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Zhang X, Zhang X, Wang Z, Quan B, Bai X, Wu Z, Meng Y, Wei Z, Xia T, Zheng Y, Wang M. Melanoidin-like carbohydrate-containing macromolecules from Shanxi aged vinegar exert immunoenhancing effects on macrophage RAW264.7 cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130088. [PMID: 38354936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Bioactive macromolecule mining is important for the functional chemome analysis of traditional Chinese vinegar. In this study, we isolated and characterized carbohydrate-containing macromolecules from Shanxi aged vinegar (CCMSAV) and evaluated their immunomodulatory activity. The isolation process involved ethanol precipitation, deproteinization, decolorization, and DEAE-650 M column chromatography, resulting in the acquisition of four sub-fractions. All sub-fractions exhibited a molecular weight range of 6.92 to 16.71 kDa and were composed of 10 types of monosaccharides. Comparative analysis of these sub-fractions with two melanoidins exhibited similarities in elemental composition, spectral signature, and pyrolytic characteristics. Immunological assays confirmed the significantly enhanced cell viability, phagocytic activity, and secretion of nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 in RAW264.7 cells by all four sub-fractions. Further investigation of the immunomodulatory mechanism revealed that SAV-RP70-X, the most potent purified sub-fraction, enhanced aerobic glycolysis in macrophages and activated Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), TLR4, mannose receptor (MR), scavenger receptor (SR), and the dendritic cell-associated C-type lectin-1 receptor (Dectin-1). Furthermore, the activation of macrophages was associated with the MyD88/PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway. Methylation analysis revealed that 1,4-Xylp was the most abundant glycosidic linkage in SAV-RP70-X.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Zhisong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Bingyan Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xiaoli Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Zihang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yuan Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Zixiang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Ting Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
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Wang GL, Li JY, Wang Y, Chen Y, Wen QL. Extraction, Structure and Bioactivity of Polysaccharides from Tricholoma matsutake (S. Ito et Imai) Singer (Review). APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683822040184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zhou Y, El-Seedi HR, Xu B. Insights into health promoting effects and myochemical profiles of pine mushroom Tricholoma matsutake. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:5698-5723. [PMID: 34985354 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2023857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Tricholoma matsutake (TM) is a valuable edible mushroom that has attracted increasing attention due to its potential medicinal values and functional uses. However, the chemical composition and molecular mechanisms behinds TM are not specifically summarized yet. Hence, this review aims to systematically analyze the research progress on the characterization of chemical compositions and the reported health effects of TM in the last 20 years. The myochemical profiles of TM consist of proteins with amino acids, fatty acids, nucleic acids with their derivatives, polysaccharides, minerals, volatile components, phenolic compounds, and steroids. The bioactive substances in TM exert their health effects mainly by regulating body immunity and restoring the balance of the redox system. NF-κB signaling pathway and its downstream cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6 are the key molecular mechanisms. In addition, MAPK, PI3K-Akt, and JAK-STAT are also involved. NF-κB, MAPK, and PI3K-Akt are also highly related to cancer regulation and thus TM has great anticancer potential. Considering that most studies have only investigated the dosage and inhibition rate of TM on cancer cell lines, more extensive studies need to focus on the specific molecular mechanisms behind these anticancer effects in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhou
- BNU-HKBU United International College, Food Science and Technology Program, Zhuhai, China
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Baojun Xu
- BNU-HKBU United International College, Food Science and Technology Program, Zhuhai, China
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4
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LI M, ZHANG Y, LU Q, GAO Y, YE T, WANG C, XING D. Structure, bioactivities and applications of the polysaccharides from Tricholoma Matsutake: a review. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.44922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao LI
- Cancer Institute, China; Qingdao Cancer Institute, China; Qingdao University, China
| | - Yukun ZHANG
- Cancer Institute, China; Qingdao Cancer Institute, China; Qingdao University, China
| | - Qi LU
- Cancer Institute, China; Qingdao Cancer Institute, China; Qingdao University, China
| | - Yuanzhen GAO
- Cancer Institute, China; Qingdao Cancer Institute, China; Qingdao University, China
| | - Ting YE
- Cancer Institute, China; Qingdao Cancer Institute, China; Qingdao University, China
| | - Chao WANG
- Cancer Institute, China; Qingdao Cancer Institute, China; Qingdao University, China
| | - Dongming XING
- Cancer Institute, China; Qingdao Cancer Institute, China; Tsinghua University, China
