1
|
Zhou JL, Li JN, Zhou D, Wang JM, Ye YH, Zhang C, Gao F. Dialysis bag-microalgae photobioreactor: Novel strategy for enhanced bioresource production and wastewater purification. J Environ Manage 2024; 354:120439. [PMID: 38401502 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Cultivating microalgae in wastewater offers various advantages, but it still faces limitations such as bacteria and other impurities in wastewater affecting the growth and purity of microalgae, difficulty in microalgae harvesting, and extracellular products of microalgae affecting effluent quality. In this study, a novel dialysis bag-microalgae photobioreactor (Db-PBR) was developed to achieve wastewater purification and purer bioresource recovery by culturing microalgae in a dialysis bag. The dialysis bag in the Db-PBR effectively captured the microalgae cells and promoted their lipid accumulation, leading to higher biomass (1.53 times of the control) and lipid production (2.50 times of the control). During the stable operation stage of Db-PBR, the average soluble microbial products (SMP) content outside the dialysis bag was 25.83 mg L-1, which was significantly lower than that inside the dialysis bag (185.63 mg L-1), indicating that the dialysis bag effectively intercepted the SMP secreted by microalgae. As a result, the concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in Db-PBR effluent was significantly lower than that of traditional photobioreactor. Furthermore, benefiting from the dialysis bag in the reactor effectively intercepted the microorganisms in wastewater, significantly improving the purity of the cultured microalgae biomass, which is beneficial for the development of high-value microalgae products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Long Zhou
- School of Petrochemical Engineering & Environment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316000, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Environmental Pollution Control, Zhoushan, 316000, China
| | - Jia-Nan Li
- School of Petrochemical Engineering & Environment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316000, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Environmental Pollution Control, Zhoushan, 316000, China
| | - Dan Zhou
- School of Petrochemical Engineering & Environment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316000, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Environmental Pollution Control, Zhoushan, 316000, China
| | - Jia-Ming Wang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering & Environment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316000, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Environmental Pollution Control, Zhoushan, 316000, China
| | - Yi-Hang Ye
- School of Petrochemical Engineering & Environment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316000, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Environmental Pollution Control, Zhoushan, 316000, China
| | - Ci Zhang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering & Environment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316000, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Environmental Pollution Control, Zhoushan, 316000, China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Petrochemical Engineering & Environment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316000, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Environmental Pollution Control, Zhoushan, 316000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mannina G, Ni BJ, Makinia J, Harmand J, Alliet M, Brepols C, Ruano MV, Robles A, Heran M, Gulhan H, Rodriguez-Roda I, Comas J. Biological processes modelling for MBR systems: A review of the state-of-the-art focusing on SMP and EPS. Water Res 2023; 242:120275. [PMID: 37413746 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
A mathematical correlation between biomass kinetic and membrane fouling can improve the understanding and spread of Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) technology, especially in solving the membrane fouling issues. On this behalf, this paper, produced by the International Water Association (IWA) Task Group on Membrane modelling and control, reviews the current state-of-the-art regarding the modelling of kinetic processes of biomass, focusing on modelling production and utilization of soluble microbial products (SMP) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). The key findings of this work show that the new conceptual approaches focus on the role of different bacterial groups in the formation and degradation of SMP/EPS. Even though several studies have been published regarding SMP modelling, there still needs to be more information due to the highly complicated SMP nature to facilitate the accurate modelling of membrane fouling. The EPS group has seldom been addressed in the literature, probably due to the knowledge deficiency concerning the triggers for production and degradation pathways in MBR systems, which require further efforts. Finally, the successful model applications showed that proper estimation of SMP and EPS by modelling approaches could optimise membrane fouling, which can influence the MBR energy consumption, operating costs, and greenhouse gas emissions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Mannina
- Engineering Department, Palermo University, Viale delle Scienze, Ed.8, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Jacek Makinia
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, ul. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Marion Alliet
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Christoph Brepols
- Erftverband, Wastewater Department, Am Erftverband 6, 50126 Bergheim, Germany
| | - M Victoria Ruano
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria (ETSE-UV), Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - Angel Robles
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria (ETSE-UV), Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - Marc Heran
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Hazal Gulhan
- Engineering Department, Palermo University, Viale delle Scienze, Ed.8, 90128 Palermo, Italy; Environmental Engineering Department, Civil Engineering Faculty, Istanbul Technical University, Ayazaga Campus, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ignasi Rodriguez-Roda
- LEQUiA, Laboratory of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Comas
- LEQUiA, Laboratory of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain; Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Z, Song B, Xu L, He Y, Chen H, Zhang A, Wang Y, Tai J, Zhang R, Song L, Xue G. Organic carbon source excites extracellular polymeric substances to boost Fe 0-mediated autotrophic denitrification in mixotrophic system. Chemosphere 2023:139352. [PMID: 37394192 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Fe0-mediated autotrophic denitrification (ADN) can be suppressed by iron oxide coverage resulting from Fe0 corrosion. The mixotrophic denitrification (MDN) coupling Fe0-mediated ADN with heterotrophic denitrification (HDN) can circumvent the weakening of Fe0-mediated ADN over operation time. But the interaction between HDN and Fe0-mediated ADN for nitrogen removal of secondary effluent with deficient bioavailable organics remains unclear. When the influent COD/NO3--N ratio increased from 0.0 to 1.8-2.1, the TN removal efficiency was promoted significantly. The increased carbon source did not inhibit ADN, but promoted ADN and HDN synchronously. The formation of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) was also facilitated concomitantly. Protein (PN) and humic acid (HA) in EPS increased significantly, which capable of accelerating electron transfer of denitrification. Due to that the electron transfer of HDN occurs intracellularly, the EPS with the capacity of accelerating electron transfer had a negligible influence on HDN. But for Fe0-mediated ADN, the increased EPS as well as corresponding PN and HA facilitated TN and NO3--N removal significantly, while accelerated the electron release originating from Fe0 corrosion. The bioorganic-Fe complexes were generated on Fe0 surface after used, meaning that the soluble EPS and soluble microbial products (SMP) participated in the electron transfer of Fe0-mediated ADN. The coexistence of HDN and ADN denitrifiers demonstrated the synchronous enhancement of HDN and ADN by the external carbon source. From the perspective of EPS and related SMP, the insight of enhancing Fe0-mediated ADN by external carbon source is beneficial to implement high-efficiency MDN for organics-deficient secondary wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Binxue Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Lei Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yueling He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Ai Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yayi Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jun Tai
- Shanghai Environmental Sanitation Engineering Design Institute Co. Ltd, Shanghai, 200232, China
| | - Ruina Zhang
- Shanghai Environmental Sanitation Engineering Design Institute Co. Ltd, Shanghai, 200232, China
| | - Lijie Song
- Shanghai Environmental Sanitation Engineering Design Institute Co. Ltd, Shanghai, 200232, China
| | - Gang Xue
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kang J, Song CQ, Zhou N, Zhang YW, Liu SL, Song GF, Zhou WN. Modeling the Operating Performance of a Drinking Water Biological Aerated Filter and the Formation of Organic Nitrogen. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:59579-59595. [PMID: 37010682 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26116-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, simultaneous storage and growth mechanism, as well as the formation processes of organic nitrogen (ON), were both introduced into activated sludge model 3 (ASM3), and ASM3-ON was formed to predict the operation of biofilm treatment processes and the formation of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON). ASM3-ON was applied to a lab-scale biological aerated filter (BAF) for water supply. During the simulation, the sensitivities of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate nitrogen (NOx--N), and DON to the stoichiometric and kinetic coefficients in the model were analyzed first by the Sobol method. Then, the model prediction results were compared with experimental values to calibrate ASM3-ON. In the validation process, ASM3-ON was applied to predict the variations of COD, NH4+-N, NO2--N, and NO3--N in BAF under different aeration ratios (0, 0.5:1, 2:1, and 10:1) and different filtration velocities (0.5, 2, and 4 m/h). The comparison with the experimental results showed that ASM3-ON could accurately predict the variation characteristics of COD, NH4+-N, NOx--N, and DON in BAF. This study provided a practical model approach to optimize the operating performance of BAF and reduce the formation of ON through nonexperimental methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Kang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Ural Institute, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Zhong Zhou Water Holding Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Chu-Qiong Song
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Ural Institute, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Ning Zhou
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Ural Institute, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yao-Wen Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Ural Institute, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Shu-Li Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Ural Institute, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Zhong Zhou Water Holding Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Gang-Fu Song
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Ural Institute, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
- Zhong Zhou Water Holding Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Wa-Ni Zhou
- Zhong Zhou Water Holding Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Qiu J, Li T, Lü F, Huang Y, Li C, Zhang H, Shao L, He P. Molecular behavior and interactions with microbes during anaerobic degradation of bio-derived DOM in waste leachate. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 126:174-183. [PMID: 36503747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
It is the key to control bio-derived dissolved organic matters (DOM) in order to reduce the effluent concentration of wastewater treatment, especially for waste leachate with high organic contaminants. In the present study, the anaerobic degradation of aerobically stabilized DOM was investigated with DOM substrate isolated through electrodialysis. The degradation of bio-derived DOM was confirmed by reduction of 15% of total organic carbon in 100 days. We characterized the molecular behavior of bio-derived DOM by coupling molecular and biological information analysis. Venn based Sankey diagram of mass features showed the transformation of bio-derived DOM mass features. Occurrence frequency analysis divided mass features into six categories so as to distinguish the fates of intermediate metabolites and persistent compounds. Reactivity continuum model and machine learning technologies realized the semi-quantitative determination on the kinetics of DOM mass features in the form of pseudo-first order, and confirmed the reduction of inert mass features. Furthermore, network analysis statistically establish relationship between DOM mass features and microbes to identify the active microbes that are able to utilize bio-derived DOM. This work confirmed the biological technology is still effective in controlling recalcitrant bio-derived DOM during wastewater treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Qiu
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Tianqi Li
