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Enhancement Effects of Water Magnetization and/or Disinfection by Sodium Hypochlorite on Secondary Slaughterhouse Wastewater Effluent Quality and Disinfection By-Products. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10081589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wastewater disinfection is one of the most critical issues in protecting human health against exposure to waterborne pathogenies. Chlorine is among the most commonly used disinfectants in many wastewaters’ treatment plants. Nevertheless, disquiets regarding chlorine’s disinfection by-products (DBPs) have grown recently. One of the most effective ways to reduce DBPs generation is to reduce chlorine dosage by increasing disinfectant efficiency. Using magnetic field (MF) in wastewater treatment is one of the promising research topics with significant progression. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of using a magnetic field and/or sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) disinfection on secondary slaughterhouse wastewater effluent quality and by-products. Three groups of secondary slaughterhouse wastewater effluents were used: G1 was treated with NaClO only at 0, 2, 4, and 6 mg/L; G2 was treated with exposure to MF at 14,500 gausses, and G3 was pretreated with MF, then NaClO at the exact chlorine dosages and MF strength. The results showed an augmented effect when using a magnetic field as a pre-treatment step before NaClO treatment in the remediation of slaughterhouse wastewater over the use of any of them solely. The removal rate of COD and BOD increased by up to 26 and 20%, respectively, when pre-treatment with MF was employed as a mean percentage at all chlorine dosages, while TSS, TDS, and EC increased by 23.5 and 5.5%, respectively. Over and above, the removal rate for each TN and TP increased by 12 and 6.5% as a mean percentage at all chlorine dosages when using a combination of the two. In addition, pre-treatment by MF reduced the required concentration of NaClO from 6 to 4 mg/L, resulting in an 11% increase in the reduction rate of total coliform count, 8% increase in the reduction rate of fecal coliforms, and 10% increase in the reduction rate of E. coli and 5% in Salmonella via increasing the disinfection efficiency of NaClO. Finally, it decreased the concentration of Chloroform produced by more than 77.2% by using the higher concentration of NaClO (6 mg/L). The issue that approved the promising approach of using MF as a pre-treatment step in the treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater provides the advantage of using smaller dosages of disinfection, lowering the cost of the procedure process, and reducing the harmful concentration of DBPs.
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Yang Y, Lin E, Sun S, Tao X, Zhong L, Hu K. Piggery wastewater treatment by Acinetobacter sp. TX5 immobilized with spent mushroom substrate in a fixed-bed reactor. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 644:1460-1468. [PMID: 30743858 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Acinetobacter sp. TX5 immobilized with spent Hypsizygus marmoreus substrate (SHMS) was used to treat the raw piggery wastewater (RPW). In batch experiments, NH4+-N in the diluted RPW decreased from initial 34.95 mg/L to 3.83 mg/L at 8 h with the removal efficiency (RE) being 89%, and the beads immobilized with SHMS were comparable to those immobilized with activated carbon. In continuous experiments, the RE ranged from 74% to 95% for NH4+-N, from 73% to 93% for TN and from 54% to 82% for COD when the RPW was treated in a fixed-bed reactor packed with SHMS-immobilized TX5. The isotope analysis and enzyme purification indicated simultaneous nitrification and denitrification existing in TX5. This is the first time that spent mushroom substrates have been used to immobilize Acinetobacter species to treat the real RPW and a denitrifying nitrite reductase (dNiR) has been purified to make the nitrogen removal pathway in this species clearer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Yang
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Gutian Edible Fungi Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Gutian, Fujian, China.
| | - Ershu Lin
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shuqian Sun
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xin Tao
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lanying Zhong
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Kaihui Hu
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Gutian Edible Fungi Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Gutian, Fujian, China
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Maqbool T, Cho J, Hur J. Changes in spectroscopic signatures in soluble microbial products of activated sludge under different osmotic stress conditions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 255:29-38. [PMID: 29414170 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.01.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Spectroscopic techniques were used to examine the subtle changes in soluble microbial products (SMP) of batch activated sludge bioreactors working at different salinities (i.e., 0%, 1%, 3%, and 5% NaCl). The changes in different fluorescent constituent were tracked by excitation-emission matrix combined with parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC), and the sequential production was further identified by two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS). Greater enrichment of tryptophan-like component and large-sized biopolymer were found in SMP for higher saline bioreactors, suggesting the SMP sources from bound extracellular polymeric substances and excreted intercellular constituents. 2D-COS revealed the opposite sequences of the fluorescence changes in SMP between the low and the high saline bioreactors, following the order of "tyrosine-like > tryptophan-like > humic-like fluorescence" for the latter. This study clarified the dominant mechanisms involved in SMP formation during elevating salinity, which were well supported by the changes in SMP spectroscopic features, microbial activity, and organic degradation rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Maqbool
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - Jinwoo Cho
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - Jin Hur
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea.
