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Zeng Y, Zeng D, Qi X, Wang H, Wang X, Dai X, Qu L. FHL1: A novel diagnostic marker for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Pathol Int 2024. [PMID: 39119938 DOI: 10.1111/pin.13467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Although there are clear morphologic criteria for the diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), when the morphology is untypical or overlaps, accurate diagnostic indicators are necessary. Since few studies investigated the role of down-regulated genes in PTC, this article aims to further explore the molecular markers associated with PTC. We conducted bioinformatics analysis of gene microarrays of PTC and normal adjacent tissues. Besides, quantitative real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction array and immunohistochemical staining were used to investigate the expression of the major down-regulated genes. The results indicated that several important down-regulated genes, including TLE1, BCL2, FHL1, GHR, KIT, and PPARGC1A were involved in the process of PTC. Compared to normal adjacent tissues, the mRNA expression of the major genes was down-regulated in PTC (p<0.05). Immunohistochemically, FHL1 shows negative or low expression in PTC tissues (p<0.05). BCL2 did not show a significant difference between PTC and normal thyroid tissues (p > 0.05). TLE1, KIT, PPARGC1A and GHR showed negative expression in both tumor and normal tissues. These results suggested that FHL1 could serve as a novel tumor marker for precise diagnosis of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeting Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Joint Logistic Support Force 900th Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dehua Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Joint Logistic Support Force 900th Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xingfeng Qi
- Department of Pathology, Joint Logistic Support Force 900th Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hanxi Wang
- Department of clinical pathology, Medical Research Center, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xuzhou Wang
- Department of Pathology, Joint Logistic Support Force 900th Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Dai
- Department of Pathology, Joint Logistic Support Force 900th Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Qu
- Department of Pathology, Joint Logistic Support Force 900th Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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2
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Lee YK, Rovira A, Carroll PV, Simo R. Management of aggressive variants of papillary thyroid cancer. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 32:125-133. [PMID: 38116795 DOI: 10.1097/moo.0000000000000952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim of this study was to provide a timely and relevant review of the latest findings and explore appropriate management of aggressive variants of papillary thyroid cancer (AVPTC). RECENT FINDINGS In general, AVPTCs tend to exhibit more invasive characteristics, a lack of responsiveness to radioiodine, increased occurrences of regional spreading, distant metastases and higher mortality rates. Meanwhile, each variant showcases unique clinical and molecular profiles. SUMMARY Given the elevated risk of recurrence postsurgery, a more aggressive strategy may be necessary when suspected preoperatively, particularly for those presenting with invasive features. Decision on the extent of surgical treatment and adjuvant therapy is individualized and made by experienced clinicians and multidisciplinary teams based on the clinical presentation, presence of aggressive features and molecular profile. Future studies on development of personalized medicine and molecular target therapy may offer tailored treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ki Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
| | - Aleix Rovira
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
| | - Paul V Carroll
- Department of Endocrinology and Thyroid Oncology Unit, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ricard Simo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
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3
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Iskra I, Tomaš MI, Crnčić TB, Kukić E, Hadžisejdić I, Avirović M, Girotto N. Two lymphoma histotypes and papillary thyroid carcinoma coexisting on Hashimoto ground: a case report and review of the literature. Diagn Pathol 2024; 19:52. [PMID: 38461341 PMCID: PMC10924984 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-024-01472-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papillary carcinoma is the most frequent type of thyroid carcinoma, while primary thyroid lymphoma is uncommon disease. The coexistence of these entities has already been described, and the common risk factor is considered Hashimoto thyroiditis. The two most frequent histotypes of primary thyroid lymphoma are diffuse large B-cell and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, but the coexistence of both with papillary carcinoma is rarely reported. METHODS We present a case of a previously healthy 57-years old male with rapidly growing lump on the right side of the neck. Ultrasonography revealed nodules in both thyroid lobes. Fine needle aspiration cytology and pertechnetate scintigraphy were performed. Due to the Bethesda T-5 in the "cold" nodule of the right lobe, surgery with histopathological and immunohistochemistry analysis was indicated. RESULTS Histopathological and immunohistochemistry methods confirmed concomitant malignancies in the thyroid gland: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and papillary carcinoma in the right, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma in the left lobe with Hashimoto thyroiditis in the remaining tissue. Patient underwent therapy procedures and was without signs of local recurrence or metastatic spread on subsequent follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Sudden appearance of the neck mass in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis should raise suspicion on primary thyroid lymphoma and be promptly taken in the diagnostic workup, including fine needle aspiration cytology. Pathology with immunohistochemistry is crucial for further clinical decision making. Since the standardized protocol in management of these complex patients is missing, personal approach and close collaboration between cytologist, pathologist, surgeon, haematologist and nuclear medicine specialist is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Iskra
- Clinical Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clinical Hospital Centre Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Maja Ilić Tomaš
- Clinical Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clinical Hospital Centre Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Tatjana Bogović Crnčić
- Clinical Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clinical Hospital Centre Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia.
| | - Edvin Kukić
- Clinical Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clinical Hospital Centre Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Ita Hadžisejdić
- Clinical Department of Pathology and Cytology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Manuela Avirović
- Clinical Department of Pathology and Cytology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Neva Girotto
- Clinical Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clinical Hospital Centre Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
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4
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Bhargava A, Mahakalkar C, Kshirsagar S, Bothara S, Bhawani J. A Case Report of a Metastatic Papillary Carcinoma of the Thyroid. Cureus 2024; 16:e55627. [PMID: 38586692 PMCID: PMC10995986 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Neck lumps can be a symptom of thyroid and parathyroid gland metabolic diseases, and papillary thyroid carcinoma is reported in some cases. It is commonly observed in middle-aged people with a female predominance. Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid is the most common type of thyroid cancer, originating from the thyroid gland cells. It is slow-growing and less aggressive, but it has been reported to have the ability to affect nearby lymph nodes and other organs. It is associated with the RET protooncogene, NTRK1, and MET genes. Early detection is crucial, especially for middle-aged patients. Treatment typically involves thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine therapy, with the need for hormone replacement therapy. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is an efficient and cost-effective tool for diagnosing neck swellings, leading to a conclusive diagnosis of the mass. We present a case of a 60-year-old Indian female with swelling over the neck for the past six years, which was recently accompanied by dyspnea, hand tremors, and palpitations. The ignored neck mass was found to be a hyper-echoic mass with macro calcifications and cystic degeneration on ultrasonography, confirmed as papillary thyroid carcinoma by FNAC, followed by a complete thyroidectomy and uneventful follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhilasha Bhargava
- General Surgery, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | | | - Shivani Kshirsagar
- General Surgery, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Shivani Bothara
- Radiodiagnosis, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Jayashree Bhawani
- Pathology, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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Goswami P, Patel T, Dave R, Singh G, Singh A, Kalonia T. WHO 2022 updates on follicular cell and c-cell derived thyroid neoplasm. J Med Life 2024; 17:15-23. [PMID: 38737660 PMCID: PMC11080517 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2023-0270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The latest edition of the WHO Classification of thyroid tumors was released in 2022 and incorporates novel concepts vital to patient management. Thyroid follicular nodular disease is a term used to collectively represent a wide variety of benign and non-neoplastic lesions, including both clonal and non-clonal proliferations that manifest clinically as multinodular goiter. Thyroid neoplasms develop from follicular cells and can be either benign, low-risk, or malignant. To avoid classifying all lesions under 1 cm in diameter as low-risk illnesses, the new classification method highlights the need for subtyping papillary thyroid cancer based on histomorphologic indicators rather than tumor size. Formerly known as the cribriform-morular variety of papillary thyroid carcinoma, this tumor is now more commonly referred to by its more accurate name, cribriform-morular thyroid carcinoma. Its histogenesis is unknown. Similar to the traditional definition of 'poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma' according to the Turin criteria, the newly defined 'differentiated high-grade thyroid carcinoma' encompasses papillary thyroid cancer, follicular thyroid carcinomas, and oncocytic carcinomas with high-grade characteristics linked to worse prognosis. The squamous cell subtype of anaplastic thyroid cancer has also recently been characterized as a distinct morphologic pattern. In this article, we will discuss the latest revision to the World Health Organization's classification system for thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parth Goswami
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, Gurjat, India
| | - Tarang Patel
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, Gurjat, India
| | - Rushang Dave
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, Gurjat, India
| | - Gyanendra Singh
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, Gurjat, India
| | - Anurag Singh
- King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Tushar Kalonia
- Department of Pathology, Sharda Hospital, Greater Noida, India
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Siraj AK, Parvathareddy SK, Al-Rasheed M, Annaiyappanaidu P, Siraj N, Lennartz M, Al-Sobhi SS, Al-Dayel F, Sauter G, Al-Kuraya KS. Loss of CDH16 expression is a strong independent predictor for lymph node metastasis in Middle Eastern papillary thyroid cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18559. [PMID: 37899424 PMCID: PMC10613612 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45882-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Papillary Thyroid Cancer (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer. The membrane-associated glycoprotein cadherin-16 (CDH16) plays a significant role in the embryonal development of thyroid follicles and cell adhesion. Previous studies have indicated a substantial downregulation of CDH16 in PTC. However, its role in Middle Eastern PTC has not been elucidated. We analyzed a tissue microarray comprising 1606 PTC and 240 normal thyroid tissues using immunohistochemistry to assess CDH16 expression and determine its clinico-pathological associations. We also conducted BRAF and TERT mutations analyses through Sanger sequencing. Disease-free survival (DFS) was assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves. CDH16 immunostaining was seen in 100% of normal thyroid tissues but only in 9.4% of PTC tissues (p < 0.0001). The loss of CDH16 expression was associated with aggressive PTC characteristics including bilaterality, multifocality, extrathyroidal extension, tall cell variant, lymph node metastasis (LNM) and distant metastasis. Additionally a correlation between loss of CDH16 expression and BRAF and TERT mutations was identified. Intriguingly, upon conducting multivariate logistic regression analysis, CDH16 was determined to be an independent predictor for LNM (Odds ratio = 2.46; 95% confidence interval = 1.60-3.79; p < 0.0001). Furthermore, CDH16 loss was associated with a shorter DFS (p = 0.0015). However, when we further subdivided CDH16 negative patients based on the co-existence of TERT and/or BRAF mutations, we found that patients with both CDH16 negative expression and TERT mutation exhibited the shortest DFS (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, our results suggest that CDH16 protein expression could serve as a valuable diagnostic tool for PTC. Furthermore, these findings demonstrate that the loss of CDH16 expression is an independent predictor of LNM and may contribute to the aggressiveness of PTC. Therefore, downregulation of CDH16 in PTC might be a potential target for designing novel therapeutic strategies to treat PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul K Siraj
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, MBC#98-16, P.O. Box 3354, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sandeep Kumar Parvathareddy