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Fan Lü
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Multi-source Solid Wastes Co-Processing and Energy Utilization, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Yulong Huang
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Chao Li
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Liming Shao
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Multi-source Solid Wastes Co-Processing and Energy Utilization, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Pinjing He
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Multi-source Solid Wastes Co-Processing and Energy Utilization, Shanghai 200092, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hasani Zadeh P, Fermoso FG, Collins G, Serrano A, Mills S, Abram F. Impacts of metal stress on extracellular microbial products, and potential for selective metal recovery. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 252:114604. [PMID: 36758509 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Harnessing microbial capabilities for metal recovery from secondary waste sources is an eco-friendly and sustainable approach for the management of metal-containing wastes. Soluble microbial products (SMP) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are the two main groups of extracellular compounds produced by microorganisms in response to metal stress that are of great importance for remediation and recovery of metals. These include various high-, and low, molecular weight components, which serve various functional and structural roles. These compounds often contain functional groups with metal binding potential that can attenuate metal stress by sequestering metal ions, making them less bioavailable. Microorganisms can regulate the content and composition of EPS and SMP in response to metal stress in order to increase the compounds specificity and capacity for metal binding. Thus, EPS and SMP represent ideal candidates for developing technologies for selective metal recovery from complex wastes. To discover highly metal-sorptive compounds with specific metal binding affinity for metal recovery applications, it is necessary to investigate the metal binding affinity of these compounds, especially under metal stressed conditions. In this review we critically reviewed microbial EPS and SMP production as a response to metal stress with a particular emphasis on the metal binding properties of these compounds and their role in altering metal bioavailability. Furthermore, for the first time, we compiled the available data on potential application of these compounds for selective metal recovery from waste streams.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Hasani Zadeh
- Bioprocesses for the Circular Economy Group, Instituto de la Grasa, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Seville, Spain; Microbiology, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Fernando G Fermoso
- Bioprocesses for the Circular Economy Group, Instituto de la Grasa, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | - Gavin Collins
- Microbiology, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Antonio Serrano
- Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain; Department of Microbiology, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Simon Mills
- Microbiology, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Florence Abram
- Microbiology, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cao L, Ni L, Qi L, Wen H, Wang Z, Meng J, Zhang X, Zhang Y. The application of post-denitrification fixed biofilm reactor for polishing secondary effluent: Nitrate removal, soluble microbial products and micropollutants biotransformation. Bioresour Technol 2023; 369:128511. [PMID: 36538964 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to comprehensively evaluate the role of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on simultaneous removal of nitrate and micropollutants (MPs) in secondary effluent from wastewater treatment plants in post-denitrification fixed biofilm reactor (PDFBR). Results showed that PDFBR was favorable for nitrate removal (above 94%). Prolonged HRT promoted the bio-utilization of nonaromatic soluble microbial products with low molecular weight and reduced biomass production. MPs was partially removed in PDFBRs (below 48%). Microbial diversity increased along the extending of HRT and thus partially enhanced MPs removal. Batch experiments showed that changing HRT had no direct impact on the biodegradation rates of the selected MPs. Correlation analysis revealed that Dechloromonas, Terrimonas, and Phreatobacter were reasonable for simultaneous removal of MPs and nitrate. The abundance of nosZ gene had a rapid decrease under extreme HRT. This study provides insights into polishing nitrate and MPs from secondary effluent in a denitrifying biofilm system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Lei Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Li Qi
- Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Haitao Wen
- Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Jianqiang Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xinbo Zhang
- Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen F, Qian Y, Cheng H, Shen J, Qin Y, Li YY. Recent developments in anammox-based membrane bioreactors: A review. Sci Total Environ 2023; 857:159539. [PMID: 36265633 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The anammox-based process has been considered a promising biological nitrogen elimination method for the treatment of nitrogen-rich wastewater ever since its discovery 40 years ago. However, the slow growth rate of anammox bacteria and severe sludge washout result in a long startup period and limit its widespread industrial application. A membrane bioreactor (MBR) is considered an ideal reactor for the operation of the anammox-based process because the membranes allow for 100 % biomass retention. According to a systematic review of the literature, anammox-based MBR is becoming a research hotspot in the field of nitrogen wastewater treatment. The fundamental understanding of anammox-based MBR and its membrane fouling situation is essential for the development and application of anammox-based MBR. In this paper, the application of MBR in different kinds of anammox process are reviewed. The membrane fouling mechanism and strategies to control membrane fouling are also proposed. It is expected that this review will serve as an invaluable guide for future research and in the engineering applications of anammox-based MBR process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuqiang Chen
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yunzhi Qian
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Hui Cheng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Junhao Shen
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yu Qin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yu-You Li
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Miwa T, Takimoto Y, Mizuta Y, Hatamoto M, Watari T, Yamaguchi T. An increase in sludge loading rate induces gel fouling in membrane bioreactors treating real sewage. Chemosphere 2022; 309:136557. [PMID: 36185000 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to investigate the cause of gel fouling in membrane bioreactors (MBRs) treating real sewage in terms of soluble microbial products (SMPs) and microbial aspects. Two anoxic/oxic-MBRs were operated as the control reactor (S1) and the sludge loading rate increased reactor (S2). The reactors were operated under low-temperature around 11 °C conditions. Membrane permeability substantially decreased in S2, and gel layer biofilm was formed on membrane surface. In contrast, the permeability of S1 gradually decreased and cake layer formed. When gel fouling occurred, the protein and polysaccharide of SMP in S2 were 47 and 23 mg L-1, which were significantly lower than those recorded in S1 accounted for 118 and 68 mg L-1, respectively. Furthermore, the total organic carbon concentration of SMPs was 24 mg L-1, which was lower than the influent in S2, accounted for 62 mg L-1. Finally, Campylobacteraceae which exists in sewage and uncultured OD1, dominated the gel layer biofilm in S2, unlike the cake layer biofilm in S1. These results indicated that the gel layer biofilm might be composed of influent substances, demonstrating the importance of influent decomposition in MBR for gel fouling mitigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toru Miwa
- Department of Science of Technology Innovation, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, 940-2188, Japan
| | - Yuya Takimoto
- Department of Science of Technology Innovation, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, 940-2188, Japan; Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
| | - Yuki Mizuta
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, 940-2188, Japan
| | - Masashi Hatamoto
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, 940-2188, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Watari
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, 940-2188, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamaguchi
- Department of Science of Technology Innovation, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, 940-2188, Japan; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, 940-2188, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Luo Y, Liu C, Li C, Shan Y, Mehmood T. Transformation mechanism and fate of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) in a full-scale drinking water treatment. J Environ Sci (China) 2022; 121:122-135. [PMID: 35654503 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) has attracted much attention in drinking water treatment due to its potential to produce nitrogenous disinfection by-products (N-DBPs). This work was designed to explore the transformation and fate of DON and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) in drinking water treatment. The changes of DON and formation of N-DBPs were evaluated along the water treatment route (i.e., pre-ozonation and biological-contact oxidation, delivery pipes' transportation, coagulation-sedimentation, sand filtration, post-ozonation, biological activated carbon, ultrafiltration and disinfection) of drinking water treatment plant (DWTP). The transformation mechanism of DON was comprehensively investigated by molecular weight fractionation, three-dimensional fluorescence, LC-OCD (Liquid Chromatography-Organic Carbon Detection), total free amino acids. A detailed comparison was made between concentrations and variations of DON and DIN affected by seasons in the drinking water treatment. Regardless of seasonal variation in raw water concentration, the DON removal trends between different treatment processes remain constant in the present study. Compared to other treatment processes, pre-ozonation and coagulation-sedimentation exhibited the dominant DON removal in different seasons, i.e., 11.13%-14.45% and 14.98%-22.49%, respectively. Contrary, biological-contact oxidation and biological activated carbon negatively impacted the DON removal, in which DON increased by 1.76%-6.49% in biological activated carbon. This may be due to the release of soluble microbial products (SMPs) from bacterial metabolism, which was further validated by the rise of biopolymers in LC-OCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuye Luo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Congcong Li
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Yiwen Shan
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Tariq Mehmood
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Feng HJ, Chen L, Ying XB, Yu SS, Ding YC. The impact of powdered activated carbon types on membrane anti-fouling mechanism in membrane bioreactors. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022. [PMID: 36149455 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12186-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Dosing powdered activated carbon (PAC) has been proven to be an economical and effective method to mitigate membrane fouling. However, the effects of pretreated PAC with different redox properties on membrane fouling still need to be further investigated. Here, the impact of commercial PAC, oxidized-PAC, and reduced-PAC on membrane fouling was investigated in membrane bioreactors (MBRs). Surprisingly, the filtration cycles were extended from 12-36 h to 132-156 h only by dosing reduced-PAC and commercial PAC with a finial dosage of 3 g/L, which were provided with reductive properties. However, few improvements of filtration cycle (less than 50 h) were achieved by dosing oxidized-PAC in the same dosage, which had the same adsorption performance as reduced-PAC and commercial PAC. The biomass and foulant concentration suggested that the enhanced anti-fouling performances by PAC with reductive properties were mainly attributed to the reduction of extracellular polymer substances (EPS) and soluble microbial products (SMP) content in the bulk solutions after 14 days of continuous operation. The model foulant degradation tests and the confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) images of activated sludge further demonstrated that PAC with reductive properties directly affected the microbial activities by controlling the EPS and SMP concentrations in the bulk solution, thereby suppressing membrane fouling. Such a finding provides new insights into anti-fouling mechanisms that the redox properties of PAC played a decisive role in membrane fouling mitigation, and also provides a strategy to prolong the anti-fouling effects by restoring the reductive properties of PAC. KEY POINTS: • The anti-fouling mechanisms of PAC with reductive property were investigated. • Reductive property was the main reason for fouling control instead of adsorption. • PAC with reductive property hindered the sludge activity to produce fewer foulants.