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DING X, TANG X, HOU Y. Comparative studies on the structure, biological activity and molecular mechanisms of polysaccharides from Boletus aereus (BA-T) and Pleurotus cornucopiae (PC-1). FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.50421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang DING
- China West Normal University, China; China West Normal University, China
| | | | - Yiling HOU
- China West Normal University, China; Sichuan Institute of Atomic Energy, China; Departmental and Municipal Co-construction of Crops Genetic Improvement of Hill Land Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China
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Guo Y, Chen X, Gong P. Classification, structure and mechanism of antiviral polysaccharides derived from edible and medicinal fungus. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:1753-1773. [PMID: 34048833 PMCID: PMC8144117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The deficiency of chemical-synthesized antiviral drugs when applied in clinical therapy, such as drug resistance, and the lack of effective antiviral drugs to treat some newly emerging virus infections, such as COVID-19, promote the demand of novelty and safety anti-virus drug candidate from natural functional ingredient. Numerous studies have shown that some polysaccharides sourcing from edible and medicinal fungus (EMFs) exert direct or indirect anti-viral capacities. However, the internal connection of fungus type, polysaccharides structural characteristics, action mechanism was still unclear. Herein, our review focus on the two aspects, on the one hand, we discussed the type of anti-viral EMFs and the structural characteristics of polysaccharides to clarify the structure-activity relationship, on the other hand, the directly or indirectly antiviral mechanism of EMFs polysaccharides, including virus function suppression, immune-modulatory activity, anti-inflammatory activity, regulation of population balance of gut microbiota have been concluded to provide a comprehensive theory basis for better clinical utilization of EMFs polysaccharides as anti-viral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Xuefeng Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China; Shaanxi Research Institute of Agricultural Product Processing Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Pin Gong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
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Lee NY, Choi DH, Kim MG, Jeong MJ, Kwon HJ, Kim DH, Kim YG, Luccio ED, Arioka M, Yoon HJ, Kim JG. Biosynthesis of (R)-(-)-1-Octen-3-ol in Recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae with Lipoxygenase-1 and Hydroperoxide Lyase Genes from Tricholoma matsutake. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 30:296-305. [PMID: 32120462 PMCID: PMC9728333 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2001.01049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Tricholoma matsutake is an ectomycorrhizal fungus, related with the host of Pinus densiflora. Most of studies on T. matsutake have focused on mycelial growth, genes and genomics, phylogenetics, symbiosis, and immune activity of this strain. T. matsutake is known for its unique fragrance in Eastern Asia. The most major component of its scent is (R)-(-)-1-octen-3-ol and is biosynthesized from the substrate linoleic acid by the sequential reaction of lipoxygenase and peroxide lyase. Here, we report for the first time the biosynthesis of (R)-(-)- 1-octen-3-ol of T. matsutake using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a host. In this study, cDNA genes correlated with these reactions were cloned from T. matsutake, and expression studies of theses genes were carried out in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The product of these genes expression study was carried out with Western blotting. The biosynthesis of (R)-(-)- 1-octen-3-ol of T. matsutake in recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae was subsequently identified with GC-MS chromatography analysis. The biosynthesis of (R)-(-)-1-octen-3-ol with S. cerevisiae represents a significant step forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Yeong Lee
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 4566, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo-Ho Choi
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 4566, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Gyeong Kim
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 4566, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ji Jeong
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 4566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Jun Kwon
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 4566, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 4566, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Guk Kim
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 4566, Republic of Korea
| | - Eric di Luccio
- School of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Manabu Arioka
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 11-8657 Japan
| | - Hyeok-Jun Yoon
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 4566, Republic of Korea,H.J.Y. E-mail :
| | - Jong-Guk Kim
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 4566, Republic of Korea,Corresponding authors J.G.K. Phone: +82-53-950-5379 Fax: +82-53-955-5379 E-mail:
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Dendrobium huoshanense polysaccharide regulates intestinal lamina propria immune response by stimulation of intestinal epithelial cells via toll-like receptor 4. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 222:115028. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Li Q, Chen Z, Xu Z, Han S, Hao H, Wu J, Sun F, Fu X, Li R, Zheng B, Guo X, Zhang T, Chen Y. Binding of the polysaccharide from Acanthopanax giraldii Harms to toll-like receptor 4 activates macrophages. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 241:112011. [PMID: 31173876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The traditional Chinese medicine, Acanthopanax giraldii Harms, is commonly used to treat arthralgia due to wind, cold and dampness, as well as weakness in the feet and knees. Its other reported effects include eliminating flatulence, strengthening muscles and bones, and delaying aging. The polysaccharides in A. giraldii Harms are the major bioactive substances that confer the herb's antioxidant properties as well as anticancer and antiviral effects. AIMS OF THE STUDY To elucidate the underlying mechanism and signaling cascade involved in the homogeneous A. giraldii Harms polysaccharide II (AHP-II)-mediated immunomodulation of mice macrophages. MATERIALS AND METHODS The phagocytosis of neutral red and the production of nitric oxide, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), were measured to determine AHP-II-induced macrophage activation. Confocal microscopy and flow cytometry were used to confirm the binding of AHP-II to macrophages. The involvement of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 in AHP-II-induced macrophage activation was demonstrated using antibody blocking and macrophages from C3H/HeJ TLR4-mutant mice. Western blotting was used to map AHP-II-induced downstream signaling pathways. RESULTS AHP-II increased the phagocytosis of macrophages and the release of nitric oxide, IL-6 and TNF-α cytokines. Direct, saturable and reversible binding of AHP-II to macrophages was observed, while it can be inhibited by the anti-TLR4 antibody. In addition, the presence of the anti-TLR4 antibody inhibited AHP-II-induced macrophage IL-6 and TNF-α production in the peritoneal macrophages of C3H/HeJ mice. Moreover, AHP-II-TLR4-stimulated macrophages activate the downstream intracellular ERK and JNK/nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathways. In addition, the AHP-II-mediated regulation of IL-6 and TNF-α production from macrophages was greatly affected by specific ERK, JNK and NF-κB inhibitors. CONCLUSION Our study elucidated the immunomodulatory mechanism of AHP-II in macrophage activation and identified TLR4 as the main receptor coordinating AHP-II binding. Our findings suggest AHP-II may be used as a novel immunopotentiator for medical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, No.7166 W. Baotong Rd, Weifang City, 261042, China.
| | - Zhiting Chen
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, No.7166 W. Baotong Rd, Weifang City, 261042, China.
| | - Zhilu Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, No.7166 W. Baotong Rd, Weifang City, 261042, China.
| | - Shaoyun Han
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, No.7166 W. Baotong Rd, Weifang City, 261042, China.
| | - Huihui Hao
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, No. 2428 Yuhe Rd, Weifang City, 261042, China.
| | - Jiang Wu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, No.7166 W. Baotong Rd, Weifang City, 261042, China.
| | - Fengxiang Sun
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, No.7166 W. Baotong Rd, Weifang City, 261042, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Fu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, No.7166 W. Baotong Rd, Weifang City, 261042, China.
| | - Ruyue Li
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, No.7166 W. Baotong Rd, Weifang City, 261042, China.
| | - Birong Zheng
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, No.7166 W. Baotong Rd, Weifang City, 261042, China.
| | - Xiaoxiao Guo
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, No.7166 W. Baotong Rd, Weifang City, 261042, China.
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, No.7166 W. Baotong Rd, Weifang City, 261042, China.
| | - Yong Chen
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, No.7166 W. Baotong Rd, Weifang City, 261042, China.
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae β-glucan-induced SBD-1 expression in ovine ruminal epithelial cells is mediated through the TLR-2-MyD88-NF-κB/MAPK pathway. Vet Res Commun 2019; 43:77-89. [PMID: 30863917 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-019-09747-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ovine ruminal epithelial cells (ORECs) not only have a physical barrier function but also can secrete host defence peptides (HDPs), such as sheep β-defensin-1 (SBD-1). As a feed additive, Saccharomyces cerevisiae can enhance the host's innate immunity. β-glucan, a cell wall component of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, can stimulate innate immune responses and trigger the up-regulation of SBD-1 in ORECs. The signaling mechanisms involved in β-glucan-induced SBD-1 expression are not completely understood. The aim of this study was to identify the receptors and intracellular pathways involved in the up-regulation of SBD-1 induced by β-glucan. ORECs were cultured, and the regulatory mechanisms of β-glucan-induced up-regulation of SBD-1 were detected using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and western blotting. TLR-2 and MyD88 knockdown or inhibition attenuated β-glucan-induced SBD-1 expression. We also showed that inhibition of MAPK and NF-κB pathways significantly reduced β-glucan-induced SBD-1 expression. These results demonstrate that β-glucan-induced SBD-1 expression is TLR-2-MyD88-dependent and may be regulated by both MAPK and NF-κB pathways. Since NF-κB inhibition had a greater effect on the down-regulation of β-glucan-induced SBD-1 expression, the NF-κB pathway may be the dominant signaling pathway involved in the regulation of defensin expression. Our studies demonstrate that β-glucan-induced SBD-1 expression is mediated through the TLR-2-MyD88-NF-κB/MAPK pathway. Our results would contribute to the understanding of immunological modulations in the gastrointestinal tract triggered by probiotic yeast cell wall components.