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, MBC#98-16, P.O. Box 3354, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Al-Rasheed
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, MBC#98-16, P.O. Box 3354, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Padmanaban Annaiyappanaidu
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, MBC#98-16, P.O. Box 3354, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabil Siraj
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, MBC#98-16, P.O. Box 3354, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maximilian Lennartz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Saif S Al-Sobhi
- Department of Surgery, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fouad Al-Dayel
- Department of Pathology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O. Box 3354, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Khawla S Al-Kuraya
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, MBC#98-16, P.O. Box 3354, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Jiang W, Yu Y, Bhandari A, Hirachan S, Dong X, Huang X, Qu J, Chen C. Budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 1 might be a poor prognosis biomarker promoting the progression of papillary thyroid cancer. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2047-2056. [PMID: 37163344 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is one of the most widespread malignant tumors of the endocrine system, with a high incidence. Budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 1 (BUB1), one of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) genes, is a multitask protein kinase required for eukaryotic chromosome segregation. Although BUB1 has been explored in several types of cancer, its biological role and molecular mechanisms in PTC remain unclear. METHODS In this study, we performed an examination of four public datasets along with local PTC cohorts and discovered that BUB1 was elevated in PTC compared to non-cancer tissues. High BUB1 expression was linked with the status of BRAFV600E , RAS, and TERT after statistical analysis. RESULTS Clinically, BUB1 is associated with a variety of clinicopathological features in PTC patients. Interestingly, analysis of the TCGA database showed that BUB1 was closely associated with poor prognosis of PTC and significantly correlated with PFS. As determined by regression analysis, BUB1, and T stage were independent predictors of PTC and were related to BRAFV600E and lymph node metastatic status. By RT-qPCR, BUB1 was considerably overexpressed in PTC cell lines in comparison with normal thyroid epithelial cells. CONCLUSION We confirmed that the knockdown of BUB1 in BCPAP and TPC1 cell lines significantly inhibited cell proliferation, cloning, and migration in vitro experiments. These results imply that BUB1 may be a significant oncogenic gene that is directly associated with the prognosis of PTC and may represent a future target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Adheesh Bhandari
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Unit, Primera Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Suzita Hirachan
- Department of General Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Unit, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Xubin Dong
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinmiao Qu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengze Chen
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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Zimmer D, Plitt G, Prendes B, Ku J, Silver N, Lamarre E, Yilmaz E, Geiger J, Nasr C, El Hage L, Skugor M, Cambpell S, Koyfman S, Miller J, Woody N, Heiden K, Joshi N, Elsheikh T, Li H, Scharpf J. Utilizing Dynamic Risk Stratification in Patients With Tall Cell Variant Papillary Thyroid Cancer. Laryngoscope 2023; 133:2430-2438. [PMID: 37159105 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tall cell variant (TCV) papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is a subtype of PTC associated with aggressive tumor behavior, advanced stage, and higher rates of recurrence and mortality. The present study aimed to test an established dynamic risk stratification tool in the TCV population, with the goal of better predicting the postoperative course of these patients. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective chart review. METHODS A total of 94 patients with TCV who underwent total thyroidectomy with radioactive iodine ablation were retrospectively reviewed from 1998 through 2020. Biochemical, structural, and overall response to treatment was determined for each patient, based on postoperative thyroglobulin levels and imaging findings. Primary outcomes were locoregional and distant recurrence, presence of disease at final follow-up, need for additional intervention, and disease-specific mortality. RESULTS Patients with TCV who were stratified as having an excellent overall response to treatment had lower rates of locoregional recurrence than indeterminate, biochemical incomplete, and structural incomplete responses (2.0%, 33.3%, 55.0%, and 85.7% at 5 years respectively, p < 0.001). The same was true for distant recurrence as well (2.0%, 9.0%, 35.1%, and 42.9%, p < 0.001). An excellent response was also associated with lower rates of presence of disease at final follow-up, need for additional intervention, and disease-specific mortality. CONCLUSIONS Although TCV is an aggressive subtype associated with worse clinical outcomes than classical PTC, patients with an excellent overall response to treatment have significantly improved outcomes when compared to indeterminate, biochemical incomplete, and structural incomplete responses. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3 Laryngoscope, 133:2430-2438, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Zimmer
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Gilman Plitt
- Department of General Surgery, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Brandon Prendes
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Jamie Ku
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Natalie Silver
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Eric Lamarre
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Emrullah Yilmaz
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Jessica Geiger
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Christian Nasr
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Endocrinology and Metabolism Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Lea El Hage
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Endocrinology and Metabolism Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Mario Skugor
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Endocrinology and Metabolism Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Shauna Cambpell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Shlomo Koyfman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Jacob Miller
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Neil Woody
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Katherine Heiden
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Endocrinology and Metabolism Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Nikhil Joshi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
| | - Tarik Elsheikh
- Department of Pathology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Hong Li
- Lerner Research Institute, Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Joseph Scharpf
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A
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Menon NN, Arora S, Dabas SK, Sharma A, Ranjan R, Gurung B, Shukla H, Tiwari S, Bhatti SS, Kumar A, Singal R, KrishnanVats A. Incidentally Detected 131-Iodine Avid Parotid Oncocytoma Coexistent with Papillary Carcinoma Thyroid. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 75:2598-2603. [PMID: 37636641 PMCID: PMC10447823 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-03804-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
131-I radioactive iodine (RAI) scan is an important modality in the management of differentiated thyroid cancer to detect recurrent or residual disease. Thus it is important to have knowledge about the possibility of false positive findings in these scans to avoid wrongful diagnosis and unnecessary treatment. We here by present a patient who underwent total thyroidectomy with lymph node dissection and followed by radioactive iodine therapy for papillary thyroid cancer. He had 131-I iodine avid nodular lesion in the left parotid gland which was later proven to be oncocytoma on histopathology. False positive findings on radioactive iodine scans are a possibility which should be known to surgeons as well as nuclear medicine physicians for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandini N Menon
- Department of Surgical oncology, BLK- MAX Super speciality hospital, Pusa road, Rajendra Place, 110005 Delhi, India
| | - Saurabh Arora
- Department of nuclear medicine, BLK- MAX Super speciality hospital, Pusa road, Rajendra Place, 110005 Delhi, India
| | - Surendra K Dabas
- Department of Surgical oncology, BLK- MAX Super speciality hospital, Pusa road, Rajendra Place, 110005 Delhi, India
| | - Ashwani Sharma
- Department of Surgical oncology, BLK- MAX Super speciality hospital, Pusa road, Rajendra Place, 110005 Delhi, India
| | - Reetesh Ranjan
- Senior consultant in Surgical oncology, Department of Surgical oncology, BLK- MAX Super speciality hospital, Pusa road, Rajendra Place, 110005 Delhi, India
| | - Bikas Gurung
- Senior consultant in Surgical oncology, Department of Surgical oncology, BLK- MAX Super speciality hospital, Pusa road, Rajendra Place, 110005 Delhi, India
| | - Himanshu Shukla
- Senior consultant in Surgical oncology, Department of Surgical oncology, BLK- MAX Super speciality hospital, Pusa road, Rajendra Place, 110005 Delhi, India
| | - Sukirti Tiwari
- Department of Surgical oncology, FHNO Fellow, BLK- MAX Super speciality hospital, Pusa road, Rajendra Place, 110005 Delhi, India
| | - Sahibinder Singh Bhatti
- Department of Histopathology, BLK- MAX Super speciality hospital, Pusa road, Rajendra Place, 110005 Delhi, India
| | - Alka Kumar
- Department of Surgical oncology, BLK- MAX Super speciality hospital, Pusa road, Rajendra Place, 110005 Delhi, India
| | - Rishu Singal
- Department of Surgical oncology, BLK- MAX Super speciality hospital, Pusa road, Rajendra Place, 110005 Delhi, India
| | - Abhinav KrishnanVats
- Department of Surgical oncology, BLK- MAX Super speciality hospital, Pusa road, Rajendra Place, 110005 Delhi, India
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10
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Vural S, Muhtaroğlu A, Güngör M. Systemic immune-inflammation index: A new marker in differentiation of different thyroid diseases. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34596. [PMID: 37543770 PMCID: PMC10402992 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many cancer types and is associated with thyroid malignancy. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) is a new inflammation marker that can be calculated from routine complete blood count (CBC). This study investigated the association between SII, a marker derived from routine CBC, and different thyroid diseases. The objective was to determine if this simple inflammation marker can distinguish between benign and malignant thyroid diseases. The medical records of all patients who underwent surgical treatment for thyroid disease between January 2018 and January 2022 were systematically evaluated. The routine preoperative CBC parameters' demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were recorded. A total of 241 patients were included in the study, and the patients were grouped as having multinodular goiter (n = 125), lymphocytic thyroiditis (n = 44), and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) (n = 73) according to pathological results. The SII was defined as the ratio of the total count of neutrophils × platelets divided by the lymphocyte count. Subgroup analysis of patients was performed according to the presence of follicular variant or thyroiditis, micro or macro carcinoma, or bilaterality of the tumor. The SII level was significantly higher in the PTC group than in the lymphocytic thyroiditis and multinodular goiter groups (P < .001). When we grouped the patients according to the presence of PTC as benign or malignant, the optimum cutoff point for SII level was found 654.13, with 73.8% sensitivity and 72.3% specificity from ROC analysis. In the subgroup analysis of patients with PTC, the SII level was similar according to the clinicopathological characteristics of the tumor. The differential diagnosis of thyroid diseases is important for patient management. We found that preoperative SII levels were significantly elevated in patients with PTC compared to those with benign thyroid disorders, and this simple marker can be used for the differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selahattin Vural
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Ali Muhtaroğlu
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Mert Güngör
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
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Ignjatović Jocić V, Janković Miljuš J, Išić Denčić T, Živaljević V, Tatić S, Đorić I, Šelemetjev S. Expression of pY397-FAK and Its miR Regulators Drive Dedifferentiation in the Thyroid Neoplasia Spectrum. Cells 2023; 12:1721. [PMID: 37443754 PMCID: PMC10340340 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid carcinomas are growing malignancies worldwide. They encompass several diagnostic categories with varying degrees of dedifferentiation. Focal adhesion kinase is involved in cellular communication and locomotion. It is regulated on a posttranscriptional level by miR-7, miR-135a, and miR-138 and on a posttranslational level by autophosphorylation at Y397 (pY397-FAK). We related regulators of FAK with histologic dedifferentiation, clinicopathological factors, and differential diagnosis in the thyroid neoplasia spectrum. We classified 82 cases into 5 groups with increasing aggressiveness: healthy tissue, follicular and classical variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), dedifferentiated PTC, and anaplastic carcinoma. MiRs were analyzed by RT-qPCR. Protein expression of pY397-FAK was analyzed by immunohistochemistry (separately in the membrane, cytoplasm, and nuclear compartment) and Western blot. All three miRs were upregulated in healthy tissue compared to malignant, while pY397-FAK was downregulated. MiRs and pY397-FAK were not mutually correlated. MiR-135a-5p was decreasing while membranous and cytoplasmic pY397-FAK increased with dedifferentiation. Neither miR correlated with clinicopathological factors. MiR-135a-5p, miR-138-5p, and membranous and cytoplasmic pY397-FAK discriminated the follicular from the classical variant of PTC. Disturbances of FAK regulation on different levels contribute to neoplastic dedifferentiation. pY397-FAK exerts its oncogenic role in the membrane and cytoplasm. Diagnostically, miRs-135a-5p, miR-138-5p, and membranous and cytoplasmic pY397-FAK differentiated between classical and follicular PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Ignjatović Jocić
