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Olas B, Kontek B, Sławińska N, Białecki J. New Findings Regarding the Effects of Selected Blue Food Colorants (Genipin, Patent Blue V, and Brilliant Blue FCF) on the Hemostatic Properties of Blood Components In Vitro. Nutrients 2024; 16:1985. [PMID: 38999733 PMCID: PMC11243173 DOI: 10.3390/nu16131985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural and synthetic colorants present in food can modulate hemostasis, which includes the coagulation process and blood platelet activation. Some colorants have cardioprotective activity as well. However, the effect of genipin (a natural blue colorant) and synthetic blue colorants (including patent blue V and brilliant blue FCF) on hemostasis is not clear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of three blue colorants-genipin, patent blue V, and brilliant blue FCF-on selected parameters of hemostasis in vitro. The anti- or pro-coagulant potential was assessed in human plasma by measuring the following coagulation times: thrombin time (TT), prothrombin time (PT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). Moreover, we used the Total Thrombus formation Analysis System (T-TAS, PL-chip) to evaluate the anti-platelet potential of the colorants in whole blood. We also measured their effect on the adhesion of washed blood platelets to fibrinogen and collagen. Lastly, the cytotoxicity of the colorants against blood platelets was assessed based on the activity of extracellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). We observed that genipin (at all concentrations (1-200 µM)) did not have a significant effect on the coagulation times (PT, APTT, and TT). However, genipin at the highest concentration (200 µM) and patent blue V at the concentrations of 1 and 10 µM significantly prolonged the time of occlusion measured using the T-TAS, which demonstrated their anti-platelet activity. We also observed that genipin decreased the adhesion of platelets to fibrinogen and collagen. Only patent blue V and brilliant blue FCF significantly shortened the APTT (at the concentration of 10 µM) and TT (at concentrations of 1 and 10 µM), demonstrating pro-coagulant activity. These synthetic blue colorants also modulated the process of human blood platelet adhesion, stimulating the adhesion to fibrinogen and inhibiting the adhesion to collagen. The results demonstrate that genipin is not toxic. In addition, because of its ability to reduce blood platelet activation, genipin holds promise as a novel and valuable agent that improves the health of the cardiovascular system and reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanism of its anti-platelet activity remains unclear and requires further studies. Its in vivo activity and interaction with various anti-coagulant and anti-thrombotic drugs, including aspirin and its derivatives, should be examined as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Olas
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Bogdan Kontek
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Natalia Sławińska
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Białecki
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
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Haidar A, Ali AA, Veziroglu S, Fiutowski J, Eichler H, Müller I, Kiefer K, Faupel F, Bischoff M, Veith M, Aktas OC, Abdul-Khaliq H. PTFEP-Al 2O 3 hybrid nanowires reducing thrombosis and biofouling. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:4659-4664. [PMID: 36133130 PMCID: PMC9419761 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00436j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Thrombosis and bacterial infection are major problems in cardiovascular implants. Here we demonstrated that a superhydrophobic surface composed of poly(bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)phosphazene) (PTFEP)-Al2O3 hybrid nanowires (NWs) is effective to reduce both platelet adhesion/activation and bacterial adherence/colonization. The proposed approach allows surface modification of cardiovascular implants which have 3D complex geometries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Haidar
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Saarland University Building 9 66421 Homburg Germany
| | - Awadelkareem A Ali
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Saarland University Building 9 66421 Homburg Germany
| | - Salih Veziroglu
- Chair for Multicomponent Materials, Institute for Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel Kaiserstr. 2 24143 Kiel Germany
| | - Jacek Fiutowski
- Mads Clausen Institute, NanoSYD, University of Southern Denmark Alsion 2 6400 Sønderborg Denmark
| | - Hermann Eichler
- Institute of Clinical Hemostaseology and Transfusion Medicine, Saarland University Building 1, Ringstr. 52 66421 Homburg Germany
| | - Isabelle Müller
- Institute of Clinical Hemostaseology and Transfusion Medicine, Saarland University Building 1, Ringstr. 52 66421 Homburg Germany
| | - Karin Kiefer
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Saarland University Building 9 66421 Homburg Germany
| | - Franz Faupel
- Chair for Multicomponent Materials, Institute for Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel Kaiserstr. 2 24143 Kiel Germany
