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Togawa N, Yamada R, Aoki Y, Suehiro S, Uchida N, Haseda A, Kagami-Katsuyama H, Honma N, Nishihira J. Improvement of skin condition and intestinal microbiota via Heyndrickxia coagulans SANK70258 intake: A placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group comparative study. Nutrition 2024; 126:112533. [PMID: 39127017 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Heyndrickxia coagulans SANK70258, a representative probiotic, is known for alleviating inflammation caused by cedar pollen, improving the intestinal environment and bowel movements. A previous study on consuming H. coagulans SANK70258 together with galactooligosaccharides showed a trend toward improvement in skin scaliness scores and subjective assessments of skin roughness. However, the effect of H. coagulans SANK70258 alone on the skin remains unclear. Thus, we aimed to re-evaluate the effects of the intake of H. coagulans SANK70258 alone on skin conditions and the intestinal environment through a clinical trial. METHODS This placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial involved 80 Japanese women aged 30 to 65 with perceived skin roughness. Participants were divided into placebo and test groups. Over eight weeks, the test group consumed H. coagulans SANK70258, and its effects on skin condition and intestinal health were examined. RESULTS The probiotic group showed significant intestinal improvements, with reduced fecal phenol levels (p = 0.044) and pH (p = 0.022), as well as enhanced skin lightness (L* value) (p = 0.040) and liver function tests. Metabolic analyses revealed decreases in fecal Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine and plasma hydroxyproline, suggesting skin health benefits. There were also significant improvements in skin scaliness (p = 0.015) and bowel movement frequency (p = 0.032) in subgroup analysis. CONCLUSIONS H. coagulans SANK70258 can improve skin health by improving the intestinal lining. This probiotic reduces the levels of intestinal putrefactive products and advanced glycation end-product levels in feces, suggesting that it may affect not only skin health but also systemic tissues such as the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Togawa
- Food & Healthcare Group, Wellness Technology Department, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, Yokohama-shi, Japan.
| | - Ryouichi Yamada
- Food & Healthcare Group, Wellness Technology Department, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, Yokohama-shi, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Akane Haseda
- Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroyo Kagami-Katsuyama
- Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Honma
- Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Jun Nishihira
- Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Hokkaido, Japan
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Ku S, Haque MA, Jang MJ, Ahn J, Choe D, Jeon JI, Park MS. The role of Bifidobacterium in longevity and the future of probiotics. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:2097-2110. [PMID: 39130652 PMCID: PMC11315853 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-024-01631-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This review explores the role and health impacts of probiotics, focusing specifically on Bifidobacterium spp. It highlights the functionalities that Bifidobacteria can provide, underscored by the historical evolution of definitions and technological advancements related to probiotics. By examining the association between Bifidobacteria and longevity, this review suggests new avenues for health enhancement. Highlighting case studies of centenarians, it presents examples related to human aging, illuminating the potential links to longevity through research on Bifidobacterium strains found in centenarians. This review not only emphasizes the importance of current research but also advocates for further investigation into the health benefits of Bifidobacteria, underlining the necessity for continuous study in the nutraceutical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seockmo Ku
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Md Ariful Haque
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Min Ji Jang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Jaehyun Ahn
- Department of Agricultural Leadership, Education and Communications, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Deokyeong Choe
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Korea
| | - Jong Ik Jeon
- Research Center, BIFIDO Co., Ltd, Hongcheon, 25117 South Korea
| | - Myeong Soo Park
- Research Center, BIFIDO Co., Ltd, Hongcheon, 25117 South Korea
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Argentini C, Lugli GA, Tarracchini C, Fontana F, Mancabelli L, Viappiani A, Anzalone R, Angelini L, Alessandri G, Bianchi MG, Taurino G, Bussolati O, Milani C, van Sinderen D, Turroni F, Ventura M. Ecology- and genome-based identification of the Bifidobacterium adolescentis prototype of the healthy human gut microbiota. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0201423. [PMID: 38294252 PMCID: PMC10880601 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02014-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacteria are among the first microbial colonizers of the human gut, being frequently associated with human health-promoting activities. In the current study, an in silico methodology based on an ecological and phylogenomic-driven approach allowed the selection of a Bifidobacterium adolescentis prototype strain, i.e., B. adolescentis PRL2023, which best represents the overall genetic content and functional features of the B. adolescentis taxon. Such features were confirmed by in vitro experiments aimed at evaluating the ability of this strain to survive in the gastrointestinal tract of the host and its ability to interact with human intestinal cells and other microbial gut commensals. In this context, co-cultivation of B. adolescentis PRL2023 and several gut commensals revealed various microbe-microbe interactions and indicated co-metabolism of particular plant-derived glycans, such as xylan.IMPORTANCEThe use of appropriate bacterial strains in experimental research becomes imperative in order to investigate bacterial behavior while mimicking the natural environment. In the current study, through in silico and in vitro methodologies, we were able to identify the most representative strain of the Bifidobacterium adolescentis species. The ability of this strain, B. adolescentis PRL2023, to cope with the environmental challenges imposed by the gastrointestinal tract, together with its ability to switch its carbohydrate metabolism to compete with other gut microorganisms, makes it an ideal choice as a B. adolescentis prototype and a member of the healthy microbiota of adults. This strain possesses a genetic blueprint appropriate for its exploitation as a candidate for next-generation probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Argentini
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Gabriele Andrea Lugli
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Chiara Tarracchini
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Federico Fontana
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- GenProbio srl, Parma, Italy
| | - Leonardo Mancabelli
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Giulia Alessandri
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Massimiliano G. Bianchi
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Laboratory of General Pathology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Taurino
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Laboratory of General Pathology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Ovidio Bussolati
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Laboratory of General Pathology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Christian Milani
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Douwe van Sinderen
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, Bioscience Institute, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - Francesca Turroni
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Ventura
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Atasoy M, Álvarez Ordóñez A, Cenian A, Djukić-Vuković A, Lund PA, Ozogul F, Trček J, Ziv C, De Biase D. Exploitation of microbial activities at low pH to enhance planetary health. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2024; 48:fuad062. [PMID: 37985709 PMCID: PMC10963064 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuad062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Awareness is growing that human health cannot be considered in isolation but is inextricably woven with the health of the environment in which we live. It is, however, under-recognized that the sustainability of human activities strongly relies on preserving the equilibrium of the microbial communities living in/on/around us. Microbial metabolic activities are instrumental for production, functionalization, processing, and preservation of food. For circular economy, microbial metabolism would be exploited to produce building blocks for the chemical industry, to achieve effective crop protection, agri-food waste revalorization, or biofuel production, as well as in bioremediation and bioaugmentation of contaminated areas. Low pH is undoubtedly a key physical-chemical parameter that needs to be considered for exploiting the powerful microbial metabolic arsenal. Deviation from optimal pH conditions has profound effects on shaping the microbial communities responsible for carrying out essential processes. Furthermore, novel strategies to combat contaminations and infections by pathogens rely on microbial-derived acidic molecules that suppress/inhibit their growth. Herein, we present the state-of-the-art of the knowledge on the impact of acidic pH in many applied areas and how this knowledge can guide us to use the immense arsenal of microbial metabolic activities for their more impactful exploitation in a Planetary Health perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Atasoy
- UNLOCK, Wageningen University & Research and Technical University Delft, Droevendaalsesteeg 4, 6708 PB,Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Avelino Álvarez Ordóñez
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology and Institute of Food Science and Technology, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Adam Cenian
- Institute of Fluid Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Physical Aspects of Ecoenergy, 14 Fiszera St., 80-231 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Djukić-Vuković
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Peter A Lund
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection,School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Fatih Ozogul
- Department of Seafood Processing and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Cukurova University, Balcali, 01330, Adana, Turkey
- Biotechnology Research and Application Center, Cukurova University, Balcali, 01330 Adana, Turkey
| | - Janja Trček
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Koroška cesta 160, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Carmit Ziv
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization – Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Road , P.O.B 15159 Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Daniela De Biase
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100 Latina, Italy
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Fernandez L, Rosvall M, Normark J, Fällman M, Avican K. Co-PATHOgenex web application for assessing complex stress responses in pathogenic bacteria. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0278123. [PMID: 38019016 PMCID: PMC10783046 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02781-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Unveiling gene co-expression networks in bacterial pathogens has the potential for gaining insights into their adaptive strategies within the host environment. Here, we developed Co-PATHOgenex, an interactive and user-friendly web application that enables users to construct networks from gene co-expressions using custom-defined thresholds (https://avicanlab.shinyapps.io/copathogenex/). The incorporated search functions and visualizations within the tool simplify the usage and facilitate the interpretation of the analysis output. Co-PATHOgenex also includes stress stimulons for various bacterial species, which can help identify gene products not previously associated with a particular stress condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyden Fernandez
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Biology, Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Physics, Integrated Science Lab (Icelab), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Martin Rosvall
- Department of Physics, Integrated Science Lab (Icelab), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Johan Normark
- Department of Molecular Biology, Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Maria Fällman
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Biology, Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Physics, Integrated Science Lab (Icelab), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kemal Avican
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Physics, Integrated Science Lab (Icelab), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Djorgbenoo R, Hu J, Hu C, Sang S. Fermented Oats as a Novel Functional Food. Nutrients 2023; 15:3521. [PMID: 37630712 PMCID: PMC10459665 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Fermented oats are gaining popularity due to their nutritional value and the increasing consumer demand for health-conscious foods. These oats are believed to offer enhanced phytochemical and nutritional profiles compared to unfermented oats. The increased nutritional content of fermented oats is associated with various health benefits, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, which could potentially reduce the risk of chronic diseases. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the nutritional benefits of fermented oats in human nutrition. This mini review provides a comprehensive overview of fermented oat products available on the market and the various production methods employed for fermenting oats. Furthermore, this review investigates how fermentation affects the chemical composition and biological functions of oats. Additionally, this manuscript presents some future perspectives on fermented oat products by discussing potential research directions and opportunities for further development. The findings presented in this review contribute to the expanding body of knowledge on fermented oats as a promising functional food, paving the way for future studies and applications in the field of nutrition and health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shengmin Sang
- Laboratory for Functional Foods and Human Health, Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Research Campus, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; (R.D.); (J.H.); (C.H.)