- Department of Endocrinology and Radioimmunology, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy—INEP, University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Janković Miljuš
- Department of Endocrinology and Radioimmunology, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy—INEP, University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tijana Išić Denčić
- Department of Endocrinology and Radioimmunology, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy—INEP, University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladan Živaljević
- Center for Endocrine Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Doktora Subotića 13, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Svetislav Tatić
- Institute for Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Doktora Subotića Starijeg 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ilona Đorić
- Department of Endocrinology and Radioimmunology, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy—INEP, University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sonja Šelemetjev
- Department of Endocrinology and Radioimmunology, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy—INEP, University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Kim SY, Shin SJ, Lee DG, Yun HJ, Kim SM, Chang H, Chang HS, Shin H, Lee YS. Clinicopathological and Genetic Characteristics of Patients of Different Ages with Diffuse Sclerosing Variant Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3101. [PMID: 37370711 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffuse sclerosing variant papillary thyroid carcinoma (DSVPTC) is commonly observed in young patients, with a median age at diagnosis in the third decade of life. Further, the risk of recurrence is higher for DSVPTC than for classical PTC. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the clinicopathological and genetic characteristics of patients of different ages with DSVPTC. We retrospectively reviewed 397 patients who underwent thyroidectomy for DSVPTC at Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, from January 2005 to December 2017. The mean age at diagnosis was 36.7 ± 11.6 years, with most patients (163, 41.1%) aged 31-40 years. DSVPTC was predominant in women (276, 69.5%). We observed recurrence in 46 (11.6%) patients, with regional nodal recurrence being the most common type of recurrence (32 patients, 69.6%). The mean tumour size was larger in younger patients than in older patients. DSVPTC was more aggressive in paediatric patients with a larger-sized tumour, more common multiplicity, and lateral neck metastasis. Through random sampling, we selected 41 patients by age group and examined the mutations in 119 genes using next-generation sequencing. BRAF, KRAS, and TERT displayed relatively higher mutation rates than other genes. DSVPTC displays different clinical, pathological, and molecular profiles than classical PTC. The BRAF, KRAS, and TERT mutations are the most important, with age-specific differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Young Kim
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Shin
- Department of Pathology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Gi Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hyeok-Jun Yun
- Department of Surgery, Thyroid Cancer Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Institute of Refractory Thyroid Cancer, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Mo Kim
- Department of Surgery, Thyroid Cancer Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Institute of Refractory Thyroid Cancer, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojin Chang
- Department of Surgery, Thyroid Cancer Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Institute of Refractory Thyroid Cancer, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hang-Seok Chang
- Department of Surgery, Thyroid Cancer Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Institute of Refractory Thyroid Cancer, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjung Shin
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Sang Lee
- Department of Surgery, Thyroid Cancer Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Institute of Refractory Thyroid Cancer, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Tazeoglu D, Dag A, Esmer AC, Benli S, Arslan B, Arpaci RB. Is it Possible to Diagnose "Non-Invasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm with Papillary-Like Nuclear Features" Preoperatively? Indian J Surg Oncol 2023; 14:368-375. [PMID: 37324293 PMCID: PMC10267065 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-022-01696-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
There is no accepted consensus or algorithm for the preoperative diagnosis of non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) in patients with thyroid nodules. In this study, we evaluated the importance of preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in the differential diagnosis of NIFTP. Pathology preparations of 209 patients with a follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC) diagnosed after thyroid surgery in a tertiary health center between January 2010 and January 2020 were re-evaluated. Patients were divided into NIFTP and encapsulated follicular variant papillary thyroid carcinoma (EFVPTC) to compare. Of the patients, 58 (27.7%) were NIFTP, and 151 (72.3%) were EFVPTC. There was no statistically significant difference in terms of age (p = 0.46), tumor size (p = 0.51), gender (p = 0.48), and surgical technique (p = 0.78) between the groups. The probability of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) > 2 is more common in the EFVPTC group. It was statistically significant that the NIFTP group was 1.96 times more likely to have NLR > 2 (OR: 1.96, 95% CI: 1.06-3.63) (p < 0.05). However, there was no risk difference between the groups in terms of the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) (OR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.41-1.43) (p > 0.05). The diagnosis of NIFTP should be kept in mind in the evaluation of patients whose thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy results are in the intermediate group. NIFTP exhibits better prognostic findings than classic thyroid papillary cancer and EFVPTC. Therefore, preoperative diagnosis of NIFTP in line with laboratory, ultrasonography, and FNA findings will save the patient from unnecessary overtreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Tazeoglu
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Dag
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Cem Esmer
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Sami Benli
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Bilal Arslan
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
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LncRNA ATP1A1-AS1 inhibits cell proliferation and promotes cell apoptosis in thyroid carcinoma by regulating the miR-620/IRF2BP2 axis. Am J Med Sci 2023; 365:73-83. [PMID: 36002076 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid carcinoma (THCA) is a common malignancy of the endocrine system. Further understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying THCA is crucial to develop effective diagnostic therapy and improve its treatments. In this study, we intended to provide novel direction for THCA targeted therapy from the aspect of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction. We aimed to investigate the function and molecular mechanism of lncRNA ATP1A1-AS1 in THCA. METHODS Gene expression was assessed by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Cell growth was detected by CCK-8 and EdU assays. Flow cytometry was applied for analyzing cell apoptosis. The binding of ATP1A1-AS1 or IRF2BP2 to miR-620 was validated by RNA pulldown and luciferase reporter assays. The protein levels were examined by western blotting. RESULTS ATP1A1-AS1 was decreased in THCA cells and tissues. ATP1A1-AS1 overexpression attenuated cell growth and promoted apoptosis. MiR-620, which was upregulated in THCA, was identified as a direct target of ATP1A1-AS1. Furthermore, IRF2BP2 was discovered to be a target of miR-620, which displayed low expression in THCA cells and tissues. Importantly, IRF2BP2 knockdown reversed the influence of ATP1A1-AS1 overexpression on THCA cell proliferation and apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS LncRNA ATP1A1-AS1 inhibited cell growth and promotes apoptosis in THCA via the miR-620/IRF2BP2 axis.
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Li H, Lan H, Li M, Pu X, Guo Y. A new molecular subclassification and in silico predictions for diagnosis and prognosis of papillary thyroid cancer by alternative splicing profile. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1119789. [PMID: 36950012 PMCID: PMC10025316 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1119789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common endocrine malignancy. However, different PTC variants reveal high heterogeneity at histological, cytological, molecular and clinicopathological levels, which complicates the precise diagnosis and management of PTC. Alternative splicing (AS) has been reported to be potential cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Method: Here, we aim to find a more sophisticated molecular subclassification and characterization for PTC by integrating AS profiling. Based on six differentially expressed alternative splicing (DEAS) events, a new molecular subclassification was proposed to reclassify PTC into three new groups named as Cluster0, Cluster1 and Cluster2 respectively. Results: An in silico prediction was performed for accurate recognition of new groups with the average accuracy of 91.2%. Moreover, series of analyses were implemented to explore the differences of clinicopathology, molecular and immune characteristics across them. It suggests that there are remarkable differences among them, but Cluster2 was characterized by poor prognosis, higher immune heterogeneity and more sensitive to anti-PD1 therapy. The splicing correlation networks proved the complicated regulation relationships between AS events and splicing factors (SFs). An independent prognostic indicator for PTC overall survival (OS) was established. Finally, three compounds (orantinib, tyrphostin-AG-1295 and AG-370) were discovered to be the potential therapeutic agents. Discussion: Overall, the six DEAS events are not only potential biomarkers for precise diagnosis of PTC, but also the probable prognostic predictors. This research would be expected to highlight the effect of AS events on PTC characterization and also provide new insights into refining precise subclassification and improving medical therapy for PTC patients.
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Cerebellar Metastasis From Thyroid Carcinoma With Prominent 123 I Uptake But Less Impressive MRI Findings in a Pediatric Patient. Clin Nucl Med 2022; 47:1071-1073. [PMID: 35867985 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000004328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Papillary thyroid carcinoma in childhood frequently presents with locoregional lymph node metastases. The distant metastases often involve lungs and the bone, whereas brain metastasis is rare. We report a case of classic variant-papillary thyroid carcinoma with right cerebellar metastasis in a 7-year-old girl on a 123 I SPECT/CT study. A brain MRI on the same day shows a tiny millimetric enhancing nodule in the right cerebellum with no perceivable perilesional edema, confirming the 123 I scan findings.
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Marcy PY, Russ G, Saba L, Sanglier J, Ghanassia E, Sharara H, Thariat J, Morvan JB, Bizeau A. Opinion: leading position of ultrasound in decision algorithm for small papillary thyroid carcinoma. Insights Imaging 2022; 13:101. [PMID: 35670930 PMCID: PMC9174402 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-022-01240-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Yves Marcy
- Department of Radiodiagnostics and Interventional Imaging, Polyclinics ELSAN Group, PolyClinics Les Fleurs, Quartier Quiez, 83189, Ollioules, France.
| | - Gilles Russ
- Centre de Pathologie et d'Imagerie Paris 14ème, Unité Thyroïde et Tumeurs Endocrines. Hôpital La Pitie Salpetriere, 83 Bd de l'Hopital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Luca Saba
- Department of Radiology, Humanitas Mater Domini, Castellanza, VA, Italy
| | - Julie Sanglier
- Department of Ultrasound, Antoine Lacassagne Cancer Research Institute, Sophia Antipolis University, 33 Avenue Valombrose, Nice Cedex, France
| | - Edouard Ghanassia
- American Hospital of Paris, 63 bd Victor Hugo, Neuilly sur Seine, France
| | - Haithem Sharara
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Place du Pr R. Debré, Nîmes Cedex 9, France
| | - Juliette Thariat
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Institute Francois Baclesse, 3 Avenue Général Harris, Caen, France
| | - Jean Baptiste Morvan
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University Military Hospital Sainte-Anne, 2, Boulevard Sainte Anne, BP 600, Toulon, France
| | - Alain Bizeau
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sainte Musse Hospital, 54, Rue Henri Sainte Claire Deville, Toulon, France
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Functional mechanism and clinical implications of miR-141 in human cancers. Cell Signal 2022; 95:110354. [PMID: 35550172 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is caused by the abnormal proliferation of local tissue cells under the control of many oncogenic factors. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of evolutionarily conserved, approximately 22-nucleotide noncoding small RNAs that influence transcriptional regulationby binding to the 3'-untranslated region of target messenger RNA. As a member of the miRNA family, miR-141 acts as a suppressor or an oncomiR in various cancers and regulates cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis through a variety of signaling pathways, such as phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) and constitutive activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). Target gene validation and pathway analysis have provided mechanistic insight into the role of this miRNA in different tissues. This review also outlines novel findings that suggest miR-141 may be useful as a noninvasive biomarker and as a therapeutic target in several cancers.
