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Truong TT, Huy BT, Huong LTC, Truong HB, Lee YI. Smartphone-based paper strip assay for putrescine and spermidine detection using hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite with Eu 3+ complex. Analyst 2024; 149:2306-2316. [PMID: 38525647 DOI: 10.1039/d4an00219a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
A new method utilizing fluorescent ratiometry is proposed for detecting putrescine and spermidine. The method involves the use of a fluorescent probe comprising a 2D halide perovskite synthesized from octadecylamine-iodine and PbI2via a grinding-sonicating technique, along with a Eu3+-complex. Upon excitation at 290 nm, the probe fluoresces at two distinguishable wavelengths. The addition of putrescine and spermidine significantly decreases the emission of the 2D halide perovskite at 496 nm, while the emission of the Eu3+-complex at 618 nm remains stable. The color changes of the probe depend on the concentration of putrescine and spermidine, and the assay offers linearity over a wide concentration range (30-4000 ng mL-1), a low detection limit (4 ng mL-1 for putrescine, and 7 ng mL-1 for spermidine), and a quick response time. Furthermore, a portable device based on a smartphone can be used to record the color change of the paper test strip using the prepared fluorescent materials. The fluorescence quenching mechanism of the probe is explained as dynamic quenching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thuy Truong
- Anastro Laboratory, Institute of Basic Science, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bui The Huy
- Anastro Laboratory, Institute of Basic Science, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea.
| | - Le Thi Cam Huong
- Anastro Laboratory, Institute of Basic Science, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hai Bang Truong
- Optical Materials Research Group, Science and Technology Advanced Institute, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Applied Technology, School of Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Yong-Ill Lee
- Anastro Laboratory, Institute of Basic Science, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Technical University, Tashkent 100084, Uzbekistan
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Effects of selected Bacillus strains on the biogenic amines, bioactive ingredients and antioxidant capacity of shuidouchi. Int J Food Microbiol 2023; 388:110084. [PMID: 36657185 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.110084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The control of biogenic amines (BAs) is crucial to guarantee the safety of fermented soybean products. In this study, the BAs composition of eleven shuidouchi samples was analyzed, and the BAs degradation strains were selected from shuidouchi samples with a low BAs content. Then the influences of screened BAs degradation strains on BAs, total phenolics (TP), total flavonoids (TF), isoflavones and the antioxidant ability of fermented shuidouchi were evaluated. Results showed that the total BAs content of all shuidouchi samples was within the safe range, while the GZXQ, GZQY and GZMX samples had higher levels of tyramine. Meanwhile, 109 strains were isolated from the YNLJ, GZLG, GZMZ, GZDY, and YNHY sample. Bacillus tropicus A11, Bacillus siamensis D11, Bacillus subtilis T2, and B. subtilis U2 with higher BAs degradation capacity and lower BAs production ability were selected to ferment shuidouchi. These four Bacillus strains could effectively control the BAs concentration of fermented shuidouchi, especially B. tropicus A11 and B. siamensis D11. Furthermore, compared to naturally fermented shuidouchi, higher levels of antioxidant ability, TP, TF, daidzein, glyciein, and genistein were found in the shuidouchi fermented with selected strains. These findings demonstrated that these screened strains could be applied as potential candidates for the production of high quality shuidouchi.
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Submerged and Solid-State Fermentation of Spirulina with Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains: Antimicrobial Properties and the Formation of Bioactive Compounds of Protein Origin. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020248. [PMID: 36829524 PMCID: PMC9952912 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in bioactive compounds (L-glutamic acid (L-Glu), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and biogenic amines (BAs)) during the submerged (SMF) and solid-state (SSF) fermentation of Spirulina with lactobacilli strains (Lacticaseibacillus paracasei No. 244; Levilactobacillus brevis No. 173; Leuconostoc mesenteroides No. 225; Liquorilactobacillus uvarum No. 245). The antimicrobial properties of the untreated and fermented Spirulina against a variety of pathogenic and opportunistic strains were tested. The highest concentrations of L-Glu (3841 mg/kg) and GABA (2396 mg/kg) were found after 48 h of SSF with No. 173 and No. 244 strains, respectively. The LAB strain used for biotreatment and the process conditions, as well as the interaction of these factors, had statistically significant effects on the GABA concentration in Spirulina (p ≤ 0.001, p = 0.019 and p = 0.011, respectively). In all cases, the SSF of Spirulina had a higher total BA content than SMF. Most of the fermented Spirulina showed exceptional antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus but not against the other pathogenic bacteria. The ratios of BA/GABA and BA/L-Glu ranged from 0.5 to 62 and from 0.31 to 10.7, respectively. The GABA content was correlated with putrescine, cadaverine, histamine, tyramine, spermidine and spermine contents. The L-glutamic acid concentration showed positive moderate correlations with tryptamine, putrescine, spermidine and spermine. To summarize, while high concentrations of desirable compounds are formed during fermentation, the formation of non-desirable compounds (BAs) must also be considered due to the similar mechanism of their synthesis as well as the possibility of obtaining high concentrations in the end products.
