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Kostić AŽ, Dramićanin AM, Milinčić DD, Pešić MB. Exploring the Botanical Origins of Bee-Collected Pollen: A Comprehensive Historical and Contemporary Analysis. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400194. [PMID: 38717321 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Bee-collected pollen is one of the most important bee products. In order to predict its chemical composition and nutritional value botanical origin of pollen plays a crucial role. This review intended to collect all available data published about botanical origin of pollen collected all around the world. Due to enourmous amount of data and variables nonlinear principal component analysis (NLPCA), by applying Categorical Principal Component Analysis (CATPCA), was conducted in order to try to determine any specifity and/or differences among samples. Also, importance of some plant families/genera/species for bees was monitored. Based on CATPCA results families can serve in order to distinct samples from North/South America. Also, some samples from Europe (Turkey and Serbia) were characterized with presence of some specific families. Genera were excellent tool to distinguish samples from different parts of Brazil as well as Australia, Asia and Africa. Due to high and specific biodiversity pollen samples obtained from Sonoran desert (USA) completely were separated during analysis. This review presents the first attempt to summarize and classify a large number of data about botanical sources of bee-collected pollen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Ž Kostić
- Chair of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra M Dramićanin
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijel D Milinčić
- Chair of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana B Pešić
- Chair of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
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2
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Aziza N, Khaydarov K, Zafar M, Alsakkaf WAA, Alkahtani J, Ahmad M, Makhkamov T, Djumayeva Z, Zengin G, Eshboyevich TK, Beilerli A, Gareev I, Ochilov U, Sultanovich IB, Iskandarovna UZ, Wibawa IPAH. Chromatographic authentication of botanical origin: Herbaceous pollen profiling with HPLC, HPTLC and GC-MS analysis. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5852. [PMID: 38382499 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
This study describes a robust chromatographic authentication methodology for herbaceous pollen, employing gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and high-performance thin liquid chromatography (HPTLC) protocols. The comprehensive profiling of organic compounds not only distinguishes between different botanical sources but also establishes a reliable framework for quality control and assessment of herbaceous pollen authenticity. Traces of quercetin were detectable using HPTLC in Chaenomeles japonica, and the composition of the mobile phase led to distinct phenolic acid tracks in the extracts of free phenolic compounds. In Lonicera nummulariifolia, prominent chlorogenic acid signal and traces of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid were identified, along with the presence of vanillic, trans-ferulic, p-coumaric and p-hydroxybenzoic and sinapic as phenolic acid standards. The HPLC chromatogram identified six peaks representing bioactive phenolic compounds such as gallic acid measuring 5.89 ± 0.56 mg g-1, hydroxybenzoic acid 2.39 ± 0.78 mg g-1 and caffeic acid 2.83 ± 0.11 mg g-1. The combined use of GC-MS, HPTLC and HPLC techniques provides a powerful and reliable means of authenticating the botanical origin of herbaceous pollen, offering valuable insights for quality control and ensuring the accuracy of botanical source identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozimova Aziza
- Institute of Biochemistry, Samarkand State University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Khislat Khaydarov
- Institute of Biochemistry, Samarkand State University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Institute of Biochemistry, Samarkand State University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Waleed A A Alsakkaf
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jawaher Alkahtani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- College of Life Science, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, China
| | - Trobjon Makhkamov
- Department of Forestry and Landscape Design, Tashkent State Agrarian University, Tashkent Region, Uzbekistan
| | - Zamira Djumayeva
- Institute of Biochemistry, Samarkand State University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey
| | | | - Aferin Beilerli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Russia
| | - Ilgiz Gareev
- Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Ulugbek Ochilov
- Institute of Biochemistry, Samarkand State University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | | | | | - I Putu Agus Hendra Wibawa
- Research Center for Applied Botany, Nasional Research and Innovation Agency BRIN, Bogor, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
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Pokajewicz K, Lamaka D, Hudz N, Adamchuk L, Wieczorek PP. Volatile profile of bee bread. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6870. [PMID: 38519512 PMCID: PMC10959932 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57159-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Bee bread is one of the least studied bee products. In this study, ten bee bread samples were characterized using palynology and HS-SPME-GC-MS (headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). In total, over one hundred different volatile components were identified, belonging to different chemical groups. Only ten common components were detected in all the samples. These volatiles were ethanol, ethylene chloride, ethyl acetate, acetic acid, α-pinene, furfural, nonane, nonanal, n-hexane and isovaleric acid. Several other components were commonly shared among various bee bread samples. Over sixty detected compounds have not been previously reported in bee bread. The analysis required a mild extraction temperature of 40 °C, as higher temperatures resulted in the Maillard reaction, leading to the production of furfural. The profile of volatile compounds of the tested bee pollen samples was complex and varied. Some relationships have been shown between botanical origin and volatile organic compound profile.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Darya Lamaka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Opole, 45-052, Opole, Poland
| | - Nataliia Hudz
- Department of Pharmacy and Ecological Chemistry, University of Opole, 45-052, Opole, Poland
- Department of Drug Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, 79010, Ukraine
| | - Leonora Adamchuk
- Department of Standardization and Certification of Agricultural Products, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Heroiv Oborony Street 15, Kyiv, 03041, Ukraine
- Laboratory of Methods for Assessing the Quality and Safety of Beekeeping Products, National Science Center "PI Prokopovich Institute of Beekeeping", Akademika Zabolotnoho Street 19, Kyiv, 03680, Ukraine
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Wasti QZ, Sabar MF, Farooq A, Khan MU. Stepping towards pollen DNA metabarcoding: A breakthrough in forensic sciences. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2023:10.1007/s12024-023-00770-8. [PMID: 38147285 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-023-00770-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
This review is engaged in determining the capability of plant pollen as a significant source of evidence for the linkage between suspects and crime location in forensic sciences. Research and review articles were collected from Google Scholar, the Web of Science, and PubMed. Articles were searched using specific keywords such as "Forensic Palynology," "Pollen metabarcoding," "Plant forensics," and "Pollen" AND "criminal investigation." Boolean logic was also utilized to narrow the articles to be included in this review article. Through the literature and exploratory research, it has been observed in the current study that with advancements in technology, forensic palynology has found its application in creating an association between the crime scene and suspected individuals to have a link to it, as pollen DNA is a long-lasting investigative tool that can effectively help forensic investigations. Moreover, the literature shows that the DNA of pollen and spores has helped forensic scientists link suspects to crime scenes, and the introduction of pollen DNA metabarcoding tools has eased the efforts of palynologists to analyze pollen DNA. The introduction of DNA metabarcoding techniques to analyze pollen from plants has helped identify the geological locations of the plants and ultimately identify the culprit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qandeel Zaineb Wasti
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Abeera Farooq
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umer Khan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
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Larbi S, Aylanc V, Rodríguez-Flores MS, Calhelha RC, Barros L, Rezouga F, Seijo MC, Falcão SI, Vilas-Boas M. Differentiating between Monofloral Portuguese Bee Pollens Using Phenolic and Volatile Profiles and Their Impact on Bioactive Properties. Molecules 2023; 28:7601. [PMID: 38005324 PMCID: PMC10673211 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, bee products are commended by consumers for their medicinal and dietary properties. This study aimed to differentiate between monofloral bee pollens originating from Portugal using phenolic and volatile profiles and investigate their antioxidant and cytotoxic activity. Total phenolic and flavonoid compounds were recorded between 2.9-35.8 mg GAE/g and 0.7-4.8 mg QE/g, respectively. The LC/DAD/ESI-MSn analytical results allowed us to identify and quantify a total of 72 compounds, including phenolic and phenylamide compounds, whereas GC-MS results revealed the presence of 49 different compounds, mostly ketones, aldehydes, esters, hydrocarbons, and terpenes. The highest DPPH• radical scavenging activity, EC50: 0.07 mg/mL, was recorded in the sample dominated by Castanae sp. pollen, whereas the Rubus sp. (1.59 mM Trolox/mg) and Cistaceae sp. (0.09 mg GAE/g) pollen species exhibited the highest antioxidant activity in ABTS•+ and reducing power assays, respectively. Regarding the anti-carcinogenic activity, only Carduus sp. showed remarkable cytotoxic potential against MCF-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Larbi
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (S.L.); (V.A.); (R.C.C.); (L.B.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Département de Génies Biologique et Agroalimentaire, Université Libre de Tunis, 30 Avenue Kheireddine Pacha, Tunis 1002, Tunisia;
| | - Volkan Aylanc
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (S.L.); (V.A.); (R.C.C.); (L.B.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Ricardo C. Calhelha
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (S.L.); (V.A.); (R.C.C.); (L.B.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (S.L.); (V.A.); (R.C.C.); (L.B.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Feriel Rezouga
- Département de Génies Biologique et Agroalimentaire, Université Libre de Tunis, 30 Avenue Kheireddine Pacha, Tunis 1002, Tunisia;
| | - Maria Carmen Seijo
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Vigo, Campus As Lagoas, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (M.S.R.-F.); (M.C.S.)