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7
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Bisson G, Maifreni M, Innocente N, Marino M. Application of pre-adaptation strategies to improve the growth of probiotic lactobacilli under food-relevant stressful conditions. Food Funct 2023; 14:2128-2137. [PMID: 36745384 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03215e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
While formulating a probiotic food, it is mandatory to make sure that the viability of probiotics is adequate at the point of consumption, which can be strongly compromised by stressful conditions due to low pH and high osmolarity. In this study, three probiotic lactobacilli were subjected to different pre-adaptation conditions, and the turbidimetric growth kinetics in challenging conditions (pH 4.0-6.5, NaCl 1-7%, sucrose 0.1-0.7 M) were evaluated. Different effects were observed for Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lacticaseibacillus casei, and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. Indeed, pre-exposition to sub-optimal conditions in terms of pH and % NaCl significantly improved the ability of L. acidophilus and L. casei to overcome the osmotic stress due to salt or sucrose, and similar effects were observed for acidic stress. L. plantarum showed to be more tolerant to the challenging conditions applied in this study. Anyway, the pre-adaptation at conditions SUB_1 (pH 4.5 and NaCl 4%) and SUB_2 (pH 5 and NaCl 2%) speeded-up its growth kinetics by reducing the length of the lag phase under sucrose stress and enhancing the maximum growth rate at the highest pH tested. Moreover, an improvement in biomass amount was observed under sucrose stress. The whole data evidenced that the application of the appropriate pre-adaptation condition could contribute to making probiotics more robust towards challenging conditions due to food matrix, processing, and storage as well as gastrointestinal transit. Further studies will be necessary to gain insight into the proteomics and metabolomics responsible for increased tolerance to stressful conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bisson
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Animal and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Michela Maifreni
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Animal and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Nadia Innocente
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Animal and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Marilena Marino
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Animal and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
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Selenium stress response of the fruit origin strain Fructobacillus tropaeoli CRL 2034. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:1329-1339. [PMID: 36680586 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12379-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The fruit-origin strain Fructobacillus tropaeoli CRL 2034 can biotransform selenium into seleno-nanoparticles and selenocysteine. The proteomic analysis of F. tropaeoli CRL 2034 exposed to 5 and 100 ppm of Se showed a dose-dependent response since 19 and 77 proteins were deregulated, respectively. In the presence of 5 ppm of Se, the deregulated proteins mainly belonged to the categories of energy production and conversion or had unknown functions, while when cells were grown with 100 ppm of Se, most of the proteins were grouped into amino acid transport and metabolism, nucleotide transport and metabolism, or into unknown functions. However, under both Se conditions, glutathione reductases were overexpressed (1.8-3.1-fold), while mannitol 2-dehydrogenase was downregulated (0.54-0.19-fold), both enzymes related to oxidative stress functions. Mannitol 2-dehydrogenase was the only enzyme found that contained SeCys, and its activity was 1.27-fold increased after 5 ppm of Se exposure. Our results suggest that F. tropaeoli CRL 2034 counteracts Se stress by overexpressing proteins related to oxidative stress resistance and changing the membrane hydrophobicity, which may improve its survival under (food) storage and positively influence its adhesion to intestinal cells. Selenized cells of F. tropaeoli CRL 2034 could be used for producing Se-enriched fermented foods. KEY POINTS: • Selenized cells of F. tropaeoli showed enhanced resistance to oxidative stress. • SeCys was found in the Fructobacillus mannitol 2-dehydrogenase polypeptide chain. • F. tropaeoli mannitol 2-dehydrogenase activity was highest when exposed to selenium.
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Complete Genome Sequencing Revealed the Potential Application of a Novel Weizmannia coagulans PL-W Production with Promising Bacteriocins in Food Preservative. Foods 2023; 12:foods12010216. [PMID: 36613432 PMCID: PMC9818457 DOI: 10.3390/foods12010216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Weizmannia coagulans is an important potential probiotic with dual characteristics of Bacillus and Lactobacillus. This study describes a novel Weizmannia coagulans PL-W with excellent antibacterial activity isolated from Mongolian traditional cheese, in which safety and probiotic potential were evaluated by complete genome sequencing. The crude bacteriocins of W. coagulans PL-W showed antibacterial activity against various foodborne pathogens, including Listeria monocytogenes CMCC 54,004, Bacillus cereus ATCC 14,579, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25,923. Moreover, the crude bacteriocins have outstanding stability against pH, temperature, surfactants, and are sensitive to protease. The complete genome sequencing revealed W. coagulans PL-W consists of 3,666,052-base pair (bp) circular chromosomes with a GC content of 46.24% and 3485 protein-coding genes. It contains 84 tRNA, 10 23S rRNA, 10 16S rRNA, and 10 5S rRNA. In addition, no risk-related genes such as acquired antibiotic resistance genes, virulence, and pathogenic factors were identified, demonstrating that W. coagulans PL-W is safe to use. Furthermore, the presence of gene clusters involved in bacteriocin synthesis, adhesion-related genes, and genes contributing to acid and bile tolerance indicate that W. coagulans PL-W is a potential candidate probiotic. Thus, antimicrobial activity and genome characterization of W. coagulans PL-W demonstrate that it has extensive potential applications as a food protective culture.