Collapse
|
12
|
Hidayah EN, Cahyonugroho OH, Sulistyo EN, Karnaningroem N. Using molecular weight-based fluorescent detector to characterize dissolved effluent organic matter in oxidation ditch with algae. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:67418-67429. [PMID: 35994144 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22464-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Implementation of microalgae has been considered for enhancing effluent wastewater quality. However, it can cause environmental issues due to the release of extracellular and algal organic matter in the biological process. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of dissolved effluent as algae- and bacteria-derived organic matter during the oxidation ditch process. Furthermore, experiments were conducted under three combinations filled by Spirulina platensis, Chlorella vulgaris, and without microalgae. The results showed that dissolved effluent organic matter was more aromatic and hydrophobic than before treatment. Fluorescence spectroscopy identified two components-aromatic protein-like and soluble microbial product-like components-at excitation/emission of 230/345 nm and 320/345 nm after treatment, instead of fulvic acid-like at 230/420 nm and humic acid-like at 320/420 nm in raw wastewater. These components were fractionated based on the average of molecular weight cut-offs (MWCOs), and high (MWCOs > 50,000 Da), medium (MWCOs 50,000-1650 Da), and low molecular weights (MWCOs < 1650 Da) were reported. Biological oxidation ditch under symbiosis algal bacteria generated humic and fulvic acid with a higher MWCOs than the process without algal. The quality and quantity of dissolved effluent organic matter in an oxidation ditch reactor were significantly affected by algal-bacteria symbiotic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Euis Nurul Hidayah
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jawa Timur, Surabaya, Indonesia.
| | | | | | - Nieke Karnaningroem
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Qiu JL, Li DW, Jing SC, Qiu H, Liu FQ. Advanced technique of catalytic ozonation-enhanced coagulation for the efficient removal of low coagulability refractory organics from secondary effluent. Chemosphere 2022; 303:135157. [PMID: 35640692 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The novel cascaded catalytic ozonation-enhanced coagulation process (FeCeAC/O3-PAC) was developed with much success towards second effluent organic matter (EfOM) in chemical industrial wastewater. Compared with the conventional techniques, FeCeAC/O3-PAC exhibited remarkable performances in the advanced removal of EfOM. The characteristics of EfOM and interactivities of reaction process played the crucial roles. Especially, the removal rate constant of soluble microbial products (SMPs) with FeCeAC/O3-PAC exceeded 55.38% versus FeCeAC/O3. The outstanding synergistic effect was contributed to the enhanced generation of active oxygen species by FeCeAC and PAC, which increased the content of oxygen-containing functional groups of EfOM and thus facilitated the interaction between PAC and EfOM. As the result, the larger-sized flocs could be formed and separated easily. Herein, this work found a far more effective way to remove EfOM especially low-coagulability refractory organics (LCRO) in chemical sewage plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Li Qiu
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Da-Wei Li
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, PR China
| | - Shi-Chao Jing
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Huan Qiu
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Fu-Qiang Liu
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gao Z, Su J, Ali A, Wang X, Bai Y, Wang Y, Wang Z. Denitrification strategy of Pantoea sp. MFG10 coupled with microbial dissimilatory manganese reduction: Deciphering the physiological response based on extracellular secretion. Bioresour Technol 2022; 355:127278. [PMID: 35545210 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the manganese (Mn) reduction-coupled denitrification strategy of dissimilatory Mn reducing bacteria was insightfully investigated. Different parameters (MnO2 level, pH, and temperature) were optimized by kinetic fitting to improve denitrification and Mn reduction effects. The 300 mg L-1 MnO2 addition achieved 98.72% NO3--N removal in 12 h, which was 54.62% higher than blank group without MnO2. Scale-up studies showed that the metabolic activity of the bacteria was effectively enhanced by the addition of MnO2. Besides the deepening of humification in the system, tryptophan-like protein and polysaccharide as potential electron donor precursors revealed remarkable contributions to the extracellular secretion-dependent denitrification process of DMRB. The effect of EPS on Mn reduction depends mainly on the capture of MnO2 by the LB-EPS layer versus its dissolution in the TB-EPS layer. Ultimately, the EPS possess a dual effect of accelerated denitrification and Mn reduction efficiency due to the enhanced EET process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Gao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Junfeng Su
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Amjad Ali
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Xumian Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yihan Bai
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hasani Zadeh P, Serrano A, Collins G, Fermoso FG. Interrelating EPS, soluble microbial products and metal solubility in a methanogenic consortium stressed by nickel and cobalt. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2022; 238:113579. [PMID: 35551045 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The relationships between extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), soluble microbial product production, metal solubility, and methanogenic activity were investigated. The individual, and joint, toxic effects of nickel and cobalt on methanogenic consortia fed with glucose as model substrate were studied using biomethane potential assays. Cobalt was found to be less toxic to methanogens than nickel at each concentration tested, and the combined effects of Ni and Co on methane production in the bimetal experiment was higher than the sum of the effects of each metal alone. The protein content of EPS, and extracellular soluble protein fractions, decreased with increasing concentrations of total metals. Meanwhile, no significant change in response to metal stress was apparent for carbohydrate content of EPS or extracellular soluble carbohydrate. Decreasing protein content of EPS was accompanied by reduced methanogenic activity and an increase in the soluble metal fraction. The strong associations observed between these variables could be due to the critical role of EPS in protecting microbial cells against nickel and cobalt stress, possibly by capturing metal cations through their functional groups, thus reducing metal availability to the microbial cells in the methanogenic consortia underpinning the anaerobic digestion process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Hasani Zadeh
- Bioprocesses for the Circular Economy Group, Instituto de la Grasa, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Seville, Spain; Microbial Communities Laboratory, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Antonio Serrano
- Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain; Department of Microbiology, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Gavin Collins
- Microbial Communities Laboratory, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Fernando G Fermoso
- Bioprocesses for the Circular Economy Group, Instituto de la Grasa, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Seville, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Deng S, Wang Q, Cai Q, Ong SL, Hu J. Efficient bio-refractory industrial wastewater treatment with mitigated membrane fouling in a membrane bioreactor strengthened by the micro-scale ZVI@GAC galvanic-cells-initiated radical generation and coagulation processes. Water Res 2022; 209:117943. [PMID: 34923441 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Micro-scale ZVI@GAC-based iron-carbon galvanic-cells (ZVI@GACs) were prepared with the Ca-Si-H/Ca-H formation process and first applied to initiate radical generation and coagulation processes in MBR for treating bio-refractory industrial wastewater (IWW). Batch tests revealed the H2O2 production (0.19-0.28 mg/L) and •OH generation (p-CBA decay, k1 = 0.040 min-1) in ZVI@GACs-dosed system (packing volume of 5%) under aeration. Adoption of ZVI@GACs into aerobic activated sludge process (ZVI@GACs/AS) enhanced TOC degradation (k2) and phenolic compounds (PHENs) destruction (k3). ZVI@GACs/AS at ZVI@GACs packing volume of 5%, 10% and 20% improved k2 from 0.11 h-1 (bare AS) to 0.17, 0.21 and 23 h-1 and k3 from 0.24 h-1 to 0.36, 0.49 and 0.57 h-1, respectively. The oxygen uptake rate (OUR) and 15-min acute bio-toxicity demonstrated that the bio-toxicity of IWW was reduced and the activity of biomass was enhanced in the ZVI@GACs/AS system. In MBR, ZVI@GACs at packing volume of 10% enhanced COD and PHENs removal by 14% and 22%, respectively. Membrane fouling cycle was prolonged by 71%. The accumulations of EPS-proteins, EPS-polysaccharides, SMP-proteins and SMP-polysaccharides were reduced by 6%, 67%, 27% and 60%, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the oxidation of SMP-polysaccharides in ZVI@GACs-MBR. The iron ions released from ZVI@GACs showed inhibition on the secretion of SMP-/EPS-proteins. Floc particle size distribution (PSD) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum confirmed that the coagulation effects of Fe(OH)3 and FeOOH triggered by Fe3+ increased the sludge floc size and contributed to membrane fouling mitigation. Genus Enterococcus was enriched in MBR with the destruction of PHENs by the ZVI@GACs-initiated radical generation process. The findings of this study confirmed successful development and adoption of ZVI@GACs into MBR for bio-refractory IWW treatment. It also provided an in-depth understanding on the mechanisms of ZVI@GACs-MBR system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shihai Deng
- Sembcorp-NUS Corporate Laboratory, Sembcorp-NUS Corporate Laboratory c/o FoE, National University of Singapore, Block E1A, #04-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E1A, #07-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E1A, #07-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Qinqing Cai
- Sembcorp-NUS Corporate Laboratory, Sembcorp-NUS Corporate Laboratory c/o FoE, National University of Singapore, Block E1A, #04-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E1A, #07-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Say Leong Ong
- Sembcorp-NUS Corporate Laboratory, Sembcorp-NUS Corporate Laboratory c/o FoE, National University of Singapore, Block E1A, #04-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E1A, #07-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Jiangyong Hu
- Sembcorp-NUS Corporate Laboratory, Sembcorp-NUS Corporate Laboratory c/o FoE, National University of Singapore, Block E1A, #04-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E1A, #07-01, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li Z, Yang X, Chen H, Du M, Ok YS. Modeling nitrous oxide emissions in membrane bioreactors: Advancements, challenges and perspectives. Sci Total Environ 2022; 806:151394. [PMID: 34740645 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) have become a well-established wastewater treatment technology owing to their extraordinary efficiency and low space advantage over conventional activated sludge processes. Although the extended activated sludge models can predict the general trend of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in MBRs, the simulation results usually deviate from the actual values. This review critically evaluates the recent advances in the modeling of N2O emissions in MBRs, and proposes future directions for the development and improvement of models that better match the MBR characteristics. The quantitative impact of MBR characteristics on N2O emissions is identified as a key knowledge gap demanding urgent attention. Accurately clarification of the N2O emission pathways governed by MBR characteristics is essential to improve the reliability and practicability of existing models. This article lays a momentous foundation for the optimization of N2O models in MBRs, and proposes new demands for the next-generation model. The contents will assist academics and engineers in developing N2O production models for accurate prediction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Li
- College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hongbo Chen
- College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China.