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Shi F, Li Y, Wang L, Yang Y, Lu K, Wu S, Ming J. Measurement of moisture transformation and distribution in Tricholoma matsutake
by low field nuclear magnetic resonance during the hot-air drying process. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.13565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Shi
- College of Food Science; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Li
- College of Food Science; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
| | - Liying Wang
- College of Food Science; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
| | - Yaxuan Yang
- College of Food Science; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
| | - Keke Lu
- College of Food Science; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
| | - Surui Wu
- Kunming Edible Fungi Institute, All China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives; Kunming 650223 People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Ming
- College of Food Science; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Special Foods; Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
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13
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Wang X, Ding J, Feng Y, Weng L, Zhao G, Xiang J, Zhang M, Xing D. Targeting of growth factors in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: The potentials of polysaccharides. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:1509-1517. [PMID: 28454283 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has become a leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide and is thus of great concern. Although various chemotherapeutic drugs are currently used for the treatment of HCC, severe side effects associated with these treatments have prompted interest in novel therapies, including the use of certain biological macromolecules such as polysaccharides. Several studies have shown that polysaccharides have anticancer and antiproliferative effects on HCC. Vascular endothelial growth factor, transforming growth factor β, epidermal growth factor and fibroblast growth factor may be effective targets for polysaccharides and may modulate tumor growth and immunity through increasing the expression levels of cytokines. The present review focuses on the ways in which growth factors contribute to the development of HCC, and on the anti-growth factor activities of natural and synthetic polysaccharides, as well as their effect on proinflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Radiology Department, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P.R. China
| | - Jieyu Ding
- Radiology Department, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Feng
- Oncology Department, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200021, P.R. China
| | - Lingling Weng
- Radiology Department, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P.R. China
| | - Guangqiang Zhao
- Radiology Department, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Xiang
- Radiology Department, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P.R. China
| | - Minguang Zhang
- Radiology Department, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P.R. China
| | - Dongwei Xing
- Radiology Department, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P.R. China
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Wu Z, Wang G, Pan D, Guo Y, Zeng X, Sun Y, Cao J. Inflammation-related pro-apoptotic activity of exopolysaccharides isolated from Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis. Benef Microbes 2016; 7:761-768. [DOI: 10.3920/bm2015.0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Exopolysaccharides (EPS) have attracted attention recently for possible use in suppressing early stage breast cancer. In this study, a mannan EPS produced by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis was found to affect the production of inflammatory cytokines. EPS (300 μg/ml) can significantly enhance tumour necrosis factor alpha and inducible NO synthase release in MCF-7 cells compared to control cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Also the intracellular calcium level was found to increase with the concentration of EPS. After EPS-treatment, a significant reduction in mitochondrial potential was observed, as was nuclear condensation and cell shrinkage. These results may be helpful in further understanding the anti-tumour properties of lactic acid bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Wu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Ginling College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, Jiangsu, China P.R
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Marine Science School, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China P.R
| | - G. Wang
- Department of Landscape Engineering, Heze University, Heze 274051, Shandong, China P.R
| | - D. Pan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Ginling College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, Jiangsu, China P.R
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Marine Science School, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China P.R
| | - Y. Guo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Ginling College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, Jiangsu, China P.R
| | - X. Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Marine Science School, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China P.R
| | - Y. Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Marine Science School, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China P.R
| | - J. Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Marine Science School, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China P.R
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Polysaccharide of Dendrobium huoshanense activates macrophages via toll-like receptor 4-mediated signaling pathways. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 146:292-300. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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16
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Patten D, Laws A. Lactobacillus-produced exopolysaccharides and their potential health benefits: a review. Benef Microbes 2015; 6:457-71. [DOI: 10.3920/bm2014.0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria, such as those of the Lactobacillus genus, naturally reside within the microbiota of the human body and have long been used as starter cultures and probiotic enhancers in fermented foods, such as fermented drinks, yoghurts and cheeses. Many of the beneficial qualities of these bacteria have traditionally been associated with the bacteria themselves, however, a recent spate of studies have demonstrated a wide variety of biological effects exhibited by lactobacilli-produced exopolysaccharides which could, theoretically, confer a range of local and systemic health benefits upon the host. In this review, we discuss the production of exopolysaccharides within the Lactobacillus genus and explore their potential as beneficial bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- D.A. Patten
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, HD1 3DH Huddersfield, United Kingdom
- Centre for Liver Research, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - A.P. Laws
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, HD1 3DH Huddersfield, United Kingdom