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Abstract
Bifidobacteria naturally inhabit diverse environments, including the gastrointestinal tracts of humans and animals. Members of the genus are of considerable scientific interest due to their beneficial effects on health and, hence, their potential to be used as probiotics. By definition, probiotic cells need to be viable despite being exposed to several stressors in the course of their production, storage, and administration. Examples of common stressors encountered by probiotic bifidobacteria include oxygen, acid, and bile salts. As bifidobacteria are highly heterogenous in terms of their tolerance to these stressors, poor stability and/or robustness can hamper the industrial-scale production and commercialization of many strains. Therefore, interest in the stress physiology of bifidobacteria has intensified in recent decades, and many studies have been established to obtain insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying their stability and robustness. By complementing traditional methodologies, omics technologies have opened new avenues for enhancing the understanding of the defense mechanisms of bifidobacteria against stress. In this review, we summarize and evaluate the current knowledge on the multilayered responses of bifidobacteria to stressors, including the most recent insights and hypotheses. We address the prevailing stressors that may affect the cell viability during production and use as probiotics. Besides phenotypic effects, molecular mechanisms that have been found to underlie the stress response are described. We further discuss strategies that can be applied to improve the stability of probiotic bifidobacteria and highlight knowledge gaps that should be addressed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Schöpping
- Systems Biology, Discovery, Chr. Hansen A/S, Hørsholm, Denmark
- Division of Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ahmad A. Zeidan
- Systems Biology, Discovery, Chr. Hansen A/S, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Carl Johan Franzén
- Division of Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Liu N, Yang C, Liang X, Cao K, Xie J, Luo Q, Luo H. Mesoporous silica nanoparticle-encapsulated Bifidobacterium attenuates brain Aβ burden and improves olfactory dysfunction of APP/PS1 mice by nasal delivery. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:439. [PMID: 36207740 PMCID: PMC9547428 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01642-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysbiosis or imbalance of gut microbiota in Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), whereas exogenous SCFAs supplementation exacerbates brain Aβ burden in APP/PS1 mice. Bifidobacterium is the main producer of SCFAs in the gut flora, but oral administration of Bifidobacterium is ineffective due to strong acids and bile salts in the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, regulating the levels of SCFAs in the gut is of great significance for AD treatment. METHODS We investigated the feasibility of intranasal delivery of MSNs-Bifidobacterium (MSNs-Bi) to the gut and their effect on behavior and brain pathology in APP/PS1 mice. RESULTS Mesoporous silica nanospheres (MSNs) were efficiently immobilized on the surface of Bifidobacterium. After intranasal administration, fluorescence imaging of MSNs-Bi in the abdominal cavity and gastrointestinal tract revealed that intranasally delivered MSNs-Bi could be transported through the brain to the peripheral intestine. Intranasal administration of MSNs-Bi not only inhibited intestinal inflammation and reduced brain Aβ burden but also improved olfactory sensitivity in APP/PS1 mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that restoring the balance of the gut microbiome contributes to ameliorating cognitive impairment in AD, and that intranasal administration of MSNs-Bi may be an effective therapeutic strategy for the prevention of AD and intestinal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Liu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Changwen Yang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohan Liang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Cao
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingming Luo
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, China
| | - Haiming Luo
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Comparison Between Different Delivery Vehicles for the Probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 on Experimental Periodontitis in Rats. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2022; 14:313-325. [PMID: 35260963 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-09930-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the effects of the probiotic (PROB) Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 in two different delivery vehicles in experimental periodontitis (EP), including the gene expression for IL-10, IFN-γ, and FOXP3. In total, 32 rats were assigned into groups (n=8): C (control), EP, EP-PROB/Water, and EP-PROB/Milk. The probiotic was administered for 4 weeks, from baseline to euthanasia. Periodontitis was induced by ligatures 14 days after baseline. Data were statistically analyzed (p<0.05). Both probiotic groups presented decreased alveolar bone loss and increased interproximal attachment level than group EP. Also, these parameters were significantly improved in the Milk group when compared with the Water group. EP-PROB/Milk showed higher gene expression for IL-10 and lower for FOXP3 in relation to EP-PROB/Water and EP groups. The use of milk was able to potentiate the protective effects of B. lactis HN019 in rats under EP.
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Ayrıç Danışman F, Taştan Ö, Baysal T. Development of intermediate‐moisture apricot with impregnation of
Bacillus coagulans
GBI‐30 6086 as a functional snack: Quality assessment during storage. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fahriye Ayrıç Danışman
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Food Engineering Section Ege University İzmir Turkey
| | - Özge Taştan
- Faculty of Engineering Department of Food Engineering Yeditepe University İstanbul Turkey
| | - Taner Baysal
- Faculty of Engineering Department of Food Engineering Ege University İzmir Turkey
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Chen J, Chen X, Ho CL. Recent Development of Probiotic Bifidobacteria for Treating Human Diseases. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:770248. [PMID: 35004640 PMCID: PMC8727868 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.770248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacterium is a non-spore-forming, Gram-positive, anaerobic probiotic actinobacterium and commonly found in the gut of infants and the uterine region of pregnant mothers. Like all probiotics, Bifidobacteria confer health benefits on the host when administered in adequate amounts, showing multifaceted probiotic effects. Examples include B. bifidum, B. breve, and B. longum, common Bifidobacterium strains employed to prevent and treat gastrointestinal disorders, including intestinal infections and cancers. Herein, we review the latest development in probiotic Bifidobacteria research, including studies on the therapeutic impact of Bifidobacterial species on human health and recent efforts in engineering Bifidobacterium. This review article would provide readers with a wholesome understanding of Bifidobacteria and its potentials to improve human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinyi Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China
| | - Chun Loong Ho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China
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Singh RP, Shadan A, Ma Y. Biotechnological Applications of Probiotics: A Multifarious Weapon to Disease and Metabolic Abnormality. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2022; 14:1184-1210. [PMID: 36121610 PMCID: PMC9483357 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-09992-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Consumption of live microorganisms "Probiotics" for health benefits and well-being is increasing worldwide. Their use as a therapeutic approach to confer health benefits has fascinated humans for centuries; however, its conceptuality gradually evolved with methodological advancement, thereby improving our understanding of probiotics-host interaction. However, the emerging concern regarding safety aspects of live microbial is enhancing the interest in non-viable or microbial cell extracts, as they could reduce the risks of microbial translocation and infection. Due to technical limitations in the production and formulation of traditionally used probiotics, the scientific community has been focusing on discovering new microbes to be used as probiotics. In many scientific studies, probiotics have been shown as potential tools to treat metabolic disorders such as obesity, type-2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, digestive disorders (e.g., acute and antibiotic-associated diarrhea), and allergic disorders (e.g., eczema) in infants. However, the mechanistic insight of strain-specific probiotic action is still unknown. In the present review, we analyzed the scientific state-of-the-art regarding the mechanisms of probiotic action, its physiological and immuno-modulation on the host, and new direction regarding the development of next-generation probiotics. We discuss the use of recently discovered genetic tools and their applications for engineering the probiotic bacteria for various applications including food, biomedical applications, and other health benefits. Finally, the review addresses the future development of biological techniques in combination with clinical and preclinical studies to explain the molecular mechanism of action, and discover an ideal multifunctional probiotic bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajnish Prakash Singh
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand India
| | - Afreen Shadan
- Dr. Shyama Prasad Mukherjee University, Ranchi, Jharkhand India
| | - Ying Ma
