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Zheng P, Dou Y, Wang Q. Immune response and treatment targets of chronic hepatitis B virus infection: innate and adaptive immunity. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1206720. [PMID: 37424786 PMCID: PMC10324618 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1206720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major global public health risk that threatens human life and health, although the number of vaccinated people has increased. The clinical outcome of HBV infection depends on the complex interplay between viral replication and the host immune response. Innate immunity plays an important role in the early stages of the disease but retains no long-term immune memory. However, HBV evades detection by the host innate immune system through stealth. Therefore, adaptive immunity involving T and B cells is crucial for controlling and clearing HBV infections that lead to liver inflammation and damage. The persistence of HBV leads to immune tolerance owing to immune cell dysfunction, T cell exhaustion, and an increase in suppressor cells and cytokines. Although significant progress has been made in HBV treatment in recent years, the balance between immune tolerance, immune activation, inflammation, and fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B remains unknown, making a functional cure difficult to achieve. Therefore, this review focuses on the important cells involved in the innate and adaptive immunity of chronic hepatitis B that target the host immune system and identifies treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Graduate School of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yongqing Dou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qinying Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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2
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Cedzyński M, Świerzko AS. Components of the Lectin Pathway of Complement in Solid Tumour Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061543. [PMID: 35326694 PMCID: PMC8946279 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The complement system is an important branch of the humoral innate immune response that can be activated via three distinct pathways (classical, alternative, lectin), contributing to keeping/restoring homeostasis. It can also interact with cellular innate immunity and with components of acquired immunity. Cross-talk between the complement system and other enzyme-dependent cascades makes it a more influential defence system, but on the other hand, over- or chronic activation can be harmful. This short review is focused on the dual role of the lectin pathway of complement activation in human solid tumour cancers, including those of the female reproductive system, lung, and alimentary tract, with emphasis on the aforementioned cross-talk.
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Giraudi PJ, Salvoza N, Bonazza D, Saitta C, Lombardo D, Casagranda B, de Manzini N, Pollicino T, Raimondo G, Tiribelli C, Palmisano S, Rosso N. Ficolin-2 Plasma Level Assesses Liver Fibrosis in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2813. [PMID: 35269955 PMCID: PMC8911336 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is the strongest predictor for disease-specific mortality in non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD), but the need for liver biopsy limits its diagnosis. We assessed the performance of plasma ficolin-2 (FCN-2) as a biomarker of fibrosis identified by an in silico discovery strategy. Two hundred and thirty-five morbidly obese (MO) subjects with biopsy-proven NAFLD stratified by fibrosis stage (F0, n = 44; F1, n = 134; F2, n = 46; F3/F4, n = 11) and 40 cirrhotic patients were enrolled. The cohort was subdivided into discovery (n = 76) and validation groups (n = 159). The plasma level of FCN-2 and other candidate markers was determined. FCN-2 was inversely correlated with the stage of liver fibrosis (ρ = −0.49, p < 0.001) independently of steatosis (p = 0.90), inflammation (p = 0.57), and ballooning (p = 0.59). In the global cohort, FCN-2 level decreased significantly in a stepwise fashion from F0/F1 (median 4753 ng/mL) to F2−F3−F4 (2760 ng/mL) and in cirrhotic subjects (1418 ng/mL). The diagnostic performance of FCN-2 in detecting F ≥ 2 was higher than other indexes (APRI, FIB-4) (AUROC 0.82, 0.68, and 0.6, respectively). The accuracy improved when combined with APRI score and HDL values (FCNscore, AUROC 0.85). Overall, the FCN-2 plasma level can accurately discriminate liver fibrosis status (minimal vs. moderate/advanced) significantly improving the fibrosis diagnostic algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo J. Giraudi
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato, Centro Studi Fegato, Area Science Park Basovizza Bldg.Q SS14 Km, 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (N.S.); (C.T.); (S.P.); (N.R.)
| | - Noel Salvoza
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato, Centro Studi Fegato, Area Science Park Basovizza Bldg.Q SS14 Km, 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (N.S.); (C.T.); (S.P.); (N.R.)
