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Otoukesh B, Abbasi M, Gorgani HOL, Farahini H, Moghtadaei M, Boddouhi B, Kaghazian P, Hosseinzadeh S, Alaee A. MicroRNAs signatures, bioinformatics analysis of miRNAs, miRNA mimics and antagonists, and miRNA therapeutics in osteosarcoma. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:254. [PMID: 32565738 PMCID: PMC7302353 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01342-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) involved in key signaling pathways and aggressive phenotypes of osteosarcoma (OS) was discussed, including PI3K/AKT/MTOR, MTOR AND RAF-1 signaling, tumor suppressor P53- linked miRNAs, NOTCH- related miRNAs, miRNA -15/16 cluster, apoptosis related miRNAs, invasion-metastasis-related miRNAs, and 14Q32-associated miRNAs cluster. Herrin, we discussed insights into the targeted therapies including miRNAs (i.e., tumor-suppressive miRNAs and oncomiRNAs). Using bioinformatics tools, the interaction network of all OS-associated miRNAs and their targets was also depicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Otoukesh
- Orthopedic Surgery Fellowship in Département Hospitalo-Universitaire MAMUTH « Maladies musculo-squelettiques et innovations thérapeutiques » , Université Pierre et Marie-Curie, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Postal code : 1445613131 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Abbasi
- Brain Mapping Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Habib-O-Lah Gorgani
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Postal code : 1445613131 Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Farahini
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Postal code : 1445613131 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Moghtadaei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Postal code : 1445613131 Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram Boddouhi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Postal code : 1445613131 Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyman Kaghazian
- Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Shayan Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Atefe Alaee
- Department of Information Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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2
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PTEN and Gynecological Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101458. [PMID: 31569439 PMCID: PMC6826459 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PTEN is a tumour suppressor gene, and its loss of function is frequently observed in both heritable and sporadic cancers. It is involved in a great variety of biological processes, including maintenance of genomic stability, cell survival, migration, proliferation and metabolism. A better understanding of PTEN activity and regulation has therefore emerged as a subject of primary interest in cancer research. Gynaecological cancers are variously interested by PTEN deregulation and many perspective in terms of additional prognostic information and new therapeutic approaches can be explored. Here, we present the most significant findings on PTEN in gynaecological cancers (ovarian, endometrial, cervical, vulvar and uterine cancer) focusing on PTEN alterations incidence, biological role and clinical implications.
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3
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Naseem A, Bhat ZI, Kalaiarasan P, Kumar B, Bin Hafeez Z, Tiwari RR, Wahabi K, Gandhi G, Alam Rizvi MM. Assessment of epigenetic alterations and in silico analysis of mutation affecting PTEN expression among Indian cervical cancer patients. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:15851-15866. [PMID: 31074114 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Genetic and epigenetic anomalies accountable for genetic dysregulation are the most common aberrations that determine the underlying heterogeneity of the tumor cells. Currently, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) incongruity has emerged as potent and persuasive malfunctioning in varied human malignancies. In this study, we have analysed the promoter hypermethylation and expression status of PTEN. We identified different mutations in the exonic region of PTEN. Functional consequences of these mutations were explored using in silico techniques. Promoter hypermethylation of PTEN was detected using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MS-PCR), expression analysis was performed with immunohistochemistry (IHC) and mutation by direct sequencing in a total of 168 uterine cervix tumor cases. The findings were statistically correlated with the clinical parameters. In addition, the effect of nonsynonymous mutations was studied with molecular dynamics simulations. PTEN promoter hypermethylation (45.8%) was found to be significantly associated with the of PTEN loss (57.14%, P < 0.0001). Tumor stages, tumor size, lymph node (LN) were found to be significantly correlated with both PTEN promoter hypermethylation and PTEN loss. Histological grade, however, showed a significant association with only PTEN loss. In total, 11.76% of tumors exhibited mutations in exon 5 and 7, out of which E150K of exon 5 showed the highest deviations in the crystal structure of PTEN by in silico analysis. This study provides valuable insights into oncology and paves the path in the development of efficient biomarker and/or imperative therapeutic tool for cervical cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afreen Naseem
- Genome Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Zafar Iqbal Bhat
- Genome Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Bhupender Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Zubair Bin Hafeez
- Genome Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Raj Ranjan Tiwari
- Genome Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Khushnuma Wahabi
- Genome Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Gauri Gandhi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, LNJP/MAMC Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - M Moshahid Alam Rizvi