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Xu X. Plant Polysaccharides and Their Effects on Cell Adhesion. POLYSACCHARIDES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-16298-0_67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Ren M, Ye L, Hao X, Ren Z, Ren S, Xu K, Li J. Polysaccharides from Tricholoma matsutake and Lentinus edodes enhance 5-fluorouracil-mediated H22 cell growth inhibition. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2014; 34:309-16. [PMID: 24992758 DOI: 10.1016/s0254-6272(14)60095-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Few studies have investigated the effects produced by combinations of polysaccharides and chemotherapeutic drugs in cancer treatment. We hypothesized that a combination of polysaccharides (COP) from Lentinus edodes and Tricholoma matsutake would improve the efficacy of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-mediated inhibition of H22 cell growth. METHODS Mice were injected H22 cells and then treated with either 5-FU, polysaccharides from Tricholoma matsutake (PTM), polysaccharides from Lentinus edodes (PL), PTM+PL, 5-FU+PTM, 5-FU+ PL, or 5-FU + COP. The tumor weight and volume, and splenic CD4 + and CD8 + T cell frequencies, were determined. Additionally, splenic natural killer (NK) cell and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activities were assessed and the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), Interleukin-2 (IL-2), and Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) were measured. RESULTS Compared with mice from the control, 5-FU, PL, PTM, PTM + PL, 5-FU + PL, and 5-FU + PTM groups, mice treated with 5-FU + COP showed: (a) significantly reduced tumor weight and volume (P < 0.05); (b) significantly higher serum levels of TNF-alpha, IL-2, and IFN-gamma (P < 0.05); (c) significantly increased CD4+ and CD8+ T cell frequencies in the spleen (P < 0.05); and (d) significantly increased splenic NK cell and CTL activities (P < 0.05). The tumor weight and volume in mice treated with 5-FU+PL or 5-FU+PTM were significantly reduced compared with mice treated with 5-FU alone (P < 0.05). Serum levels of TNF-alpha, IL-2, and IFN-gamma, frequencies of CD4 + and CD8+ T cells in the spleen, and splenic NK and CTL activities were also significantly increased in mice treated with 5-FU+PL or 5-FU+PTM compared with mice treated with 5-FU alone (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Polysaccharides from Lentinus edodes and Tricholoma matsutake could enhance the efficacy of 5-FU-mediated H22 cell growth inhibition.
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Ying X, Ma J, Liang Q, Wang Y, Bai G, Luo G. Identification and analysis of the constituents in an aqueous extract of Tricholoma matsutake by HPLC coupled with diode array detection/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. J Food Sci 2014; 78:C1173-82. [PMID: 23957403 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The main constituents in an aqueous extract of Tricholoma matsutake (Tm) were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection and electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD/TOF-MS) and ion trap mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD/Trap-MSn). The main factors in the extraction process which affect the yields of nutrients were optimized by single-factor experiments and orthogonal experiment design. In total, 12 constituents were identified from the aqueous extract of Tm, including tyrosine, cytidine, uridine, eritadenine, phenylalanine, nicotinamide, inosine, guanosine, tryptophan, adenosine, 5'-deoxy-5'-methylthioadenosine and riboflavin. The optimized extraction conditions were: the ratio of water to sample was 10 : 1 (v/w), Tm was extracted by ultrasonic-assisted extraction for 10 min, followed by water bath heating at 60 °C for 1 h. Among these extraction factors, the heating temperature is significant based on analysis of variance (ANOVA). The yields of nutrients were affected dramatically at high temperature leading to the loss of nutrients, especially for nucleosides and some amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhui Ying
- College of Pharmacy of Nankai Univ, Tianjin 300071, China; Analysis Centre of Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, China
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Yang WS, Jeong D, Yi YS, Lee BH, Kim TW, Htwe KM, Kim YD, Yoon KD, Hong S, Lee WS, Cho JY. Myrsine seguinii ethanolic extract and its active component quercetin inhibit macrophage activation and peritonitis induced by LPS by targeting to Syk/Src/IRAK-1. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 151:1165-1174. [PMID: 24378351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Myrsine seguinii H. LÉVEILLÉ (syn. Rapanea neriifolia) (Myrsinaceae) is a medicinal plants traditionally used in Myanmar to treat infectious and inflammatory diseases. Since none of reports have systematically demonstrated the anti-inflammatory activity of this plant, we aimed to mechanistically understand the regulatory roles of the plant in inflammatory responses using the ethanolic extract of Myrsine seguinii (Ms-EE). MATERIALS AND METHODS Activated macrophages and peritonitis symptoms induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were employed. HPLC analysis was used to identify active components. To characterize direct target enzymes, kinase assay was established. RESULTS Ms-EE inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin (PG)E2 in RAW264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages stimulated by LPS. This extract suppressed the mRNA expression of the inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 genes by down-regulating the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and activator protein (AP-1). Interestingly, it was found that Ms-EE can directly suppress the enzyme activities of Syk, Src, and interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-1 (IRAK-1). Similarly, orally administered Ms-EE inhibited the phosphorylation of Src and Syk in peritoneal exudate-derived cells prepared from peritonitis. Finally, HPLC analysis clearly demonstrated that quercetin is a major active component with suppressing activity on the release of inflammatory mediators (NO and PGE2), and the enzyme activities of Src, Syk, and IRAK-1. CONCLUSION Ms-EE containing quercetin negatively modulates macrophage-mediated in vitro inflammatory responses and LPS-induced peritonitis by blocking the Src/Syk/NF-κB and IRAK-1/AP-1 pathways, which contributes to its major ethnopharmacological use as an anti-inflammatory herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Seok Yang
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Jeong
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Su Yi
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Hee Lee
- Division of Biological Resources Coordination, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 404-708, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Woong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Khin Myo Htwe
- Popa Mountain Park, Forest Department, Kyaukpadaung Township, Mandalay Division, Myanmar
| | - Young-Dong Kim
- Department of Life Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee Dong Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 420-743, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sungyoul Hong
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Shin Lee
- Department of Forest Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea.