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Bhikharee D, Rhyman L, Ramasami P. Computational study of the interaction of the psychoactive amphetamine with 1,2-indanedione and 1,8-diazafluoren-9-one as fingerprinting reagents. RSC Adv 2023; 13:4077-4088. [PMID: 36756547 PMCID: PMC9890558 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07044h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we used computational methods to investigate the interaction of amphetamine (AMP) with 1,2-indanedione (IND) and 1,8-diazafluoren-9-one (DFO) so as to understand whether AMP can be detected in latent fingerprints using either of these reagents. The results show that the binding energies of AMP with IND and DFO were enhanced by the presence of amino acid from -9.29 to -12.35 kcal mol-1 and -7.98 to -10.65 kcal mol-1, respectively. The physical origins of these interactions could be better understood by symmetry-adapted perturbation theory. The excited state properties of the binding structures with IND demonstrate distinguishable absorption peaks in the UV-vis spectra but zero fluorescence. Furthermore, the UV-vis spectra of the possible reaction products between AMP and the reagents reveal absorption peaks in the visible spectrum. Therefore, we could predict that reaction of AMP with IND would be observable by a reddish colour while with DFO, a colour change to violet is expected. To conclude, the reagents IND and DFO may be used to detect AMP by UV-vis spectroscopy and if their reactions are allowed, the reagents may then act as a potentially rapid, affordable and easy colorimetric test for AMP in latent fingerprints without destruction of the fingerprint sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Bhikharee
- Computational Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius Réduit 80837 Mauritius
| | - Lydia Rhyman
- Computational Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius Réduit 80837 Mauritius
| | - Ponnadurai Ramasami
- Computational Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius Réduit 80837 Mauritius .,Department of Chemistry, University of South Africa Private Bag X6 Florida 1710 South Africa
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5
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Lavanya R, Srinivasadesikan V, Lin MC, Padmini V. A turn-on fluorescent sensing for the detection of putrescine in fish samples using thiazole derivative. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2023.114546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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6
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Hasanova N, Çelik SE, Apak R. Dithioerythritol functionalized gold nanoparticles−based fluorometric sensing of biogenic amines in food samples. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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7
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Selim AS, Perry JM, Nasr MA, Pimprikar JM, Shih SCC. A Synthetic Biosensor for Detecting Putrescine in Beef Samples. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:5487-5496. [PMID: 36356104 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Biogenic amines (BAs) are toxicological risks present in many food products. Putrescine is the most common foodborne BA and is frequently used as a quality control marker. Currently, there is a lack of regulation concerning safe putrescine limits in food as well as outdated food handling practices leading to unnecessary putrescine intake. Conventional methods used to evaluate BAs in food are generally time-consuming and resource-heavy with few options for on-site analysis. In response to this challenge, we have developed a transcription factor-based biosensor for the quantification of putrescine in beef samples. In this work, we use a naturally occurring putrescine responsive repressor-operator pair (PuuR-puuO) native to Escherichia coli. Moreover, we demonstrate the use of the cell-free putrescine biosensor on a paper-based device that enables rapid low-cost detection of putrescine in beef samples stored at different temperatures. The results presented demonstrate the potential role of using paper-based biosensors for on-site testing, particularly as an index for determining meat product stability and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa S Selim
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, QuébecH4B 1R6, Canada.,Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, QuébecH4B 1R6, Canada
| | - James M Perry
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, QuébecH4B 1R6, Canada.,Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, QuébecH4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Mohamed A Nasr
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, QuébecH4B 1R6, Canada.,Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, QuébecH4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Jay M Pimprikar
- Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, QuébecH4B 1R6, Canada.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve Blvd. West, Montréal, QuébecH3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Steve C C Shih
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, QuébecH4B 1R6, Canada.,Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, QuébecH4B 1R6, Canada.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve Blvd. West, Montréal, QuébecH3G 1M8, Canada
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8
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Sharifnezhad AH, Dashtian K, Amourizi F, Zare-Dorabei R. Development of peptide impregnated V/Fe bimetal Prussian blue analogue as Robust nanozyme for colorimetric fish freshness assessment. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1237:340555. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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9
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dos Santos DM, Cardoso RM, Migliorini FL, Facure MH, Mercante LA, Mattoso LH, Correa DS. Advances in 3D printed sensors for food analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Sun J, Zhang Z, Li H, Yin H, Hao P, Dai X, Jiang K, Liu C, Zhang T, Yin J, Song Y, Zhou W, Gao J. Ultrasensitive SERS Analysis of Liquid and Gaseous Putrescine and Cadaverine by a 3D-Rosettelike Nanostructure-Decorated Flexible Porous Substrate. Anal Chem 2022; 94:5273-5283. [PMID: 35319200 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Putrescine and cadaverine are toxic biogenic amines in spoiled food, which poses a serious threat to food security. In this work, we reported a highly sensitive three-dimensional (3D)-rosettelike surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate functionalized with a p-mercaptobenzoic acid (p-MBA) monolayer to detect liquid and gaseous putrescine and cadaverine in pork samples. The SERS substrate was made by a combination of the merit of the 3D morphology of ZnO nanorod arrays on a flexible porous poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membrane and the in situ chemical growth of Au nanoparticle seeds on Au film-coated ZnO nanorods, which produced a 3D-rosettelike BigAuNP/Au/ZnO/P heterostructure with abundant SERS-active hot spots that significantly enhanced the localized surface plasmonic resonance (LSPR) effect and charge-transfer (CT) effect of Raman enhancement. This SERS substrate showed high sensitivity, reproducibility, stability, and uniformity. With the p-MBA molecular monolayer as the sensing interface, our SERS substrate realized the highly sensitive and quantitative detection of liquid putrescine and cadaverine within 10 min, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 3.2 × 10-16 and 1.6 × 10-13 M, respectively. Additionally, the sensor showed efficient SERS responses to gaseous amine molecules at low concentrations (putrescine: 1.26 × 10-9 M, cadaverine: 2.5 × 10-9 M). Further, the sensor was successfully applied to determine the total content of putrescine and cadaverine. Moreover, the practicability of this SERS sensor was verified by the measurement of liquid and gaseous amines in pork samples, and it showed great potential applications for sensitive detection of food spoilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Sun
- College of Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China.,Changchun Guoke Biochemical Engineering Co., Ltd., Changchun 130000, China
| | - Haiwen Li
- College of Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Huancai Yin
- College of Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Peng Hao
- College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xide Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Keming Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Cong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Jian Yin
- College of Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China.,Shandong Guoke Biochemical Engineering Co., Ltd., Jinan 250000, China
| | - Yizhi Song
- College of Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Wuping Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China.,Shandong Guoke Biochemical Engineering Co., Ltd., Jinan 250000, China
| | - Jing Gao
- College of Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
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12
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Kong F, Mu Y, Zhang X, Lu Q, Yang Z, Yao J, Zhao L. A novel fluorescent probe of alkyne compounds for putrescine detection based on click reaction. RSC Adv 2022; 12:26630-26638. [PMID: 36275156 PMCID: PMC9486977 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04250a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Putrescine is a toxic biogenic amine produced in the process of food spoilage, and a high concentration of biogenic amines in foods will cause health problems such as abnormal blood pressure, headaches and tachycardia asthma/worsening asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanning Kong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Yilin Mu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Qian Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Zhizhou Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Jinshui Yao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Liyun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
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Phookum T, Siripongpreda T, Rodthongkum N, Ummartyotin S. Development of cellulose from recycled office waste paper-based composite as a platform for the colorimetric sensor in food spoilage indicator. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02785-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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14
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Latest trends for biogenic amines detection in foods: Enzymatic biosensors and nanozymes applications. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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Intelligent Packaging for Real-Time Monitoring of Food-Quality: Current and Future Developments. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11083532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Food packaging encompasses the topical role of preserving food, hence, extending the shelf-life, while ensuring the highest quality and safety along the production chain as well as during storage. Intelligent food packaging further develops the functions of traditional packages by introducing the capability of continuously monitoring food quality during the whole chain to assess and reduce the insurgence of food-borne disease and food waste. To this purpose, several sensing systems based on different food quality indicators have been proposed in recent years, but commercial applications remain a challenge. This review provides a critical summary of responsive systems employed in the real-time monitoring of food quality and preservation state. First, food quality indicators are briefly presented, and subsequently, their exploitation to fabricate intelligent packaging based on responsive materials is discussed. Finally, current challenges and future trends are reviewed to highlight the importance of concentrating efforts on developing new functional solutions.
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Siripongpreda T, Siralertmukul K, Rodthongkum N. Colorimetric sensor and LDI-MS detection of biogenic amines in food spoilage based on porous PLA and graphene oxide. Food Chem 2020; 329:127165. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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Zhang H, Chan-Park MB, Wang M. Functional Polymers and Polymer-Dye Composites for Food Sensing. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e2000279. [PMID: 32840324 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The sensitive, safe, and portable detection of food spoilage is becoming unprecedentedly important because it is closely related to the public health and economic development, particularly given the globalization of food supply chain. However, the existing approaches for food monitoring are still limited to meet these requirements. To address this challenge, much research has been done to develop an ideal food sensor that can indicate food quality in real-time in a sensitive and reliable way. So far, many sensors such as time-temperature indicators, smart trademarks, colorimetric tags, electronic noses, and electronic tongues, have been developed and even commercialized. In this feature article, the recent progress of food sensors based on functional polymers, including the molecular design of polymer structures, sensing mechanisms, and relevant processing techniques to fabricate a variety of food sensor devices is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Mary B Chan-Park
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Mingfeng Wang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
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