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Dey D, Ghosh S, Mirgh D, Panda SP, Jha NK, Jha SK. Role of exosomes in prostate cancer and male fertility. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103791. [PMID: 37777169 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common and fifth most aggressive neoplasm among men worldwide. In the last decade, extracellular vesicle (EV) research has decoded multiple unsolved cancer-related mysteries. EVs can be classified as microvesicles, apoptotic bodies, and exosomes, among others. Exosomes play a key role in cellular signaling. Their internal cargos (nucleic acids, proteins, lipids) influence the recipient cell. In PCa, the exosome is the regulator of cancer progression. It is also a promising theranostics tool for PCa. Moreover, exosomes have strong participation in male fertility complications. This review aims to highlight the exosome theranostics signature in PCa and its association with male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dwaipayan Dey
- Department of Microbiology, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Rahara, West Bengal 700118, India
| | - Srestha Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology, Lady Brabourne College, Kolkata 700017, West Bengal, India
| | - Divya Mirgh
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Siva Parsad Panda
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281406, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India; School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India; Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, India.
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India; Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied and Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal, University, Dehradun, India.
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2
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Sadrkhanloo M, Paskeh MDA, Hashemi M, Raesi R, Motahhary M, Saghari S, Sharifi L, Bokaie S, Mirzaei S, Entezari M, Aref AR, Salimimoghadam S, Rashidi M, Taheriazam A, Hushmandi K. STAT3 signaling in prostate cancer progression and therapy resistance: An oncogenic pathway with diverse functions. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114168. [PMID: 36916439 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The categorization of cancers demonstrates that prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men and it causes high death annually. Prostate cancer patients are diagnosed mainly via biomarkers such as PSA test and patients show poor prognosis. Prostate cancer cells rapidly diffuse into different parts of body and their metastasis is also a reason for death. Current therapies for prostate cancer patients include chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy as well as targeted therapy. The progression of prostate cancer cells is regulated by different factors that STAT3 signaling is among them. Growth factors and cytokines such as IL-6 can induce STAT3 signaling and it shows carcinogenic impact. Activation of STAT3 signaling occurs in prostate cancer and it promotes malignant behavior of tumor cells. Induction of STAT3 signaling increases glycolysis and proliferation of prostate cancer cells and prevents apoptosis. Furthermore, STAT3 signaling induces EMT mechanism in increasing cancer metastasis. Activation of STAT3 signaling stimulates drug resistance and the limitation of current works is lack of experiment related to role of STAT3 signaling in radio-resistance in prostate tumor. Calcitriol, capsazepine and β-elemonic are among the compounds capable of targeting STAT3 signaling and its inhibition in prostate cancer therapy. In addition to natural products, small molecules targeting STAT3 signaling have been developed in prostate cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdokht Sadrkhanloo
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Deldar Abad Paskeh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Raesi
- Department of Health Services Management, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Sam Saghari
- Department of Health Services Management, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Laleh Sharifi
- Uro-oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saied Bokaie
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology & Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Translational Sciences, Xsphera Biosciences Inc., 6, Tide Street, Boston, MA 02210, USA
| | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology & Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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3
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The Function of N-Myc Downstream-Regulated Gene 2 (NDRG2) as a Negative Regulator in Tumor Cell Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169365. [PMID: 36012631 PMCID: PMC9408851 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) is a tumor-suppressor gene that suppresses tumorigenesis and metastasis of tumors and increases sensitivity to anti-cancer drugs. In this review, we summarize information on the clinicopathological characteristics of tumor patients according to NDRG2 expression in various tumor tissues and provide information on the metastasis inhibition-related cell signaling modulation by NDRG2. Loss of NDRG2 expression is a prognostic factor that correlates with TNM grade and tumor metastasis and has an inverse relationship with patient survival in various tumor patients. NDRG2 inhibits cell signaling, such as AKT-, NF-κB-, STAT3-, and TGF-β-mediated signaling, to induce tumor metastasis, and induces activation of GSK-3β which has anti-tumor effects. Although NDRG2 operates as an adaptor protein to mediate the interaction between kinases and phosphatases, which is essential in regulating cell signaling related to tumor metastasis, the molecular mechanism of NDRG2 as an adapter protein does not seem to be fully elucidated. This review aims to assist the research design regarding NDRG2 function as an adaptor protein and suggests NDRG2 as a molecular target to inhibit tumor metastasis and improve the prognosis in tumor patients.