- College of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Papoutsis D, da Rocha SDC, Herfindal AM, Bøhn SK, Carlsen H. A High-Fat Western Diet Attenuates Intestinal Changes in Mice with DSS-Induced Low-Grade Inflammation. J Nutr 2021; 152:758-769. [PMID: 34865102 PMCID: PMC8891187 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A Western diet (WD) is associated with increased inflammation in the large intestine, which is often ascribed to the high dietary fat content. Intestinal inflammation in rodents can be induced by oral administration of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). However, most studies investigating effects of WD and DSS have not used appropriate low-fat diets (LFDs) as control. OBJECTIVES To compare the effects of a WD with those of an LFD on colon health in a DSS-induced low-grade colonic inflammation mouse model. METHODS Six-week-old male C57BL/6JRj mice were fed an LFD (fat = 10.3% energy, n = 24) or a WD (fat = 41.2% energy, n = 24) for 15 wk [Experiment 1 (Exp.1)]. Half the mice on each diet (n = 12) then received 1% DSS in water for 6 d with the remainder (n = 12 in each diet) administered water. Disease activity, proinflammatory genes, inflammatory biomarkers, and fecal microbiota (16S rRNA) were assessed (Exp.1). Follow-up experiments (Exp.2 and Exp.3) were performed to investigate whether fat source (milk or lard; Exp.2) affected outcomes and whether a shift from LFD to WD 1 d prior to 1% DSS exposure caused an immediate effect on DSS-induced inflammation (Exp.3). RESULTS In Exp.1, 1% DSS treatment significantly increased disease score in the LFD group compared with the WD group (2.7 compared with 0.8; P < 0.001). Higher concentrations of fecal lipocalin (11-fold; P < 0.001), proinflammatory gene expression (≤82-fold), and Proteobacteria were observed in LFD-fed mice compared with the WD group. The 2 fat sources in WDs (Exp.2) revealed the same low inflammation in WD+DSS mice compared with LFD+DSS mice. Finally, the switch from LFD to WD just before DSS exposure resulted in reduced colonic inflammation (Exp.3). CONCLUSIONS Herein, WDs (with milk or lard) protected mice against DSS-induced colonic inflammation compared with LFD-fed mice. Whether fat intake induces protective mechanisms against DSS-mediated inflammation or inhibits establishment of the DSS-induced colitis model is unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Papoutsis
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | | | - Anne Mari Herfindal
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Siv Kjølsrud Bøhn
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
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Diale MO, Kayitesi E, Serepa-Dlamini MH. Genome In Silico and In Vitro Analysis of the Probiotic Properties of a Bacterial Endophyte, Bacillus Paranthracis Strain MHSD3. Front Genet 2021; 12:672149. [PMID: 34858466 PMCID: PMC8631869 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.672149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Spore-forming Bacillus species are gaining interest in human health recently, due to their ability to withstand the harsh environment of the gastrointestinal tract. The present study explores probiotic features of Bacillus paranthracis strain MHSD3 through genomic analysis and in vitro probiotic assays. The draft genome of strain MHSD3 contained genes associated with tolerance to gastrointestinal stress and adhesion. Cluster genes responsible for the synthesis of antimicrobial non-ribosomal peptide synthetases, bacteriocins, and linear azole-containing peptides were identified. Additionally, strain MHSD3 was able to survive in an acidic environment, had the tolerance to bile salt, and exhibited the capability to tolerate gastric juices. Moreover, the isolate was found to possess strong cell surface traits such as high auto-aggregation and hydrophobicity indices of 79 and 54%, respectively. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis showed that the strain produced secondary metabolites such as amino acids, phenolic compounds, and organic acid, known to exert health-promoting properties, including the improvement of gastrointestinal tract health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamonokane Olga Diale
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Eugenie Kayitesi
- Department of Consumer and Food Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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18
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Bisson G, Marino M, Poletti D, Innocente N, Maifreni M. Turbidimetric definition of growth limits in probiotic Lactobacillus strains from the perspective of an adaptation strategy. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:12236-12248. [PMID: 34600710 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-20888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The application of an adaptation strategy for probiotics, which may improve their stress tolerance, requires the identification of the growth range for each parameter tested. In this study, 4 probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lacticaseibacillus casei, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum) were grown under different pH, NaCl, and sucrose concentrations at 25°C, 30°C, and 37°C. Turbidimetric growth curves were carried out and lag phase duration, maximum growth rate, and amplitude (i.e., the difference between initial and stationary phase optical density) were estimated. Moreover, cell morphology was observed, and cell length measured. The growth response, as well as the morphological changes, were quite different within the 4 species. The L. acidophilus was the most sensitive strain, whereas L. plantarum was shown to better tolerate a wide range of stressful conditions. Frequently, morphological changes occurred when the growth curve was delayed. Based on the results, ranges of environmental parameters are proposed that can be considered suboptimal for each strain, and therefore could be tested. The quantitative evaluation of the growth kinetics as well as the morphological observation of the cells can constitute useful support to the choice of the parameters to be used in an adaptation strategy, notwithstanding the need to verify the effect on viability both in model systems and in foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bisson
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Marilena Marino
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Denise Poletti
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Nadia Innocente
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Michela Maifreni
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy
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Abstract
The results of the use of probiotic strains of microorganisms of the Bacillus family for the correction and formation of the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract and the impact on metabolism in calves are presented.
The aim of the study. To analyze the effect of probiotics on the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract in calves and biochemical parameters of blood in calves up to one month.
Materials and methods. The research was conducted during 2020 in the conditions of Ukrainian farms for cattle breeding. Five experimental groups of five one-week-old calves were formed in each and one control group. Calves were kept separately in the same conditions on the same diet, but with feeding together with colostrum substitute probiotics of five grams per animal: Bacillus amyloliquefaciense, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus pumilus. The strains are deposited and produced by “Kronos Agro” Ukraine.
Results. It was found that as a result of studies when feeding calves B. coagulans, B. pumilus and B. mucilaginosus the number of Lactobacillus sp. was 80 % higher than in the control group. The level of opportunistic pathogens in the experimental group with B. coagulans had minimal values. Animals in the group where B. mucilaginosus was given had a higher amount of Candida - up to 300 CFU/g and Enterobacteriaceae – 200 CFU/g; which is 50 % less compared to control groups, but more than in the experiment with B. coagulans. According to the results of biochemical examination of blood serum in calves, the absence of toxic effects of probiotic strains: Bacillus amyloliquefaciense, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus pumilus on the internal organs of animals was established.
Conclusions. It was found that the maximum positive effect on the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract of calves up to 30 days of age had B. coagulans (1×109) when fed at a dose of 5 g per animal. The amount of Lactobacillus sp. was the maximum and reached 800 CFU/g, which is 80 % more than in the control group. At the same time, the level of opportunistic pathogens in the experimental group with B. coagulans had minimal indicators and was: Clostridium by 20 %, Escherichia coli – by 70 %, Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcus and Candida – 100 % less than the control.
In the study of biochemical parameters, it was found that the activity of enzymes, protein and glucose levels in the serum of experimental animals fed with B. coagulans were within the physiological norm, indicating a normal metabolic process and no toxic effects.
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An application of selected enterococci using Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 in set-style probiotic yoghurt-like products. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Heo S, Kim JH, Kwak MS, Sung MH, Jeong DW. Functional Annotation Genome Unravels Potential Probiotic Bacillus velezensis Strain KMU01 from Traditional Korean Fermented Kimchi. Foods 2021; 10:foods10030563. [PMID: 33803098 PMCID: PMC7998376 DOI: 10.3390/foods10030563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus velezensis strain KMU01 showing γ-glutamyltransferase activity as a probiotic candidate was isolated from kimchi. However, the genetic information on strain KMU01 was not clear. Therefore, the current investigation was undertaken to prove the probiotic traits of B. velezensis strain KMU01 through genomic analysis. Genomic analysis revealed that strain KMU01 did not encode enterotoxin genes and acquired antibiotic resistance genes. Strain KMU01 genome possessed survivability traits under extreme conditions such as in the presence of gastric acid, as well as several probiotic traits such as intestinal epithelium adhesion and the production of thiamine and essential amino acids. Potential genes for human health enhancement such as those for γ-glutamyltransferase, nattokinase, and bacteriocin production were also identified in the genome. As a starter candidate for food fermentation, the genome of KMU01 encoded for protease, amylase, and lipase genes. The complete genomic sequence of KMU01 will contribute to our understanding of the genetic basis of probiotic properties and allow for the assessment of the effectiveness of this strain as a starter or probiotic for use in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sojeong Heo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Dongduk Women’s University, Seoul 02748, Korea;
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- The Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea; (J.-H.K.); (M.-S.K.)
| | - Mi-Sun Kwak
- The Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea; (J.-H.K.); (M.-S.K.)
| | - Moon-Hee Sung
- The Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea; (J.-H.K.); (M.-S.K.)
- KookminBio Corporation, Seoul 02826, Korea
- Correspondence: or (M.-H.S.); (D.-W.J.); Tel.: +82-2-910-4808 (M.-H.S.); +82-2-940-4463 (D.-W.J.)
| | - Do-Won Jeong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Dongduk Women’s University, Seoul 02748, Korea;
- Correspondence: or (M.-H.S.); (D.-W.J.); Tel.: +82-2-910-4808 (M.-H.S.); +82-2-940-4463 (D.-W.J.)
