1
|
Yu Z, Peng Y, Gao J, Zhou M, Shi L, Zhao F, Wang C, Tian X, Feng L, Huo X, Zhang B, Liu M, Fang D, Ma X. The p23 co-chaperone is a succinate-activated COX-2 transcription factor in lung adenocarcinoma tumorigenesis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade0387. [PMID: 37390202 PMCID: PMC10313168 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade0387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
P23, historically known as a heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) co-chaperone, exerts some of its critical functions in an HSP90-independent manner, particularly when it translocates into the nucleus. The molecular nature underlying how this HSP90-independent p23 function is achieved remains as a biological mystery. Here, we found that p23 is a previously unidentified transcription factor of COX-2, and its nuclear localization predicts the poor clinical outcomes. Intratumor succinate promotes p23 succinylation at K7, K33, and K79, which drives its nuclear translocation for COX-2 transcription and consequently fascinates tumor growth. We then identified M16 as a potent p23 succinylation inhibitor from 1.6 million compounds through a combined virtual and biological screening. M16 inhibited p23 succinylation and nuclear translocation, attenuated COX-2 transcription in a p23-dependent manner, and markedly suppressed tumor growth. Therefore, our study defines p23 as a succinate-activated transcription factor in tumor progression and provides a rationale for inhibiting p23 succinylation as an anticancer chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlong Yu
- College of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Yulin Peng
- College of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Meirong Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Lei Shi
- College of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Xiangge Tian
- College of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Lei Feng
- College of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Xiaokui Huo
- College of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Baojing Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Min Liu
- Neurology Department, Dalian University Affiliated Xinhua Hospital, Dalian 116021, China
| | - Deyu Fang
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Xiaochi Ma
- College of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhou A, Zhou K, Li Y. Rational design strategies for functional reconstitution of plant cytochrome P450s in microbial systems. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 60:102005. [PMID: 33647811 PMCID: PMC8435529 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2021.102005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Plant natural products (NPs) are of pharmaceutical and agricultural significance, yet the low abundance is largely impeding the broad investigation and utilization. Microbial bioproduction is a promising alternative sourcing to plant NPs. Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) play an essential role in plant secondary metabolism, and functional reconstitution of plant CYPs in the microbial system is one of the major challenges in establishing efficient microbial plant NP bioproduction. In this review, we briefly summarized the recent progress in rational engineering strategies for enhanced activity of plant CYPs in Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, two commonly used microbial hosts. We believe that in-depth foundational investigations on the native microenvironment of plant CYPs are necessary to adapt the microbial systems for more efficient functional reconstitution of plant CYPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Zhou
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Kang Zhou
- Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Yanran Li
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Structural elements in the flexible tail of the co-chaperone p23 coordinate client binding and progression of the Hsp90 chaperone cycle. Nat Commun 2021; 12:828. [PMID: 33547294 PMCID: PMC7864943 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21063-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The co-chaperone p23 is a central part of the Hsp90 machinery. It stabilizes the closed conformation of Hsp90, inhibits its ATPase and is important for client maturation. Yet, how this is achieved has remained enigmatic. Here, we show that a tryptophan residue in the proximal region of the tail decelerates the ATPase by allosterically switching the conformation of the catalytic loop in Hsp90. We further show by NMR spectroscopy that the tail interacts with the Hsp90 client binding site via a conserved helix. This helical motif in the p23 tail also binds to the client protein glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in the free and Hsp90-bound form. In vivo experiments confirm the physiological importance of ATPase modulation and the role of the evolutionary conserved helical motif for GR activation in the cellular context.