| | - Soraia I. Falcão
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (S.L.); (V.A.); (R.C.C.); (L.B.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Miguel Vilas-Boas
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (S.L.); (V.A.); (R.C.C.); (L.B.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
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Bee Pollen as Functional Food: Insights into Its Composition and Therapeutic Properties. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030557. [PMID: 36978805 PMCID: PMC10045447 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bee pollen is a hive product made up of flower pollen grains, nectar, and bee salivary secretions that beekeepers can collect without damaging the hive. Bee pollen, also called bee-collected pollen, contains a wide range of nutritious elements, including proteins, carbs, lipids, and dietary fibers, as well as bioactive micronutrients including vitamins, minerals, phenolic, and volatile compounds. Because of this composition of high quality, this product has been gaining prominence as a functional food, and studies have been conducted to show and establish its therapeutic potential for medical and food applications. In this context, this work aimed to provide a meticulous summary of the most relevant data about bee pollen, its composition—especially the phenolic compounds—and its biological and/or therapeutic properties as well as the involved molecular pathways.
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Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anticancer Activity of Mono- and Polyfloral Moroccan Bee Pollen by Characterizing Phenolic and Volatile Compounds. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020835. [PMID: 36677892 PMCID: PMC9866838 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Bee pollen is frequently characterized as a natural source of bioactive components, such as phenolic compounds, which are responsible for its pharmaceutical potential and nutritional properties. In this study, we evaluated the bioactive compound contents of mono- and polyfloral bee pollen samples using spectroscopic and chromatographic methods and established links with their antioxidant and antitumor activity. The findings demonstrated that the botanical origin of bee pollen has a remarkable impact on its phenolic (3-17 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (0.5-3.2 mg QE/g) contents. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed the presence of 35 phenolic and 13 phenylamide compounds in bee pollen, while gas chromatography-mass spectrometry showed its richness in volatiles, such as hydrocarbons, fatty acids, alcohols, ketones, etc. The concentration of bioactive compounds in each sample resulted in a substantial distinction in their antioxidant activity, DPPH (EC50: 0.3-0.7 mg/mL), ABTS (0.8-1.3 mM Trolox/mg), and reducing power (0.03-0.05 mg GAE/g), with the most bioactive pollens being the monofloral samples from Olea europaea and Ononis spinosa. Complementarily, some samples revealed a moderate effect on cervical carcinoma (GI50: 495 μg/mL) and breast adenocarcinoma (GI50: 734 μg/mL) cell lines. This may be associated with compounds such as quercetin-O-diglucoside and kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside, which are present in pollens from Olea europaea and Coriandrum, respectively. Overall, the results highlighted the potentiality of bee pollen to serve health-promoting formulations in the future.
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Kerienė I, Šaulienė I, Šukienė L, Judžentienė A, Ligor M, Buszewski B. Patterns of Phenolic Compounds in Betula and Pinus Pollen. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:356. [PMID: 36679068 PMCID: PMC9865354 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, phenolic compounds and their antioxidant activity in the pollen of anemophilous Betula and Pinus were determined. Spectrophotometric, high-performance thin-layer and liquid chromatography methods were applied. Free phenolic compounds (free PC) and phenolic compounds bound to the cell wall (bound PC) were analysed in the pollen extracts. Regardless of the pollen species, their content was 20% higher than that in bound PC extracts. Pinus pollen extracts contained 2.5 times less phenolic compounds compared to Betula. Free PC extraction from the deeper layers of Pinus pollen was minimal; the same content of phenolic compounds was obtained in both types of extracts. The bioactivity of pollen (p < 0.05) is related to the content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in Betula free PC and in bound PC, and only in free PC extracts of Pinus. Rutin, chlorogenic and trans-ferulic acids were characterised by antioxidant activity. Phenolic acids accounted for 70−94%, while rutin constituted 2−3% of the total amount in the extracts. One of the dominant phenolic acids was trans-ferulic acid in all the Betula and Pinus samples. The specific compounds were vanillic and chlorogenic acids of Betula pollen extracts, while Pinus extracts contained gallic acid. The data obtained for the phenolic profiles and antioxidant activity of Betula and Pinus pollen can be useful for modelling food chains in ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Kerienė
- Regional Development Institute, Šiauliai Academy, Vilnius University, 84 Vytauto Str., LT-76352 Šiauliai, Lithuania
| | - Ingrida Šaulienė
- Regional Development Institute, Šiauliai Academy, Vilnius University, 84 Vytauto Str., LT-76352 Šiauliai, Lithuania
| | - Laura Šukienė
- Regional Development Institute, Šiauliai Academy, Vilnius University, 84 Vytauto Str., LT-76352 Šiauliai, Lithuania
| | - Asta Judžentienė
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Department of Organic Chemistry, Saulėtekio Avenue 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Life Sciences Center, Institute of Biosciences, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio Avenue 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Magdalena Ligor
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 7 Gagarina Str., 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Bogusław Buszewski
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 7 Gagarina Str., 87-100 Torun, Poland
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9
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Bee Pollen and Bread as a Super-Food: A Comparative Review of Their Metabolome Composition and Quality Assessment in the Context of Best Recovery Conditions. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020715. [PMID: 36677772 PMCID: PMC9862147 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, functional foods have been a subject of great interest in dietetics owing not only to their nutritional value but rather their myriad of health benefits. Moreover, an increase in consumers' demands for such valuable foods warrants the development in not only production but rather tools of quality and nutrient assessment. Bee products, viz., pollen (BP) and bread, are normally harvested from the flowering plants with the aid of bees. BP is further subjected to a fermentation process in bee hives to produce the more valuable and bioavailable BB. Owing to their nutritional and medicinal properties, bee products are considered as an important food supplements rich in macro-, micro-, and phytonutrients. Bee products are rich in carbohydrates, amino acids, vitamins, fatty acids, and minerals in addition to a myriad of phytonutrients such as phenolic compounds, anthocyanins, volatiles, and carotenoids. Moreover, unsaturated fatty acids (USFAs) of improved lipid profile such as linoleic, linolenic, and oleic were identified in BP and BB. This work aims to present a holistic overview of BP and BB in the context of their composition and analysis, and to highlight optimized extraction techniques to maximize their value and future applications in nutraceuticals.
