1
|
Sesti F, Bortolami A, Kathera-Ibarra EF. Non-conducting functions of potassium channels in cancer and neurological disease. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2023; 92:199-231. [PMID: 38007268 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Cancer and neurodegenerative disease, albeit fundamental differences, share some common pathogenic mechanisms. Accordingly, both conditions are associated with aberrant cell proliferation and migration. Here, we review the causative role played by potassium (K+) channels, a fundamental class of proteins, in cancer and neurodegenerative disease. The concept that emerges from the review of the literature is that K+ channels can promote the development and progression of cancerous and neurodegenerative pathologies by dysregulating cell proliferation and migration. K+ channels appear to control these cellular functions in ways that not necessarily depend on their conducting properties and that involve the ability to directly or indirectly engage growth and survival signaling pathways. As cancer and neurodegenerative disease represent global health concerns, identifying commonalities may help understand the molecular basis for those devastating conditions and may facilitate the design of new drugs or the repurposing of existing drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Sesti
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Hoes Ln. West, Piscataway, NJ, United States.
| | - Alessandro Bortolami
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Hoes Ln. West, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Elena Forzisi Kathera-Ibarra
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Hoes Ln. West, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Qi ZX, Shen KL, Peng JY, Fan XJ, Huang HW, Jiang JL, Lu JH, Wang XQ, Fang XX, Chen L, Zhuang QX. Histamine bidirectionally regulates the intrinsic excitability of parvalbumin-positive neurons in the lateral globus pallidus and promotes motor behaviour. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 180:1379-1407. [PMID: 36512485 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Parvalbumin (PV)-positive neurons are a type of neuron in the lateral globus pallidus (LGP) which plays an important role in motor control. The present study investigated the effect of histamine on LGPPV neurons and motor behaviour. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Histamine levels in LGP as well as its histaminergic innervation were determined through brain stimulation, microdialysis, anterograde tracing and immunostaining. Mechanisms of histamine action were detected by immunostaining, single-cell qPCR, whole-cell patch-clamp recording, optogenetic stimulation and CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing techniques. The effect of histamine on motor behaviour was detected by animal behavioural tests. KEY RESULTS A direct histaminergic innervation in LGP from the tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN) and a histamine-induced increase in the intrinsic excitability of LGPPV neurons were determined by pharmacological blockade or by genetic knockout of the histamine H1 receptor (H1 R)-coupled TWIK-related potassium channel-1 (TREK-1) and the small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel (SK3), as well as by activation or overexpression of the histamine H2 receptor (H2 R)-coupled hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (HCN2). Histamine negatively regulated the STN → LGPGlu transmission in LGPPV neurons via the histamine H3 receptor (H3 R), whereas blockage or knockout of H3 R increased the intrinsic excitability of LGPPV neurons. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our results indicated that the endogenous histaminergic innervation in the LGP can bidirectionally promote motor control by increasing the intrinsic excitability of LGPPV neurons through postsynaptic H1 R and H2 R, albeit its action was negatively regulated by the presynaptic H3 R, thereby suggesting possible role of histamine in motor deficits manifested in Parkinson's disease (PD).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeng-Xin Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Kang-Li Shen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian-Ya Peng
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiu-Juan Fan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui-Wei Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian-Lan Jiang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian-Hua Lu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Fang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian-Xing Zhuang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Altered neural cell junctions and ion-channels leading to disrupted neuron communication in Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:66. [PMID: 35650269 PMCID: PMC9160246 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00324-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurological disorder that affects the movement of the human body. It is primarily characterized by reduced dopamine levels in the brain. The causative agent of PD is still unclear but it is generally accepted that α-synuclein has a central role to play. It is also known that gap-junctions and associated connexins are complicated structures that play critical roles in nervous system signaling and associated misfunctioning. Thus, our current article emphasizes how, alongside α-synuclein, ion-channels, gap-junctions, and related connexins, all play vital roles in influencing multiple metabolic activities of the brain during PD. It also highlights that ion-channel and gap-junction disruptions, which are primarily mediated by their structural-functional changes and alterations, have a role in PD. Furthermore, we discussed available drugs and advanced therapeutic interventions that target Parkinson’s pathogenesis. In conclusion, it warrants creating better treatments for PD patients. Although, dopaminergic replenishment therapy is useful in treating neurological problems, such therapies are, however, unable to control the degeneration that underpins the disease, thereby declining their overall efficacy. This creates an additional challenge and an untapped scope for neurologists to adopt treatments for PD by targeting the ion-channels and gap-junctions, which is well-reviewed in the present article.