| | - Mingyang Du
- College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI), Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lin Q, Zhang J, Yin L, Zuo W, Li L, Tian Y. Insight investigation of the on-site activated sludge reduction induced by metabolic uncoupler: Effects of 2,6-dichlorophenol on soluble microbial products, microbial activity, and environmental impact. Chemosphere 2022; 286:131575. [PMID: 34325264 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic uncoupling technology was one of the methods widely used to on-site control the production of excess sludge in wastewater treatment processes. However, the uncoupler effects on soluble microbial products (SMP), microbial activity, and environment impact have few been reported. This study showed that sludge yield was reduced by 33.3% at 2,6-dichlorophenol (2,6-DCP) concentrations of 10 mg/L. The addition of 2,6-DCP also reduced the content of polysaccharide and protein in SMP, and the three-dimension excitation emission matrix (3D-EEM) suggested that the fluorescence intensities of humic acid-like, fulvic acid-like, and tryptophan protein-like substances decreased, proving that 2,6-DCP addition will weaken the interaction between microorganisms and the environmental matrix. Moreover, 2,6-DCP addition will change the microbial morphology and community of activated sludge. The active or respiring bacteria portion was lessened, and sludge flocs become dispersed, but it will not affect its settling performance. Surprisingly, 2,6-DCP has certain biodegradability and could be used as an environmentally friendly metabolic uncoupler under low-concentration dosing conditions. This study systematically evaluated the effect of 2,6-DCP on sludge production, SMP contents, microbial morphology, microbial community, demonstrating the environmental impact and application feasibility in the wastewater treatment systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- QingYuan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Linlin Yin
- National Engineering Research Center of Urban Water Resources, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Wei Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Lipin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Yu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Han F, Li X, Zhang M, Liu Z, Han Y, Li Q, Zhou W. Solid-phase denitrification in high salinity and low-temperature wastewater treatment. Bioresour Technol 2021; 341:125801. [PMID: 34438282 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen removal from wastewater is often deteriorated under high salinity and low temperature. Solid-phase denitrification (SPD) might improve total nitrogen removal efficiency (TNRE) by stably supplying carbon resources under adverse conditions. In this study, an SPD biofilm reactor was successfully established by inoculating halophilic sludge and filling poly (butanediol succinate) (PBS) granules, and achieved over 96% TNRE at low temperature. More extracellular polysaccharides were produced at low temperature. Microbial network analysis evidenced dominant heterotrophic denitrifiers (Marinicella, Fusibacter, Saccharicrinis and Vitellibacter) at 25 °C were replaced by genera Melioribacter, Marinobacter, Desulfatitalea and Thiomicrospira at 15 °C. At low temperature, genes nirS and narG might be mainly responsible for denitrification. Fluorescence spectrum coupled with fluorescence regional integration and parallel factor analysis revealed low temperature increased the proportion of proteins of soluble microbial products. This study provides guidance for the practical application of SPD in the treatment of high salinity and low-temperature wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Shandong Academy for Environmental Planning, Jinan, Shandong 250002, China
| | - Mengru Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
| | - Yufei Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
| | - Weizhi Zhou
- School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Arshad Z, Maqbool T, Shin KH, Kim SH, Hur J. Using stable isotope probing and fluorescence spectroscopy to examine the roles of substrate and soluble microbial products in extracellular polymeric substance formation in activated sludge process. Sci Total Environ 2021; 788:147875. [PMID: 34134356 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we used stable isotope-labeled soluble microbial products (SMP) and substrates to explore their assimilation into the formation of new biological products (i.e., extracellular polymeric substances and biomass) in two adjacent sequencing batch reactors. The isotope labeling approach along with fluorescence spectroscopy allowed us to distinguish between refractory and labile portions of SMP constituents as well as their roles in the formation of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Comparison of SMP fluorescence and the specific UV absorbance values between the two reactors revealed the presence of humic-like aromatic substances in the non-consumable part of SMP, which can be ultimately released as effluent organic matter. Parallel factor analysis modeling of fluorescence spectra showed that the hydrolysis of EPS contents mostly resulted in humic-like components in SMP rather than protein-like components, which were initially abundant in EPS (>80%). From variations in carbon and nitrogen isotopic contents in EPS and biomass, it was found that carbon-containing substrates were enriched faster than their nitrogenous counterparts. The contributions to new EPS formation reached 87.5% for carbon and 60.5% for nitrogen. Meanwhile, the isotopic tracking of the labeled SMP revealed that only 11.0% and 11.9% of carbon and 13.3% and 11.6% of nitrogen from the influent SMP were finally assimilated into EPS and biomass, respectively. In contrast, the isotopic enrichment in SMP was higher (~50%) than that of EPS and biomass, indicating the low bioavailability and refractory nature of the feed SMP. This study proposed a promising approach for estimating the relative contributions of different forms of labile substrate and SMP to the formation of EPS in activated sludge processes. This approach could be suggested as a versatile method for establishing the kinetics, substrate element flow, mass balance on organic substrates and nutrients, as well as for tracking the consumption and uptake pathways of hazardous materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeshan Arshad
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - Tahir Maqbool
- Institute of Environmental Engineering & Nano-Technology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Kyung Hoon Shin
- Department of Environmental Marine Sciences, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi do 15588, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hee Kim
- Department of Environmental Marine Sciences, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi do 15588, South Korea
| | - Jin Hur
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhang S, Ali A, Su J, Huang T, Zheng Z, Wang Y, Li M. Lower C/N ratio induces prior utilization of soluble microbial products with more dramatic variability and higher biodegradability in denitrification by strain YSF15. Bioresour Technol 2021; 335:125281. [PMID: 34015568 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The emphasis of this study lies in how strain SYF15 regulates molecular weight (MW) fractions of soluble microbial products (SMPs) in response to low carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio, with high denitrification performance (over 99%). Results indicated SMPs with MW >100 and <50 kDa undoubtedly participated in denitrification before 12.0 h in C/N = 2.0, while sodium acetate was preferred in C/N = 5.0, indicating strain YSF15 was induced to degrade SMPs as a carbon source in low C/N. Additionally, lower C/N activated the extracellular metabolism, with increased fluorescence regional integration (FRI) volume amplitude by 48.08 and 53.43% (versus C/N = 5.0) in MW = 50-10 and 10-3 kDa, respectively. The FRI volume of proteins yielded greater with more degradable components than higher C/N in MW = 100-3 kDa, whereas polysaccharide and protein concentrations differed little with considerable biodegradability, implying components inside protein changed dramatically. This pioneering work contributed to the understanding of denitrification with carbon source deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Amjad Ali
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Junfeng Su
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Tinglin Huang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Zhijie Zheng
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Li NJ, Lan Q, Wu JH, Liu J, Zhang XH, Zhang F, Yu HQ. Soluble microbial products from the white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium as the bioflocculant for municipal wastewater treatment. Sci Total Environ 2021; 780:146662. [PMID: 34030296 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Soluble microbial products (SMP), a type of polymers released from microbial metabolism and decay, show great potential for wastewater treatment as bioflocculants; however, biogenic flocculant utilization is currently limited to bacterial SMP. In this study, SMP produced by Phanerochaete chrysosporium BKMF-1767 (SMP-P) was investigated to determine the application potential of fungal SMP. SMP-P exhibited high flocculation activity in kaolin suspension at a dosage range of 0.67-0.84 mg/L with Ca2+ assistance, comparable to that of commercial polyacrylamide. The high molecular weight polysaccharides (2.0 × 106-4.7 × 107 Da) in SMP-P, which enabled flocculation via the bridging mechanism and served as the dominant active constituent, were composed of glucose and arabinose at a molar ratio of 1: 0.03, with (1 → 4, 6)-linked glucose as the main backbone and a small proportion of branched structures. They contained hydroxyl and carboxyl, effective functional groups for the flocculation process, and displayed parallel self-orientation behavior in water. Efficient chemical oxygen demand removal was achieved during municipal wastewater treatment using SMP-P as the bioflocculant. This study demonstrates the feasibility of utilizing fugal SMP as bioflocculants and provides guidance for their practical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Jie Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Qi Lan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jing-Hang Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jie Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xue-Hong Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials (Anhui University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Han-Qing Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Han F, Zhang M, Liu Z, Shang H, Li Q, Zhou W. Dynamic characteristics of microbial community and soluble microbial products in partial nitrification biofilm system developed from marine sediments treating high salinity wastewater. J Environ Manage 2021; 290:112586. [PMID: 33865158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
High salinity wastewater generally resulted in microorganism death and low treatment efficiency of nutrient in conventional activity sludge system. Marine sediments, containing a huge amount of natural salt-tolerant microorganisms, provide a feasible option for the rapid construction of halophilic biological treatment system. However, the dynamic of native microorganisms and the fate of soluble microbial products (SMP) in halophilic biofilm system developed from marine sediments needs to be further studied. In this study, a partial nitrification system was successfully established by inoculation of marine sediments in sequential batch biofilm reactor. Satisfactory chemical oxygen demand (COD) and NH4+-N removal efficiency (95% and 99%) and nitrite accumulation rate (NAR) (>90%) was achieved for treatment of synthetic seawater blackwater. High cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) and proteins to polysaccharide ratio of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) were beneficial to the initial biofilm formation. High-throughput sequencing results revealed Nitrosomonas halophila was the sole ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB). Thauera and Paracoccus were the main denitrifying bacteria in three biofilm samples. Excitation emission matrix (EEM) spectroscopy coupled with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) clarified that proteins were significantly degraded than the other two components (humic-like and fulvic acid-like substance). This study will provide a feasible approach for developing halophilic biological treatment system and present an in-depth insight of the dynamic characteristics of SMP in partial nitrification biofilm system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China
| | - Mengru Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China
| | - Hongguo Shang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China
| | - Weizhi Zhou
- School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kim SY, Ćurko J, Gajdoš Kljusurić J, Matošić M, Crnek V, López-Vázquez CM, Garcia HA, Brdjanović D, Valinger D. Use of near-infrared spectroscopy on predicting wastewater constituents to facilitate the operation of a membrane bioreactor. Chemosphere 2021; 272:129899. [PMID: 35534969 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The use of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy in wastewater treatment has continuously expanded. As an alternative to conventional analytical methods for monitoring constituents in wastewater treatment processes, the use of NIR spectroscopy is considered to be cost-effective and less time-consuming. NIR spectroscopy does not distort the measured sample in any way as no prior treatment is required, making it a waste-free technique. On the negative side, one has to be very well versed with chemometric techniques to interpret the results. In this study, filtered and centrifuged wastewater and sludge samples from a lab-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) were analysed. Two analytical methods (conventional and NIR spectroscopy) were used to determine and compare major wastewater constituents. Particular attention was paid to soluble microbial products (SMPs) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) known to promote membrane fouling. The parameters measured by NIR spectroscopy were analysed and processed with partial least squares regression (PLSR) and artificial neural networks (ANN) models to assess whether the evaluated wastewater constituents can be monitored by NIR spectroscopy. Very good results were obtained with PLSR models, except for the determination of SMP, making the model qualitative rather than quantitative for their monitoring. ANN showed better performance in terms of correlation of NIR spectra with all measured parameters, resulting in correlation coefficients higher than 0.97 for training, testing, and validation in most cases. Based on the results of this research, the combination of NIR spectra and chemometric modelling offers advantages over conventional analytical methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Yeob Kim
- Department of Water Supply, Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Josip Ćurko
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Jasenka Gajdoš Kljusurić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marin Matošić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vlado Crnek
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Carlos M López-Vázquez
- Department of Water Supply, Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Hector A Garcia
- Department of Water Supply, Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Damir Brdjanović
- Department of Water Supply, Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Davor Valinger
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhou Y, Guo B, Mao J, Xia S. Key role of soluble microbial products in waste activated sludge reduction by synergetic combination of cocoamidopropyl betaine and alkalinity in the short-time aerobic digestion system. J Hazard Mater 2021; 408:124930. [PMID: 33387723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As a widely used ampholytic surfactant, cocoamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) has been improved to enhance waste activated sludge (WAS) reduction in the short-time aerobic digestion (STAD) system, but how system pH value affects the synergetic combined process has not been discussed. This research evaluated how alkalinity affects soluble microbial products (SMP) dynamics and WAS reduction in the synergetic system. After adding CAPB, the biodegradation rate constant of VSS (kVSS), TCOD (kTCOD) and CAPB (kCAPB) were much higher than that of without adding CAPB; pH value at 7.0-8.0 showed the maximum specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) of WAS, leading to the highest WAS reduction efficiency. Further study indicated that CAPB can significantly improve the release of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), leading to the increased SMP concentrations and low molecular weight fractions (MWF) proportions in SMP; more SMP with low MWF fraction led to the increased SOUR, thus further accelerate the WAS reduction; increasing pH could improve the foaminess and solubility of CAPB, thus further improve the organics release and SMP accumulation, which could be quickly removed in the system. This findings lay the foundation of the practical application of the synergetic combination system in WAS reduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Bing Guo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Surrey, Surrey GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Jian Mao
- City Investment and Operation Co., Ltd of China Construction Third Engineering Bureau, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Siqing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhao C, Wei D, Fan D, Meng S, Bian S, Zhang X, Du B, Wei Q. Coupling of nitrifying granular sludge into microbial fuel cell system for wastewater treatment: System performance, electricity production and microbial community shift. Bioresour Technol 2021; 326:124741. [PMID: 33494005 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A novel electrochemical system coupling of nitrifying granular sludge (NGS) into microbial fuel cell (MFC) system was conducted for simultaneous electricity production and wastewater treatment under sequencing batch mode. After 60 days operation, the contaminants of organic and NH4+-N removal efficiencies of the system were high of 95.43% and 98.55%, respectively. The maximum output voltage and power density of the MFC were average at 170 mV and 33.24 mW/m2, respectively. According to EEM-PARAFAC model, the soluble microbial products (SMP) released from anode and cathode chambers could be identified two fluorescence components. Additionally, the fluorescence score of protein-like substances changed more obvious than those of humic-like and fulvic acid-like substances. Geobacter and Nitrospiraceae were the dominant functional populations in the anode and cathode chambers, respectively. The result could provide a potential application technology based on NGS-MFC for simultaneously treatment of organic matter and ammonia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanfu Zhao
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Dong Wei
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China; CECEP Guozhen Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd, Hefei 230088, PR China.
