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Jeong S, Kim SY, Myeong H, Lim EK, An SM, Liang H, Shrestha KK, Uddin MS, Kim Y, Yi PI, An BS, Seo S. Microbead-Based Colorimetric and Portable Sensors for Polyphenol Detection. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:36531-36539. [PMID: 39220521 PMCID: PMC11359619 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c04523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Natural polyphenols found in health supplements and drinks have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In particular, to determine the beneficial qualities of antioxidant drinks and beverages, consumers demand precise quantification of the total amount of polyphenols as on-site detection. Herein, we developed a new concept of portable beads suitable for the field detection available: colorimetric quantification of polyphenols equipped with color converting software applications in a smartphone or tablet PC. The yellowish beads contain ferric ions to react with polyphenol to produce blackish metal-phenolic complexes. It is simple to perform the detection procedure: dipping the beads in the analytical sample and out-taking a photo-converting into RGB color values and quantification of the existed polyphenol. The overall process was completed within 5 min. Compared with the Folin-Ciocalteu assay, which is a representative optical sensor kit for total phenolic content, the bead-based sensor showed a better limit of detection of 0.0415 mM for tannic acid and comparable sensing capability for a polyphenol-containing plant extract and brewed tea. The beads conserved the shape and sensitivity after months of storage or under environmental interference such as a change in the temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhui Jeong
- Department
of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources
and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Kim
- Department
of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources
and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwain Myeong
- Department
of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources
and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Lim
- BioNanotechnology
Research Center, KRIBB, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Nanobiotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology,
UST, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- School
of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic
of Korea
| | - Sung-Min An
- Division
of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, California 95817, United States
| | - Huiling Liang
- Zhejiang
A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Md Salah Uddin
- Ethnobotanical
Database of Bangladesh, Tejgaon, Dhaka 1208, Bangladesh
| | - Youngsuk Kim
- Department
of International Tea Industry and Culture, the Graduate School, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Pyong-In Yi
- Department
of International Tea Industry and Culture, the Graduate School, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Bioenvironmental Energy, College of Natural Resource and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Beum-Soo An
- Department
of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources
and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
- Department
of International Tea Industry and Culture, the Graduate School, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungbaek Seo
- Department
of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources
and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
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Zhang S, Jie RA, Teo MJT, Xinhui VT, Koh SS, Tan JJ, Urano D, Dinish US, Olivo M. A pilot study on non-invasive in situ detection of phytochemicals and plant endogenous status using fiber optic infrared spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22261. [PMID: 38097653 PMCID: PMC10721643 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48426-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional methods for assessing plant health often lack the necessary attributes for continuous and non-destructive monitoring. In this pilot study, we present a novel technique utilizing a customized fiber optic probe based on attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) with a contact force control unit for non-invasive and continuous plant health monitoring. We also developed a normalized difference mid-infrared reflectance index through statistical analysis of spectral features, enabling differentiation of drought and age conditions in plants. Our research aims to characterize phytochemicals and plant endogenous status optically, addressing the need for improved analytical measurement methods for in situ plant health assessment. The probe configuration was optimized with a triple-loop tip and a 3 N contact force, allowing sensitive measurements while minimizing leaf damage. By combining polycrystalline and chalcogenide fiber probes, a comprehensive wavenumber range analysis (4000-900 cm-1) was achieved. Results revealed significant variations in phytochemical composition among plant species, for example, red spinach with the highest polyphenolic content and green kale with the highest lignin content. Petioles displayed higher lignin and cellulose absorbance values compared to veins. The technique effectively monitored drought stress on potted green bok choy plants in situ, facilitating the quantification of changes in water content, antioxidant activity, lignin, and cellulose levels. This research represents the first demonstration of the potential of fiber optic ATR-FTIR probes for non-invasive and rapid plant health measurements, providing insights into plant health and advancements in quantitative monitoring for indoor farming practices, bioanalytical chemistry, and environmental sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyan Zhang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Randall Ang Jie
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, #07-01 Nanos, Singapore, 138669, Republic of Singapore
| | - Mark Ju Teng Teo
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, #07-01 Nanos, Singapore, 138669, Republic of Singapore
| | - Valerie Teo Xinhui
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, #07-01 Nanos, Singapore, 138669, Republic of Singapore
| | - Sally Shuxian Koh
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, 1 Research Link, Singapore, 117604, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117558, Republic of Singapore
| | - Javier Jingheng Tan
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, 1 Research Link, Singapore, 117604, Republic of Singapore
| | - Daisuke Urano
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, 1 Research Link, Singapore, 117604, Republic of Singapore.