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Martín-Gómez B, Salahange L, Tapia JA, Martín MT, Ares AM, Bernal J. Fast Chromatographic Determination of Free Amino Acids in Bee Pollen. Foods 2022; 11:foods11244013. [PMID: 36553756 PMCID: PMC9778440 DOI: 10.3390/foods11244013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The consumption of bee pollen has increased in the last few years due to its nutritional and health-promoting properties, which are directly related to its bioactive constituents, such as amino acids. Currently, there is great interest in understanding the role of these in bee products as it provides relevant information, e.g., regarding nutritional value or geographical and botanical origins. In the present study, two fast chromatographic methods were adapted based on commercial EZ:faast™ kits for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography−mass spectrometry for determining free amino acids in bee pollen. Both methods involved the extraction of amino acids with water, followed by a solid phase extraction to eliminate interfering compounds, and a derivatization of the amino acids prior to their chromatographic separation. The best results in terms of run time (<7 min), matrix effect, and limits of quantification (3−75 mg/kg) were obtained when gas chromatography−mass spectrometry was employed. This latter methodology was applied to analyze several bee pollen samples obtained from local markets and experimental apiaries. The findings obtained from a statistical examination based on principal component analysis showed that bee pollen samples from commercial or experimental apiaries were different in their amino acid composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Martín-Gómez
- Analytical Chemistry Group (TESEA), I. U. CINQUIMA, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Laura Salahange
- Analytical Chemistry Group (TESEA), I. U. CINQUIMA, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jesús A. Tapia
- Analytical Chemistry Group (TESEA), I. U. CINQUIMA, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - María T. Martín
- Analytical Chemistry Group (TESEA), I. U. CINQUIMA, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ana M. Ares
- Analytical Chemistry Group (TESEA), I. U. CINQUIMA, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - José Bernal
- Analytical Chemistry Group (TESEA), I. U. CINQUIMA, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-983186347
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11
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Bikaun JM, Bates T, Bollen M, Flematti GR, Melonek J, Praveen P, Grassl J. Volatile biomarkers for non-invasive detection of American foulbrood, a threat to honey bee pollination services. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 845:157123. [PMID: 35810895 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Honey bees provide essential environmental services, pollinating both agricultural and natural ecosystems that are crucial for human health. However, these pollination services are under threat by outbreaks of the bacterial honey bee disease American foulbrood (AFB). Caused by the bacterium, Paenibacillus larvae, AFB kills honey bee larvae, converting the biomass to a foul smelling, spore-laden mass. Due to the bacterium's tough endospores, which are easily spread and extremely persistent, AFB management requires the destruction of infected colonies in many countries. AFB detection remains a significant problem for beekeepers: diagnosis is often slow, relying on beekeepers visually identifying symptoms in the colony and molecular confirmation. Delayed detection can result in large outbreaks during high-density beekeeping pollination events, jeopardising livelihoods and food security. In an effort to improve diagnostics, we investigated volatile compounds associated with AFB-diseased brood in vitro and in beehive air. Using Solid Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography Mass-Spectrometry, we identified 40 compounds as volatile biomarkers for AFB infections, including 16 compounds previously unreported in honey bee studies. In the field, we detected half of the biomarkers in situ (in beehive air) and demonstrated their sensitivity and accuracy for diagnosing AFB. The most sensitive volatile biomarker, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, was exclusively detected in AFB-disease larvae and hives, and was detectable in beehives with <10 AFB-symptomatic larvae. These, to our knowledge, previously undescribed biomarkers are prime candidates to be targeted by a portable sensor device for rapid and non-invasive diagnosis of AFB in beehives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Bikaun
- Cooperative Research Centre for Honey Bee Products, Yanchep, Australia; Honey Bee Health Research Group, School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Tiffane Bates
- Cooperative Research Centre for Honey Bee Products, Yanchep, Australia; Honey Bee Health Research Group, School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Maike Bollen
- Metabolomics Australia, Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Gavin R Flematti
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Joanna Melonek
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Praveen Praveen
- Cooperative Research Centre for Honey Bee Products, Yanchep, Australia; Honey Bee Health Research Group, School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Julia Grassl
- Cooperative Research Centre for Honey Bee Products, Yanchep, Australia; Honey Bee Health Research Group, School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.
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12
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Ares AM, Martín MT, Tapia JA, González-Porto AV, Higes M, Martín-Hernández R, Bernal J. Differentiation of bee pollen samples according to the betaines and other quaternary ammonium related compounds content by using a canonical discriminant analysis. Food Res Int 2022; 160:111698. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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Giampieri F, Quiles JL, Cianciosi D, Forbes-Hernández TY, Orantes-Bermejo FJ, Alvarez-Suarez JM, Battino M. Bee Products: An Emblematic Example of Underutilized Sources of Bioactive Compounds. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:6833-6848. [PMID: 34974697 PMCID: PMC9204823 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Beside honey, honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) are able to produce many byproducts, including bee pollen, propolis, bee bread, royal jelly, and beeswax. Even if the medicinal properties of these byproducts have been recognized for thousands of years by the ancient civilizations, in the modern era, they have a limited use, essentially as nutritional supplements or health products. However, these natural products are excellent sources of bioactive compounds, macro- and micronutrients, that, in a synergistic way, confer multiple biological activities to these byproducts, such as, for example, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. This work aims to update the chemical and phytochemical composition of bee pollen, propolis, bee bread, royal jelly, and beeswax and to summarize the main effects exerted by these byproducts on human health, from the anticancer and immune-modulatory activities to the antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, hypotensive, and anti-allergic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Giampieri
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King
Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Research
Group on Food, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Quiles
- Research
Group on Food, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, 39011 Santander, Spain
- Department
of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology ‘‘José
Mataix”, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 1800 Granada, Spain
| | - Danila Cianciosi
- Department
of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University
of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | | | | | - José Miguel Alvarez-Suarez
- Departamento
de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito 170157, Ecuador
- King
Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz
University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Instituto
de Investigaciones en Biomedicina iBioMed, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito 170157, Ecuador
- E-mail:
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Research
Group on Food, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, 39011 Santander, Spain
- Department
of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University
of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
- International
Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products
Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, People’s Republic
of China
- E-mail:
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14
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The involvement of a floral scent in plant-honeybee interaction. Naturwissenschaften 2022; 109:30. [DOI: 10.1007/s00114-022-01802-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Ares AM, Tapia JA, González-Porto AV, Higes M, Martín-Hernández R, Bernal J. Glucosinolates as Markers of the Origin and Harvesting Period for Discrimination of Bee Pollen by UPLC-MS/MS. Foods 2022; 11:1446. [PMID: 35627016 PMCID: PMC9141840 DOI: 10.3390/foods11101446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bee pollen is currently one of the most commonly consumed food supplements, as it is considered to be a good source of bioactive substances and energy. It contains various health-promoting compounds, such as proteins, amino acids, lipids, as well as glucosinolates. In the present study, the glucosinolate content was determined, by means of ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a quadrupole time-of-flight mass detector, in 72 bee pollen samples from four different apiaries in Guadalajara (Spain), harvested in three different periods. In addition, 11 commercial multifloral samples from different Spanish regions were also analyzed. The aim was to verify the suitability of these compounds as biomarkers of their geographical origin, and to test their potential for distinguishing the harvesting period. By means of a canonical discriminant analysis, it was possible to differentiate the apiary of origin of most of the samples, and these could also be clearly differentiated from the commercial ones, simply as a result of the glucosinolate content. In addition, it was also demonstrated for the first time that bee pollen samples were capable of being differentiated according to the time of harvesting and their glucosinolate content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. Ares
- I. U. CINQUIMA, Analytical Chemistry Group (TESEA), Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; (A.M.A.); (J.A.T.)
| | - Jesús A. Tapia
- I. U. CINQUIMA, Analytical Chemistry Group (TESEA), Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; (A.M.A.); (J.A.T.)