- Philippine Council for Health Research and Development, DOST Compound, Bicutan Taguig City 1631, Philippines
| | - Deborah Bonazza
- Surgical Pathology Unit, Cattinara Hospital, ASUGI, 34149 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Carlo Saitta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Medicine and Hepatology, Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, University Hospital of Messina, 98121 Messina, Italy; (C.S.); (D.L.); (G.R.)
| | - Daniele Lombardo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Medicine and Hepatology, Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, University Hospital of Messina, 98121 Messina, Italy; (C.S.); (D.L.); (G.R.)
| | - Biagio Casagranda
- Surgical Clinic Division, Cattinara Hospital, ASUGI, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (B.C.); (N.d.M.)
| | - Nicolò de Manzini
- Surgical Clinic Division, Cattinara Hospital, ASUGI, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (B.C.); (N.d.M.)
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Teresa Pollicino
- Department of Human Pathology, Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, University Hospital of Messina, 98121 Messina, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Raimondo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Medicine and Hepatology, Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, University Hospital of Messina, 98121 Messina, Italy; (C.S.); (D.L.); (G.R.)
| | - Claudio Tiribelli
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato, Centro Studi Fegato, Area Science Park Basovizza Bldg.Q SS14 Km, 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (N.S.); (C.T.); (S.P.); (N.R.)
| | - Silvia Palmisano
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato, Centro Studi Fegato, Area Science Park Basovizza Bldg.Q SS14 Km, 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (N.S.); (C.T.); (S.P.); (N.R.)
- Surgical Clinic Division, Cattinara Hospital, ASUGI, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (B.C.); (N.d.M.)
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Natalia Rosso
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato, Centro Studi Fegato, Area Science Park Basovizza Bldg.Q SS14 Km, 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (N.S.); (C.T.); (S.P.); (N.R.)
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Boldt ABW, Oliveira-Toré CDF, Kretzschmar GC, Weinschutz Mendes H, Stinghen ST, Andrade FA, Bumiller-Bini V, Gonçalves LB, Braga ACDM, Stahlke EVRS, Velavan TP, Thiel S, de Messias-Reason IJT. Hepatitis B Virus Infection Among Leprosy Patients: A Case for Polymorphisms Compromising Activation of the Lectin Pathway and Complement Receptors. Front Immunol 2021; 11:574457. [PMID: 33643280 PMCID: PMC7904891 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.574457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Thousands of leprosy patients not only suffer from physical deformities, but also either have or have had hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection. Polymorphisms of the complement system modulate susceptibility to leprosy, but genetic susceptibility to past or present HBV infection is unknown. We used sequencing and multiplex sequence-specific PCR to genotype 72 polymorphisms of seven genes (MBL2, FCN1, FCN2, FCN3, MASP1, MASP2, C3) encoding components of the lectin pathway, and two genes encoding complement receptors (CR1, VSIG4) in 190 patients, of which 74 were positive for HBsAg and/or anti-HBc (HBV+, 93.2% with a resolved infection) and 116 lepromatous patients, and 408 HBV-blood donors. In addition, we tested for levels of proteins of the lectin pathway. We found no difference between serum concentrations of mannan-binding lectin (MBL), MBL-associated serine proteins (MASP-1, MASP-2, MASP-3, MAp44), ficolin-3 (FCN-3), soluble complement receptor 1 (sCR1) and MBL mediated C4 activation, measured by ELISA or TRIFMA in up to 167 HBV+ and HBV- patients. Haplotypes lowering protein levels or encoding dysfunctional proteins increased susceptibility to HBV infection: MBL2*LYQC (OR = 3.4, p = 0.02), MASP1*AC_CC (OR = 4.0, p = 0.015) and MASP2*1C2-l (OR = 5.4, p = 0.03). Conversely, FCN1*3C2 haplotype, associated with higher gene expression, was protective (OR = 0.56, P = 0.033). Other haplotypes associated with HBV susceptibility were: MASP2*2B1-i (OR = 19.25, P = 0.003), CR1*3A (OR = 2.65, P = 0.011) and VSIG4*TGGRCG (OR = 12.55, P = 0.014). Some