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4
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Sadrkhanloo M, Entezari M, Orouei S, Ghollasi M, Fathi N, Rezaei S, Hejazi ES, Kakavand A, Saebfar H, Hashemi M, Goharrizi MASB, Salimimoghadam S, Rashidi M, Taheriazam A, Samarghandian S. STAT3-EMT axis in tumors: modulation of cancer metastasis, stemness and therapy response. Pharmacol Res 2022; 182:106311. [PMID: 35716914 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) mechanism is responsible for metastasis of tumor cells and their spread to various organs and tissues of body, providing undesirable prognosis. In addition to migration, EMT increases stemness and mediates therapy resistance. Hence, pathways involved in EMT regulation should be highlighted. STAT3 is an oncogenic pathway that can elevate growth rate and migratory ability of cancer cells and induce drug resistance. The inhibition of STAT3 signaling impairs cancer progression and promotes chemotherapy-mediated cell death. Present review focuses on STAT3 and EMT interaction in modulating cancer migration. First of all, STAT3 is an upstream mediator of EMT and is able to induce EMT-mediated metastasis in brain tumors, thoracic cancers and gastrointestinal cancers. Therefore, STAT3 inhibition significantly suppresses cancer metastasis and improves prognosis of patients. EMT regulators such as ZEB1/2 proteins, TGF-β, Twist, Snail and Slug are affected by STAT3 signaling to stimulate cancer migration and invasion. Different molecular pathways such as miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs modulate STAT3/EMT axis. Furthermore, we discuss how STAT3 and EMT interaction affects therapy response of cancer cells. Finally, we demonstrate targeting STAT3/EMT axis by anti-tumor agents and clinical application of this axis for improving patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdokht Sadrkhanloo
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sima Orouei
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Ghollasi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nikoo Fathi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shamin Rezaei
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Sadat Hejazi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirabbas Kakavand
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Saebfar
- European University Association, League of European Research Universities, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
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5
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Mansour SG, Bhatraju PK, Coca SG, Obeid W, Wilson FP, Stanaway IB, Jia Y, Thiessen-Philbrook H, Go AS, Ikizler TA, Siew ED, Chinchilli VM, Hsu CY, Garg AX, Reeves WB, Liu KD, Kimmel PL, Kaufman JS, Wurfel MM, Himmelfarb J, Parikh SM, Parikh CR. Angiopoietins as Prognostic Markers for Future Kidney Disease and Heart Failure Events after Acute Kidney Injury. J Am Soc Nephrol 2022; 33:613-627. [PMID: 35017169 PMCID: PMC8975075 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2021060757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms underlying long-term sequelae after AKI remain unclear. Vessel instability, an early response to endothelial injury, may reflect a shared mechanism and early trigger for CKD and heart failure. METHODS To investigate whether plasma angiopoietins, markers of vessel homeostasis, are associated with CKD progression and heart failure admissions after hospitalization in patients with and without AKI, we conducted a prospective cohort study to analyze the balance between angiopoietin-1 (Angpt-1), which maintains vessel stability, and angiopoietin-2 (Angpt-2), which increases vessel destabilization. Three months after discharge, we evaluated the associations between angiopoietins and development of the primary outcomes of CKD progression and heart failure and the secondary outcome of all-cause mortality 3 months after discharge or later. RESULTS Median age for the 1503 participants was 65.8 years; 746 (50%) had AKI. Compared with the lowest quartile, the highest quartile of the Angpt-1:Angpt-2 ratio was associated with 72% lower risk of CKD progression (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.15 to 0.51), 94% lower risk of heart failure (aHR, 0.06; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.15), and 82% lower risk of mortality (aHR, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.09 to 0.35) for those with AKI. Among those without AKI, the highest quartile of Angpt-1:Angpt-2 ratio was associated with 71% lower risk of heart failure (aHR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.12 to 0.69) and 68% less mortality (aHR, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.15 to 0.68). There were no associations with CKD progression. CONCLUSIONS A higher Angpt-1:Angpt-2 ratio was strongly associated with less CKD progression, heart failure, and mortality in the setting of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherry G Mansour
- Clinical Translational Research Accelerator, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Section of Nephrology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Pavan K Bhatraju
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Steven G Coca
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Wassim Obeid
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Francis P Wilson
- Clinical Translational Research Accelerator, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Section of Nephrology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Ian B Stanaway
- Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Yaqi Jia
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Alan S Go