- Genome Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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Kazim Z, Wahabi K, Perwez A, Lal P, Rizvi MA. PTEN Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations Define Distinct Subgroups in North Indian Breast Cancer Patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:269-276. [PMID: 30678449 PMCID: PMC6485588 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.1.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that can be subdivided on the basis of histopathological features, genetic alterations, and gene-expression profiles. PTEN gene is considered an established tumor suppressor gene in different types of cancer including breast cancer. However, the role of PTEN alterations in north Indian breast cancer has not been explored especially in defining a group with distinct histological factors. Methodology: 181 sporadic breast cancer and their adjacent normal tissues were included in the present study. We analyzed methylation and LOH through MS-PCR and microsatellite markers respectively. While, for PTEN protein expression, we used immunohistochemistry. All the molecular findings were correlated with the clinicopathological parameters of the patients to underline clinical relevance. Results: We found that LOH and methylation of the PTEN promoter were significantly associated with loss of PTEN protein expression, while, PTEN mutation was a rare event. Furthermore, out of 46 double hit cases (i.e., having both methylation and LOH), 70% (32/46) cases showed complete loss of PTEN expression (P= 0.0249). Both LOH and PTEN promoter methylation were associated significantly with age and clinical stage, while, methylation and loss of PTEN expression were associated with high grade and Her-2 negativity. In addition, a quadruple (ER/PR/Her-2 and PTEN) negative group with distinct features was found. Conclusion: The pattern of PTEN expression and its correlation with the clinical parameters indicates that loss of PTEN expression defines a clinical group with distinct features. Hence, PTEN expression provides differential therapeutic strategies for north Indian breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakia Kazim
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
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Hu Z, Ma D. The precision prevention and therapy of HPV-related cervical cancer: new concepts and clinical implications. Cancer Med 2018; 7:5217-5236. [PMID: 30589505 PMCID: PMC6198240 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer in women worldwide, with concepts and knowledge about its prevention and treatment evolving rapidly. Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been identified as a major factor that leads to cervical cancer, although HPV infection alone cannot cause the disease. In fact, HPV-driven cancer is a small probability event because most infections are transient and could be cleared spontaneously by host immune system. With persistent HPV infection, decades are required for progression to cervical cancer. Therefore, this long time window provides golden opportunity for clinical intervention, and the fundament here is to elucidate the carcinogenic pattern and applicable targets during HPV-host interaction. In this review, we discuss the key factors that contribute to the persistence of HPV and cervical carcinogenesis, emerging new concepts and technologies for cancer interventions, and more urgently, how these concepts and technologies might lead to clinical precision medicine which could provide prediction, prevention, and early treatment for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Hu
- Department of Gynecological oncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityZhongshan 2nd RoadYuexiu, GuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, Hubei430030China
| | - Ding Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, Hubei430030China
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Li C, Xu B, Miu X, Deng Z, Liao H, Hao L. Inhibition of miRNA-21 attenuates the proliferation and metastasis of human osteosarcoma by upregulating PTEN. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:1036-1040. [PMID: 29434694 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the expression of micro (mi)RNA-21 in osteosarcoma cells, and its role in inhibiting the invasion and metastasis of osteosarcoma. Human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells and osteoblast hFOB1.19 cells were used to compare the expression of miRNA-21 using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. A miRNA-21 mimic or inhibitor were transfected into the MG-63 cells to upregulate and downregulate the expression of miRNA-21, respectively. The present study investigated the proliferation and invasion of transfected MG-63 cells using MTT and Transwell assays. Western blot analyses were used to investigate the regulation of important proteins in the phosphatase and tensin homolog/phosphoinositide 3-kinase/RAC-α serine/threonine-protein kinase (PTEN/PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway. Compared with hFOB1.19 cells, miRNA-21 expression was significantly upregulated in the MG-63 cells (P<0.01), which lead to increased proliferation. Downregulating miRNA-21 expression reduced the proliferation of MG-63 cells compared with hFOB1.19 cells. Invasion assays and western blot analyses revealed that the overexpression of miRNA-21 significantly enhanced the invasion ability of MG-63 cells and the expression of phosphorylated (p-)AKT, while downregulation of miRNA-21 expression reduced the protein level of AKT and p-AKT. In the MG-63 cells, miRNA-21 upregulation significantly inhibited the protein level of PTEN, resulting in significantly increased AKT and PI3K protein levels (P<0.01). In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that the expression of miRNA-21, PI3K and AKT is increased in the osteosarcoma cell line MG-63, which results in reduced expression of PTEN and increased expression of proteins in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and