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22
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Langa S, Peirotén A, Gaya P, Garde S, Arqués J, Nuñez M, Medina M, Rodríguez-Mínguez E. Human Bifidobacterium strains as adjunct cultures in Spanish sheep milk cheese. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:7695-7706. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Pápai G, Torres-Maravilla E, Chain F, Varga-Visi É, Antal O, Naár Z, Bermúdez-Humarán LG, Langella P, Martín R. The Administration Matrix Modifies the Beneficial Properties of a Probiotic Mix of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 and Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2020; 13:484-494. [PMID: 32851584 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-020-09702-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Consumption of dairy products is one of the most natural ways to introduce probiotics. However, the beneficial effects of the probiotics might depend on the administration form. The aim of this study was to investigate the beneficial properties of two probiotic strains: Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (BB-12) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA-5) in different administration forms (capsules and yogurt). First, in vitro resistance to gastrointestinal condition, surface properties, and immunomodulation capacities were determined. Then, the anti-inflammatory properties of the probiotic strains administrated on yogurt or capsules were tested in a dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced colitis mouse model. The survival rates of BB-12 and LA-5 strains to gastrointestinal conditions were slightly higher when yogurt was used as carrier. They showed most affinity to hexane (no-polar basic solvent) than ethyl-acetate (polar basic solvent). BB-12 showed the higher binding capacity to HT-29, Caco-2, and mucin. Both probiotic candidates suppress the secretion of IL-8 secretion by HT-29-TNF-α stimulated cells. Finally, administration of BB-12 and LA-5 strains improve colitis in mice. They protect against weight loss, inflammation, and hyperpermeability induced by DNBS. However, these anti-inflammatory effects were limited when mice were treated with the probiotic strain on a yogurt matrix. Overall results indicate that BB-12 and LA-5 positive properties are compromised depending on the matrix. Consequently, the selection of an appropriate matrix is an important criterion to conserve the positive benefits of these probiotic strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gréta Pápai
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Institute of Physiology, Biochemistry and Animal Health, Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary.,Department of Nutritional Physiology, Food Science Research Institute, National Agricultural Research and Innovation Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edgar Torres-Maravilla
- Equipe Interactions des Micro-organismes Commensaux et Probiotiques avec l'Hôte (ProbiHôte), Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Florian Chain
- Equipe Interactions des Micro-organismes Commensaux et Probiotiques avec l'Hôte (ProbiHôte), Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Éva Varga-Visi
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Institute of Physiology, Biochemistry and Animal Health, Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Otília Antal
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Food Science Research Institute, National Agricultural Research and Innovation Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Naár
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Food Science Research Institute, National Agricultural Research and Innovation Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Luis G Bermúdez-Humarán
- Equipe Interactions des Micro-organismes Commensaux et Probiotiques avec l'Hôte (ProbiHôte), Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Philippe Langella
- Equipe Interactions des Micro-organismes Commensaux et Probiotiques avec l'Hôte (ProbiHôte), Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Rebeca Martín
- Equipe Interactions des Micro-organismes Commensaux et Probiotiques avec l'Hôte (ProbiHôte), Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
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Flores Bueso Y, Walker SP, Hogan G, Claesson MJ, Tangney M. Protoblock - A biological standard for formalin fixed samples. MICROBIOME 2020; 8:122. [PMID: 32828122 PMCID: PMC7443293 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-020-00901-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue is the gold standard in pathology tissue storage, representing the largest collections of patient material. Their reliable use for DNA analyses could open a trove of potential samples for research and are currently being recognised as a viable source material for bacterial analysis. There are several key features which limit bacterial-related data generation from this material: (i) DNA damage inherent to the fixing process, (ii) low bacterial biomass that increases the vulnerability to contamination and exacerbates the host DNA effects and (iii) lack of suitable DNA extraction methods, leading to data bias. The development and systematic use of reliable standards is a key priority for microbiome research. More than perhaps any other sample type, FFPE material urgently requires the development of standards to ensure the validity of results and to promote reproducibility. RESULTS To address these limitations and concerns, we have developed the Protoblock as a biological standard for FFPE tissue-based research and method optimisation. This is a novel system designed to generate bespoke mock FFPE 'blocks' with a cell content that is user-defined and which undergoes the same treatment conditions as clinical FFPE tissues. The 'Protoblock' features a mix of formalin-fixed cells, of known number, embedded in an agar matrix which is solidified to form a defined shape that is paraffin embedded. The contents of various Protoblocks populated with mammalian and bacterial cells were verified by microscopy. The quantity and condition of DNA purified from blocks was evaluated by qPCR, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and whole genome sequencing. These analyses validated the capability of the Protoblock system to determine the extent to which each of the three stated confounding features impacts on eventual analysis of cellular DNA present in FFPE samples. CONCLUSION The Protoblock provides a representation of biological material after FFPE treatment. Use of this standard will greatly assist the stratification of biological variations detected into those legitimately resulting from experimental conditions, and those that are artefacts of the processed nature of the samples, thus enabling users to relate the outputs of laboratory analyses to reality. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yensi Flores Bueso
- CancerResearch@UCC, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- SynBioCentre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sidney P Walker
- CancerResearch@UCC, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- SynBioCentre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Glenn Hogan
- CancerResearch@UCC, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- SynBioCentre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Marcus J Claesson
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Mark Tangney
- CancerResearch@UCC, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
- SynBioCentre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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Andrade JC, Almeida D, Domingos M, Seabra CL, Machado D, Freitas AC, Gomes AM. Commensal Obligate Anaerobic Bacteria and Health: Production, Storage, and Delivery Strategies. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:550. [PMID: 32582673 PMCID: PMC7291883 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last years several human commensals have emerged from the gut microbiota studies as potential probiotics or therapeutic agents. Strains of human gut inhabitants such as Akkermansia, Bacteroides, or Faecalibacterium have shown several interesting bioactivities and are thus currently being considered as food supplements or as live biotherapeutics, as is already the case with other human commensals such as bifidobacteria. The large-scale use of these bacteria will pose many challenges and drawbacks mainly because they are quite sensitive to oxygen and/or very difficult to cultivate. This review highlights the properties of some of the most promising human commensals bacteria and summarizes the most up-to-date knowledge on their potential health effects. A comprehensive outlook on the potential strategies currently employed and/or available to produce, stabilize, and deliver these microorganisms is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Carlos Andrade
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Diana Almeida
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Melany Domingos
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Leal Seabra
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniela Machado
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Cristina Freitas
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Maria Gomes
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
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Senizza A, Rocchetti G, Callegari ML, Lucini L, Morelli L. Linoleic acid induces metabolic stress in the intestinal microorganism Bifidobacterium breve DSM 20213. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5997. [PMID: 32265475 PMCID: PMC7138814 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62897-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite clinical and research interest in the health implications of the conjugation of linoleic acid (LA) by bifidobacteria, the detailed metabolic pathway and physiological reasons underlying the process remain unclear. This research aimed to investigate, at the molecular level, how LA affects the metabolism of Bifidobacterium breve DSM 20213 as a model for the well-known LA conjugation phenotype of this species. The mechanisms involved and the meaning of the metabolic changes caused by LA to B. breve DSM 20213 are unclear due to the lack of comprehensive information regarding the responses of B. breve DSM 20213 under different environmental conditions. Therefore, for the first time, an untargeted metabolomics-based approach was used to depict the main changes in the metabolic profiles of B. breve DSM 20213. Both supervised and unsupervised statistical methods applied to the untargeted metabolomic data allowed confirming the metabolic changes of B. breve DSM 20213 when exposed to LA. In particular, alterations to the amino-acid, carbohydrate and fatty-acid biosynthetic pathways were observed at the stationary phase of growth curve. Among others, significant up-regulation trends were detected for aromatic (such as tyrosine and tryptophan) and sulfur amino acids (i.e., methionine and cysteine). Besides confirming the conjugation of LA, metabolomics suggested a metabolic reprogramming during the whole growth curve and an imbalance in redox status following LA exposure. Such redox stress resulted in the down-accumulation of peroxide scavengers such as low-molecular-weight thiols (glutathione- and mycothiol-related compounds) and ascorbate precursors, together with the up-accumulation of oxidized (hydroxy- and epoxy-derivatives) forms of fatty acids. Consistently, growth was reduced and the levels of the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde were higher in LA-exposed B. breve DSM 20213 than in the control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Senizza
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Gabriele Rocchetti
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Callegari
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
- Centre for Research on Biotechnology (CRB), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Milano 24, 26100, Cremona, Italy
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Morelli
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
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Zhou Y, Zeng Z, Xu Y, Ying J, Wang B, Majeed M, Majeed S, Pande A, Li W. Application of Bacillus coagulans in Animal Husbandry and Its Underlying Mechanisms. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E454. [PMID: 32182789 PMCID: PMC7143728 DOI: 10.3390/ani10030454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, probiotics have attracted widespread attention and their application in healthcare and animal husbandry has been promising. Among many probiotics, Bacillus coagulans (B. coagulans) has become a key player in the field of probiotics in recent years. It has been demonstrated to be involved in regulating the balance of the intestinal microbiota, promoting metabolism and utilization of nutrients, improving immunity, and more importantly, it also has good industrial properties such as high temperature resistance, acid resistance, bile resistance, and the like. This review highlights the effects of B. coagulans in animal husbandry and its underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (B.W.)
| | - Zihan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (B.W.)
| | - Yibin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (B.W.)
| | - Jiafu Ying
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (B.W.)
| | - Baikui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (B.W.)
| | - Muhammed Majeed
- Sami Labs Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka 560058, India;
- Sabinsa Corporation, East Windsor, NJ 08520, USA; (S.M.); (A.P.)
- Sabinsa Corporation, Payson, UT 84651, USA
| | - Shaheen Majeed
- Sabinsa Corporation, East Windsor, NJ 08520, USA; (S.M.); (A.P.)