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Amelia V. González-Porto
- Instituto Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario y Forestal de Castilla La Mancha (IRIAF), Centro de Investigación Apícola y Agroambiental (CIAPA), Camino de San Martín, s/n, 19180 Marchamalo, Spain; (A.V.G.-P.); (M.H.); (R.M.-H.)
| | - Mariano Higes
- Instituto Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario y Forestal de Castilla La Mancha (IRIAF), Centro de Investigación Apícola y Agroambiental (CIAPA), Camino de San Martín, s/n, 19180 Marchamalo, Spain; (A.V.G.-P.); (M.H.); (R.M.-H.)
| | - Raquel Martín-Hernández
- Instituto Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario y Forestal de Castilla La Mancha (IRIAF), Centro de Investigación Apícola y Agroambiental (CIAPA), Camino de San Martín, s/n, 19180 Marchamalo, Spain; (A.V.G.-P.); (M.H.); (R.M.-H.)
- Instituto de Recursos Humanos para la Ciencia y la Tecnología (INCRECYT-EFS/EC-FSE), Fundación Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Castilla—La Mancha, 02006 Albacete, Spain
| | - José Bernal
- I. U. CINQUIMA, Analytical Chemistry Group (TESEA), Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; (A.M.A.); (J.A.T.)
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16
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Zheng Y, Karimi-Maleh H, Fu L. Evaluation of Antioxidants Using Electrochemical Sensors: A Bibliometric Analysis. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22093238. [PMID: 35590927 PMCID: PMC9103690 DOI: 10.3390/s22093238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The imbalance of oxidation and antioxidant systems in the biological system can lead to oxidative stress, which is closely related to the pathogenesis of many diseases. Substances with antioxidant capacity can effectively resist the harmful damage of oxidative stress. How to measure the antioxidant capacity of antioxidants has essential application value in medicine and food. Techniques such as DPPH radical scavenging have been developed to measure antioxidant capacity. However, these traditional analytical techniques take time and require large instruments. It is a more convenient method to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of antioxidants based on their electrochemical oxidation and reduction behaviors. This review summarizes the evaluation of antioxidants using electrochemical sensors by bibliometrics. The development of this topic was described, and the research priorities at different stages were discussed. The topic was investigated in 1999 and became popular after 2010 and has remained popular ever since. A total of 758 papers were published during this period. In the early stages, electrochemical techniques were used only as quantitative techniques and other analytical techniques. Subsequently, cyclic voltammetry was used to directly study the electrochemical behavior of different antioxidants and evaluate antioxidant capacity. With methodological innovations and assistance from materials science, advanced electrochemical sensors have been fabricated to serve this purpose. In this review, we also cluster the keywords to analyze different investigation directions under the topic. Through co-citation of papers, important papers were analyzed as were how they have influenced the topic. In addition, the author’s country distribution and category distribution were also interpreted in detail. In the end, we also proposed perspectives for the future development of this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Zheng
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Memorial Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China;
| | - Hassan Karimi-Maleh
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Xiyuan Ave, Chengdu 610056, China;
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology, Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan 9477177870, Iran
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Doornfontein Campus, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Johannesburg 17011, South Africa
| | - Li Fu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Correspondence:
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17
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Stanius Ž, Dūdėnas M, Kaškonienė V, Stankevičius M, Skrzydlewska E, Drevinskas T, Ragažinskienė O, Obelevičius K, Maruška A. Analysis of the Leaves and Cones of Lithuanian Hops ( Humulus lupulus L.) Varieties by Chromatographic and Spectrophotometric Methods. Molecules 2022; 27:2705. [PMID: 35566057 PMCID: PMC9105605 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This work involves a comprehensive chemical composition analysis of leaf and cone samples of Lithuanian hop varieties. This study aimed to determine the chemometric properties of the leaves and cones of five Lithuanian hop varieties. Determined properties were the following: (a) xanthohumol content, (b) phenolic compounds, (c) flavonoids, (d) radical scavenging activity, and (e) the qualitative composition of volatile compounds. The total content of phenolic compounds in aqueous 75% methanolic extracts varied between 31.4-78.2 mg of rutin equivalents (RE)/g, and the concentration of flavonoids was between 11.0-23.3 mg RE/g. Radical scavenging activity varied between 34.4-87.2 mg RE/g. A QUENCHER analysis procedure showed 91.7-168.5 mg RE/g of the total phenolic compound content, 12.7-21.4 mg RE/g of flavonoids, and 48.4-121.0 mg RE/g of radical scavenging activity. 'Fredos taurieji' and 'Fredos derlingieji' varieties have shown maximum values of phenolic compounds and radical scavenging activity both in leaf and cone suspensions. These varieties accumulated a higher amount of xanthohumol in leaves. The concentration of xanthohumol in the samples varied between 0.0014-0.2136% of dry mass, with the highest concentration in the cones of 'Kauno gražieji'. We identified 19 volatile compounds in leaves, and in cones, we identified 32. In both of them, α-humulene and β caryophyllene dominated. 'Raudoniai' leaves were exceptional in their aroma due to dominating compound nagina ketone (Kovats index 1306). The QUENCHER procedure has shown a great potential for the unextractable residue of hop raw material. Further investigation and valorization of different hop biomass components, not only cones, are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Žydrūnas Stanius
- Instrumental Analysis Open Access Centre, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Vileikos St. 8, LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania; (Ž.S.); (M.D.); (V.K.); (M.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Mantas Dūdėnas
- Instrumental Analysis Open Access Centre, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Vileikos St. 8, LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania; (Ž.S.); (M.D.); (V.K.); (M.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Vilma Kaškonienė
- Instrumental Analysis Open Access Centre, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Vileikos St. 8, LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania; (Ž.S.); (M.D.); (V.K.); (M.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Mantas Stankevičius
- Instrumental Analysis Open Access Centre, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Vileikos St. 8, LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania; (Ž.S.); (M.D.); (V.K.); (M.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Elżbieta Skrzydlewska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza St. 2D, 15-222 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Tomas Drevinskas
- Instrumental Analysis Open Access Centre, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Vileikos St. 8, LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania; (Ž.S.); (M.D.); (V.K.); (M.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Ona Ragažinskienė
- Sector of Medicinal Plants, Botanical Garden of Vytautas Magnus University, Ž. E. Žilibero St. 6, LT-46324 Kaunas, Lithuania; (O.R.); (K.O.)
| | - Kęstutis Obelevičius
- Sector of Medicinal Plants, Botanical Garden of Vytautas Magnus University, Ž. E. Žilibero St. 6, LT-46324 Kaunas, Lithuania; (O.R.); (K.O.)
| | - Audrius Maruška
- Instrumental Analysis Open Access Centre, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Vileikos St. 8, LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania; (Ž.S.); (M.D.); (V.K.); (M.S.); (T.D.)
