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Mestiri S, El-Ella DMA, Fernandes Q, Bedhiafi T, Almoghrabi S, Akbar S, Inchakalody V, Assami L, Anwar S, Uddin S, Gul ARZ, Al-Muftah M, Merhi M, Raza A, Dermime S. The dynamic role of immune checkpoint molecules in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of head and neck cancers. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116095. [PMID: 38183744 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most common cancer type, accounting for approximately 277,597 deaths worldwide. Recently, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) agents targeting programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) as a treatment regimen for head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Studies have reported the role of immune checkpoint inhibitors as targeted therapeutic regimens that unleash the immune response against HNSCC tumors. However, the overall response rates to immunotherapy vary between 14-32% in recurrent or metastatic HNSCC, with clinical response and treatment success being unpredictable. Keeping this perspective in mind, it is imperative to understand the role of T cells, natural killer cells, and antigen-presenting cells in modulating the immune response to immunotherapy. In lieu of this, these immune molecules could serve as prognostic and predictive biomarkers to facilitate longitudinal monitoring and understanding of treatment dynamics. These immune biomarkers could pave the path for personalized monitoring and management of HNSCC. In this review, we aim to provide updated immunological insight on the mechanism of action, expression, and the clinical application of immune cells' stimulatory and inhibitory molecules as prognostic and predictive biomarkers in HNC. The review is focused mainly on CD27 and CD137 (members of the TNF-receptor superfamily), natural killer group 2 member D (NKG2D), tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4 (TNFRSF4 or OX40), S100 proteins, PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM-3), cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3), indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA). It also highlights the importance of T, natural killer, and antigen-presenting cells as robust biomarker tools for understanding immune checkpoint inhibitor-based treatment dynamics. Though a comprehensive review, all aspects of the immune molecules could not be covered as they were beyond the scope of the review; Further review articles can cover other aspects to bridge the knowledge gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarra Mestiri
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Dina Moustafa Abo El-Ella
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Queenie Fernandes
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Takwa Bedhiafi
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Salam Almoghrabi
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shayista Akbar
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Varghese Inchakalody
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Laila Assami
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shaheena Anwar
- Department of Biosciences, Salim Habib University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute and Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdul Rehman Zar Gul
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mariam Al-Muftah
- Translational Cancer and Immunity Centre, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar; College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maysaloun Merhi
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Afsheen Raza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Said Dermime
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
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Li W, Xu T, Jin H, Li M, Jia Q. Emerging role of cancer-associated fibroblasts in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:155002. [PMID: 38056131 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.155002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal carcinoma is the sixth leading cause of cancer death globally and the majority of global cases are esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Difficulty in diagnosis exists as more than 70% of ESCC patients are diagnosed at the intermediate or advanced stage. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have been considered one of the crucial components in the process of tumor growth, promoting communications between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME). CAFs grow alongside malignancies dynamically and interact with ESCC cells to promote their progression, proliferation, invasion, tumor escape, chemo- and radio-resistance, etc. It is believed that CAFs qualify as a promising direction for treatment. Analyzing CAFs' subtypes and functions will elucidate the involvement of CAFs in ESCC and aid in therapeutics. This review summarizes current information on CAFs in ESCC and focuses on the latest interaction between CAFs and ESCC cancer cell discoveries. The origin of CAFs and their communication with ESCC cells and TME are also demonstrated. On the foundation of a thorough analysis, we highlight the clinical prospects and CAFs-related therapies in ESCC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianqi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hai Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.
| | - Mingyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Qingge Jia
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
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3
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Xue M, Tong Y, Xiong Y, Yu C. Role of cancer-associated fibroblasts in the progression, therapeutic resistance and targeted therapy of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1257266. [PMID: 37927475 PMCID: PMC10623436 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1257266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most aggressive malignant tumours with high morbidity and mortality. Although surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are common treatment options available for oesophageal cancer, the 5-year survival rate remains low after treatment. On the one hand, many oesophageal cancers are are discovered at an advanced stage and, on the other hand, treatment resistance is a major obstacle to treating locally advanced ESCC. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), the main type of stromal cell in the tumour microenvironment, enhance tumour progression and treatment resistance and have emerged as a major focus of study on targeted therapy of oesophageal cancer.With the aim of providing potential, prospective targets for improving therapeutic efficacy, this review summarises the origin and activation of CAFs and their specific role in regulating tumour progression and treatment resistance in ESCC. We also emphasize the clinical potential and emerging trends of ESCC CAFs-targeted treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Changhua Yu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
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Li R, Huang B, Tian H, Sun Z. Immune evasion in esophageal squamous cell cancer: From the perspective of tumor microenvironment. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1096717. [PMID: 36698392 PMCID: PMC9868934 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1096717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most life-threatening malignancies worldwide. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the dominant subtype, accounting for approximately 90% of new incident EC each year. Although multidisciplinary treatment strategies have advanced rapidly, patients with ESCC are often diagnosed at advanced stage and the long-term prognosis remains unsatisfactory. In recent decades, immunotherapy, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), tumor vaccines, and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy, has been successfully used in clinical practice as a novel therapy for treating tumors, bringing new hope to ESCC patients. However, only a small fraction of patients achieved clinical benefits due to primary or acquired resistance. Immune evasion plays a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of ESCC. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the mechanisms by which ESCC cells escape from anti-tumor immunity is necessary for a more effective multidisciplinary treatment strategy. It has been widely recognized that immune evasion is closely associated with the crosstalk between tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME). TME is a dynamic complex and comprehensive system including not only cellular components but also non-cellular components, which influence hallmarks and fates of tumor cells from the outside. Novel immunotherapy targeting tumor-favorable TME represents a promising strategy to achieve better therapeutic responses for patients with ESCC. In this review, we provide an overview of immune evasion in ESCC, mainly focusing on the molecular mechanisms that underlie the role of TME in immune evasion of ESCC. In addition, we also discuss the challenges and opportunities of precision therapy for ESCC by targeting TME.
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The exploitation of enzyme-based cancer immunotherapy. Hum Cell 2023; 36:98-120. [PMID: 36334180 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00821-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy utilizes the immune system and its wide-ranging components to deliver anti-tumor responses. In immune escape mechanisms, tumor microenvironment-associated soluble factors and cell surface-bound molecules are mainly accountable for the dysfunctional activity of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) and stromal cells. The myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), are also key tumor-promoting immune cells. These potent immunosuppressive networks avert tumor rejection at various stages, affecting immunotherapies' outcomes. Numerous clinical trials have elucidated that disruption of immunosuppression could be achieved via checkpoint inhibitors. Another approach utilizes enzymes that can restore the body's potential to counter cancer by triggering the immune system inhibited by the tumor microenvironment. These immunotherapeutic enzymes can catalyze an immunostimulatory signal and modulate the tumor microenvironment via effector molecules. Herein, we have discussed the immuno-metabolic roles of various enzymes like ATP-dephosphorylating ectoenzymes, inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase, phenylamine, tryptophan, and arginine catabolizing enzymes in cancer immunotherapy. Understanding the detailed molecular mechanisms of the enzymes involved in modulating the tumor microenvironment may help find new opportunities for cancer therapeutics.
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Occurrences and phenotypes of RIPK3-positive gastric cells in Helicobacter pylori infected gastritis and atrophic lesions. Dig Liver Dis 2022; 54:1342-1349. [PMID: 35514018 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2022.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research evidences suggest that diverse forms of programmed cell death (PCD) are involved in the helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-induced gastric inflammation and disorders. AIMS To characterize occurrences and phenotypes of necroptosis in gastric cells in H. pylori infected gastritis and atrophic specimens. METHODS Occurrences and phenotypes of necroptosis in gastric cells were immunohistochemically characterized with receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) antibody in both human H. pylori infected gastric gastritis, atrophic specimens, and transgenic mice. RESULTS Increased populations of RIPK3-positive cells were observed in both gastric glands and lamina propria in H. pylori infected human oxyntic gastritis and atrophic specimens. Phenotypic analysis revealed that many RIPK3-positive cells were H + K+ ATPase-positive parietal cells in the gastric glands and were predominantly CD3-positive T lymphocytes, CD68-positive macrophages, and SMA-alpha-positive stromal cells in the lamina propria. Furthermore, we found an increased expression of RIPK3-positive gastric glandular cells along with the histological process of hyperplasia-atrophy-dysplasia progression in hypergastrinemic INS-GAS mice. CONCLUSIONS An increased population of RIPK3-positive cells was observed in several types of gastric cells, future studies that define the effects and mechanisms of PCD implicated in the development of H. pylori induced gastric disorders are needed.