thus increases the aggressiveness of osteosarcoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Binwu Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xinxin Miu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhongbo Deng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Hang Liao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Liang Hao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Shen J, Niu W, Zhang H, Jun M, Zhang H. Downregulation of MicroRNA-147 Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Increases the Chemosensitivity of Gastric Cancer Cells to 5-Fluorouracil by Directly Targeting PTEN. Oncol Res 2017; 26:901-911. [PMID: 28950928 PMCID: PMC7844761 DOI: 10.3727/096504017x15061902533715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fourth most common malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the expression patterns, biological roles, and underlying mechanisms of microRNA-147 (miR-147) in gastric cancer. The present study demonstrated that miR-147 was significantly upregulated in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines. Downregulation of miR-147 decreased cell proliferation and enhanced the chemosensitivity of gastric cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) through the cell apoptosis pathway. In addition, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) was mechanically identified as the direct target of miR-147 in gastric cancer. PTEN knockdown reversed the effects of miR-147 downregulation on the proliferation, chemosensitivity, and 5-FU-induced apoptosis of gastric cancer cells. Moreover, miR-147 regulated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in gastric cancer by targeting PTEN. In conclusion, miR-147 suppressed the proliferation and enhanced the chemosensitivity of gastric cancer cells to 5-FU by promoting cell apoptosis through directly targeting PTEN and regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This study provides important insight into the molecular mechanism that underlies the chemoresistance of gastric cancer cells. The results of this study could aid the development of a novel therapeutic strategy for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Weina Niu
- Department of Oncology, Anhui Cancer Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Ma Jun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
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8
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Du G, Cao D, Meng L. miR-21 inhibitor suppresses cell proliferation and colony formation through regulating the PTEN/AKT pathway and improves paclitaxel sensitivity in cervical cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:2713-2719. [PMID: 28447761 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the role and the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of microRNA-21 (miR-21) on the proliferation, apoptosis and colony formation of cervical cancer cells, and to examine the role of miR-21 in mediating the sensitivity of cervical cancer cells to paclitaxel (PTX). Reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction was employed to determine the level of miR‑21 in various cervical cancer and normal cervical cells. The results revealed that the expression levels of miR-21 in cervical cancer cells were markedly higher when compared with normal cervical cells. Subsequently, a miR‑21 inhibitor or negative control (NC) was transfected into cervical cancer cells. Cell viability, colony formation and apoptosis were then analyzed using an MTT assay, crystal violet and Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide staining, respectively. The protein expression level of B-cell lymphoma‑2 (Bcl‑2), Bcl‑2‑associated X (Bax), programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), survivin, c‑myc, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and phosphorylated (p)‑AKT were determined by western blot analysis. The sensitivity of cervical cancer cells to PTX (25, 50 and 100 µg/ml) was characterized using an MTT assay. The results demonstrated that the miR-21 inhibitor promoted apoptosis of cervical cancer cells and suppressed their proliferation and colony formation when compared with the NC. In addition, the expression levels of Bcl‑2, survivin, c‑myc and p‑AKT were significantly downregulated in cells transfected with the miR‑21 inhibitor, whilst the expression levels of Bax, PDCD4 and PTEN were significantly upregulated. Furthermore, the miR‑21 inhibitor significantly enhanced the inhibition efficacy of PTX at a range of concentrations in cervical cancer cells. It was concluded that inhibition of miR‑21 suppressed cell proliferation and colony formation through regulating the PTEN/AKT pathway, and improved PTX sensitivity in cervical cancer cells. The results of the present study may contribute to the development of miRNA‑based cervical cancer therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohui Du
- Department of Pharmacy, Tangshan Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Dongmei Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Tangshan Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Lingzheng Meng
- Department of Pharmacy, Tangshan Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
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Ali A, Mehdi SJ, Hajela K, Saluja SS, Mishra PK, Sameer AS, Rizvi MMA. Allelic loss at PTEN locus leads to progression of colorectal carcinoma among North Indian patients. Biomarkers 2016; 21:716-720. [PMID: 27098297 DOI: 10.3109/1354750x.2016.1172115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at 10q23.3 locus of microsatellite markers; D10S198, D10S192, and D10S541 of PTEN gene in 223 North Indian colorectal cancer (CRC) specimens. DNA was isolated and microsatellite-specific markers polymerase chain reaction was performed. Out of total 223 cases 102 showed LOH for at least one of the locus. In addition, thereto a significant association was found with the clinicopathologic features like grade of differentiation, clinical stage, invasion, lymph node invasion, and the clinical outcome (p < 0.05). These data argue that the given markers to check the possible LOH of PTEN gene at locus 10q23.3 could be considered as one of the diagnostic markers in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asgar Ali