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18
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Potential Activity of Abrantes Pollen Extract: Biochemical and Cellular Model Studies. Foods 2021; 10:foods10112804. [PMID: 34829085 PMCID: PMC8624898 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the grain composition and (poly)phenolic profile of pollen from Abrantes (Portugal), as well as its antioxidative and antidiabetic properties, and abilities to protect human erythrocytes against induced hemoglobin oxidation, lipid peroxidation, and hemolysis. The phytochemical profile of the Abrantes’ bee pollen revealed twenty phenolic compounds, identified by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry coupled with photodiode array detection. Among them, quercetin derivatives were the most abundant. Concerning the biological potential, the pollen extract showed notable capacity for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, nitric oxide, and superoxide radicals, as well as for inhibition of α-glucosidase action, and protection of human erythrocytes against oxidative damage. Non-cytotoxic effects regarding the NHDF normal cell line, human adenocarcinoma Caco-2, and human liver HepG2 cells were observed. The results obtained contributed to further research on modes of action related to oxidative damage and metabolic health problems, to generate deeper knowledge of potential health-promoting effects to develop novel pharmaceutical drugs, nutraceuticals, and dietary supplements.
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19
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Liu J, Li Y, Zhang Z, Luo W, Cao L, Liu H. Low Concentration of Quercetin Reduces the Lethal and Sublethal Effects of Imidacloprid on Apis cerana (Hymenoptera: Apidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 114:1053-1064. [PMID: 33769525 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toab043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale use of systemic pesticides has been considered a potential factor for pollinator population decline. Phytochemicals, e.g., quercetin, have been demonstrated to increase the pesticide tolerance of Apis mellifera Linnaeus (Hymenoptera: Apidae), which is helpful to develop strategies to reduce the pesticides hazards to pollinators. In this study, we hypothesized phytochemicals could reduce the detrimental effects of imidacloprid on Apis cerana Fabricius. The lethal and sublethal effects of imidacloprid on A. cerana workers were investigated. The results showed that A. cerana workers chronically exposed to 100 μg/liter imidacloprid had a significantly shorter longevity by 10.81 d compared with control. Acute exposure to imidacloprid at 100 μg/liter impaired the sucrose responsiveness and memory retention of the workers, and 20 μg/liter reduced the sucrose responsiveness. The treatment with 37.8 mg/liter quercetin for 24 h could increase the longevity of A. cerana workers when chronically exposed to 100 μg/liter imidacloprid, and 75.6 mg/liter quercetin feeding treatment alleviated the impairment of sucrose responsiveness. However, workers treated with 151.2 mg/liter and 75.6 mg/liter quercetin had a significantly shorter longevity compared to that of bees chronically exposed to 100 μg/liter imidacloprid without quercetin treatment. Our results suggested that quercetin treatment could produce a biphasic influence on the lethal effects of imidacloprid on A. cerana. Quercetin at 37.8 mg/liter and 75.6 mg/liter in the diet before pesticide exposure was able to reduce the lethal and sublethal effects of imidacloprid, respectively, providing potential strategies to reduce the pesticides hazards to native honey bees (A. cerana).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Department of Economic Animal, Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang 402460, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaying Li
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Zihui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Wenhua Luo
- Department of Economic Animal, Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang 402460, Chongqing, China
| | - Lan Cao
- Department of Economic Animal, Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang 402460, Chongqing, China
| | - Huai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
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20
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Zeghoud S, Rebiai A, Hemmami H, Ben Seghir B, Elboughdiri N, Ghareba S, Ghernaout D, Abbas N. ATR-FTIR Spectroscopy, HPLC Chromatography, and Multivariate Analysis for Controlling Bee Pollen Quality in Some Algerian Regions. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:4878-4887. [PMID: 33644595 PMCID: PMC7905949 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bee pollen collected by honeybees (Apis mellifera) is one of the bee products, and it is as valuable as honey, propolis, royal jelly, or beebread. Its quality varies according to its geographic location or plant sources. This study aimed to apply rapid, simple, and accurate analytical methods such as attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) along with chemometrics analysis to construct a model aimed at discriminating between different pollen samples. In total, 33 samples were collected and analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), and partial least squares regression (PLS) to assess the differences and similarities between them. The PCA score plot based on both HPLC and ATR-FTIR revealed the same discriminatory pattern, and the samples were divided into four major classes depending on their total content of polyphenols. The results revealed that spectral data obtained from ATR-FTIR acquired in the region (4000-500 cm-1) were further subjected to a standard normal variable (SNV) method that removes scattering effects from spectra. However, PCA, HCA, and PLS showed that the best PLS model was obtained with a regression coefficient (R 2) of 0.9001, root-mean-square estimation error (RMSEE) of 0.0304, and root-mean-squared error cross-validation (RMSEcv) of 0.036. Discrimination between the three species has also been possible by combining the pre-processed ATR-FTIR spectra with PCA and PLS. Additionally, the HPLC chromatograms after pre-treatment (SNV) were subjected to unsupervised analysis (PCA-HCA) and supervised analysis (PLS). The PLS model confers good results by factors (R 2 = 0.98, RMSEE = 8.22, and RMSEcv = 27.86). Prospects for devising bee pollen quality assessment methods include utilizing ATR-FTIR and HPLC in combination with multivariate methods for rapid authentication of the geographic location or plant sources of bee pollen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumeia Zeghoud
- Laboratory
Valorization and Technology of Saharan Resources (VTRS), University of El-Oued, P.O. Box 789, El-Oued 39000, Algeria
| | - Abdelkrim Rebiai
- Laboratory
Valorization and Technology of Saharan Resources (VTRS), University of El-Oued, P.O. Box 789, El-Oued 39000, Algeria
| | - Hadia Hemmami
- Laboratory
Valorization and Technology of Saharan Resources (VTRS), University of El-Oued, P.O. Box 789, El-Oued 39000, Algeria
| | - Bachir Ben Seghir
- Laboratory
of Industrial Analysis and Materials Engineering (LAGIM), University 8 May 1945, P.O. Box 401, Guelma 24000, Algeria
| | - Noureddine Elboughdiri
- Chemical
Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81441, Saudi Arabia
- Chemical
Engineering Process Department, National School of Engineering Gabes, University of Gabes, Gabes 6011, Tunisia
| | - Saad Ghareba
- Chemical
Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81441, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, ElMergib
University, Alkhums 40414, Libya
| | - Djamel Ghernaout
- Chemical
Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81441, Saudi Arabia
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Blida, P.O. Box 270, Blida 09000, Algeria
| | - Nadir Abbas
- Chemical
Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81441, Saudi Arabia
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21
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Volatilome and Bioaccessible Phenolics Profiles in Lab-Scale Fermented Bee Pollen. Foods 2021; 10:foods10020286. [PMID: 33572637 PMCID: PMC7911640 DOI: 10.3390/foods10020286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bee-collected pollen (BCP) is currently receiving increasing attention as a dietary supplement for humans. In order to increase the accessibility of nutrients for intestinal absorption, several biotechnological solutions have been proposed for BCP processing, with fermentation as one of the most attractive. The present study used an integrated metabolomic approach to investigate how the use of starter cultures may affect the volatilome and the profile of bioaccessible phenolics of fermented BCP. BCP fermented with selected microbial starters (Started-BCP) was compared to spontaneously fermented BCP (Unstarted-BCP) and to unprocessed raw BCP (Raw-BCP). Fermentation significantly increased the amount of volatile compounds (VOC) in both Unstarted- and Started-BCP, as well as modifying the relative proportions among the chemical groups. Volatile free fatty acids were the predominant VOC in Unstarted-BCP. Started-BCP was differentiated by the highest levels of esters and alcohols, although volatile free fatty acids were always prevailing. The profile of the VOC was dependent on the type of fermentation, which was attributable to the selected Apilactobacillus kunkeei and Hanseniaspora uvarum strains used as starters, or to the variety of yeasts and bacteria naturally associated to the BCP. Started-BCP and, to a lesser extent, Unstarted-BCP resulted in increased bioaccessible phenolics, which included microbial derivatives of phenolic acids metabolism.