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Plant polysaccharides and their effects on cell adhesion. POLYSACCHARIDES 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-03751-6_67-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Yin X, You Q, Su X. A comparison study on extraction of polysaccharides from Tricholoma matsutake by response surface methodology. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 102:419-22. [PMID: 24507300 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.11.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Tricholoma matsutake polysaccharides (TMP) extraction was optimized using counter-current probe ultrasonic extraction (CCPUE) by response surface methodology (RSM). The effect of three factors (liquid-solid ratio, extraction time and pulse duration) on the TMP yield was studied. The results showed that the optimal conditions were liquid-solid ratio (15), extraction time (61 min) and pulse duration (6.0 s). Under best conditions, the maximum TMP yield was 8.11 ± 0.35%, which was close with the predicted yield value (8.03%). The five methods, hot-water extraction (HWE), enzyme assisted extraction (EAE), ultrasonic clearer extraction (UCE), static probe ultrasonic extraction (SPUE), and CCPUE for extracting TMP by RSM were further compared. The results indicated that CCPUE had the largest yield of TMP with modest energy consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulian Yin
- School of Life Science and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223001, China; Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Conversion and Process Integration, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223001, China; Huaian High-Tech Research Institute of Nanjing University, Huaian 223001, China
| | - Qinghong You
- School of Life Science and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223001, China; Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Conversion and Process Integration, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223001, China; Huaian High-Tech Research Institute of Nanjing University, Huaian 223001, China.
| | - Xiaoye Su
- School of Life Science and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223001, China
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Tong H, Liu X, Tian D, Sun X. Purification, chemical characterization and radical scavenging activities of alkali-extracted polysaccharide fractions isolated from the fruit bodies of Tricholoma matsutake. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 29:775-80. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-012-1232-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Yang Y, Yu T, Jang HJ, Byeon SE, Song SY, Lee BH, Rhee MH, Kim TW, Lee J, Hong S, Cho JY. In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of Polygonum hydropiper methanol extract. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 139:616-625. [PMID: 22182430 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Revised: 10/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Polygonum hydropiper L. (Polygonaceae) has been traditionally used to treat various inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. However, no systematic studies on the anti-inflammatory actions of Polygonum hydropiper and its inhibitory mechanisms have been reported. This study is therefore aimed at exploring the anti-inflammatory effects of 99% methanol extracts (Ph-ME) of this plant. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of Ph-ME on the production of inflammatory mediators in RAW264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages were investigated. Molecular mechanisms underlying the effects, especially inhibitory effects, were elucidated by analyzing the activation of transcription factors and their upstream signalling, and by evaluating the kinase activities of target enzymes. Additionally, a dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model was employed to see whether this extract can be used as an orally available drug. RESULTS Ph-ME dose-dependently suppressed the release of nitric oxide (NO), tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and prostaglandin (PG)E(2), in RAW264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Ph-ME inhibited mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory genes such as inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and TNF-α by suppressing the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB, activator protein (AP-1), and cAMP responsive element binding protein (CREB), and simultaneously inhibited its upstream inflammatory signalling cascades, including cascades involving Syk, Src, and IRAK1. Consistent with these findings, the extract strongly suppressed the kinase activities of Src and Syk. Based on HPLC analysis, quercetin, which inhibits NO and PGE(2) activities, was found as one of the active ingredients in Ph-ME. CONCLUSION Ph-ME exerts strong anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing Src/Syk/NF-κB and IRAK/AP-1/CREB pathways, which contribute to its major ethno-pharmacological role as an anti-gastritis remedy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Yang