Collapse
|
4
|
Nam YW, Cui M, Salem El-Sayed N, Orfali R, Nguyen M, Yang G, Rahman MA, Lee J, Zhang M. Subtype-selective positive modulation of K Ca 2 channels depends on the HA/HB helices. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:460-472. [PMID: 34458981 PMCID: PMC8799485 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In the activated state of small-conductance Ca2+ -activated potassium (KCa 2) channels, calmodulin interacts with the HA/HB helices and the S4-S5 linker. CyPPA potentiates KCa 2.2a and KCa 2.3 channel activity but not the KCa 2.1 and KCa 3.1 subtypes. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Site-directed mutagenesis, patch-clamp recordings and in silico modelling were utilised to explore the structural determinants for the subtype-selective modulation of KCa 2 channels by CyPPA. KEY RESULTS Mutating residues in the HA (V420) and HB (K467) helices of KCa 2.2a channels to their equivalent residues in KCa 3.1 channels diminished the potency of CyPPA. CyPPA elicited prominent responses on mutant KCa 3.1 channels with an arginine residue in the HB helix substituted for its equivalent lysine residue in the KCa 2.2a channels (R355K). KCa 2.1 channels harbouring a three-amino-acid insertion upstream of the cognate R438 residues in the HB helix showed no response to CyPPA, whereas the deletion mutant (KCa 2.1_ΔA434/Q435/K436) became sensitive to CyPPA. In molecular dynamics simulations, CyPPA docked between calmodulin C-lobe and the HA/HB helices widens the cytoplasmic gate of KCa 2.2a channels. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Selectivity of CyPPA among KCa 2 and KCa 3.1 channel subtypes relies on the HA/HB helices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Woo Nam
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, California 92618, USA
| | - Meng Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University School of Pharmacy, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Naglaa Salem El-Sayed
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, California 92618, USA
| | - Razan Orfali
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, California 92618, USA
| | - Misa Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, California 92618, USA
| | - Grace Yang
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, California 92618, USA
| | - Mohammad Asikur Rahman
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, California 92618, USA
| | - Judy Lee
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, California 92618, USA
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, California 92618, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Iarkov A, Mendoza C, Echeverria V. Cholinergic Receptor Modulation as a Target for Preventing Dementia in Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:665820. [PMID: 34616271 PMCID: PMC8488354 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.665820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) in the midbrain resulting in progressive impairment in cognitive and motor abilities. The physiological and molecular mechanisms triggering dopaminergic neuronal loss are not entirely defined. PD occurrence is associated with various genetic and environmental factors causing inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction in the brain, leading to oxidative stress, proteinopathy, and reduced viability of dopaminergic neurons. Oxidative stress affects the conformation and function of ions, proteins, and lipids, provoking mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation and dysfunction. The disruption of protein homeostasis induces the aggregation of alpha-synuclein (α-SYN) and parkin and a deficit in proteasome degradation. Also, oxidative stress affects dopamine release by activating ATP-sensitive potassium channels. The cholinergic system is essential in modulating the striatal cells regulating cognitive and motor functions. Several muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR) and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are expressed in the striatum. The nAChRs signaling reduces neuroinflammation and facilitates neuronal survival, neurotransmitter release, and synaptic plasticity. Since there is a deficit in the nAChRs in PD, inhibiting nAChRs loss in the striatum may help prevent dopaminergic neurons loss in the striatum and its pathological consequences. The nAChRs can also stimulate other brain cells supporting cognitive and motor functions. This review discusses the cholinergic system as a therapeutic target of cotinine to prevent cognitive symptoms and transition to dementia in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Iarkov
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción, Chile
| | - Cristhian Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción, Chile
| | - Valentina Echeverria