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22
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Classification of Bee Pollen and Prediction of Sensory and Colorimetric Attributes-A Sensometric Fusion Approach by e-Nose, e-Tongue and NIR. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20236768. [PMID: 33256130 PMCID: PMC7730699 DOI: 10.3390/s20236768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The chemical composition of bee pollens differs greatly and depends primarily on the botanical origin of the product. Therefore, it is a crucially important task to discriminate pollens of different plant species. In our work, we aim to determine the applicability of microscopic pollen analysis, spectral colour measurement, sensory, NIR spectroscopy, e-nose and e-tongue methods for the classification of bee pollen of five different botanical origins. Chemometric methods (PCA, LDA) were used to classify bee pollen loads by analysing the statistical pattern of the samples and to determine the independent and combined effects of the above-mentioned methods. The results of the microscopic analysis identified 100% of sunflower, red clover, rapeseed and two polyfloral pollens mainly containing lakeshore bulrush and spiny plumeless thistle. The colour profiles of the samples were different for the five different samples. E-nose and NIR provided 100% classification accuracy, while e-tongue > 94% classification accuracy for the botanical origin identification using LDA. Partial least square regression (PLS) results built to regress on the sensory and spectral colour attributes using the fused data of NIR spectroscopy, e-nose and e-tongue showed higher than 0.8 R2 during the validation except for one attribute, which was much higher compared to the independent models built for instruments.
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23
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Tuoheti T, Rasheed HA, Meng L, Dong MS. High hydrostatic pressure enhances the anti-proliferative properties of lotus bee pollen on the human prostate cancer PC-3 cells via increased metabolites. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 261:113057. [PMID: 32505838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The beneficial effects of bee pollen on prostate diseases are well known. Clinicians confirm that, in nonbacterial prostate diseases, bee pollen improves the condition of patients effectively. However, there is insufficient evidence to rate effectiveness of bee pollen on prostate cancer. AIM OF THE STUDY High hydrostatic pressure (HHP), an effective non-thermal technique to improve the nutritional quality and bio-functionality of plant-based foods, was used to increase the anti-proliferative properties of Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) bee pollen (LBP) in prostate cancer PC-3 cells via enhancement of bioactive compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS Freeze-dried lotus bee pollen produced from Fu Zhou city, Jiangxi province, China, was processed by high hydrostatic pressure (HHP). The anti-proliferative activities, apoptosis of ethanol and methanol extracts in prostate cancer PC-3 cells was evaluated using MTT method and Annexin-V/PI cell apoptosis assay kit, respectively. The changes of metabolites were determined using UPLC-Triple-TOF-MS analysis platform. RESULTS HHP treatment enhanced anti-proliferative activities, cell apoptosis, cell cycle disruption, glutathione-depletion in prostate cancer PC-3 cells. The metabolomics analysis showed that some metabolites such as chaetoglobosin A, glutathione oxidized, cyanidin 3-rutinoside, brassicoside, sophoranone, curcumin II, soyasaponin II were significantly increased (p < 0.05) after the HHP treatment, PCA results shown that these bioactive components have quite correlation with anti-proliferative activities of lotus bee pollen on the PC-3 cells. The results indicated that HHP enhances the anti-prostate cancer activity of lotus bee pollen via increased metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuhanguli Tuoheti
- College of Food Science & Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hafiz Abdul Rasheed
- College of Food Science & Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Meng
- College of Food Science & Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Sheng Dong
- College of Food Science & Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Impact of Fermentation Processes on the Bioactive Profile and Health-Promoting Properties of Bee Bread, Mead and Honey Vinegar. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8091081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, an increasing interest is paid to bee products obtained as a result of the fermentation process. Some of them can be consumed directly (bee-collected pollen, honey, bee bread etc.), while others are the result of lactic and/or acid fermentation (honey vinegar and honey wine). Bee bread is the result of pollens’ lactic fermentation, whereas mead is obtained by honeys’ lactic fermentation. Moreover, as a result of honey acetic acid fermentation, honey vinegar is obtained. Sensory characteristics and aroma composition have been scarcely studied, which may depend on the starter culture and fermentation process. Along with the medicinal properties they are a vital resource for future researches as they are of particular importance in the food market. In this review, we discuss the aroma-active compounds, taste, and sensorial characteristics of fermented bee products along with the approaches that can be developed for the flavor improvement based on existing technologies. Furthermore, the beneficial effects on human health are also described, with special attention that should be attributed to finding the use of probiotics in these fermented products as health-promoting effects.
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The botanical origin and antioxidant, anti-BACE1 and antiproliferative properties of bee pollen from different regions of South Korea. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:236. [PMID: 32711521 PMCID: PMC7382056 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03023-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bee pollen (BP) has been used as a traditional medicine and food diet additive due to its nutritional and biological properties. The potential biological properties of bee pollen vary greatly with the botanical and geographical origin of the pollen grains. This study was conducted to characterize the botanical origin and assess the antioxidant effects of ethanol extracts of 18 different bee pollen (EBP) samples from 16 locations in South Korea and their inhibitory activities on human β-amyloid precursor cleavage enzyme (BACE1), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), human intestinal bacteria, and 5 cancer cell lines. Methods The botanical origin and classification of each BP sample was evaluated using palynological analysis by observing microscope slides. We measured the biological properties, including antioxidant capacity, inhibitory activities against human BACE1, and AChE, and antiproliferative activities toward five cancer cell lines, of the 18 EBPs. In addition, the growth inhibitory activities on four harmful intestinal bacteria, six lactic acid-producing bacteria, two nonpathogenic bacteria, and an acidulating bacterium were also assessed. Results Four samples (BP3, BP4, BP13 and BP15) were found to be monofloral and presented four dominant pollen types: Quercus palustris, Actinidia arguta, Robinia pseudoacacia, and Amygdalus persica. One sample (BP12) was found to be bifloral, and the remaining samples were considered to be heterofloral. Sixteen samples showed potent antioxidant activities with EC50 from 292.0 to 673.9 μg mL− 1. Fourteen samples presented potent inhibitory activity against human BACE1 with EC50 from 236.0 to 881.1 μg mL− 1. All samples showed antiproliferative activity toward the cancer cell lines PC-3, MCF-7, A549, NCI-H727 and AGS with IC50 from 2.7 to 14.4 mg mL− 1, 0.9 to 12.7 mg mL− 1, 5.0 to > 25 mg mL− 1, 2.7 to 17.7 mg mL− 1, and 2.4 to 8.7 mg mL− 1, respectively. In addition, total phenol and flavonoid contents had no direct correlation with antioxidant, anti-human BACE1, or antiproliferative activities. Conclusion Fundamentally, Korean bee pollen-derived preparations could be considered a nutritional addition to food to prevent various diseases related to free radicals, neurodegenerative problems, and cancers. The botanical and geographical origins of pollen grains could help to establish quality control standards for bee pollen consumption and industrial production.