- a Department of Biochemistry , AIIMS , Patna , India
| | - Syed Jafar Mehdi
- b Department of Biosciences, Genome Biology Lab , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi , India
| | - Krishnan Hajela
- c School of Life Sciences , Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya , Indore , India
| | - Sundeep Singh Saluja
- d Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery , G. B. Pant Hospital , New Delhi , India
| | - Pramod Kumar Mishra
- d Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery , G. B. Pant Hospital , New Delhi , India
| | - Aga Syed Sameer
- e Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine-Jeddah, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | - M Moshahid Alam Rizvi
- b Department of Biosciences, Genome Biology Lab , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi , India
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10
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Fan W, Huang J, Xiao H, Liang Z. MicroRNA-22 is downregulated in clear cell renal cell carcinoma, and inhibits cell growth, migration and invasion by targeting PTEN. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:4800-6. [PMID: 27082730 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-22 has previously been reported to be frequently downregulated in certain types of cancer. The present study examined the expression and effects of miR-22 in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The results indicated that miR‑22 was downregulated in tumor tissue from patients with RCC. In addition, lower miR‑22 expression levels were associated with histological grade, tumor stage and lymph node metas-tasis. Following transfection of RCC cells with miR‑22, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, cell migration, cell invasion and luciferase assays, and western blotting were conducted. The results demonstrated that miR‑22 was able to inhibit cell proliferation, migration and invasion in 786‑O and A498 cells. Furthermore, the results indicated that miR‑22 may directly target phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in RCC. In conclusion, the present study suggested that the miR-22/PTEN axis may be considered a novel therapeutic target in RCC. These findings may be beneficial for the development of an effective therapy against RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxing Fan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Hua Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Zhang Liang
- Department of Science and Technology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
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Bingham V, Ong CW, James J, Maxwell P, Waugh D, Salto-Tellez M, McQuaid S. PTEN mRNA detection by chromogenic, RNA in situ technologies: a reliable alternative to PTEN immunohistochemistry. Hum Pathol 2015; 47:95-103. [PMID: 26518664 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Immunohistochemical staining for phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) does not have either an acceptable standard protocol or concordance of scoring between pathologists. Evaluation of PTEN mRNA with a unique and verified sequence probe may offer a realistic alternative providing a robust and reproducible protocol. In this study, we have evaluated an in situ hybridization (ISH) protocol for PTEN mRNA using RNAScope technology and compared it with a standard protocol for PTEN immunohistochemistry (IHC). PTEN mRNA expression by ISH was consistently more sensitive than PTEN IHC, with 56% of samples on a mixed-tumor tissue microarray (TMA) showing high expression by ISH compared with 42% by IHC. On a prostate TMA, 49% of cases showed high expression by ISH compared with 43% by IHC. Variations in PTEN mRNA expression within malignant epithelium were quantifiable using image analysis on the prostate TMAs. Within tumors, clear overexpression of PTEN mRNA on malignant epithelium compared with benign epithelium was frequently observed and quantified. The use of SpotStudio software in the mixed-tumor TMA allowed for clear demonstration of varying levels of PTEN mRNA between tumor samples by the mRNA methodology. This was evident by the quantifiable differences between distinct oropharyngeal tumors (up to 3-fold increase in average number of spots per cell between 2 cases). mRNA detection of PTEN or other biomarkers, for which optimal or standardized immunohistochemical techniques are not available, represents a means by which heterogeneity of expression within focal regions of tumor can be explored with more confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Bingham
- Molecular Pathology Programme, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University, Belfast, UK BT9 7AE
| | - Chee Wee Ong
- Prostate Cancer Research Group, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University, Belfast, UK BT9 7AE
| | - Jacqueline James
- Molecular Pathology Programme, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University, Belfast, UK BT9 7AE; Tissue Pathology, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast City Hospital, Lisburn Rd BT9 7AB
| | - Pamela Maxwell
- Prostate Cancer Research Group, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University, Belfast, UK BT9 7AE
| | - David Waugh
- Prostate Cancer Research Group, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University, Belfast, UK BT9 7AE
| | - Manuel Salto-Tellez
- Molecular Pathology Programme, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University, Belfast, UK BT9 7AE; Tissue Pathology, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast City Hospital, Lisburn Rd BT9 7AB
| | - Stephen McQuaid
- Molecular Pathology Programme, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University, Belfast, UK BT9 7AE; Tissue Pathology, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast City Hospital, Lisburn Rd BT9 7AB.