Collapse
|
4
|
Tichá T, Samakovli D, Kuchařová A, Vavrdová T, Šamaj J. Multifaceted roles of HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 90 molecular chaperones in plant development. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:3966-3985. [PMID: 32293686 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS 90 (HSP90s) are molecular chaperones that mediate correct folding and stability of many client proteins. These chaperones act as master molecular hubs involved in multiple aspects of cellular and developmental signalling in diverse organisms. Moreover, environmental and genetic perturbations affect both HSP90s and their clients, leading to alterations of molecular networks determining respectively plant phenotypes and genotypes and contributing to a broad phenotypic plasticity. Although HSP90 interaction networks affecting the genetic basis of phenotypic variation and diversity have been thoroughly studied in animals, such studies are just starting to emerge in plants. Here, we summarize current knowledge and discuss HSP90 network functions in plant development and cellular homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Tichá
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Despina Samakovli
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Kuchařová
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Vavrdová
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Šamaj
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Waters ER, Vierling E. Plant small heat shock proteins - evolutionary and functional diversity. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 227:24-37. [PMID: 32297991 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are an ubiquitous protein family found in archaea, bacteria and eukaryotes. In plants, as in other organisms, sHSPs are upregulated by stress and are proposed to act as molecular chaperones to protect other proteins from stress-induced damage. sHSPs share an 'α-crystallin domain' with a β-sandwich structure and a diverse N-terminal domain. Although sHSPs are 12-25 kDa polypeptides, most assemble into oligomers with ≥ 12 subunits. Plant sHSPs are particularly diverse and numerous; some species have as many as 40 sHSPs. In angiosperms this diversity comprises ≥ 11 sHSP classes encoding proteins targeted to the cytosol, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplasts, mitochondria and peroxisomes. The sHSPs underwent a lineage-specific gene expansion, diversifying early in land plant evolution, potentially in response to stress in the terrestrial environment, and expanded again in seed plants and again in angiosperms. Understanding the structure and evolution of plant sHSPs has progressed, and a model for their chaperone activity has been proposed. However, how the chaperone model applies to diverse sHSPs and what processes sHSPs protect are far from understood. As more plant genomes and transcriptomes become available, it will be possible to explore theories of the evolutionary pressures driving sHSP diversification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R Waters
- Biology Department, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Elizabeth Vierling
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gupta S, Mishra SK, Misra S, Pandey V, Agrawal L, Nautiyal CS, Chauhan PS. Revealing the complexity of protein abundance in chickpea root under drought-stress using a comparative proteomics approach. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 151:88-102. [PMID: 32203884 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Global warming has reached an alarming situation, which led to a dangerous climatic condition. The irregular rainfalls and land degradation are the significant consequences of these climatic changes causing a decrease in crop productivity. The effect of drought and its tolerance mechanism, a comparative roots proteomic analysis of chickpea seedlings grown under hydroponic conditions for three weeks, performed at different time points using 2-Dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). After PD-Quest analysis, 110 differentially expressed spots subjected to MALDI-TOF/TOF and 75 spots identified with a significant score. These identified proteins classified into eight categories based on their functional annotation. Proteins involved in carbon and energy metabolism comprised 23% of total identified proteins include mainly glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, transaldolase, and isocitrate dehydrogenase. Proteins related to stress response (heat-shock protein, CS domain protein, and chitinase 2-like) contributed 16% of total protein spots followed by 13% involved in protein metabolism (adenosine kinase 2, and protein disulfide isomerase). ROS metabolism contributed 13% (glutathione S-transferase, ascorbate peroxidase, and thioredoxin), and 9% for signal transduction (actin-101, and 14-3-3-like protein B). Five percent protein identified for secondary metabolism (cinnamoyl-CoA reductase-1 and chalcone-flavononeisomerase 2) and 7% for nitrogen (N) and amino acid metabolism (glutamine synthetase and homocysteine methyltransferase). The abundance of some proteins validated by using Western blotting and Real-Time-PCR. The detailed information for drought-responsive root protein(s) through comparative proteomics analysis can be utilized in the future for genetic improvement programs to develop drought-tolerant chickpea lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swati Gupta
- Microbial Technology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Shashank Kumar Mishra
- Microbial Technology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India
| | - Sankalp Misra
- Microbial Technology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Vivek Pandey
- Plant Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India
| | - Lalit Agrawal
- Microbial Technology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India; Department of Agriculture and Allied Sciences, Doon Business School, Dehradun, 248001, India.
| | - Chandra Shekhar Nautiyal
- Microbial Technology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India.
| | - Puneet Singh Chauhan
- Microbial Technology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Phosphorylation of p23-1 cochaperone by protein kinase CK2 affects root development in Arabidopsis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9846. [PMID: 31285503 PMCID: PMC6614504 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46327-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Root growth is a fundamental process in plants and assures nutrient and water uptake required for efficient photosynthesis and metabolism. Postembryonic development of roots is controlled by the functionality of the meristem. Several hormones and signaling molecules regulate the size of the meristem, and among them, auxins play a major role. Protein kinase CK2, along with the chaperone protein HSP90, has been found to be involved in the regulation of auxin transport. Here, we show that p23-1, a cochaperone of HSP90, is phosphorylated by CK2 in Arabidopsis. We identified Ser201 as the major CK2 target site in p23-1 and demonstrated that phosphorylation of this site is necessary for normal root development. Moreover, we shed light on the nature of CK2 in Arabidopsis, showing that the three catalytic isoforms, CK2 αA, αB and αC, are proteins of approximately 40 kDa. Our results increase knowledge of the connection among HSP90, p23-1 and CK2 in Arabidopsis, suggesting the existence of a possible common root development mechanism controlled by these signaling molecules.