| | - Markus Bischoff
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University Homburg/Saar 66421 Germany
| | - Michael Veith
- INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2 Saarbrücken 66123 Germany
| | - Oral Cenk Aktas
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Saarland University Building 9 66421 Homburg Germany
- Chair for Multicomponent Materials, Institute for Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel Kaiserstr. 2 24143 Kiel Germany
| | - Hashim Abdul-Khaliq
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Saarland University Building 9 66421 Homburg Germany
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Rocheleau AD, Khader A, Ngo AT, Boehnlein C, McDavitt C, Lattimore S, Recht M, McCarty OJ, Haley KM. Pilot study of novel lab methodology and testing of platelet function in adolescent women with heavy menstrual bleeding. Pediatr Res 2018; 83:693-701. [PMID: 29166373 PMCID: PMC5902421 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2017.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BackgroundApproximately 40% of adolescent women experience heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB), and 10-62% of them have an underlying bleeding disorder (BD). Diagnosing a BD remains challenging because of limitations of available clinical platelet function assays. The aim of this study was to characterize platelet function in a population of adolescent women with HMB using small-volume whole-blood assays.MethodsAnticoagulated whole blood was used to assess platelet GPIIbIIIa activation, α-granule secretion, and aggregation in response to multiple agonists. Platelet adhesion on collagen or von Willebrand Factor (VWF) under static and shear flow was also assessed.ResultsFifteen participants with HMB were included in the study, of which eight were diagnosed with a clinically identifiable BD. Platelet activation was blunted in response to calcium ionophore in participants without a BD diagnosis compared with that in all other participants. Impaired GPIIbIIIa activation was observed in response to all GPCR agonists, except adenosine diphosphate (ADP), in participants with qualitative platelet disorders. Our assays detected platelet aggregation in the majority of participants with a BD in response to ADP, collagen-related peptide (CRP), thrombin receptor activator 6 (TRAP-6), or U46619. Platelet adhesion and aggregation on collagen and VWF was decreased for participants with VWD.ConclusionParticipants with and without BD exhibited aberrant platelet function in several assays in response to select agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne D. Rocheleau
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, Oregon
| | - Ayesha Khader
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, Oregon
| | - Anh T.P. Ngo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, Oregon
| | - Colin Boehnlein
- The Hemophilia Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, Oregon
| | - Cara McDavitt
- The Hemophilia Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, Oregon
| | - Susan Lattimore
- The Hemophilia Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, Oregon
| | - Michael Recht
- The Hemophilia Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, Oregon
| | - Owen J.T. McCarty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, Oregon
| | - Kristina M. Haley
- The Hemophilia Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, Oregon
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Zilberman-Rudenko J, Sylman JL, Lakshmanan HHS, McCarty OJT, Maddala J. Dynamics of blood flow and thrombus formation in a multi-bypass microfluidic ladder network. Cell Mol Bioeng 2016; 10:16-29. [PMID: 28580033 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-016-0470-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The reaction dynamics of a complex mixture of cells and proteins, such as blood, in branched circulatory networks within the human microvasculature or extravascular therapeutic devices such as extracorporeal oxygenation machine (ECMO) remains ill-defined. In this report we utilize a multi-bypass microfluidics ladder network design with dimensions mimicking venules to study patterns of blood platelet aggregation and fibrin formation under complex shear. Complex blood fluid dynamics within multi-bypass networks under flow were modeled using COMSOL. Red blood cells and platelets were assumed to be non-interacting spherical particles transported by the bulk fluid flow, and convection of the activated coagulation factor II, thrombin, was assumed to be governed by mass transfer. This model served as the basis for predicting formation of local shear rate gradients, stagnation points and recirculation zones as dictated by the bypass geometry. Based on the insights from these models, we were able to predict the patterns of blood clot formation at specific locations in the device. Our experimental data was then used to adjust the model to account for the dynamical presence of thrombus formation in the biorheology of blood flow. The model predictions were then compared to results from experiments using recalcified whole human