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Qiu L, Yue J, Ding L, Yin Z, Zhang K, Zhang H. Cancer-associated fibroblasts: An emerging target against esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2022; 546:215860. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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The Role of Indoleamine 2, 3-Dioxygenase 1 in Regulating Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112756. [PMID: 35681736 PMCID: PMC9179436 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is a rate-limiting enzyme that metabolizes an essential amino acid tryptophan (Trp) into kynurenine (Kyn), and it promotes the occurrence of immunosuppressive effects by regulating the consumption of Trp and the accumulation of Kyn in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Recent studies have shown that the main cellular components of TME interact with each other through this pathway to promote the formation of tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment. Here, we review the role of the immunosuppression mechanisms mediated by the IDO1 pathway in tumor growth. We discuss obstacles encountered in using IDO1 as a new tumor immunotherapy target, as well as the current clinical research progress.
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Song X, Si Q, Qi R, Liu W, Li M, Guo M, Wei L, Yao Z. Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1: A Promising Therapeutic Target in Malignant Tumor. Front Immunol 2022; 12:800630. [PMID: 35003126 PMCID: PMC8733291 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.800630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis is a complex multifactorial and multistep process in which tumors can utilize a diverse repertoire of immunosuppressive mechanisms to evade host immune attacks. The degradation of tryptophan into immunosuppressive kynurenine is considered an important immunosuppressive mechanism in the tumor microenvironment. There are three enzymes, namely, tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO), indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 2 (IDO2), involved in the metabolism of tryptophan. IDO1 has a wider distribution and higher activity in catalyzing tryptophan than the other two; therefore, it has been studied most extensively. IDO1 is a cytosolic monomeric, heme-containing enzyme, which is now considered an authentic immune regulator and represents one of the promising drug targets for tumor immunotherapy. Collectively, this review highlights the regulation of IDO1 gene expression and the ambivalent mechanisms of IDO1 on the antitumoral immune response. Further, new therapeutic targets via the regulation of IDO1 are discussed. A comprehensive analysis of the expression and biological function of IDO1 can help us to understand the therapeutic strategies of the inhibitors targeting IDO1 in malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Song
- Department of Immunology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qianqian Si
- Department of Immunology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Rui Qi
- Department of Immunology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Weidan Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital, Pingxiang County, Xingtai, China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Immunology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mengyue Guo
- Department of Immunology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lin Wei
- Department of Immunology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhiyan Yao
- Department of Immunology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
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10
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Gulfidan G, Beklen H, Sinha I, Kucukalp F, Caloglu B, Esen I, Turanli B, Ayyildiz D, Arga KY, Sinha R. Differential Protein Interactome in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Offers Novel Systems Biomarker Candidates with High Diagnostic and Prognostic Performance. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2021; 25:495-512. [PMID: 34297901 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2021.0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is among the most dangerous cancers with high mortality and lack of robust diagnostics and personalized/precision therapeutics. To achieve a systems-level understanding of tumorigenesis, unraveling of variations in the protein interactome and determination of key proteins exhibiting significant alterations in their interaction patterns during tumorigenesis are crucial. To this end, we have described differential protein-protein interactions and differentially interacting proteins (DIPs) in ESCC by utilizing the human protein interactome and transcriptome. Furthermore, DIP-centered modules were analyzed according to their potential in elucidation of disease mechanisms and improvement of efficient diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment strategies. Seven modules were presented as potential diagnostic, and 16 modules