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117558, Republic of Singapore.
| | - U S Dinish
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore.
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, #07-01 Nanos, Singapore, 138669, Republic of Singapore.
| | - Malini Olivo
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore.
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, #07-01 Nanos, Singapore, 138669, Republic of Singapore.
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Flores-Estrada J, Cano-Martínez A, Vargas-González Á, Castrejón-Téllez V, Cornejo-Garrido J, Martínez-Rosas M, Guarner-Lans V, Rubio-Ruíz ME. Hepatoprotective Mechanisms Induced by Spinach Methanolic Extract in Rats with Hyperglycemia-An Immunohistochemical Analysis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2013. [PMID: 38001866 PMCID: PMC10669258 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12112013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinach methanolic extract (SME) has a hepatoprotective effect due to its polyphenolic antioxidants; however, its action in parenchymal (PQ) and non-parenchymal (nPQ) cells remains unknown. This study investigates the hepatoprotective effect of SME on streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic rats (STZ), focusing on immunohistochemical analyses. Methods: The extract was prepared, and the total polyphenols and antioxidant activity were quantified. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 8): normoglycemic rats (NG), STZ-induced hyperglycemic (STZ), STZ treated with 400 mg/kg SME (STZ-SME), and NG treated with SME (SME) for 12 weeks. Serum liver transaminases and lipid peroxidation levels in tissue were determined. The distribution pattern and relative levels of markers related to oxidative stress [reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase-1, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase-1], of cytoprotective molecules [nuclear NRF2 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)], of inflammatory mediators [nuclear NF-κB, TNF-α], proliferation (PCNA), and of fibrogenesis markers [TGF-β, Smad2/3, MMP-9, and TIMP1] were evaluated. Results: SME had antioxidant capacity, and it lowered serum transaminase levels in STZ-SME compared to STZ. It reduced NOX4 staining, and lipid peroxidation levels were related to low formation of ROS. In STZ-SME, the immunostaining for antioxidant enzymes increased in nPQ cells compared to STZ. However, enzymes were also localized in extra and intracellular vesicles in STZ. Nuclear NRF2 staining and HO-1 expression in PQ and nPQ were higher in STZ-SME than in STZ. Inflammatory factors were decreased in STZ-SME and were related to the percentage decrease in NF-κB nuclear staining in nPQ cells. Similarly, TGF-β (in the sinusoids) and MMP-9 (in nPQ) were increased in the STZ-SME group compared to the other groups; however, staining for CTGF, TIMP1, and Smad2/3 was lower. Conclusions: SME treatment in hyperglycemic rats induced by STZ may have hepatoprotective properties due to its scavenger capacity and the regulation of differential expression of antioxidant enzymes between the PQ and nPQ cells, reducing inflammatory and fibrogenic biomarkers in liver tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Agustina Cano-Martínez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.C.-M.); (Á.V.-G.); (V.C.-T.); (M.M.-R.); (V.G.-L.); (M.E.R.-R.)
| | - Álvaro Vargas-González
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.C.-M.); (Á.V.-G.); (V.C.-T.); (M.M.-R.); (V.G.-L.); (M.E.R.-R.)
| | - Vicente Castrejón-Téllez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.C.-M.); (Á.V.-G.); (V.C.-T.); (M.M.-R.); (V.G.-L.); (M.E.R.-R.)
| | - Jorge Cornejo-Garrido
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Productos Naturales, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía (ENMH), Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07320, Mexico;
| | - Martín Martínez-Rosas
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.C.-M.); (Á.V.-G.); (V.C.-T.); (M.M.-R.); (V.G.-L.); (M.E.R.-R.)
| | - Verónica Guarner-Lans
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.C.-M.); (Á.V.-G.); (V.C.-T.); (M.M.-R.); (V.G.-L.); (M.E.R.-R.)
| | - María Esther Rubio-Ruíz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.C.-M.); (Á.V.-G.); (V.C.-T.); (M.M.-R.); (V.G.-L.); (M.E.R.-R.)