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción, Chile.,Research & Development Service, Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Bay Pines, FL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nam YW, Cui M, Orfali R, Viegas A, Nguyen M, Mohammed EHM, Zoghebi KA, Rahighi S, Parang K, Zhang M. Hydrophobic interactions between the HA helix and S4-S5 linker modulate apparent Ca 2+ sensitivity of SK2 channels. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2021; 231:e13552. [PMID: 32865319 PMCID: PMC7736289 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM Small-conductance Ca2+ -activated potassium (SK) channels are activated exclusively by increases in intracellular Ca2+ that binds to calmodulin constitutively associated with the channel. Wild-type SK2 channels are activated by Ca2+ with an EC50 value of ~0.3 μmol/L. Here, we investigate hydrophobic interactions between the HA helix and the S4-S5 linker as a major determinant of channel apparent Ca2+ sensitivity. METHODS Site-directed mutagenesis, electrophysiological recordings and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations were utilized. RESULTS Mutations that decrease hydrophobicity at the HA-S4-S5 interface lead to Ca2+ hyposensitivity of SK2 channels. Mutations that increase hydrophobicity result in hypersensitivity to Ca2+ . The Ca2+ hypersensitivity of the V407F mutant relies on the interaction of the cognate phenylalanine with the S4-S5 linker in the SK2 channel. Replacing the S4-S5 linker of the SK2 channel with the S4-S5 linker of the SK4 channel results in loss of the hypersensitivity caused by V407F. This difference between the S4-S5 linkers of SK2 and SK4 channels can be partially attributed to I295 equivalent to a valine in the SK4 channel. A N293A mutation in the S4-S5 linker also increases hydrophobicity at the HA-S4-S5 interface and elevates the channel apparent Ca2+ sensitivity. The double N293A/V407F mutations generate a highly Ca2+ sensitive channel, with an EC50 of 0.02 μmol/L. The MD simulations of this double-mutant channel revealed a larger channel cytoplasmic gate. CONCLUSION The electrophysiological data and MD simulations collectively suggest a crucial role of the interactions between the HA helix and S4-S5 linker in the apparent Ca2+ sensitivity of SK2 channels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Woo Nam
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Meng Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University School of Pharmacy, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Razan Orfali
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Adam Viegas
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Misa Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Eman H M Mohammed
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Khalid A Zoghebi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Simin Rahighi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Keykavous Parang
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kouba S, Braire J, Félix R, Chantôme A, Jaffrès PA, Lebreton J, Dubreuil D, Pipelier M, Zhang X, Trebak M, Vandier C, Mathé-Allainmat M, Potier-Cartereau M. Lipidic synthetic alkaloids as SK3 channel modulators. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-substituted tetrahydropyridine derivatives with potential anti-metastatic activity. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 186:111854. [PMID: 31753515 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Small Conductance Calcium (Ca2+)-activated potassium (K+) channels (SKCa) are now proved to be involved in many cancer cell behaviors such as proliferation or migration. The SK3 channel isoform was particularly described in breast cancer where it can be associated with the Orai1 Ca2+ channel to form a complex that regulates the Ca2+ homeostasis during tumor development and acts as a potent mediator of bone metastases development in vivo. Until now, very few specific blockers of Orai1 and/or SK3 have been developed as potential anti-metastatic compounds. In this study, we illustrated the synthesis of new families of lipophilic pyridine and tetrahydropyridine derivatives designed as potential modulators of SK3 channel. The toxicity of the newly synthesized compounds and their migration effects were evaluated on the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-435s. Two molecules (7a and 10c) demonstrated a significant decrease in the SK3 channel-dependent migration as well as the SK3/Orai1-related Ca2+ entry. Current measurements showed that these compounds are more likely SK3-selective. Taken all together these results suggest that such molecules could be considered as promising anti-metastatic drugs in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sana Kouba
- University of Tours, Inserm U1069 Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer (N2C), Faculty of Medicine, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032, Tours Cedex, France
| | - Julien Braire
- University of Nantes, CNRS, Faculty of Sciences, Chimie et Interdisciplinarité: Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM), UMR CNRS 6230, 2, Rue de La Houssinière, 44322, Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Romain Félix
- University of Tours, Inserm U1069 Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer (N2C), Faculty of Medicine, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032, Tours Cedex, France
| | - Aurélie Chantôme