were presented as potential prognostic biomarker candidates. Importantly, our findings also suggest that 30 out of the 53 repurposed drugs were noncancer drugs, which could be used in the treatment of ESCC. Interestingly, 25 of these, proposed as novel drug candidates here, have not been previously associated in a context of esophageal cancer. In this context, risperidone and clozapine were validated for their growth inhibitory potential in three ESCC lines. Our findings offer a high potential for the development of innovative diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic strategies for further experimental studies in line with predictive diagnostics, targeted prevention, and personalization of medical services in ESCC specifically, and personalized cancer care broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Gulfidan
- Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hande Beklen
- Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Indu Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Fulya Kucukalp
- Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Buse Caloglu
- Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ipek Esen
- Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Beste Turanli
- Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilara Ayyildiz
- Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Raghu Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
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11
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The expression of RIPK3 is associated with cell turnover of gastric mucosa in the mouse and human stomach. J Mol Histol 2021; 52:849-857. [PMID: 34173165 PMCID: PMC8324621 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-021-10001-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Necroptosis is a novel manner of programmed cell death and important for tissue development, homeostasis, damage, and repair. Activation of receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3), a key member of receptor-interacting protein family in contributing significantly to necroptosis, in tissues is a hallmark of cells dying by necroptosis. However, there are few studies that examine the expression of RIPK3 in the glandular cells of stomachs under physiological condition. We have therefore conducted this study to immunohistochemically characterize the key element of necroptosis, RIPK3, in the mouse and human stomach. Results showed that RIPK3 positive cells could be observed in the surface mucosal cells, granular cells, and lamina propria cells in both mouse and human stomach tissues. Ratios of PCNA/RIPK3 positive cells in the glandular cells were ~ 2.1 in mouse and ~ 4.15 in human sections respectively. Morphological and double immunofluorescence analysis confirmed that these RIPK3 positive cells were mucous, parietal and lamina propria cells. Our results indicate that the expression of RIPK3 in different cell types might contribute to cell turnover of gastric mucosa in the mouse and human stomach under physiological condition.
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12
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Lu G, Qiu Y, Su X. Targeting CXCL12-CXCR4 Signaling Enhances Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy Against Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 157:105606. [PMID: 33131745 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Insufficient T cell infiltration in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has limited its response rate to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies and motivated the development of immunostimulatory approaches to enhance the ICB therapy. CXCR4 is a chemokine receptor highly upregulated both on cell surface and cytoplasm in tumor tissues. Activating CXCR4 has been associated with increased immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. Here, we developed a CXCR4-targeted liposomal formulation (Liposomal-AMD3100) to enhance therapeutic efficacy of AMD3100, a CXCR4 antagonist. Particularly, AMD3100 is not only encapsulated into the liposome but coated on the surface of the formulation to serve as a targeting moiety and a dual blocker capable of inhibiting CXCR4 activation extracellularly and intracellularly. The Liposomal-AMD3100 remodeled both immune and stromal microenvironment more efficiently compared with free AMD3100, indicating better pharmacodynamic profile of AMD3100 achieved by liposomal formulation. The combination of anti-PD-L1 with Liposomal-AMD3100 formulation exhibited an increased antitumor effect and prolonged survival time compared with monotherapies in a murine TNBC model (4T1). This work proves that immune activation via liposomal delivery of CXCR4 inhibitors has a great potential to expand ICB therapies to originally ICB-insensitive cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowen Lu
- Department of Thyroid and breast mininally invasive surgery, Ningbo Yinzhou People's Hospital, No.251 Baizhang East Road, 315000 Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R. China.