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Zhou Q, Xu P, Ding H, Wang Y, Fu L, Wang B, Liu D. Application value of gray-scale ultrasound and shear wave elastography in differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules. Technol Health Care 2022; 30:1043-1054. [PMID: 35342061 DOI: 10.3233/thc-213137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global prevalence of thyroid cancer has increased significantly in recent years. Ultrasonography is the preferred method for differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules preoperatively and is recommended by guidelines. OBJECTIVE To assess the application value of gray-scale ultrasound and shear wave elastography in distinguishing small thyroid nodules. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 228 thyroid nodules, all of which were confirmed by pathology after surgery or FNA from January 2019 to January 2020, was carried out. All nodules were divided into a ⩽ 5 mm group and a > 5 mm group according to their maximum size. We compared the differences in the gray scale and elastography of the nodules between the two groups and the accuracy of different diagnostic methods. RESULTS The accuracies of gray-scale ultrasound and shear wave elastography in the ⩽ 5 mm group were found to be lower than those in the > 5 mm group, and the gray-scale accuracy was slightly higher than that of shear wave elastography in both groups (p< 0.05). The largest AUC (area under the curve) of elastic parameters in the ⩽ 5 mm and > 5 mm groups was found for Emax and Esd, respectively. Based on a combination of these two parameters, the accuracies of the two groups were significantly higher than those of the parameters or gray scale alone (p< 0.05) and were 84.62% and 85.48%, respectively. CONCLUSION Shear wave elastography is valuable in the diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules using ultrasonography. When combining gray-scale ultrasound and shear wave elastography, the diagnostic accuracy is obviously improved, especially for ⩽ 5 mm small thyroid nodules.
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Cavaco D, Martins AF, Cabrera R, Vilar H, Leite V. Diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma: outcomes of 33 cases. Eur Thyroid J 2022; 11:e210020. [PMID: 34981753 PMCID: PMC9142808 DOI: 10.1530/etj-21-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diffuse sclerosing variant of PTC (DSV-PTC) is an uncommon subtype of thyroid cancer. Although an aggressive behavior is often recognized, prognostic significance is still under debate. OBJECTIVES To describe the clinicopathological features and outcomes of a series of DSV-PTC patients. METHODS Retrospective data collection involving 33 patients diagnosed with DSV-PTC followed at the Endocrine Department of the Portuguese Institute of Oncology in Lisbon between 1981 and 2020. RESULTS Twenty-six patients (78.8%) were females with a mean age at presentation of 29.4 ± 11.7 years old. Mean time of follow-up was 19.5 ± 10.6 years (range 0.5-39). Histologically, bilateral tumors were present in 72.7% patients (n = 24), thyroid capsular invasion was documented in 57.6% (n = 19), 45.4% (n = 15) had extrathyroidal extension, and 42.4% (n = 14) had lymphovascular invasion. Most patients were staged pT3 (42.4%, n = 14) and pN1 (81.8%, n = 27). Median lymph nodes resected were 16. None of the patients showed distant metastases at presentation. All patients were treated at least once with 131I. During follow-up, four patients (14.8%), with persistent neck disease, were diagnosed with distant metastases, all of them in the lung. Two patients (1.8%) presented recurrent disease in the neck after being considered with no evidence of disease. At the last appointment, 18 patients (54.5%) were in remission, 4 (12.1%) had biochemical evidence of disease, 6 had structural disease, and for 5 patients disease status was considered as undetermined. There was no disease related mortality. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION Our study confirms that DSV-PTC is diagnosed more often in young patients and exhibits a local extensive disease at presentation. On the other hand, even in the presence of distant metastases, no patient died during follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Cavaco
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, EPE, Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence should be addressed to D Cavaco:
| | - Ana Filipa Martins
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Hospital da Luz, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rafael Cabrera
- Department of Patology, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, EPE, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Helena Vilar
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, EPE, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Valeriano Leite
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, EPE, Lisbon, Portugal
- Nova Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal
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21
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Zhai L, Jiang W, Zang Y, Gao Y, Jiang D, Tian Q, Zhao C. Impact of Thyroid Tissue Status on the Cut-Off Value of Lymph Node Fine-Needle Aspiration Thyroglobulin Measurements in Papillary Thyroid Cancer. Br J Biomed Sci 2022; 79:10210. [PMID: 35996517 PMCID: PMC8915611 DOI: 10.3389/bjbs.2021.10210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To study the optimal cut-off value of thyroglobulin measurement in a fine-needle aspiration (FNA-Tg) in diagnosing malignant lymph nodes and benign lymph nodes (LNs) according to the thyroid tissue status. Methods: A total of 517 LNs were aspirated: 401 preoperative LNs, 42 LNs after subtotal thyroidectomy and 74 suspected LNs after total thyroidectomy. The cut-off value of FNA-Tg was obtained from receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The cut-off value with the best diagnostic performance was then obtained by comparing different cut-off values from other studies. Results: LN FNA-Tg levels differed between preoperative and total thyroid disease (p < 0.001) and subtotal thyroidectomy and total thyroidectomy (p = 0.03), but not between preoperative and subtotal thyroidectomy (p = 1.00). Accordingly, those 443 LNs with preoperative and subtotal thyroidectomy were compared to those 74 without thyroid tissue. The optimal cut-off value in thyroid tissue group was 19.4 ng/ml and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.95 (95% CI 0.92–0.97). The optimal cut-off value in thyroid tissue absence group was 1.2 ng/ml and the AUC was 0.93 (0.85–0.98). After the analysis and comparison of multiple cut-off values, the optimal diagnostic performance was still found to be 19.4 ng/ml and 1.2 ng/ml. Conclusion: The influential factors of FNA-Tg are still controversial, and the optimal cut-off value of FNA-Tg can be determined based on the presence or absence of thyroid tissue. FNA-Tg can be used as an important auxiliary method for diagnosing cervical metastatic LNs of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Zhai
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China
| | - W. Jiang
- Health Management Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Y. Zang
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Y. Gao
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - D. Jiang
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Q. Tian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - C. Zhao
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: C. Zhao,
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22
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Almukhtar ZK. Histopathological Types of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Clinicopathologic Study. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.8059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid carcinoma that represents a set of characteristic of nuclear features in which the diagnosis is depend.
AIM: The study aimed to review different variants of PTC which has different malignant potential in correlation with many prognostic and clinical factors in Iraq.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Paraffin blocks of 227 cases of PTC were selected, subtyped, and grouped according to the malignant potential. The prognostic and clinical factors were studied.
RESULTS: The mean age was (39.29 ± 12.17) years, with female predominance (86.3%), where (55.5%) of them below 40 years, conventional variant was most common (40.1%), followed by papillary microcarcinoma variant, 197 cases (86.8%) were classified as low to intermediate malignant potential, and 30 cases (13.2%) were classified as high malignant potential. On comparison, among the tumor stages, tumor focality, native capsular invasion, lymph nodes involvement, presence or absence of vascular invasion, extrathyroid extension, and distant metastasis, there is no significant correlation between them, whereas with the tumor size, there is significant correlation between them (p =< 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Conventional type followed by micropapillary type is most common. The mean age in Iraqi patients is lower than other countries for PTC. There is no significant association regarding prognostic factors between low to intermediate malignant potential variants and high malignant potential variants with exception of tumor diameter.
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Xue J, Teng D, Wang H. Efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation for papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Hyperthermia 2022; 39:1300-1309. [PMID: 36195326 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2022.2129101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of US-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in the treatment of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) via a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS We searched the PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases for studies published during the time between the establishment of the database through October 2021. We included a 10 non-randomized controlled trial (non-RCT) that reported the application of US-guided RFA in PTMC. The sample size of patients totaled 1279. We evaluated the ablation efficacy by analyzing the volume reduction rate (VRR), complete disappearance rate (CDR) and recurrence rate of PTMC treated by RFA. We analyzed all data using STATA version 15.1 (Stata Corporation, College Station, TX). RESULTS Our pooled results proved RFA treatment significantly reduces the volume of tumors (Weighted Mean Difference [WMD] = -103.20, 95% CI: -111.93 - -94.48, p = 0.000). We also found the VRR at 12 months after RFA was 93.27% (95% CI: 84.68-101.86), and the CDR at 12 months after RFA was 64% (95% CI: 39-89%). Additionally, pooled results showed the incidence of mPTC residue in ablation area, newly discovered mPTC and lymph node metastases after RFA treatment were respectively 0.3% (95% CI: -0.1-0.7%), 2.5% (95% CI: 1.1-3.9%) and 1.0% (95% CI: 0.2-1.9%), and the incidence of complications after RFA treatment was 1.8% (95% CI: 0.7-3.2%). CONCLUSIONS US-guided RFA is effective and safe for treating PTMC. It could be an excellent alternative to the existing treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- JiaNan Xue
- Department of Ultrasound, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - DengKe Teng
- Department of Ultrasound, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
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Salh AM, Kakamad FH, Hassan SH, Abdullah AM, Hassan MA, Abdulla BA. Hobnail variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma with anaplastic dedifferentiation co-existent with tuberculosis lymphadenitis. Int J Surg Case Rep 2022; 90:106690. [PMID: 34973627 PMCID: PMC8728465 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.106690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The current study aims to report a rare case of metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) of the cervical lymph nodes with hobnail variant and anaplastic de-differentiation. In addition to the primary disease, there was a second pathology which was caseating granulomatous lymph adenitis suggestive of tuberculosis. Case report A 91-year-old female presented with a painful right sided neck swelling for two weeks, increased in size suddenly. On clinical examination, there was a well-defined firm painful right sided neck mass. On ultrasound examination, there was multiple well defined solid hypoechoic, hypervascular nodules. These resembled lymph nodes of variable size and shape, mostly in the right side. The patient underwent right lateral cervical lymph node dissection. After the operation, she was sent for radiotherapy. Discussion The hobnail variant of PTC is genetically identical to poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma in that its mutations are in the p53 and TERT promoters are more common in this variant than in conventional PTCs. The proportion of hobnail features have no effect on the outcome. Additionally, 10% of tumor cells with hobnail features were previously linked to a more aggressive clinicopathological aspect. Conclusion Although it is rare, metastatic PTC with hobnail variant could undergo anaplastic dedifferentiation. Thyroid carcinoma accounts for nearly 1% of all malignancies. The hobnail variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (HPTC) is a rare condition. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a rare form of thyroid cancer. Malignant lesions and tuberculosis coexisting at the same site is exceedingly unusual.