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An Optimization-Driven Analysis Pipeline to Uncover Biomarkers and Signaling Paths: Cervix Cancer. MICROARRAYS 2015; 4:287-310. [PMID: 26388997 PMCID: PMC4573573 DOI: 10.3390/microarrays4020287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Establishing how a series of potentially important genes might relate to each other is relevant to understand the origin and evolution of illnesses, such as cancer. High-throughput biological experiments have played a critical role in providing information in this regard. A special challenge, however, is that of trying to conciliate information from separate microarray experiments to build a potential genetic signaling path. This work proposes a two-step analysis pipeline, based on optimization, to approach meta-analysis aiming to build a proxy for a genetic signaling path.
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13
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Bumrungthai S, Munjal K, Nandekar S, Cooper K, Ekalaksananan T, Pientong C, Evans MF. Epidermal growth factor receptor pathway mutation and expression profiles in cervical squamous cell carcinoma: therapeutic implications. J Transl Med 2015. [PMID: 26209091 PMCID: PMC4513684 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0611-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is a major cause of female mortality worldwide. This study has examined epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway markers that represent actionable pharmacological targets. Methods HPV16 positive CSCCs (n = 105 patients) from Madhya Pradesh, India were screened for KRAS and PIK3CA mutations by PNA-clamp real-time PCR. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed for EGFR, PIK3CA, PTEN, phospho-AKT, phospho-mTOR and phospho-44/42 MAPK (ERK1/2). Results KRAS mutations were detected in 0/91 (0%) and PIK3CA mutations in 19/95 (20.0%) informative specimens: exon 9, E542 (n = 3) and E545 (n = 15); exon 20, H1047R (n = 1). PIK3CA mutation detection was associated with older mean patient age [48.2 vs. 56.6 years (P = 0.007)] and with post-menopausal age: 5/45 (11.1%) patients <50 years vs. 14/50 (28.0%) patients ≥50 years (P = 0.045; OR = 3.11). EGFR expression was present in 60/101 (59.4%) CSCCs and was associated with PIK3CA mutation detection (P < 0.05) but not age (P > 0.05). EGFR and phospho-AKT staining showed associations with tumor grade and/or lymph node status (P < 0.05). Significant associations were not found for the other study markers (P > 0.05). Conclusion These data show that PIK3CA mutation acquisition is related to patient age and EGFR expression. The absence of KRAS mutations supports the potential of anti-EGFR therapies for CSCC treatment. The relatively high PIK3CA mutation rates indicate that PI3K may be a therapeutic target for a significant subset of CSCC patients. Qualitatively distinct IHC staining profiles for the marker panel were noted patient to patient; however, across patients, consistent linear relationships between up- and downstream pathway markers were not observed. Evaluation of the expression status of potential cancer pathway targets may be of value in addition to molecular profiling for choosing among therapeutic options. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12967-015-0611-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kavita Munjal
- Department of Pathology, Sri Aurobindo Institute of Medical Sciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 453555, India.
| | - Shirish Nandekar
- Department of Pathology, Sri Aurobindo Institute of Medical Sciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 453555, India.
| | - Kumarasen Cooper
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Pearlman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 19104-4283, USA.
| | | | - Chamsai Pientong
- Department of Microbiology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand. .,HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
| | - Mark Francis Evans
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, 05405, VT, USA. .,University of Vermont Cancer Center, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.