polymorphisms in ficolin genes associated with lower protein levels increased susceptibility to leprosy/HBV infection: FCN*1 (OR = 1.66, P = 0.029), FCN2*GGGCAC (OR = 6.73, P = 0.008), and FCN3*del_del_C (OR = 12.54, P = 0.037), and to lepromatous disease/HBV infection: FCN2*TA (OR = 2.5, P = 0.009), whereas FCN2*MAG was associated with increased FCN-2 expression and resistance against coinfection (OR = 0.29, P = 0.026). These associations were independent of demographic factors and did not increase susceptibility to leprosy per se, except MASP2*1C2-l. Associations for FCN2, FCN3, MASP1, MASP2, and VSIG4 variants were also independent of each other. In conclusion, polymorphisms compromising activation of the lectin pathway of complement increase susceptibility to HBV infection, with ficolin polymorphisms playing a major role in modulating the susceptibility among leprosy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Beate Winter Boldt
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Postgraduate Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Postgraduate Program in Internal Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Pathology, Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Camila de Freitas Oliveira-Toré
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Postgraduate Program in Internal Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Pathology, Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Canalli Kretzschmar
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Postgraduate Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Hellen Weinschutz Mendes
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Postgraduate Program in Internal Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Pathology, Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Sérvio Túlio Stinghen
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Postgraduate Program in Internal Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Pathology, Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Antunes Andrade
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Postgraduate Program in Internal Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Pathology, Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Valéria Bumiller-Bini
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Postgraduate Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Letícia Boslooper Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Postgraduate Program in Internal Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Pathology, Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Anna Carolina de Moraes Braga
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Postgraduate Program in Internal Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Pathology, Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Vietnamese-German Center for Medical Research, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Steffen Thiel
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Iara José Taborda de Messias-Reason
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Postgraduate Program in Internal Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Pathology, Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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Zhang XL, Qu H. The Role of Glycosylation in Infectious Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1325:219-237. [PMID: 34495538 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-70115-4_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation plays an important role in infectious diseases. Many important interactions between pathogens and hosts involve their carbohydrate structures (glycans). Glycan interactions can mediate adhesion, recognition, invasion, and immune evasion of pathogens. To date, changes in many protein N/O-linked glycosylation have been identified as biomarkers for the development of infectious diseases and cancers. In this review, we will discuss the principal findings and the roles of glycosylation of both pathogens and host cells in the context of human important infectious diseases. Understanding the role and mechanism of glycan-lectin interaction between pathogens and hosts may create a new paradigm for discovering novel glycan-based therapies that can lead to eradication or functional cure of pathogens infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Immunology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.