blood. Microfluidic devices were coated with the extracellular matrix protein, fibrillar collagen, and the initiator of the extrinsic pathway of coagulation, tissue factor. Blood was perfused through the devices at a flow rate of 2 µL/min, translating to physiologically relevant initial shear rates of 300 and 700 s-1 for main channels and bypasses, respectively. Using fluorescent and light microscopy, we observed distinct flow and thrombus formation patterns near channel intersections at bypass points, within recirculation zones and at stagnation points. Findings from this proof-of-principle ladder network model suggest a specific correlation between microvascular geometry and thrombus formation dynamics under shear. This model holds potential for use as an integrative approach to identify regions susceptible to intravascular thrombus formation within the microvasculature as well as extravascular devices such as ECMO.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joanna L Sylman
- Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Hari H S Lakshmanan
- Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - Owen J T McCarty
- Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Jeevan Maddala
- Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
- Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
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Zilberman-Rudenko J, Itakura A, Maddala J, Baker-Groberg SM, Vetter R, Tucker EI, Gruber A, Gerdes C, McCarty OJT. Biorheology of platelet activation in the bloodstream distal to thrombus formation. Cell Mol Bioeng 2016; 9:496-508. [PMID: 28083075 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-016-0448-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombus growth at the site of vascular injury is mediated by the sequential events of platelet recruitment, activation and aggregation concomitant with the initiation of the coagulation cascade, resulting in local thrombin generation and fibrin formation. While the biorheology of a localized thrombus formation has been well studied, it is unclear whether local sites of thrombin generation propagate platelet activation within the bloodstream. In order to study the physical biology of platelet activation downstream of sites of thrombus formation, we developed a platform to measure platelet activation and microaggregate formation in the bloodstream. Our results show that thrombi formed on collagen and tissue factor promote activation and aggregation of platelets in the bloodstream in a convection-dependent manner. Pharmacological inhibition of the coagulation factors (F) X, XI or thrombin dramatically reduced the degree of distal platelet activation and microaggregate formation in the bloodstream without affecting the degree of local platelet deposition and aggregation on a surface of immobilized collagen. Herein we describe the development and an example of the utility of a platform to study platelet activation and microaggregate formation in the bloodstream (convection-limited regime) relative to the local site of thrombus formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jevgenia Zilberman-Rudenko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3303 SW Bond Ave, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Asako Itakura
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, USA; Drug Discovery, Bayer Pharma AG, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Jeevan Maddala
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3303 SW Bond Ave, Portland, OR, USA; Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - Sandra M Baker-Groberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3303 SW Bond Ave, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ralf Vetter
- Drug Discovery, Bayer Pharma AG, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Erik I Tucker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3303 SW Bond Ave, Portland, OR, USA; Division of Hematology / Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - András Gruber
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3303 SW Bond Ave, Portland, OR, USA; Division of Hematology / Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Aronora Inc., Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Owen J T McCarty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3303 SW Bond Ave, Portland, OR, USA; Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, USA; Division of Hematology / Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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Baker-Groberg SM, Lattimore S, Recht M, McCarty OJ, Haley KM. Assessment of neonatal platelet adhesion, activation, and aggregation. J Thromb Haemost 2016; 14:815-27. [PMID: 26806373 PMCID: PMC4828266 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acquired and inherited bleeding disorders may present in the neonatal period with devastating lifelong effects. Diagnosing bleeding disorders in the neonatal population could aid in preventing and treating the associated complications. However, currently available platelet function testing is limited in neonates, owing to difficulties in obtaining an adequate blood volume, a lack of normal reference ranges, and an incomplete understanding