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Xue J, Teng D, Wang H. Over than three-year follow-up results of thermal ablation for papillary thyroid carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:971038. [PMID: 36353232 PMCID: PMC9637737 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.971038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study is a meta-analysis based on evidence-based medicine to explore the long-term (≥3 years) efficacy of thermal ablation in the treatment of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). METHODS We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for studies published during the time between the establishment of the databases through June 2022. We included 13 non-randomized-controlled trials (non-RCTs) that reported the application of ultrasound-guided thermal ablation in PTC. We excluded studies that were repeated publications, research without full text, contained incomplete information, lacked data extraction, involved animal experiments, reviews, and systematic reviews. STATA 15.1 software was used to analyze the data. RESULTS Tumor volume after thermal ablation at 3-year follow-up was significantly lower than pre-ablation (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -1.06, 95% CI: -1.32~-0.80). The pooled results indicated that the maximum diameter after thermal ablation at 3-year follow-up was significantly lower than pre-ablation (SMD = -1.93, 95% CI: -12.13~-1.73). The pooled results indicated that volume reduction rate (VRR) after thermal ablation at 3-year follow-up was 98.91% (95% CI: 97.98-99.83%), and complete disappearance rate (CDR) after thermal ablation at 3-year follow-up was 83% (95% CI: 67-94%). In addition, the incidence of newly discovered mPTC and lymph node metastases after thermal ablation was 0.3% (95% CI: 0.0-1.0%) and 0.0% (95% CI: 0.0-0.0%), respectively. CONCLUSION Overall, the long-term (≥3 years) efficacy of ultrasound-guided thermal ablation in the treatment of PTC was significant, with favorable disease progression. Ultrasound-guided thermal ablation can be considered an alternative approach for patients with PTC who refuse surgery or are unable to undergo surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hui Wang
- *Correspondence: DengKe Teng, ; Hui Wang,
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26
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Kim SS, Kim SM, Park M, Suh SH, Ahn SJ. Clinico-radiological features of brain metastases from thyroid cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e28069. [PMID: 35049229 PMCID: PMC9191371 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain is an unusual site for distant metastases of thyroid cancer. The radiological features of brain metastases (BMs) have rarely been reported. Hemorrhage is frequently noted in BMs from thyroid cancer. This study aimed to investigate the clinico-radiological features of BMs from thyroid cancer and to determine the risk factors to predict BM hemorrhage.We retrospectively evaluated the MR images of 35 patients with BMs from thyroid cancer at our hospital from 2013 to 2020. The number, size, site, presence of extra-cranial metastasis, presence of perilesional edema, intra-tumoral hemorrhage, enhancement pattern, and presence of diffusion restriction on MRI were described. We further classified the thyroid cancers into hemorrhagic and nonhemorrhagic groups to investigate the factors associated with hemorrhage.54.29% of patients with thyroid BMs (19/35) had neurologic symptoms. 94.29% of patients (33/35) had extra-cranial metastases. The most common histology of primary thyroid cancer was papillary thyroid cancer (71.43%, 25/35), followed by anaplastic thyroid cancer (22.86%, 8/35). Thyroid cancer BMs were located mostly in the supra-tentorium (51.43%, 18/35) or both the supra and infra-tentorium (45.71%, 16/35). 60% of patients (21/35) showed hemorrhage within the BMs. The strongest predictor for BM hemorrhage was tumor size (variable importance: 50).Thyroid cancer BMs exhibit a bleeding tendency. Furthermore, larger BMs are more likely to have an intra-tumoral hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Soo Kim
- Department of Radiology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok-Mo Kim
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mina Park
- Department of Radiology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Suh
- Department of Radiology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Jun Ahn
- Department of Radiology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Hirokawa M, Higuchi M, Suzuki A, Hayashi T, Kuma S, Miyauchi A. Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with Honeycomb-Like Growth: Clinicopathological Characteristics and Diagnostic Significance as a Novel Variant. Pathobiology 2021; 89:107-115. [PMID: 34823252 DOI: 10.1159/000520165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We aimed to clarify the clinical and pathological characteristics of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with unique honeycomb-like growth (HLG) and discuss its diagnostic significance. METHODS Among the 12,745 PTCs that were resected and histologically diagnosed, 28 PTC cases with HLG components (0.2%) were included. RESULTS PTC-HLG was subclassified into pure (9 cases), which consisted of only HLG components, and mixed (19 cases), which consisted of conventional PTC and HLG components, types. HLG components were histologically characterized by (1) neoplastic cyst aggregation with intervening normal thyroid follicles, (2) the cyst wall composed of single-layered carcinoma cells, (3) low papillary growth, and (4) ball-like granulation tissues. Compared with the mixed type, the pure type occurred in older people (p < 0.05), had a smaller tumor size (p < 0.0001), was more interpreted as being benign by ultrasound (p < 0.05), and had a lower lymph node metastasis rate (p < 0.005). In the mixed type, 44.4% of conventional PTCs showed a Ki-67 labeling index of >5%. All and 10.5% of the mixed type showed lymph node and lung metastases, respectively. CONCLUSION The pure type could be a nonaggressive variant of PTCs with a unique honeycomb growth pattern and tended to be clinically interpreted as benign. The mixed type is pathogenetically different from the pure type and is slightly aggressive compared with conventional PTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miyoko Higuchi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Cytology, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ayana Suzuki
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Cytology, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Toshitetsu Hayashi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Cytology, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Seiji Kuma
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Cytology, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan
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Wu J, Sun Y, Li J, Ai M, You L, Shi J, Yu F. Analysis of Prognostic Alternative Splicing Reveals the Landscape of Immune Microenvironment in Thyroid Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:763886. [PMID: 34733794 PMCID: PMC8558422 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.763886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of thyroid cancer (THCA) continues to increase in recent decades. Accumulating evidence showed that the unbalanced alternative splicing (AS) promotes the occurrence of cancers and leads to poor prognosis of patients. However, the research on alternative splicing events in THCA is lacking, and its underlying mechanism is not fully understood. This study identifies a novel prognostic signature based on AS events to reveal the relationship of AS with tumor immune microenvironment. Methods Based on the AS data, transcriptional data, and clinical information, the differentially expressed alternative splicings (DEASs) were screened out. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multi-Cox regression analyses were employed to identify prognostic results related to AS events and establish a prognostic signature. The predictive ability of the signature was assessed by Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival curve, risk plots, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Furthermore, correlations between tumor-infiltrating immune cells, immune checkpoints, immune score and prognostic signature were analyzed. Results According to the LASSO regression analysis, a total of five AS events were selected to construct the signature. K-M survival curve showed that the higher the risk score, the worse the OS of the patients. Risk plots further confirmed this result. ROC curves indicated the high predictive efficiency of the prognostic signature. As for tumor immune microenvironment, patients in the high-risk group had a higher proportion of immune cells, including plasma cell, CD8+ T cell, macrophages (M0 and M2), and activated dendritic cell. Immune checkpoint proteins, such as PDCD1LG2, HAVCR2, CD274, etc., were significantly higher in the high-risk group. We also found that the ESTIMATE score, stromal score, and immune score were lower in the high-risk group, while the result of tumor purity was the opposite. Conclusions Collectively, a prognostic signature consisting of five AS events in THCA was established. Furthermore, there was an inextricable correlation between immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint proteins, and AS events. This study will provide a basis for THCA immunotherapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifang Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junzheng Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Maomao Ai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lihua You
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Shi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Viana BPPB, Gomes AVP, Gimba ERP, Ferreira LB. Osteopontin Expression in Thyroid Cancer: Deciphering EMT-Related Molecular Mechanisms. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101372. [PMID: 34680488 PMCID: PMC8533224 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common tumor arising from the endocrine system and generally presents good prognosis. However, its aggressive subtypes are related to therapeutic resistance and early metastasis. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its reverse process, the mesenchymal–epithelial transition (MET), are key events mediating cancer progression, including in thyroid cancer. The matricellular protein osteopontin (OPN) has been reported as a master regulator of EMT in many tumor types. Although high OPN expression has been described and associated with important aspects of thyroid cancer progression, there is no clear evidence regarding OPN as a regulator of EMT in thyroid cancer. Thus, taking together the known roles of OPN in the modulation of EMT in cancer and the information reporting the expression of OPN in thyroid tumor progression, this review aims at summarizing and discussing data related to EMT in thyroid cancer and its putative relation to the roles of OPN in the development of thyroid cancer. These data provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms by which OPN could potentially modulate EMT in thyroid tumors, generating evidence for future studies that may contribute to new therapeutic, prognostic and/or diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Prunes Pena Baroni Viana
- Grupo de Hemato-Oncologia Molecular, Coordenação de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Praça da Cruz Vermelha, 23, 6° andar, Rio de Janeiro 20230-130, CEP, Brazil; (B.P.P.B.V.); (A.V.P.G.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Oncologia, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37, 3° andar, Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, CEP, Brazil
| | - Amanda Vitória Pampolha Gomes
- Grupo de Hemato-Oncologia Molecular, Coordenação de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Praça da Cruz Vermelha, 23, 6° andar, Rio de Janeiro 20230-130, CEP, Brazil; (B.P.P.B.V.); (A.V.P.G.)
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Frei Caneca, 94, Rio de Janeiro 20211-010, CEP, Brazil
| | - Etel Rodrigues Pereira Gimba
- Grupo de Hemato-Oncologia Molecular, Coordenação de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Praça da Cruz Vermelha, 23, 6° andar, Rio de Janeiro 20230-130, CEP, Brazil; (B.P.P.B.V.); (A.V.P.G.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Oncologia, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37, 3° andar, Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, CEP, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências da Natureza, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Recife 1-7, Bela Vista, Rio das Ostras 28880-000, CEP, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biomédicas, Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto Biomédico, Av. Prof. Hernani Melo, 101, Niterói 24210-130, CEP, Brazil
- Correspondence: (E.R.P.G.); (L.B.F.)
| | - Luciana Bueno Ferreira
- Grupo de Hemato-Oncologia Molecular, Coordenação de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Praça da Cruz Vermelha, 23, 6° andar, Rio de Janeiro 20230-130, CEP, Brazil; (B.P.P.B.V.); (A.V.P.G.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Oncologia, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37, 3° andar, Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, CEP, Brazil
- Correspondence: (E.R.P.G.); (L.B.F.)