- University of Tours, Inserm U1069 Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer (N2C), Faculty of Medicine, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032, Tours Cedex, France
| | - Paul-Alain Jaffrès
- University of Brest, CNRS, CEMCA, UMR 6521, 6 Avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238, Brest, France
| | - Jacques Lebreton
- University of Nantes, CNRS, Faculty of Sciences, Chimie et Interdisciplinarité: Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM), UMR CNRS 6230, 2, Rue de La Houssinière, 44322, Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Didier Dubreuil
- University of Nantes, CNRS, Faculty of Sciences, Chimie et Interdisciplinarité: Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM), UMR CNRS 6230, 2, Rue de La Houssinière, 44322, Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Muriel Pipelier
- University of Nantes, CNRS, Faculty of Sciences, Chimie et Interdisciplinarité: Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM), UMR CNRS 6230, 2, Rue de La Houssinière, 44322, Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Xuexin Zhang
- Pennylvania State University College of Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, 700 HMC Crescent Road, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- Pennylvania State University College of Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, 700 HMC Crescent Road, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Christophe Vandier
- University of Tours, Inserm U1069 Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer (N2C), Faculty of Medicine, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032, Tours Cedex, France
| | - Monique Mathé-Allainmat
- University of Nantes, CNRS, Faculty of Sciences, Chimie et Interdisciplinarité: Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM), UMR CNRS 6230, 2, Rue de La Houssinière, 44322, Nantes Cedex 3, France.
| | - Marie Potier-Cartereau
- University of Tours, Inserm U1069 Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer (N2C), Faculty of Medicine, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032, Tours Cedex, France.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen X, Xue B, Wang J, Liu H, Shi L, Xie J. Potassium Channels: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Parkinson's Disease. Neurosci Bull 2017; 34:341-348. [PMID: 28884460 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-017-0177-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of the second major neurodegenerative disorder, Parkinson's disease (PD), is closely associated with the dysfunction of potassium (K+) channels. Therefore, PD is also considered to be an ion channel disease or neuronal channelopathy. Mounting evidence has shown that K+ channels play crucial roles in the regulations of neurotransmitter release, neuronal excitability, and cell volume. Inhibition of K+ channels enhances the spontaneous firing frequency of nigral dopamine (DA) neurons, induces a transition from tonic firing to burst discharge, and promotes the release of DA in the striatum. Recently, three K+ channels have been identified to protect DA neurons and to improve the motor and non-motor symptoms in PD animal models: small conductance (SK) channels, A-type K+ channels, and KV7/KCNQ channels. In this review, we summarize the physiological and pharmacological effects of the three K+ channels. We also describe in detail the laboratory investigations regarding K+ channels as a potential therapeutic target for PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Bao Xue
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Haixia Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Limin Shi
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Junxia Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mourre C, Manrique C, Camon J, Aidi-Knani S, Deltheil T, Turle-Lorenzo N, Guiraudie-Capraz G, Amalric M. Changes in SK channel expression in the basal ganglia after partial nigrostriatal dopamine lesions in rats: Functional consequences. Neuropharmacology 2016; 113:519-532. [PMID: 27825825 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease originating from the loss of dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNC). The small-conductance calcium-activated potassium (SK) channels play an essential role in the regulation of midbrain DA neuron activity patterns, as well as excitability of other types of neurons of the basal ganglia. We therefore questioned whether the SK channel expression in the basal ganglia is modified in parkinsonian rats and how this could impact behavioral performance in a reaction time task. We used a rat model of early PD in which the progressive nigrostriatal DA degeneration was produced by bilateral infusions of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the striatum. In situ hybridization of SK2 and SK3 mRNA and binding of iodinated apamin (SK2/SK3 blocker) were performed at 1, 8 or 21 days postsurgery in sham and 6-OHDA lesion groups. A significant decrease of SK3 channel expression was found in the SNC of lesioned animals at the three time points, with no change of SK2 channel expression. Interestingly, an