| | - Dawei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Shuangyu Meng
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Shuyi Bian
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Xinwen Zhang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Bin Du
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Qin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yang X, Li D, Yu Z, Meng Y, Zheng X, Zhao S, Meng F. Biochemical characteristics and membrane fouling behaviors of soluble microbial products during the lifecycle of Escherichia coli. Water Res 2021; 192:116835. [PMID: 33486289 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.116835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The complexity of production process and chemical compositions of soluble microbial products (SMPs) largely limits the understanding of membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors (MBRs). Herein, we used a model single-strain Escherichia coli to better understand the chemical natures of SMPs and their roles in membrane fouling. The effects of carbon source and growth phase on the chemical compositions of SMPs were identified at both the compound and molecular levels by using advanced techniques including excitation emission matrix and parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC), size exclusion chromatography coupled with organic carbon detection (LC-OCD), and untargeted ultra-performance liquid chromatography - Q-Exactive - mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS). Subsequently, the roles of SMPs in the propensity of membrane fouling during ultrafiltration (UF) were studied. The results showed that the chemical compositions and fouling potentials of SMPs were carbon source- and growth phase-dependent. In the exponential phase, SMPs mainly consisted of utilization-associated products (UAPs) and remaining substrates. As the microorganism progressed into the stationary and senescent phases, UAPs and biomass-associated products (BAPs) were the main components, respectively. The SMP contents generated in glucose medium were higher than those generated in acetate medium, and higher abundances of humic fluorescent components were observed in glucose-fed SMPs. Van Krevelen diagrams of the UPLC-MS results revealed that acetate-fed SMPs contained more carboxylic-rich alicyclic molecules, peptides-like, aromatic, and carbohydrates-like components than glucose-fed SMPs in the stationary and senescent phases. These components played a significant role in irreversible membrane fouling, as evidenced in UF experiments. Standard blocking and cake filtration were the main fouling mechanisms for the filtration of SMPs collected in the exponential and stationary/senescent phases, respectively. Our findings highlight linkages between SMP compositions and membrane fouling at both the compound and molecular levels and suggest that both the carbon source and growth phase strongly determine the production potential, chemical nature, and fouling behavior of SMPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Danyi Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Zhong Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yabing Meng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Shaanxi, 710048, China
| | - Shanshan Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Fangang Meng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Soh YNA, Kunacheva C, Menon S, Webster RD, Stuckey DC. Comparison of soluble microbial product (SMP) production in full-scale anaerobic/aerobic industrial wastewater treatment and a laboratory based synthetic feed anaerobic membrane system. Sci Total Environ 2021; 754:142173. [PMID: 32920408 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on the characterisation of soluble microbial products (SMPs) produced from a full-scale multi-stage (anaerobic/aerobic) industrial wastewater treatment plant, and contrasted them to the SMPs detected in the effluent of a lab-scale AnMBR treating synthetic wastewater to determine if there were any common solutes detected irrespective of the feed organics. Recently developed analytical methods using gas chromatography coupled mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography coupled quadrupole-time-of-flight (LC-Q-ToF) for SMP characterisation in a wide molecular weight (MW) range of 30-2000 Da (Da) were applied. Samples collected from the Industrial Wastewater plant were the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) influent and effluent, and aerobic membrane bioreactor (MBR) effluent before discharge. The GC-MS detected a spike in cyclooctasulphur in the UASB effluent, an indicator of shock-loading, which disappeared after the MBR process. Alkanes, acids and nitrogenous compounds were found to be the end-products from the GC-MS results, while LC-Q-ToF analysis revealed that eicosanoids, a group of cell-signalling molecules, were produced in the aerobic MBR, and made up 71% of its effluent. A comparison of the submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (SAMBR) and aerobic MBR effluents using GC-MS showed that there was only a small degree of similarity between the SMPs, comprising mainly long chain alkanes and phthalate. On the other hand, LC-Q-ToF showed a large contrast in compound composition, mostly having cell-signalling functions, which deepened our understanding of the different metabolic processes occurring in aerobic and anaerobic systems. These data could be useful for future work in various areas such as controlling quorum-sensing and biofilm formation, process optimisation and control, and microbial ecology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ni Annie Soh
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141, Singapore; Interdisciplinary Graduate Programme, Graduate College, Nanyang Technological University, 61 Nanyang Drive, Academic Block North, ABN-01b-11, Singapore 637335, Singapore.
| | - Chinagarn Kunacheva
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141, Singapore
| | - Suren Menon
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141, Singapore
| | - Richard D Webster
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore.
| | - David C Stuckey
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141, Singapore; Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Li H, Xing Y, Cao T, Dong J, Liang S. Evaluation of the fouling potential of sludge in a membrane bioreactor integrated with microbial fuel cell. Chemosphere 2021; 262:128405. [PMID: 33182156 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on the fouling characteristics evaluation of the sludge in a membrane bioreactor integrated with microbial fuel cell (MFC-MBR) to reveal the mechanisms of membrane fouling mitigation. The filtration of soluble microbial products (SMPs) in MFC-MBR showed lower flux decline rate than those in the control system (C-MBR). Based on the extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek analysis, decreases in free energies of adhesion between the SMPs and clean membrane or SMP-fouled membrane were observed in MFC-MBR. When approaching the clean membrane or SMP-fouled membrane, the SMPs in MFC-MBR had to overcome a higher energy barrier compared to those in C-MBR, indicating the inhibition of adsorption of SMPs on the membrane surface in MFC-MBR. Additionally, sludge flocs in MFC-MBR exhibited lower hydrophobicity and were less negative surface charged in comparison to those in the C-MBR. In MFC-MBR, the sludge flocs approaching the clean membrane, SMP-fouled membrane and cake layer all experienced higher energy barriers and lower secondary energy minimums compared to those in C-MBR, exhibiting the lower potential of cake layer formation. These results confirmed that decreases of the fouling potentials of SMPs and sludge flocs were essential for the membrane fouling mitigation in the MFC-MBR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China; Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
| | - Yan Xing
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Tengliang Cao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Jiangxue Dong
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Shuxuan Liang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China; Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhang S, Su J, Zheng Z, Yang S. Denitrification strategies of strain YSF15 in response to carbon scarcity: Based on organic nitrogen, soluble microbial products and extracellular polymeric substances. Bioresour Technol 2020; 314:123733. [PMID: 32619805 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper aims to determine the denitrification strategies of strain YSF15 in carbon scarcity condition from novel view of organic nitrogen, soluble microbial products (SMP) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). The batch tests demonstrated that strain YSF15 could achieve complete denitrification at C/N of 3.0. The conversion ratio of nitrogen gas accounted for 89.03%, 85.29% and 82.95% among total nitrogen in C/N systems from 3.0 to 5.0, respectively, indicating denitrification instead of assimilation was the major contribution to nitrogen removal. C/N could affect composition and content of organic nitrogen, SMP and EPS. The biodegradability of EPS was better than SMP, whereas polysaccharide (PS) likely correlated with nitrogen removal, predating the protein (PN). These results implied high biodegradability of EPS and more electron donors for denitrification both improved denitrification capacity of strain YSF15, which revealed the potential contribution of bacterium with production of biodegradable SMP or EPS in biological treatment process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Junfeng Su
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Zhijie Zheng
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Shu Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Guo G, Tian F, Zhang L, Ding K, Yang F, Hu Z, Liu C, Sun Y, Wang S. Effect of salinity on removal performance in hydrolysis acidification reactors treating textile wastewater. Bioresour Technol 2020; 313:123652. [PMID: 32554152 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydrolysis acidification (HA) is a classical method for synthetic textile wastewater treatment. However, the salinity effect on the functional mechanism of the microorganisms carrying out HA has rarely been researched. In the present study, the salinity effect on the dye removal efficiency was investigated, and the soluble microbial products (SMP), extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), and microbial community were analyzed at different salinities. The dye and COD removal rates in the HA reactor decreased with increasing salinity. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) accumulated. The remarkable increases in SMP and EPS were found at high salinity, mainly because more polysaccharides were synthesized than protein. In addition, sequencing analysis showed that high salinity altered the microbial community structure, and Lactococcus, Raoultella and Enterococcus were the decolorizing bacteria at high salinity. This work will improve the understanding of the influence of salinity on the removal efficiency and microbial community during HA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang Guo
- College of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, China
| | - Fang Tian
- College of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- University of Science and Technology Beijing, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, 100083, China
| | - Keqiang Ding
- College of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, China
| | - Feng Yang
- College of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, China
| | - Zhixin Hu
- College of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, China
| | - Chong Liu
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yanmei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, ShaanXi 710069, China.
| | - Shiwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, ShaanXi 710069, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wu M, Chen Y, Lin H, Zhao L, Shen L, Li R, Xu Y, Hong H, He Y. Membrane fouling caused by biological foams in a submerged membrane bioreactor: Mechanism insights. Water Res 2020; 181:115932. [PMID: 32454321 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Though sludge foaming often occurs and thus causes serious membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors (MBRs), the fouling mechanisms related with the foaming phenomenon have not been well addressed, hindering better understanding and solving foaming problem. In this work, it was interestingly found that, the foulants during the foaming period possessed extremely high specific filtration resistance (SFR) (over 1016 m kg-1) and strong adhesion ability to membrane surface. Chemical characterization showed that the proteins (178.57 mg/L) and polysaccharides (209.21 mg/L) in the foaming sample were about 6.4 times and 5.4 times of those in the supernatant sample, suggesting existence of a mechanism permitting continuous production of these foulants in the MBR during the foaming period. It was revealed that the fouling caused by foams was associated with gel layer filtration process, and the extremely high SFR can be interpreted by chemical potential change in the gel filtration process depicted in Flory-Huggins theory. Meanwhile, analyses by the extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (XDLVO) theory showed that the strong adhesion ability stemmed from the high interaction energy between the foaming foulants and membrane surface. In addition, 16S rDNA gene sequencing identified that the abundance of the foaming related bacteria species in the sludge suspension during the foaming period was more than 10 times of that during the non-foaming period. This study offered new mechanism insights into foaming fouling in MBRs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengfei Wu
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Yifeng Chen
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Hongjun Lin
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China.
| | - Leihong Zhao
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Liguo Shen
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Renjie Li
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Yanchao Xu
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Huachang Hong
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Yiming He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Vandekerckhove TGL, Boon N, Vlaeminck SE. Pioneering on single-sludge nitrification/denitrification at 50 °C. Chemosphere 2020; 252:126527. [PMID: 32213375 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Thermophilic nitrification has been proven in lab-scale bioreactors at 50 °C. The challenge is now to develop a solution for thermophilic nitrogen removal, integrating nitrification with denitrification and aerobic carbon removal. This pioneering study aimed at a single-sludge nitrification/denitrification process at 50 °C, through exposing nitrification in a step by step approach to anoxia and/or organics. Firstly, recurrent anoxia was tolerated by a nitrifying community during long-term membrane bioreactor (MBR) operation (85 days), with high ammonium oxidation efficiencies (>98%). Secondly, five organic carbon sources did not affect thermophilic ammonium and nitrite oxidation rates in three-day aerobic batch flask incubations. Moving to long-term tests with sequencing batch reactors (SBR) and MBR (>250 days), good nitrification performance was obtained at increasing COD/Ninfluent ratios (0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 3). Thirdly, combining nitrification, recurrent anoxia and presence of organic carbon resulted in a nitrogen removal efficiency of 92-100%, with a COD/Nremoved of 4.8 ± 0.6 and a nitrogen removal rate of 50 ± 14 mg N g-1 VSS d-1. Overall, this is the first proof of principle thermophilic nitrifiers can cope with redox fluctuations (aerobic/anoxic) and the aerobic or anoxic presence of organic carbon, can functionally co-exist with heterotrophs and that single-sludge nitrification/denitrification can be achieved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tom G L Vandekerckhove
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Nico Boon
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Siegfried E Vlaeminck
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium; Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerpen, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Pang C, Ren X, Zhang X, Hu Z, Wang W. Influence of immersion depth of membrane on filtration performance of anaerobic membrane bioreactor. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:29433-29440. [PMID: 32436092 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09213-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Membrane fouling is still the main obstacle that hinders the development and implementation of anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR). In conventional upflow anaerobic reactors, sludge at different height usually presents certain differences in characteristics in terms of particle size, etc. The immersion depth of membrane modules in anaerobic reactors can also influence the fouling of membrane. Thus, it is of great interest to investigate the fouling mechanism with the membrane installed at different heights in reactors. The filtration performance and sludge properties were investigated at different heights of AnMBR. The fouling of membrane in the middle position was severer than that in the top and bottom positions. The total resistance of membrane in the top, middle, and bottom positions was 27.31 × 1011 m-1, 34.67 × 1011 m-1, and 25.29 × 1011 m-1, respectively. By comparing the characteristics and structure of bulk sludge and cake layer at three heights, the bulk sludge in the middle position presented higher content of soluble microbial products (SMP) and finer flocs, and the cake layer was also denser. The results obtained in this study indicated that small size of sludge flocs as well as adhesion of SMP might be the major factors governing membrane fouling at different height in the AnMBR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Pang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Rural Water Environment and Resources, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Xuesong Ren
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Rural Water Environment and Resources, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Xuedong Zhang
- Department of Water Management, Section Sanitary Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CN, Delft, The Netherlands
- Veolia Water Technologies Techno Center Netherlands B.V, Tanthofdreef 21, 2623 EW, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Zhenhu Hu
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Rural Water Environment and Resources, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Rural Water Environment and Resources, Hefei, 230009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Li M, Wei D, Yan L, Yang Q, Liu L, Xu W, Du B, Wang Q, Hou H. Aerobic biodegradation of p-nitrophenol in a nitrifying sludge bioreactor: System performance, sludge property and microbial community shift. J Environ Manage 2020; 265:110542. [PMID: 32275249 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The system performance, sludge property and microbial community shift were evaluated in a nitrifying sludge (NS) bioreactor for simultaneous treating p-Nitrophenol (PNP) and high ammonia wastewater. After long-term acclimation for 80 days, the removal efficiencies of PNP and NH4+-N reached to 99.9% and 99.5%, respectively. Meanwhile, the effluent PNP gradually decreased from 7.9 to 0.1 mg/L by acclimation of sludge. The particle size of NS increased from 115.2 μm to 226.3 μm accompanied by the decreased zeta potential as a self-protection strategy. The presence of PNP exposure altered the effluent soluble microbial products (SMP) fluorescent components and molecular composition. The increase in the relative abundance of Thauera, Nitrospiraceae and Nitrosomonas indicated the nitrification and denitrification capacities of NS increased, which maybe the PNP cometabolic biodegradation effect. Moreover, Ignavibacteria and Aeromonas were responsible as the dominant bacteria for degrading PNP in the nitrifying system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingrun Li
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Dong Wei
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China; Anhui Guozhen Environmental Protection Technology Joint Stock Co., Ltd, Hefei, 230088, PR China.
| | - Liangguo Yan
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Qingwei Yang
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Lulu Liu
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Weiying Xu
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Bin Du
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Geography and Environment, Collaborative Innovation Center of Human-Nature and Green Development in the Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China
| | - Hongxun Hou
- Anhui Guozhen Environmental Protection Technology Joint Stock Co., Ltd, Hefei, 230088, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Tang G, Zheng X, Li X, Liu T, Wang Y, Ma Y, Ji Y, Qiu X, Wan Y, Pan B. Variation of effluent organic matter (EfOM) during anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (A 2O) wastewater treatment processes. Water Res 2020; 178:115830. [PMID: 32335369 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Here, we studied seasonal variation of effluent organic matter (EfOM), based on molecular weight distribution and fluorescent components, during the traditional anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (A2O) wastewater treatment processes. Microbial community structure and effect of temperature on some isolated pure strains were analyzed to explain the related mechanism. Results showed that the anaerobic process played a key role in EfOM removal by removing building blocks, low molecular weight (LMW) neutrals, biopolymers, and protein-related substances (C4 and C5), thus determining the fate of EfOM during the A2O processes. On the other hand, humic substances, LMW neutrals, large molecular-sized hydrophobic humic-like compounds (C3), and aromatic proteins (C4) were generated during the anoxic process in summer and winter. Proteobacteria (Gamma-, Beta-, and Alpha-proteobacteria) and Bacteroidetes constituted over 50% of the sludge community. Temperature was found to be positively correlated with the generation of soluble microbial products (SMP) based on the performance of the mixture of isolated Herbaspirillum sp. (Beta-proteobacteria) and Pseudomonas sp. (Gamma-proteobacteria). Through comprehensive analysis of the co-action of Proteobacteria and temperature, we proposed the Synergetic Effect of Temperature and Proteobacteria as a possible mechanism of the seasonal variation of EfOM. These findings are important for understanding the fate of EfOM during the wastewater treatment processes and therefore be helpful for better EfOM control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China.
| | - Xiaolin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China
| | - Tong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Microbiology, Xi'an, 710043, China
| | - Yinliang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China
| | - Yetong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Xiaopeng Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China
| | - Yi Wan
- Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Microbiology, Xi'an, 710043, China
| | - Baozhu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Teng J, Shen L, Xu Y, Chen Y, Wu XL, He Y, Chen J, Lin H. Effects of molecular weight distribution of soluble microbial products (SMPs) on membrane fouling in a membrane bioreactor (MBR): Novel mechanistic insights. Chemosphere 2020; 248:126013. [PMID: 32004890 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
While molecular weight distribution (MWD) is one of the most important properties of soluble microbial products (SMPs), mechanisms underlying effects of MWD of SMPs on membrane fouling have not well unveiled. In this study, it was found that, the supernatant of sludge suspension in a membrane bioreactor (MBR) for wastewater treatment can be fractionated into a series of SMPs samples with different molecular weight (MW) fraction. The real gel sample mainly formed by the rejected SMPs on membrane surface had a high specific filtration resistance (SFR) of 1.21 × 1016 m-1 kg-1. The SFR of SMPs samples and the model foulants of polyethylene glycol (PEG) increased with their MW. The change trend of SFR with MW cannot be sufficiently explained by three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (EMM) and chemical compositions. Tyndall effect analysis indicated that gelating ability of SMPs and PEG in the solution increased with their MW. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) confirmed gel structure changes with the PEG MW. Accordingly, mechanisms based on Carman-Kozeny equation and Flory-Huggins lattice theory were proposed to interpret SFR of SMPs with low and high MW, respectively. Simulating these two mechanistic models on PEG samples resulted in the comparable SFR data to the experimental ones, indicating the correctness and feasibility of the proposed mechanisms. The proposed mechanisms provided in-depth understanding of membrane fouling regarding MW, facilitating to develop effective membrane fouling mitigation strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaheng Teng
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Liguo Shen
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Yanchao Xu
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Yifeng Chen
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Xi-Lin Wu
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Yiming He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Jianrong Chen
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China.