| | - Yier Qiu
- Department of Thyroid and breast mininally invasive surgery, Ningbo Yinzhou People's Hospital, No.251 Baizhang East Road, 315000 Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobao Su
- Department of Thyroid and breast mininally invasive surgery, Ningbo Yinzhou People's Hospital, No.251 Baizhang East Road, 315000 Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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13
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Zhao S, Peralta RM, Avina-Ochoa N, Delgoffe GM, Kaech SM. Metabolic regulation of T cells in the tumor microenvironment by nutrient availability and diet. Semin Immunol 2021; 52:101485. [PMID: 34462190 PMCID: PMC8545851 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T) for the treatment of cancer have generated excitement over their ability to yield durable, and potentially curative, responses in a multitude of cancers. These findings have established that the immune system is capable of eliminating tumors and led us to a better, albeit still incomplete, understanding of the mechanisms by which tumors interact with and evade destruction by the immune system. Given the central role of T cells in immunotherapy, elucidating the cell intrinsic and extrinsic factors that govern T cell function in tumors will facilitate the development of immunotherapies that establish durable responses in a greater number of patients. One such factor is metabolism, a set of fundamental cellular processes that not only sustains cell survival and proliferation, but also serves as a means for cells to interpret their local environment. Nutrient sensing is critical for T cells that must infiltrate into a metabolically challenging tumor microenvironment and expand under these harsh conditions to eliminate cancerous cells. Here we introduce T cell exhaustion with respect to cellular metabolism, followed by a discussion of nutrient availability at the tumor and organismal level in relation to T cell metabolism and function to provide rationale for the study and targeting of metabolism in anti-tumor immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Zhao
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ronal M Peralta
- Tumor Microenvironment Center, Department of Immunology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Natalia Avina-Ochoa
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Greg M Delgoffe
- Tumor Microenvironment Center, Department of Immunology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Susan M Kaech
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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14
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Immuno-Metabolism: The Role of Cancer Niche in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031258. [PMID: 33514004 PMCID: PMC7865434 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in treating cancer has revolutionized the approach to eradicate cancer cells by reactivating immune responses. However, only a subset of patients benefits from this treatment; the majority remains unresponsive or develops resistance to ICI therapy. Increasing evidence suggests that metabolic machinery in the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a role in the development of ICI resistance. Within the TME, nutrients and oxygen are scarce, forcing immune cells to undergo metabolic reprogramming to adapt to harsh conditions. Cancer-induced metabolic deregulation in immune cells can attenuate their anti-cancer properties, but can also increase their immunosuppressive properties. Therefore, targeting metabolic pathways of immune cells in the TME may strengthen the efficacy of ICIs and prevent ICI resistance. In this review, we discuss the interactions of immune cells and metabolic alterations in the TME. We also discuss current therapies targeting cellular metabolism in combination with ICIs for the treatment of cancer, and provide possible mechanisms behind the cellular metabolic rewiring that may improve clinical outcomes.
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Meireson A, Devos M, Brochez L. IDO Expression in Cancer: Different Compartment, Different Functionality? Front Immunol 2020; 11:531491. [PMID: 33072086 PMCID: PMC7541907 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.531491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is a cytosolic haem-containing enzyme involved in the degradation of tryptophan to kynurenine. Although initially thought to be solely implicated in the modulation of innate immune responses during infection, subsequent discoveries demonstrated IDO1 as a mechanism of acquired immune tolerance. In cancer, IDO1 expression/activity has been observed in tumor cells as well as in the tumor-surrounding stroma, which is composed of endothelial cells, immune cells, fibroblasts, and mesenchymal cells. IDO1 expression/activity has also been reported in the peripheral blood. This manuscript reviews available data on IDO1 expression, mechanisms of its induction, and its function in cancer for each of these compartments. In-depth study of the biological function of IDO1 according to the expressing (tumor) cell can help to understand if and when IDO1 inhibition can play a role in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabel Meireson
- Department of Dermatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michael Devos
- Department of Dermatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lieve Brochez
- Department of Dermatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
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16