- Sabinsa Corporation, Payson, UT 84651, USA
| | - Anurag Pande
- Sabinsa Corporation, East Windsor, NJ 08520, USA; (S.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Weifen Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (B.W.)
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Cao J, Yu Z, Liu W, Zhao J, Zhang H, Zhai Q, Chen W. Probiotic characteristics of Bacillus coagulans and associated implications for human health and diseases. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Modification of Immunological Parameters, Oxidative Stress Markers, Mood Symptoms, and Well-Being Status in CFS Patients after Probiotic Intake: Observations from a Pilot Study. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:1684198. [PMID: 31871540 PMCID: PMC6906814 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1684198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study discusses about the effects of a combination of probiotics able to stimulate the immune system of patients affected by Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME). To this purpose, patients diagnosed according to Fukuda's criteria and treated with probiotics were analyzed by means of clinical and laboratory evaluations, before and after probiotic administrations. Probiotics were selected considering the possible pathogenic mechanisms of ME/CFS syndrome, which has been associated with an impaired immune response, dysregulation of Th1/Th2 ratio, and high oxidative stress with exhaustion of antioxidant reserve due to severe mitochondrial dysfunction. Immune and oxidative dysfunction could be related with the gastrointestinal (GI) chronic low-grade inflammation in the lamina propria and intestinal mucosal surface associated with dysbiosis, leaky gut, bacterial translocation, and immune and oxidative dysfunction. Literature data demonstrate that bacterial species are able to modulate the functions of the immune and oxidative systems and that the administration of some probiotics can improve mucosal barrier function, modulating the release of proinflammatory cytokines, in CFS/ME patients. This study represents a preliminary investigation to verifying the safety and efficacy of a certain combination of probiotics in CFS/ME patients. The results suggest that probiotics can modify the well-being status as well as inflammatory and oxidative indexes in CFS/ME patients. No adverse effects were observed except for one patient, which displayed a flare-up of symptoms, although all inflammatory parameters (i.e., cytokines, fecal calprotectin, ESR, and immunoglobulins) were reduced after probiotic intake. The reactivation of fatigue symptoms in this patient, whose clinical history reported the onset of CFS/ME following mononucleosis, could be related to an abnormal stimulation of the immune system as suggested by a recent study describing an exaggerated immune activation associated with chronic fatigue.
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Terpou A, Papadaki A, Lappa IK, Kachrimanidou V, Bosnea LA, Kopsahelis N. Probiotics in Food Systems: Significance and Emerging Strategies Towards Improved Viability and Delivery of Enhanced Beneficial Value. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1591. [PMID: 31337060 PMCID: PMC6683253 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Preserving the efficacy of probiotic bacteria exhibits paramount challenges that need to be addressed during the development of functional food products. Several factors have been claimed to be responsible for reducing the viability of probiotics including matrix acidity, level of oxygen in products, presence of other lactic acid bacteria, and sensitivity to metabolites produced by other competing bacteria. Several approaches are undertaken to improve and sustain microbial cell viability, like strain selection, immobilization technologies, synbiotics development etc. Among them, cell immobilization in various carriers, including composite carrier matrix systems has recently attracted interest targeting to protect probiotics from different types of environmental stress (e.g., pH and heat treatments). Likewise, to successfully deliver the probiotics in the large intestine, cells must survive food processing and storage, and withstand the stress conditions encountered in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Hence, the appropriate selection of probiotics and their effective delivery remains a technological challenge with special focus on sustaining the viability of the probiotic culture in the formulated product. Development of synbiotic combinations exhibits another approach of functional food to stimulate the growth of probiotics. The aim of the current review is to summarize the strategies and the novel techniques adopted to enhance the viability of probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Terpou
- Food Biotechnology Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Papadaki
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Ionian University, Argostoli, 28100 Kefalonia, Greece
| | - Iliada K Lappa
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Ionian University, Argostoli, 28100 Kefalonia, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Kachrimanidou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Ionian University, Argostoli, 28100 Kefalonia, Greece
| | - Loulouda A Bosnea
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization DEMETER, Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Dairy Department, Katsikas, 45221 Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Nikolaos Kopsahelis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Ionian University, Argostoli, 28100 Kefalonia, Greece.
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Sarquis MA, Siroli L, Modesto M, Patrignani F, Lanciotti R, Mattarelli P, Reinheimer J, Burns P. Novel bifidobacteria strains isolated from nonconventional sources. Technological, antimicrobial and biological characterization for their use as probiotics. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 127:1207-1218. [PMID: 31260157 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To characterize four novel autochthonous bifidobacteria isolated from monkey faeces and a Bifidobacterium lactis strain isolated from chicken faeces by evaluating their technological and biological/functional potential to be used as probiotics. Different stressors, including food process parameters and storage, can affect their viability and functionality. METHODS AND RESULTS The resistance to frozen storage, tolerance to lyophilization and viability during storage, thermal, acidic and simulated gastric resistance, surface hydrophobicity and antimicrobial activity against pathogens were studied. Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12 and INL1 were used as reference strains. The results obtained demonstrated that the new isolates presented strain-dependent behaviour. Good results were obtained for thermal resistance, frozen storage at -80°C and lyophilized powders maintained at 5°C. Cell viability during refrigerated storage was higher when the strains were resuspended in milk at pH 5·0 than at 4·5. The surface hydrophobicity ranged between 7 and 98% depending on the strain. The simulated gastric resistance was improved for the strains incorporated in cheese. Regarding antimicrobial activity, bifidobacteria isolated from monkey presented higher inhibitory capacity than the reference strains. CONCLUSION This research provides a deeper insight into new strains of bifidobacteria isolated from primates and chicken that have not been previously characterized for their potential use in dairy products and confirm the most robust stress tolerance of B. lactis. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The possibility of expanding the available bifidobacteria with the potential to be added to a probiotic food necessarily implies characterizing them from different points of view, especially when considering unknown species. For monkey isolates (which showed higher antimicrobial activity against pathogens), more in-depth knowledge is needed before applying strategies to improve their performance. On the contrary, the chicken isolate B. lactis P32/1 showed similar behaviour to the references B. lactis strains; therefore, it could be considered as a potential probiotic candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Sarquis
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Instituto de Lactología Industrial (INLAIN, UNL-CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - L Siroli
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Instituto de Lactología Industrial (INLAIN, UNL-CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina.,Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari (DISTAL), Campus Scienze degli Alimenti, Cesena, Italia
| | - M Modesto
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari (DISTAL), Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italia
| | - F Patrignani
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari (DISTAL), Campus Scienze degli Alimenti, Cesena, Italia
| | - R Lanciotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari (DISTAL), Campus Scienze degli Alimenti, Cesena, Italia
| | - P Mattarelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari (DISTAL), Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italia
| | - J Reinheimer
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Instituto de Lactología Industrial (INLAIN, UNL-CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - P Burns
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Instituto de Lactología Industrial (INLAIN, UNL-CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
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Functional annotation of the genome unravels probiotic potential of Bacillus coagulans HS243. Genomics 2019; 111:921-929. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Afjeh MEA, Pourahmad R, Akbari-Adergani B, Azin M. Use of Glucose Oxidase Immobilized on Magnetic Chitosan Nanoparticles in Probiotic Drinking Yogurt. Food Sci Anim Resour 2019; 39:73-83. [PMID: 30882076 PMCID: PMC6411245 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2019.e5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of glucose oxidase (GOX)
immobilized on magnetic chitosan nanoparticles (MCNP) on the viability of
probiotic bacteria and the physico-chemical properties of drinking yogurt.