| | - Haoran Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Immunology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
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6
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Jarlhelt I, Genster N, Kirketerp-Møller N, Skjoedt MO, Garred P. The ficolin response to LPS challenge in mice. Mol Immunol 2019; 108:121-127. [PMID: 30818229 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The ficolins belong to an important family of pattern recognition molecules, which contributes to complement activation via the lectin pathway. How the ficolins respond to inflammatory stimuli remains only partly understood. In the present study, we investigated the ficolin A and ficolin B expression and protein distribution patterns in a mouse model of LPS-induced inflammation. The time- and tissue-specific expression of ficolin A and B was determined by real time PCR. Furthermore, ficolin protein levels in serum and bone marrow extracts from LPS challenged mice were determined by novel in-house developed sandwich ELISAs. Ficolin A was mainly expressed in liver and spleen. However, our data also suggested that ficolin A is expressed in bone marrow, which is the main site of ficolin B expression. The level of ficolin A and B expression was increased after stimulation with LPS in the investigated tissues. This was followed by a downregulation of expression, causing mRNA levels to return to baseline 24 h post LPS challenge. Protein levels appeared to follow the same pattern as the expression profiles, with an exception of ficolin B levels in serum, which kept increasing for 24 h. Ficolin A was likewise significantly increased in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from mice infected with the fungi A. fumigatus, pointing towards a similar effect of the ficolins in non-sterile mouse models of inflammation. The results demonstrate that LPS-induced inflammation can induce a significant ficolin response, suggesting that the murine ficolins are acute phase reactants with increase in both mRNA expression and protein levels during systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Jarlhelt
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, Section 7631, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ninette Genster
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, Section 7631, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nikolaj Kirketerp-Møller
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, Section 7631, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikkel-Ole Skjoedt
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, Section 7631, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Garred
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, Section 7631, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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7
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Jalal PJ, King BJ, Saeed A, Adedeji Y, Mason CP, Ball JK, Irving WL, McClure CP, Tarr AW. Elevated serum activity of MBL and ficolin-2 as biomarkers for progression to hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic HCV infection. Virology 2019; 530:99-106. [PMID: 30798068 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an uncommon but significant outcome of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. A serum biomarker for predicting progression to HCC would have a major impact on patient monitoring and clinical management. We explored circulating liver-expressed lectins, ficolin-2, ficolin-3 and mannose binding lectin (MBL), as potential biomarkers for the development of HCC. The activity of these three lectins were analysed in HCV positive patients who developed HCC (n = 31) with comparable HCV-positive HCC-negative patients (n = 106) and healthy controls (n = 79). Serum binding activity of ficolin-2 and MBL were elevated compared to controls. Analysis of pre-HCC onset samples revealed that MBL levels were significantly elevated up to 3 years, and ficolin-2 was elevated up to 1 year, prior to diagnosis of HCC over controls. This preliminary study identifies MBL and ficolin-2 as potential biomarkers for the development of HCC in chronic HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paywast J Jalal
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust & University of Nottingham, UK; Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Sulaimani, Iraq
| | - Barnabas J King
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust & University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Amanj Saeed
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust & University of Nottingham, UK; Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Sulaimani, Iraq
| | - Yemisi Adedeji
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust & University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Christopher P Mason
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust & University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Jonathan K Ball
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust & University of Nottingham, UK; School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - William L Irving
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust & University of Nottingham, UK; School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - C Patrick McClure
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust & University of Nottingham, UK; School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Alexander W Tarr
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust & University of Nottingham, UK; School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, UK.