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California.,Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California.,Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - T Alp Ikizler
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Edward D Siew
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Vernon M Chinchilli
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Chi-Yuan Hsu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Amit X Garg
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,ICES, Ontario, Canada
| | - W Brian Reeves
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Joe and Teresa Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Kathleen D Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Department of Anesthesia, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Paul L Kimmel
- Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - James S Kaufman
- Division of Nephrology, Veterans Affairs New York Harbor Healthcare System and New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Mark M Wurfel
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jonathan Himmelfarb
- Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Samir M Parikh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chirag R Parikh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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El-Tanani M, Al Khatib AO, Aladwan SM, Abuelhana A, McCarron PA, Tambuwala MM. Importance of STAT3 signalling in cancer, metastasis and therapeutic interventions. Cell Signal 2022; 92:110275. [PMID: 35122990 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) protein is encoded on chromosome 17q21. The SH2 and the DNA binding domains are critical structural components of the protein, together with tyrosine and serine residues that initiate phosphorylation. STAT3 interacts with DNA directly and functions in cells as both a signal transducer and a transcription factor. Its cytoplasmic activation results in dimerisation and nuclear translocation, where it is involved in the transcription of a large number of target genes. STAT3 is hyperactive in cancer cells as a result of upstream STAT3 mutations or enhanced cytokine production in the tumour environment. The STAT3 signalling pathway promotes many hallmarks of carcinogenesis and metastasis, including enhanced cell proliferation and survival, as well as migration and invasion into the extracellular matrix. Recent investigations into novel STAT3-based therapies describe a range of innovative approaches, such as the use of novel oligonucleotide drugs. These limit STAT3 binding to its target genes by attaching to SH2 and DNA-binding domains. Yet, despite these significant steps in understanding the underpinning mechanisms, there are currently no therapeutic agents that addresses STAT3 signalling in a clinically relevant manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El-Tanani
- Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Centre, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Amman, Jordan; Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BJ, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom; Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom.
| | - Arwa Omar Al Khatib
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BJ, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Safwan Mahmoud Aladwan
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BJ, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed Abuelhana
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Paul A McCarron
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom..
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7
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Liu C, Mo LH, Feng BS, Jin QR, Li Y, Lin J, Shu Q, Liu ZG, Liu Z, Sun X, Yang PC. Twist1 contributes to developing and sustaining corticosteroid resistance in ulcerative colitis. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:7797-7812. [PMID: 34335965 PMCID: PMC8315068 DOI: 10.7150/thno.62256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Corticosteroid resistance (CR) is a serious drawback to steroid therapy in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC); the underlying mechanism is incompletely understood. Twist1 protein (TW1) is an apoptosis inhibitor and has immune regulatory functions. This study aims to elucidate the roles of TW1 in inducing and sustaining the CR status in UC. Methods: Surgically removed colon tissues of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) were collected, from which neutrophils were isolated by flow cytometry. The inflammation-related gene activities in neutrophils were analyzed by RNA sequencing. A CR colitis mouse model was developed with the dextran sulfate sodium approach in a hypoxia environment. Results: Higher TW1 gene expression was detected in neutrophils isolated from the colon tissues of UC patients with CR and the CR mouse colon tissues. TW1 physically interacted with glucocorticoid receptor (GR)α in CR neutrophils that prevented GRα from interacting with steroids; which consequently abrogated the effects of steroids on regulating the cellular activities of neutrophils. STAT3 (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-3) interacted with Ras protein activator like 1 to sustain the high TW1 expression in colon mucosal neutrophils of CR patients and CR mice. Inhibition of TW1 restored the sensitivity to corticosteroid of neutrophils in the colon tissues of a CR murine model. Conclusions: UC patients at CR status showed high TW1 expression in neutrophils. TW1 prevented steroids from regulating neutrophil activities. Inhibition of TW1 restored the sensitivity to corticosteroids in the colon tissues at the CR status.