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Han P, Cao P, Hu S, Kong K, Deng Y, Zhao B, Li F. Esophageal Microenvironment: From Precursor Microenvironment to Premetastatic Niche. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:5857-5879. [PMID: 32765088 PMCID: PMC7371556 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s258215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is the sixth most deadly cancer, and its incidence is still increasing year by year. Although the researches on the molecular mechanisms of EC have been widely carried out and incremental progress has been made, its overall survival rate is still low. There is cumulative evidence showing that the esophageal microenvironment plays a vital role in the development of EC. In precancerous lesions of the esophagus, high-risk environmental factors can promote the development of precancerous lesions by inducing the production of inflammatory factors and the recruitment of immune cells. In the tumor microenvironment, tumor-promoting cells can inhibit anti-tumor immunity and promote tumor progression through a variety of pathways, such as bone marrow-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumor-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), and regulatory T cells (Tregs). The formation of extracellular hypoxia and acidic microenvironment and the change of extracellular matrix stiffness are also important factors affecting tumor progression and metastasis. Simultaneously, primary tumor-derived cytokines and bone marrow-derived immune cells can also promote the formation of pre-metastasis niche of EC lymph nodes, which are beneficial to EC lymph node metastasis. Further research on the specific mechanism of these processes in the occurrence, development, and metastasis of each EC subtype will support us to grasp the overall pre-cancerous prevention, targeted treatment, and metastatic assessment of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Cao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangle Kong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
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Zhang X, Yuan A, Zhao X, Li Z, Cui G. Tumoral Expression of CD166 in Human Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Implications for Cancer Progression and Prognosis. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2020; 35:214-222. [PMID: 32196367 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.3089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating data showed that cancer stem cells (CSCs) identified by cell surface markers contribute to the initiation, progression, and prognosis of human cancers. In this study, the expression of CSC candidates CD166, CD44, and Lgr5 in 65 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and 16 cases of control esophageal tissues were examined with immunohistochemistry (IHC). The correlation between tumoral expression levels of these CSC candidates and clinicopathological variables was analyzed. IHC results showed that the expression of CD166 in esophageal control tissues was completely negative, but it was in 87.69% (57/65) ESCC tissues. The expression of CD44 and Lgr5 did not differ between esophageal control tissues and ESCC tissues (p > 0.05). In addition, there were not correlations found among the expression levels of CD166, CD44, and Lgr5 in ESCC tissues. Clinicopathological analysis revealed that the tumoral expression level of CD166 correlated with lymph node involvement and TNM staging in patients with ESCC, and lower tumoral expression of CD44 was found in patients with advanced TNM staging. Kaplan-Meier survival curves suggested that expression level of CD166 appeared to have a negative impact on overall survival rate after surgery in patients with ESCC. Such impact was not found in other two CSC candidates. The authors therefore conclude that CD166 is a potential prognostic biomarker and correlates with advanced progression features in patients with ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshan Zhang
- Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,The Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Aping Yuan
- Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Xueru Zhao
- Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenfeng Li
- Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guanglin Cui
- Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Faculty of Health Science, Nord University, Campus Levanger, Levanger, Norway
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Wang H, Mao L, Zhang T, Zhang L, Wu Y, Guo W, Hu J, Ju H, Ren G. Altered expression of TIM‐3, LAG‐3, IDO, PD‐L1, and CTLA‐4 during nimotuzumab therapy correlates with responses and prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. J Oral Pathol Med 2019; 48:669-676. [PMID: 31132187 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- College of Stomatology Weifang Medical University Weifang China
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial‐Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology Shanghai China
| | - Lu Mao
- College of Stomatology Weifang Medical University Weifang China
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial‐Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology Shanghai China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial‐Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology Shanghai China
| | - Liming Zhang
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial‐Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology Shanghai China
| | - Yuteng Wu
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial‐Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology Shanghai China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial‐Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology Shanghai China
| | - Jingzhou Hu
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial‐Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology Shanghai China
| | - Houyu Ju
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial‐Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology Shanghai China
| | - Guoxin Ren
- College of Stomatology Weifang Medical University Weifang China
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial‐Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology Shanghai China