upregulation of SK2 mRNA and apamin binding was found in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) at 21 days postlesion. These results were confirmed using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) approach. Functionally, the local infusion of apamin into the STN of parkinsonian rats enhanced the akinetic deficits produced by nigrostriatal DA lesions in a reaction time task while apamin infusion into the SNC had an opposite effect. These effects disappear when the positive modulator of SK channels (CyPPA) is co-administered with apamin. These findings suggest that an upregulation of SK2 channels in the STN may underlie the physiological adjustment to increased subthalamic excitability following partial DA denervation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jeremy Camon
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LNC, FR3C, Marseille, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Martin S, Lazzarini M, Dullin C, Balakrishnan S, Gomes FV, Ninkovic M, El Hady A, Pardo LA, Stühmer W, Del-Bel E. SK3 Channel Overexpression in Mice Causes Hippocampal Shrinkage Associated with Cognitive Impairments. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:1078-1091. [PMID: 26803493 PMCID: PMC5310555 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9680-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The dysfunction of the small-conductance calcium-activated K+ channel SK3 has been described as one of the factors responsible for the progress of psychoneurological diseases, but the molecular basis of this is largely unknown. This report reveals through use of immunohistochemistry and computational tomography that long-term increased expression of the SK3 small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel (SK3-T/T) in mice induces a notable bilateral reduction of the hippocampal area (more than 50 %). Histological analysis showed that SK3-T/T mice have cellular disarrangements and neuron discontinuities in the hippocampal formation CA1 and CA3 neuronal layer. SK3 overexpression resulted in cognitive loss as determined by the object recognition test. Electrophysiological examination of hippocampal slices revealed that SK3 channel overexpression induced deficiency of long-term potentiation in hippocampal microcircuits. In association with these results, there were changes at the mRNA levels of some genes involved in Alzheimer’s disease and/or linked to schizophrenia, epilepsy, and autism. Taken together, these features suggest that augmenting the function of SK3 ion channel in mice may present a unique opportunity to investigate the neural basis of central nervous system dysfunctions associated with schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s disease, or other neuropsychiatric/neurodegenerative disorders in this model system. As a more detailed understanding of the role of the SK3 channel in brain disorders is limited by the lack of specific SK3 antagonists and agonists, the results observed in this study are of significant interest; they suggest a new approach for the development of neuroprotective strategies in neuropsychiatric/neurodegenerative diseases with SK3 representing a potential drug target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Martin
- Department of Molecular Biology of Neuronal Signals, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein-Strasse 3, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Center Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marcio Lazzarini
- Department of Molecular Biology of Neuronal Signals, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein-Strasse 3, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Dullin
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Georg-August University Medical Center, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Saju Balakrishnan
- Center Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, Georg-August University Medical Center, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Felipe V Gomes
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, 14040-900, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Milena Ninkovic
- Department of Neurosurgery, Georg-August University Medical Center, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ahmed El Hady
- Department of Molecular Biology of Neuronal Signals, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein-Strasse 3, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Bernstein Focus for Neurotechnology and Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Göttingen, Germany
- Theoretical Neurophysics, Department of Non-linear Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- The Interdisciplinary Collaborative Research Center 889 "Cellular Mechanisms of Sensory Processing", Göttingen, Germany
| | - Luis A Pardo
- Oncophysiology Group, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Walter Stühmer
- Department of Molecular Biology of Neuronal Signals, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein-Strasse 3, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
- Center Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Göttingen, Germany.