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8
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Sun JR, Kong CF, Lou YN, Yu R, Qu XK, Jia LQ. Genome-Wide Profiling of Alternative Splicing Signature Reveals Prognostic Predictor for Esophageal Carcinoma. Front Genet 2020; 11:796. [PMID: 32793288 PMCID: PMC7387693 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alternative splicing (AS) is a molecular event that drives protein diversity through the generation of multiple mRNA isoforms. Growing evidence demonstrates that dysregulation of AS is associated with tumorigenesis. However, an integrated analysis in identifying the AS biomarkers attributed to esophageal carcinoma (ESCA) is largely unexplored. Methods AS percent-splice-in (PSI) data were obtained from the TCGA SpliceSeq database. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis was successively performed to identify the overall survival (OS)-associated AS events, followed by the construction of AS predictor through different splicing patterns. Then, a nomogram that combines the final AS predictor and clinicopathological characteristics was established. Finally, a splicing regulatory network was created according to the correlation between the AS events and the splicing factors (SF). Results We identified a total of 2389 AS events with the potential to be used as prognostic markers that are associated with the OS of ESCA patients. Based on splicing patterns, we then built eight AS predictors that are highly capable in distinguishing high- and low-risk patients, and in predicting ESCA prognosis. Notably, the area under curve (AUC) value for the exon skip (ES) prognostic predictor was shown to reach a score of 0.885, indicating that ES has the highest prediction strength in predicting ESCA prognosis. In addition, a nomogram that comprises the pathological stage and risk group was shown to be highly efficient in predicting the survival possibility of ESCA patients. Lastly, the splicing correlation network analysis revealed the opposite roles of splicing factors (SFs) in ESCA. Conclusion In this study, the AS events may provide reliable biomarkers for the prognosis of ESCA. The splicing correlation networks could provide new insights in the identification of potential regulatory mechanisms during the ESCA development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Rong Sun
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chen-Fan Kong
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Gastroenterology Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Ni Lou
- Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Yu
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Ke Qu
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Rheumatism Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Qun Jia
- Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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9
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Wang C, Yang Y, Yin L, Wei N, Hong T, Sun Z, Yao J, Li Z, Liu T. Novel Potential Biomarkers Associated With Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition and Bladder Cancer Prognosis Identified by Integrated Bioinformatic Analysis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:931. [PMID: 32695668 PMCID: PMC7338771 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignancies in terms of incidence and recurrence worldwide. The aim of this study was to identify novel prognostic biomarkers related to BC progression utilizing weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and further bioinformatic analysis. First, we constructed a co-expression network by using WGCNA among 274 TCGA-BLCA patients and preliminarily screened out four genes (CORO1C, TMPRSS4, PIK3C2B, and ZNF692) associated with advanced clinical traits. In support, GSE19915 and specimens from 124 patients were used to validate the genes selected by WGCNA; then, CORO1C and TMPRSS4 were confirmed as hub genes with strong prognostic values in BC. Moreover, the result of gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and gene set variation analysis (GSVA) indicated that CORO1C and TMPRSS4 might be involved in the process of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) reversely. In addition, high expression of CORO1C was found to be significantly correlated with tumor-infiltrating neutrophils (TINs), a negative regulatory component that facilitates tumor distant progression and induces poor clinical outcome. In conclusion, our study first identified CORO1C and TMPRSS4 as vital regulators in the process of tumor progression through influencing EMT and could be developed to effective prognostic and therapeutic targets in future BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyuan Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yujing Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lei Yin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ningde Wei
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ting Hong
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zuyu Sun
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiaxi Yao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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10
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Role of JAK/STAT3 Signaling in the Regulation of Metastasis, the Transition of Cancer Stem Cells, and Chemoresistance of Cancer by Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Cells 2020; 9:cells9010217. [PMID: 31952344 PMCID: PMC7017057 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway plays an essential role in various types of cancers. Activation of this pathway leads to increased tumorigenic and metastatic ability, the transition of cancer stem cells (CSCs), and chemoresistance in cancer via enhancing the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT acts as a critical regulator in the progression of cancer and is involved in regulating invasion, spread, and survival. Furthermore, accumulating evidence indicates the failure of conventional therapies due to the acquisition of CSC properties. In this review, we summarize the effects of JAK/STAT3 activation on EMT and the generation of CSCs. Moreover, we discuss cutting-edge data on the link between EMT and CSCs in the tumor microenvironment that involves a previously unknown function of miRNAs, and also discuss new regulators of the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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11