Collapse
|
8
|
Donato M, Geisler M. HSP
90 and co‐chaperones: a multitaskers’ view on plant hormone biology. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:1415-1430. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Donato
- Department of Biology University of Fribourg Switzerland
| | - Markus Geisler
- Department of Biology University of Fribourg Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Telomeres in Plants and Humans: Not So Different, Not So Similar. Cells 2019; 8:cells8010058. [PMID: 30654521 PMCID: PMC6356271 DOI: 10.3390/cells8010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Parallel research on multiple model organisms shows that while some principles of telomere biology are conserved among all eukaryotic kingdoms, we also find some deviations that reflect different evolutionary paths and life strategies, which may have diversified after the establishment of telomerase as a primary mechanism for telomere maintenance. Much more than animals, plants have to cope with environmental stressors, including genotoxic factors, due to their sessile lifestyle. This is, in principle, made possible by an increased capacity and efficiency of the molecular systems ensuring maintenance of genome stability, as well as a higher tolerance to genome instability. Furthermore, plant ontogenesis differs from that of animals in which tissue differentiation and telomerase silencing occur during early embryonic development, and the “telomere clock” in somatic cells may act as a preventive measure against carcinogenesis. This does not happen in plants, where growth and ontogenesis occur through the serial division of apical meristems consisting of a small group of stem cells that generate a linear series of cells, which differentiate into an array of cell types that make a shoot and root. Flowers, as generative plant organs, initiate from the shoot apical meristem in mature plants which is incompatible with the human-like developmental telomere shortening. In this review, we discuss differences between human and plant telomere biology and the implications for aging, genome stability, and cell and organism survival. In particular, we provide a comprehensive comparative overview of telomere proteins acting in humans and in Arabidopsis thaliana model plant, and discuss distinct epigenetic features of telomeric chromatin in these species.
Collapse
|
10
|
Martini C, Bédard M, Lavigne P, Denault JB. Characterization of Hsp90 Co-Chaperone p23 Cleavage by Caspase-7 Uncovers a Peptidase–Substrate Interaction Involving Intrinsically Disordered Regions. Biochemistry 2017; 56:5099-5111. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cyrielle Martini
- Department
of Pharmacology-Physiology and ‡Department of Biochemistry, Institut
de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Mikaël Bédard
- Department
of Pharmacology-Physiology and ‡Department of Biochemistry, Institut
de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Pierre Lavigne
- Department
of Pharmacology-Physiology and ‡Department of Biochemistry, Institut
de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Jean-Bernard Denault
- Department
of Pharmacology-Physiology and ‡Department of Biochemistry, Institut
de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
D'Alessandro S, Golin S, Hardtke CS, Lo Schiavo F, Zottini M. The co-chaperone p23 controls root development through the modulation of auxin distribution in the Arabidopsis root meristem. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:5113-22. [PMID: 26163704 PMCID: PMC4513928 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Homologues of the p23 co-chaperone of HSP90 are present in all eukaryotes, suggesting conserved functions for this protein throughout evolution. Although p23 has been extensively studied in animal systems, little is known about its function in plants. In the present study, the functional characterization of the two isoforms of p23 in Arabidopsis thaliana is reported, suggesting a key role of p23 in the regulation of root development. Arabidopsis p23 mutants, for either form, show a short root length phenotype with a reduced meristem length. In the root meristem a low auxin level associated with a smaller auxin gradient was observed. A decrease in the expression levels of PIN FORMED PROTEIN (PIN)1, PIN3, and PIN7, contextually to an inefficient polar localization of PIN1, was detected. Collectively these results suggest that both Arabidopsis p23 isoforms are required for root growth, in particular in the maintenance of the root meristem, where the proteins are located.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano D'Alessandro
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Serena Golin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Christian S Hardtke
- University of Lausanne - Biophore Building, DBMV CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fiorella Lo Schiavo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Michela Zottini
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Hsp90 is a conserved molecular chaperone and is responsible for the folding and activation of several hundred client proteins, involved in various cellular processes. The large number and the diversity of these client proteins demand a high adaptiveness of Hsp90 towards the need of the individual client. This adaptiveness is amongst others mediated by more than 20 so-called cochaperones that differ in their actions towards Hsp90. Some of these cochaperones are able to modulate the ATPase activity of Hsp90 and/or its client protein binding, folding and activation. p23 and Aha1 are two prominent examples with opposing effects on the ATPase activity of Hsp90. p23 is able to inhibit the ATP turnover while Aha1 is the strongest known activator of the ATPase activity of Hsp90. Even though both cochaperones are conserved from yeast to man and have been studied for years, some Hsp90-related as well as Hsp90-independent functions are still enigmatic and under current investigation. In this chapter, we first introduce the ATPase cycle of Hsp90 and then focus on the two cochaperones integrating them in the Hsp90 cycle.