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8
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Jalal PJ, Urbanowicz RA, Horncastle E, Pathak M, Goddard C, Saeed A, Mason CP, Ball JK, Irving WL, McClure CP, King BJ, Tarr AW. Expression of human ficolin-2 in hepatocytes confers resistance to infection by diverse hepatotropic viruses. J Med Microbiol 2019; 68:642-648. [PMID: 30747617 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver-expressed pattern recognition receptors mannose-binding lectin (MBL), ficolin-2 and ficolin-3 contribute to the innate immune response by activating complement. Binding of soluble ficolin-2 to viral pathogens can directly neutralize virus entry. We observed that the human hepatoma cell line HuH7.5, which is routinely used for the study of hepatotropic viruses, is deficient in expression of MBL, ficolin-2 and ficolin-3. We generated a cell line that expressed and secreted ficolin-2. This cell line (HuH7.5 [FCN2]) was more resistant to infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV), ebolavirus and vesicular stomatitis virus, but surprisingly was more susceptible to infection with rabies virus. Cell-to-cell spread of HCV was also inhibited in ficolin-2 expressing cells. This illustrates that ficolin-2 expression in hepatocytes contributes to innate resistance to virus infection, but some viruses might utilize ficolin-2 to facilitate entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paywast J Jalal
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq
| | - Richard A Urbanowicz
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Emma Horncastle
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Monika Pathak
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Chun Goddard
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Amanj Saeed
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq
| | - Christopher P Mason
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jonathan K Ball
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - William L Irving
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - C Patrick McClure
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Barnabas J King
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Alexander W Tarr
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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9
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Bidula S, Sexton DW, Schelenz S. Ficolins and the Recognition of Pathogenic Microorganisms: An Overview of the Innate Immune Response and Contribution of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:3205072. [PMID: 30868077 PMCID: PMC6379837 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3205072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ficolins are innate pattern recognition receptors (PRR) and play integral roles within the innate immune response to numerous pathogens throughout the circulation, as well as within organs. Pathogens are primarily removed by direct opsonisation following the recognition of cell surface carbohydrates and other immunostimulatory molecules or via the activation of the lectin complement pathway, which results in the deposition of C3b and the recruitment of phagocytes. In recent years, there have been a number of studies implicating ficolins in the recognition and removal of numerous bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic pathogens. Moreover, there has been expanding evidence highlighting that mutations within these key immune proteins, or the possession of particular haplotypes, enhance susceptibility to colonization by pathogens and dysfunctional immune responses. This review will therefore encompass previous knowledge on the role of ficolins in the recognition of bacterial and viral pathogens, while acknowledging the recent advances in the immune response to fungal and parasitic infections. Additionally, we will explore the various genetic susceptibility factors that predispose individuals to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Bidula
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Darren W. Sexton
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Silke Schelenz
- Department of Microbiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, Sydney Street, London SW3 6NP, UK
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10
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Ding Q, Shen Y, Li D, Yang J, Yu J, Yin Z, Zhang XL. Ficolin-2 triggers antitumor effect by activating macrophages and CD8 + T cells. Clin Immunol 2017; 183:145-157. [PMID: 28844702 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ficolin-2 is an important serum complement lectin. Here, we describe novel findings indicating that serum ficolin-2 concentrations in multiple tumor patients are significantly lower than those in healthy donors. Administration of exogenous ficolin-2 or ficolin-A (a ficolin-2-like molecule in mouse), with only once, could remarkably inhibit the tumor cells growth in murine tumor models via early macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs) and CD8+ T cells, but not CD4+ T cells. Ficolin-A (FCN-A) knockout (KO) mice exhibits significantly increased tumor cell growth. Ficolin-2 induces macrophage activation, promotes M1 polarization and facilitates proliferation and antigen-specific cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells. Ficolin-2 binds to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on macrophages and DCs and promotes their antigen-presenting abilities to CD8+ T cells. Our findings provide a new therapeutic strategy for tumors based on the triggering of immune-mediated antitumor effect by ficolin-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanquan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Medical Research Institute, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology and Department of Immunology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Yanying Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Medical Research Institute, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology and Department of Immunology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Dongqing Li
- Department of Microbiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Juan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Medical Research Institute, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology and Department of Immunology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Jing Yu
- Hubei Province Cancer Hospital, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Zhinan Yin
- Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, PR China
| | - Xiao-Lian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Medical Research Institute, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology and Department of Immunology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China.