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Han Z, Chen S, Lin X, Yu H, Duan L, Ye Z, Jia Y, Zhu S, Liu D. Performance and membrane fouling of a step-fed submerged membrane sequencing batch reactor treating swine biogas digestion slurry. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2018; 53:65-72. [PMID: 29035679 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2017.1368302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To identify the performance of step-fed submerged membrane sequencing batch reactor (SMSBR) treating swine biogas digestion slurry and to explore the correlation between microbial metabolites and membrane fouling within this novel reactor, a lab-scale step-fed SMSBR was operated under nitrogen loading rate of 0.026, 0.052 and 0.062 g NH4+-N (gVSS·d)-1. Results show that the total removal efficiencies for NH4+-N, total nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand in the reactor (>94%, >89% and >97%, respectively) were high during the whole experiment. However, the cycle removal efficiency of NH4+-N decreased significantly when the nitrogen loading rate was increased to 0.062 g NH4+-N (gVSS·d)-1. The total removal efficiency of total phosphorus in the step-fed SMSBR was generally higher than 75%, though large fluctuations were observed during the experiments. In addition, the concentrations of microbial metabolites, i.e., soluble microbial products (SMP) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from activated sludge increased as nitrogen loading rate increased, both showing quadratic equation correlations with viscosity of the mixed liquid in the step-fed SMSBR (both R2 > 0.90). EPS content was higher than SMP content, while protein (PN) was detected as the main component in both SMP and EPS. EPS PN was found to be well correlated with transmembrane pressure, membrane flux and the total membrane fouling resistance. Furthermore, the three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy results suggested the tryptophan-like protein as one of the main contributors to the membrane fouling. Overall, this study showed that the step-fed SMSBR could be used to treat swine digestion slurry at nitrogen loading rate of 0.052 g NH4+-N (gVSS·d)-1, and the control strategy of membrane fouling should be developed based on reducing the tryptophan-like PN in EPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiying Han
- a College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Shixia Chen
- a College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Xiaochang Lin
- a College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Hongjun Yu
- a College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
- b Agricultural Engineering Consulting Center , Beijing , China
| | - Li'an Duan
- a College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Zhangying Ye
- a College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Yanbo Jia
- c Hangzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Songming Zhu
- a College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Dezhao Liu
- a College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
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He S, Ding L, Li K, Hu H, Ye L, Ren H. Comparative study of activated sludge with different individual nitrogen sources at a low temperature: Effluent dissolved organic nitrogen compositions, metagenomic and microbial community. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 247:915-923. [PMID: 30060430 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore nitrogen removal, especially effluent dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) composition, relative genes and microbial community structures with four individual nitrogen sources at 5°C. Results show that effluent DON did not have dependent relationship with the TN removal rate (urea>ammonia chloride>L-Alanine>D-Alanine). With the same influent TN, the highest effluent DON was formed with urea; the lowest DON was fed with ammonia chloride. The main DON composition was the product of cell metabolism excluding urea, rather than the original substrate. Glutamic acid synthesizing process was of great importance to DON accumulation at 5°C. The nitrogen source type was important to the diversity and heterogeneity of the nitrogen removal genes. Bacterial population structure using redundancy analysis (RDA) showed Simplicispira occupied a higher abundance remarkably in the reactors feeding with urea, and Dyadobacter occupied higher feeding with l-Alanine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su He
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Lili Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Kan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Haidong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Lin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hongqiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Wang T, Dang Q, Liu C, Yan J, Fan B, Cha D, Yin Y, Zhang Y. Heterotrophic nitrogen removal by a newly-isolated alkalitolerant microorganism, Serratia marcescens W5. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 211:618-627. [PMID: 27043057 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.03.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A new microbe, Serratia marcescens W5 was successfully isolated. Its feasibility in purification of excessively nitrogen-containing wastewater was evaluated using inorganic nitrogen media. Single factor tests showed that W5 exhibited high ammonium removal rates (above 80%) under different culture conditions (pH 7-10, C/N ratios of 6-20, 15-35°C, 0-2.5% of salinity, respectively). Besides various organic carbon sources, W5 was able to utilize calcium carbonate with 28.05% of ammonium removed. Further experiments indicated that W5 was capable of resisting high-strength ammonium (1200mg/L) with the maximum removal rate of 514.13mgL(-1)d(-1). The nitrogen removal pathway of W5 was also tested, showing that both nitrite and nitrate were efficiently removed only in the presence of ammonium, with hydroxylamine as intermediate, which was different from the conventional nitrogen removal pathway. All the results verified that W5 was a good candidate for the purification of excessively nitrogenous wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wang
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Qifeng Dang
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Chengsheng Liu
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
| | - Jingquan Yan
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Bing Fan
- Qingdao Aorun Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Room 602, Century Mansion, 39 Donghaixi Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Dongsu Cha
- The Graduate School of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, South Korea
| | - Yanyan Yin
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Yubei Zhang
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, PR China
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