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Jin L, Zheng D, Chen D, Xia E, Guan Y, Wen J, Bhandari A, Wang O. SYT12 is a novel oncogene that promotes thyroid carcinoma progression and metastasis. J Cancer 2021; 12:6851-6860. [PMID: 34659573 PMCID: PMC8518017 DOI: 10.7150/jca.62555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Thyroid malignancy is the most frequent endocrine malignant tumor whose incidence is still increasing. Mechanisms genomic variations play a major part in the pathogenesis of many types of malignancy. Synaptotagmin 12 (SYT12) is a member gene of the synaptotagmins family and SYT12's variants were shown to be associated with some malignancies. Nevertheless, SYT12's specific function and probable clinical value in papillary cancer were still unknown. Methods: We conducted complete genome sequence of 39 pairs PTC malignant neoplasm and matched non-neoplastic tissues. We found that SYT12 was significantly overexpressed in thyroid malignancy. Next, we investigated the expression level of SYT12 and the relation between clinical information and SYT12 expression in thyroid cancer in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). QRt-PCR of else 40 pairs local verified cohort was performed to confirm the sequencing data and TCGA cohort. Then, we used small interfering RNA (si-RNA) to knock down the expression of SYT12 in PTC cells. Finally, proliferation, cell colony formation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis assays were done to demonstrate the function of SYT12. Results: SYT12 is significantly overexpressed and higher expression of SYT12 upsurges the risk of lymph node metastatic and incidence rate of primary neoplasm multivariate focus type and classical histological type for PTC patients in TCGA cohort. In vitro experiments, the results of functional assays presented that knock-down of SYT12 inhibited the cell proliferation, cell colony formation, trans-well migration, and trans-well invasion and promoted cell apoptotic in PTC cell lines. Conclusion: SYT12 was a novel oncogene that promotes thyroid carcinoma progression and metastasis potential and a potential biomarker for diagnosis and treatment in PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Adheesh Bhandari
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Ouchen Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
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Podany P, Gilani SM. Hyalinizing trabecular tumor: Cytologic, histologic and molecular features and diagnostic considerations. Ann Diagn Pathol 2021; 54:151803. [PMID: 34385072 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2021.151803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hyalinizing trabecular tumors are a follicular origin neoplasm of the thyroid that usually present as an asymptomatic, well circumscribed, solitary mass. However, diagnosis of a hyalinizing trabecular tumor may be challenging especially on fine needle aspiration cytology and requires careful examination of the specimen to rule out potential mimickers such as papillary thyroid carcinoma, medullary thyroid carcinoma, paraganglioma, other follicular patterned neoplasms, intrathyroidal parathyroid tissue, and metastatic disease. We will review the cytologic, histologic and molecular features of hyalinizing trabecular tumors that aid in distinction from these mimickers with overlapping morphologic features and help ensure proper diagnosis for appropriate management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Podany
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Syed M Gilani
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Jin L, Zheng D, Bhandari A, Chen D, Xia E, Guan Y, Wen J, Wang O. PSD3 is an oncogene that promotes proliferation, migration, invasion, and G1/S transition while inhibits apoptotic in papillary thyroid cancer. J Cancer 2021; 12:5413-5422. [PMID: 34405004 PMCID: PMC8364633 DOI: 10.7150/jca.60885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The morbidity of thyroid cancer is gradually increasing, meanwhile, the average age of the morbidity population also becomes younger. Mechanisms genomic variations serve an important function for the pathogenesis of many cancer types. Pleckstrin and sec7 domain-containing 3 (PSD3), also known as EFA6R, was shown to be associated with some cancers such as acute myeloid leukemia, breast cancer metastasis, and astrocytoma. But it was unknown that whether PSD3 took effect and how did it work in thyroid cancer. Methods: We guessed that PSD3 might play an important role in thyroid cancer by consulting previous literature. Then, we analyzed the level of PSD3 expression in thyroid malignancy and the connection with clinical manifestation in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). And RNA extraction, reverse transcription, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRt-PCR) of 40 pairs of local samples were done to verify the result of TCGA. Then, PSD3 was knocked down by small interfering RNA (siRNA) for flowing functional experiments. Results: Bioinformatics and qRt-PCR analysis shown PSD3 was overexpressed in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and connected with the histological type (P=0.009) and risk of lymph node metastasis (P=0.016). In vitro assays, we confirmed that down-regulation PSD3 could not only suppress the cell proliferation, colony formation, cell migration, cell invasion, and G1/S cell cycle transition but also promote apoptosis in PTC cells. Conclusion: PSD3 promotes proliferation, migration, invasion, and G1/S transition while inhibits apoptotic in PTC and a possible biomarker in PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ouchen Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
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Abusabeib A, El Ansari W, Al Hassan MS, Petkar M, Mohamed S. First case of huge classic papillary thyroid cancer rupturing spontaneously leading to ischemic necrosis, perforation and inflammation of overlying skin: Case report and review of the literature. Int J Surg Case Rep 2021; 85:106136. [PMID: 34274758 PMCID: PMC8313845 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.106136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the commonest form of well-differentiated endocrine carcinoma. It is categorized into indolent and aggressive, where the indolent subtypes (classic, follicular) rarely demonstrate aggressive behavior. We present a classic PTC presenting with a rapidly growing huge anterior neck mass that subsequently spontaneously ruptured subcutaneously resulting in ischemia, necrosis, and perforation of overlying skin leading to inflammation. Presentation of case A 37-year-old female with no comorbidities presented to our emergency department with a neck swelling of 2 years duration that rapidly enlarged one week prior to presentation. Though the mass initially appeared of inflammatory nature, the tumor was a PTC, and she underwent total thyroidectomy with selective right side neck dissection and debridement of necrotic skin. The gross specimen revealed a fragmented non-intact right thyroid lobe mass causing pressure ischemia, necrosis and perforation of the skin. Histopathology showed a 9 × 9 × 5 cm classic PTC staged as pT3b N1b. Postoperative course was uneventful, she was discharged by the eighth postoperative day, and then she received a high dose of radioactive iodine ablation (RAI). Discussion Classic PTC is usually of a smaller size and a relatively benign course compared to other PTC subtypes and thyroid cancers. It is indolent with favorable prognosis. Although it is associated with increased risk of lymph node metastases at the time of diagnosis, it is slow growing with high survival rates approaching 95%. Conclusion Despite that classic PTC progresses slowly, it should still be suspected in neck swellings presenting with rapid and aggressive behavior. Prompt and systematic assessment is required with surgical intervention and radioactive iodine ablation therapy. Classic PTC is of indolent nature, slow progression and favorable prognostic outcomes when treated. We present a huge mass, rapid progression, spontaneous rupture causing ischemia, necrosis and perforation of overlying skin. Systematic investigations are required using US, FNA and CT followed by surgical intervention is the mainstay of treatment. High risk patients must undergo RAI soon after surgery with semiannual then annual follow-up to assess any recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelrahman Abusabeib
- Department of General Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Walid El Ansari
- Department of Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; School of Health and Education, University of Skovde, Skovde, Sweden.
| | - Mohamed S Al Hassan
- Department of General Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mahir Petkar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sugad Mohamed
- Department of General Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
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Higher EU-TIRADS-Score Correlated with BRAF V600E Positivity in the Early Stage of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10112304. [PMID: 34070605 PMCID: PMC8199205 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10112304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The data demonstrating a correlation between sonographic markers of malignancy of thyroid cancer (TC) and its genetic status are scarce. This study aimed to assess whether the addition of genetic analysis at the preoperative step of TC patients' stratification could aid their clinical management. The material consisted of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor fragments of 49 patients who underwent thyroidectomy during the early stages of papillary TC (PTC). Tumor DNA and RNA were subjected to next-generation sequencing (NGS) on Ion Proton using the Oncomine™ Comprehensive Assay panel. We observed a significant correlation between BRAF V600E and a higher EU-TIRADS score (p-value = 0.02) with a correlation between hypoechogenicity and taller-than-wide tumor shape in analysed patients. There were no other significant associations between the identified genetic variants and other clinicopathological features. For TC patient's stratification, a strong suspicion of BRAF V600E negativity in preoperative management of TC patients could limit the over-treatment of asymptomatic, very low-risk, indolent disease and leave room for active surveillance.
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Huang Y, Yi T, Liu Y, Yan M, Peng X, Lv Y. The landscape of tumors-infiltrate immune cells in papillary thyroid carcinoma and its prognostic value. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11494. [PMID: 34055497 PMCID: PMC8142931 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Thyroid cancer is a very common malignant tumor in the endocrine system, while the incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) throughout the world also shows a trend of increase year by year. In this study, we constructed two models: ICIscore and Riskscore. Combined with these two models, we can make more accurate and reasonable inferences about the prognosis of PTC patients. Methods We selected 481 PTC samples from TCGA and 147 PTC samples from GEO (49 samples in GSE33630, 65 samples in GSE35570 and 33 samples in GSE60542). We performed consistent clustering for them and divided them into three subgroups and screened differentially expressed genes from these three subgroups. Then we divided the differential genes into three subtypes. We also distinguished the up-regulated and down-regulated genes and calculated ICIscore for each PTC sample. ICIscore consists of two parts: (1) the PCAu was calculated from up-regulated genes. (2) the PCAd was calculated from down-regulated genes. The PCAu and PCAd of each sample were the first principal component of the relevant gene. What’s more, we divided the patients into two groups and constructed mRNA prognostic signatures. Additionally we also verified the independent prognostic value of the signature. Results Though ICIscore, we were able to observe the relationship between immune infiltration and prognosis. The result suggests that the activation of the immune system may have both positive and negative consequences. Though Riskscore, we could make more accurate predictions about the prognosis of patients with PTC. Meanwhile, we also generated and validated the ICIscore group and Riskscore group respectively. Conclusion All the research results show that by combining the two models constructed, ICIscore and Riskscore, we can make a more accurate and reasonable inference about the prognosis of patients with clinical PTC patients. This suggests that we can provide more effective and reasonable treatment plan for clinical PTC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyi Huang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Nanchang University, The Second Clinical Medicine College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tao Yi
- Department of Otolaryngology, People's Hospital of Yichun, Yichun, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yushu Liu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Nanchang University, The Second Clinical Medicine College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Mengyun Yan
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Nanchang University, The First Clinical Medicine College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xinli Peng
- Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yunxia Lv
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Xu J, Zhang Y, Liu J, Qiu S, Wang M. A population-based study of the three major variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:300060520984618. [PMID: 33535844 PMCID: PMC7869181 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520984618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the clinicopathological features and relative prognostic risks of
the three major variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological characteristics and
prognoses of patients with the three major PTC variants, conventional
papillary thyroid carcinoma (CPTC), follicular-variant papillary carcinoma
(FVPTC), and tall-cell papillary thyroid carcinoma (TCPTC), based on data
from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database from 2005 to
2009. Results A total of 29,555 patients were enrolled. In terms of their demographic and
clinicopathological characteristics, TCPTC had the highest prevalence of
older patients, men, patients with locally advanced stage (T stage and N
stage), and mortality, while FVPTC had the lowest prevalence in relation to
these factors. The three variants differed significantly in terms of 5-year
overall survival and 5-year disease-specific survival. Cox regression
analysis identified male sex, age ≥45 years, and higher American Joint
Committee on Cancer and TNM stage as independent factors predicting a poor
prognosis in relation to both overall and disease-specific survival. Conclusions CPTC, FVPTC, and TCPTC have different clinicopathological characteristics and
prognoses, indicating the need for different treatment strategies for these
three variants of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junming Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shenglong Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Oncology Department, Johns Hopkins Hospital, MD, USA
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Guo N, Qu P, Li H, Liu L, Jin H, Liu R, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Li Y, Lu X, Zhao Y. BRCA2 3'-UTR Polymorphism rs15869 Alters Susceptibility to Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma via Binding hsa-mir-1178-3p. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2021; 14:533-544. [PMID: 33986610 PMCID: PMC8112253 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s300783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the associations of polymorphisms in the following DNA double-strand break repair (DSBR) genes with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) risk (including RAD51 rs11852786, RAD51B rs963917, BRCA1 rs12516 and rs8176318, BRCA2 rs15869, XRCC4 rs2035990 and XRCC5 rs2440). Materials and Methods A matched case-control study was implemented to examine associations between PTC risk and the above polymorphisms. Subsequently, we evaluated the effects of the potential PTC susceptibility-related variant rs15869 on BRCA2 mRNA secondary structure and BRCA2 expression through bioinformatics analysis and experiment validation. Additionally, luciferase assay was used to identify whether rs15869 polymorphism can substantially affect the binding of hsa-miR-1178-3p to BRCA2 mRNA. Finally, Pearson correlation analysis was performed to determine the correlation between the expression of hsa-miR-1178-3p and BRCA2 mRNA and protein in thyroid tissues harboring rs15869 different genotypes. Results BRCA2 rs15869 CC genotype was associated with a higher risk of PTC than its AA genotype. Subsequently, stratified analyses came to the same conclusion in the female or age<50 population. Furthermore, we confirmed that the A-to-C substitution of rs15869 changed BRCA2 mRNA secondary structure and contributed to a decreased BRCA2 expression. Mechanistically, a significantly decreased luciferase activity verified a greater binding between hsa-miR-1178-3p and rs15869 C allele, but not the A allele, which was evidenced by the significant negative correlation between hsa-miR-1178-3p with BRCA2 mRNA and protein levels in thyroid tissues with AC and CC genotype but not AA genotype at rs15869. Conclusion BRCA2 rs15869 is characterized as a potential biomarker associated with PTC risk, highlighting the contribution of the hsa-miR-1178-3p via functional exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Guo
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Qu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Liuli Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Jin
- Jin Zhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Renqi Liu
- Jin Zhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Jin Zhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingchun Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Lu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuejiao Zhao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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Vural Ç, Kiraz U, Turan G, Özkara SK, Sözen M, Çetinarslan B. Solid variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma: An analysis of 28 cases with current literature. Ann Diagn Pathol 2021; 52:151737. [PMID: 33838489 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2021.151737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Solid variant papillary thyroid cancer (SVPTC) is a rare variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and its prognostic value is still unclear. Therefore, we re-evaluate the histopathological and clinicopathological features of 28 patients with SVPTC in the light of current literature. MATERIAL-METHODS Of the 1308 cases were previously diagnosed with PTC and 28 (2,1%) of them which had been diagnosed with SVPTC were re-evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS Of the 28 patients with SVPTC, 85.7% were female, mean age was 45.18 years and mean tumor diameter was 2.96 cm. Microscopically; tumors had a solid growth pattern amounting to at least 50.0% of the tumor volume. In all cases the tumor cells had characteristic nuclear features of conventional PTC. 11 patients had multifocal tumors, extrathyroidal extension was present in 4 patients and vascular invasion was observed in 7 cases. Regional lymph node metastases were noted in 2 (7.1%) cases at the time of diagnosis. One patient died because of locally advanced disease. Another patient is alive with lung metastases after 48 months from the initial surgery. There was no evidence of local recurrence in other patient. CONCLUSIONS SVPTC is a rare variant of PTC that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of tumors which show a solid/trabecular growth pattern in the thyroid. It has poor prognostic features such as widespread angioinvasion, extrathyroidal extention, lymph node metastasis, and distant organ metastasis. Multicenter studies involving large number of cases are needed to reveal the prognostic significance of SVPTC, with standardized diagnostic criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Çiğdem Vural
- Kocaeli University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Kocaeli, Turkey.
