-023-00433-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are biotherapeutics that have achieved outstanding success in treating many life-threatening and chronic diseases. The recognition of an antigen is mediated by the fragment antigen binding (Fab) regions composed by four different disulfide bridge-linked immunoglobulin domains. NMR is a powerful method to assess the integrity, the structure and interaction of Fabs, but site specific analysis has been so far hampered by the size of the Fabs and the lack of approaches to produce isotopically labeled samples. We proposed here an efficient in vitro method to produce [15N, 13C, 2H]-labeled Fabs enabling high resolution NMR investigations of these powerful therapeutics. As an open system, the cell-free expression mode enables fine-tuned control of the redox potential in presence of disulfide bond isomerase to enhance the formation of native disulfide bonds. Moreover, inhibition of transaminases in the S30 cell-free extract offers the opportunity to produce perdeuterated Fab samples directly in 1H2O medium, without the need for a time-consuming and inefficient refolding process. This specific protocol was applied to produce an optimally labeled sample of a therapeutic Fab, enabling the sequential assignment of 1HN, 15N, 13C', 13Cα, 13Cβ resonances of a full-length Fab. 90% of the backbone resonances of a Fab domain directed against the human LAMP1 glycoprotein were assigned successfully, opening new opportunities to study, at atomic resolution, Fabs' higher order structures, dynamics and interactions, using solution-state NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Giraud
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), 71, Avenue des Martyrs, 38044, Grenoble, France
- Sanofi Research & Development, 94403, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
- NMR-Bio, 5 place Robert Schuman, 38025, Grenoble, France
| | - Lionel Imbert
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), 71, Avenue des Martyrs, 38044, Grenoble, France
| | - Adrien Favier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), 71, Avenue des Martyrs, 38044, Grenoble, France
| | - Faustine Henot
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), 71, Avenue des Martyrs, 38044, Grenoble, France
- Sanofi Research & Development, 94403, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | | | - Camille Samson
- Sanofi Research & Development, 94403, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Oriane Frances
- Sanofi Research & Development, 94403, Vitry-sur-Seine, France.
| | - Elodie Crublet
- NMR-Bio, 5 place Robert Schuman, 38025, Grenoble, France.
| | - Jérôme Boisbouvier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), 71, Avenue des Martyrs, 38044, Grenoble, France.
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Gagné D, Sarker M, Gingras G, Hodgson DJ, Frahm G, Creskey M, Lorbetskie B, Bigelow S, Wang J, Zhang X, Johnston MJW, Lu H, Aubin Y. Strategies for the production of isotopically labelled Fab fragments of therapeutic antibodies in Komagataella phaffii (Pichia pastoris) and Escherichia coli for NMR studies. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294406. [PMID: 38019850 PMCID: PMC10686436 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance and fast growth of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, both innovator and biosimilar products, have triggered the need for the development of characterization methods at high resolution such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. However, the full power of NMR spectroscopy cannot be unleashed without labelling the mAb of interest with NMR-active isotopes. Here, we present strategies using either Komagataella phaffii (Pichia pastoris) or Escherichia coli that can be widely applied for the production of the antigen-binding fragment (Fab) of therapeutic antibodies of immunoglobulin G1 kappa isotype. The E. coli approach consists of expressing Fab fragments as a single polypeptide chain with a cleavable linker between the heavy and light chain in inclusion bodies, while K. phaffii secretes a properly folded fragment in the culture media. After optimization, the protocol yielded 10-45 mg of single chain adalimumab-Fab, trastuzumab-Fab, rituximab-Fab, and NISTmAb-Fab per liter of culture. Comparison of the 2D-1H-15N-HSQC spectra of each Fab fragment, without their polyhistidine tag and linker, with the corresponding Fab from the innovator product showed that all four fragments have folded into the correct conformation. Production of 2H-13C-15N-adalimumab-scFab and 2H-13C-15N-trastuzumab-scFab (>98% enrichment for all three isotopes) yielded NMR samples where all amide deuterons have completely exchanged back to proton during the refolding procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald Gagné
- Regulatory Research Division, Center for Oncology, Radiopharmaceuticals and Research, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Muzaddid Sarker
- Regulatory Research Division, Center for Oncology, Radiopharmaceuticals and Research, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Geneviève Gingras
- Regulatory Research Division, Center for Oncology, Radiopharmaceuticals and Research, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Derek J. Hodgson
- Regulatory Research Division, Center for Oncology, Radiopharmaceuticals and Research, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Grant Frahm
- Regulatory Research Division, Center for Oncology, Radiopharmaceuticals and Research, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Marybeth Creskey
- Regulatory Research Division, Center for Oncology, Radiopharmaceuticals and Research, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Barry Lorbetskie
- Regulatory Research Division, Center for Oncology, Radiopharmaceuticals and Research, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Stewart Bigelow
- Regulatory Research Division, Center for Oncology, Radiopharmaceuticals and Research, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jun Wang
- Regulatory Research Division, Center for Oncology, Radiopharmaceuticals and Research, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Xu Zhang
- Regulatory Research Division, Center for Oncology, Radiopharmaceuticals and Research, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Michael J. W. Johnston
- Regulatory Research Division, Center for Oncology, Radiopharmaceuticals and Research, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Huixin Lu
- Regulatory Research Division, Center for Oncology, Radiopharmaceuticals and Research, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Yves Aubin
- Regulatory Research Division, Center for Oncology, Radiopharmaceuticals and Research, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Solomon TL, Chao K, Gingras G, Aubin Y, O'Dell WB, Marino JP, Brinson RG. Backbone NMR assignment of the yeast expressed Fab fragment of the NISTmAb reference antibody. BIOMOLECULAR NMR ASSIGNMENTS 2023; 17:75-81. [PMID: 36856943 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-023-10123-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The monoclonal antibody (mAb) protein class has become a primary therapeutic platform for the production of new life saving drug products. MAbs are comprised of two domains: the antigen-binding fragment (Fab) and crystallizable fragment (Fc). Despite the success in the clinic, NMR assignments of the complete Fab domain have been elusive, in part due to problems in production of properly folded, triply-labeled 2H,13C,15N Fab domain. Here, we report the successful recombinant expression of a triply-labeled Fab domain, derived from the standard IgG1κ known as NISTmAb, in yeast. Using the 2H,13C,15N Fab domain, we assigned 94% of the 1H, 13C, and 15N backbone atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsega L Solomon
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Kinlin Chao
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Genevieve Gingras
- Centre for Oncology, Radiopharmaceuticals and Research, Biologics and Radiotherapeutic Drugs Directorate, Health Canada, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, K1A 0K9, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Yves Aubin
- Centre for Oncology, Radiopharmaceuticals and Research, Biologics and Radiotherapeutic Drugs Directorate, Health Canada, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, K1A 0K9, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - William B O'Dell
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - John P Marino
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Robert G Brinson
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
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