| | - Hongjun Lin
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Zhang X, Sun Y, Ma F, Li A, Yang J. Role of soluble microbial product as an intermediate electron station linking C/N and nitrogen removal performance in sequencing batch reactor. Environ Res 2020; 183:109248. [PMID: 32085997 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The C/N ratio in wastewater differs in place and time and affects the nitrogen removal performance of wastewater treatment. However, studies have focused only on the direct relationship between C/N and nitrogen removal efficiency but disregarded the significant role of soluble microbial products (SMPs) as an intermediate electron station. In this work, the contribution of SMPs to TN removal for treating wastewater with different C/N in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was investigated to extend relevance from C/N-TN removal to C/N-SMP-TN removal. TN removal efficiency was improved by increasing the influent C/N. The relative contribution of SMPs increased from 15% (C/N = 2) to 54% (C/N = 8), including 25.5% via utilization-associated product (UAP)-dependent denitrification and 28.5% via biomass-associated product (BAP)-dependent denitrification. The direct contribution of influent organic substrates dramatically decreased from 85.1% to 46%. In addition, providing an anoxic phase effectively enhanced BAP-dependent denitrification and achieved an increment of the SMP absolute contribution from 20.3% to 43% at C/N = 8 with 6.7 mg/L of TN additionally removed. This work clarified the significant contribution of SMPs to the nitrogen removal process, particularly in treating wastewater with high C/N. It also presented a new strategy for improving nitrogen removal performance via SMP reclamation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuening Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Yilu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Ang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
| | - Jixian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Gao N, Fan Y, Wang L, Long F, Deng D, Liu H. Accelerated tests for evaluating the air-cathode aging in microbial fuel cells. Bioresour Technol 2020; 297:122479. [PMID: 31813816 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Air-cathode stability is a key factor affecting the feasibility of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) in applications. However, there is no quick and effective method to evaluate the robustness and durability of the MFC air cathodes. In this study, a three-phase decrease of power density was observed in multiple MFCs that have been operated for about a year. Quantification of the contributions of cathode biofilm and salt accumulation to the current decrease suggested that the biofouling was the major contributor to the cathode aging during the first 200 days, and salt accumulation gradually outpaced biofouling afterward. An accelerated test method was then developed using fast-growing Escherichia coli, simulated soluble microbial products (SMPs), and a concentrated medium solution. Using this method, the cathode aging can be evaluated quickly within hours/days compared to over a year of operation, benefiting the development of high-performing and durable cathode materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ningshengjie Gao
- Department of Biological and Ecological Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331, USA
| | - Yanzhen Fan
- Waste2watergy LLC, 3830 NW Boxwood Dr, Corvallis 97330, USA
| | - Luguang Wang
- Department of Biological and Ecological Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331, USA
| | - Fei Long
- Department of Biological and Ecological Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331, USA
| | - Dezhong Deng
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331, USA
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Biological and Ecological Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Herath BS, Sathasivan A. The chloramine stress induces the production of chloramine decaying proteins by microbes in biomass (biofilm). Chemosphere 2020; 238:124526. [PMID: 31466002 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, for the first time, we show in chloraminated systems, the chloramine decaying proteins (CDP) play an important role in bulk water and biomass (biofilm) in resisting disinfectant. Extracellular polymeric substances in biofilm/biomass are known to protect microbes from disinfectants and toxic materials, but the exact mechanism(s) is/are not known. Starting with the seed from a nitrifying chloraminated reactor, two 5 L reactors were fed intermittently with either chloramine or ammonia containing nutrient solution. The degree of nitrification increased with time in both reactors despite an increase in soluble CDP in the chloraminated reactor, while soluble CDP decreased in the ammoniated one. The suspended biomass collected after eight months of operation from chloraminated reactor contained CDP and responded to short-term chloramine stress (1.5 h with initial 1.5 mg-Cl2·L-1) by the additional production of soluble CDP. The suspended biomass from ammoniated reactor neither contained CDP nor produced soluble CDP as a stress response. The production, release and accumulation of CDP in biomass (biofilm) could be one of several mechanisms microbes use to defend against disinfectants (stress). The new understanding will pave the way for better disinfection management and better design of experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhagya S Herath
- School of Computing Engineering and Mathematics, Western Sydney University, Kingswood, NSW, 2747, Australia
| | - Arumugam Sathasivan
- School of Computing Engineering and Mathematics, Western Sydney University, Kingswood, NSW, 2747, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zhang X, Sun Y, Ma F, Li A, Zhao HP, Wang A, Yang J. In-situ utilization of soluble microbial product (SMP) cooperated with enhancing SMP-dependent denitrification in aerobic-anoxic sequencing batch reactor. Sci Total Environ 2019; 693:133558. [PMID: 31362228 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Soluble microbial products (SMPs), as secondary pollutants, comprise a dominant percentage of residual COD in effluents from biological wastewater treatment processes. They can also be regarded as substitute electron sources if the in-situ utilization of SMPs could be achieved. In this study, the fate of SMPs in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) treating artificial municipal sewage was investigated. Based on the regular SBR operation mode, a 3 h extension of anoxic phase was provided to promote SMP degradation. Meanwhile, the denitrification efficiencies achieved by adopting SMPs and influent organic substrates (IOSs) were compared to reveal the significant contribution of the in-situ utilization of SMP for nitrogen removal. Approximately 21.1 mg N/L of total nitrogen (TN) was removed over a single cyclic reaction, in which only 13.2 mg N/L was removed via IOS-dependent denitrification. The remaining 7.9 mg N/L of TN was realized via SMP-dependent denitrification, including 3.9 mg N/L by utilization-associated products and 4.0 mg N/L by biomass-associated products, which significantly contributed 37.4% of TN removal. The aromatic proteins, tryptophan-like proteins, polysaccharides and fulvic acids contained in SMP were the potential precursors of electron donors to support SMP-dependent denitrification process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuening Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Yilu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Ang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China.
| | - He-Ping Zhao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Aijie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Jixian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ekstrand EM, Svensson BH, Šafarič L, Björn A. Viscosity dynamics and the production of extracellular polymeric substances and soluble microbial products during anaerobic digestion of pulp and paper mill wastewater sludges. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2019; 43:283-291. [PMID: 31602491 PMCID: PMC6960218 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02224-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The production processes of the pulp and paper industry often run in campaigns, leading to large variations in the composition of wastewaters and waste sludges. During anaerobic digestion (AD) of these wastes, the viscosity or the production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and soluble microbial products (SMP) may be affected, with the risk of foam formation, inefficient digester mixing or poor sludge dewaterability. The aim of this study was to investigate how viscosity and production of EPS and SMP during long-term AD of pulp and paper mill sludge is affected by changes in organic loading rate (OLR) and hydraulic retention time (HRT). Two mesophilic lab-scale continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) were operated for 800 days (R1 and R2), initially digesting only fibre sludge, then co-digesting fibre sludge and activated sludge. The HRT was lowered, followed by an increase in the OLR. Reactor fluids were sampled once a month for rheological characterization and analysis of EPS and SMP. The production of the protein fraction of SMP was positively correlated to the OLR, implicating reduced effluent qualities at high OLR. EPS formation correlated with the magnesium content, and during sulphate deficiency, the production of EPS and SMP increased. At high levels of EPS and SMP, there was an increase in viscosity of the anaerobic sludges, and dewatering efficiency was reduced. In addition, increased viscosity and/or the production of EPS and SMP were important factors in sludge bulking and foam formation in the CSTRs. Sludge bulking was avoided by more frequent stirring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria Ekstrand
- Department of Thematic Studies, Environmental Change, Linköping University, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Bo H Svensson
- Department of Thematic Studies, Environmental Change, Linköping University, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Luka Šafarič
- Department of Thematic Studies, Environmental Change, Linköping University, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Annika Björn
- Department of Thematic Studies, Environmental Change, Linköping University, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Maqbool T, Cho J, Hur J. Importance of nutrient availability for soluble microbial products formation during a famine period of activated sludge: Evidence from multiple analyses. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 84:112-121. [PMID: 31284902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Much remains unknown about compositional variations in soluble microbial products (SMP) with the shift of the substrate condition from a feast to a famine phase in biological treatment systems. This study demonstrated that the formation of SMP could be suppressed by up to 75% during the famine phase with the addition of essential nutrients. In contrast, presence of electron acceptor did not play any significant role during the stress condition, showing the similar amounts of SMP (r = 0.98, p < 0.05) formation between the bioreactors supplied with air and N2. The SMP formed in the famine phase was more bio-refractory in the famine versus the feast phase with a linear correlation shown between the production and their aromatic structures in the composition (R2 > 0.95). The fluorescence excitation-emission matrix coupled with parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC) revealed the presence of four different fluorescent components, including two protein-like (C1 and C4), fulvic-like (C2), and humic-like (C3) components, in the SMP and bEPS formed at different conditions. Both C1 and C4 showed increasing trends (R2 > 0.95) with the length of starvation in the bioreactors without essential nutrients. Nutrient availability was found to be a key factor to quench the production of large-sized biopolymers. This study provides a wealth of information on operation conditions of activated sludge treatment systems to minimize large sized SMP molecules (particularly proteins), which typically exert many environmental concerns to effluent organic matter quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Maqbool
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - Jinwoo Cho
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - Jin Hur
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wu M, Liang Y, Zhang Y, Xu H, Liu W. The effects of biodegradation on the characteristics and disinfection by-products formation of soluble microbial products chemical fractions. Environ Pollut 2019; 253:1047-1055. [PMID: 31434182 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.07.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Soluble microbial products (SMPs) discharged into rivers from sewage treatment plants may increase the health risk for downstream drinking water by acting as a precursor of DBPs. Biotransformation or biodegradation could alter the characteristics of SMPs and affect the subsequent formation of DBPs. This study observed the relative contribution of chemical fractions in SMPs and explored the biodegradation of each fraction and their effect on disinfection by-products (DBPs) formation in surface water. The hydrophilic acid (HPIA) and hydrophobic acid (HPOA) constituted the major portion of the SMPs, which were dominated by fulvic acid and humic acids. The transphilic acid (TPIA) and hydrophobic bases (HPOB) were relatively minor but it contained a relative substantial portion of protein-like materials in SMPs. TPIA and HPOB produced insignificant amounts of DBP corresponding to 13% and 14% in the original samples, but they were collectively responsible for 50% of the DBPs yield. Much larger amounts of hydrophobic fractions were utilized than hydrophilic fractions after biodegradation. The increase in SUVA values indicating aromatic structures, except for HPOA fraction, was observed after biodegradation. The protein-like materials in both the HPOA and HPIA fractions and polycarboxylate-type humic acid in the HPIA fraction decreased but the enrichment of HPOA (MW > 100 kDa) and TPIA (MW < 1 kDa) was observed after biodegradation. The production of = C-H in HPIA fraction and the appearance of double peak at 1100 cm-1 in TPIA and HPOB fractions occurred after biodegradation. In overall level, microorganisms effectively utilized DBP precursors from HPIA, HPOA and HPOB fractions but increased the DBPs precursors from the TPIA fraction. TPIA and HPOB fractions had higher DBP yield with chlorine but the DBPs yield of HPIA and HPOA changed little after biodegradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meirou Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Yongmei Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yuguang Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Haixing Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Liu Y, Wei D, Xu W, Feng R, Du B, Wei Q. Nitrogen removal in a combined aerobic granular sludge and solid-phase biological denitrification system: System evaluation and community structure. Bioresour Technol 2019; 288:121504. [PMID: 31128539 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the feasibility of treating high ammonia wastewater was evaluated in a combination of aerobic granular sludge nitrification reactor (AGS-SBR) and poly(butylene succinate) solid denitrification reactor (PBS-SBR). After 90 days operation, the effluent NH4+-N and total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiencies were high of 99.6% and 99.7%, respectively. According to typical cycle, N2O emission rate in AGS nitrification process was much higher than PBS denitrification process. It was found from EEM-PARAFAC that the fluorescence intensity scores (protein-like and humic like substances) of soluble microbial products (SMP) in AGS-SBR were the significant higher than in PBS-SBR. Microbial community analysis showed that Thauera was main genus in AGS-SBR and Hydrogenophaga Simplicispira and Thiomonas were dominant genus in PBS-SBR. The obtained result implied that the combined technology is feasible to remove nitrogen compounds from wastewater to meet the stringent emission standards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingrui Liu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Dong Wei
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China.