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Yu T, Lee S, Yang WS, Jang HJ, Lee YJ, Kim TW, Kim SY, Lee J, Cho JY. The ability of an ethanol extract of Cinnamomum cassia to inhibit Src and spleen tyrosine kinase activity contributes to its anti-inflammatory action. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 139:566-573. [PMID: 22155395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 11/05/2011] [Accepted: 11/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cinnamomum cassia Blume (Aceraceae) has been traditionally used to treat various inflammatory diseases such as gastritis. However, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Cinnamomum cassia has not been fully elucidated. This study examined the anti-inflammatory mechanism of 95% ethanol extract (Cc-EE) of Cinnamomum cassia. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of Cc-EE on the production of inflammatory mediators in RAW264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages was investigated. Molecular mechanisms underlying the effects, especially inhibitory effects, was elucidated by analyzing the activation of transcription factors and their upstream signaling, and by evaluating the kinase activity of target enzymes. RESULTS Cc-EE of Cinnamomum cassia diminished the production of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and prostaglandin (PG)E(2), in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages in a dose-dependent manner. Cc-EE also blocked mRNA expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and TNF-α by suppressing the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB, and simultaneously inhibited its upstream inflammatory signaling cascades, including spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) and Src. Consistent with these findings, the extract directly blocked the kinase activities of Src and Syk. CONCLUSION Cc-EE exerts strong anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing Src/Syk-mediated NF-κB activation, which contributes to its major ethno-pharmacological role as an anti-gastritis remedy. Future work will be focused on determining whether the extract can be further developed as an anti-inflammatory drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yu
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Yang WS, Park YC, Kim JH, Kim HR, Yu T, Byeon SE, Unsworth LD, Lee J, Cho JY. Nanostructured, self-assembling peptide K5 blocks TNF-α and PGE₂ production by suppression of the AP-1/p38 pathway. Mediators Inflamm 2012; 2012:489810. [PMID: 22315508 PMCID: PMC3270444 DOI: 10.1155/2012/489810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanostructured, self-assembling peptides hold promise for a variety of regenerative medical applications such as 3D cell culture systems, accelerated wound healing, and nerve repair. The aim of this study was to determine whether the self-assembling peptide K5 can be applied as a carrier of anti-inflammatory drugs. First, we examined whether the K5 self-assembling peptide itself can modulate various cellular inflammatory responses. We found that peptide K5 significantly suppressed the release of tumor-necrosis-factor- (TNF-) α and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) from RAW264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Similarly, there was inhibition of cyclooxygenase- (COX-) 2 mRNA expression assessed by real-time PCR, indicating that the inhibition is at the transcriptional level. In agreement with this finding, peptide K5 suppressed the translocation of the transcription factors activator protein (AP-1) and c-Jun and inhibited upstream inflammatory effectors including mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), p38, and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3/6 (MKK 3/6). Whether this peptide exerts its effects via a transmembrane or cytoplasmic receptor is not clear. However, our data strongly suggest that the nanostructured, self-assembling peptide K5 may possess significant anti-inflammatory activity via suppression of the p38/AP-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Seok Yang
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Chul Park
- College of Forest & Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Kim
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ri Kim
- College of Forest & Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Eun Byeon
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Larry D. Unsworth
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G6
| | - Jaehwi Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
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Yu T, Ahn HM, Shen T, Yoon K, Jang HJ, Lee YJ, Yang HM, Kim JH, Kim C, Han MH, Cha SH, Kim TW, Kim SY, Lee J, Cho JY. Anti-inflammatory activity of ethanol extract derived from Phaseolus angularis beans. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 137:1197-1206. [PMID: 21821108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Revised: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 07/18/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Phaseolus angularis Wight (adzuki bean) is an ethnopharmacologically well-known folk medicine that is prescribed for infection, edema, and inflammation of the joints, appendix, kidney and bladder in Korea, China and Japan. AIM OF STUDY The anti-inflammatory effect of this plant and its associated molecular mechanisms will be investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The immunomodulatory activity of Phaseolus angularis ethanol extract (Pa-EE) in toll like receptor (TLR)-activated macrophages induced by ligands such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Poly (I:C), and pam3CSK was investigated by assessing nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin (PG)E(2) levels. To identify which transcription factors such as nuclear factor (NF)-κB and their signaling enzymes can be targeted to Pa-EE, biochemical approaches including reporter gene assays, immunoprecipitation, kinase assays, and immunoblot analyses were also employed. Finally, whether Pa-EE was orally available, ethanol (EtOH)/hydrochloric acid (HCl)-induced gastritis model in mice was used. RESULTS Pa-EE dose-dependently suppressed the release of PGE(2) and NO in LPS-, Poly(I:C)-, and pam3CSK-activated macrophages. Pa-EE strongly down-regulated LPS-induced mRNA expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2. Interestingly, Pa-EE markedly inhibited NF-κB, activator protein (AP)-1, and cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) activation; further, according to direct kinase assays and immunoblot analyses, Pa-EE blocked the activation of the upstream signaling molecules spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), p38, and transforming growth factor β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1). Finally, orally administered Pa-EE clearly ameliorated EtOH/HCl-induced gastritis in mice. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that Pa-EE can be further developed as a promising anti-inflammatory remedy because it targets multiple inflammatory signaling enzymes and transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yu