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Sarkar T, Salauddin M, Roy S, Chakraborty R, Rebezov M, Shariati MA, Thiruvengadam M, Rengasamy KRR. Underutilized green leafy vegetables: frontier in fortified food development and nutrition. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:11679-11733. [PMID: 35816152 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2095555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
From the ancient period, Green leafy vegetables (GLV) are part of the daily diet and were believed to have several health beneficial properties. Later it has been proved that GLV has outstanding nutritional value and can be used for medicinal benefits. GLV is particularly rich in minerals like iron, calcium, and zinc. These are also rich in vitamins like beta carotene, vitamin E, K, B and vitamin C. In addition, some anti-nutritional elements in GLV can be reduced if it is grown properly and processed properly before consumption. Tropical countries have a wide variety of these green plants such as Red Spinach, Amaranth, Malabar Spinach, Taro Leaf, Fenugreek leaf, Bengal Gram Leaves, Radish Leaves, Mustard Leaves, and many more. This review focuses on listing this wide range of GLVs (in total 54 underutilized GLVs) and their compositions in a comparative manner. GLV also possesses medicinal activities due to its rich bioactive and nutritional potential. Different processing techniques may alter the nutritional and bioactive potential of the GLVs significantly. The GLVs have been considered a food fortification agent, though not explored widely. All of these findings suggest that increasing GLV consumption could provide nutritional requirements necessary for proper growth as well as adequate protection against diseases caused by malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmay Sarkar
- Department of Food Processing Technology, Malda Polytechnic, West Bengal State Council of Technical Education, West Bengal, India
| | - Molla Salauddin
- Department of Food Processing Technology, Mir Madan Mohanlal Government Polytechnic, West Bengal State Council of Technical Education, West Bengal, India
| | - Sarita Roy
- Department of Food Processing and Biochemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Runu Chakraborty
- Department of Food Processing and Biochemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Maksim Rebezov
- Department of Scientific Research, V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- Department of Scientific Research, K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of technologies and management, The First Cossack University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kannan R R Rengasamy
- Centre for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Surfactant-Enhanced Extraction of Lutein from Marigold Petals using an Aqueous Two-Phase System. SEPARATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/separations10020133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The extraction of lutein from marigold petals using a surfactant-based aqueous two-phase system is reported. In this work, the effectiveness of the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of surfactants on extraction performance for the extraction of lutein from marigold petal powder was demonstrated using aqueous solutions of a wide range of non-ionic surfactants. The response surface methodology was applied to obtain optimised conditions for maximum extraction of lutein. At the optimised conditions (Temperature = 37.5 °C, S/L = 0.00375, and surfactant amount = 1.5% (v/v)), 12.12 ± 0.16 mg/g of lutein was obtained. Furthermore, the surface morphology of marigold petal powder (MPP) was analysed using SEM micrographs. Significant changes in surface morphology were observed which suggested better access of surfactant solution to the targeted biomolecule implanted in the matrix. Finally, the antioxidant activity of the obtained lutein extract was analysed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Results suggest that the antioxidant activity of the lutein extract obtained by the surfactant-based system is more than that of the lutein extract obtained by organic solvents. The aforementioned results suggest that the lutein can be extracted using a surfactant-based aqueous two-phase system (ATPS).