- Bernstein Focus for Neurotechnology and Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Elaine Del-Bel
- Department of Morphology, Physiology and Pathology, CNPQ Research 1B (Biophysics, Biochemistry, Pharmacology and Neuroscience), University of São Paulo Dental School of Ribeirão Preto, Avenida do Café 3400, 14040-904, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cui M, Qin G, Yu K, Bowers MS, Zhang M. Targeting the Small- and Intermediate-Conductance Ca-Activated Potassium Channels: The Drug-Binding Pocket at the Channel/Calmodulin Interface. Neurosignals 2014; 22:65-78. [PMID: 25300231 DOI: 10.1159/000367896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The small- and intermediate-conductance Ca(2+)-activated potassium (SK/IK) channels play important roles in the regulation of excitable cells in both the central nervous and cardiovascular systems. Evidence from animal models has implicated SK/IK channels in neurological conditions such as ataxia and alcohol use disorders. Further, genome-wide association studies have suggested that cardiovascular abnormalities such as arrhythmias and hypertension are associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms that occur within the genes encoding the SK/IK channels. The Ca(2+) sensitivity of the SK/IK channels stems from a constitutively bound Ca(2+)-binding protein: calmodulin. Small-molecule positive modulators of SK/IK channels have been developed over the past decade, and recent structural studies have revealed that the binding pocket of these positive modulators is located at the interface between the channel and calmodulin. SK/IK channel positive modulators can potentiate channel activity by enhancing the coupling between Ca(2+) sensing via calmodulin and mechanical opening of the channel. Here, we review binding pocket studies that have provided structural insight into the mechanism of action for SK/IK channel positive modulators. These studies lay the foundation for structure-based drug discovery efforts that can identify novel SK/IK channel positive modulators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Cui
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Va., USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Conotoxins that confer therapeutic possibilities. Mar Drugs 2012; 10:1244-1265. [PMID: 22822370 PMCID: PMC3397437 DOI: 10.3390/md10061244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Revised: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cone snails produce a distinctive repertoire of venom peptides that are used both as a defense mechanism and also to facilitate the immobilization and digestion of prey. These peptides target a wide variety of voltage- and ligand-gated ion channels, which make them an invaluable resource for studying the properties of these ion channels in normal and diseased states, as well as being a collection of compounds of potential pharmacological use in their own right. Examples include the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved pharmaceutical drug, Ziconotide (Prialt®; Elan Pharmaceuticals, Inc.) that is the synthetic equivalent of the naturally occurring ω-conotoxin MVIIA, whilst several other conotoxins are currently being used as standard research tools and screened as potential therapeutic drugs in pre-clinical or clinical trials. These developments highlight the importance of driving conotoxin-related research. A PubMed query from 1 January 2007 to 31 August 2011 combined with hand-curation of the retrieved articles allowed for the collation of 98 recently identified conotoxins with therapeutic potential which are selectively discussed in this review. Protein sequence similarity analysis tentatively assigned uncharacterized conotoxins to predicted functional classes. Furthermore, conotoxin therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative disorders (NDD) was also inferred.
Collapse
|
13
|
Xue WN, Wang Y, He SM, Wang XL, Zhu JL, Gao GD. SK- and h-current contribute to the generation of theta-like resonance of rat substantia nigra pars compacta dopaminergic neurons at hyperpolarized membrane potentials. Brain Struct Funct 2011; 217:379-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s00429-011-0361-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2011] [Accepted: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|