| | - Umay Kiraz
- Kocaeli University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Gupse Turan
- Kocaeli University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Sevgiye Kaçar Özkara
- Kocaeli University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sözen
- Kocaeli University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Berrin Çetinarslan
- Kocaeli University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kocaeli, Turkey
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AYDEMİR E, ÖZ GÜL Ö, AYDOĞAN ÜNSAL Y, ATEŞ C, CANDER S, ERSOY C, ERTÜRK E. Coexistence of Medullary and Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas Detected Incidentally. TURKISH JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.46310/tjim.882858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Thyroid Carcinoma: Phenotypic Features, Underlying Biology and Potential Relevance for Targeting Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041950. [PMID: 33669363 PMCID: PMC7920269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid carcinoma consists a group of phenotypically heterogeneous cancers. Recent advances in biological technologies have been advancing the delineation of genetic, epigenetic, and non-genetic factors that contribute to the heterogeneities of these cancers. In this review article, we discuss new findings that are greatly improving the understanding of thyroid cancer biology and facilitating the identification of novel targets for therapeutic intervention. We review the phenotypic features of different subtypes of thyroid cancers and their underlying biology. We discuss recent discoveries in thyroid cancer heterogeneities and the critical mechanisms contributing to the heterogeneity with emphases on genetic and epigenetic factors, cancer stemness traits, and tumor microenvironments. We also discuss the potential relevance of the intratumor heterogeneity in understanding therapeutic resistance and how new findings in tumor biology can facilitate designing novel targeting therapies for thyroid cancer.
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Discrimination of malignant from benign thyroid lesions through neural networks using FTIR signals obtained from tissues. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:2163-2180. [PMID: 33569645 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03183-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The current gold standard in cancer diagnosis-the microscopic examination of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained biopsies-is prone to bias since it greatly relies on visual examination. Hence, there is a need to develop a more sensitive and specific method for diagnosing cancer. Here, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy of thyroid tumors (n = 164; 76 malignant, 88 benign) was performed and five (5) neural network (NN) models were designed to discriminate the obtained spectral data. PCA-LDA was used as classical benchmark for comparison. Each NN model was evaluated using a stratified 10-fold cross-validation method to avoid overfitting, and the performance metrics-accuracy, area under the curve (AUC), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), specificity rate (SR), and recall rate (RR)-were averaged for comparison. All NN models were able to perform excellently as classifiers, and all were able to surpass the LDA model in terms of accuracy. Among the NN models, the RNN model performed best, having an AUC of 95.29% ± 6.08%, an accuracy of 98.06% ± 2.87%, a PPV of 98.57% ± 4.52%, a NPV of 93.18% ± 7.93%, a SR value of 98.89% ± 3.51%, and a RR value of 91.25% ± 10.29%. The RNN model outperformed the LDA model for all metrics except for the AUC, NPV, and RR. In conclusion, NN-based tools were able to predict thyroid cancer based on infrared spectroscopy of tissues with a high level of diagnostic performance in comparison to the gold standard.
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Wang X, Zheng X, Zhu J, Li Z, Wei T. Radioactive iodine therapy may not improve disease-specific survival in follicular variant papillary thyroid cancer without distant metastasis: A propensity score-matched analysis. Head Neck 2021; 43:1730-1738. [PMID: 33559196 PMCID: PMC8248087 DOI: 10.1002/hed.26637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy is effective in improving disease-specific survival (DSS) in patients with follicular variant papillary thyroid cancer (FVPTC) without distant metastasis remains unclear. METHODS Patients with FVPTC were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2004 and 2015. The Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox proportional hazards regression model were used to evaluate DSS. Propensity score-matched analysis was performed to reduce the influence of confounding bias. RESULTS RAI did not improve DSS, even in patients with aggressive features such as T4 classification (p = 0.658), extrathyroidal extension (p = 0.083), lateral lymph node metastasis (p = 0.544), and ≥5 metastatic lymph nodes (p = 0.599). CONCLUSION RAI did not affect DSS in patients with FVPTC without distant metastases in this SEER database study. Multicenter, prospective studies including recurrence and molecular information should be conducted to comprehensively evaluate the effects of RAI on FVPTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Wang
- Department of Thyroid & Parathyroid Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Zheng
- Department of Thyroid & Parathyroid Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingqiang Zhu
- Department of Thyroid & Parathyroid Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihui Li
- Department of Thyroid & Parathyroid Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Wei
- Department of Thyroid & Parathyroid Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Do BRAFV600E mutation and sodium-iodide symporter expression affect the response to radioactive iodine therapy in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma? Nucl Med Commun 2021; 41:416-425. [PMID: 32168263 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report on the associations between BRAF and sodium iodide symporter expressions and treatment outcomes in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. METHODS Inclusion criteria included a pathologic diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma of any stage, thyroidectomy followed by radioactive iodine therapy, and follow-up for at least 12 months after initial therapy. Events were classified as persistent or recurrent disease based on a clinical or investigational evidence of disease within or after, respectively, 1 year from initial therapy. Disease-free survival was calculated between the dates of surgery and confirmed event. Patients with no evidence of disease were censored at their last follow-up (censored group). BRAF mutation and sodium-iodide symporter expressions were evaluated using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The study included 78 patients (60 females, 18 males) with median age 36 years (range: 20-70 years). BRAF was positive in 78%, equivocal in 13%, and negative in 9%. Sodium-iodide symporter was positive in 88%. BRAF mutation was significantly associated with increasing tumor size, presence of lymphovascular invasion, classic subtype of papillary thyroid carcinoma, thyroid capsular infiltration, and lymph node metastasis. Sodium-iodide symporter expression was not associated with any clinical or pathologic characteristics. Patients with negative or equivocal BRAF had significantly better disease-free survival (82%, 3 events) compared to the positive group (41%, 33 events; P=0.02). CONCLUSION In patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma, BRAF mutation is associated with high-risk pathological characteristics and worsened disease-free survival.
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Titov SE, Kozorezova ES, Demenkov PS, Veryaskina YA, Kuznetsova IV, Vorobyev SL, Chernikov RA, Sleptsov IV, Timofeeva NI, Ivanov MK. Preoperative Typing of Thyroid and Parathyroid Tumors with a Combined Molecular Classifier. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020237. [PMID: 33440616 PMCID: PMC7827881 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In previous studies, we described a method for detecting and typing malignant tumors of the thyroid gland in fine-needle aspiration biopsy samples via analysis of a molecular marker panel (normalized HMGA2 mRNA level; normalized microRNA-146b, -221, and -375 levels; mitochondrial-to-nuclear DNA ratio; and BRAFV600E mutation) in cytological preparations by quantitative PCR. In the present study, we aimed to estimate the specificity of the typing of different thyroid tumors by the proposed method. Fine-needle aspiration cytological preparations from 278 patients were used. The histological diagnosis was known for each sample. The positive and negative predictive values of the method assessed in this study were, respectively, 100% and 98% for papillary thyroid carcinoma (n = 63), 100% and 100% for medullary thyroid carcinoma (n = 19), 43.5% and 98% for follicular carcinoma (n = 15), and 86% and 100% for Hürthle cell carcinoma (n = 6). Thus, we demonstrate that the diagnostic panel, including the analysis of microRNA expression, mRNA expression, the BRAFV600E mutation, and the mitochondrial-to-nuclear DNA ratio, allows the highly accurate identification of papillary thyroid carcinoma, medullary thyroid carcinoma, and Hürthle cell carcinoma but not malignant follicular tumors (positive predictive value was below 50%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei E. Titov
- Department of the Structure and Function of Chromosomes, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (Y.A.V.); (M.K.I.)
- AO Vector-Best, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Evgeniya S. Kozorezova
- National Center of Clinical Morphological Diagnostics, 192283 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (E.S.K.); (I.V.K.); (S.L.V.); (R.A.C.); (N.I.T.)
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Pathomorphology, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Pavel S. Demenkov
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yulia A. Veryaskina
- Department of the Structure and Function of Chromosomes, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (Y.A.V.); (M.K.I.)
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Irina V. Kuznetsova
- National Center of Clinical Morphological Diagnostics, 192283 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (E.S.K.); (I.V.K.); (S.L.V.); (R.A.C.); (N.I.T.)
| | - Sergey L. Vorobyev
- National Center of Clinical Morphological Diagnostics, 192283 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (E.S.K.); (I.V.K.); (S.L.V.); (R.A.C.); (N.I.T.)
| | - Roman A. Chernikov
- National Center of Clinical Morphological Diagnostics, 192283 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (E.S.K.); (I.V.K.); (S.L.V.); (R.A.C.); (N.I.T.)
| | - Ilya V. Sleptsov
- Department of Endocrinology and Endocrine Surgery of Saint Petersburg State University N.I. Pirogov Clinic of High Medical Technologies, 190103 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Nataliya I. Timofeeva
- National Center of Clinical Morphological Diagnostics, 192283 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (E.S.K.); (I.V.K.); (S.L.V.); (R.A.C.); (N.I.T.)
| | - Mikhail K. Ivanov
- Department of the Structure and Function of Chromosomes, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (Y.A.V.); (M.K.I.)