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Czarnowska-Kujawska M, Draszanowska A, Starowicz M. Effect of different cooking methods on the folate content, organoleptic and functional properties of broccoli and spinach. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ephraim E, Brockman JA, Jewell DE. A Diet Supplemented with Polyphenols, Prebiotics and Omega-3 Fatty Acids Modulates the Intestinal Microbiota and Improves the Profile of Metabolites Linked with Anxiety in Dogs. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11070976. [PMID: 36101356 PMCID: PMC9312346 DOI: 10.3390/biology11070976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary This study used a nutrition-based approach to examine the effects of foods supplemented with fish oil and a polyphenol blend (citrus pulp, carrot, and spinach) with or without added tomato pomace on anxiety-related biomarkers in dogs. First, all dogs consumed the same initial food, then either the control or test (with tomato pomace) foods, then the washout food, then switched over to the test or control foods, each for 30-day periods. Many more changes in plasma and fecal metabolites were observed when comparing the washout food with the control or test foods than when the control and test foods were compared. Plasma levels of several metabolites that were previously associated with anxiety disorders, including 4-ethylphenyl sulfate, were decreased with the control or test foods compared with the washout food. In addition, bacterial genera that are decreased in the feces of those with anxiety-like disorders were increased following the consumption of the control or test foods. Overall, these data indicate that foods supplemented with omega-3 fatty acids and selected fiber and polyphenol sources lead to beneficial changes in anxiety-related metabolites and gut bacteria. Abstract A nutrition-based approach was utilized to examine the effects of fish oil and a polyphenol blend (with or without tomato pomace) on the fecal microbiota and plasma/fecal metabolomes. Forty dogs, aged 5–14 years, were fed a washout food, then randomized to consume a control (fish oil and polyphenol blend without tomato pomace) or test (fish oil and polyphenol blend with tomato pomace) food, then the washout food, and crossed over to consume the test or control food; each for 30 days. Several metabolites differed when comparing consumption of the washout with either the control or test foods, but few changed significantly between the test and control foods. Plasma levels of 4-ethylphenyl sulfate (4-EPS), a metabolite associated with anxiety disorders, demonstrated the largest decrease between the washout food and the control/test foods. Plasma 4-EPS levels were also significantly lower after dogs ate the test food compared with the control food. Other plasma metabolites linked with anxiety disorders were decreased following consumption of the control/test foods. Significant increases in Blautia, Parabacteroides, and Odoribacter in the fecal microbiota correlated with decreases in 4-EPS when dogs ate the control/test foods. These data indicate that foods supplemented with polyphenols and omega-3 fatty acids can modulate the gut microbiota to improve the profile of anxiety-linked metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eden Ephraim
- Pet Nutrition Center, Hill’s Pet Nutrition, Topeka, KS 66617, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Dennis E. Jewell
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA;
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Ortega-Hernández E, Antunes-Ricardo M, Cisneros-Zevallos L, Jacobo-Velázquez DA. Selenium, Sulfur, and Methyl Jasmonate Treatments Improve the Accumulation of Lutein and Glucosinolates in Kale Sprouts. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11091271. [PMID: 35567272 PMCID: PMC9100039 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Kale sprouts contain health-promoting compounds that could be increased by applying plant nutrients or exogenous phytohormones during pre-harvest. The effects of selenium (Se), sulfur (S), and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on lutein, glucosinolate, and phenolic accumulation were assessed in kale sprouts. Red Russian and Dwarf Green kale were chamber-grown using different treatment concentrations of Se (10, 20, 40 mg/L), S (30, 60, 120 mg/L), and MeJA (25, 50, 100 µM). Sprouts were harvested every 24 h for 7 days to identify and quantify phytochemicals. The highest lutein accumulation occurred 7 days after S 120 mg/L (178%) and Se 40 mg/L (199%) treatments in Red Russian and Dwarf Green kale sprouts, respectively. MeJA treatment decreased the level of most phenolic levels, except for kaempferol and quercetin, where increases were higher than 70% for both varieties when treated with MeJA 25 µM. The most effective treatment for glucosinolate accumulation was S 120 mg/L in the Red Russian kale variety at 7 days of germination, increasing glucoraphanin (262.4%), glucoerucin (510.8%), 4-methoxy-glucobrassicin (430.7%), and glucoiberin (1150%). Results show that kales treated with Se, S, and MeJA could be used as a functional food for fresh consumption or as raw materials for different industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Ortega-Hernández
