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Zhao X, Tian L, Yan J, Yue W, Yan H, Zhang D. Abnormal Rich-Club Organization Associated with Compromised Cognitive Function in Patients with Schizophrenia and Their Unaffected Parents. Neurosci Bull 2017. [PMID: 28646350 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-017-0151-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is considered to be a disorder of brain connectivity, which might result from a disproportionally impaired rich-club organization. The rich-club is composed of highly interconnected hub regions that play crucial roles in integrating information between different brain regions. Few studies have yet investigated whether the structural rich-club organization is impaired in patients and their first-degree relatives. In this study, we established a weighted network model of white matter connections using diffusion tensor imaging of 19 patients and 39 unaffected parents, 22 young healthy controls for the patients, and 25 old healthy controls for the parents. Feeder edges between rich-club nodes and non-rich-club nodes were significantly decreased in both schizophrenic patients and their unaffected parents compared with controls. Furthermore, the feeder edges showed significant positive correlations with the scores in Category Fluency Test-animal naming in the unaffected parents. Specific feeder edges exhibited discriminative power with accuracy of 84.4% in distinguishing unaffected parents from old healthy controls. Our findings suggest that impaired rich-club organization, especially impaired feeder edges, may be related to familial vulnerability to schizophrenia, possibly reflecting a genetic predisposition for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Ministry of Health), Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lin Tian
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuxi Mental Health Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214151, China.,Wuxi Tongren International Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, 214151, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Ministry of Health), Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Weihua Yue
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Ministry of Health), Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hao Yan
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Ministry of Health), Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Dai Zhang
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Ministry of Health), Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Peking University-Tsinghua University Joint Center for Life Sciences/ PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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Li B, Cui LB, Xi YB, Friston KJ, Guo F, Wang HN, Zhang LC, Bai YH, Tan QR, Yin H, Lu H. Abnormal Effective Connectivity in the Brain is Involved in Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Schizophrenia. Neurosci Bull 2017; 33:281-291. [PMID: 28224285 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-017-0101-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Information flow among auditory and language processing-related regions implicated in the pathophysiology of auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) in schizophrenia (SZ) remains unclear. In this study, we used stochastic dynamic causal modeling (sDCM) to quantify connections among the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (inner speech monitoring), auditory cortex (auditory processing), hippocampus (memory retrieval), thalamus (information filtering), and Broca's area (language production) in 17 first-episode drug-naïve SZ patients with AVHs, 15 without AVHs, and 19 healthy controls using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Finally, we performed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and correlation analysis between image measures and symptoms. sDCM revealed an increased sensitivity of auditory cortex to its thalamic afferents and a decrease in hippocampal sensitivity to auditory inputs in SZ patients with AVHs. The area under the ROC curve showed the diagnostic value of these two connections to distinguish SZ patients with AVHs from those without AVHs. Furthermore, we found a positive correlation between the strength of the connectivity from Broca's area to the auditory cortex and the severity of AVHs. These findings demonstrate, for the first time, augmented AVH-specific excitatory afferents from the thalamus to the auditory cortex in SZ patients, resulting in auditory perception without external auditory stimuli. Our results provide insights into the neural mechanisms underlying AVHs in SZ. This thalamic-auditory cortical-hippocampal dysconnectivity may also serve as a diagnostic biomarker of AVHs in SZ and a therapeutic target based on direct in vivo evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojuan Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Long-Biao Cui
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yi-Bin Xi
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Karl J Friston
- Wellcome Trust Center for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Fan Guo
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Hua-Ning Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Lin-Chuan Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yuan-Han Bai
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Qing-Rong Tan
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Hong Yin
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Hongbing Lu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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