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Ye Z, Yue L, Shi J, Shao M, Wu T. Role of IDO and TDO in Cancers and Related Diseases and the Therapeutic Implications. J Cancer 2019; 10:2771-2782. [PMID: 31258785 PMCID: PMC6584917 DOI: 10.7150/jca.31727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Kynurenine (Kyn) pathway is a significant metabolic pathway of tryptophan (Trp). The metabolites of the Kyn pathway are closely correlated with numerous diseases. Two main enzymes, indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO or TDO2), regulate the first and rate-limiting step of the Kyn pathway. These enzymes are directly or indirectly involved in various diseases, including inflammatory diseases, cancer, diabetes, and mental disorders. Presently, an increasing number of potential mechanisms have been revealed. In the present review, we depict the structure of IDO and TDO and explicate their functions in various diseases to facilitate a better understanding of them and to indicate new therapeutic plans to target them. Moreover, we summarize the inhibitors of IDO/TDO that are currently under development and their efficacy in the treatment of cancer and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixiang Ye
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Linxiu Yue
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiachen Shi
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mingmei Shao
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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20
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Cui G, Li Z, Ren J, Yuan A. IL-33 in the tumor microenvironment is associated with the accumulation of FoxP3-positive regulatory T cells in human esophageal carcinomas. Virchows Arch 2019; 475:579-586. [DOI: 10.1007/s00428-019-02579-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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21
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Cui G, Ren J, Xu G, Li Z, Zheng W, Yuan A. Cellular and clinicopathological features of the IL-33/ST2 axis in human esophageal squamous cell carcinomas. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:203. [PMID: 30559604 PMCID: PMC6290492 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0700-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging evidence has suggested that interleukin (IL)-33 and its primary functional receptor ST2 are involved in the pathogenesis of tumorigenesis. Methods Using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and double immunofluorescence staining, we characterized the cellular and clinicopathological features of the IL-33/ST2 axis in different compartments in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) surgical specimens. Results IHC data revealed an increased expression of IL-33-immunoreactivity (IR) and ST2-IR located in both ESCC cells and tumor stromal cells; which were associated with advanced clinicopathological features such as TNM stages and node involvement. However, the Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that densities of neither IL-33 positive nor ST2 positive cells in both the ESCC mass and stroma were associated with the overall survival rate in patients with ESCC. Double immunofluorescence staining for cellular feature analysis demonstrated that these IL-33 positive and ST2 positive cells in ESCCs were with a high proliferation rate, and IL-33-IR was frequently co-expressed with ST2-IR in both ESCC and stromal cells. Conclusion Significant altered cellular features of the IL-33/ST2 axis in ESCCs were associated with advanced clinicopathological variables. The data suggest that the IL-33/ST2 axis might be involved in the progression of human ESCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglin Cui
- 1Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan China.,2Faculty of Health Science, Nord University, Campus Levanger, Levanger, Norway
| | - Jingli Ren
- 3Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Gang Xu
- 1Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Zhenfeng Li
- 1Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Wei Zheng
- 1Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Aping Yuan
- 1Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan China.,4Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
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22
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Acovic A, Gazdic M, Jovicic N, Harrell CR, Fellabaum C, Arsenijevic N, Volarevic V. Role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in pathology of the gastrointestinal tract. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2018; 11:1756284818815334. [PMID: 30574192 PMCID: PMC6295700 DOI: 10.1177/1756284818815334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) has the most important role in modulation of tryptophan-dependent effects in the gastrointestinal tract, including modulation of intestinal immune response. An increased IDO activity maintains immune tolerance and attenuates ongoing inflammation but allows immune escape and uncontrolled growth of gastrointestinal tumors. Accordingly, IDO represents a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of inflammatory and malignant diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. In this review article, we summarize current knowledge about molecular and cellular mechanisms that are involved in IDO-dependent effects. We provide a brief outline of experimental and clinical studies that increased our understanding of how enhanced IDO activity: controls host-microbiota interactions in the gut; regulates detrimental immune response in inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal system; and allows immune escape and uncontrolled growth of gastrointestinal tumors. Additionally, we present future perspectives regarding modulation of IDO activity in the gut as possible new therapeutic approaches for the treatment of inflammatory and malignant diseases of the gastrointestinal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Acovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marina Gazdic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nemanja Jovicic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | | | - Crissy Fellabaum
- Regenerative Processing Plant-RPP, LLC, Palm Harbor, Florida, USA
| | - Nebojsa Arsenijevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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