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Cao W, Xu C, Li X, Yang X. Twist1 promotes astrocytoma development by stimulating vasculogenic mimicry. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:846-855. [PMID: 31289562 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocytomas are one of the most vascularized types tumor in human cancers. Micro-vascular proliferation is an important factor for the classification of astrocytoma. Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is a novel tumor vascular model that develops independently of endothelial cells, and serves an important role in astrocytoma. Twist family bHLH transcription factor 1 (Twist1) is able to regulate the formation of VM; thus in the present study, the expression and importance of Twist1 was studied in astrocytoma tissues. The present study confirmed that the expression of Twist1 was associated with the grade of astrocytoma. Twist1 promotes the formation of VM and the development of astrocytomas, and may also regulate the formation of VM via vascular endothelial-cadherin and matrix metalloproteinase-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cao
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Can Xu
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Xinxing Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Xianghong Yang
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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12
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Lu W, Ding Z. Identification of key genes in prostate cancer gene expression profile by bioinformatics. Andrologia 2018; 51:e13169. [PMID: 30311263 DOI: 10.1111/and.13169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify key candidate genes in prostate cancer. The gene expression profiles of GSE32448, GSE45016, GSE46602 and GSE104749 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between prostate cancer and normal samples were identified by R language. The gene ontology functional and pathway enrichment analyses of DEGs were performed by the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery software followed by the construction of protein-protein interaction network. Hub gene identification was performed by the plug-in cytoHubba in Cytoscape software. The 217 DEGs were significantly enriched in biological processes including epithelial cell differentiation, response to estradiol and several pathways, mainly associated with protein digestion and absorption pathway in prostate cancer. Epithelial cell adhesion molecule, twist family basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor 1, CD38 molecule and vascular endothelial growth factor A were identified as hub genes. The expression levels of hub genes were consistent with data obtained in The Cancer Genome Atlas for prostate adenocarcinoma. These hub genes may be used as potential targets for prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzong Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhe Ding
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
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13
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Lu H, Lei X, Zhang Q. Liver-specific knockout of histone methyltransferase G9a impairs liver maturation and dysregulates inflammatory, cytoprotective, and drug-processing genes. Xenobiotica 2018; 49:740-752. [PMID: 29912608 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2018.1490044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Methyltransferase G9a is essential for a key gene silencing mark, histone H3 dimethylation at lysine-9 (H3K9me2). Hepatic G9a expression is down-regulated by xenobiotics and diabetes. However, little is known about the role of G9a in liver. Thus, we generated mice with liver-specific knockout (Liv-KO) of G9a. Adult G9a Liv-KO mice had marked loss of H3K9me2 proteins in liver, without overt liver injury or infiltration of inflammatory cells. However, G9a-null livers had ectopic induction of certain genes normally expressed in neural and immune systems. Additionally, G9a-null livers had moderate down-regulation of cytoprotective genes, markedly altered expression of certain important drug-processing genes, elevated endogenous reactive oxygen species, induction of ER stress marker Chop, but decreased glutathione and nuclear Nrf2. microRNA-383, a negative regulator of the PI3K/Akt pathway, was strongly induced in G9a Liv-KO mice. After LPS treatment, G9a Liv-KO mice had aggravated lipid peroxidation and proinflammatory response. Taken together, the present study demonstrates that G9a regulates liver maturation by silencing neural and proinflammatory genes but maintaining/activating cytoprotective and drug-processing genes, in which the G9a/miR-383/PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 (Chop) pathways may play important roles. G9a deficiency due to genetic polymorphism and/or environmental exposure may alter xenobiotic metabolism and aggravate inflammation and liver dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Lu
- a Department of Pharmacology , SUNY Upstate Medical University , Syracuse , USA
| | - Xiaohong Lei
- a Department of Pharmacology , SUNY Upstate Medical University , Syracuse , USA
| | - Qinghao Zhang
- a Department of Pharmacology , SUNY Upstate Medical University , Syracuse , USA
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