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14
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Therapeutic Implications of Black Seed and Its Constituent Thymoquinone in the Prevention of Cancer through Inactivation and Activation of Molecular Pathways. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:724658. [PMID: 24959190 PMCID: PMC4052177 DOI: 10.1155/2014/724658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The cancer is probably the most dreaded disease in both men and women and also major health problem worldwide. Despite its high prevalence, the exact molecular mechanisms of the development and progression are not fully understood. The current chemotherapy/radiotherapy regime used to treat cancer shows adverse side effect and may alter gene functions. Natural products are generally safe, effective, and less expensive substitutes of anticancer chemotherapeutics. Based on previous studies of their potential therapeutic uses, Nigella sativa and its constituents may be proved as good therapeutic options in the prevention of cancer. Black seeds are used as staple food in the Middle Eastern Countries for thousands of years and also in the treatment of diseases. Earlier studies have shown that N. sativa and its constituent thymoquinone (TQ) have important roles in the prevention and treatment of cancer by modulating cell signaling pathways. In this review, we summarize the role of N. sativa and its constituents TQ in the prevention of cancer through the activation or inactivation of molecular cell signaling pathways.
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15
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Carvalho KC, Maia BM, Omae SV, Rocha AA, Covizzi LP, Vassallo J, Rocha RM, Soares FA. Best practice for PTEN gene and protein assessment in anatomic pathology. Acta Histochem 2014; 116:25-31. [PMID: 23746542 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2013.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
There is a lack of standardization of a best practice protocol for Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog (PTEN) assessment by immunohistochemistry in anatomic pathology routine practice. We performed immunohistochemistry for 19 antibodies against PTEN, eleven of which were excluded during the standardization step. Immunohistochemistry of the remaining eight antibodies was performed on a Tissue Microarray containing 55 prostate and 40 renal carcinoma samples. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) was used as reference standard for immunohistochemistry specificity evaluation. Concerning nuclear staining, polyclonal (Cat#22034-1-AP); 6H2.1 mMAb (Cat#ABM-2052), Y184 RabMAb (Cat#NB110-57441) and 217702 mMAb antibodies presented the highest agreement with fluorescent in situ hybridization (p<0.001 for all) and with regard to cytoplasmic staining, Y184 RabMAb (Cat#NB110-57441); polyclonal (Cat#22034-1-AP) and 217702 mMAb presented the highest agreement (p<0.001 for all). Our results indicate that several commercially available antibodies do not show reliability of sensitivity and specificity for PTEN evaluation and we propose 6H2.1 mMAb (Cat#ABM-2052) as the antibody of choice for laboratory standardization and best practice in clinical routine, which demonstrated excellent sensitivity for both nuclear and cytoplasmic staining, specificity for PTEN by Western blot and good correlation with PTEN status by FISH with regard to nuclear staining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kátia C Carvalho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine of Sao Paulo University, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Beatriz M Maia
- Research Center, Antonio Prudente Foundation, Hospital A.C. Camargo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Samantha V Omae
- Research Center, Antonio Prudente Foundation, Hospital A.C. Camargo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio A Rocha
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz P Covizzi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Hospital A.C. Camargo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - José Vassallo
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Hospital A.C. Camargo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael M Rocha
- Research Center, Antonio Prudente Foundation, Hospital A.C. Camargo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Department of Anatomic Pathology, Hospital A.C. Camargo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Fernando A Soares
- Research Center, Antonio Prudente Foundation, Hospital A.C. Camargo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Department of Anatomic Pathology, Hospital A.C. Camargo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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16
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Ali A, Saluja SS, Hajela K, Mishra PK, Rizvi MA. Mutational and expressional analyses of PTEN
gene in colorectal cancer from Northern India. Mol Carcinog 2013; 53 Suppl 1:E45-52. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.22001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2012] [Revised: 11/24/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asgar Ali
- Genome Biology Laboratory; Department of Biosciences; Jamia Millia Islamia New Delhi India
| | - Sundeep S. Saluja
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery; G. B. Pant Hospital; New Delhi India
| | - Krishnan Hajela
- School of Life Sciences; Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya; Indore India
| | - Pramod K. Mishra
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery; G. B. Pant Hospital; New Delhi India
| | - Moshahid A. Rizvi
- Genome Biology Laboratory; Department of Biosciences; Jamia Millia Islamia New Delhi India
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