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Ares AM, Redondo M, Tapia J, González-Porto AV, Higes M, Martín-Hernández R, Bernal J. Differentiation of bee pollen samples according to their intact-glucosinolate content using canonical discriminant analysis. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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El-Seedi HR, Khalifa SA, El-Wahed AA, Gao R, Guo Z, Tahir HE, Zhao C, Du M, Farag MA, Musharraf SG, Abbas G. Honeybee products: An updated review of neurological actions. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Blinstrubienė A, Burbulis N, Juškevičiūtė N, Vaitkevičienė N, Žūkienė R. Effect of Growth Regulators on Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni Callus Genesis and Influence of Auxin and Proline to Steviol Glycosides, Phenols, Flavonoids Accumulation, and Antioxidant Activity In Vitro. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122759. [PMID: 32549269 PMCID: PMC7356920 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Stevia is a plant containing many active compounds, but usually propagated by stem cuttings because of low seed-yield-germination ability. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of plant-growth regulators on stevia callus induction and growth from somatic tissue, as well as to determine the effect α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and proline (PRO) on the amount of stevioside, rebaudioside A, phenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity. Stem and leaf segments were inoculated on a Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of NAA and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) for callus genesis. The amount of steviol glycosides (SGs) was evaluated using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the amounts of total phenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity by spectrophotometric methods. The highest callus-induction frequency and callus-mass increase were obtained from the leaf explants in MS medium supplemented with 2.0 μM NAA. The highest amount of SGs, phenols, and flavonoids, and stronger antioxidant activity were determined in the cellular compounds of callus from leaf explant. PRO reduced the amount of SGs and flavonoids. The significantly highest amount of total phenolic compounds was obtained in the callus from leaf explants in the medium supplemented with 2.0 µM NAA and 2.0 µM PRO.
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Kaškonienė V, Adaškevičiūtė V, Kaškonas P, Mickienė R, Maruška A. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of natural and fermented bee pollen. FOOD BIOSCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zhao L, Qiu J, Yin X, Zhang N, Wu W, Wang C, Ji B, Zhang L, Zhou F. Blossom and bee pollen from Rosa rugosa as potential intervention for acne caused by excessive androgen secretion in golden hamster acne model. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2019.1674788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiafei Qiu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoting Yin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nanhai Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Wu
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengtao Wang
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baoping Ji
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liebing Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Improved Separation of Intact Glucosinolates in Bee Pollen by Using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-019-01446-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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33
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Mohtar LG, Aranda P, Messina GA, Nazareno MA, Pereira SV, Raba J, Bertolino FA. Amperometric biosensor based on laccase immobilized onto a nanostructured screen-printed electrode for determination of polyphenols in propolis. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Biphasic concentration-dependent interaction between imidacloprid and dietary phytochemicals in honey bees (Apis mellifera). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206625. [PMID: 30383869 PMCID: PMC6211726 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The presence of the neonicotinoid imidacloprid in nectar, honey, pollen, beebread and beeswax has been implicated in declines worldwide in the health of the western honey bee Apis mellifera. Certain phytochemicals, including quercetin and p-coumaric acid, are ubiquitous in the honey bee diet and are known to upregulate cytochrome P450 genes encoding enzymes that detoxify insecticides. Thus, the possibility exists that these dietary phytochemicals interact with ingested imidacloprid to ameliorate toxicity by enhancing its detoxification. Approach Quercetin and p-coumaric acid were incorporated in a phytochemical-free artificial diet individually and together along with imidacloprid at a range of field-realistic concentrations. In acute toxicity bioassays, honey bee 24- and 48- hour imidacloprid LC50 values were determined in the presence of the phytochemicals. Additionally, chronic toxicity bioassays were conducted using varying concentrations of imidacloprid in diets with the phytochemicals to test impacts of phytochemicals on longevity. Results In acute toxicity bioassays, the phytochemicals had no effect on imidacloprid LC50 values. In chronic toxicity longevity bioassays, phytochemicals enhanced honey bee survival at low imidacloprid concentrations (15 and 45 ppb) but had a negative effect at higher concentrations (105 ppb and 135 ppb). p-Coumaric acid alone increased honey bee longevity at concentrations of 15 and 45 ppb imidacloprid (hazard ratio (HR): 0.83 and 0.70, respectively). Quercetin alone and in combination with p-coumaric acid similarly enhanced longevity at 45 ppb imidacloprid (HR:0.81 and HR:0.77, respectively). However, p-coumaric acid in combination with 105 ppb imidacloprid and quercetin in combination with 135 ppb imidacloprid increased honey bee HR by approximately 30% (HR:1.33 and HR:1.30, respectively). Conclusions The biphasic concentration-dependent response of honey bees to imidacloprid in the presence of two ubiquitous dietary phytochemicals indicates that there are limits to the protective effects of the natural diet of honey bees against neonicotinoids based on their own inherent toxicity.
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Li QQ, Wang K, Marcucci MC, Sawaya ACHF, Hu L, Xue XF, Wu LM, Hu FL. Nutrient-rich bee pollen: A treasure trove of active natural metabolites. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Use of principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) for multivariate association between bioactive compounds and functional properties in foods: A critical perspective. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 399] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Liao LH, Wu WY, Berenbaum MR. Behavioral responses of honey bees (Apis mellifera) to natural and synthetic xenobiotics in food. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15924. [PMID: 29162843 PMCID: PMC5698444 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15066-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
While the natural foods of the western honey bee (Apis mellifera) contain diverse phytochemicals, in contemporary agroecosystems honey bees also encounter pesticides as floral tissue contaminants. Whereas some ubiquitous phytochemicals in bee foods up-regulate detoxification and immunity genes, thereby benefiting nestmates, many agrochemical pesticides adversely affect bee health even at sublethal levels. How honey bees assess xenobiotic risk to nestmates as they forage is poorly understood. Accordingly, we tested nine phytochemicals ubiquitous in nectar, pollen, or propolis, as well as five synthetic xenobiotics that frequently contaminate hives—two herbicides (atrazine and glyphosate) and three fungicides (boscalid, chlorothalonil, and prochloraz). In semi-field free-flight experiments, bees were offered a choice between paired sugar water feeders amended with either a xenobiotic or solvent only (control). Among the phytochemicals, foragers consistently preferred quercetin at all five concentrations tested, as evidenced by both visitation frequency and consumption rates. This preference may reflect the long evolutionary association between honey bees and floral tissues. Of pesticides eliciting a response, bees displayed a preference at specific concentrations for glyphosate and chlorothalonil. This paradoxical preference may account for the frequency with which these pesticides occur as hive contaminants and suggests that they present a greater risk factor for honey bee health than previously suspected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Hsiu Liao
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801-3795, USA
| | - Wen-Yen Wu
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801-3795, USA
| | - May R Berenbaum
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801-3795, USA.