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11
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Yang Y, Zhou Y, Hu J, Luo F, Xie Y, Shen Y, Bian W, Yin Z, Li H, Zhang X. Ficolin-A/2, acting as a new regulator of macrophage polarization, mediates the inflammatory response in experimental mouse colitis. Immunology 2017; 151:433-450. [PMID: 28380665 PMCID: PMC5506452 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human ficolin-2 (FCN-2) and mouse ficolin-A (FCN-A, a ficolin-2-like molecule in mouse) are activators of the lectin complement pathway, present in normal plasma and usually associated with infectious diseases, but little is known about the role of FCN-A/2 in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In our present study, we found that patients with IBD exhibited much higher serum FCN-2 levels than healthy controls. In the dextran sulphate sodium-induced acute colitis mouse model, FCN-A knockout mice showed much milder disease symptoms with less histological damage, lower expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)], chemokines (CXCL1/2/10 and CCL4) and higher levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 compared with wild-type mice. We demonstrated that FCN-A/2 exacerbated the inflammatory pathogenesis of IBD by stimulating M1 polarization through the TLR4/MyD88/MAPK/NF-κB signalling pathway in macrophages. Hence, our data suggest that FCN-A/2 may be used as a novel therapeutic target for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi‐Fei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Medical Research InstituteHubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology and Department of ImmunologyWuhan University School of Basic Medical SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Yi‐Dan Zhou
- Department of MicrobiologySchool of Molecular and Cellular BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignILUSA
| | - Jia‐Chen Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology/HepatologyZhongnan HospitalWuhan University School of MedicineWuhanChina
| | - Feng‐Ling Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Medical Research InstituteHubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology and Department of ImmunologyWuhan University School of Basic Medical SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Yan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Medical Research InstituteHubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology and Department of ImmunologyWuhan University School of Basic Medical SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Yan‐Ying Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Medical Research InstituteHubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology and Department of ImmunologyWuhan University School of Basic Medical SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Wen‐Xiu Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Medical Research InstituteHubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology and Department of ImmunologyWuhan University School of Basic Medical SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Zhi‐Nan Yin
- Biomedical Translational Research InstituteJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Hong‐Liang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Medical Research InstituteHubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology and Department of ImmunologyWuhan University School of Basic Medical SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Xiao‐Lian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Medical Research InstituteHubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology and Department of ImmunologyWuhan University School of Basic Medical SciencesWuhanChina
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12
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Rasmussen LJH, Schultz M, Gaardsting A, Ladelund S, Garred P, Iversen K, Eugen‐Olsen J, Helms M, David KP, Kjær A, Lebech A, Kronborg G. Inflammatory biomarkers and cancer: CRP and suPAR as markers of incident cancer in patients with serious nonspecific symptoms and signs of cancer. Int J Cancer 2017; 141:191-199. [PMID: 28393357 PMCID: PMC5518177 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In Denmark, patients with serious nonspecific symptoms and signs of cancer (NSSC) are referred to the diagnostic outpatient clinics (DOCs) where an accelerated cancer diagnostic program is initiated. Various immunological and inflammatory biomarkers have been associated with cancer, including soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) and the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) pentraxin-3, mannose-binding lectin, ficolin-1, ficolin-2 and ficolin-3. We aimed to evaluate these biomarkers and compare their diagnostic ability to classical biomarkers for diagnosing cancer in patients with NSSC. Patients were included from the DOC, Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre. Patients were given a final diagnosis based on the combined results from scans, blood work and physical examination. Weight loss, Charlson score and previous cancer were registered on admission, and plasma concentrations of biomarkers were measured. The primary outcome was incident cancer within 1 year. Out of 197 patients included, 39 patients (19.8%) were diagnosed with cancer. Patients with cancer were significantly older and had a higher burden of comorbidities and previous cancer diagnoses compared to patients who were not diagnosed with cancer. Previous cancer, C-reactive protein (CRP) and suPAR were significantly associated with newly diagnosed cancer during follow-up in multiple logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, sex and CRP. Neither any of the PRRs investigated nor self-reported weight loss was associated with cancer. In this study, previous cancer, CRP and suPAR were significantly associated with cancer diagnosis in patients with NSSC. Ficolin-1-3, MBL and pentraxin-3 were not associated with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Schultz