Different concentrations (0, 250, and 500 mg/kg) of free and immobilized GOX
were used in probiotic drinking yogurt samples. The samples were stored at
4°C for 21 d. During storage, reduction of the number of probiotic
bacteria in the samples with enzyme was lower than the control sample (without
enzyme). The sample containing 500 mg/kg immobilized enzyme had the highest
number of Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus
acidophilus. The samples containing immobilized enzyme had lower
acidity than other samples. Moreover, moderate proteolytic activity and enough
contents of flavor compounds were observed in these samples. It can be concluded
that use of immobilized GOX is economically more feasible because of improving
the viability of probiotic bacteria and the physico-chemical characteristics of
drinking yogurt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ein Ali Afjeh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, Varamin 3381774895, Iran
| | - Rezvan Pourahmad
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, Varamin 3381774895, Iran
| | - Behrouz Akbari-Adergani
- Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran P.O. Box 11136-15911
| | - Mehrdad Azin
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
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Exopolysaccharides May Increase Gastrointestinal Stress Tolerance of Lactobacillus reuteri. FOLIA VETERINARIA 2018. [DOI: 10.2478/fv-2018-0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
This study investigated a possible relationship between exopolysaccharides (EPS) production and the resistance to bile salts and low pH in intestinal strains of Lactobacillus reuteri. The strains displayed a mucoid phenotype, when grown in the presence of 10 % sucrose. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed strands of exopolysaccharide linking neighbouring cells. The strains (except L. reuteri B1/1) produced EPS in the range from 15.80 to 650.70 mg.l−1. The strains were tested for tolerance to bile salts (0.15; 0.3 %) and low pH (1.5—2.0—2.5—3.0). The survival rate, after the treatment with artificial gastric and intestinal juices, was determined by flow cytometric analysis. The strains of L. reuteri that produced 121—650 mg.l−1 of EPS showed a significantly higher tolerance (P < 0.001) to the gastric juice at pH 3 and 2.5, throughout the entire exposure time, in comparison to the strains that produced less than 20 mg.l−1 of EPS. L. reuteri L26, with the highest production of EPS, exhibited the highest survival rate (60 %) at pH 2 after the 120 minutes of in-cubation and was able to tolerate pH 1.5 for 30 minutes. Higher production of EPS significantly (P < 0.001) increased the strains’ tolerance against the intestinal juice in the presence of 0.15 and 0.3 % bile salts and was time dependent. L. reuteri L26 showed the highest tolerance (P < 0.001) against 0.3 % bile salts. This investigation revealed a positive correlation between the EPS production and the resistance of intestinal L. reuteri to the stress conditions of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT).
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Lim JH, Yoon SM, Tan PL, Yang S, Kim SH, Park HJ. Probiotic Properties of Lactobacillus Plantarum LRCC5193, a Plant-Origin Lactic Acid Bacterium Isolated from Kimchi and Its Use in Chocolates. J Food Sci 2018; 83:2802-2811. [PMID: 30325520 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This study involves an investigation of the probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Kimchi, and their potential applications in chocolate. Lactobacillus plantarum-LRCC5193 (LP-LRCC5193) demonstrated a significantly higher degree of heat, acid, and bile acid tolerance compared to other Kimchi isolates. The intestinal adhesion assay also revealed that 84.2 log percentage of LP-LRCC5193 adhered to the Caco-2 cells after 2 h of incubation. Furthermore, the lyophilized LP-LRCC5193 maintained 92.9 log percentage and 97.2 log percentage survival rate within artificial stomach juice (pH 2.5, pepsin 0.04%) and artificial intestinal juice (oxgall 0.5%, trypsin 0.04%, and pancreatin 0.04%), respectively. Meanwhile, we also found that lyophilized LP-LRCC5193 incorporated in chocolate exhibited significantly higher survivability than lyophilized LP-LRCC5193 in both artificial gastric and intestinal juice under 1 to 3 hr incubation, where the survivability was within the range of 96.3 to 98.5 log percentage, and 98.8 to 98.9 log percentage, respectively. A 6-month storage test further revealed that LP-LRCC5193 demonstrated higher stability than the lyophilized LP-LRCC5103 in 3 different temperature ranges, where the final survival rates were 97.2 log percentage (20 °C), 89.2 log percentage (33 °C), and 94.4 log percentage (15 to 30 °C/wk). Altogether, our data suggest that chocolate can be used as a tasty delivery vehicle for delivering putative probiotic strain, LP-LRCC5193 to the gastrointestinal tract. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Lactobacillus plantarum LRCC5193 (LP-LRCC5193) isolated from Kimchi demonstrated high stability under gastrointestinal environmental stresses and good adhesion to the intestinal epithelial cells in vitro. In addition, LP-LRCC5193 containing chocolates remained highly stable after storage at room temperature for 6 months. Chocolate containing LP-LRCC5193 can thus be considered a promising probiotic delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hoon Lim
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea Univ., Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.,Lotte R&D Center, 201, Magokjungang-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07594, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Min Yoon
- Lotte R&D Center, 201, Magokjungang-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07594, Republic of Korea
| | - Pei-Lei Tan
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea Univ., Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Siyoung Yang
- Lotte R&D Center, 201, Magokjungang-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07594, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae-Hun Kim
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea Univ., Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Park
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea Univ., Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
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Bustos AY, Font de Valdez G, Fadda S, Taranto MP. New insights into bacterial bile resistance mechanisms: the role of bile salt hydrolase and its impact on human health. Food Res Int 2018; 112:250-262. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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37
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Jessie Lau LY, Chye FY. Antagonistic effects of Lactobacillus plantarum 0612 on the adhesion of selected foodborne enteropathogens in various colonic environments. Food Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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38
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Konuray G, Erginkaya Z. Potential Use of Bacillus coagulans in the Food Industry. Foods 2018; 7:foods7060092. [PMID: 29899254 PMCID: PMC6025323 DOI: 10.3390/foods7060092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotic microorganisms are generally considered to beneficially affect host health when used in adequate amounts. Although generally used in dairy products, they are also widely used in various commercial food products such as fermented meats, cereals, baby foods, fruit juices, and ice creams. Among lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium are the most commonly used bacteria in probiotic foods, but they are not resistant to heat treatment. Probiotic food diversity is expected to be greater with the use of probiotics, which are resistant to heat treatment and gastrointestinal system conditions. Bacillus coagulans (B. coagulans) has recently attracted the attention of researchers and food manufacturers, as it exhibits characteristics of both the Bacillus and Lactobacillus genera. B. coagulans is a spore-forming bacterium which is resistant to high temperatures with its probiotic activity. In addition, a large number of studies have been carried out on the low-cost microbial production of industrially valuable products such as lactic acid and various enzymes of B. coagulans which have been used in food production. In this review, the importance of B. coagulans in food industry is discussed. Moreover, some studies on B. coagulans products and the use of B. coagulans as a probiotic in food products are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gözde Konuray
- Department of Food Engineering, Cukurova University, Adana 01330, Turkey.
| | - Zerrin Erginkaya
- Department of Food Engineering, Cukurova University, Adana 01330, Turkey.
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Akkerman R, Faas MM, de Vos P. Non-digestible carbohydrates in infant formula as substitution for human milk oligosaccharide functions: Effects on microbiota and gut maturation. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:1486-1497. [PMID: 29333864 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1414030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Human milk (HM) is the golden standard for nutrition of newborn infants. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are abundantly present in HM and exert multiple beneficial functions, such as support of colonization of the gut microbiota, reduction of pathogenic infections and support of immune development. HMO-composition is during lactation continuously adapted by the mother to accommodate the needs of the neonate. Unfortunately, for many valid reasons not all neonates can be fed with HM and are either totally or partly fed with cow-milk derived infant formulas, which do not contain HMOs. These cow-milk formulas are supplemented with non-digestible carbohydrates (NDCs) that have functional effects similar to that of some HMOs, since production of synthetic HMOs is challenging and still very expensive. However, NDCs cannot substitute all HMO functions. More efficacious NDCs may be developed and customized for specific groups of neonates such as pre-matures and allergy prone infants. Here current knowledge of HMO functions in the neonate in view of possible replacement of HMOs by NDCs in infant formulas is reviewed. Furthermore, methods to expedite identification of suitable NDCs and structure/function relationships are reviewed as in vivo studies in babies are impossible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renate Akkerman
- a Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology , University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Marijke M Faas
- a Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology , University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.,b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Paul de Vos
- a Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology , University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
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Omics of bifidobacteria: research and insights into their health-promoting activities. Biochem J 2017; 474:4137-4152. [PMID: 29212851 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20160756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Members of the genus Bifidobacterium include gut commensals that are particularly abundant among the microbial communities residing in the gut of healthy breast-fed infants, where their presence has been linked to many beneficial host effects. Next-generation DNA sequencing and comparative and functional genome methodologies have been shown to be particularly useful in exploring the diversity of this genus. These combined approaches have allowed the identification of genetic features related to bifidobacterial establishment in the gut, involving host-microbe as well as microbe-microbe interactions. Among these, proteinaceous structures, which protrude from the bacterial surface, i.e. pili or fimbriae, and exopolysaccharidic cell surface layers or capsules represent crucial features that assist in their colonization and persistence in the gut. As bifidobacteria are colonizers of the large intestine, they have to be able to cope with various sources of osmotic, oxidative, bile and acid stress during their transit across the gastric barrier and the small intestine. Bifidobacterial genomes thus encode various survival mechanisms, such as molecular chaperones and efflux pumps, to overcome such challenges. Bifidobacteria represent part of an anaerobic gut community, and feed on nondigestible carbohydrates through a specialized fermentative metabolic pathway, which in turn produces growth substrates for other members of the gut community. Conversely, bifidobacteria may also be dependent on other (bifido)bacteria to access host- and diet-derived glycans, and these complex co-operative interactions, based on resource sharing and cross-feeding strategies, represent powerful driving forces that shape gut microbiota composition.