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
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Yin X, You Q, Jiang Z. Optimization of enzyme assisted extraction of polysaccharides from Tricholoma matsutake by response surface methodology. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Immunomodulatory effect of mushrooms on cytotoxic activity and cytokine production of intestinal lamina propria leukocytes does not necessarily depend on β-glucan contents. Food Chem 2011; 126:1521-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.12.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2010] [Revised: 11/24/2010] [Accepted: 12/09/2010] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Chen J, Gu W, Zhao K. The role of PI3K/Akt pathway in β-glucan-induced dendritic cell maturation. Int Immunopharmacol 2011; 11:529; author reply 530-1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2011.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 01/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Yu T, Lee YJ, Jang HJ, Kim AR, Hong S, Kim TW, Kim MY, Lee J, Lee YG, Cho JY. Anti-inflammatory activity of Sorbus commixta water extract and its molecular inhibitory mechanism. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 134:493-500. [PMID: 21195756 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2010] [Revised: 12/18/2010] [Accepted: 12/24/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Sorbus commixta Hedl. (Rosaceae) is a well known traditionally valuable medicinal plant in Korea, China and Japan. This plant has been prescribed for long time for various inflammatory symptoms such as asthma, bronchitis, gastritis and dropsy. AIM OF STUDY Although a number of pharmacological properties have already been demonstrated, the anti-inflammatory effect of this plant and its associated molecular mechanisms has not yet been fully investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS In order to address the anti-inflammatory activity of S. commixta water extract (Sc-WE), lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages were employed and production of inflammatory mediators by these cells were evaluated. RESULTS Sc-WE significantly suppressed the production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin (PG)E(2) in a dose-dependent manner and blocked ear edema formation induced by arachidonic acid in mouse. In addition, this extract effectively diminished the mRNA levels of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, indicating that the inhibition occurs at the transcriptional level. Interestingly, Sc-WE remarkably blocked NF-κB translocation and its upstream signaling events by inhibition of κBα (IκBα), IκBα kinase (IKK), Akt (protein kinase B), phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1), p85/phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K), as per the results obtained from the reporter gene assay and immunoblotting analysis. More intriguingly, Sc-WE suppressed activities of Src and Syk kinases as well as their phosphorylation levels without altering molecular complex formation between them and toll like receptor (TLR)4 or MyD88, an adaptor protein of TLR4-mediated signaling. CONCLUSION Therefore, our results suggest that Sc-WE can be developed as a potent anti-inflammatory remedy, acting by suppressing the inflammatory signaling cascade composed of Src, Syk, and NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yu
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
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Won DP, Lee JS, Kwon DS, Lee KE, Shin WC, Hong EK. Immunostimulating activity by polysaccharides isolated from fruiting body of Inonotus obliquus. Mol Cells 2011; 31:165-73. [PMID: 21191814 PMCID: PMC3932689 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-011-0022-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Revised: 10/27/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the immunostimulating activity of polysaccharides isolated from fruiting body of Inonotus obliquus (PFIO). Additionally, the signaling pathway of PFIO-mediated macrophage activation was investigated in RAW264.7 macrophage cells. We found that PFIO was capable of promoting NO/ROS production, TNF-α secretion and phagocytic uptake in macrophages, as well as cell proliferation, comitogenic effect and IFN-γ/IL-4 secretion in mouse splenocytes. PFIO was able to induce the phosphorylation of three MAPKs as well as the nuclear translocation of NF-κB, resulting in activation of RAW264.7 macrophages. PFIO also induced the inhibition of TNF-α secretion by anti-TLR2 mAb, consequently, PFIO might be involved in TNF-α secretion via the TLR2 receptor. In addition, our results showed that oral administration of PFIO suppressed in vivo growth of melanoma tumor in tumorbearing mice. In conclusion, our experiments presented that PFIO effectively promotes macrophage activation through the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways, suggesting that PFIO may potentially regulate the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Eock Kee Hong
- Department of Bioengineering and Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
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