Collapse
|
13
|
Kadota Y, Shirasu K. The HSP90 complex of plants. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2011; 1823:689-97. [PMID: 22001401 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2011.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Revised: 09/12/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a highly conserved and essential molecular chaperone involved in maturation and activation of signaling proteins in eukaryotes. HSP90 operates as a dimer in a conformational cycle driven by ATP binding and hydrolysis. HSP90 often functions together with co-chaperones that regulate the conformational cycle and/or load a substrate "client" protein onto HSP90. In plants, immune sensing NLR (nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat containing) proteins are among the few known client proteins of HSP90. In the process of chaperoning NLR proteins, co-chaperones, RAR1 and SGT1 function together with HSP90. Recent structural and functional analyses indicate that RAR1 dynamically controls conformational changes of the HSP90 dimer, allowing SGT1 to bridge the interaction between NLR proteins and HSP90. Here, we discuss the regulation of NLR proteins by HSP90 upon interaction with RAR1 and SGT1, emphasizing the recent progress in our understanding of the structure and function of the complex. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90).
Collapse
|
14
|
The p23 co-chaperone protein is a novel substrate of CK2 in Arabidopsis. Mol Cell Biochem 2011; 356:245-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-011-0969-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
15
|
In silico identification of carboxylate clamp type tetratricopeptide repeat proteins in Arabidopsis and rice as putative co-chaperones of Hsp90/Hsp70. PLoS One 2010; 5:e12761. [PMID: 20856808 PMCID: PMC2939883 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0012761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2009] [Accepted: 07/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The essential eukaryotic molecular chaperone Hsp90 operates with the help of different co-chaperones, which regulate its ATPase activity and serve as adaptors to recruit client proteins and other molecular chaperones, such as Hsp70, to the Hsp90 complex. Several Hsp90 and Hsp70 co-chaperones contain the tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domain, which interacts with the highly conserved EEVD motif at the C-terminal ends of Hsp90 and Hsp70. The acidic side chains in EEVD interact with a subset of basic residues in the TPR binding pocket called a 'carboxylate clamp'. Since the carboxylate clamp residues are conserved in the TPR domains of known Hsp90/Hsp70 co-chaperones, we carried out an in silico search for TPR proteins in Arabidopsis and rice comprising of at least one three-motif TPR domain with conserved amino acid residues required for Hsp90/Hsp70 binding. This approach identified in Arabidopsis a total of 36 carboxylate clamp (CC)-TPR proteins, including 24 novel proteins, with potential to interact with Hsp90/Hsp70. The newly identified CC-TPR proteins in Arabidopsis and rice contain additional protein domains such as ankyrin, SET, octicosapeptide/Phox/Bem1p (Phox/PB1), DnaJ-like, thioredoxin, FBD and F-box, and protein kinase and U-box, indicating varied functions for these proteins. To provide proof-of-concept of the newly identified CC-TPR proteins for interaction with Hsp90, we demonstrated interaction of AtTPR1 and AtTPR2 with AtHsp90 in yeast two-hybrid and in vitro pull down assays. These findings indicate that the in silico approach used here successfully identified in a genome-wide context CC-TPR proteins with potential to interact with Hsp90/Hsp70, and further suggest that the Hsp90/Hsp70 system relies on TPR co-chaperones more than it was previously realized.
Collapse
|