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Kalaycıoğlu Z, Kaygusuz H, Döker S, Kolaylı S, Erim F. Characterization of Turkish honeybee pollens by principal component analysis based on their individual organic acids, sugars, minerals, and antioxidant activities. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Sun L, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Zhuang Y. Antioxidant and Anti-tyrosinase Activities of Phenolic Extracts from Rape Bee Pollen and Inhibitory Melanogenesis by cAMP/MITF/TYR Pathway in B16 Mouse Melanoma Cells. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:104. [PMID: 28337140 PMCID: PMC5343546 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rape bee pollen possesses many nutritional and therapeutic properties because of its abundant nutrimental and bioactive components. In this study, free (FPE) and bound (BPE) phenolic extracts of rape bee pollen were obtained, phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined, and composition of phenolic acids was analyzed. In vitro antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase (TYR) activities of FPE and BPE were compared, and inhibitory melanogenesis of FPE was further evaluated. Results showed FPE and BPE contain total phenolic contents of 11.76 and 0.81 mg gallic acid equivalents/g dry weight (DW) and total flavonoid contents of 19.24 and 3.65 mg rutin equivalents/g DW, respectively. Phenolic profiling showed FPE and BPE fractions contained 12 and 9 phenolic acids, respectively. FPE contained the highest rutin content of 774.87 μg/g. FPE and BPE showed the high antioxidant properties in vitro and high inhibitory activities for mushroom TYR. Higher activities of FPE than those of BPE can be attributed to difference in their phenolic compositions. Inhibitory melanogenesis activities of FPE against B16 were further evaluated. Results showed suppressed intracellular TYR activity, reduced melanin content, and promoted glutathione synthesis (p < 0.05) in FPE-treated cells. FPE reduced mRNA expression of TYR, TYR-related protein (TRP)-1 and TRP-2, and significantly suppressed cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels through down-regulation of melanocortin 1 receptor gene expression (p < 0.05). FPE reduced mRNA expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), significantly inhibiting intracellular melanin synthesis (p < 0.05). Hence, FPE regulates melanogenesis of B16 cells involved in cAMP/MITF/TYR pathway. These results revealed that FPE can be used as pharmaceutical agents and cosmetics to protect cells from abnormal melanogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Sun
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming, China
| | - Yanxin Zhang
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming, China
| | - Yongliang Zhuang
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming, China
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Liao LH, Wu WY, Berenbaum MR. Impacts of Dietary Phytochemicals in the Presence and Absence of Pesticides on Longevity of Honey Bees (Apis mellifera). INSECTS 2017; 8:insects8010022. [PMID: 28216580 PMCID: PMC5371950 DOI: 10.3390/insects8010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Revised: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Because certain flavonols and phenolic acids are found in pollen and nectar of most angiosperms, they are routinely ingested by Apis mellifera, the western honey bee. The flavonol quercetin and the phenolic acid p-coumaric acid are known to upregulate detoxification enzymes in adult bees; their presence or absence in the diet may thus affect the toxicity of ingested pesticides. We conducted a series of longevity assays with one-day-old adult workers to test if dietary phytochemicals enhance longevity and pesticide tolerance. One-day-old bees were maintained on sugar syrup with or without casein (a phytochemical-free protein source) in the presence or absence of quercetin and p-coumaric acid as well as in the presence or absence of two pyrethroid insecticides, bifenthrin and β-cyfluthrin. Dietary quercetin (hazard ratio, HR = 0.82), p-coumaric acid (HR = 0.91) and casein (HR = 0.74) were associated with extended lifespan and the two pyrethroid insecticides, 4 ppm bifenthrin (HR = 9.17) and 0.5 ppm β-cyfluthrin (HR = 1.34), reduced lifespan. Dietary quercetin enhanced tolerance of both pyrethroids; p-coumaric acid had a similar effect trend, although of reduced magnitude. Casein in the diet appears to eliminate the life-prolonging effect of p-coumaric acid in the absence of quercetin. Collectively, these assays demonstrate that dietary phytochemicals influence honey bee longevity and pesticide stress; substituting sugar syrups for honey or yeast/soy flour patties may thus have hitherto unrecognized impacts on adult bee health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Hsiu Liao
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 505 S. Goodwin, Urbana, IL 61801-3795, USA.
| | - Wen-Yen Wu
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 505 S. Goodwin, Urbana, IL 61801-3795, USA.
| | - May R Berenbaum
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 505 S. Goodwin, Urbana, IL 61801-3795, USA.
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Disruption of quercetin metabolism by fungicide affects energy production in honey bees ( Apis mellifera). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:2538-2543. [PMID: 28193870 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1614864114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450) in the honey bee, Apis mellifera, detoxify phytochemicals in honey and pollen. The flavonol quercetin is found ubiquitously and abundantly in pollen and frequently at lower concentrations in honey. Worker jelly consumed during the first 3 d of larval development typically contains flavonols at very low levels, however. RNA-Seq analysis of gene expression in neonates reared for three days on diets with and without quercetin revealed that, in addition to up-regulating multiple detoxifying P450 genes, quercetin is a negative transcriptional regulator of mitochondrion-related nuclear genes and genes encoding subunits of complexes I, III, IV, and V in the oxidative phosphorylation pathway. Thus, a consequence of inefficient metabolism of this phytochemical may be compromised energy production. Several P450s metabolize quercetin in adult workers. Docking in silico of 121 pesticide contaminants of American hives into the active pocket of CYP9Q1, a broadly substrate-specific P450 with high quercetin-metabolizing activity, identified six triazole fungicides, all fungal P450 inhibitors, that dock in the catalytic site. In adults fed combinations of quercetin and the triazole myclobutanil, the expression of five of six mitochondrion-related nuclear genes was down-regulated. Midgut metabolism assays verified that adult bees consuming quercetin with myclobutanil metabolized less quercetin and produced less thoracic ATP, the energy source for flight muscles. Although fungicides lack acute toxicity, they may influence bee health by interfering with quercetin detoxification, thereby compromising mitochondrial regeneration and ATP production. Thus, agricultural use of triazole fungicides may put bees at risk of being unable to extract sufficient energy from their natural food.
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Current state of purification, isolation and analysis of bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:1323-1335. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8088-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Zhang Y, Yang F, Jamali MA, Peng Z. Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Lipid Oxidation in Rape (Brassica campestris L.) Bee Pollen Added to Salami during Processing. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21111439. [PMID: 27801831 PMCID: PMC6273772 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21111439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present research investigated the antioxidant effect of rape (Brassica campestris L.) bee pollen (RBP) on salami during processing. Eight flavonoids in RBP ethanol extract were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analysis, and quercetin, rutin, and kaempferol were the major bioactive compounds. The RBP ethanol extract exhibited higher total antioxidant capacity than 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tertramethylchromancarboxylic acid (trolox) at the same concentration. The salami with 0.05% RBP extract had higher catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities than that of the control throughout the processing time (p < 0.05). Significant decreases in peroxide value (POV) and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) were obtained in the final salami product with 0.05% RBP ethanol extract or 1% RBP (p < 0.05). These results suggested that RBP could improve oxidative stability and had a good potential as a natural antioxidant for retarding lipid oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Fengtian Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Muneer Ahmed Jamali
- College of Food Science and Technology, National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Zengqi Peng
- College of Food Science and Technology, National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Zuluaga C, Martínez A, Fernández J, López-Baldó J, Quiles A, Rodrigo D. Effect of high pressure processing on carotenoid and phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity, and microbial counts of bee-pollen paste and bee-pollen-based beverage. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2016.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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