| | - Weiying Xu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Rui Feng
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Bin Du
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Qin Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Peng L, Ngo HH, Song S, Xu Y, Guo W, Liu Y, Wei W, Chen X, Wang D, Ni BJ. Heterotrophic denitrifiers growing on soluble microbial products contribute to nitrous oxide production in anammox biofilm: Model evaluation. J Environ Manage 2019; 242:309-314. [PMID: 31054395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.04.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a model framework was constructed to assess and predict nitrous oxide (N2O) production, substrate and microbe interactions in an anammox biofilm bioreactor. The anammox kinetics were extended by including kinetics of autotrophic soluble microbial products (SMP) formation, which consisted of utilization-associated products (UAP) and biomass-associated products (BAP). Heterotrophic bacteria growing on UAP, BAP and decay released substance (SS) were modelled to perform four-step sequential reductions from nitrate to dinitrogen gas. N2O was modelled as an intermidiate of heterotrophic denitrification via three pathways with UAP, BAP and SS as the electron donors. The developed model framework was evaluated using long-term operational data from an anammox biofilm reactor and satisfactorily reproduced effluent nitrogen and SMP as well as N2O emission factors under different operational conditions. The modeling results revealed that N2O was mainly produced with UAP as the electron donor while BAP and SS play minor roles. Heterotrophic denitrifiers growing on UAP would significantly contribute to N2O emission from anammox biofilm reactor even though heterotrophs only account for a relatively small fraction of active biomass in the anammox biofilm. Comprehensive simulations were conducted to investigate the effects of N loading rate and biofilm thickness, which indicated that maintaining a low N loading rate and a thick biofilm thickness were essential for high total nitrogen removal efficiency and low N2O emission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lai Peng
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Shaoxian Song
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Yifeng Xu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Wenshan Guo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Yiwen Liu
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Wei Wei
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Xueming Chen
- Process and Systems Engineering Center (PROSYS), Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Dongbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Wu M, Liu W, Liang Y. Probing size characteristics of disinfection by-products precursors during the bioavailability study of soluble microbial products using ultrafiltration fractionation. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 175:1-7. [PMID: 30878659 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.02.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Soluble microbial products (SMPs) discharged into surface water may increase the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in downstream drinking water treatment plants. In this study, ultrafiltration (UF) fractionation was used to separate SMPs into homogenous components. An aerobic microbial experiment was conducted to evaluate the bioavailability of individual molecular weight (MW) fractions of SMPs in surface water and the impact on their DBP formation, facilitating the interpretation of SMPs characterization and DBPs reactivity. For SMPs, organics with MW < 1 kDa were the primary fraction, containing the most abundant humic substances. The 30 kDa < MW < 100 kDa fraction was the lowest in SMPs but had the highest SUVA values. After biodegradation, the bioavailability of physical fractions increased with the increasing MW size. However, the SUVA value, except for MW < 1 kDa, increased in individual fraction after biodegradation. Low molecular weight SMPs fractions (MW<10 kDa) were major precursors for DBP in which trichloromethane (TCM) was the most abundant. The 10 kDa <MW < 100 kDa fractions were found to be more active in formation of chloral hydrate (CH), and MW> 100KDa had relative abundant dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN) formation. After biodegradation, TCM precursors with MW < 1 kDa were removed by approximately 20%, whereas the increase of TCM formation was observed in 1 kDa < MW < 100 kDa fraction. CH formation from 1 kDa < MW < 10 kDa increased considerably, but those from 10 kDa < MW < 30 kDa decreased after biodegradation, as a result of the biotransformation of large organic acids to small organic acids. In terms of DBP reactivity, the TCM yield for the MW < 1 kDa fraction had no significant change while the 30 kDa < MW < 100 kDa fraction exhibited the greatest increase (approximately 8 times) in TCM yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meirou Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yongmei Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Singh RP, Fu D, Yang J, Xiong J. Operational performance and biofoulants in a dynamic membrane bioreactor. Bioresour Technol 2019; 282:156-162. [PMID: 30856423 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a mathematical model was developed to have a better understanding of the process and be used in future reactor scale models to predict its process performance. This model utilizes the Activated Sludge Model NO.1 (ASM1) framework and incorporates bioprocesses of formation and degradation of soluble microbial products (SMP) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Simulation result shows the model could very well predict the bioreactor performance. The average error of COD, BOD and NH3-N removal efficiency was 0.48, 0.28 and 1.18%, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Prasad Singh
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China; SEU-Monash University Joint Research Centre for Future Cities, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Dafang Fu
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China; SEU-Monash University Joint Research Centre for Future Cities, Nanjing 210096, China.
| | - Jinhui Yang
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China; SEU-Monash University Joint Research Centre for Future Cities, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Jianglei Xiong
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Chen L, Hu Q, Zhang X, Chen Z, Wang Y, Liu S. Effects of salinity on the biological performance of anaerobic membrane bioreactor. J Environ Manage 2019; 238:263-273. [PMID: 30852403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The performance of anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) was evaluated treating synthetic wastewater with various concentrations of NaCl (0-40 g/L), as well as the recovery phase. The effluent COD removal efficiency decreased from 96.4% to 95.0%, 91.4%, 86.7% and 77.7% with stepwise increasing of salt concentration from 0 to 5, 10, 20 and 40 g NaCl/L, respectively, then gradually increased to 94.1% during the recovery phase. Additionally, the significant changes in the content and composition of soluble microbial products (SMP) and extracellular polymer substance (EPS) were obtained under higher salt stress. GC-MS analyses were carried out for the effluent, and some new types of compounds, such as Dodecane, Undecane, and Ethyl Acetate, were found during salt exposure phases. The characterization of the microbial community was also investigated based on the analysis of genomic 16S rDNA, revealing the increasing salinity (5-40 g NaCl/L) could reduce the diversity of sludge microbial community in AnMBR. Meanwhile, the significant effects on the composition of dominate phyla (Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Chloroflexi) were found during the salt exposure phase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Qinzheng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, 3000, Australia
| | - Zaiyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Du R, Cao S, Peng Y, Zhang H, Wang S. Combined Partial Denitrification (PD)-Anammox: A method for high nitrate wastewater treatment. Environ Int 2019; 126:707-716. [PMID: 30878866 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Elimination of nitrogen pollution from wastewater containing high-strength nitrate (NO3--N) is a significant issue to prevent deterioration of water quality and eutrophication of receiving water body. Traditional denitrification process faces several challenges including the huge organic carbon demand, intermediate products accumulation, and long acclimatization period. In this study, an efficient solution was given by a novel two-stage Partial Denitrification (PD)-Anammox process. High NO3--N (1000 mg N/L) wastewater and municipal sewage (COD: 182.5 mg/L, ammonia (NH4+-N): 58.3 mg/L) were simultaneously introduced to the PD reactor for NO3--N converting to NO2--N. The NH4+-N and NO2--N in effluent of PD were removed in subsequent anammox reactor. Results showed that a satisfactory nitrogen removal was achieved by optimizing the volume ratios of influent NO3--N and municipal sewage, as well as the external organic matter dosage. The NO3--N removal efficiency reached up to 95.8% without accommodation period, along with the NH4+-N removal achieving 92.8%. Anammox contributed to 78.9% of TN removal despite the high COD (76.5-98.6 mg/L) in PD effluent was introduced, indicating the significant stability of the integrated process. The microbial analysis suggested that the Candidatus Brocadia, identified as anammox bacteria, cooperated stable with denitrifying bacteria in 215-day operation. The PD-Anammox process offers an economically and technically attractive approach in the high NO3--N wastewater treatment since it has great advantages of much low carbon demand, minimal sludge production, enabling simultaneous treatment of municipal sewage, and avoiding the common issues in traditional denitrification process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Du
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering and Technology Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Shenbin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering and Technology Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Hanyu Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering and Technology Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Shuying Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering and Technology Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| |
Collapse
|