of the neonatal platelet functional phenotype. OBJECTIVE To develop small-volume, whole blood platelet function assays in order to quantify and compare neonatal and adult platelet function. METHODS AND RESULTS Peripheral blood was obtained from healthy, full-term neonates at 24 h of life. Platelet activation, secretion and aggregation were measured via flow cytometry. Platelet adhesion and aggregation were assessed under static and flow conditions. As compared with adult platelets, peripheral neonatal platelet P-selectin expression and integrin glycoprotein IIbIIIa activation were significantly reduced in response to the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) agonists thrombin receptor activator peptide-6 (TRAP-6), ADP, and U46619, and the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) signaling pathway agonists collagen-related peptide (CRP) and rhodocytin. Neonatal platelet aggregation was markedly reduced in response to TRAP-6, ADP, U46619, CRP and rhodocytin as compared with adult platelets. The extents of neonatal and adult platelet adhesion and aggregate formation under static and shear conditions on collagen and von Willebrand factor were similar. CONCLUSIONS As compared with adult platelets, we found that neonatal platelet activation and secretion were blunted in response to GPCR or ITAM agonists, whereas the extent of neonatal platelet adhesion and aggregate formation was similar to that of adult platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M. Baker-Groberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3303 SW Bond Ave, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Susan Lattimore
- The Hemophilia Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 700 SW Campus Drive, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Michael Recht
- The Hemophilia Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 700 SW Campus Drive, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Owen J.T. McCarty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3303 SW Bond Ave, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Kristina M. Haley
- The Hemophilia Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 700 SW Campus Drive, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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Lamberti G, Soroush F, Smith A, Kiani MF, Prabhakarpandian B, Pant K. Adhesion patterns in the microvasculature are dependent on bifurcation angle. Microvasc Res 2015; 99:19-25. [PMID: 25708050 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Particle adhesion in vivo is highly dependent on the microvascular environment comprising of unique anatomical, geometrical, physiological fluid flow conditions and cell-particle and cell-cell interactions. Hence, proper design of vascular-targeted drug carriers that efficiently deliver therapeutics to the targeted cells or tissue at effective concentrations must account for these complex conditions observed in vivo. In this study, we build upon our previous results with the goal of characterizing the effects of bifurcations and their corresponding angle on adhesion of functionalized particles and neutrophils to activated endothelium. Our hypothesis is that adhesion is significantly affected by the type of biochemical interactions between particles and vessel wall as well as the presence of bifurcations and their corresponding angle. Here, we investigate adhesion of functionalized particles (2 μm and 7 μm microparticles) to protein coated channels as well as adhesion of human neutrophils to human endothelial cells under various physiological flow conditions in microfluidic bifurcating channels comprising of different contained angles (30°, 60°, 90°, or 120°). Our findings indicate that both functionalized particle and neutrophil adhesion propensity increase with a larger bifurcation angle. Moreover, the difference in the adhesion patterns of neutrophils and rigid, similar sized (7 μm) particles is more apparent in the junction regions with a larger contained angle. By selecting the right particle size range, enhanced targeted binding of vascular drug carriers can be achieved along with a higher efficacy at optimal drug dosage. Hence, vascular drug particle design needs to be tailored to account for higher binding propensity at larger bifurcation angles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Lamberti
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University, 1947 N. 12th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Fariborz Soroush
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University, 1947 N. 12th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Ashley Smith
- Biomedical Technology, CFD Research Corporation, 701 McMillian Way, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
| | - Mohammad F Kiani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University, 1947 N. 12th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Temple University School of Medicine, 3500 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | | | - Kapil Pant
- Biomedical Technology, CFD Research Corporation, 701 McMillian Way, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
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