- Department of CardiologyCopenhagen University Hospital HerlevHerlevDenmark
| | - Anne Gaardsting
- Department of Infectious DiseasesCopenhagen University Hospital HvidovreHvidovreDenmark
| | - Steen Ladelund
- Clinical Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital HvidovreHvidovreDenmark
| | - Peter Garred
- Laboratory of Molecular MedicineDepartment of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Kasper Iversen
- Department of CardiologyCopenhagen University Hospital HerlevHerlevDenmark
| | - Jesper Eugen‐Olsen
- Clinical Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital HvidovreHvidovreDenmark
| | - Morten Helms
- Department of Infectious DiseasesCopenhagen University Hospital HvidovreHvidovreDenmark
| | - Kim Peter David
- Department of Infectious DiseasesCopenhagen University Hospital HvidovreHvidovreDenmark
| | - Andreas Kjær
- Department of Clinical PhysiologyNuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, RigshospitaletDenmark
| | - Anne‐Mette Lebech
- Department of Infectious DiseasesCopenhagen University Hospital HvidovreHvidovreDenmark
| | - Gitte Kronborg
- Department of Infectious DiseasesCopenhagen University Hospital HvidovreHvidovreDenmark
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13
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Olszowski T, Milona M, Janiszewska-Olszowska J, Safranow K, Skonieczna-Żydecka K, Walczak A, Sikora M, Chlubek D, Madlani A, Adler G. The Lack of Association between FCN2 Gene Promoter Region Polymorphisms and Dental Caries in Polish Children. Caries Res 2017; 51:79-84. [PMID: 28088794 DOI: 10.1159/000455054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gene encoding ficolin-2 protein (FCN2 gene) at positions -986 (rs17514136), -602 (rs3124953), and -4 (rs3124952) with dental caries in Polish children. Two hundred and sixty Polish Caucasian children aged 15 years were enrolled in this study: 82 with "higher" caries experience (DMFT >5) and 178 with "lower" caries experience (DMFT ≤5). In addition, subjects with caries experience (DMFT ≥1) and caries-free subjects (DMFT = 0) were compared. FCN2 SNPs were genotyped with PCR-RFLP methods. There were no significant differences in the genotype, allele, or haplotype distributions in 3 analyzed SNPs of the FCN2 gene between children with "higher" and those with "lower" caries experience as well as between children with caries experience and caries-free children. In conclusion, we did not find any association of FCN2 promoter polymorphisms at positions -986, -602, and -4 with dental caries in Polish children.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Olszowski
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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14
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Luo F, Chen T, Liu J, Shen X, Zhao Y, Yang R, Zhang X. Ficolin-2 binds to HIV-1 gp120 and blocks viral infection. Virol Sin 2016; 31:406-414. [PMID: 27576476 PMCID: PMC8193375 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-016-3808-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ficolin-2 is a lectin complement pathway activator present in normal human plasma and usually associated with infectious diseases, but little is known about the role of ficolin-2 in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Here, we describe our novel findings that serum ficolin-2 concentrations of 103 HIV-1 patients were much higher compared to those of 57 healthy donors. In vitro analysis showed that HIV-1 infection could enhance ficolin-2 expression. We further demonstrated that recombinant ficolin-2 protein could bind with HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120, and subsequently induce complement dependent cytotoxicity. Moreover, ficolin-2 could block the entry of HIV-1 into target cells (TZM-b1 and MT-2 cells) and infection in a ficolin-2 dosedependent manner. To our knowledge, this is the first report about the protective role of ficolin-2 against HIV-1 infection and our study suggests that ficolin-2 is an important human innate immune molecule against HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengling Luo
- The State Key Laboratory of Virology, Department of Immunology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immune-related Diseases, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Tielong Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Virology, Department of Immunology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immune-related Diseases, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jun Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Virology, Department of Immunology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immune-related Diseases, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xihui Shen
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yinnan Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Virology, Department of Immunology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immune-related Diseases, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Rongge Yang
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Xiaolian Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Virology, Department of Immunology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immune-related Diseases, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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