- AO Vector-Best, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia
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Boffetta P, Memeo L, Giuffrida D, Ferrante M, Sciacca S. Exposure to emissions from Mount Etna (Sicily, Italy) and incidence of thyroid cancer: a geographic analysis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21298. [PMID: 33277509 PMCID: PMC7718918 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77027-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
An increased incidence of thyroid cancer has been reported in the area close to Mount Etna, the largest volcano in Europe located in Northeastern Sicily. We tested the hypothesis that exposure to the emissions from the volcano is associated with thyroid cancer in 186 municipalities from three provinces surrounding the volcano (1.9 million inhabitants). We measured the angle between the bearing of the municipalities and each direction, with special focus on South-East, the prevalent direction of the plume, and conducted a regression analysis on 2003–2016 incidence rates of thyroid cancer, adjusting for distance from Mount Etna, population size, and income. A 10-degree increase in the angle with South-East was associated with a decrease in thyroid cancer rates in the whole population (− 0.67 cases/100,000, p = 0.002) and in women (− 1.54/100,000, p < 0.001), and were robust to several sensitivity analyses. Similar results were obtained for East-South-East direction. These results support the hypothesis of a potential role of exposure to the plume from Mount Etna in determining the high rates of thyroid cancer. The results need to be confirmed in analytical studies, in which information of exposure to chemicals originating from the volcano, as well as other possible causes, should be carefully measured, molecular characteristics of the tumors and taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Boffetta
- Stony Brook Cancer Center and Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Lauterbur Dr., Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA. .,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Memeo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo, Viagrande, Italy
| | - Dario Giuffrida
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo, Viagrande, Italy
| | - Margherita Ferrante
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Sciacca
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo, Viagrande, Italy
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Spinelli C, Strambi S, Bakkar S, Nosiglia A, Elia G, Bertocchini A, Calani C, Leoni M, Morganti R, Materazzi G. Surgical Management of Diffuse Sclerosing Variant of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. Experience in 25 Patients. World J Surg 2020; 44:155-162. [PMID: 31605177 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-019-05230-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To delineate the clinicopathologic features and biologic behavior of the diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (DSV-PTC) and to report its outcome. METHODS The clinical records of 25 patients who had surgery for DSV-PTC from 2004 to 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Comparisons were made to similar studies in the literature reporting ≥8 cases and a cohort of classical PTC. RESULTS There were 20 females and 5 males with an average age of 23 years (range 10-39 years). Bilateral disease occurred in 80% of cases. The mean size of the dominant mass was 4.2 ± 1.92 cm. In 92% of cases, therapeutic neck dissection was performed. Male sex significantly correlated with a higher yield of positive lymphadenopathy (p = 0.045). 62% of patients had recurrent disease. Recurrence significantly correlated with male sex, the number of metastatic lymph nodes (cutoff: 22 lymph nodes), and multifocality (p = 0.044, p ˂ 0.008, p ˂ 0.003, respectively). However, it did not correlate with the age at presentation. No disease-specific mortality occurred after an average follow-up of 77 months (range 12-168 months). The two comparisons made demonstrated a statistically significant greater tendency of the current series of DSV-PTC toward more aggressive clinicopathologic features and biologic behavior. No differences in overall survival were observed. CONCLUSION The DSV-PTC should be considered a high-risk PTC that mandates an aggressive therapeutic strategy with the intent of optimizing disease-free survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Spinelli
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Adolescents and Young Adults, Department of Surgical Pathology, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Silvia Strambi
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Adolescents and Young Adults, Department of Surgical Pathology, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sohail Bakkar
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, 13131, Jordan
| | - Andrea Nosiglia
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Adolescents and Young Adults, Department of Surgical Pathology, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - GianMarco Elia
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Adolescents and Young Adults, Department of Surgical Pathology, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessia Bertocchini
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Adolescents and Young Adults, Department of Surgical Pathology, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Calani
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Adolescents and Young Adults, Department of Surgical Pathology, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Leoni
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Adolescents and Young Adults, Department of Surgical Pathology, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Riccardo Morganti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Statistics, University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriele Materazzi
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgical Pathology, University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
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Wang J, Ding Y, Sulijid J, Zhao L, Lu S, Wang X, Liu Y. Congenital goiter with areas of signet ring cell differentiation in a juvenile giraffe: a very rare entity. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:414. [PMID: 33129336 PMCID: PMC7603664 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02637-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital goiter is a common thyroid metabolic disorder characterized by low levels of thyroid hormone, subsequent secretion of excess thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) from the pituitary gland, and compensatory hyperplasia of the glands. The presence of signet ring cells (SRCs) does not provide sufficient evidence for the diagnosis of a thyroid tumor, making histopathological diagnosis challenging. In addition, SRCs can also appear in congenital goiter. Therefore, a comprehensive diagnosis of congenital goiter is warranted based on clinical symptoms, autopsy, histopathology, and laboratory examination. CASE PRESENTATION A juvenile giraffe at the Ordos Zoo in Ordos presented with symptoms of loss of appetite, serious salivation, and slow growth rate since birth. Its height and weight were significantly lower than those of other giraffes of the same age. The animal ultimately died at 17 months of age. Autopsy revelaed that the thyroids were hard, with an uneven surface and with the presence of many small raised follicles, and dense in cross-section. Other organs were visibly atrophic. Histopathologically, diffuse follicles were irregular in size and shape in the hyperplastic goiter. Some follicles were collapsed due to lack of colloids. The follicles were lined by single or multiple layers of hyperplastic follicular cells (HFCs), some of which were exfoliated in the lumen. The HFCs were either cuboidal with eosinophilic cytoplasm and many red small granules or showed SRC differentiation, with nuclei pressed to one edge of the cell and distorted by cytoplasmic mucin that appeared as a single clear vacuole HFCs and as a foamy, multivesicular cytoplasmic material in others. Scattered necrosis of myocardial cells and hepatocytes, cerebral hemorrhage, necrosis of intestinal villi, and obvious atrophy of organs were also observed. Immunohistochemical tests were strongly positive for thyroglobulin and thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) in the cytoplasm of HFCs. CONCLUSIONS Here we present a case of congenital goiter with areas of SRC differentiation in the thyroid of a juvenile giraffe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinling Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Inner Mongolia, 010010, Hohhot, China.,Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia, 010010, Hohhot, China
| | - Yulin Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Inner Mongolia, 010010, Hohhot, China.,Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia, 010010, Hohhot, China
| | - Jirintai Sulijid
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Inner Mongolia, 010010, Hohhot, China.,Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia, 010010, Hohhot, China
| | - Li Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Inner Mongolia, 010010, Hohhot, China.,Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia, 010010, Hohhot, China
| | - Shoufeng Lu
- Ordos Zoo Management Institute, Inner Mongolia, 017000, Ordos, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Ordos Zoo Management Institute, Inner Mongolia, 017000, Ordos, China
| | - Yonghong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Inner Mongolia, 010010, Hohhot, China. .,Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia, 010010, Hohhot, China.
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Wu W, Ren F, Guo M, Yang J, Xiao Y, Liu W. Increased expression of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Histol Histopathol 2020; 35:1189-1196. [PMID: 32975307 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
CX3CL1 and its receptor CX3CR1 axis are involved in the development, progression and metastasis of many types of cancers. It has been reported that CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 expression was upregulated in some solid tumors. However, their roles in thyroid cancer remain unknown. In the present study, we investigated the expression of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 in human papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and their clinical significance. In this study, using immunohistochemistry, we examined the expression of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 in the tissues of 26 human PTC (including 17 classical or conventional (CPTC) and 9 follicular (FVPTC) variants of PTC; 15 cases without and 11 cases with lymph node metastasis) and 10 cases of nodular goiter (NG). Compared to NG, a significant increase in the expression of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 was found in PTC overall, as well as in CPTC and FVPTC separately. Higher CX3CL1 expression was found in CPTC than in FVPTC, but there was no significant difference in CX3CR1 expression between these subtypes of PTC. When analyzing their expressions in PTC without and with lymph node metastasis, an increased expression of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 was observed when compared to NG respectively. There was however no significant difference in CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 expressions in PTC without lymph node metastasis when compared to PTC with lymph node metastasis. Furthermore, when compared to NG, an increased expression of CX3CL1 was correlated with an increased expression of CX3CR1 in PTC. Our data indicate that CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 can be used as tumor markers for PTC and may be potential novel targets for cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- School of Humanities and Management, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.,Institute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.,Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Human Phenome Research (LPKL-HPR), Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Fu Ren
- Institute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.,Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Human Phenome Research (LPKL-HPR), Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.,Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Miao Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Yanjie Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology, Public Health College of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.,Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Human Phenome Research (LPKL-HPR), Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.
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Asmat MW, Ramzan MH, Ramzan F. Exogenous Neurokinin B Administration May Have a Strong Effect on Negative Feedback Loop of Hypothalamic Pituitary Thyroid Axis. Int J Pept Res Ther 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-019-09925-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Coca-Pelaz A, Shah JP, Hernandez-Prera JC, Ghossein RA, Rodrigo JP, Hartl DM, Olsen KD, Shaha AR, Zafereo M, Suarez C, Nixon IJ, Randolph GW, Mäkitie AA, Kowalski LP, Vander Poorten V, Sanabria A, Guntinas-Lichius O, Simo R, Zbären P, Angelos P, Khafif A, Rinaldo A, Ferlito A. Papillary Thyroid Cancer-Aggressive Variants and Impact on Management: A Narrative Review. Adv Ther 2020; 37:3112-3128. [PMID: 32488657 PMCID: PMC7467416 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-020-01391-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Aggressive variants of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) have been described with increasing frequency. These variants include diffuse sclerosing variant, tall cell variant, columnar cell variant, solid variant, and hobnail variant. Methods We have performed a review of the more aggressive variants of PTC with respect to main characteristics, histological and molecular features, and the consequences that the knowledge of these variants should have in the treatment of the patients. Results At the present time, we do not know the prognostic value of these aggressive PTC variants. The extent of the surgical treatment and adjuvant therapy necessary should be decided on the basis of the extent of the tumor at presentation and the opinion of experienced clinicians. Conclusion These aggressive variants should be known by clinicians, to avoid underdiagnosis, and treated according to the latest recommendations in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Coca-Pelaz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias-University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, IUOPA, CIBERONC, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
| | - Jatin P Shah
- Head and Neck Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Ronald A Ghossein
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Juan P Rodrigo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias-University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, IUOPA, CIBERONC, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Dana M Hartl
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center and Paris-Sud University, Villejuif Cedex, Paris, France
| | - Kerry D Olsen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ashok R Shaha
- Head and Neck Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark Zafereo
- Division of Surgery, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carlos Suarez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, IUOPA, CIBERONC, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Iain J Nixon
- Department of Surgery and Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Gregory W Randolph
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Antti A Mäkitie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Luiz P Kowalski
- Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology Department, A C Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vincent Vander Poorten
- Section Head and Neck Oncology, Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Department of Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Alvaro Sanabria
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia/Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación-CEXCA Centro de Excelencia en Enfermedades de Cabeza y Cuello, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Orlando Guntinas-Lichius
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Institute of Phoniatry/Pedaudiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Ricard Simo
- Head and Neck Cancer Unit, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust London, London, UK
| | - Peter Zbären
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Peter Angelos
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Avi Khafif
- Head and Neck Surgery and Oncology Unit, A.R.M. Center for Advanced Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Alfio Ferlito
- Coordinator of the International Head and Neck Scientific Group, Padua, Italy
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