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, The Institute for Obesity Research, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, N.L., Mexico;
| | - Marilena Antunes-Ricardo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, The Institute for Obesity Research, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, N.L., Mexico;
| | - Luis Cisneros-Zevallos
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
| | - Daniel A. Jacobo-Velázquez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, The Institute for Obesity Research, Ave. General Ramón Corona 2514, Zapopan 45201, Jal, Mexico
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Tasneem R, Khan HMS, Zaka HS, Khan P. Development and cosmeceutical evaluation of topical emulgel containing Albizia lebbeck bark extract. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 21:1588-1595. [PMID: 34021684 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antioxidants are widely used in cosmetic products as they have beneficial effects on skin and prevent skin from harmful effects of environment. Albizia lebbeck has a significant potential to be used in cosmeceuticals due to its antioxidant activity. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to formulate a stable and effective o/w emulsion-based emulgel containing Albizia lebbeck bark extract, which have considerable antioxidant activity. METHODOLOGY Antioxidant activity of Albizia lebbeck bark extract was determined by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method. Emulgel containing 3% extract was developed by mixing o/w emulsion in Carbopol gel along with a placebo emulgel without extract (base). In vitro evaluation of these emulgels, that is, liquefaction, color, phase separation, centrifugation, and pH change were carried out for a period of 8 weeks at different storage conditions, that is, 8ºC, 25ºC, 40ºC, and 40ºC & 75% relative humidity (RH). In vivo evaluation of emulgels was carried out on 13 healthy female volunteers by measuring various parameters of skin, that is, melanin level, erythema level, moisture content, sebum content, and elasticity at regular time intervals after applying emulgel (both base and test formulation) for 8 weeks. RESULTS Antioxidant activity of Albizia lebbeck bark extract was 84.7%. Both emulgels (base and test formulation) were stable at all storage conditions. Statistical analysis showed that test formulation produced significant effects (p < 0.05) on melanin, erythema level, moisture content, sebum level, and elasticity of skin. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that a stable topical emulgel containing 3% Albizia lebbeck bark extract has significant antioxidant effects on human skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Tasneem
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Haji Muhammad Shoaib Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Saqib Zaka
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Palwasha Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Extract from Broccoli Byproducts to Increase Fresh Filled Pasta Shelf Life. Foods 2019; 8:foods8120621. [PMID: 31783614 PMCID: PMC6963820 DOI: 10.3390/foods8120621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of extract from broccoli byproducts, as a green alternative to chemical preservation strategies for fresh filled pasta. In order to prove its effectiveness, three different percentages (10%, 15%, and 20% v/w) of extract were added to the filling of pasta. A shelf life test was carried out by monitoring microbiological and sensory quality. The content of phenolic compounds before and after in vitro digestion of pasta samples was also recorded. Results underlined that the addition of the natural extract helped to record a final shelf life of about 24 days, that was 18 days longer in respect to the control sample. Furthermore, results highlighted that the addition of byproducts extract to pasta also increased its phenolic content after in vitro digestion. Therefore, broccoli byproducts could be valorized for recording extracts that are able to prolong shelf life and increase the nutritional content of fresh filled pasta.