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Hidalgo-Cantabrana C, O’Flaherty S, Barrangou R. CRISPR-based engineering of next-generation lactic acid bacteria. Curr Opin Microbiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2017.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Jafari M, Mortazavian AM, Hosseini H, Safaei F, Mousavi Khaneghah A, Sant'Ana AS. Probiotic Bacillus : Fate during sausage processing and storage and influence of different culturing conditions on recovery of their spores. Food Res Int 2017; 95:46-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ladero V, Sánchez B. Molecular and technological insights into the aerotolerance of anaerobic probiotics: examples from bifidobacteria. Curr Opin Food Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Mondal KC, Ray M, Ghosh K, Har PK, Singh SN. Fortification of Rice Gruel into Functional Beverage and Establishment as a Carrier of Newly Isolated Bifidobacterium sp. MKK4. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.3923/jm.2017.102.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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45
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Calderini E, Celebioglu HU, Villarroel J, Jacobsen S, Svensson B, Pessione E. Comparative proteomics of oxidative stress response of Lactobacillus acidophilus
NCFM reveals effects on DNA repair and cysteine de novo
synthesis. Proteomics 2017; 17. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201600178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elia Calderini
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology; Università di Torino; Torino Italy
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry Group, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine; Technical University of Denmark; Lyngby Denmark
| | - Hasan Ufuk Celebioglu
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry Group, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine; Technical University of Denmark; Lyngby Denmark
| | - Julia Villarroel
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry Group, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine; Technical University of Denmark; Lyngby Denmark
| | - Susanne Jacobsen
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry Group, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine; Technical University of Denmark; Lyngby Denmark
| | - Birte Svensson
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry Group, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine; Technical University of Denmark; Lyngby Denmark
| | - Enrica Pessione
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology; Università di Torino; Torino Italy
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Anaerobic Probiotics: The Key Microbes for Human Health. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 156:397-431. [PMID: 26907552 DOI: 10.1007/10_2015_5008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Human gastrointestinal microbiota (HGIM) incorporate a large number of microbes from different species. Anaerobic bacteria are the dominant organisms in this microbial consortium and play a crucial role in human health. In addition to their functional role as the main source of many essential metabolites for human health, they are considered as biotherapeutic agents in the regulation of different human metabolites. They are also important in the prevention and in the treatment of different physical and mental diseases. Bifidobacteria are the dominant anaerobic bacteria in HGIM and are widely used in the development of probiotic products for infants, children and adults. To develop bifidobacteria-based bioproducts, therefore, it is necessary to develop a large-scale biomass production platform based on a good understanding of the ideal medium and bioprocessing parameters for their growth and viability. In addition, high cell viability should be maintained during downstream processing and storage of probiotic cell powder or the final formulated product. In this work we review the latest information about the biology, therapeutic activities, cultivation and industrial production of bifidobacteria.
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Dianawati D, Mishra V, Shah NP. Survival of Microencapsulated Probiotic Bacteria after Processing and during Storage: A Review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 56:1685-716. [PMID: 25853290 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2013.798779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The use of live probiotic bacteria as food supplement has become popular. Capability of probiotic bacteria to be kept at room temperature becomes necessary for customer's convenience and manufacturer's cost reduction. Hence, production of dried form of probiotic bacteria is important. Two common drying methods commonly used for microencapsulation are freeze drying and spray drying. In spite of their benefits, both methods have adverse effects on cell membrane integrity and protein structures resulting in decrease in bacterial viability. Microencapsulation of probiotic bacteria has been a promising technology to ensure bacterial stability during the drying process and to preserve their viability during storage without significantly losing their functional properties such acid tolerance, bile tolerance, surface hydrophobicity, and enzyme activities. Storage at room temperatures instead of freezing or low temperature storage is preferable for minimizing costs of handling, transportation, and storage. Concepts of water activity and glass transition become important in terms of determination of bacterial survival during the storage. The effectiveness of microencapsulation is also affected by microcapsule materials. Carbohydrate- and protein-based microencapsulants and their combination are discussed in terms of their protecting effect on probiotic bacteria during dehydration, during exposure to harsh gastrointestinal transit and small intestine transit and during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianawati Dianawati
- a School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Victoria University , Werribee Campus, Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
| | - Vijay Mishra
- a School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Victoria University , Werribee Campus, Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
| | - Nagendra P Shah
- a School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Victoria University , Werribee Campus, Melbourne , Victoria , Australia.,b Food and Nutritional Science, School of Biological Science, The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong
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Microbiological, biochemical and organoleptic properties of fermented-probiotic drink produced from camel milk. VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM : AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL 2017; 8:313-317. [PMID: 29326790 PMCID: PMC5756251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The microbiological and biochemical changes occurred during the fermentation of camel milk inoculated by three selected bacterial starter, were investigated as well as the sensory evaluation of the product. Milk samples were collected from camel herds of southeastern of Iran. Chr. Hansen ABT-10 starter including Lactobacillus acidophillus, Biphidobacterum biphidum and Sterptococcus thermophilus in ratio of 0.50 g per 100 mL of camel milk was added. This fermented product was examined at the 0, 3rd, 6th and 9th days for microbiological, biochemical and sensory evaluations. The results showed the number of starter bacteria was maintained at least 106 CFU mL-1 during nine test days. It was shown that it could be used as fermented-probiotic drink. The product did not show any microbial contamination. The acidity and protein amount of produced drink showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in different test days. Fat, solids-not-fat and ash amount of the product showed significant differences at the ninths' test day compared to the zero test day (p < 0.05). Organoleptic properties of product including flavor, color, odor, consistency, mouth feel and overall acceptance were significantly improved (p < 0.05). Therefore, the produced fermented-probiotic drink, in addition to keep maintenance and increased nutritional quantity value, was accepted by consumers in terms of organoleptic properties and it could be used as a healthy and functional drink.
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Valdés-Varela L, Ruas-Madiedo P, Gueimonde M. In vitro fermentation of different fructo-oligosaccharides by Bifidobacterium strains for the selection of synbiotic combinations. Int J Food Microbiol 2016; 242:19-23. [PMID: 27866040 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The use of selected probiotics, prebiotics and/or synbiotics, constitute an interesting dietary strategy for intestinal microbiota modulation in case of dysbiosis. Species of the genus Bifidobacterium are among the most currently used probiotics for human consumption since they have shown beneficial effects in the prevention and treatment of some disorders. Bifidobacteria are saccharolytic microorganisms, but their ability to use different carbohydrates varies among strains. In this study, we investigate the utilization of three prebiotic substrates (two different short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides [scFOS] and inulin) by strains of Bifidobacterium, in order to determine the synbiotic potential of the different probiotic/prebiotic combinations. Batch culture fermentations from six Bifidobacterium strains (Bifidobacterium longum IPLA20021, B. longum IPLA20022, Bifidobacterium animalis IPLA20031, B. animalis IPLA20032, B. animalis IPLA20020 and B. animalis Bb12) were carried out in the presence of inulin or scFOS (Synergy or Actilight), or glucose, as carbon source. Bifidobacteria levels were quantified by plate counting. The pH and production of organic acids in the different batch-culture fermentations were also determined. Our results showed that all the studied strains of B. animalis and B. longum were able to utilize scFOS but not inulin. The use of scFOS as carbon source affected the pattern of metabolite's production, when compared with cultures carried out in glucose, particularly in the case of B. longum. The results indicated that the scFOS are well suited to be used in combination with B. animalis or B. longum strains for the development of synbiotic foods or food supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Valdés-Varela
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain.
| | - Patricia Ruas-Madiedo
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
| | - Miguel Gueimonde
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
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50
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Florence ACR, de Oliveira MN, Delile A, Béal C. Survival of Bifidobacterium strains in organic fermented milk is improved as a result of membrane fatty acid composition. Int Dairy J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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