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Leite AC, Ferreira AM, Morais ES, Khan I, Freire MG, Coutinho JAP. Cloud point extraction of chlorophylls from spinach leaves using aqueous solutions of non-ionic surfactants. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2018; 6:590-599. [PMID: 30271686 PMCID: PMC6161820 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b02931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophylls and their derivatives are currently used in a wide range of applications. To replace the volatile organic solvents commonly applied for their extraction from biomass, aqueous solutions of non-ionic surfactants are studied herein in the extraction of chlorophylls from spinach leaves. Aqueous solutions of several surfactants were screened, demonstrating that their hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) plays the pivotal role on the extraction performance, with the best results obtained for surfactants with a HLB ranging between 10 and 13. A response surface methodology (RSM) was then used to optimize operational conditions (surfactant concentration, solid-liquid ratio and temperature), leading to a maximum extraction yield of chlorophylls of 0.94 mg/g. After the extraction step, the chlorophylls-rich extract was concentrated by heating above the surfactant-water cloud point, leading to the separation into two-phases, and to a concentration factor of 9 and a recovery of 97% of chlorophylls in the surfactant-rich phase. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was finally appraised, showing that the antioxidant activity of the aqueous chlorophylls-rich extracts is higher than that obtained with volatile organic solvents. The obtained results show the potential of aqueous solutions of non-ionic surfactants to extract highly hydrophobic compounds from biomass and their possible direct use in cosmetic and nutraceutical applications, without requiring an additional recovery or purification step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cláudia Leite
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana M. Ferreira
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Eduarda S. Morais
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P.C. 123 Al-Khod, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Mara G. Freire
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João A. P. Coutinho
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Ma Z, Li S, Fang G, Patil N, Yan N. Modification of chemical reactivity of enzymatic hydrolysis lignin by ultrasound treatment in dilute alkaline solutions. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 93:1279-1284. [PMID: 27693747 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.09.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we have explored various ultrasound treatment conditions for structural modification of enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (EHL) for enhanced chemical reactivity. The key structural modifications were characterized by using a combination of analytical methods, including, Fourier Transform-Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR), Gel permeation chromatography (GPC), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Folin-Ciocalteu (F-C) method. Chemical reactivity of the modified EHL samples was determined by both 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity and their reactivity towards formaldehyde. It was observed that the modified EHL had a higher phenolic hydroxyl group content, a lower molecular weight, a higher reactivity towards formaldehyde, and a greater antioxidant property. The higher reactivity demonstrated by the samples after treatment suggesting that ultrasound is a promising method for modifying enzymatic hydrolysis lignin for value-added applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoming Ma
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Shujun Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China.
| | - Guizhen Fang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Nikhil Patil
- Faculty of Forestry and Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3B3, Canada
| | - Ning Yan
- Faculty of Forestry and Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3B3, Canada.
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Bystrická J, Musilová J, Tomáš J, Kavalcová P, Lenková M, Tóthová K. Varietal dependence of chemoprotective substances in fresh and frozen spinach (Spinacia oleracea, L.). POTRAVINARSTVO 2015. [DOI: 10.5219/519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) is an important source of bioactive compounds. It is commonly consumed fresh or frozen products. Spinach is rich sources of polyphenols, it is a good source of vitamin C and has potential beneficial properties for human health. This study provides some knowledge about content of total polyphenols, and antioxidant activity in selected varieties of fresh and frozen spinach samples. Four spinach cultivars (̓Boa ̓, ̓ Hudson ̓, ̓Chica ̓, ̓Trombone ̓) were analysed. The content of the total polyphenols (TPC) was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent (FCR). Antioxidant activity (AA) was measured using a compound DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). The content of total polyhenols in fresh samples of spinach ranged from 975 ±97.15 mg.kg-1 to 1493 ±50.42 mg.kg-1 and values of antioxidant activity were in interval from 77.55 ±0.34% to 82.57 ±0.83%. The highest level of TP content in fresh spinach was recorded in variety Hudson (1493 mg.kg-1) and the lowest in variety Chica (975 mg.kg-1). Between these varieties statistically significant difference in the content of total polyphenols was found. The highest value of antioxidant activity in fresh spinach was recorded in variety Trombone (82.57%) and the lowest in variety Boa (78.59%). This difference was also statistically significant. The highest level of TP content in frozen spinach samples was found in variety Hudson (1749 mg.kg-1) and the lowest in variety Chica (855 mg.kg-1). The values of antioxidant activity in frozen spinach samples were in range from 45.86 ±7.84%to 79.67 ±0.88%. The highest value of antioxidant activity in frozen spinach was found in variety Hudson (79.67%) and the lowest in variety Chica (45.86%).
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Nahak G, Suar M, Sahu RK. Antioxidant Potential and Nutritional Values of Vegetables: A Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.3923/rjmp.2014.50.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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